Bharat sankhlecha

MICROPROCESSOR AND ITS

APPLICATION
Bharat Sankhlecha bharat.sanklecha@lpu.co.in Sr. Lecturer Block 33 Room No. 203 Ch No. 18 M: 9501424515

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A COMPUTER WITH MICROPROCESSOR AS CPU

Bharat sankhlecha

Input

Microprocessor as CPU

Output

Memory

MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEM WITH BUS ARCHITECTURE

Bharat sankhlecha

ALU

Register Array

I/O Input/Output System Bus Memory ROM RAM

Control

ORGANIZATION OF A MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEM

Microprocessor Arithmetic Logic Unit Register Array Control Unit Memory I/O (Input/Output) System Bus

Bharat sankhlecha

8085 MICROPROCESSOR

8085 ARCHITECTURE AND ITS OPERATIONS

The microprocessor is a programmable digital device, design with registers, Flip flops and timing elements. The microprocessor has set of instructions, designed internally, to manipulate data and communicate with peripherals. This process of data manipulation and communication is determined by the logic design of the microprocessor, called the architecture.

All the various functions performed by the microprocessor can be classified in three general categories:

Microprocessor-initiated operations Internal operations Peripheral (or externally initiated) operations

Register Structure ALU Bus Organization Timing and Control

8085 BUS STRUCTURE

MICROPROCESSOR INITIATED OPERATIONS AND 8085 BUS ORGANIZATION

The MPU performs primarily four operations: 1. Memory Read: Read data (or instructions) from memory 2. Memory Write : Write data (or instructions) into memory 3. I/O Read: Accepts data from input devices 4. I/O Write: Sends data to output devices All the operations are part of the communication process between the MPU and peripheral (including memory). To communicate with a peripheral (or a memory location), the MPU needs to perform the following steps: Step1: Identify the peripheral or the memory location (with its address) Step2: Transfer binary information (Data or instruction) Step3: Provide timing or synchronization signals.

EXAMPLE: MEMORY READ OPERATION

INTERNAL DATA OPERATIONS AND THE 8085 REGISTERS

The internal architecture of the 8085 microprocessor determines how and what operations can be performed with the data. These operations are: 1. Store 8-bit data. 2. Perform arithmetic and logical operations. 3. Test for conditions. 4. Sequence execution of instructions. 5. Store data temporarily during execution in the defined R/W memory location called stack. To perform these operations, the microprocessor requires registers, an arithmetic logic unit and control logic, and internal buses (paths for information flow)

PERIPHERAL OR EXTERNALLY INITIATED OPERATIONS

External devices can initiate the following operations, for which individual pins on the microprocessor chip are assigned : Reset, Interrupt, Ready, Hold.