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Chng 1

2004, HONG MINH SN

H thng iu khin phn tn


Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

8/27/2005

Chng 4: Kin trc DCS


4.1 4.2 Gii thiu chung Phm vi ng dng Cu hnh c bn ca cc h DCS Gii thiu cc thnh phn chnh Cc v d sn phm minh ha Cc im mu cht trong kin trc DCS So snh kin trc PLC/HIM vi DCS

4.3 4.4
2004, HONG MINH SN

Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

2005 - HMS

4.1 Gii thiu chung v DCS


DCS = Distributed Control System
Tin ha t gii php DDC, phn tn chc nng iu khin xung nhiu b iu khin ni mng H iu khin tch hp trn vn ca mt nh sn xut (tch hp v phn cng, phn mm v chc nng)

H DCS u tin: TDC2000 ca Honeywell (1975) Cc sn phm tiu biu:


ABB: Advant OCS, IndustrialIT Emerson (Fisher-Rosemount): PROVOX, DeltaV Honeywell: PlantScape Invensys (Foxboro): I/A Series Siemens: Teleperm, PCS7 Yokogawa: Centum CS1000/CS3000
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

2004, HONG MINH SN

Phm vi ng dng ca DCS


Ch yu trong cng nghip ch bin:
Ha cht, ha du, thc phm, m phm, dc phm Khai thc du kh, than in nng, xi mng, giy Luyn kim, cn thp ...

u im:
Tnh tch hp cao (phn mm, phn cng, giao tip, chc nng iu khin v gim st) Pht trin ng dng trc quan, linh hot, n gin, gn gi vi cng ngh tin cy cao nh kh nng c lp cnh gii, chn on li ca cc trm, cu trc phn tn v cu hnh d phng

2004, HONG MINH SN

Nhc im:
Gi thnh h thng tng i cao Nhiu h thng th hin tnh ng kn
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

4.2 Cu hnh c bn mt h DCS


Alarm Printer Report Printer LAN Operator Station Engineering Station

OS

OS

ES

System bus/ Control Network Local Control Unit (LCU)


2004, HONG MINH SN

4-20mA

Fieldbus

Remote I/O (RIO)

PROCESS
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

2005 - HMS

Cc thnh phn chnh


Khi iu khin cc b (LCU), b iu khin: Chc nng iu khin c s v gim st (ch yu cho cc bin tng t), c th c iu khin cao cp Vo/ra t xa (RIO), vo/ra phn tn Trm vn hnh: Chc nng giao din vn hnh & gim st, qun l d liu Trm k thut: Pht trin phn mm, cu hnh v chn on h thng
2004, HONG MINH SN

Bus h thng (system bus, data highway), bus iu khin Ty chn: Cc loi trm ch, cc my tnh iu khin cao cp, cc loi bus trng, bus thit b (Foundation Fieldbus, DP, DeviceNet...)
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

V d: DeltaV (Fisher-Rosermount)
Operator Workstation Operator Workstation Engineering Workstation Application Server

Fast Ethernet DeltaV Controllers


2004, HONG MINH SN

Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

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V d: PlantScape (Honeywell)

2004, HONG MINH SN

Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

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V d: Centum CS3000 (Yokogawa)


Plant Ethernet HIS EWS Historian/ Performance

Vnet

FCS

Local I/O Nodes


2004, HONG MINH SN

Remote I/O Nodes HIS: Human Interface Station EWS: Engineering Workstation

Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

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V d: PCS7 (Siemens)

2004, HONG MINH SN

Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

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V d: ProcessLogix (Allen-Bradley)

2004, HONG MINH SN

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B iu khin (Controller, LCU)


Khng d phng
PS CPU IM AI AO DI DO IM

C d phng
PS CPU PS CPU IM AI AO DI DO IM

Cu trc module:

2004, HONG MINH SN

Gi , thanh ray Khi cung cp ngun (PS) Khi x l trung tm (CPU) Cc module vo/ra (thng thng, HART, an ton chy n) Giao din vi bus h thng, bus iu khin Giao din vi bus trng (ty chn) My tnh c chng, ch iu khin lin tc-> DCS truyn thng PLC -> PLC-based DCS PC/IPC -> PC-based DCS Cc b iu khin lai
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Kin trc my tnh:


Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

DeltaV Controller

PCS 7 Controller

2004, HONG MINH SN

Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

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Cc chc nng ca b iu khin


X l v gim st cc gi tr vo/ra:
Chuyn i D/A, A/D, lc nhiu, chuyn thang Gim st ngng gi tr, to cc thng bo bo ng Lu tr tm thi cc gi tr vo/ra Hn ch tn hiu ra, t cc tn hiu ra v trng thi an ton trong trng hp c s c

iu khin:
iu chnh t ng: iu khin PID, iu khin t l, iu khin tng, iu khin m iu khin trnh t, iu khin kha lin ng iu khin cao cp: iu khin MPC, iu khin theo cng thc, iu khin thch nghi

2004, HONG MINH SN

T chn on X l truyn thng


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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

Cc tnh nng quan trng ca b iu khin


Tnh nng thi gian thc
Hiu nng CPU, dung lng b nh X l a nhim, h tr ca h iu hnh TGT Thi gian chuyn i tng t-s Chu k task (ti thiu 100ms)

Kh nng ghp ni vo/ra


Cc loi tn hiu vo/ra Vo/ra phn tn Ghp ni thit b HART, ghp ni bus trng

Lp trnh thun tin, cho php s dng cc thut ton cao cp


Ngn ng theo chun quc t IEC 61131-3 Kh nng iu khin lai (lin tc, trnh t v logic) Th vin khi chc nng mnh

2004, HONG MINH SN

tin cy v tnh sn sng


Kh nng t chn on, t kim tra v sa li C ch d phng nng Thi gian chuyn mch khi c s c
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

Trm vn hnh (Operator Station)

2004, HONG MINH SN

Cu hnh tiu biu:


My tnh trm (Workstation) hoc my tnh c nhn (PC) H iu hnh Windows NT/2000/XP hoc UNIX, LINUX Mn hnh CRT 21", c th mn hnh kp
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

Cc chc nng ca trm vn hnh


Hin th:
Cc hnh nh chun: hnh nh tng quan, hnh nh nhm, hnh nh tng mch vng, hnh nh iu khin trnh t Cc hnh nh ha t do: lu cng ngh, cc phm iu khin Cc th thi gian thc v th qu kh

H tr vn hnh:
Cc cng c thao tc tiu biu, x l mnh lnh H thng hng dn ch o Hng dn tr gip Bo tr h thng

Qun l d liu qu trnh


2004, HONG MINH SN

X l, lu tr Phc v truy vn

X l cc s kin, s c
Gi thng bo, yu cu xc nhn Bng hin th tm tt, bng hin th chi tit

H tr lp bo co t ng
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

Cu trc b tr cc trm vn hnh


OS SYSTEM BUS OS OS

Cu trc phng
Controller Controller

Controller

OS

OS

OS

TERMINAL BUS
2004, HONG MINH SN

DATA SERVER SYSTEM BUS Controller Controller Controller

Cu trc phn cp

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Trm k thut (Engineering Station)


Cu hnh:
My tnh c nhn (WinNT/2000/XP) hoc my tnh trm (UNIX,LINUX), mn hnh CRT 19" Thng c th s dng l trm vn hnh C c ch kha kim sot quyn s dng

Cc chc nng tiu biu:


t cu hnh h thng, lu tr v qun l d liu cu hnh h thng Tham s ha, a cc thit b trng vo vn hnh Lp trnh iu khin (LD, FBD/CFC, SFC, C/C++/BASIC,...) Th nghim v g ri chng trnh To giao din ngi-my v cc chc nng iu khin gim st khc Quan st v chn on li h thng
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

2004, HONG MINH SN

V d b tr phng iu khin trung tm

2004, HONG MINH SN

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Bus h thng
Chc nng:
Ni mng cc b iu khin vi cc trm vn hnh/trm k thut Ni mng cc b iu khin vi nhau (bus iu khin)

c im k thut:
Mng tc cao (10-100MBit/s) Yu cu tnh nng thi gian thc, c bit vi bus iu khin tin cy cao, thng c d phng 1-1

Cc loi mng cng nghip thng c s dng:


2004, HONG MINH SN

Ethernet v Industrial Ethernet (s dng Switches/Hub) Profibus-FMS ControlNet Data Highway Mng c chng ca ring hng sn xut
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

Bus trng
Chc nng:
Ghp ni trm iu khin vi cc trm vo/ra phn tn Ghp ni trm iu khin trc tip vi cc thit b trng thng minh

c im k thut:
Mng tc thp hoc va phi (< 10Mbit/s) Yu cu tnh nng thi gian thc cao tin cy cao, c bit trong mi trng d chy n

Cc loi bus thng c s dng:


2004, HONG MINH SN

Profibus-DP, Profibus-PA Foundation Fieldbus H1 Controlnet DeviceNet Mng c chng ca ring hng sn xut, s dng RS-485
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

4.3 Cc im mu cht ca kin trc DCS


Tch hp ton din v phn cng: B iu khin, I/O, ES, OS Tch hp ton din v phn mm
Cc phn mm chy Mi trng pht trin tch hp (IDE), xuyn sut C s d liu cu hnh chung C s d liu qu trnh chung

Tch hp ton din v truyn thng


2004, HONG MINH SN

C s h tng truyn thng Giao tip ngm (khng cn cu hnh, lp trnh ring)

Tch hp ton din v chc nng


iu khin c s, iu khin cao cp Vn hnh & gim st,...
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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

Kin trc DCS "truyn thng"


Kin trc "ng kn"
H tr t cc chun cng nghip Phng php lp trnh ring Kh tch hp sn phm hng th 3 (phn cng, phn mm)

B iu khin:
Chuyn dng, c chng Ch iu khin cc qu trnh lin tc hoc theo m

Giao din qu trnh:


2004, HONG MINH SN

4-20mA, HART Vo/ra tp trung hoc t xa, khng dng bus chun ha

Phn tn cha trit (chc nng iu khin vn ch nm cc b iu khin)


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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

Kin trc DCS hin i


Kin trc m:
H tr nhiu cc chun giao tip cng nghip (COM, OPC, Ethernet, ODBC, ActiveX, MMS, XML) Phng php lp trnh theo chun IEC 61131-3 C th tch hp sn phm hng th 3 (PLC, I/O, bin tn, MES, ERP,..)

B iu khin:
a dng Kh nng iu khin lai

Giao din qu trnh:


2004, HONG MINH SN

4-20mA, HART Vo/ra tp trung hoc t xa qua bus chun ha Ghp ni trc tip vi cc thit b bus trng

Chc nng iu khin: c th a xung cp trng


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Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

4.4 So snh DCS v PLC/HMI


Ngy cng ging nhau v:
Cu trc phn cng Phm vi chc nng Ngn ng lp trnh

Khc nhau c bn: mc tch hp


DCS: Phn cng trn gi, mi trng pht trin tch hp (iu khin c s, iu khin cao cp, HMI, ...), c s d liu ton cc PLC/HMI: Cu hnh phn cng tng i t do, cng c lp trnh PLC v cng c SCADA/HMI c lp vi nhau, c s d liu c lp => phc tp hn

2004, HONG MINH SN

DCS PLC+HMI

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DCS hay PLC/HMI?


u t ban u: Mc tch hp: Cng c pht trin: tin cy, sn sng: Qui m ng dng ln: Qu trnh lin tc: Qu trnh ri rc: Qu trnh hn hp: DCS DCS DCS DCS DCS DCS DCS DCS + PLC hoc h lai PLC/HMI PLC/HMI PLC/HMI PLC/HMI PLC/HMI PLC/HMI PLC/HMI

2004, HONG MINH SN

Chng 4: Kin trc DCS

2005 - HMS

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