cng mn Cng Nghip Sn xut Dc Phm Phn Chit xut: 1.

Nhng yu t nh hng n qu trnh chit xut dc liu Nhng yu t thuc v thnh phn, cu to ca dc liu Mng t bo dc liu: Mng t bo dc liu c nh hng nhiu n qu trnh khuch tn. Mng t bo c cu to khng n nh, c th b thay i tnh cht vt l v thnh phn ha hc p ng nhng chc phn sinh l c bit m n m nhim ( ha g , ha khong, ph sp ). Nhng s thay i ny c th xy ra tng phn hoc ton phn mng t bo v thng thay i nhiu thc vt gi:
-

i vi thc vt cn non hay mng mm nh c cy, hoa l, thnh phn ca

mng t bo ch yu l cellulose ( ko tan trong nc, ko tan trong cc dung mi khc, bn nhit cao, mm do , n hi). Dung mi d thm vo dc liu , do ch cn xay th dc liu trnh ln tp cht. i vi dc liu gi, rn chc nh ht, g, r , v thn th mng t bo tr nn dy v c th xy ra nhng bin i sau: + Mng t bo c th b ha bn, ha cutin, hoc c th b ph thm lp sp.. ko thm nc v khi do dung mi kh thm vo dc liu. + Mng t bo c th b ha g, ha khong, b ph thm lp dioxyd silic hoc calci carbonat, mng tr ln dy, rn chc nn dung mi kh thm vo dc liu. +Mng t bo c th b ph thm lp cht nhy, tan trong nc nhng d trng n, nht gy cn tr s thm ca dung mi, cn tr s khuch tn. Do vi nhng dc liu gi, rn chc nn xay nh , to iu kin cho dung mi thm t dc liu , cht tan d khuch tn vo dung mi

Cht nguyn sinh: c thnh phn ha hc rt phc tp v ko n nh. N c tnh nht, tnh n hi, ko tan trong nc, ko mu, ko bn vi nhit.Cht nguyn sinh c tnh bn thm, c ngha l ch thm i vi dung mi m khng cho cht tan i qua. Do chit c cc cht tan trong t bo, ngi ta phi tm cch ph hy cht nguyn sinh bng cch lm ng vn chng bng nhit( sy hoc phi kh) hoc bng cn ( hi hoc cn nng) Mt s tp cht c th c trong dc liu: sn phm ca qua trnh trao i , l cht d truc hoc cht thi ca cy, gy cn tr hoc cng c khi c tc dng thun li cho qu trnh chit xut. -

i vi dc liu cha pectin, gm, cht nhy( tan trong nc, d trng n, to i vi dc liu cha nhiu tinh bt ( ko tan trong nc lnh, b h ha nhit

dung dch keo,tng nht) : loi b bng cch cho kt ta trong cn cao . cao, lm tng nht dung dch) : Khng nn xay dc liu qu mn v trnh chit nhit cao trnh b h ha. chit. i vi nhng dc liu cha enzym( bn cht l protein, nhit 60-70 b mt hot tnh, nhit lnh th b ngng hot ng v c th phc hi khi nng nhit ) . N c th gy cn tr cng c khi to iu kin thun li cho qui trnh chit xut. Dit enzym bng 3 phng php: Nhit m, nhit t, nhit kh. Nhng yu t thuc v dung mi phn cc ca dung mi : Cc dung mi it phn cc th d ha tan cc cht ko phn cc v kh ha tan cc cht c nhiu nhm phn cc. Ngc li, dung mi phn cc mnh th d ha tan cc cht c nhiu nhm phn cc v kh ha tan cc cht it phn cc.Gm: dung mi khng phn cc ( ether du ha, xng, hexan, benzen..) , dung mi phn cc yu v i vi nhng dc liu cha cht bo, du m, tinh du, sp, nha ( ko tan trong nc , tan trong dung mi phn cc) : loi b bng cc dung mi thch hp trc khi

va( dicloethan, aceton ethylacetat, chloroform) , dung mi phn cc mnh ( nc, glycerin, cn c mch C ngn) nht, sc cng b mt ca dung mi: dung mi c nht cng thp hoc c sc cng b mt cng nh th dung mi cng d thm vo dc liu, to iu kin thun li cho qu trnh chit xut v ngc li. Nhng yu t thuc v k thut Nhit : Nhit tng th h s khuch tn tng , lng cht khuch tn tng, gim nht dung mi to iu kin thun li cho qu trnh chit xut. Nhng nhit tng s gy ph hy mt s hot cht km bn nh vitamin, glycosid,,, lm tng tan ca tp cht, lm h ha tinh bt, lm hao ht dung mi, lm gim tan ca mt s cht c qu trnh ha tan ta nhit. V vy , ty tng trng hp m la chn nhit cho ph hp Thi gian: Theo thi gian th cc hot cht ( c phn t lng nh ) ha tan v khuch tn vo dung mi trc, sau l n tp cht ( c phn t lng ln). Do cn la chn thi gian chit xut sao cho ph hp chit c ht hot cht v trnh ln nhiu tp cht mn dc liu: dc liu cng mn th lng cht khuch tn vo dung mi tng ln, thi gian chit xut s nhanh hn, nhng d gy tc thit b, hoc ln nhiu tp. Do cn phi la chn minh ca dc liu sao cho thch hp, ty trng hp c th, ty loi dc liu, dung mi, phng php.. VD: Hoa l , cy c th xay th: r, ht, thn g th xay mn. Khuy trn: Khuy trn to ra s chnh lch nng gip tng cng qu trnh khuch tn, tng cng tc khuch tn. Ty trng hp c th m ngi ta chn cch khuy v tc khuy cho ph hp: hoa l th tc khuy nh: r,ht,thn g th cnh khuy khe, tc mnh.

Siu m: nng lng siu m c tc dng lm tng mnh tnh thm thu v khuch tn.v Phng php siu m c nhiu u im lm tng cng qu trnh chit xut, nhng ch dc nghin cu trong phng th nghim 2.Phng php chit xut Phng php chit xut gin on - Phng php ngm: n gin nht Tin hnh: sau khi chun b dc liu, ngi ta dung mi cho ngp dc liu trong bnh chit xut, sau mt thi gian ngm nht nh ( cho tng loi dc liu), rt ly dch chit( lc v gn) v ra dc liu bng mt dung mi thch hp. C th khuy trn bng cnh khuy hoc rt dch chit di ri li ln trn.C nhiu cch ngm: Ngm tnh hoc ngm ng, nng hoc lnh, mt ln hoc nhiu ln. u im: n gin, d thc hin, thit b n gin , r tin. Nhc im: nng sut thp, th cng chit 1 ln th khng chit kit c hot cht chit nhiu ln th dch chit long, tn dung mi, tn thi gian - Phng php ngm kit Tin hnh: sau khi chun b dc liu, ngm dc liu vo dung mi trong bnh ngm kit. Sau 1 thi gian xc nh ( ty tng loi dc liu) rt nh git dch chit pha di, ng thi b sung thm dung mi pha trn bng cch cho dung mi chy rt chm v lin tc qua lp dc liu nm yn( ko khuy trn). Dung mi thng ngp b mt dc liu khong 3-4 cm, Ngm kit n gin: lun s dng dung mi mi chit n kit. Ngm kit phn on( ti ngm kit): s dng dch chit long chit m mi hoc chit cc m c mc chit kit khc nhau. u dim: dc liu c chit kit, tit kim c dung mi( ti ngm kit ) Nhc im: Nng sut thp, th cng, phc tp hn phng php ngm. Tn dung mi ( ngm kit n gin)

Phng php chit xut bn lin tc:

Phng php ny s dng mt h thng gm nhiu bnh chit khc nhau, c th mc thnh mt dy t 4- 16 bnh chit ni tip nhau. ( coi l ngc chiu tng i v dch chit ko chuyn ng) Tin hnh: Dc liu v dung mi c np vo trong tt c cc thit b , dc liu c ngm vo dung mi trong mt khong thi gian xc nh ( ty dc liu v dung mi). Sau dch chit dc chuyn tun t t thit b ny sang thit b khc. H thng t hp kn ny cho php ng ngt 1 cch c chu k 1 thit b ra khi h thng, cho php tho b v np dc liu mi. Sau thit b ny li c a v h thng v dch chit m c nht c qua n v cc thit b cn li. Tip theo li ng ngt mt thit b k tip. Cng nhiu thit b th qu trnh cng gn qu trnh lin tc. Qu trnh xy ra theo nguyn tc: dung mi mi tip xc vi dc liu c v dc liu mi tip xc vi dung mi c. u im: dch chit m c, dc liu dc chit kit. Nhc im: H thng cng knh, chim nhiu din tch Vn hnh phc tp, tho tc th cng, ko t ng ha c Phng php chit xut lin tc. Tin hnh : c tin hnh trong nhng thit b lm vic lin tc , dc liu v dung mi lin tc dc a vo v chuyn ng ngc chiu nhau trong thit b. Dc liu di chuyn nh c cu vn chuyn chuyn dng khc nhau. Dch chit trc khi tip xc vi dc liu mi nn dch chit thu c m c. B dc liu dc tip xc vi dung mi mi trc khi thay nn c chit kit. u im: Nng sut cao, tit kim thi gian Ko phi lm th cng, c th t ng ha, c gii ha. Dch chit m c, dc liu c chit kit, dung mi t tn km.
3.Thp chit loi ct mt c b phn vn chuyn bng trc vt

S :

Cu to: Thp c hnh tr, tit din thp l hnh trn. Gm cnh dng tm gn theo hnh xon c trn trc vt, trong khong khng gian gia cc cnh hnh xon c l cnh hm c gn c nh vo thn thit b, c tc dng lm cn tr s quay ca pha rn cng trc vt. Nguyn l lm vic: Pha rn c a vo thp t di ln nh bm chuyn dng, dung mi dc a t trn xung, hai pha chuyn ng ngc chiu nhau, lin tc. B rn c a ra khi thp pha trn, dch chit c lc qua li pha di, ri c tinh ch tip. Qu trnh chuyn khi xy ra mnh lit nht phn gia ca thp, ht rn l lng t do trong pha lng, gi tr h s chuyn khi t cc i. Qu trnh chuyn khi yu phn nh v y thp, ht rn b p st vo li hoc b phn tho liu, b nghin nt, ng vn to hin tng trt, gi tr h s chuyn khi nh hoc gim dn. u im: qu trnh xy ra trong thp l lin tc v ngc chiu. Ton pha rn c trn ln trong pha lng, din tch tip xc ln. Thit b gn, chim t din tch, tn t KL ch to, tt c khong ko trong thit b c s dng hu ch Nhc im: trong qu trnh vn chuyn, pha rn b nghin vn thm do lm xu ch thy ng.
4.

Lc v cc yu t nh hng Lc l qu trnh phn ring 2 pha rn lng ( huyn ph) ra khi nhau bng cch cho hn

hp i qua lp vt ngn xp. Mt pha ( cc ht rn) s c gi li mt phia ca b mt vt ngn , cn pha kia ( nc trong ) s i qua b mt vt ngn. lp nc trong c th i qua c vt ngn th cn phi c chnh lch p sut gia trn v di b mt vt ngn khc phc tr lc ca vt ngn ( lc u ch c tr lc ca vt ngn, v sau c tr lc ca lp b). Nh vy huyn ph cn phi c p sut d so vi p sut di b mt vt ngn. Cc yu t c bn c nh hng trc tip n qu trnh lc gm:

- Huyn ph : khi lng , kch thc, b mt, dng, tnh v phn tn ca ht trong huyn ph: nhit , nht , tnh in ly ca lng, trng lng ring ca nc trong v b. - Vch lc ( gm vt ngn v b ) : th tch , kch thc, chiu di mao qun, dng mao qun, tr lc ca vch lc. - Mt s yu t khc: chnh lch p sut hai u vch lc, vn tc dng chy qua vch lc, tnh cht ca b , ch chy ca dng cht lng C th l, nh hng ca lp b: vn tc ca nc trong t l thun vi ng lc v t l nghch vi tr lc. Tr lc li ph thuc ch yu vo tr lc ca lp b ( ph thuc vo s hnh thnh v xp ca lp b). Lp b cng mng v xp cng ln th kh nng chay qua ca cht lng cng nhanh. Do lp b cn th tch t do v s lng mao qun ln. nh hng ca kch thc ht rn trong lp b: lng cht lng chy qua lp b ph thuc vo kch thc ca mao qun nn cng b nh hng bi kch thc ca tng ht ring l. Ht nh to mao qun nh, tr lc ln v dng cht lng i qua s kh khn. Ht ln s tao mao qun ln, dng cht lng chy qua d dng. Thc t cc ht trong lp b c kch thc khng ng u nn d to kh nng bc cu, tr lc lp b cng ln. Ni chung lp b c nhng ht ln th qu trnh lc s thun li hn. nh hng ca b mt hat, dng ht v tnh ca ht: B mt ht c nh hng n cu to ca lp b. Mt g gh to k cho hin tng bc cu, to kh nng tt cho s to m. Dng ht v tnh ca ht cng nh hng n s hnh thnh lp b.(Ht a din, , ht di, ht c tnh n hi, tnh do cao d bc cu hn ht trn, d gy tc mao qun) nh hng ca dng chy: Huyn ph cha ht a din, ht thanh c tr lc dng chy thp. Nu tc dng chy mnh th c th bt kn cc mao qun, tr lc lc tng nhanh. Nu vn tc dng b th to hin tng bc cu hp l lm lp b xp hn. nh hng ca chnh lch p sut: chnh p 2 pha vch lc nh hng n dong chy ca nc trong. Tc dng chy ca nc trong qua mao qun t l vi p lc. p lc thay i lm nh hng n cc yu t khc. Lc p sut thy tnh s to ra lp lc xp

nht. Lc chn khng c chnh p ln s to lp b dy. Lc p lc thng c khong p sut d t 1-1,5 at, p sut cao c khong p sut d > 35at lm lp b mt xp, vn tc lc gim. nh hng ca nng huyn ph: Nng cc ht rn trong huyn ph cng ln, cc ht rn cng gn nhau v tip xc thng xuyn, gim s cn tr, lm ng nht qung ng lng. Cc ht rn c th sp xp ln xn to lp t nhin, nc trong d chy qua hn. Khi cng chiu dy lp b, huyn ph c nng ln hn th b s kh hn. Khi nng huyn ph tng th lng b thu c trn 1 v cng s tng. nh hng ca nhit : nh hng n nht huyn ph, nh hng n tc chy ca nc trong lp b. Khi nhit tng th nht huyn ph gim v tc nc trong s tng. 5. Tnh cht l ha ca cc alcaloid Tnh cht l hc Th trng: alcaloid thng l cc cht c trng lng phn t cao, thng th rn nhit thng. Cc alcaloid th rn thng l cc alcaloid khng bay hi, cc alocaloid bay hi thng th lng. Cc alcaloid th rn thng l cc cht d kt tinh v c chy xc nh. Mt s alcaloid khng o c chy v n b phn hy nhit thp hn chy. Cc alcaloid th lng nhit thng khng c oxy trong phn t( nicotin, spartein). Cc alcaloid th lng di dng t do nhng khi to mui vi acid th n c th chuyn sang th rn ( Spartein (lng)- Spartein sulfat ( rn)). C mt s alcaloid c oxy trong phn t nhng vn th lng ( arecolin, pilocarpin) Mu sc: a s thng khng mu hoc mu trng, mt s mu vng. Ngoi ra cn s 1 s alcaloid dng base khng mu nhng mui ca n vi acid c mu ( sanguinarin base ko mu nhng mui mu ) Mi: V ng Nng sut quay cc: Thng alcaloid t nhin c tc dng quay mt phng nh sng phn cc sang tri ( t tuyn ). Mt s tn ti trong thc vt di dng racemic.

 tan: Alcaloid thng khng tan trong nc, tr 1 s trng thi lng nh nicotin d tan trong nc. Alcaloid tan tt trong cc dung mi hu c nh cn, benzen, toluen, diclomethan. Ngc li mui ca n vi acid hu c v v c d tan trong nc v mt s dung mi hu c phn cc v ko tan trong dung mi hu c khng phn cc. Cc dung mi phn cc mnh nh ethanol, methanol thng ha tan c alcaloid dng mui v dng base Ha tnh Tnh kim: alcaloid c nito ha tr 3, c tnh kim tng t nh NH3 tc dng vi acid to mui Alc N + HCl ( Alc N). HCl Alcaloid c nito ha tr 5 to mui vi acid loi nc AlcNOH + HCl Alc NCl + H2O Cc mui thng bn vng howng alcaloid base v trng thi mui chng kh bin thn ng phn h bin. Mt khc , di dng mui vi acid chng tan rt tt trong nc nn chng thng c dng lm thuc. bn vng ca cc mui alcaloid i vi s thy phn ph thuc vo tnh kim mnh yu khc nhu ca cc alcaloid v bn cht ca acid m n kt hp vi. Tr nhm xanthin, a s cc alcaloid c gi tr pK < 7 Alcaloid l cc base yu nn chng d dng b cc base mnh v trung bnh nh NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3 y ra khi mui ca chng vi acid , c ng dng trong chit xut. 6. Cc phng php chung chit alcaloid Phng php chit alc di dng base bng dung mi hu c khng phn cc. u im: Hiu sut cao do dch chit rt ra sch, d tinh ch cc tp cht i km. C kh nng chit chn lc i vi alc dng base Nhc im: Dung mi t tin, thit b phc tp, u t ln. Gm 3 giai on: Giai on 1: Chun b nguyn liu: chia nh dc liu ty thuc loi dc liu, kim ha v lm trng n nguyn liu bng dung dch kim ( thng dng Ca (OH)2 , NH4OH, Na2CO3) chuyn alcaloid trong nguyn liu sang dng base.

Giai on 2 : Chit: s dng dung mi l cc dung mi hu c khng phn cc( khng ha ln vi nc) Giai on 3: Tinh ch: tinh ch thu alc bng cch chuyn dng mui vi acid v chuyn base bng kim v phn chiaa chng gia 2 pha dung mi hu c khng phn cc v nc loi tp cht ko phi l alc ng dng: hu ht alc c sn xut theo phng php ny. Hay c dng chit cc dc liu c nhiu cht nhy v c trng n cao. Phng php chit alc di dng mui bng dung mi nc u im: Dung mi r tin, d kim Thit b n gin, u t t Nhc im: Dch chit ln nhiu tp cht, kh tinh ch do mt mt nhiu trong khu tinh ch lm cho hiu sut thp. i vi dc liu cha nhiu cht nhy, vic s dng nc lm dung mi chit gp kh khn trong khu rt dich chit Gm 3 giai on: Giai on 1: Chun b nguyn liu : Nguyn liu c xay th, sau c lm m cho trng n bng nc Giai on 2 : Chit: s dng dung mi l nc hoc dung mi l cn ethylic hoc methylic. Giai on 3 : Tinh ch : Chit bng nc: alc c gii phng t dch chit bng cch thm kim sau c chit bng dung mi hu c ko ha tan trong nc, tip tc tinh ch bng cch bc hi dung mi v kt tinh li trong dung mi hu c hoc chuyn sang dng mui kt tinh li Chit bng cn: dch chit c c c, thm acid v loi tp cht bng cch chit bng dung mi hu c khng phn cc. thm kim chuyn sang dng base ri chit alc bng mt dung mi hu c. Bc hi dung mi ri kt tinh alc hoc chuyn sang dng mui kt tinh.

i vi alc kh tch dng phng php sc k hp ph hoc trao i ion. 7. Chit xut Rotundin t c bnh vi Chit xut rotundin di dng base bng dung mi hu c:
- Alc ton phn: c bnh vi phi kh tn nh, kim ha vi amoniac 10%. Chit vi

cloroform. Gn ly dch chit ri c c v thm vo dch c H2SO4 10 % s c mui sulfat ca alc. Li kim ha sulfat alc bng amoniac pH = 8 ri chit alc base bng cloroform. C chn khng ta c alc
- Tch rotundin: alc trn ha tan vo H2SO4 1 % - Thm Na2CO3 n pH = 6 . Rotundin s ta xung , lc ly ta . Nc ci thm Na2CO3

n pH =8 s thu c ta mt s alc khc. Chit xut rotundin di dng mui bng nc

- C bnh vi ti c bo thnh lt mng chit bng dung dch acid sulfuric 0, 3%. Dch

chit rt ra lng trong. Gn phn trong. Phn dch c c lc qua vi. Dch thu c sau khi gn, lc c ta alc base bng dung dch Ca(OH)2 . Lc ly ta alc ton phn.Ta ny c sy kh . - Ta alc ton phn kh thu dc bng phng php ny c cha t 10 -30 % Rotundin. - Ta ny c tinh ch bng cch ha tan nng trong cn cao 90- 96%, ty mu bng than hot. kt tinh 24 gi ti nhit phng. Lc hoc vy ly tinh th. Sy nhit 6070 % thu c rotundin tinh khit. 8. Chit xut strychnin sulfat. Chun b dc liu; ht m tin sau khi chn c loi tt sy kh 60-800 C em xay thnh bt th. Kim ha : bt ht m tin trn u vi dung dch nc sa vi ( 1: 1) , o k cho n khi to thnh bt nho. Vun thnh ng ri khong 24h. Sau o trn u lm ti v lm kh. Chit xut : Chit nng 90- 1000 C , bng phng php ngc dng gin on c khuy trn. Dung mi l du ha ( time = 1,5 -2h/ ln ty k )

Tin hnh chit: np bt dc liu kim ha vo thit b chit, dung mi, khuy trn dung mi. Cp nhit m bo nhit chit khong 100 0 C. Rt dch chit sau khi chit thi gian qui dnh Tinh ch ;
- Acid ha to mui sulfat tan trong nc ca alc: cho dung dch H2SO4 3 % vo thit b phn

ly c khuy ng dch chit va rt ra. Khuy 10 pht 2 pha tip xc tt vi nhau. yn phn lp. Gn ring dung mi , thu hi dung mi chit m sau( kim ha, khuy k, pH= 6-7, lng, gn b cn ) Pha acid tch ra a vo x l tip.
- Kim ha to ta alc ton phn: lp nc acid trn c trung ha bng Na2CO3 n

pH=10- 11 alc ton phn s kt ta, lc ta bng phu buchner, ra ta 3 ln, mi ln 1 lng nc va ngp ta, lc b nc ci v nc ra. -To mui nitrat ca alc Nguyn tc loi Brucin: to mui nitrat ca alc ti pH= 4-4,5. strychnin nitrat kt tinh. Th brucin: nh vi git HNO3 c vo tinh th, nu c th s thy c mu hng. Tin hnh: ha ta vo nc ( nc ngp ta, un trong ni cch thy) va khuy va nh dn HNO3 cho en khi ta tan ht v pH= 4-4.5( nu cha tan ht th cho thm nc, nu dung dch long th c bt ). kt tinh qua m, lc qua phu, ra 3 ln bng nc lnh thu c tinh th hnh kim.
- Ty mu bng than hot : ha ta vo nc, un cch thy v khuy. Sau thm than hot

vo, khuy 10 pht. Lc nng. - To sn phm strychnin sulfat: Chuyn sang dng base: kim ha dch lc bng Na2CO3 bo ha, va nh, va khuy cho n ht si bt v pH= 10-11. ngui cho kt ta ( 30 pht) . Lc ly ta base, ra bng nc. Chuyn sang dng mui sulfat: Cho thm ta trn 1 lng vo nc, un cch thy, va khuy va nh dung dch H2SO4 3 % vo v chnh pH= 4-4,5. ngui kt tinh. Lc ly tinh

th , ra, sau ht kit nc v sy 60-70 0C trong 100- 150 pht ( o ti sy nhanh). Nc ci sau khi lc tp trung thu hi strychnin. 9. Phng php chit xut artermisinin L THHV c phi kh, xay tho v np vo ni chit. Dung mi chit l xng cng nghip v n- hexan ( 5: 1). Chit nhit d 30- 50 0C, thi gian chit 3h. Chit 3 ln, dch chit 1 ,2 em c thu hi dung mi, dch chit 3 s dng lm dung mi chit m khc. Dch chit 1 c n khi lng dch c c tng ng lng dc liu, dch chit 2 c n khi bng 1/5 lng dch c c 1. Dch c c c rt ra, kt tinh trong 24h, astermisinin s ln sp. Loi dung dch bng cch gn, loi sp bng nhit v xng nng thu c artemisinin th khng ln sp. C th kim tra sp bng cch ha artemisinin th vo aceton, dung dch trong l ht sp. Artermisinin th c ha trong cn si, thm than hot, v un si 20 p vi sinh hn hi lu, lc nng loi than hot v kt tinh nhit thng 24h. Vy ly tm, ra tinh th bng cn v sy 80 oC.
10. Chit xut rutin t hoa he

Chit bng dung dich kim : gi dp, ra bng HCl 0,5 % ri ra bng nc cho ht axit, chit bng dung dch Na2CO3 1% hoc natri borat 1-3 %. Rt dch chit ra v tip tc chit cho n khi ht rutin ( 3-4 ln) . Gp dch chit li, dng HCl iu chnh pH= 2 ta c rutin kt ta, lc. Tinh ch: ra ta bng nc n pH = 4-5, ha tan, kt tinh li trong cn. Chit bng nc : Nc si : 1 lt ha tan 5g rutin, nc 20oC 1 lt ha tan 0,13g rutin. V vy chit bng nc nng ri ngui rutin ta, nhng hiu sut thp. Chit bng cn: dng cn 90o chit. un si hoa he trong 2h. Rt dch chit, ct thu hi cn. Ta thu c rutin ta, lm vi ln n ht rutin. Kt tinh li trong cn, ty mu bng than hot. Hiu sut cao , t l 20-30 %