Do An Tot Nghiep Dai Hoc

HC VIN K THUT QUN S
H V TN: MAI LM IU
KHA: 13
H O TO: CHNH QUY (VB2)
N TT NGHIP I HC
CHUYN NGNH: K THUT IU KHIN V T NG HA
THIT K CUNG CP IN NI THT

CHO NH CAO TNG
NM 2012
HC VIN K THUT QUN S
H V TN: MAI LM IU
KHA: 13
H O TO: CHNH QUY (VB2)
N TT NGHIP I HC
NGNH: IN IN T
M S: 20.00
THIT K CUNG CP IN NI THT

CHO NH CAO TNG
Cn b hng dn khoa hc: I T, GVC, ThS V VIT THNG
NM 2012
2
B QUC PHNG
HC VIN KTQS
KHOA: in in t
CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp T do Hnh phc
------------
Ph chun
Ngy thng .nm..
CH NHIM KHOA
mt:.
S:
NHIM V N TT NGHIP
H v tn: Mai Lm iu
Lp: KT K13
Ngnh: in in t
Chuyn ngnh: KT
Kha: 13
1. Tn ti
Thit k h thng cung cp in cho nh cao tng Cha H Vnh
Yn Vnh Phc
2. Cc s liu ban u
Mt bng cp in v thng tin i tng t tm hiu
3. Ni dung bn thuyt minh
M u
Chng 1: H thng cung cp in ni tht cho nh cao tng
Chng 2: Xc nh ph ti tnh ton
Chng 3: Xy dng phng n cung cp in
Chng 4: Tnh chn cc thit b in
Chng 5: Cc bin php an ton in
4. S lng, ni dung cc bn v (ghi r loi, kch thc v cch thc

hin cc bn v) v cc sn phm c th nu c.
3 bn v A0
5. Cn b hng dn (ghi r h tn, cp bc, chc v, n v, hng
dn ton b hay tng phn)
GVC, ThS V Vit Thng hng dn ton b
Ngy giao: 05/12/2011
Ngy hon thnh: 05/03/2012

H ni, ngy 05 thng 03 nm 2012
Ch nhim b mn
Cn b hng dn
(k, ghi r h tn, hc hm, hc v)
GVC, ThS V Vit Thng
Hc vin thc hin

hon thnh v np n ngy 05 thng 03 nm 2012
(k v ghi r h tn)
Mai Lm iu
MC LC
LI M U.....4
CHNG 1: H THNG CUNG CP IN NI THT CHO NH
CAO TNG5
1.1/ Gii thiu chung..5
1.2/ Nhng yu cu chung trong thit k mt d n cung cp in...5
1.3/ c im cp in cho nh cao tng...6
1.3.1/ p ng tt v cht lng in7
1.3.2/ tin cy cp in cao7
1.3.3/ m bo an ton in..7
1.3.4/ m bo ph hp v kinh t8
1.4/ Phn loi h tiu th in8
1.5/ Tng quan v ta nh chung c cao tng Cha H Vnh Yn,
Vnh Phc...9
CHNG 2: XC NH PH TI TNH TON CA TA NH18
2.1/ Ph ti ng lc chung..18
2.1.1/ H thng thang my18
2.1.2/ H thng bm nc19
2.2/ Ph ti chiu sng chung...21
2.3/ Ph ti chiu sng phng my bm, nh xe, kho, trm in, phng
v sinh tng 1, phng bo v.23
2.4/ Ph ti cc tng cn h..25
2.4.1/ Ph ti cc cn h tng 1....26
2.4.2/ Ph ti cc cn h tng 2....32
2.5/ Ph ti ca c ta nh....56
CHNG 3: XY DNG PHNG N CUNG CP IN..58
3.1/ Thit lp mt bng cp in cho cc cn h..58

3.1.1/ Mc ch thit k cp in ni tht...58
3.1.2/ Yu cu v cc bc thit k cp in ni tht58
3.2/ Thit k s nguyn l ca h thng cung cp in...59
3.3/ i dy trong nh62
3.4/ S mt bng cp in cc cn h..64
3.5/ Chn cng sut ca my pht in70
CHNG 4: TNH CHN V KIM TRA DY DN, THIT B
IN.71
4.1/ Chn dy dn, dy cp trong h thng cung cp in.71
4.1.1/ Chn tit din dy dn t bng in chnh ca tng cn h n
tng thit b in 1 pha.....71
4.1.2/ Chn tit din dy dn t t in nhm dn n mi cn h
(bng in chnh)..71
4.1.3/ Chn tit din dy dn t in nhm n t in tng...71
4.1.4/ Chn tit din dy dn t t phn phi trm in n mi
tng...72
4.1.5 Chn tit din dy dn n h thng thang my.72
4.1.6/ Chn tit din dy dn n phng my bm..73
4.1.7/ Chn tit din dy dn cho mng chiu sng chung..73
4.2/ Chn Aptomat...74
4.2.1/ Chn Aptomat tng....75
4.2.2/ Chn Aptomat cho mch ng lc.....75
4.2.3/ Chn Aptomat cho mch sinh hot....76
4.2.4/ Chn Aptomat cho mch chiu sng chung...77
CHNG 5: CC BIN PHP AN TON IN.79
5.1/ Ni t...79
6
5.1.1/ Mc ch ca vic ni t.......................................................79

5.1.2/ Ni t bo v.........................................................................79
5.1.3/ Ni t hnh li.80
5.1.4/ Ni t lp li..81
5.1.5/ Tnh ton ni t.81
5.2/ Chng st.......................................................................................83
5.2.1/ Hin tng st.83
5.2.2/ Hu qu ca phng in st....83
5.2.3/ Chng st....84
5.3/ Cc dng c dng sa cha thit b in..90
5.4/ Cc bin php tit kim in hng ngy92
KT LUN...95
TI LIU THAM KHO96
LI M U
Ngy nay, nn kinh t nc ta ang pht trin mnh m, i sng
nhn dn cng c nng cao nhanh chng. Cng nghip in lc gi vai
tr rt quan trng trong cng cuc xy dng t nc. Nhu cu in nng
trong cc lnh vc cng nghip, nng nghip, dch v v sinh hot tng
trng khng ngng. Mt lc lng ng o cn b k thut trong ngnh
in lc ang tham gia thit k, lp t cc cng trnh cp in. Vic trang
b nhng kin thc v h thng cung cp in nhm phc v cho nhu cu
sinh hot ca con ngi, cung cp in nng cho cc thit b ca khu vc
kinh t, cc khu ch xut, cc x nghip l rt cn thit.
Thit k h thng cung cp in l vic lm kh. Mt cng trnh in
d nh nht cng yu cu kin thc tng hp t hng lot chuyn ngnh
hp (cung cp in, thit b in, k thut cao p, an ton, ). Ngoi ra,
ngi thit k cn phi c s hiu bit nht nh v x hi, v mi trng,
v i tng cp in. Cng trnh thit k qu d tha s gy lng ph t
ai, nguyn vt liu. Cng trnh thit k sai (hoc do thiu hiu bit, hoc
do li nhun) s gy ra hu qu khn lng: gy s c mt in, gy chy
n lm thit hi n tnh mng v ti sn ca ngi dn.
T thc tin trn em chn ti thit k cung cp in ni tht
cho nh cao tng, vi s hng dn ca i t, GVC, ThS V Vit
Thng. Tuy nhin, do kinh nghim thc t cha nhiu nn trong qu trnh
thc hin ti s khng trnh khi thiu st. Em cm n, ghi nhn mi
kin gp ca tt c cc thy c gio v em chn thnh cm n thy gio
i t, GVC, ThS V Vit Thng hng dn em hon thnh ti ny.
H Ni, ngy 5 thng 03 nm 2012
Sinh vin thc hin
Mai Lm iu
8
CHNG 1: H THNG CUNG CP IN NI THT

CHO NH CAO TNG
1.1/ Gii thiu chung
Trong cc th ln, do c tc th ho cao, dn s y ngy
mt tng nhanh, cc cng trnh giao thng i hi ngy cng m rng din
tch t th ngy cng b thu hp.V vy vic pht trin nh chung c
cao tng l mt khuynh hng tt yu gii quyt gnh nng nh cho
ngi dn. c im cung cp in cho cc nh cao tng l lp t trong
khng gian cht hp, mt ph ti cao, yu cu cao v tin cy, an ton
v m thut.
1.2/ Nhng yu cu chung trong thit k mt d n cung cp in
Thit k h thng cung cp in nh mt tng th v la chn cc
phn t ca h thng sao cho cc phn t ny p ng c cc yu cu k
thut, vn hnh an ton v kinh t. Trong mc tiu chnh l m bo cho
h tiu th lun y in nng vi cht lng cao.
Trong qu trnh thit k in mt phung n c cho l ti u khi n
tho mn cc yu cu sau:
- Tnh kh thi cao;
- Vn u t nh;
- m bo tin cy cung cp in tu theo mc tnh cht ph
ti;
- Chi ph vn hnh hng nm thp;
- m bo an ton cho ngi dng v thit b;
- Thun tin cho vic bo dng v sa cha;
m bo cht lng in, nht l m bo lch v dao ng in

p nh nht v nm trong gii hn cho php so vi in p nh mc.
Ngoi ra khi thit k cng cn phi ch n cc yu cu pht trin
trong tng lai, gim ngn thi gian thi cng lp t v tnh m quan ca
cng trnh.
1.3/ c im cp in cho nh cao tng
Hin nay trn a bn cc thnh ph ln ca nc ta xut hin cc
ta nh cao tng dng lm vn phng, khch sn hay cc trung tm thng
mi, khu chung c cao tng. Cc ta nh ny c thit k v thi cng theo
cc tiu chun k thut tin tin.
H thng cp in nh cao tng c cc c im sau:
- Ph ti phong ph v a dng;
- Mt ph ti tng i cao;
- Lp t trong khng gian cht hp;
- C cc h thng cp ngun d phng nh c quy, my pht
- Khng gian lp t hn ch v tha mn cc yu cu m thut
trong kin trc xy dng;
- Yu cu cao v ch lm vic, an ton cho ngi s dng v
thit b;
i vi cc ta nh cao tng th qu trnh thit k cp in lun nh
hng tun theo nhng yu cu v c im trn. Thit k cp in cho ta
nh chung c cao tng l mt cng vic phc tp, m bo yu cu
v s lng, cht lng in cng nh nhng vn lin quan khc, ngi
k s thit k phi c trang b tt kin thc v nhng yu cu sau:
10
1.3.1/ p ng tt v cht lng in

Khi i sng kinh t, vn ha x hi ngy cng nng cao, cc thit b
in phc v nhu cu gii tr v sinh hot ca con ngi ngy cng phong
ph, a dng v hin i dn n nhu cu s dng nng lng in ngy
cng ln. Cht lng in c nh gi thng qua hai ch tiu l tn s v
in p. Nhim v ca ngi thit k l tnh ton m bo cht lng in
p cho cc thit b dng in, v n nh hng trc tip n vic vn hnh
v tui th ca cc thit b.
1.3.2/ tin cy cp in cao
L mt ta nh chung c phc v cho nhu cu n v sinh hot ca
cc h dn, mt dn s ca ta nh cao. Nu xy ra tnh trng mt in
s gy ln xn, mt trt t, mt v sinh, nh n sinh hot ca cc h dn
trong ta nh. V vy, cung cp in phi m bo lin tc, trnh tnh trng
gin on. Nu c s c mt in cn phi gii quyt mt cch nhanh
chng rt ngn nht thi gian mt in m bo sinh hot ca cc h
trong ta nh.
1.3.3/ m bo an ton in
H thng cung cp in phi c tnh an ton cao bo v ngi vn
hnh, ngi s dng v bo v cho cc thit b in. V vy, phi chn s
, cch i dy phi r rng trnh trng hp vn hnh nhm, tnh ton
la chn dy dn v kh c ng ct chnh xc. Chn thit b ng tnh
nng s dng, ph hp vi cp in p v dng in lm vic.
Ngoi vic tnh ton chnh xc, la chn ng cc thit b v kh c
in cn phi nm c cc quy nh v an ton in, hiu r v mi
trng v c im cp in, phi c ch dn, cnh bo nhng ni nguy
him cao nng cao thc ca ngi s dng.
11
1.3.4/ m bo ph hp v kinh t
Khi thit k thng a ra nhiu phng n la chn gii quyt
mt vn nh dn in bng ng dy trn khng hay cp ngm, c nn
t my pht d phng khng, mi phng n s c u nhc im
ring. V vy, thit k cung cp in sao cho va m bo nhu cu s dng
in li va hp l v kinh t. nh gi kinh t k thut ca phng n cp
in gm 2 i lng chnh: vn u t ban u v chi ph vn hnh.
Ngoi nhng yu cu trn, ty theo iu kin c th ca tng ta nh
nh iu kin kh hu t nhin, v tr a l, mc ch s dng, ngi
thit k cn ch n: tnh thm m, tnh hin i, d s dng, d pht
trin trong tng lai
1.4/ Phn loi h tiu th in
H tiu th in l tt c nhng thit b tiu th in nng v bin
thnh dng nng lng khc. Theo tin cy cung cp in chia lm 3 loi
h tiu th:
- H loi 1: L nhng h khi c s c, nu ngng cung cp in c th
gy ra nhng hu qu nguy him n tnh mng ca con ngi, thit hi v
kinh t dn n h hng thit b, c th nh hng n chnh tr, h
loi 1 c tin cy cung cp in cao, thng dng 2 ngun nhm hn ch
n mc thp nht vic mt in. Thi gian mt in bng thi gian t
ng ngun 2 (ngun d tr).
V d: Phng m, cc phng iu tr c bit trong bnh vin, cc trung
tm hi ngh quc gia, quc t, cc chng trnh truyn hnh trc tip cc
chng trnh ln, nh my ha cht, sn bay, bn cng, vn phng chnh
ph, Quc hi, cc l luyn thp, h thng raa qun s,
12
- H loi 2: L nhng h nu ngng cung cp in th s gy thit hi

v kinh t, hng sn phm, lng ph sc lao ng, Cung cp in h
loi ny thng dng ngun d phng hoc khng c. iu ny cn ph
thuc vo vic so snh vn u t v gi tr thit hi kinh t do ngng cung
cp in.
V d: Cc phn xng c kh, x nghip cng nghip, nh my thc phm,
khch sn ln, trm bm ti tiu,
- H loi 3: L nhng h cn li, cho php cung cp in vi mc
tin cy thp, cho php mt in trong thi gian sa cha nhng khng qu
1 ngy m. Thng thng h loi 3 cung cp in t 1 ngun.
1.5/ Tng quan v ta nh chung c cao tng Cha H Vnh Yn,
Vnh Phc.
L mt ta nh chung c trong khu lin hp cc ta nh chung c cao
tng v cc khu dch v. Ta nh c xy dng trn din tch khong
1500m2, gm c 7 tng.
- Tng 1: S dng vi chc nng hn hp bao gm: 3 snh, 6 cn h,
3 phng bo v, 6 phng v sinh chung, h nc, nh xe, trm in,
phng my bm v nh kho.
+ Cn h 101: Din tch 111,6 m2
Gm: phng khch, bp, 2 phng ng, phng v sinh.
+ Cn h 102 106: Din tch 111,6 m2
Gm: phng khch, bp, 2 phng ng, phng v sinh, phng tm.
+ H nc: Din tch 113,4 m2
+ Nh xe: Din tch 454,11 m2
+ Trm in: Din tch 31,49 m2
13
+ Phng my bm: Din tch 10,64 m2

+ Nh kho: Din tch 3,135 m2
+ 3 snh: Din tch mi snh 25,2 m2
+ 6 phng v sinh
S mt bng tng 1 (hnh 1.1)
tin cho vic tnh ton v thit k ta v li s mt bng dng
n gin quy nh tn cc cn h (hnh 1.2)
14
HNH 1.1: S MT BNG TNG 1

15
Trm
in
Nh xe
H nc
P my
bm
Snh 1
103
TB
TM
TB
104
P bo v
Snh 2
105
TM
Hnh lang
P bo
v
102
Hnh lang
Hnh lang
101
TB
TM
kho
WC
WC
WC
106
P bo v
Snh 3
HNH 1.2: S MT BNG TNG 1

16
- Tng 2 7: gm cc cn h, c bn ging nhau v kin trc. Mi

tng gm c 18 cn h.
+ Cn h 201, 209, 210 v 218:
Din tch: 100,35 m2
Gm: phng khch, 2 phng ng, phng bp, phng tm, phng v
sinh v ban cng.
+ Cn h 202, 205 v 208:
Din tch: 31,2 m2
Gm: phng khch, phng ng, phng bp v phng v sinh.
+ Cn h 203:
Din tch: 91,8 m2
Gm: phng khch, 2 phng ng, phng bp, phng v sinh v ban
cng.
+ Cn h 204 v 215:
Din tch: 91,35 m2
cng.
+ Cn h 206, 207:
Din tch: 95,04 m2
cng.
+ Cn h 211, 214 v 217:
Din tch: 40,2 m2
17
Gm: phng khch, phng ng, phng bp, 1phng v sinh v 1 ban
cng.
+ Cn h 212 v 213:
Din tch: 83,79 m2
cng.
+ Cn h 216:
Din tch: 80,55 m2
cng.
S mt bng tng 2 7 (hnh 1.3)
tin cho vic tnh ton v thit k ta v li s mt bng dng
n gin quy nh tn cc cn h (hnh 1.4)
18
HNH 1.3: S MT BNG TNG 2 7

19
217
214
216
218
212
T
B
T
M
210
T
B
L trng
L trng
T
M
Hnh lang
L trng
203
202
Hnh lang
Hnh lang
201
213
215
T
B
T
M
211
209
204
206
207
205
208
HNH 1.4: S MT BNG TNG 2 7

20
Trong ta nh c nhiu ph ti in c chia lm 2 nhm:

- Ph ti chung ca ta nh: Thang my, my bm nc, n chiu
sng hnh lang, chiu sng cu thang b v snh.
- Ph ti trong cc cn h: Tivi, t lnh, iu ha nhit , bnh nng
lnh, my git, qut in, n chiu sng,
Cn c vo cc loi ph ti, mc thit yu s dng v phn loi h
tiu th in c th phn loi h tiu th in ca ta nh nh sau:
- H loi 1: L cc thit b chiu sng s c nh hnh lang, cu thang
thot him. Yu cu phi cp in lin tc khi c s c xy ra.
- H loi 2: L h thng phng chy cha chy, thang my, trm bm,
nh xe. Yu cu mc cp in cao, khi xy ra s c mt in phi kp
thi khc phc.
- H loi 3: L cc cn h, yu cu thi gian mt in khng qu 12h.
21
CHNG 2: XC NH PH TI TNH TON CA

TA NH
2.1/ Ph ti ng lc chung
Vic xc nh ph ti tnh ton gip ta xc nh c tit din dy dn
n tng t ng lc, cng nh n tng thit b, gip ta chn s lng
cng nh cng sut my bin p ca ta nh, tnh chn cc thit b bo v ..
Nguyn tc chung xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca h thng l tnh t
thit b in ngc tr v ngun.
Cc ph ti ng lc trong ta nh bao gm:
- H thng thang my
- H thng bm nc sinh hot v bm nc cu ha
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ng lc chung:
2.1.1/ H thng thang my
Cng sut t ca thang my c xc nh theo cng thc:
P TM =
m.v.k .9,81
e.1000
Vi:
- m: l ti trng thang my c th chu c
- v: vn tc ca thang my
- k: l h s ly t 40% 60%, ly k = 50%
- e: l h s ly t 60 % 70%, ly e = 65%
Ta quy i cng sut ca thang my v ch lm vic di hn theo cng
thc:
22
PTM = P TM .
Trong : l h s tip in
Theo bn v thit k c 3 thang my, mi thang my chu ti trng 900 kg,
vn tc 1,5 m/s.
Cng sut t ca thang l:
P TM =
900.1,5.50.9,81
= 10 kW
65.1000
Ta chn thang my c cng sut 10kW, vi h s tip in = 0,8

Cng sut ca thang my quy i v ch lm vic di hn:
PTM = 10. 0.8 = 8,94 kW
Tng cng sut tnh ton ca h thng thang my l:
PTM = knc . 3PTM
knc: H s nhu cu
Tra bng 2 - H s nhu cu vi nh c thang my
Trang 732, sch Cung cp in Nguyn Xun Ph, Nguyn Cng Hin,
Nguyn Bi Khu
Chung c c 7 tng v s thang my l 3 => chn knc = 0,7
PTM = 0,7.3.8,94 = 18,77 kW
2.1.2/ H thng bm nc
H thng bm nc b tr mt trm bm nc din tch 10,64 m2 t
tng 1, y l trm bm t chung cho c my bm nc sinh hot v
my bm nc cu ha.
Cng sut tnh ton cho trm bm c tnh theo cng thc:
23
PBN = knc.Pi
Vi: knc = ksd +
1 k sd
nMB
Pi: cng sut t ca my bm th i

- Bm nc sinh hot cung cp nc cho 3 b nc sinh hot trn
tng sn thng vi tng th tch 75m3. Yu cu mi ngy bm 2,5 gi l
y b.
D kin t 2 my bm EBARA ca Nht c cng sut t PSH = 5,5 kW
Mi my bm c lu lng Q = 15 m3/h v ct p ti a H = 63m. Nh
vy, trong 2,5 gi c 2 my bm c th bm c lng nc: V =
2.15.2,5 = 75m3. Nh vy p ng c vi chung c ny.
- Bm nc cu ha ln b tng thng vi th tch 30m3, vi yu cu
bm 1 gi l y b.
D kin t 1 my bm EBARA ca Nht c cng sut t PCH = 11 kW,
c th bm ln c 33m3 trong 1 gi, ct p ti a 63,5 m. Nh vy m
bo c yu cu bm nc cu ha cho ta nh.
Tra bng 2-2. Gi tr trung bnh ksd v cos ca cc nhm thit b in
Trang 253, sch Thit k cp in ca Ng Hng Quang v V Vn Tm
Chn ksd = 0,65
H s nhu cu ca trm bm l:
knc = ksd +
1 k sd
nMB
= 0,65 +
1 0.65
= 0,85
3
Tng cng sut tnh ton trm bm bao gm c h s ng thi cc my

bm
Tra bng 2-1. Cc h s tnh ton ca cc nhm thit b in
24
Trang 616, sch Cung cp in in Nguyn Xun Ph, Nguyn Cng

Hin, Nguyn Bi Khu
Chn kt = 0,9
Cng sut tnh ton ca trm bm l:
PttTrB = knc . kt . (2PSH + PCH) = 0,85.0,9. (2.5,5 + 11) = 16,83 kW
Do cc thit b in ca ph ti ng lc chung lm vic ch ngn hn
ta chn kt = 0,85
Tng cng sut ca ph ti tnh ton ca ph ti ng lc chung:
PttL = kt(PttTrB + PTM) = 0,85.(16,83 + 18,77) = 35,6 kW
2.2/ Ph ti chiu sng chung
Ph ti chiu sng chung gm chiu sng cho snh chung tng 1, cu
thang b, thang my v chiu sng hnh lang.
Tra bng PL I.2 Sut ph ti chiu sng cho cc khu vc
Trang 253, sch Thit k cp in Ng Hng Quang, V Vn Tm
Ta chn sut ph ti chiu sng cho hnh lang l P0 = 5 W/m2
- Chiu sng snh:
Snh tng 1 gm 3 snh mi snh din tch: 25,2 m2
PCS = P0.S = 5.25,2 = 126 W
Chn chiu sng snh l n bn cu c cng sut Pden = 40 W. Vy s
bng n cn lp t snh l:
N=
PCS
126
=
= 3,15
Pden
40
Vy s bng n cn lp t mi snh l 3 bng, cng sut tng ca c 3

snh l: PCSsanh = 3.3.40 = 360 W = 0,36 kW
25
- Chiu sng cho hnh lang:

Hnh lang tng 1 7: 1 tng c 3 khu hnh lang, din tch mi hnh
lang l: 28,24 m2
PCS = P0.S = 5.28,24 = 141,2 W
Chn chiu sng hnh lang l n bn cu c cng sut Pden = 40 W. Vy s
bng n cn lp t hnh lang l:
N=
PCS
141,2
=
= 3,53
40
Pden
Vy s bng n cn lp t mi hnh lang l 4 bng, cng sut tng ca

c 3 hnh lang mi tng l: PCS = 4.3.40 = 480 W = 0,48 kW
Tng cng sut chiu sng hnh lang ca c 7 tng l:
PCS HL = 0,48.7 = 3,36 kW
- Chiu sng cho cu thang:
3 bung thang my mi bung lp t 1 n bn cu 40W.
PCSTM = 3.40 = 120 W = 0,12 kW
thang b mi tng lp t 1 bng n bn cu, s n bn cu
thang b l 7.3 = 21 bng.
PCSTB = 3.7.40 = 840 W = 0,84 kW
Vy cng sut chiu sng cho cu thang l:
PCSCT = 0,12 + 0,84 = 0,96 kW
Ly h s ng thi cho nhm ph ti chiu sng chung kt = 0,8
Tng cng sut ph ti tnh ton chiu sng chung:
PttCSC = 0,8(PCSSanh + PCSCT + PCSHL) = 0,8(0,36 + 0,96 + 3,36) = 3,74 kW
26
2.3/ Ph ti chiu sng phng my bm, nh xe, kho, trm in, phng
v sinh tng 1, phng bo v.
Tra bng PL I.2 Sut ph ti chiu sng cho cc khu vc
Trang 253, sch Thit k cp in Ng Hng Quang, V Vn Tm
Ta chn sut ph ti chiu sng cho phng my bm, kho, trm bin p,
phng bo v l P0 = 7 W/m2
Chn chiu sng bng n ng hunh quang di 1,2m cng sut 40W.
- Phng my bm: Din tch: 11,2m
PCS = 11,2.7 = 78,4W
N=
PCS
78,4
=
= 1,96
40
Pden
Vy s bng n cn lp l 2 bng.
Cng sut chiu sng phng my bm l: PCSMB = 2.40 = 80W = 0,08 kW
- Kho: Din tch 3,135 m2
Lp t 1 bng, PCSKho = 40W = 0,04kW.
- Nh xe: nh xe c din tch 454,11 m2
Chn P0 = 5W
PCS = 454,11.5 = 2270,55 W
N=
PCS
2270,55
=
= 56,76
Pden
40
Cng sut chiu sng nh xe l: PCSNX = 57.40 = 2280W = 2,28 kW
- Trm in: Din tch 31,49
27
PCS = 7.31,49 = 220,43 W

N=
PCS
220,43
=
= 5,5
40
Pden
Cng sut chiu sng trm in l: PCSTr = 6.40 = 240W = 0,24 kW
- 6 phng v sinh: Lp t mi phng 1 n bn cu.
PWC = 0,04.6 = 0,24 kW
- 3 Phng bo v: din tch mi phng 11,13 m2
PCS = 11,13.7 = 77,91 W
N=
PCS
77,91
=
= 1,94
40
Pden
Lp t mi phng, 2 cm i, 2 n hunh quang, mt qut trn.
Tng hp cc thit b in nh sau:
STT
1.
2.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
S
LNG
P (kW)
Qut trn
n hunh quang
0,15
0,04
3
6
0,45
0,24
PP.BV = 0,45 + 0,24 = 0,69 kW

Tng cng sut ph ti tnh ton vi h s ng thi kt = 0,8 l:
PttCT1 = 0,8(0,08 + 0,04 + 2,28 + 0,24 + 0,24 + 0,69) = 2,85 kW
28
2.4/ Ph ti cc tng cn h
chung c ny, trong cc cn h ta chn chiu sng bng n ng
hunh quang, cng sut 40W, quang thng F = 3350 lm, in p 220V, di
1,2m, hng sn xut l in Quang.
Tra bng 18.pl.BT. ri yu cu ca mt s im chiu sng
Trang 458, sch bi tp cung cp in TS Trn Quang Khnh.
Chn Eyc = 150 lx
Theo Phng php tnh gn ng i vi n ng:
Phng gi l rng, khi
a
4
H0
Phng gi l va, khi
a
=2
H0
Phng gi l hp, khi
a
1
H0
Tng cng sut ca n: P = 30,8
Pden .S .E
S 0 .Fden
S n c xc nh theo biu thc: n =
P
1,25.Pden
Trong : a l chiu rng, H0 l chiu cao ca phng.

Ngoi vic tnh ton c th cho cc thit b ly in t cm nh: tivi,
t lnh, my git, ni cm in, ta d kin thm mi cn h c P cm =
2000W cho cc thit b cm ngoi khc nh: my sy tc, my vi tnh, m
un nc, qut cy, qut bn, ty vo iu kin ca tng gia nh.
29
2.4.1/ Ph ti cc cn h tng 1
+ Cn h 101: Din tch 111,6 m2
Gm: 1 phng khch, bp, 2 phng ng, 1 phng v sinh.
- Phng khch: Din tch: 37,8 m2
T s:
a
4,5
=
= 1,5
H0
3
Tra bng 13-50. Din tch S0 theo iu kin tnh ton chun
Nguyn Bi Khu
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.37,8.150
= 30,8
= 221,8 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
221,8
=
= 4,4
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
Vy s lng n cn lp l 4 bng.
Cng sut chiu sng phng khch l: PCSPK = 4.40 = 160W = 0,16 kW
Lp 3 cm i, 4 n hunh quang, qut trn v thit b cm ngoi ti vi.
Tng hp cc thit b in c trong phng khch nh sau:
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
4
1
1
P (kW)
0,16
0,15
0,1
0,41
S thit b in trong phng cng nhiu th Kt cng nh, Kt = 0,7 0,9.

PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,41 = 0,37 kW
30
- Phng ng 1: Din tch: 28,4 m2

T s:
a
4
= = 1,3
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.28,4.150
= 30,8
= 166,6 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
166,6
=
= 3,3
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
Cng sut chiu sng phng ng 1 l: PCSPN1 = 3.40 = 120W = 0,12 kW
Lp t 2 cm i, 3 n hunh quang, iu ha v thit b cm ngoi ti
vi.
Tng hp cc thit b in c trong phng ng 1 nh sau:
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
3
1
1
P (kW)
0,12
1,5
0,1
1,72
PttPN1 = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,72 = 1,55 kW

- Phng ng 2: Din tch: 18,9 m2
T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
31
S lng n: n =
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
Cng sut chiu sng phng ng 2 l: PCSPN2 = 2.40 = 80W = 0,08 kW
vi.
Tng hp cc thit b in c trong phng ng 2 nh sau:
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
P (kW)
2
1
1
0,08
1,5
0,1
1,68
PttPN2 = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,68 = 1,5 kW

- Khu vc bp: Din tch: 18,9 m2
T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
Cng sut chiu khu vc bp l: PCSBep = 2.40 = 80W = 0,08 kW
Lp t 2 cm i, 2 n hunh quang v thit b cm ngoi l ni cm
in, t lnh.
32
Tng hp cc thit b in c trong phng bp nh sau:

STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,75
1,5
2,33
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

- Phng v sinh: lp t 1 cm i, 1 n bn cu, bnh nng lnh,
my git v qut ht
STT
1.
2.
3.
4.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n bn cu
0,04
Bnh nng lnh
2,5
Qut ht
0,02
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
1
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,04
2,5
0,02
0,15
2,71
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,71 = 2,5 kW

Cng sut ph ti tnh ton cho cn h 101 l:
Ptt101 = Kt . (PttPK + PttPN1 + PttPN2 + PttPB + PttWC + POC)
= 0,7.( 0,37 + 1,55 + 1,5 + 2,1 + 2,5 + 2) = 7 kW
Ptt101 = 7 kW
+ Cn h 102 106: Din tch 111,6 m2
Cn h 102:
Gm: 1 phng khch, bp, 2 phng ng, 1 phng v sinh v 1 phng
tm.
33
T s:
a
4,5
=
= 1,5
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.37,8.150
= 30,8
= 221,8 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
221,8
P
=
= 4,4
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
4
1
1
P (kW)
0,16
0,15
0,1
0,41
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,41 = 0,37 kW

- 2 phng ng mi phng din tch: 18,9 m2
T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
34
Cng sut chiu sng phng ng l: PCSPN2 = 2.40 = 80W = 0,08 kW

Lp 2 cm i, 2 n hunh quang, iu ha v thit b cm ngoi ti vi.
Tng hp cc thit b in c trong phng ng nh sau:
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
S
LNG
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
1,5
0,1
1,68
PttPN1 = PttPN2 = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,68 = 1,5 kW

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2

S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
Cng sut chiu khu vc bp l: PCSB = 2.40 = 80W = 0,08 kW
in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,75
1,5
2,33
35
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

- Phng v sinh: lp t 1 cm i, 1 n bn cu v qut ht
- Phng tm: lp t 1 cm i, 1 n bn cu, bnh nng lnh v thit
b cm ngoi l 1 my git
STT
1.
2.
3.
4.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n bn cu
0,04
Bnh nng lnh
2,5
Qut ht
0,02
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
2,5
0,02
0,15
2,75
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

= 0,7.( 0,37 + 1,5 + 1,5 + 2,1 + 2,47 + 2) = 6,95 kW
Ptt102 = Ptt103 = Ptt104 = Ptt105 = Ptt106 = 6,95 kW
Cng sut ph ti tnh ton cc cn h tng 1:
PttCHTang1 = Kt(Ptt101 + Ptt102 + Ptt103 + Ptt104 + Ptt105 + Ptt106)
= 0,7(7 + 5.6,95) = 29,2 kW
2.4.2/ Ph ti cc cn h tng 2
+ Cn h 201, 209, 210 v 218: Din tch: 100,35 m2
Cn h 201:
Gm: 1 phng khch, 2 phng ng, 1 phng bp, 1 phng tm, 1
phng v sinh v 1 ban cng.
36

T s:
a
4,5
=
= 1,5
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.37,8.150
= 30,8
= 221,8 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
221,8
=
= 4,4
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
4
1
1
P (kW)
0,16
0,15
0,1
0,41
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,41 = 0,37 kW

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
110,9
P
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
37
Cng sut chiu sng phng ng l: PCSPN = 2.40 = 80W = 0,08 kW
vi.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
S
LNG
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
P (kW)
2
1
1
0,08
1,5
0,1
1,68

- Phng bp: din tch: 10,6 m2
T s:
a
2
= = 0,6
H0
3
Tra bng 13-50. Din tch S0 theo iu kin tnh ton chun
Nguyn Bi Khu
Chn S0 = 7,8 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.10,6.150
= 30,8
= 74,9 W
7,8.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
74,9
=
= 1,4
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
Cng sut chiu sng phng bp l: PCSPBep = 1.40 = 40W = 0,04 kW
38

in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,04
0,75
1,5
2,29
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,29 = 2 kW
- Phng tm: lp t 1 cm i, 1 bnh nng lnh v 1 n bn cu
- Phng v sinh: lp t 1 cm i, 1 qut ht v 1 n bn cu
- Ban cng: lp t 1 cm i, 1 n si t v thit b cm ngoi l 1
my git.
STT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n bn cu
0,04
Bnh nng lnh
2,5
Qut ht
0,02
n si t
0,04
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
2,5
0,02
0,04
0,15
2,79
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,79 = 2,5 kW

Ptt201 = Kt . (PttPK + PttPN1 + PttPN2 + PttPBep + PttWC + POC)
= 0,7.( 0,37 + 1,5 + 1,5 + 2 + 2,5 + 2) = 6,9 kW
Ptt201 = Ptt209 = Ptt210 = Ptt218 = 6,9 kW
39
+ Cn h 202, 205 v 208: Din tch: 31,2 m2

Cn h 202:
Gm: 1 phng khch, 1 phng ng, 1 phng bp v 1 phng v sinh.
- Phng khch: din tch: 15,6 m2
T s:
a
3
= =1
H0
3
Chn S0 = 7,8 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.15,6.150
= 30,8
= 110,3 W
7,8.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,3
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
STT
1.
1.
2.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,15
0,1
0,33
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,33 = 0,3 kW

- Phng ng: din tch: 9,6 m2
T s:
a
3
= =1
H0
3
Chn S0 = 7,8 m2
40

S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.9,6.150
= 30,8
= 67,89 W
7,8.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
67,89
=
= 1,3
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
vi.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
1,64
PttPN = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,64 = 1,47 kW

- Khu vc bp:
in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,04
0,75
1,5
2,29
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,29 = 2 kW
41
- Phng v sinh: lp t 1 cm i, 1 qut ht, 1 bnh nng lnh, 1 n

bn cu v thit b cm ngoi l my git.
STT
1.
2.
3.
4.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
S
LNG
n bn cu
0,04
Bnh nng lnh
2,5
Qut ht
0,02
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
1
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
2,5
0,02
0,15
2,75
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

Ptt202 = Kt . (PttPK + PttPN + PttPBep + PttWC + POC)
= 0,7.( 0,3 + 1,47 + 2 + 2,47 + 2) = 5,76 kW
Ptt202 = Ptt205 = Ptt208 = 5,76 kW
+ Cn h 203: Din tch: 91,8 m2
Gm: 1 phng khch, 2 phng ng, 1 phng bp, 1 phng v sinh v
1 ban cng.
T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
3
H0
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.28,35.150
= 30,8
= 166,37 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
166,37
=
= 3,3
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
42
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
3
1
1
P (kW)
0,12
0,15
0,1
0,37
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,37 = 0,33 kW

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
vi.
STT
1.
TN THIT B
n HQ
P (kW)
S
LNG
P (kW)
0,04
0,08
43
2.
3.
iu ha
Ti vi
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
1
1
1,5
0,1
1,68

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.16,02.150
= 30,8
= 94 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
94
=
= 1,8
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,75
1,5
2,33
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

- Ban cng: lp t 1 cm i, 1 n si t v thit b cm ngoi l
my git.
- Phng v sinh: lp t 1 cm i, 1 n bn cu, qut ht, bnh nng
lnh
44

STT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
S
LNG
n bn cu
0,04
n si t
0,04
Bnh nng lnh
2,5
Qut ht
0,02
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
1
1
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,04
0,04
2,5
0,02
0,15
2,75
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

S thit b in trong cn h cng nhiu th Kt cng nh, Kt = 0,7 0,9.
= 0,7.(0,33 + 1,5 + 1,5 + 2,1 + 2,47 + 2) = 6,9 kW
Ptt203 = 6,9 kW
+ Cn h 204 v 215: Din tch: 91,35 m2
Cn h 204:
1 ban cng.
T s:
a
4,5
=
= 1,5
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.27,9.150
= 30,8
= 163,7 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
163,7
=
= 3,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
45
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
3
1
1
P (kW)
0,12
0,15
0,1
0,37
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,37 = 0,33 kW

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
vi.
STT
1.
TN THIT B
n HQ
P (kW)
S
LNG
P (kW)
0,04
0,08
46
2.
3.
iu ha
Ti vi
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
1
1
1,5
0,1
1,68

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.16,02.150
= 30,8
= 94 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
94
=
= 1,8
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,75
1,5
2,33
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

my git.
lnh
47

STT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n bn cu
0,04
n si t
0,04
Bnh nng lnh
2,5
Qut ht
0,02
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
1
1
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,04
0,04
2,5
0,02
0,15
2,75
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

Ptt204 = Kt . (PttPK + PttPN1 + PttPN2 + PttPB + PttWC+ POC)
= 0,7.(0,33 + 1,5 + 1,5 + 2,1 + 2,47 + 2 ) = 6,9 kW
Ptt204 = Ptt215 = 6,9 kW
+ Cn h 206, 207: Din tch: 95,04 m2
Cn h 206:
1 ban cng.
T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
3
H0
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.28,35.150
= 30,8
= 166,37 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
166,37
=
= 3,3
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
48
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
3
1
1
P (kW)
0,12
0,15
0,1
0,37
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,37 = 0,33 kW

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
110,9
P
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
Lp 2 cm i, 2 n hunh quang, iu ha v thit b cm ngoi ti vi.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
1,5
0,1
1,68
49

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,75
1,5
2,33
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

my git.
lnh
STT
TN THIT B
P (kW)
S
LNG
P (kW)
50
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
n bn cu
0,04
n si t
0,04
Bnh nng lnh
2,5
Qut ht
0,02
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
1
1
1
1
1
0,04
0,04
2,5
0,02
0,15
2,75
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

Ptt206 = Kt . (PttPK + PttPN1 + PttPN2 + PttPB + PttWC+ POC)
= 0,7.(0,33 + 1,5 + 1,5 + 2,1 + 2,47 + 2) = 6,9 kW
Ptt206 = Ptt207 = 6,9 kW
+ Cn h 211, 214 v 217: Din tch: 40,2 m2
Cn h 211:
Gm: 1 phng khch, 1 phng ng, 1 phng bp, 1 nh v sinh v 1
ban cng.
- Phng khch: din tch: 15 m2
T s:
a
2,5
=
= 0,8
H0
3
Chn S0 = 7,8 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.15.150
= 30,8
= 88 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
88
=
= 1,7
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
51

STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,15
0,1
0,33
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,33 = 0,29 kW

T s:
a
3
= =1
H0
3
Chn S0 = 7,8 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.12,6.150
= 30,8
= 73,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
73,9
=
= 1,4
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
vi.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
1,64
52
PttPN = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,64 = 1,47 kW

T s:
a
3
= =1
H0
3
Chn S0 = 7,8 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.12,6.150
= 30,8
= 73,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
73,9
=
= 1,4
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
1
1
1
P (kW)
0,04
0,75
1,5
2,29
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,29 = 2 kW
- Ban cng: lp t 1 c cm i, 1 n si t v thit b cm ngoi l
my git
- Phng v sinh: lp t 1 cm i, qut ht, 1 bnh nng lnh, 1 n
bn cu.
STT
TN THIT B
P (kW)
S
LNG
P (kW)
53
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
n bn cu
0,04
n si t
0,04
Bnh nng lnh
2,5
Qut ht
0,02
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
1
1
1
1
1
0,04
0,04
2,5
0,02
0,15
2,75
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

Ptt211 = Kt . (PttPK + PttPN + PttPB + PttWC+ POC)
= 0,7.( 0,29 + 1,47 + 2 + 2,47 + 2) = 5,76 kW
Ptt211 = Ptt214 = Ptt217 = 5,76 kW
+ Cn h 212 v 213: Din tch: 83,79 m2
Cn h 212:
Gm: 1 phng khch, 1 phng ng, 1 phng bp, 1 nh v sinh v 1
ban cng.
T s:
a
4,5
=
= 1,5
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.37,8.150
= 30,8
= 221,8 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
221,8
P
=
= 4,4
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
54

STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
4
1
1
P (kW)
0,16
0,15
0,1
0,41
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,41 = 0,37 kW

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
110,9
P
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
vi.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
1,5
0,1
1,68
PttPN = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,68 = 1,5 kW

55

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,75
1,5
2,33
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

my git.
lnh
STT
1.
2.
TN THIT B
n bn cu
n si t
P (kW)
S
LNG
P (kW)
0,04
0,04
1
1
0,04
0,04
56
3.
4.
5.
Bnh nng lnh

2,5
Qut ht
0,02
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
1
1
1
2,5
0,02
0,15
2,75
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

Ptt212 = Kt . (PttPK + PttPN + PttPB + PttWC + POC)
= 0,7.(0,37 + 1,5 + 2,1 + 2,47 + 2) = 5,9 kW
Ptt212 = Ptt213 = 5,9 kW
+ Cn h 216: Din tch: 80,55 m2
cng.
T s:
a
4,5
=
= 1,5
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.37,8.150
= 30,8
= 221,8 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
221,8
P
=
= 4,4
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
STT
TN THIT B
P (kW)
P (kW)
57
LNG
1.
2.
3.
n HQ
Qut trn
Ti vi
0,04
0,15
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
4
1
1
0,16
0,15
0,1
0,41
PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,41 = 0,37 kW

T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.18,9.150
= 30,8
= 110,9 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
110,9
=
= 2,2
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
vi.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
n HQ
iu ha
Ti vi
P (kW)
0,04
1,5
0,1
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
1,5
0,1
1,68
PttPN = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,68 = 1,5 kW

58
T s:
a
4,2
=
= 1,4
H0
3
Chn S0 = 9,4 m2
S lng n: n =
Pden .S .E
40.16,02.150
= 30,8
= 94 W
9,4.3350
S 0 .Fden
P
94
=
= 1,8
1,25.40
1,25.Pden
in, t lnh.
STT
1.
2.
3.
TN THIT B
P (kW)
n HQ
0,04
Ni cm in
0,75
T lnh
1,5
Tng cng sut Pi
S
LNG
2
1
1
P (kW)
0,08
0,75
1,5
2,33
PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

my git.
lnh
STT
1.
2.
3.
4.
TN THIT B
n bn cu
n si t
Bnh nng lnh
Qut ht
P (kW)
S
LNG
P (kW)
0,04
0,04
2,5
0,02
1
1
1
1
0,04
0,04
2,5
0,02
59
5.
My git
0,15
Tng cng sut Pi
0,15
2,75
PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

Ptt216 = Kt . (PttPK + PttPN + PttPB + PttWC + POC)
= 0,7.(0,37 + 1,5 + 2,1 + 2,47 + 2) = 5,9 kW
Ptt216 = 5,9 kW
Cng sut ph ti tnh ton cc cn h tng 2:
PttCHTang2 = Kt(Ptt201 Ptt218)
Ptt201 = Ptt209 = Ptt210 = Ptt218 = 6,9 kW
Ptt202 = Ptt205 = Ptt208 = 5,76 kW
Ptt203 = 6,9 kW
Ptt204 = Ptt215 = 6,9 kW
Ptt206 = Ptt207 = 6,9 kW
Ptt211 = Ptt214 = Ptt217 = 5,76 kW
Ptt212 = Ptt213 = 5,9 kW
Ptt216 = 5,9 kW
Vy PttCHTang2 = Kt(Ptt201 Ptt218)
= 0,7(4.6,9 + 3.5,76 + 6,9 + 2.6,9 + 2.6,9 + 3.5,76 + 2.5,9 + 5,9)
= 80 kW
2.5/ Ph ti ca c ta nh
Cng sut tnh ton ph ti c ta nh da vo cng sut tnh ton ca
cc loi ph ti trn v da vo h s cng sut trung bnh ca c ta nh.
60
Tng cng sut tnh ton ph ti ng lc:

PttL = 35,6 kW
Chn h s cng sut chung cho c nhm cosL = 0,7
Tng cng sut tnh ton ph ti chiu sng chung:
PttCSC = 3,74 kW
Chn h s cng sut cho c nhm cosCSC = 0,9
Tng cng sut tnh ton ph ti chung nh xe, kho, phng bo v, 6 phng
v sinh, trm bm, trm in:
PttCT1 = 2,85 kW
Chn h s cng sut cho c nhm cosCT1 = 0,8
Tng cng sut tnh ton ph ti cc cn h l:
PttCH = PttCHTang1 + PttCHTang27 = 29,2 + 6.80 = 509,2 kW
Chn h s cng sut cho c nhm cosCH = 0,75
H s cng sut trung bnh cho c ta nh:
Costb =
=
cos DL .PttDL cos CSC .PttCSC cos ttCT 1.PttCT 1 cos ttCH .PttCH
PttDL PttCSC PttCT 1 PttCH
0,7.35,6 0,9.3,74 0,8.2,58 0,75.509,2

= 0,75
35,6 3,74 2,85 509,2
Cng sut tc dng tnh ton ca c ton nh: (kt = 0,7)

Ptt = kt.(PttL + PttCSC + PttCT1 + PttCH)
= 0,7(35,6 + 3,74 + 2,85 + 509,2) = 386 kW
Cng sut ph ti tnh ton ton phn ca ta nh:
Stt =
Ptt
386
=
= 515 kVA
0,75
cos tb
61
CHNG 3: XY DNG PHNG N CUNG CP IN

3.1/ Thit lp mt bng cp in cho cc cn h
3.1.1/ Mc ch thit k cp in ni tht
Nhu cu s dng in ca cng trnh rt a dng, cng sut s dng
in lun lun tng theo s pht trin kinh t v nhu cu ngy cng cao ca
con ngi. thit lp h thng in cho mt cng trnh i hi phi
nghin cu k lng bn v kin trc, ca ngi s dng, cng nng
ca cng trnh tnh ton v b tr cng sut ca h thng cho cng
trnh cng nh cc trang thit b s dng, trang thit b ng ct bo v,
chn la v b tr dy cp in hp l, m quan, an ton, trnh thiu ht
hay d tha lng ph.
3.1.2/ Yu cu v cc bc thit k cp in ni tht
- Chn thit b in hp l, thit b ng ct, bo v chnh xc, b tr
ng ch, m quan.
- Xc nh ng cng sut s dng ca tng thit b in.
- La chn tit din dy dn v b tr dy hp l, r rng, an ton, m
quan v d sa cha.
- Ly cng sut ca ph ti lm cn c chn cng sut my bin p.
- Chn s cp in thch hp vi ph ti v cng nng ca cng
trnh.
- Chn v tr b tr ngun hp l, ph hp v mt cung cp in, an
ton, m quan, d dng thay th bo tr, m bo an ton phng chng chy
n.
Cc bc thit k cp in ni tht:
62
Cn c vo mc ch v yu cu thit k cp in cho cng trnh nu

trn, tin hnh cc bc thit k cp in cho cng trnh nh sau:
1 Tm hiu nhu cu ca cng trnh kin trc.
2 Thit lp mt bng b tr in cho cng trnh kin trc.
3 Chn loi ngun in, in p, cng sut v v tr t ngun.
4 Thit lp s cp in.
5 Tnh ton tit din cc loi dy c trong s in.
Trong bc tm hiu nhu cu in ca cng trnh kin trc cn phi:
- Thit lp bn v mt bng kin trc.
- Tnh ton la chn cc loi n, b tr n theo yu cu chiu sang
quy nh v nhu cu ca ngi s dng cho tng phng. Chn v xc
nh v tr lp t cc thit b ng m n.
- Chn v b tr cc thit b sinh hot c nh nh: qut trn, qut ht,
iu ha, bnh nng lnh,
- Chn v b tr cc cm in phc v cho cc thit b in khng c
nh nh: ti vi, t lnh, my git,
- Lp bng lit k cc thit b in trong tng phng, tnh tng cng
sut t ca thit b in.
- Xc nh cng sut tnh ton cho ton cn h.
3.2/ Thit k s nguyn l ca h thng cung cp in
D nh b tr cc aptomat bo v cho cc mch (trn s nguyn l)
Aptomat A0 bo v l tng
Aptomat A1 bo v mch in sinh hot
63
Aptomat A2 bo v mch ng lc
Aptomat A3 bo v trm bm
Aptomat A4 bo v mch thang my
Aptomat A5 bo v cho mch tng tng
Aptomat A6 bo v mch chiu sng chung
Aptomat A7 bo v cho cc nhm cn h
Aptomat A8 bo v cho cc cn h
64
Bin p khu th
MF
Tng 7
Tng 6
Tng 5
Tng 3
Tng 2
A1
A5
Tng 1
A6
Mch chiu sng
Mch thang my
Mch trm bm
A2
Tng 4
A2
Mch in ng lc
A4
A0
A7
A8
S nguyn l mng in cung cp cho chung c 7 tng
65
3.3/ i dy trong nh
T sau cc ptmt nhnh ca bng in tng, ta bt u i dy n
tng phng v vo cc bung. ng dy ny c chn ngm nm ngang
trn cao, cch trn nh 30-40cm.
ng dy i ngang trn cao nh vy s khng tr ngi cho vic
khoan tng treo tranh hoc treo cc vt khc.
Ly ng ranh gii mu trn v tng lm ng chn ngm dy
in gip ta xc nh v tr ng in i ngm bn trong tng.
ng chn ngm nm ngang nn li dng hng l rng ca gch tuy
nen lm ng i dy ngm, ch cn c b phn gch pha ngoi l.
Trong ng chn ngm ny thng i chung cc ng in sau y:
- ng trc chnh phn phi in trong bung
- Cc ng nhnh n n treo tng v n trn cng nh n cc
cm
- ng dy in thoi
- ng cp ng trc cho ngten tivi hoc cp truyn hnh.
ng in thng ng chn ngm n n, n bng cng tc n
v n cm xut pht t ng trc nm ngang v ng ny b tr ng
ng tim thng ng ca bng in cng tc hoc cm, nh vy cng d
cho vic xc nh v tr cc ng chn ngm thng ng trong tng sau
ny.
Bng cng tc n ring, khng chung vi bng cm. l loi
bng chn ngm, cn u ng v tr bt tt ( v tr bt hin k hiu chm
mu trn nm bt tt). Cng nn chn bng c n LED mu xanh hoc
mu (mu xanh c a dng hn) lm tn hiu l bng ang c in v
66
d tm ra v tr cng tc vo ban m. Bng nn b tr cao 1,5m (tnh

ti cnh trn ca bng) trong bung, cnh ca ra vo.
Bng cng tc n cho bung tm v bung v sinh pha ngoi
bung, cnh ca ra vo.
Bng cm in c b tr theo nguyn tc: bt c mt thit b in
di ng no khi cm vo , dy in cng khng lm vng li i li.
Bng cm c loi 1 v tr cm, c loi 2 v tr cm. Nn chn loi
bng cm c tm nha che kn l cm, ch khi ta cm phch in vo th
tm che ny mi b y ra u phch cm vo c . Nh th bo m
an ton, nht l khi trong nh c tr nh. Bng thng t gn ch d kin
s cm in cho qut, tivi, n bn
cao ca bng cm thng l 0,5m (tnh ti mt trn ca bng).
cm cho t u ging c t thp hn ngay cnh t. cm trong nh
tm cao trn 1,5m v ch t c kh nng b nc bn vo.
Tit din la chn: 2x1,5mm2 cho ng in n, 2x2,5mm2 cho
ng in cm.
Bng cm cho ng in thoi v ng ngten tivi hoc cp
truyn hnh nn b tr khng gn bng cng tc in v bng in
khi nhm ln. Bng thng t cao 0,4m ch d kin s t in
thoi hoc tivi.
Cc thit b in c cng sut ln nh my iu ho, bnh nc nng
khng th u qua cng tc bnh thng m cn u qua ptmt mt pha
ring. Chn loi ptmt hai cc 20A hoc 16A cho mi thit b l thch
hp. V tr t bnh nc nng hay my iu ho cng phi d kin trc
i dy in chn ngm n ng ch . Tit din dy cp cho cc thit
b ny chn l 2x2.5mm2.
67
n cu thang dng bng bn cu compact v c 2 cng tc 3 cc

cho 1 n c th bt chn cu thang v tt u trn cu thang v ngc
li. Cc loi nh g v nh c vch ngn bng tng thch cao th ng
in trong nh khng chn ngm c. Lc dng ng in i trong
cc hp mng tit din hnh ch nht c 2 na, na gn c nh vo cng
trnh v na y bn trn. Tit din cc loi mng cng to nh khc nhau,
khi mua cn la chn cho cha va s dy bn trong nhng cng khng
qu to, v to th va t va xu. Lc ny cc bng in, bng cng tc in
v bng cm cng phi t ni.
3.4/ S mt bng cp in cc cn h
Cc k hiu trong s
iu ha nhit :
Bng in chnh:
Bng in nhnh:
Bnh nng lnh:
n ng hunh quang:
n bn cu v si t:
cm :
Qut trn:
68
Cn h 101
Cn h 102 106
69
Cn h 201, 209, 210 v 218
Cn h 202, 205 v 208
70
Cn h 203
Cn h 204 v 215
71
Cn h 206 v 207
Cn h 212 v 213
72
Cn h 211, 214 v 217
Cn h 216
73
3.5/ Chn cng sut ca my pht in

V l chung c s dng vi chc nng v sinh hot bnh thng
ca cc h gia nh, do nhu cu cung cp in khng cao, thuc h tiu
th in loi 3. Nhng khi c s c mt in t ngun cung cp t my
bin p ca khu th th vic cp in lin tc cho thang my, trm bm
nc v chiu sng chung l cn thit thuc h tiu th loi 1.
Do vy ta chn my pht in cp in cho mch ng lc v chiu
sng chung khi c s c mt in.
PttL = 35,6 kW
PttCSC = 3,74 kW
Ta chn my pht in 3 pha c cng sut 50 kVA
74
CHNG 4: TNH CHN V KIM TRA DY DN,

THIT B IN
4.1/ Chn dy dn, dy cp trong h thng cung cp in
4.1.1/ Chn tit din dy dn t bng in chnh ca tng cn h
n tng thit b in 1 pha
Dy dn n cc bng n, qut trn, qut ht: 2x1,5 mm2
Dy dn n bnh nng lnh, iu ha, cm: 2x2,5 mm2
4.1.2/ Chn tit din dy dn t t in nhm dn n mi cn h
(bng in chnh)
Theo chng 2 cng sut tnh ton ca cc cn h trong chung c c
cng sut tnh ton cao nht l 7 kW. m bo an ton v ng nht c
th tnh chung vi mc cng sut tnh ton ca mi cn h l 7 kW
Dng in tnh ton mi cn h l:
Itt =
Ptt
7
=
= 42,4 A
0,22.0,75
U dm . cos tb
Tra bng ph lc PL V.12 Cp ng h p 1, 2, 3 li cch in PVC do

LENS ch to.
Trang 301, Sch thit k cp in ca Ng Hng Quang V Vn Tm
Chn cp ng 2 li tit din 4 mm2 c dng in cho php 63 A.
Kim tra theo iu kin pht nng:
Ta c: khc.Icp Ilvmax => 0,77.63 = 48,5 A > 42,4 A
4.1.3/ Chn tit din dy dn t in nhm n t in tng.
T tng 2 7 mi tng c 18 cn h chia lm 3 nhm, mi nhm 6
cn h
75
Cng sut tnh ton mi nhm l: Mi nhm gm 6 cn h:

Pnhm = 6,9 + 5,76+ 6,9 + 5,76 + 6,9 + 5,9 = 38,12 kW
Dng in tnh ton mi nhm l:
Itt =
38,12
= 77,79 A
3.0,38.0,75
Tra bng ph lc PL V.12 trang 302 Sch thit k cp in ca Ng Hng

Quang V Vn Tm
Ta c: khc.Icp Ilvmax => 0,77.113 = 87,01A > 77,79A
4.1.4/ Chn tit din dy dn t t phn phi trm in n mi
tng
Cng sut tnh ton mi tng l: Ptng = 38,12.3 = 114,36 kW
Dng in tnh ton mi tng l:
Itt =
114,36
= 233,38 A
3.0,38.0,75

Quang V Vn Tm
Ta c: khc.Icp Ilvmax => 0,77.343 = 264,11 A > 233,38A
4.1.5/ Chn tit din dy dn n h thng thang my
Cng sut tnh ton mi thang my l: 8,94 kW
Theo s tay thit k cc thang my c h s cos trung bnh l 0,54
76
Dng in tnh ton mi thang l:

Itt =
8,94
= 25,15 A
3.0,38.0,54

Quang V Vn Tm
Chn cp ng 3 li tit din 2,5 mm2 c dng in cho php 41 A.
Ta c: khc.Icp Ilvmax => 0,77.41 = 31,57A > 25,15A
4.1.6/ Chn tit din dy dn n phng my bm
Cng sut tnh ton trm bm l: 16,83 kW
Ly h s cos trung bnh l 0,75
Dng in tnh ton trm bm l:
Itt =
16,83
= 34 A
3.0,38.0,75

Quang V Vn Tm
Ta c: khc.Icp Ilvmax => 0,77.53 = 40,8A > 34A
4.1.7/ Chn tit din dy dn cho mng chiu sng chung
Cng sut tnh ton mng chiu sng chung l: 3,74 kW
Ly h s cos trung bnh l 1
Dng in tnh ton chiu sng chung l:
77
Itt =
3,74
= 17 A
0,22.1

Quang V Vn Tm
Chn cp ng 2 li tit din 1,5 mm2 c dng in cho php 37 A.
Ta c: khc.Icp Ilvmax => 0,77.37 = 28,49A > 17A
4.2/ Chn Aptomat
Aptomat l kh c in h p lm nhim v ng ct mch ph ti v
bo v qu ti, ngn mch
iu kin chn v kim tra aptomat
UmATM Ummang
ImATM Ilvmax
D nh b tr cc aptomat bo v cho cc mch (trn s nguyn l)
Aptomat A0 bo v l tng
Aptomat A1 bo v mch in sinh hot
Aptomat A2 bo v mch ng lc
Aptomat A3 bo v trm bm
Aptomat A4 bo v mch thang my
Aptomat A5 bo v cho mch tng tng
Aptomat A6 bo v mch chiu sng chung
Aptomat A7 bo v cho cc nhm cn h
Aptomat A8 bo v cho cc cn h
78
4.2.1/ Chn Aptomat tng

I =
Stt
=
3.udm
515
= 782,67 A
3.0,38
Tra bng PL IV.6 Thng s k thut aptomat t 250 n 1000A do Nht

ch to
Trang 284 Sch thit k cp in Ng Hng Quang V Vn Tm
Chn aptomat c thng s k thut nh sau:
Loi
SA804-G
S cc
4
Im
800
Um
380
4.2.2/ Chn Aptomat cho mch ng lc

Mch ng lc gm 3 thang my v 2 ng c trm bm
Xc nh dng nh mc thang my:
PTM
=
3 cos .U
ITM =
8,94
= 25,15
3.0,38.0,54

ch to
Loi
EA53-G
S cc
3
Im
30
Um
380
Xc nh dng nh mc trm bm:

ITrB =
PTrB
3 cos .U
16,83
= 34 A
3.0,38.0,75
79

ch to
Loi
EA53-G
S cc
3
Im
40
Um
380
4.2.3/ Chn Aptomat cho mch sinh hot

a/ Chn Aptomat cho cc cn h
Xc nh dng nh mc cc cn h:
IttCH =
PttCH
7
=
= 42,4 A
0,22.0,75
U cos

ch to
Loi
EA52-G
S cc
2
Im
50
Um
220
b/ Chn Aptomat cho nhm cn h

Cng sut tnh ton mi nhm l:
Pnhm = 6,9 + 5,76+ 6,9 + 5,76 + 6,9 + 5,9 = 38,12 kW
Ittnhm =
Pttnhm
38,12
=
= 77,79 A
0,38.0,75. 3
3U cos
80

ch to
Loi
EA103-G
S cc
3
Im
100
Um
380
c/ Chn Aptomat cho cc tng cn h

Ptng = 38,12.3 = 114,36 kW
Dng in tnh ton mi tng l:
Itt =
114,36
= 233,38 A
3.0,38.0,75
Tra bng PL IV.6 Thng s k thut aptomat t 250 n 1000A do

Nht ch to
Loi
SA404-H
S cc
4
Im
250
Um
380
4.2.4/ Chn Aptomat cho mch chiu sng chung

Cng sut tnh ton mng chiu sng chung l: 3,74 kW
Ly h s cos trung bnh l 1
Dng in tnh ton chiu sng chung l:
IttCSC =
3,74
= 17 A
0,22.1
81

ch to
Loi
EA52-G
S cc
2
Im
20
Um
220
82
CHNG 5: CC BIN PHP AN TON IN

5.1/ Ni t
5.1.1/ Mc ch ca vic ni t
Mc ch: Bo v ni t nhm bo v an ton cho ngi khi ngi
tip xc vi thit b b chm v bng cch gim in p trn v thit b
xung mt tr s an ton.
Ch : y ta hiu chm v l hin tng mt pha no b hng
cch in v c s tip xc in vi v thit b.
ngha: l to ra gia v thit b v t mt mch in c in dn
ln lm gim phn lng dng in qua ngi (ni cch khc l gim in
p trn v thit b) n mt tr s an ton khi ngi chm vo v thit b
b chm v.
5.1.2/ Ni t bo v
Khi cch in ca nhng b phn mang in b h hng, b chc
thng, nhng phn kim loi ca thit b in hay cc my mc khc thng
trc kia khng c in by gi mang hon ton in p lm vic. Khi
chm vo chng, ngi c th b tn thng do dng in gy nn.
Mc ch ni t l m bo an ton cho ngi lc chm vo cc
b phn c mang in p. V ni t l gim in p i vi t ca
nhng b phn kim loi ca thit b in n mt tr s an ton i vi
ngi .
Nh vy ni t l s ch nh ni in cc b phn thit b mang in
vi h thng ni t.
H thng ni t bao gm cc thanh ni t v dy dn ni t.
83
Ngoi nhng ni t m bo an ton cho ngi cn c loi ni t

vi mc ch xc nh ch lm vic ca thit b in. Loi ni t ny
gi l ni t lm vic. V d nh ni t trung tnh my bin p, my pht
in, ni t chng st bo v chng qu in p, chng st nh trc
tip
Ni t ring l cho tng thit b in l khng hp l v rt nguy
him v khi c chm t hai im to nn th hiu nguy him trn phn
ni t ca thit b. V vy cn thit phi ni chung li thnh mt h thng
ni t (tr nhng thu li ng ring l).
5.1.3/ Ni t hnh li
khc phc nhc im ca ni t tp trung ngi ta s dng hnh
thc ni t mch vng. l hnh thc dng nhiu cc ng theo chu vi
v c th gia khu vc t thit b in.
84
Tc dng: gim ng thi c Utx v Ub

5.1.4/ Ni t lp li
Ni t lp li c thc hin ti mi ni trong li in nhm mc
ch gim thp in p trn dy trung tnh v phng dy trung tnh b t
rt nguy him khi ngi tip xc vi v thit b.
Ni t lp li c thc hin nhng im sau:
- Cch 250m dc theo chiu di ca ng dy.
- Ti im r nhnh ca ng dy.
- im cui cng ca ng dy
5.1.5/ Tnh ton ni t
Nh bit in tr ni t cho php i vi trm in c cng sut >
100 kVA l Rt = 4, in tr sut ca vng t o trong iu kin m
trung bnh kcc = 1,5 l 0 = 0,75.104 cm. (vi thanh ni ngang knga = 2)
Do khng c h thng tip a t nhin nn in tr ca h thng tip a
nhn to.
85
Rnt = Rt = 4 . Chn cc tip a bng thp trn di l = 2,5 m, ng knh

d = 6 cm ng su cch mt t h = 0,75 m.
Chiu su trung bnh ca cc htb = h +
l
250
= 75 +
= 200 cm.
2
2
in tr tip xc ca cc tip a c xc nh theo biu thc:

Rcc =
k coc . 0
1 4h l
2l
(ln + ln tb )
2.l
d
2 4.htb l
1,5.0,75
2.250
1 4200 250
(ln
+ ln
) = 31,72
2.250
6
2 4.200 250
S b chn s lng cc:

N=
Rcoc
31,72
=
= 7,9 => chn n = 8 cc
Rnt
4
S cc ny c ng xung quanh trm bin p theo chu vi:

L = 2(4,7 + 6,7) = 22,8 m
Khong cch trung bnh gia cc cc l la =
T l
L
22,8
=
= 2,85 m
n
8
la
2,85
=
= 1,1
2,5
l
Tra ng cong ng vi t l
la
= 1,1 v s lng cc l 8, ta xc nh
l
c h s li dng ca cc cc tip a l cc = 0,58 v ca thanh ni l

nga = 0,36
(Tra bng 49.pl - H s dng ca cc in cc tip a v thanh ni ph
thuc vo s lng cc n v t s gia khong cch gia cc in cc l0 v
chiu di l ca chng
86
Trang 490, sch bi tp cung cp in ca TS Trn Quang Khnh)

Chn thanh ni tip a bng thp c kch thc bxc = 50x6 cm. in tr
tip xc ca thanh ni ngang:
Rnga =
k nga 0
2.L
2 L2
2.0,75.10 4
2.2280 2
=
11,03
ln
b.h
2.3,14.2280
5.75
ln
in tr thc t ca thanh ni c xt n h s li dng nga l

Rnga =
Rnga
nga
11,03
= 30,64
0,36
in tr cn thit ca h thng tip a nhn to c tnh n in tr ca

thanh ni ngang l:
Rnt =
R' nga .Rnt

R' nga Rnt
30,64.4
= 4,6
30,64 4
S lng cc chnh thc l

nct =
Rcoc
31,72
=
= 11,89 => chn nct = 12 cc
0,58.4,6
coc .R' nt
5.2/ Chng st
5.2.1/ Hin tng st
St l hin tng phng in gia cc m my tch in tri du hoc
gia my v t khi cng in trng t n tr s cng phng
in trong khng kh.
c im:
Khi bt u phng in, Umy -my v Umy -t triu V,
Ist chc ngn ampe n hng trm ngn ampe,
Imax= 200 KA 300 KA.
87
Nng lng ca st khi phng in rt ln c th ph hoi

cng trnh, thit b, nh ca, gy cht ngi v sc vt,
bo v chng st ngi ta s dng cc h thng chng st bng ct
thu li hoc li chng st.
5.2.2/ Hu qu ca phng in st
i vi nh ca gia sc: c th gy nguy him khi b st nh trc
tip. Nhiu khi st khng phng trc tip nhng cng gy nguy him bi
v: khi dng in st i vo t gy ln s chnh lch in th kh ln ti
nhng vng gn nhau. Nu ngi v gia sc ng gn ni b st nh c
th c in p bc ln gy nguy him ti c th ngi.
i vi cng trnh cng cng, nh ca, cu ph:
+ dng in st c nhit ln, khi phng vo cc vt d chy, gy pht
sinh chy, c bit nh cc kho nhin liu, cc vt d n.
+ lm h hng bn c hc (cng trnh bng g, tre na s b h hng
hon ton, = gch b thit hi ng k, = b tng ct thp thit hi t
nhng cng gy gim tui th.
+ cc ng dy ti in trn khng b st nh gy sng qu in p,
truyn vo trm c th ph hy cc thit b trong trm.
+ gy in p cm ng ln cc vt dn (cm ng tnh in, cm ng
t) khi c phng in st gn. in p ny c th ln n hng chc
KV nguy him
5.2.3/ Chng st
Mun chng st c hiu qu ton din th phi tun th 3 nguyn tc:
a. Chng st nh trc tip vo cng trnh,
b. Chng st lan truyn qua ng cp ngun v cp tn hiu,
c. H thng tip t c tng tr thp v an ton cao.
a. Chng st nh trc tip vo cng trnh
88
Phng php ny dng nhng thit b chng st to thnh mt

khung sn bao ph bn ngoi khu vc cn bo v.
C 2 loi h thng:
- h thng chng st th ng (c in).
- h thng chng st ch ng (cp tin)
- H thng chng st ch ng (cp tin)

- Nguyn tc: dng thu li phng trc tip mt lung ion v pha m
my, lm tng thm kh nng phng in c th xy ra trong m
my.
Mt vi thit b chng st cp tin
Thu li chng st INGESCO, sn xut t nm 1984.
Thu li INGESCO bo m kh nng phng in nhiu ln, bn,
khng tn km chi ph bo qun.
Thu li chng st Franklin c Benjamin Franklin pht minh nm

1760. y l thit b thu st ph bin nht v ni ting nht trong lch s.
89
H thng chng st th ng (c in).

Nguyn tc: Bao ph mt cng trnh kin trc bi mt mng li
gm nhng ng kim loi, v dn xung mt vng rng ln di t. N
khng lm tng thm kh nng phng in c th xy ra ti khu vc cn
bo v nh phng php ch ng.
H thng chng st th ng ph bin nht Faraday Cage
90
Nguyn tc thit k:
Kim thu st c t ti mt hoc nhiu im nh cao ca mt cng
trnh kin trc.
Phm vi bo v ca n c tnh ton nm trong vng trn bn knh
tng ng vi chiu cao ca v tr tr t kim so vi mt t.
Phm vi s dng: ph hp bo v nhng ni m c mt phn cu trc
nh hn ln cao trong phm vi cn bo v.
H thng chng st th ng overhead line

Nguyn tc thit k:
N gm mt h thng ng dy "ng-ten" ni ti cc cc ca cng
trnh cn bo v v dn xung t bng loi dy dn thch hp.
Phm vi s dng: c dng bo v cc ng dy din, cc
container nh cha cc cht d chy, trm phn phi in, hoc cc
building nh c nguy c b st nh trc tip.
b. Chng sng st lan truyn
91
Sm st khin in p tm thi gia tng t ngt. ch khc phc

thng s dng loi thit b chng st lan truyn.
Trong thc t thng s dng mt s loi sau:
C cu ngt nhit 3 mc, bo v cho mng in p thp, c bit cho
nhng khu vc nguy him do st lan truyn gy ra qa p, hoc ngay c
nh trc tip. Bo v cho mng 1 pha hoc mng 3 pha
c cu ngt nhit 3 mc, bo v qa p cho mng in s cp 1 v 3 pha

+ trung tnh s cp ti nhng t phn phi in chnh. C th dng chung
hoc ring cho cc pha. Dng phng:In=15kA, Imax=40kA. Mi module
cm cho mi pha
92
Lp t trn h thng ng truyn cable IBM, c bit nhng cp loi mt

li vo ta nh
93
5.3/ Cc dng c dng sa cha thit b in
a/ Gy cch in
Cng dng: dng trc tip iu khin dao cch li, t ni t di
ng, th nghim cao p.
94
Cu to: gm 3 phn
phn cch in
phn lm vic
phn cm tay.
di ca so ph thuc vo in p. Khi dng so cn ng trn b
cch in, tay eo gng cao su, chn mang giy cao su.
Bng di tiu chun ca phn cch in theo cp in p

b/ Km cch in
Cng dng: dng t v ly cu ch, y cc np cch in bng
cao su. Km l phng tin chnh dng vi in p di 35kV.
Cu to: gm 3 phn
phn lm vic
95
phn cch in
phn cm tay.
Bng di tiu chun ca phn cch in theo cp in p

c/ Gng tay in mi, giy ng, m lt
Dng vi thit b in, cc dng c ny c sn xut ring vi cu
to ph hp vi quy trnh
Gng tay cch in cao p 26.5 kV 30 kV

5.4/ Cc bin php tit kim in hng ngy
Nguyn tc chung t c mc ch tit kim v hiu qu l mua
ng thit b tit kim nng lng v dng ng cch.
Di y l mt s phng php tit kim in trong gia nh:
96
i vi h thng chiu sng: nn tn dng nh sng t nhin bng

cch s dng cc tm tn nha trong, m; s dng cc ca s, ging tri
ly nh sng; phi hp ca ly nh sng vi ca thng gi.
Vi thit b chiu sng: khng nn dng loi n dy tc, v loi ny
ta nhit ln, rt tn in nng. Nn chn s dng loi n chiu sng c
hiu sut cao (bo m sng nhng tit kim in nng) nh n
compact, n hunh quang T5, T8. Cn lp t n ti v tr hp l (khng
qu cao trn 4m, khng b vt che khut); cn c cng tc iu khin
ring cho n; khi s dng n nn dng mng n pht huy hiu qu
chiu sng, thng xuyn v sinh mng.
Vi Tivi: Khng nn mn hnh ch d sng qu tn in.
Khng nn tt ti vi bng iu khin t xa m nn tt bng cch n nt
my. Khng xem ti vi khi ang ni vi u video. Nn chn kch c ti vi
ph hp vi din tch nh bn v ti vi cng to cng tn in.
Vi t lnh: cn t ni thong mt, cch tng t nht 10cm, trnh
nh nng v trnh gn cc ngun nhit; khng cho thc n cn nng vo t;
khng tuyt bm vo t dy qu 5mm; loi t c nhiu ca s gip tit
kim in nng hn t lnh thng thng.
Vi my iu ha khng kh: vic thit k phng c, v tr t my
lnh... l yu t quan trng tit gim in nng; i vi phng c s
dng my lnh, cn trnh nh nng mt tri chiu vo cc ca knh. Nn
mua my lnh loi tt, s dng my c cng sut tng thch vi phng
(vi phng 10-15m2 th cng sut s dng l 1 HP, lm v sinh my nh
k v tt my lnh khi khng s dng. Nn s dng my lnh vi cng
ngh bin tn tit kim in.
97
Vi ni cm in: khng nn nu cm qu sm, v thi gian hm

nng cng lm hao tn in nng, ch nn nu cm trc khi n 30 - 40
pht; nn lau chi sch y ni cm v mm nhit; s dng loi ni c
dung tch ph hp cng gip tit kim in.
Vi l vi sng: khng nn bt l viba trong phng iu ha nhit ,
khng t gn cc in khc khng nh hng n hot ng ca cc
vt ny.
Vi qut: thng xuyn lau chi, tra du nh k; s dng tc qut
theo nhu cu, tc cng ln th cng tn in.
Vi bn i: khng i vo gi cao im; nn tp trung nhiu
i mt ln; i theo th t: i mng ri n dy, sau rt phch cm
v tn dng sc nng cn li i mng.
Vi my nc nng: nn s dng my nc nng nng lng mt
tri thay cho my nc nng dng in.
Vi cc thit b s dng in khc (nh my vi tnh, my in, my
photocopy, ti vi, my git, my ra chn...): ch bt cc thit b ny khi c
nhu cu s dng.
98
KT LUN
Qua qu trnh nghin cu ti liu v thc hin ti cung cp in,
di s hng dn ca thy gio V Vit Thng em hon thnh n
ng tin v quy nh. Trong qu trnh nghin cu v thc hin n
em thc hin c nhng cng vic sau:
- Gii thiu tng quan v cung cp in;
- Nghin cu v cung cp in cho cc ta nh cao tng, t tng
hp v tm phng n cung cp in hp l cho chung c cao tng c th;
- Thc hin thit k s nguyn l cung cp in, s i dy, tnh
chn cc thit b in;
Mc d c nhiu c gng trong qu trnh thc hin ti, song do
kin thc cn hn ch, kinh nghim trong ngh nghip cha c. Do , vic
la chn phng n, phng php cng nh tnh chn cc thit b cha
c hp l c phng n ti u nht, tit kim nguyn vt liu nht.
99
TI LIU THAM KHO

1/ Cung cp in
Tc gi: Nguyn Xun Ph Nguyn Cng Hin Nguyn Bi Khu
Nh xut bn khoa hc k thut
2/ Bi tp Cung cp in
Tc gi: TS. Trn Quang Khnh
3/ Thit k cp in
Tc gi: Ng Hng Quang V Vn Tm
4/ Thit b v h thng chiu sng
Tc gi: PGS. TS. ng Vn o PGS. TS. L Vn Doanh
TS. Nguyn Ngc M
Nh xut bn gio dc
5/ Ngun internet
www.webdien.com
www.ebook.edu.vn
www.tailieu.vn
100

Do An Tot Nghiep Dai Hoc

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Do An Tot Nghiep Dai Hoc

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HC VIN K THUT QUN S

THIT K CUNG CP IN NI THT

HC VIN K THUT QUN S

THIT K CUNG CP IN NI THT

Cn b hng dn khoa hc: I T, GVC, ThS V VIT THNG

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

4. S lng, ni dung cc bn v (ghi r loi, kch thc v cch thc

Ngy hon thnh: 05/03/2012

GVC, ThS V Vit Thng

Hc vin thc hin

3.1/ Thit lp mt bng cp in cho cc cn h..58

5.1.1/ Mc ch ca vic ni t.......................................................79

CHNG 1: H THNG CUNG CP IN NI THT

m bo cht lng in, nht l m bo lch v dao ng in

1.3.1/ p ng tt v cht lng in

- H loi 2: L nhng h nu ngng cung cp in th s gy thit hi

+ Phng my bm: Din tch 10,64 m2

HNH 1.1: S MT BNG TNG 1

HNH 1.2: S MT BNG TNG 1

- Tng 2 7: gm cc cn h, c bn ging nhau v kin trc. Mi

HNH 1.3: S MT BNG TNG 2 7

HNH 1.4: S MT BNG TNG 2 7

Trong ta nh c nhiu ph ti in c chia lm 2 nhm:

CHNG 2: XC NH PH TI TNH TON CA

Ta chn thang my c cng sut 10kW, vi h s tip in = 0,8

Pi: cng sut t ca my bm th i

Tng cng sut tnh ton trm bm bao gm c h s ng thi cc my

Trang 616, sch Cung cp in in Nguyn Xun Ph, Nguyn Cng

Vy s bng n cn lp t mi snh l 3 bng, cng sut tng ca c 3

- Chiu sng cho hnh lang:

Vy s bng n cn lp t mi hnh lang l 4 bng, cng sut tng ca

PCS = 7.31,49 = 220,43 W

PP.BV = 0,45 + 0,24 = 0,69 kW

Phng gi l va, khi

Phng gi l hp, khi

Tng cng sut ca n: P = 30,8

S n c xc nh theo biu thc: n =

Trong : a l chiu rng, H0 l chiu cao ca phng.

S thit b in trong phng cng nhiu th Kt cng nh, Kt = 0,7 0,9.

- Phng ng 1: Din tch: 28,4 m2

PttPN1 = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,72 = 1,55 kW

PttPN2 = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,68 = 1,5 kW

Tng hp cc thit b in c trong phng bp nh sau:

PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,71 = 2,5 kW

PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,41 = 0,37 kW

Cng sut chiu sng phng ng l: PCSPN2 = 2.40 = 80W = 0,08 kW

PttPN1 = PttPN2 = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,68 = 1,5 kW

Tng cng sut ca n: P = 30,8

PttPB = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,33 = 2,1 kW

PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

- Phng khch: Din tch: 37,8 m2

PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,41 = 0,37 kW

PttPN1 = PttPN2 = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,68 = 1,5 kW

Lp t 2 cm i, 1 n hunh quang v thit b cm ngoi l ni cm

PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,79 = 2,5 kW

+ Cn h 202, 205 v 208: Din tch: 31,2 m2

PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,33 = 0,3 kW

Tng cng sut ca n: P = 30,8

PttPN = Kt . Pi = 0,9.1,64 = 1,47 kW

- Phng v sinh: lp t 1 cm i, 1 qut ht, 1 bnh nng lnh, 1 n

PttWC = Kt . Pi = 0,9.2,75 = 2,47 kW

PttPK = Kt . Pi = 0,9.0,37 = 0,33 kW