A GIS BASED LAND USE SUITABILITY ASSESSMENT IN BUNDELKHAND REGION, INDIA

Prianshu Shukla1, Priyam Gupta1, Manish Sharma1 1. Civil Department, Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kochabhawar, Jhansi 284128, INDIA Keywords: GIS, agriculture, mapping, land use, silvopasture

ABSTRACT Timeliness and accuracy of information is the key to success in agriculture. A land evaluation for agricultural planning in Bundelkhand region was carried out based on soil survey data with the help of Geographical Information System (GIS). The soil-based GIS data was compiled and interpreted for land use suitability and fertility assessment. Maps of fertility and land use suitability were generated from interpretative records. We are going to develop a suitability map for each agricultural land use by combining the climatic and soil site factors for each crop. In this research a three step method is adopted for agriculture land evaluation. At the first step all the necessary data regarding geological maps of the area is collected using GIS tools. At the second step area of land according to their type or suitability for agriculture is calculated. At the third step land under consideration was categorized by considering and optimizing different factors such as distance from local market, transport facilities and industries. With the help of this suitability map we can drive a conclusion about arable, non arable and fertile land so that we can find the maximum utility of land of this region. For this land information system we will be using GIS technology (arc GIS).

this competition engenders, coupled with unsuitable land-use practices, lead to degradation, erosion and, eventually, to complete destruction of the soil. Vast areas of the planet's best land resources have already been destroyed as a result of man's activities. Meanwhile the numbers of Human beings and their domestic animals continue to multiply. ASSESSMENT REGION: The concerned region is one of the southern districts Uttar Pradesh and spreads over 5320.50 km-sq. Total population of the assessment region is 507293. The district lies between 2411' and 2557' N and 7810' and 7923' E with the district, the northern portion comprises the subdivisions of Jhansi-Moth and Mau Garautha and southern portion that of Lalitpur Mehroni which is practically surrounded by Madhya Pradesh and is more or less pear shaped.it is the centre of the golden quadrilateral of national highway of India such that the intersection of north-south corridor & east west corridor. The area experiences arid climate and has an ustic soil climate. The mean annual rainfall is 900 mm per year. About 266.53 sq.km of the area is covered by forest. The region has a net sown area of 4467.87 sq.km. DATA SOURCE:

INTRODUCION: The land use planning involves making knowledgeable decisions about land use and the Environment. The process of land suitability classification is the appraisal and grouping of specific areas of land in terms of their suitability for defined uses. Land resource inventories to determine land suitability have become a standard part of planning analysis at many scales. A suitability map shows the spatial patterns of requirements, preferences or predictors of some activity. Wise land use is an essential basis for a healthy and prosperous future for the human race. In many developing countries, land well-suited for the production of food is already in short supply. This is often obscured by the existence of vast areas with limited potential for production. The pressures which

Images: Data used includes imagery of LANDSAT 7 satellite sensor ETM+ (1999 2003) image name p145r042_7f20001001_z44_ps742.tif as in Fig.1. & image name p145r043_7f20001001_z44_ps742.tif as in Fig.2. Political map of Jhansi district from Maps of India & reference maps of highways, forests, water bodies & residential areas from Bing maps and Google maps. Software: Software used and licences includes a complete set of software pack of ARCGIS Desktop Arcinfo, Microsoft office 2010, Google Earth, Adobe PDF reader & Bing map explorer.

Water bodies: The Jhansi district is enclosed by three rivers which are Sindh, Betwa, and Dhasun & many reservoirs such as Parichha Reservoir, Sukma Dukma reservoir, Matatila dam, Pahuj reservoir, Saprar dam, & Bhasneh Nature reserve. Transportation: Jhansi district is centre of golden quadrilateral and hence four highways NH-25, NH-26, NH-75, and NH-76 intersect in Jhansi district hence provide a good transportation facility and a better reach in every place of district.

METHODS: The method adopted for the assessment is ORDINAL COMBINATION METHOD, general survey of lands & observational talk from localised persons For agriculture and other industries: First of all we considered all the factors necessary for agriculture in the region as given in table 1 and decide their factors according to the condition and placing of factors including water bodies, transportation, forest land & and residences. Table 1 Factors affecting industries and agriculture Factor Proximity index (fi) Inference agriculture industry 0.25 0.25 Very low 0.5 Low Water Availability (f1) 0.75 Medium 1 1 High 0.25 0.25 Very low 0.5 Low Transportation (f2) 0.75 Medium 1 1 High Nearness to 0 1 residential area Residential development (f3) Away from 1 0 residential area Analysis: Now a particular proximity index is awarded to each region based on the respective factors. Then these values are substituted in the priority index formula given below. Greater the priority index more suitable is the area for agriculture. Priority index = f1 * f2 * f3 Silvopasture: It is the practice of combining forestry and grazing of domesticated animals in a mutually beneficial way. We considered two factors which are availability of water and nearness to forest border and agriculture area. Geoprocessing: It is the plotting of factors and priority on the map to get a processed map so that we can decide the land use according to the physical feature priority factor and get the required result.

Fig. 1.LANDSAT p145r042_7f20001001_z44_ps742

Fig. 2.LANDSAT p145r043_7f20001001_z44_ps742

RESULT: Now we get a map showing fertility and land use suitability and all the economically proposed area in which agricultural and industrial investment should be made to get the maximum output here is the map showing all the aspect of proposed land uses of Jhansi district Fig. 3.

generated which shows the most suitable and high output areas for crop planning, industrial planning and silvopasture. The soil type of Jhansi is mainly preferred fertility and land use suitability for production of lettuces (pulses and grams) and can hold a low density industry like agro-processing industries and garment industries. Thus the map proposed highlights the most efficient use of land in Jhansi.

Fig. 3.Proposed land use map: Jhansi Here is the graph showing how the land is distributed in Jhansi district in order of land use priority. Fig. 4.

Fig. 4.Graph showing distribution of land according to its land use priority

CONCLUSION: The land resource data that have been generated have been integrated through GIS techniques for efficient crop planning at district level. The map has been