Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A - PHN M U
I. L DO CHN TI.
Hin nay, khi m hnh thc thi trc nghim khch quan c p dng trong cc
k thi tt nghip v tuyn sinh i hc, cao ng th yu cu v vic nhn dng
gii nhanh v ti u cc cu trc nghim, c bit l cc cu trc nghim nh lng
l rt cn thit c th t c kt qu cao trong k thi. Trong thi tuyn sinh
H v C nm 2010, mn Vt L c nhng cu trc nghim nh lng kh kh
m cc thi trc cha c, nu cha gp v cha gii qua ln no th th sinh
kh m gii nhanh v chnh xc cc cu ny.
gip cc em hc sinh nhn dng c cc cu trc nghim nh lng t
c th gii nhanh v chnh xc tng cu, ti xin tp hp ra y cc bi tp in hnh
trong sch gio khoa, trong sch bi tp, trong cc thi tt nghip THPT, thi tuyn
sinh H C trong nhng nm qua v phn chng thnh nhng dng c bn t
a ra phng php gii cho tng dng. Hy vng rng tp ti liu ny gip ch c
mt cht g cho cc qu ng nghip trong qu trnh ging dy v cc em hc
sinh trong qu trnh kim tra, thi c.
II. I TNG V PHM VI P DNG
1) i tng s dng ti:
Gio vin dy mn Vt l lp 12 tham kho hng dn hc sinh gii bi tp.
Hc sinh hc lp 12 luyn tp kim tra, thi mn Vt L.
2) Phm vi p dng:
Phn dng in xoay chiu ca chng trnh Vt L 12 Ban C bn.
III. PHNG PHP NGHIN CU
Xc nh i tng p dng ti.
Tp hp cc bi tp in hnh trong sch gio khoa, trong sch bi tp, trong cc
thi tt nghip THPT, thi tuyn sinh H C trong ba nm qua (t khi thay sch)
v phn chng thnh cc bi tp minh ha ca nhng dng bi tp c bn.
H thng cc cng thc, kin thc lin quan v phng php gii cho tng
dng.
C li gii cc bi tp minh ha cc em hc sinh c th kim tra so snh vi
bi gii ca mnh.
Cc cu trc nghim luyn tp l thi Tt nghip i hc Cao ng trong
ba nm qua.
B - NI DUNG
CC DNG BI TP V DNG IN XOAY CHIU
1. i cng v dng in xoay chiu
* Cc cng thc:
Biu thc ca i v u: I0cos(t + i); u = U0cos(t + u).
lch pha gia u v i: = u - i.
I
U
E
2
Cc gi tr hiu dng: I = 0 ; U = 0 ; E = 0 . Chu k; tn s: T =
;f=
.
2
2
2
2
Trong 1 giy dng in xoay chiu c tn s f (tnh ra Hz) i chiu 2f ln.
T thng qua khung dy ca my pht in:
d
e== - = NBSsin(t + ) = E0cos(t + - ); vi E0 = 0 = NBS.
2
dt
* Bi tp minh ha:
1. Dng in xoay chiu c cng i = 4cos120t (A). Xc nh cng hiu
dng ca dng in v cho bit trong thi gian 2 s dng in i chiu bao nhiu
ln?
2. Mt n ng lm vic vi in p xoay chiu u = 220 2 cos100t (V). Tuy nhin
n ch sng khi iu p t vo n c |u| = 155 V. Hi trung bnh trong 1 s c bao
nhiu ln n sng?
3. Dng in chy qua mt on mch c biu thc i = I 0cos100t. Trong khong
thi gian t 0 n 0,02 s, xc nh cc thi im cng dng in c gi tr tc
thi c gi tr bng: a) 0,5 I0; b) 2 I0.
2
gc vi trc quay v c ln
khung dy.
8. Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht c 1500 vng, din tch mi vng 100 cm 2,
quay u quanh trc i xng ca khung vi tc gc 120 vng/pht trong mt t
trng u c cm ng t bng 0,4 T. Trc quay vung gc vi cc ng sc t.
Chn gc thi gian l lc vc t php tuyn ca mt phng khung dy cng hng
vi vc t cm ng t. Vit biu thc sut in ng cm ng tc thi trong khung.
2.102
9. T thng qua 1 vng dy dn l =
cos(100t - 4 ) (Wb). Tm biu thc
1. Ta c: I = 0 = 2 2 A; f = 2 = 60 Hz.
2
Trong 2 giy dng in i chiu 4f = 240 ln.
2. n ch sng khi in p t vo n c |u| 155 V, do trong mt chu k s c
1
2 ln n sng. Trong 1 giy c 2 = 50 chu k nn s c 100 ln n sng.
1
cos(100t - 2 ) = 2 = cos( 3 ). V u ang gim nn ta nhn nghim (+)
1
100t - 2 = 3 t = 120 (s).
1
Sau thi im
s, ta c:
300
1
1
2
u = 200 2 cos(100(
+
) - ) = 200 2 cos
= - 100 2 (V).
2
120 300
3
1
V u ang tng nn ta nhn nghim (-) 100t1 + 6 = - 4 t1 = - 240 s
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
0,2
t2 = t1 + 0,005 = 240 s u2 = 220 2 cos(100t2 + 6 ) = 220 V.
60 f
6. Ta c: 0 = NBS = 0,54 Wb; n = p = 3000 vng/pht.
7. Ta c: f = n = 50 Hz; = 2f = 100 rad/s; E0 = NBS = 220 2 V.
n
8. Ta c: 0 = NBS = 6 Wb; = 60 2 = 4 rad/s;
3
2.102
9. Ta c: e = - N = 150.100
sin(100t - 4 ) = 300cos(100t 4 ) (V).
dng nhng lch pha nhau 3 . Tnh cng sut tiu th trn on mch AB trong
trng hp ny.
15. on mch AB gm hai on mch AM v MB mc ni tip. on mch AM
103
F , on mch MB
gm in tr thun R1 = 40 mc ni tip vi t in c C =
4
gm in tr thun R2 mc ni tip vi cun cm thun L. t vo A, B in p
xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng v tn s khng i th in p tc thi hai u
7
on mch AM v MB ln lt l: u AM = 50 2 cos(100t )(V) v
12
u MB = 150cos100t (V) . Tnh h s cng sut ca on mch AB.
16. t mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng v tn s khng i ln lt vo
hai u in tr thun R, cun cm thun c t cm L, t in c in dung C th
cng dng in hiu dng qua mch tng ng l 0,25 A; 0,5 A; 0,2 A. Tnh
cng dng in hiu dng qua mch nu t in p xoay chiu ny vo hai u
on mch gm ba phn t trn mc ni tip.
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
* Hng dn gii
U
U
1. Ta c: R = 1C = 18 ; Zd = XC = 30 ; ZL = Z d2 R 2 = 24 .
I
I
Z
U
2. Ta c: R + r = = 40 r = 10 ; L = tan = 1 ZL = R + r = 40
I
R+r
Z
L = 2Lf = 0,127 H; Zd = r 2 + Z L2 = 41,2 ; Z = ( R + r ) 2 + Z L2 = 40 2 .
U
U2
3. Ta c: I = = 4,55 A; P = I2R =
= 1000 W; Q = Pt = 60000 J = 60 kJ.
R
R
I
U
U
Z
4. Ta c: I = 0 = 0,2 A; R = R = 100 ; ZL = L = 200 ; L = L = 0,53 H;
I
I
2
1
U
ZC = C = 125 ; C = Z = 21,2.10-6 F; Z = R 2 + (Z L - Z C ) 2 = 125 ;
I
C
U = IZ = 25 V.
P
5. Ta c: = u - i = - 6 ; P = UIcos = 50 3 W; R = 2 = 25 3 .
I
2
2
2
6. Ta c: U AB = U AM + U MB U AB = U AM + U MB + 2UAMUMBcos( U AM, U MB).
2
V UAM = UMB v (U AM ,U MB ) =
U 2AB = U 2AM UAM = UAB = 220 V.
3
7. Ta c: ZL = L = 100 . V on mch AB c t in nn in p u AB tr pha hn
in p uAN AB - AN = - 2 AN = AB + 2
C1
L
1
1
U 2R U 2R
8. Ta c: ZC1 = 2 fC = 400 ; ZC2 = 2 fC = 200 . P1 = P2 hay 2 = 2
Z1
Z2
1
2
2
ZL
3
= H.
2 f
9. Khi C = C1 th UR = IR =
Khi C = C2 =
ZAB =
U .R
R 2 + ( Z L Z C1 ) 2
C1
th ZC2 = 2ZC1; ZAN =
2
R 2 + (Z L ZC 2 ) 2 =
Z C1 + Z C 2
= 300 ;
2
R 2 + Z L2 = R 2 + Z C21 ;
U 2 R1
U 2 R2
10. Ta c: P = 2
=
ZL =
R1 + Z L2 R22 + Z L2
R1 R2 = 40 . U =
P ( R12 + Z L2 )
= 200 V.
R1
11. Ta c: UC1 = I1ZC = 2UC2 = 2I2ZC I1 = 2I2; UR2 = I2R2 = 2UR1 = 2I1R1 = 2.2I2R1
U
R2 = 4R1; I1 =
R +Z
2
1
2
C
= 2I2 = 2
U
R +Z
2
2
2
C
R 22 + Z C2 = 4R 12 + 4Z C2
16 R 12 + Z C2 = 4R 12 + 4Z C2 ZC = 2R1 Z1 =
R2 4 R1
R1
1
2
cos 1 = Z =
; cos 2 = Z = 2 Z =
.
5
5
2
1
1
12. UAN = IZAN =
U . R 2 + Z L2
R 2 + (Z L ZC )2
R12 + Z C2 = 5 R1
1
= 2L
C
1
2
=
= 1 2 .
2 LC
2 LC
Z L1 2 f1L
Z L 2 2 f 2 L
6
=
= (2 f1)2 LC =
=
= (2 f1)2 LC
3
1
1
8 = v ZC 2
13. Ta c: ZC1
=1
4
2 f1C
2 f 2C
f 22
2
4
2 = 3 f2 =
f.
f1
3 1
14. Khi cha ni tt hai bn t, cos = 1, on mch c cng hng in, do :
Z
U2
PAB = R + R = 120 W. Khi ni tt hai bn t: tan MB = RL = 3 ZL = 3 R2;
1
2
2
UAM = UMB R1 =
3R2
U2
U2
ZL
3
=
=
tan =
= 6 ; PAB = R + R = 3R = 120
R1 + R2 3R2
3
1
2
2
U2 = 360R2;
U2
2
2
2
2
cos ' = 90 W.
Z = ( R1 + R2 ) + Z L = (3R2 ) + ( 3R2 ) = 2 3 R2. Vy: PAB =
Z'
U
1
15. Ta c: ZC =
= 40 ; ZAM = R12 + ZC2 = 40 2 ; I0 = Z AM = 1,25;
C
AM
ZC
7
tan AM = R = - 1 AM = - 4 ; i + AM = - 12
1
7
7
i = - 12 - AM = - 12 + 4 = - 3 ; i + MB = 0 MB = i = 3 ;
ZL
tan MB = R = 3 ZL = 3 R2;
2
U 0 MB
ZMB = I
= 120 = R22 + Z L2 = R22 + ( 3R2 )2 = 2R2
0
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
R2 = 60 ; ZL = 60 3 . Vy: cos =
R1 + R2
( R1 + R2 )2 + (Z L ZC )2 = 0,843.
U
U
U
16. Ta c: R = I = 4U; ZL = I = 2U; ZC = I = 5U;
C
R
L
U
U
I=
=
= 0,2 A.
Z U 42 + (2 5)2
3. Vit biu thc ca u v i trn on mch xoay chiu
* Cc cng thc:
Biu thc ca u v i: Nu i = I0cos(t + i) th u = (t + i + ).
Nu u = U0cos(t + u) th i = I0cos(t + u - ).
U
Z Z
U
Vi: I = ; I0 = 0 ; I0 = I 2 ; U0 = U 2 ; tan = L C ; ZL > ZC th u nhanh
Z
Z
R
pha hn i; ZL < ZC th u chm pha hn i.
on mch ch c in tr thun R: u cng pha vi i; on mch ch c cun thun
uAB = 100 2 cos100t (V). Vit biu thc in p tc thi hai u cun dy.
dng in trong mch l 4 A. Vit biu thc cng dng in chy trong
mch.
104
c C =
F. Khi trong mch c dng in i = 2 cost (A) chy qua th h s
1
1. Ta c: ZC =
= 100 ; U0C = I0ZC = 50 V; uC = 50cos(100t - ) (V).
2
C
1
2. Ta c: ZL = L = 100 ; ZC = C = 40 ;
Z Z
U
Z = R 2 + (Z L - Z C ) 2 = 100 ; I = = 1,2 A; tan = L C = tan370
Z
R
37
37
= 180 rad; i = 1,2 2 cos(100t - 180 ) (A); UR = IR = 96 V;
UL = IZL = 120 V; UC = IZC = 48 V.
1
3. Ta c: ZL = L = 100 ; ZC = C = 50 ; Z = R 2 + (Z L - Z C ) 2 = 100 ;
Z Z
U
4. Ta c: ZL = L = 100 ; Z =
( R + R0 ) 2 + Z L2 = 100 2 ;
ZL
1
U
=
A; tan =
= tan 4
R + R0
Z
2
63
Vy: ud = 112cos(100t - 4 + 180 ) = 112cos(100t + 10 ) (V).
1
5. Ta c: ZC =
= 50 ; i = I0cos(100t - 3 + 2 ) = - I0sin(100t - 3 ).
C
u 2
i2
u2
i2
u2
2
Khi : I 2 + U 2 = 1 hay 2 + 2 2 = 1 I0 = i + ( ) = 5 A.
I0 I 0 ZC
ZC
0
0
6. Ta c: ZL = L = 50 ; i = I0cos(100t + 3 - 2 ) = I0sin(100t + 3 ).
i2
u2
i2
u2
u 2
2
Khi : I 2 + U 2 = 1 hay 2 + 2 2 = 1 I0 = i + ( ) = 2 3 A.
ZL
I0 I0 Z L
0
0
1
3
8. Ta c: ZC =
= 20 ; - - 2 = = 4 ; tan = L C
C
4
R
UC
Z
3
ZL = ZC + R.tan = 30 L = L = 10 H; I = Z = 2,5 A.
UZC
.
Z
UZ L
.
Z
U R 2 + Z C2
R
; U 2L max = U2 + U 2R + U C2
R 2 + Z L2
Cc i ca UC theo ZC: ZC =
.
ZL
U R 2 + Z L2
Khi UCmax =
; U C2 max = U2 + U 2R + U 2L
R
Cc i ca UL theo : UL = ULmax khi =
2
.
2 LC R 2C 2
1
R2
Cc i ca UC theo : UC = UCmax khi =
.
LC 2 L2
* Bi tp minh ha:
1. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong R = 60 , cun
1
dy thun cm c t cm L =
H, t in c in
2
dung C thay i c. t vo gia hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu n
nh: uAB = 120 2 cos100t (V). Xc nh in dung ca t in cho cng sut
tiu th trn on mch t gi tr cc i. Tnh gi tr cc i .
2. Mt on mch gm R = 50 , cun thun cm c t cm L v t in c in
2.104
dung C =
F mc ni tip. t vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu
Xc nh tn s ca dng in.
1
5. Cho mch in xoay chiu gm bin tr R, cun thun cm L =
H, t in
2
104
C=
F mc ni tip vi nhau. t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu
104
in C =
F. t vo mch in p xoay chiu u = 200 2 cost (V). Tm gi
tr ca :
a) in p hiu dng trn R t cc i.
b) in p hiu dng trn L t cc i.
c) in p hiu dng trn C t cc i.
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
C
U2
Khi : Pmax =
= 240 W.
R
1
2. Ta c: ZC = 2 fC = 50 . u v i cng pha th ZL = ZC = 50
Z
1
U2
L = 2Lf = 2 H. Khi : P = Pmax =
= 242 W.
R
1
1
f=
= 60 Hz.
LC
2 LC
1
5. Ta c: ZL = L = 50 ; ZC = C = 100 ;
U 2R
U 2R
=
=
2
P = I2R = Z 2 R 2 +Z(
Z
L
C)
U2
( Z Z C)
R+ L
R
. V U, ZL v ZC khng i
( Z L ZC ) 2
nn P = Pmax th R =
(bt ng thc Csi)
R
U2
R = |ZL ZC| = 50 . Khi : Pmax =
= 484 W.
2R
U2
2
U
R
6. Ta c: ZL = L = 120 ; PR = I2R =
=
r 2 + Z L2 .
( R + r ) 2 + Z L2 R + 2r +
R
r 2 + Z L2
V U, r v ZL khng i nn PR = PRmax khi: R =
(bt ng thc Csi)
R
R= r +Z
2
2
L
U2
= 150 . Khi : PRmax =
= 83,3 W.
2( R +r)
7. Ta c: ZC = Z = 200 ;
C
U
UL = IZL = 2
= ( R 2 + Z 2 ) 1 2Z 1 + 1 .
R + (Z L ZC )2
C
C
Z L2
ZL
UZ L
2Z C
1
b
=(khi x = )
2
2
Z L 2( R + Z C )
2a
R 2 + Z C2
3,5
U R 2 + Z C2
ZL =
= 350 L = H. Khi ULmax =
= 216 V.
ZC
R
8. ZL = L = 50 ; UC = IZC =
UZ C
R 2 + (Z L ZC ) 2
U
1
1
( R 2 + Z L2 ) 2 2 Z L
+1 ;
ZC
ZC
2Z L
1
R 2 + Z L2
UC = UCmax khi Z = ZC =
= 122
ZL
2( R 2 + Z L2 )
C
1
C = Z =
C
R 2 + Z L2
= 156 V.
R
1
9. a) Ta c: UR = IR = URmax khi I = Imax; m I = Imax khi =
= 70,7 rad/s.
LC
10 4
U
F. Khi : UCmax =
1,22
UZ L
=
b) UL = IZL = Z
UL
R 2 + (L
1 2 =
)
C
U .L
1 1
L
1
.
. 4 (2 R 2 ). 2 + L2
2
C
C
UL = ULmax khi
1
2
=-
UZC
c) UC = IZC = Z =
L
R2 )
C
1
2 2
C
(2
1
C
2
= 81,6 rad/s.
2 LC R 2C 2
U .L
L
1 .
L2 4 (2 R 2 ) 2 + 2
C
C
1 2
R + ( L
)
C
L
(2 R 2 )
2
UC = UCmax khi = =
C
2
2L
2
UZ AN
10. Ta c: UAN = I.ZAN =
=
Z
U
1 2 L
=
.
2 2
C
C
1+ 2
R + 2 L2
1
R2
= 61,2 rad/s.
LC 2 L2
U R 2 + 2 L2
=
R 2 + ( L 1 )2
C
U R2 + 2 L2
R 2 + 2 L2 2 L + 21 2
C C
0
1
=
.
2LC
2
1
L
2 - 2 C = 0 hay
C
2
1
1
11. V I1 = I2 = I Z1 = Z2 hay R2 + (100L - 100 C )2 = R2 + (120L - 120 C )2
1
1
22
1
100L - 100 C = - (120L - 120 C ) 220L = 1200 C 120002 = LC
ch = 12000 2 110 = 3 I3 = Imax = I > I.
Qua bi ny c th rt ra kt lun: Vi 1 2 ( 1 < 2) m I1 = I2 = I, th khi
1 < 3 < 2 ta s c I3 = I > I.
12. Vi UL = ULmax theo L ta c: U 2L = U2 + U 2R + U C2
(1).
Mt khc U2 = U 2R + (UL UC)2 U 2R = U2 - (UL UC)2 (2).
Thay (2) vo (1) ta c: U 2L = U2 + U2 - (UL UC)2 + U C2
2U2 = U 2L - U C2 + (UL UC)2 = 128000 U = 80 (V).
13. Khi = 1 hoc = 2 th UC1 = UC2
U
U
1
1
hay R 2 + ( L 1 )2 . C = R 2 + ( L 1 )2 . C
2
1
1
2
2C
1C
1
1
L
L
12 (R2 + 12 L2 - 2 C + 2C 2 ) = 22 (R2 + 22 L2 - 2 C + 2C 2 )
1
2
1
1
L
L
12 R2 + 14 L2 - 12 2 C + 2 = 22 R2 + 42 L2 - 22 2 C + 2
C
C
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
L
1 R2
( 12 - 22 )(R2 - 2 C ) = - ( 14 - 42 )L2 12 + 22 = 2 LC - 2 (1) (vi CR2 <
L
2L).
1
R2
2
Mt khc UC = UCmax theo khi = 0 =
LC 2L
1
1
1
1
R2
R2
hay 02 = LC - 2 = 2 (2 LC - 2 ) (2). T (1) v (2) 02 = 2 ( 12 + 22 ).
2L
L
2
2
2
U
R
+
Z
L
14. Ta c: ZL = L= 20 ; UCmax =
= U 3 R = Z L = 10 2 .
2
R
5. Bi ton nhn bit cc thnh phn trn on mch xoay chiu
* Kin thc lin quan:
Cc du hiu nhn bit mt hoc nhiu thnh phn trn on mch xoay chiu
(thng gi l hp en):
Da vo lch pha x gia in p hai u hp en v dng in trong mch:
+ Hp en mt phn t:
- Nu x = 0: hp en l R.
- Nu x = 2 : hp en l L.
- Nu x = - 2 : hp en l C.
+ Hp en gm hai phn t:
pha hn uAN gc
v UMA = 3UAN. Xc nh cc loi
12
linh kin trong hp en v gi tr tr khng ca chng.
7. Trong ba hp en X, Y, Z c ba linh kin khc
loi nhau l in tr thun, cun cm thun hoc t
in. Bit khi t vo hai u on mch MN in p
uMN = 100 2 cos100t (V) th cng dng in
chy trong mch l i = 2 cos100t (A) v in p gia hai u cc on mch AB
6. Ta c: tan AN =
= - 1 = tan(- 4 ) AN = - 4 ; MA - AN = - 12
R
V uAN tr pha
so vi i nn on mch AN cha R v C tc l hp en Z cha t
4
U
in v ZAN = AN = 100 2 ZC = 100 . V u v i cng pha nn on mch c
I
cng hng in, do X l cun cm thun v ZL = ZC = 100 .
6. Dng gin vc t gii mt s bi ton v on mch xoay chiu
* Kin thc lin quan:
Trn on mch RLC ni tip th uR cng pha vi i, uL sm pha hn i gc
tr pha hn i gc
.
2
,
2
uC
Biu din bng gin vc t: U = U R + U L + U C .
Khi v gin vc t cho on mch in gm cc phn t
mc ni tip th chn trc gc trng hng vi vc t biu din cng n dng
t tng U bng cch p dng lin tip qui tc hnh bnh hnh. Nhng nn s dng
cch v thnh hnh a gic th thun li hn.
2
U AN
U R2 = 18 V.
3
trn cnh y UC nn: cos = cos( U AB ; U R ) = cos(- 6 ) =
.
2
4. Ta c: U = 150 2 V. Da vo gin vc t ta thy:
1
U 2 U d2 U R2
2
2
2
U = U d + U R + 2UdURcos d cos d =
=
.
2U dU R
10
Pd
P
Pd = UdIcos d I U cos = 2 A; Rd = d2 = 25 ;
I
d
d
3
Z
U
Zd = d = 25 10 ; ZL = Z d2 R 2 = 75 L = L =
H.
I
4
5. Theo gin Fre-nen ta c:
U 2L = U2 + U 2NB = U2 + U 2R + U C2 .
6. Theo gin Fre-nen ta c:
2
2
UL + UC = U AN
+ U MB
= 200 V; UR =
U AN .U MB
U L + UC
= 50 3 V ;
U 2AN = U 2R + U 2L v U 2MB = U 2R + U C2
2
2
2
2
U MB - U AN = U C - U L = (UC + UL)(UC - UL)
2
2
U MB
U AN
UC UL =
= 100 V UL UC = - 100 V
UC + U L
U=
V.
U R2 + (U L UC )2 = 50 7 V U0 = U 2 = 50 14
1
7. Trn gin Fre-nen ta thy: AB = AM v
2
= 3
2
2
U AB
UMB = U AM
= 50 3 V; v uMB tr pha hn uAB gc 2 nn:
5
uMB = UMB 2 cos(100t - 3 - 2 ) = 50 6 cos(100t - 6 (V).
7. My bin p Truyn ti in nng
* Cc cng thc:
U
I N
My bin p: U2 = I 1 = N2 .
1
2
1
2
r
P
2
Cng sut hao ph trn ng dy ti: Php = rI = r = P2 2 .
U
U
gim in p trn ng dy ti in: U = Ir.
P Php
Hiu sut ti in: H =
.
P
* Phng phi gii: tm cc i lng trn my bin p hoc trn ng dy ti
in ta vit biu thc lin quan n cc i lng bit v i lng cn tm t
suy ra v tnh i lng cn tm.
* Bi tp minh ha:
1. Mt my bin p c s vng dy trn cun s cp v s vng dy ca cun th
cp l 2000 vng v 500 vng. in p hiu dng v cng hin dng mch
th cp l 50 V v 6 A. Xc nh in p hiu dng v cng hiu dng mch
s cp.
2. Cun s cp v th cp ca mt my bin p c s vng ln lt l N 1 = 600
vng, N2 = 120 vng. in tr thun ca cc cun dy khng ng k. Ni hai u
cun s cp vi in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 380 V.
a) Tnh in p hai u cun th cp.
b) Ni 2 u cun th cp vi bng n c in tr 100 . Tnh cng dng
in hiu dng chy trong cun s cp. B qua hao ph my bin p.
3. Mt my pht in c cng sut 120 kW, in p hiu dng gia hai cc ca my
pht l 1200 V. truyn n ni tiu th, ngi ta dng mt dy ti in c in
tr tng cng 6 .
a) Tnh hiu sut ti in v in p hai u dy ni tiu th.
b) tng hiu sut ti in, ngi ta dng mt my bin p t ni my pht c
t s vng dy cun th cp v s cp l 10. B qua mi hao ph trong my bin p,
tnh cng sut hao ph trn dy v hiu sut ti in lc ny.
4. in nng c ti t trm tng p ti trm h p bng ng dy ti in mt
pha c in tr R = 30 . Bit in p hai u cun s cp v th cp ca my h
p ln lt l 2200 V v 220 V, cng dng in chy trong cun th cp ca
my h p l 100 A. B qua tn hao nng lng cc my bin p. Tnh in p
hai cc trm tng p v hiu sut truyn ti in. Coi h s cng sut bng 1.
5. t vo 2 u cun s cp ca mt my bin p l tng (b qua hao ph) mt
in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng khng i th in p hiu dng gia hai u
cun th cp h l 100 V. cun th cp, nu gim bt n vng dy th in p
hiu dng gia hai u h ca n l U, nu tng thm n vng dy th in p l
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
2U. Tnh in p hiu dng gia hai u cun th cp h khi tng thm 3n vng dy
cun th cp.
6. T ni sn xut n ni tiu th l hai my bin p. My tng p A c h s bin i
1
KA =
, my h p B c h s bin i KB = 15. Dy ti in gia hai bin p c in
20
tr tng cng R = 10 . B qua hao ph trong hai bin p v gi s ng dy c h s
cng sut l cos = 1. m bo ni tiu th, mng in 120 V 36 kW hot ng
bnh thng th ni sn xut in nng phi c I 1A v U1A bng bao nhiu? Tnh hiu
sut ca s ti in.
7. Mt hc sinh qun mt my bin p vi d nh s vng dy ca cun s cp gp
hai ln s vng dy ca cun th cp. Do s sut nn cun th cp b thiu mt s
vng dy. Mun xc nh s vng dy thiu qun tip thm vo cun th cp cho
, hc sinh ny t vo hai u cun s cp mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu
dng khng i, ri dng vn k xc nh t s in p cun th cp h v cun
s cp. Lc u t s in p bng 0,43. Sau khi qun thm vo cun th cp 24
vng dy th t s in p bng 0,45. B qua mi hao ph trong my bin p. Tnh s
vng dy m hc sinh ny phi tip tc qun thm vo cun th cp c my
bin p ng nh d nh.
* Hng dn gii
U
I N
N
N
1. Ta c: U2 = I 1 = N2 . U1 = N1 U2 = 200 V; I1 = N2 I2 = 1,5 A.
1
2
1
2
1
N2
2. a) Ta c: U2 = N U1 = 76 V.
1
N
U
b) Ta c: I2 = 2 = 0,76 A v I1 = N2 I2 = 0,152 A.
R
1
2
P P
P
3. a) Ta c: P = RI2 = R 2 = 60000 W = 60 kW; H = P = 0,5 = 50%;
U
P
U = IR = U R = 600 V U1 = U U = 600 V.
P P'
P2
2
b) U = 10U = 12000V; P = RI = R '2 = 600 W; H = P = 0,995 = 99,5%.
U
U2I2
4. Ta c: I1 =
= 10 A; U = I1R = 300 V; U = U1 + U = 2500 V.
U1
N2 U2
N2 n N2 n U2
n U
=
5. Ta c: N = U ; vi U2 = 100 V. V:
= U - N = U (1)
N1
N 2 N1
1
1
1
1
N2 + n N2 n U2
n U2 U
n 2U
=
+
N = U
(1). Tng t:
=
+ N = U
N1
N 2 N1 U1
1
1
1
1
(2).
T (1) v (2) suy ra:
2U 2 3U
2U 2 200
=
U=
=
V.
U1
U1
3
3
Mt khc:
N 2 + 3n N 2 3n U 2 3n U 3
=
+
=
+
=
(3).
N1
N 2 N1 U1 N1 U1
T (1) v (3) ta c:
4U 2 3U U 3
=
U3 = 4U2 3U = 200 V.
U1
U1
I
P
6. Ti B: U2B = 120 V; I2B = U B = 300 A; U1B = KB.U2B = 1800 V; I1B = K2B = 20 A.
B
2B
I
Ti A: I2A = I1B = 20 A; I1A = K2 A = 400 A; U2A = U1B + I1BR = 2000 V;
A
U1A = KAU2A = 100 V.
Cng sut truyn ti: PA = I1AU1A = 40000 W = 40 kW.
P
Hiu sut ti in: H = PB = 90%.
A
N
N + 24
7. Ta c: N2 = 0,43 v 2N
= 0,45 N2 = 516; N1 = 1200.
1
1
N + 24 + N
Ta li c: 2 N
= 0,5 N = 60 (vng).
1
8. My pht in ng c in
* Cc cng thc:
Tn s dng in do my pht in xoay chiu mt pha pht ra (tnh ra Hz):
My c 1 cp cc, rto quay vi tc n vng/giy: f = n.
My c p cp cc, rto quay vi tc n vng/giy: f = pn.
pn
My c p cp cc, rto quay vi tc n vng/pht: f =
.
60
Cng sut tiu th trn ng c in: I2r + P = UIcos .
* Bi tp minh ha:
1. Mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha c phn cm l rto gm 8 cp cc (8 cc
nam v 8 cc bc). Rto quay vi tc 300 vng/pht.
a) Tnh tn s ca sut in ng cm ng do my pht ra.
b) tn s ca sut in ng cm ng do my pht ra bng 50 Hz th rto phi
quay vi tc bng bao nhiu?
2. Mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha c 4 cp cc. Biu thc ca sut in
ng do my pht ra l: e = 220 2 cos(100t 0,5) (V). Tnh tc quay ca rto
theo n v vng/pht.
3. Mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha c phn ng gm bn cun dy ging
nhau mc ni tip. Sut in ng xoay chiu do my pht sinh ra c tn s 50 Hz
v gi tr hiu dng 100 2 V. T thng cc i qua mi vng dy ca phn ng l
5
mWb. Tnh s vng dy trong mi cun dy ca phn ng.
60
pn
=
n=
2 p = 750 vng/pht.
2 60
3 ZL1 =
R
.
3
2 pn
= 2f1;
60
2R
.
3
5. Ta c: PQ = UQIcos I =
PQ
U Q cos
= 0,5 A; ZQ =
UQ
I
= 440 ;
U
2
= 760 ; Z2 - Z Q = 384000
I
2
2
(R + RQ)2 +(ZLQ - ZCQ)2 - (R Q + (ZLQ - ZCQ)2) = (R + RQ)2 - R Q = 384000
2
(R + RQ)2 = 384000 + R Q = 712,672 R = 712,67 RQ = 360,67 361 ().
43
6. Ta c: I2r + P = UIcos 32I2 - 180I + 43 = 0 I = 8 A (loi v cng sut
hao ph qu ln, khng ph hp thc t) hoc I = 0,25 A (nhn).
Ptp
7. Ta c: Ptp = Pci + Php = 187 W; Ptp = UIcos I =
= 1 A; I0 = I 2 = 2 A
U cos
MT S CU TRC NGHIM LUYN TP
thi TN H C nm 2009
1. Mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha c phn cm l rto gm 4 cp cc (4 cc
nam v 4 cc bc). sut in ng do my ny sinh ra c tn s 50 Hz th rto
phi quay vi tc
A. 750 vng/pht.
B. 75 vng/pht. C. 25 vng/pht.
D. 480 vng/pht.
2. t mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 50 V vo hai u on mch gm
in tr thun R mc ni tip vi cun cm thun L. in p hiu dng gia hai u
R l 30 V. in p hiu dng gia hai u cun cm bng
A. 10 V.
B. 20 V.
C. 30 V.
D. 40 V.
3. t mt in p xoay chiu tn s f = 50 Hz v gi tr hiu dng U = 80 V vo hai
0,6
u on mch gm R, L, C mc ni tip. Bit cun cm thun c L =
H, t
104
in c in dung C =
F v cng sut ta nhit trn in tr R l 80 W. Gi tr
ca in tr thun R l
A. 80 .
B. 30 .
C. 20 .
D. 40 .
4. t mt in p xoay chiu vo hai u on mch ch c t in th
A. cng dng in trong on mch sm pha /2 so vi in p gia hai u
on mch.
B. dng in xoay chiu khng th tn ti trong on mch.
C. cng dng in trong on mch tr pha /2 so vi in p gia hai u
on mch.
D. tn s ca dng in trong on mch khc tn s ca in p gia hai u
on mch.
5. Khi ng c khng ng b ba pha hot ng n nh vi tc quay ca t
trng khng i th tc quay ca rto
A. lun bng tc quay ca t trng.
B. ln hn tc quay ca t trng.
RQ = ZQcos = 352 ; Z =
C. nh hn tc quay ca t trng.
D. c th ln hn hoc bng tc quay ca t trng, ty thuc ti.
6. in p gia 2 u on mch xoay chiu c biu thc u = 220 2 cos100t (V).
Gi tr hiu dng ca in p ny l
A. 110 2 V. B. 220 2 V.
C. 110 V.
D. 220 V.
7. Mt my bin p l tng c cun s cp gm 1000 vng, cun th cp gm
50 vng. in p hiu dng gia hai u cun s cp l 220 V. B qua hao ph.
in p hiu dng gia hai u cun th cp h l
A. 440 V.
B. 44 V.
C. 110 V.
D. 11 V.
8. t mt in p xoay chiu u = 100 2 cos100t (V) vo hai u on mch c
1
R, L, C mc ni tip. Bit R = 50 , cun thun cm c t cm L = H v t
2.104
in c in dung C =
F. Cng hiu dng ca dng in trong on
mch l
A. 2 A.
B. 2 A.
C. 2 2 A.
D. 1 A.
9. Khi t hiu in th khng i 12 V vo hai u mt cun dy c in tr thun
R v t cm L th dng in qua cun dy c cng 0,15 A. Nu t vo hai
u cun dy ny mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 100 V th cng
dng in hiu dng qua n l 1 A. Cm khng ca cun dy l
A. 50 .
B. 30 .
C. 40 .
D. 60 .
10. t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 120 V, tn s 50 Hz vo hai u
0,4
on mch mc ni tip gm in tr thun R = 30 , cun cm thun L = H
v t in c in dung thay i c. iu chnh in dung ca t in th in p
hiu dng gia hai u cun cm t gi tr cc i bng
A. 150 V.
B. 160 V.
C. 100 V.
D. 250 V.
11. t in p u = U0cost vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr thun
R, t in C v cun cm thun c L thay i c. Bit dung khng ca t bng R
3 . iu chnh L in p hiu dng gia hai u cun cm t cc i, khi
A. in p 2 u in tr R lch pha
so vi in p 2 u on mch.
6
B. in p 2 u t in C lch pha
so vi in p 2 u on mch.
6
C. trong mch c cng hng in.
B. U C = U R + U L + U .
2
C. U L = U R + U C + U .
D. U R = U C + U L + U .
13. Mt on mch in xoay chiu gm in tr thun, cun cm thun v t in
mc ni tip. Bit cm khng gp i dung khng. Dng vn k xoay chiu (in tr
rt ln) o in p gia hai u t in v in p gia hai u in tr th s ch
ca vn k l nh nhau. lch pha ca in p gia hai u on mch so vi
cng dng in trong on mch l
A. .
B. .
C. .
D. - .
4
6
3
3
14. in p gia hai u mt on mch l u = 150cos100t (V). C mi giy c
bao nhiu ln in p ny bng khng?
A. 100 ln.
B. 50 ln.
C. 200 ln.
D. 2 ln.
15. My bin p l thit b
A. bin i tn s ca dng in xoay chiu.
B. c kh nng bin i in p ca dng in xoay chiu.
C. lm tng cng sut ca dng in xoay chiu.
D. bin i dng in xoay chiu thnh dng in mt chiu.
16. Khi t hiu in th khng i 30V vo hai u on mch gm in tr thun
1
R mc ni tip vi cun cm thun L =
H th dng in trong on mch l
4
dng in mt chiu c cng 1 A. Nu t vo hai u on mch ny in p
u = 150 2 cos120 t (V) th biu thc ca cng dng in trong on mch l
t
) (A).
t
) (A).
A. i = 5 2 cos(120
B. i =5cos(120 +
4
4
2
t
C. i = 5 2 cos(120 +
) (A).
4
D. i = 5cos(120 t
) (A).
4
A. 150 rad/s.
B. 50 rad/s.
C. 100 rad/s.
D. 120 rad/s.
19. t in p xoay chiu u = U0cost c U0 khng i v thay i c vo hai
u on mch c R, L, C mc ni tip. Thay i th cng dng in hiu
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
dng trong mch khi = 1 bng cng dng in hiu dng khi = 2. H
thc ng l
2
2
2
1
A. 1 + 2 = LC .
B. 1. 2 = LC .
C. 1 + 2 =
. D. 1. 2 =
.
LC
LC
A. i = 4 2 cos(100t + 6 ) (A).
B. i = 5cos(100t + 6 ) (A).
C. i = 5cos(100t - 6 ) (A).
D. i = 4 2 cos(100t - 6 ) (A).
21. Trong on mch in xoay chiu gm in tr thun mc ni tip vi cun cm
thun, so vi in p hai u on mch th cng dng in trong mch c th
A. tr pha 2 .
B. tr pha 4 .
C. sm pha 2 .
D. sm pha 4 .
22. Khi truyn i mt cng sut 20 MW trn ng dy ti in 500 kV m ng
dy ti in c in tr 20 th cng sut hao ph l
A. 320 W.
B. 500 W.
C. 50 kW.
D. 32 kW.
3
3
A. - 2 .
B. .
C. 2 .
D.
.
4
4
24. Khi ng c khng ng b ba pha hot ng n nh, t trng quay trong
ng c c tn s
A. bng tn s ca dng in chy trong cc cun dy ca stato.
B. ln hn tn s ca dng in chy trong cc cun dy ca stato.
C. c th ln hn hay nh hn tn s ca dng in, ty vo ti.
D. nh hn tn s ca dng in chy trong cc cun dy ca stato.
A. i = 2 3 cos 100 t ( A) .
B. i = 2 3 cos 100 t + ( A) .
6
C. i = 2 2 cos 100 t + ( A) .
6
D. i = 2 2 cos 100 t ( A) .
6
A. 100 3 W.
B. 50 W.
C. 50 3 W.
D. 100 W.
2.10 2
27. T thng qua 1 vng dy dn l =
cos(100t - 4 ) (Wb). Biu thc
A. e = 2cos(100t - 4 ) (V)
B. e = 2cos(100t + 4 ) (V).
C. e = 2cos(100t + 2 ) (V).
D. e = 2cos100t (V).
28. Mt my bin p l tng c cun s cp 2400 vng dy, cun th cp 800 vng
dy. Ni hai u cun s cp vi in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 210 V.
in p hiu dng gia hai u cun th cp khi bin p hot ng khng ti l
A. 0.
B. 105 V.
C. 630 V.
D. 70 V.
29. t in p xoay chiu u = U0cos2ft, c U0 khng i v f thay i c vo
hai u on mch c R, L, C mc ni tip. Khi f = f0 th trong on mch c cng
hng in. Gi tr ca f0 l
1
2
2
1
A.
.
B.
.
C.
.
D.
.
2 LC
LC
LC
LC
30. t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 60 V vo hai u on mch RLC
A. u = 60 2 cos(100t - 12 ) (V).
B. u = 60 2 cos(100t - 6 ) (V).
C. u = 60 2 cos(100t + 12 ) (V).
D. u = 60 2 cos(100t + 6 ) (V).
31. Mt khung dy dn phng dt hnh ch nht c 500 vng dy, din tch mi
vng 54 cm2. Khung dy quay u quanh mt trc i xng (thuc mt phng ca
khung), trong t trng u c vect cm ng t vung gc vi trc quay v c
ln 0,2 T. T thng cc i qua khung dy l
A. 0,27 Wb.
B. 1,08 Wb.
C. 0,81 Wb.
D. 0,54 Wb.
32. Trong on mch in xoay chiu gm R, L (thun cm) v C mc ni tip th
A. in p gia hai u t in ngc pha vi in p gia hai u on mch.
B. in p gia hai u cun cm cng pha vi in p gia hai u t in.
C. in p gia hai u t in tr pha so vi in p gia hai u on mch.
D. in p gia hai u cun cm tr pha so vi in p gia hai u on mch.
33. Cho on mch xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip. Bit cc in p hiu dng
UR = 10 3 V, UL = 50 V, UC = 60 V. in p hiu dng gia hai u on mch v
lch pha gia in p hai u on mch v cng dng in chy trong mch
c gi tr l
A. U = 20 2 V; = 6 .
B. U = 20 2 V; = 3 .
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
C. U = 20 V; = - 6 .
D. U = 20 V; = - 3 .
thi H C nm 2010
34. t in p u = U 2 cost vo hai u on mch AB gm hai on mch AN v
NB mc ni tip. on AN gm bin tr R mc ni tip vi cun cm thun c t
cm L, on NB ch c t in, in dung C. t 1 =
1
. in p hiu dng
2 LC
B.
1
.
2 2
C. 21.
D. 1 2 .
A. cos 1 =
B. cos 1 =
D. cos 1 =
1
1
, cos 2 = 5 .
3
1
1
2 2
, cos 2 =
A. i = 0 cos(t + 2 ).
B. i =
cos(t + 2 ).
L
L 2
U0
U
C. i = 0 cos(t - 2 ).
D. i =
cos(t - 2 ).
L
L 2
43. t vo hai u cun s cp ca mt my bin p l tng (b qua hao ph)
mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng khng i th in p hiu dng gia hai
u cun th cp h l 100 V. cun th cp, nu gim bt n vng dy th in
p hiu dng gia hai u h ca n l U, nu tng thm n vng dy th in p
l 2U. Nu tng thm 3n vng dy cun th cp th in p hiu dng gia hai u
h ca cun ny bng
A. 100 V.
B. 200 V.
C. 220 V.
D. 110 V.
44. Ni hai cc ca mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha vo hai u on mch AB
gm in tr thun R mc ni tip vi cun cm thun. B qua in tr cc cun dy
ca my pht. Khi rto ca my quay u vi tc n vng/pht th cng hiu
dng trong on mch l 1 A. Khi rto ca my quay u vi tc 3n vng/pht th
cng hiu dng trong on mch l 3 A. Nu rto ca my quay u vi tc
2n vng/pht th cm khng ca on mch AB l
R
2R
A.
.
B. R 3 .
C.
.
D. R 3 .
3
3
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
=
0
+ = 2.
= 0 . D. 2 + 2 = 1 .
A.
. B.
C.
U 0 I0
U0 I0
U0 I0
U I
47. t in p u = U0cost c thay i c vo hai u on mch gm cun
cm thun c t cm L, in tr thun R v t in c in dung C mc ni tip.
1
Khi <
th
LC
A. in p hiu dung gia hai u in tr thun R bng in p hiu dng gia
hai u on mch.
B. in p hiu dng gia hai u in tr thun R nh hn in p hiu dng
gia hai u on mch.
C. cng dng in trong on mch tr pha so vi in p gia hai u on
mch.
D. cng dng in trong on mch cng pha vi in p gia hai u on
mch.
48. Mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha c phn cm l rto quay vi tc
375 vng/pht. Tn s ca sut in ng cm ng m my pht to ra l 50 Hz. S
cp cc ca rto bng
A. 12.
B. 4.
C. 16.
D. 8.
49. t in p u = U0cost vo hai u cun cm thun c t cm L. Ti thi
im in p gia hai u cun cm c ln cc i th cng dng in qua
cun cm bng
U0
U
U
A.
.
B. 0 .
C. 0 .
D. 0.
2 L
L
L 2
50. t in p u = 220 2 cos100t (V) vo hai u on mch AB gm hai on
mch AM v MB mc ni tip. on AM gm in tr thun R mc ni tip vi
cun cm thun L, on MB ch c t in C. Bit in p gia hai u on mch
AM v in p gia hai u on mch MB c gi tr hiu dng bng nhau nhng
2
lch pha nhau
. in p hiu dng gia hai u on mch AM bng
3
220
A. 220 2 V.
B.
V.
C. 220 V.
D. 110 V.
3
51. Mt ng c khng ng b ba pha mc theo kiu hnh sao c ni vo mch
in ba pha c in p pha UPha = 220V. Cng sut in ca ng c l 6,6 3 kW;
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
h s cng sut ca ng c l
dy ca ng c bng
A. 20 A.
B. 60 A.
C. 105 A.
D. 35 A.
52. Mt khung dy dn phng dt hnh ch nht c 500 vng dy, din tch mi
vng l 220 cm2. Khung quay u vi tc 50 vng/giy quanh mt trc i xng
nm trong mt phng ca khung dy, trong mt t trng u c vc t cm ng t
vung gc vi trc quay v c ln 2 T. Sut in ng cc i trong khung
B
5
dy bng
A. 110 2 V.
B. 220 2 V.
C. 110 V.
D. 220 V.
53. t in p u = 200cos100t (V) vo hai u on mch gm mt bin tr R
1
mc ni tip vi mt cun cm thun c t cm H. iu chnh bin tr
cng sut ta nhit trn bin tr t cc i, khi cng dng in hiu dng
trong on mch bng
A. 1 A.
B. 2 A.
C. 2 A.
D. 2 A.
2
54. t in ap xoay chiu vao hai u oan mach gm in tr thun 40 va tu
2
60. Cun s cp v cun th cp ca mt my bin p l tng c s vng dy ln
lt l N1 v N2. Bit N1 = 10N2. t vo hai u cun s cp mt in p xoay
chiu
u = U0cost th in p hiu dng hai u cun th cp h l
U
U
U 2
A. 0 .
B. 0
.
C. 0 .
D. 5 2 U0.
20
10
20
A. i = 2cos(100t )(A) .
B. i = 2 2 cos(100t )(A) .
2
2
C. i = 2 2 cos(100t + )(A) .
D. i = 2cos(100t + )(A) .
2
2
63. Pht biu no sau y l sai khi ni v on mch in xoay chiu ch c t
in?
A. H s cng sut ca on mch bng khng.
B. Cng sut tiu th ca on mch l khc khng.
C. Tn s gc ca dng in cng ln th dung khng ca on mch cng nh.
dng nhng lch pha nhau 3 , cng sut tiu th trn on mch AB trong trng
hp ny bng
A. 75 W.
B. 160 W.
C. 90 W.
D. 180 W.
69. Mt hc sinh qun mt my bin p vi d nh s vng dy ca cun s cp
gp hai ln s vng dy ca cun th cp. Do s sut nn cun th cp b thiu mt
s vng dy. Mun xc nh s vng dy thiu qun tip thm vo cun th cp
cho , hc sinh ny t vo hai u cun s cp mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr
hiu dng khng i, ri dng vn k xc nh t s in p cun th cp h v
cun s cp. Lc u t s in p bng 0,43. Sau khi qun thm vo cun th cp
24 vng dy th t s in p bng 0,45. B qua mi hao ph trong my bin p.
Ngi vit: Dng Vn ng Trng THPT Nguyn Vn Linh, Bnh Thun
A. .
B. .
C. .
D. .
2
3
6
4
81. Mt my tng p c cun th cp mc vi in tr thun, cun s cp mc vi
ngun in xoay chiu. Tn s dng in trong cun th cp
A. c th nh hn hoc ln hn tn s trong cun s cp.
B. bng tn s dng in trong cun s cp.
C. lun nh hn tn s dng in trong cun s cp.
D. lun ln hn tn s dng in trong cun s cp.
82. Mt on mch in xoay chiu gm mt t in v mt cun cm thun mc
ni tip. lch pha gia in p hai u t in v in p hai u on mch
bng
A.
.
2
B. .
C. 0 hoc .
D.
hoc .
6
6
E0 3
2
B.
2 E0
3
C.
E0
2
D.
E0 2
2
1
s.
100
B.
1
s.
200
C.
1
s.
50
D.
1
s.
25
86. Khi truyn in nng c cng sut P t ni pht in xoay chiu n ni tiu
th th cng sut hao ph trn ng dy l P. cho cng sut hao ph trn ng
P
dy ch cn l
(vi n > 1), ni pht in ngi ta s dng mt my bin p (l
n
tng) c t s gia s vng dy ca cun s cp v s vng dy ca cun th cp l
1
1
A. n .
B.
.
C. n.
D. .
n
n
p n cc cu trc nghim luyn tp
1 A. 2 D. 3 D. 4 A. 5 C. 6 D. 7 D. 8 A. 9 D. 10 B. 11 A. 12 C. 13 A. 14 A. 15 B. 16
D. 17 C. 18 D. 19 0 B. 20 B. 21 B. 22 D. 23 D. 24 A. 25 A. 26 C. 27 B. 28 D. 29 D.
30 C. 31 D. 32 C. 33 C. 34 D. 35 B. 36 C. 37 A. 38 A. 39 C. 40 B. 41 B. 42 C. 43 B.
44 C. 45 D. 46 D. 47 B. 48 D. 49 D. 450C. 51 A. 52 B. 53 A. 54 A. 55 B. 56 A. 57
B. 58 C. 59 D. 60 B. 61 A. 62 A. 63 B. 64 A. 65 A. 66 C. 67 B. 68 C. 69 D. 70 A.
71 C. 72 B. 73 B. 74 C. 75 C. 76 A. 77 A. 78 C. 79 A. 80 B. 81 B. 82 C. 83 B. 84 A.
85 A. 86 B.
C - KT LUN
Thc t ging dy v kt qu cc bi kim tra, bi thi trong cc nm hc qua
ni cc trng ti ging dy (THPT Bi Th Xun, THPT Nguyn Vn Linh,
Bnh Thun) cho thy nu cc em hc sinh nhn c dng cc cu hi trc nghim
nh lng trong cc thi th vic gii cc cu ny s cho kt qu kh tt.
Trong thi tuyn sinh H v C cc nm 2010, 2011 c mt s cu trc
nghim nh lng kh di v kh nn nhiu th sinh khng lm kp. gip cc em
nhn dng gii nhanh mt s cu trc nghim nh lng, ti a vo trong ti
liu ny mt s dng bi tp c xem l mi vi cch gii c coi l ngn gn
nht (theo suy ngh ch quan ca bn thn ti) cc ng nghip v cc em hc
sinh tham kho. t c kt qu cao trong cc k thi th cc em hc sinh nn
gii nhiu luyn tp rn luyn k nng nhn dng t a ra phng n ti
u gii nhanh v chnh xc tng cu. Nu c nhng cu kh v di qu th nn
dnh li gii sau cng. Nu sp ht gi m cha gii ra mt s cu no th
cng ng b trng, hy la chn mt phng n m mnh cho l kh thi nht t
vo la chn (d sao vn cn xc sut 25%).
Ti liu ch trnh by c mt phn ca chng trnh Vt L 12. Cch gii
cc bi tp theo suy ngh ch quan ca ti cho l ngn gn nhng cha chc l ngn
gn lm v chc chn s khng trnh khi nhng thiu st trong cch phn dng
cng nh cch gii cc bi tp minh ha. Rt mong nhn c nhng nhn xt, gp
ca cc qu ng nghip xy dng c mt tp ti liu hon ho hn.
Xin chn thnh cm n.
Dng Vn ng
MC LC
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
NI DUNG
TRANG
A PHN M U
1
B NI DUNG
2
1. i cng v dng in xoay chiu
2
2. Tm cc i lng trn on mch xoay chiu c R, L, C
4
3. Vit biu thc ca u v i trn on mch xoay chiu
9
4. Bi ton cc tr trn on mch xoay chiu
11
5. Bi ton nhn bit cc thnh phn trn on mch xoay chiu
17
6. Dng gin vc t gii mt s bi ton v on mch
19
xoay chiu
7. My bin p Truyn ti in nng
22
8. My pht in ng c in
24
Mt s cu trc nghim luyn tp
26
thi TN H C nm 2009
26
thi H C nm 2010
31
thi TN H C nm 2011
35
p n cc cu trc nghim luyn tp
39
C . KT LUN
40
TI LIU THAM KHO
Ch tch HKH C S
(K, ng du, ghi r h tn)
Sang
kien
nghiem :
kinh