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Trnh t thit k
I. Thit k s b
1. Kho st thc a, ly s liu
Qua vic tm hiu hi trng kch thc hnh hc l :
a b h = 24m 15m 7m
2. Chn ri yu cu
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
- ri c ly lm tiu chun u tin v quan trng nht trong
thit k chiu sng ni tht. Cn c vo ni dung v hot ng ca hi
trng th c ri nh sau:
- Mc 1: c Eyu cu = 500 Lx
- Mc 2: c Eyu cu = 300 Lx
- V thng s b phn x
+ H s phn x ca trn: 1 = 0.5 (trn p g mu
)
+ H s phn x ca tng: 3 = 0.5
+ H s phn x ca sn nh: 4 = 0.1
* Vi ri Eyc = 500 Lx
1.Xc nh cp chiu sng v b n
a)Kiu chiu sng
- Kiu chiu sng cn c la chn ph hp vi cc hot ng
thng din ra trong phng. Thng cc khng gian c hot ng thng
thng: vn phng, phng hc, siu th th chn cc phng n kiu trc
tip hoc bn gin tip. Cc khng gian sinh hot, t dinh, khu vui chi
gii tr, tip khch thng chn kiu chiu sng hn hp hoc gin tip.
- Kiu chiu sng trc tip tng cng: dung nhng ni c chiu cao
tng i ln, ri yu cu cao hoc l chiu sng cc b. Khi
tng v khng gian xung quanh s ti.
- Kiu chiu sng trc tip v bn gin tip thng to c khng
gian c tin nghi tt. C mt phng lm vic v tng u c chiu
sng theo mt t l thch hp. Thng ng dng cho chiu sng chung,
cc hot ng thng thng.
- Kiu chiu sng gin tip v bn gin tip: c ng dng ni c
ri thp, tnh thm m v trang tr cao thng ng dng trong t gia,
khng gian gii tr.
Vi hi trng l ni din ra cc hot ng vn ho, vn ngh, cc
cuc hc chnh tr cho sinh vin v nhiu cuc hi tho th chn kiu
chiu sng trc tip rng v bn gin tip.
b)Chn b n
Chn b n cn c vo kiu chiu sng la chn ng thi quan
tm n tnh thm m. Nh vy, trong hi trng th ta chn b n c k
hiu: 0,37G + 0,06 T k hiu DOMINO 265
2.Chn loi n.
Vic chn loi n ph thuc vo cc yu t
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
- Cn c u tin phi ph hp ri yu cu vi nhit mu
ca n theo biu Kioff
- Ch s hon mu phi p ng c yu cu v cht lng nh
sng cho cng vic din ra trong phng
- Tnh kinh t : hiu sut pht quang
- Thi gian khi ng, hiu ng nhp nhy c bit l cho nhng
ng dng chiu sng d phng nhng ni cng cng hoc chiu
sng cho nhng ni quan st chuyn ng.
C mt s n thng dng:
- n hunh quang: nh vo hiu sut pht quang cao, ch s
hon mu t tiu chun, nn n c ng dng rng ri nht trong
chiu sng ni tht.
- n si t: c hiu sut pht quang thp, tui th thp nhng
cht lng hon mu cao (ch s hon mu cao) c ng dng nhng
ni c ri thp, hoc c s dng trong chiu sng cc b, n bn,
n my cng c, n trang tr.
Vic chiu sng cho hi trng ta dung n hunh quang c
= 5100 Lm
3. Chn chiu cao t n.
h : l khong cch t b n n mt phng lm vic
h: l khong cch t b n n trn
h l thng s hnh hc quan trng nht trong cc thng s k thut
quyt nh cht lng thit k.
Khi chn h cn cn nhc kt cu cng trnh, dm nh qut trn
V nguyn tc nh cao, c iu kin chn h ln th s t c
ng u nh sng v hiu sut cao v khi s s dng c bng c
cng sut ln, quang thng ln, thng bng c hiu sut cao hn.
V theo kt cu ngi nh th ta chn n st trn ngha l h = 0\
4. B tr cc b n v s b n ti thiu Nmin
+) B tr cc b n
- Cc bng tra c lp ra trn c s cc b n b tr theo tnh cht
t chc li ch nht trn trn
- Gi tr m, n, q s quyt n vic b tr ng u nh sng v tng
quan v ri gia tng v mt phng lm vic.
+) S b n ti thiu cho mt khng gian Nmin
Vi mt khng gian c chiu cao 7m, kch thc a = 24m, b = 15m t
sau khi chn h v cp ca b n c th xc nh c s im t n t
nht trn trn n bo c ng u nh sng trn mt phng
lm vic.
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
n
T cp ca b n: h = 1.5
max
h = H 0.85 = 6.15 (m)
m.n < 1,5 . 6.15 = 9.225(m)
V gi tr ca m, n ph thuc vo p, q
1
3
1
2
=> m (n) p( q ) m ( n )
Xt theo phng a
S b n : x =
a
24
=
= 2 .6
9.225 9.225
Chn x = 3 b
Ly p = 0.5 m
=> 2m + 0,5. 2m = 24
=>m = 8 (m)
Chn m = 8 (m) nh vy p = 4 (m)
Xt theo phng b
S b n: y =
b
15
=
= 1.6
9.225 9.225
Chn y = 2 b
Ly q = 0.5 n
=> n + 0,5. 2n = 15
=> n = 7,5 (m)
Chn n = 8 (m), nh vy q = 3,5 (m)
Vy s b n nh nht l x y = 3 2 = 6 b
5. Tnh quang thng tng cn cp: tt
Quang thng tng l thng s quan trng nht dng lm c s tnh ra s
b n v li phn b
- Tnh quang thng tng cn cp:
tt =
a.b. .E yc
K sd
S . .E yc
k sd
tt =
S . .E yc
U d . d + U i .i
a.b
24.15
24.15.1,3.500
= 829787 ( Lm)
0,282
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
- S b n cn t:
tt
829787
N = n. = 2.5100 = 84 b
bd
V kch thc hi trng l hnh ch nht 24 15 m c 84 b n. Nn
ta ly theo phng a l 12 b v theo phng b l 7 b.Lc , khong
cch m, n, p ,q:
+) Theo phng a: Ly p = 0,5m
11m + 2.0,5m = 24
=> m = 2 (m). Vy p = 1(m)
+) Theo phng b: Ly q = 0,75n
6n + 2.0,75n = 15
=> n = 2 (m). Vy q = 1,5 (m)
N .F .
( Fu'' . Ri + Si )
a.b. .1000
Trong : N: l s b n
F: l quang thng tng ca mt b n
Fu :l quang thng tng i ring phn mt phng lm
vic
Cc ch s Ri,Si tra c bng trang118, c th ta tnh ton c nh
sau:
K = 1,5 , j = 0
2mn
2.2.2
24.1 + 15.1,5
Kp
0,194
= 0,325 = 0,6
Km
=> Kp = 0,6 Km
Tra bng ni suy ta c:
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
Vi K = 1,5 ta c:
T Km = 0,5
T Km = 0,5 Kp = 0,3
+) Ni suy cp Kp:
546 493
528,6 503,6
( 0,325 0,5) = 494,85
1 0,5
R1
S1
Cp d Cp i
-0,169 251
1067
-0,171 256
1065
-0,165 241
1071
R3
-1,414
-1,671
-0,9
S3
Cp d Cp i
1478 251
1736 256
962
241
R4
0,723
0,714
0,741
S4
Cp d Cp i
315
407
325
424
295
375
84.2.5100.0,37
[ 0,741.494,85 + 295]
1000.1,3.24.15
= 448,2 (Lx)
''
V cp gin tip vi Fu = 0
N .F . d
S 4i
E4i =
1000. .a.b
84.2.5100.0,06
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
E4 = E4d + E4i = 448,2 + 41,192 = 489,392 (Lx)
- ri ln tng E3:
84.2.5100.0,37
ri ln trn :
84.2.5100.0,37
[ 0,165.494,85 + 241] = 107,94 (Lx)
1000.1,3.24.15
84.2.5100.0,06
E1i =
.1071 = 117,6 (Lx)
1000.1,3.24.15
E1d =
500 489,592
.100% = 2% < 10% t yu cu
500
t yu cu
i vi lao ng tinh: r 20
i vi lao ng th: r 50
1.E1 0,5.225,54
=
= 35,91 (Cd/m2)
chi khi nhn trn: Ltrn =
3,14
I ( = 75o )
Sbk
a =1,7 m
b = 0,6 m
c = 0,25 m
B n c:
chi ngang ca b n di d v 75o l:
Sbk = a.b.cos75o + a.c.sin75o = 1,7.0,6.cos75o + 1,7.0,25.sin75o = 0,675 m2
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
I ( = 75o ) .
45.2.5100
= 459 (Cd)
1000
1000
459
= 680 (Cd/m2)
=> L ( = 75o ) =
0,675
680
=18,93 < 50 , t yu cu
=> r =
35,91
Ing =
chi dc ca b n di d v 75o l:
I ( = 75o ) . 30.2.5100
=
= 306 (Cd)
1000
1000
Id =
306
= 746,34 (Cd/m2)
0,41
746,34
= 20,78 < 50 , t yu cu
26,53
Nh vy vi s b n l 84 b v mi b c hai bng th m bo u nh
sng v nh sng.
a.b. .E yc
K sd
, chn = 1,3
Ta c K = h(a + b) =1,5
Tra bng bng K = 1,5 ta c: Ud =0,69 Ui = 0,44
=.> Ksd = 0,69.0,37 + 0,06.0,44 = 0,282
=> tt =
24.15.1,3.300
= 518617 (Lm)
0,282
S b n cn t l:
N=
tt 518617
=
= 51 b
n. 2.5100
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
hp l. m bo tnh thm m v gii quyt kinh t ta chn s b n
l 48.
Hi trng c kch thc hnh ch nht 24m 15m, nn ta chn s b
n theo phng ngang l 12 b v theo phng b l 4 b.
Lc , khong cch m,n, p, q l :
Theo phng a: chn m = 2 (m) v p = 1(m)
Theo phng b: chn n = 4 (m) v q = 1(m)
N .F .
.( Fu'' .Ri + Si )
a.b.1000.
: j =0
Ch s li
: Km =
Ch s gn
Kp
2.2.4
= 0,434
6,15.(2 + 4)
24.1 + 15.1
= 0,163
: Kp =
6,15( 24 + 15)
0,163
= 0,375 => Kp = 0,375 Km
K m 0,434
K m = 0,5 = >K p = 0,1875
Ti K =1,5:
K m =1 = >K p = 0,375
K p = 0 = >Fu'' = 435
T Km = 0,5 , Kp = 0,1875 =>
(*)
''
K p = 0,25 = >Fu = 493
K p = 0 = >Fu'' = 384
Km = 1 , Kp = 0,375 =>
(**)
''
K p = 0,5 = >Fu = 510
Ni suy cp Kp :
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
493 435
.( 0,1875 0 ) = 478,5
0,25 0
510 384
.( 0,375 0 ) = 478,5
T (**)=>Fu = 384 +
0,5 0
Vy vi K = 1,5 ta c Fu = 478,5
S dng php ni suy ta cng tnh c Ri v Si
K R1
S1
R3
S3
Cp d Cp i
Cp d Cp i
2,5 -0,169
251
1067 -1,414 1474 251
3
-0,171
256
1065 -1,671 1736 256
1,5 -0,165
241
1071 -0,9
962
241
R4
0,723
0,714
0,741
S4
Cp d Cp i
315
407
325
424
295
375
48.2.5100.0,37
N .F . d
[ 0,741.478,5 + 295] = 251,43 (Lx)
. R4. Fu'' + S 4 d =
1000.1,3.24.15
1000. .a.b
N .F .i
48.2.5100.0,06
.S 4i
. 375 = 23,54
1000. .a.b
= 1000.1,3.24.15
(Lx)
E 4d =
E4i
=> E4 = E 4d + E4i = 274,97 (Lx)
ri trn tng
48.2.5100.0,37
300 274,97
.100% = 8,3 % 10%
300
t tiu chun
t tiu chun
10
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
chi ca trn:
Theo hng ngang:
1. 1
Ltrn = =
L ( = 75 )
o
0,5.129,94
= 20,69 (Cd/m2)
3,14
I ( = 75o )
=
S bk
Trong :
Ing =
I ( = 75o ). 45.2.5100
=
= 459 (Cd)
1000
1000
S = a.b.cos75o + a.c.sin75o
=1,7.0,6.cos75o + 1,7.0,25.sin75o = 0,675
459
2
L ( = 75o ) = 0,675 = 680 (Cd \ m )
680
t yu cu
I ( = 75o ). 30.2.5100
=
= 376 (Cd)
S bk
1000
306
2
L ( = 75o ) = 0,41 = 746,34 (Cd \ m )
746,34
11
Bi tp di mn Chiu Sng
Nhm 1. H K2 in C
12