Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Ngy 01 / 01 /2012 Tit : 37; 38 BI 20: S N MN KIM LOI I.Chun kin thc, k nng cn t: 1) Kin thc. - HS hiu : - Khi nim s n mn kim loi, n mn ho hc, n mn in ho. - iu kin xy ra s n mn kim loi. - Bit cc bin php bo v kim loi khi b n mn. 2) K nng: - Phn bit c n mn ho hc v n mn in ho mt s hin tng thc t. - S dng v bo qun hp l mt s dng bng kim loi v hp kim da vo nhng c tnh ca chng. II. Chun b. - GV: Bng ph v hnh 5.6: n mn in ho hc hp kim ca st. - Th nghim v n mn in ho hc: dd H 2SO4 1M, cc thu tinh 100ml, dy dn, bng n, thanh kim loi Zn v thanh ng, mnh ba cng. - HS: Kin thc c v tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi. III. Tin trnh bi dy: 1. n nh lp, kim tra s s 2. Bi c: - Khng kim tra 3. Bi mi:

Hot ng ca GV v hc sinh Hot ng 1 Trng THPT Nguyn Tri GV cho HS c SGK tr li cu hi sau: - th no l s n mn kim loi? ? V sao KL v hp kim d b n mn ? ? Bn cht ca n mn KL l g ? GV gi HS t nu ra KN s n mn KL v bn cht ca s n mn KL Hot ng 2 GV : Da vo SGK hy cho bit th no l n mn ho hc ? c im ca n mn ho hc ? Bn cht ca n mn ho hc ? ? n mn ho hc thng sy ra u ? ly VD ? Hot ng 3 GV da vo (SGK) cho bit th no l n mn in ho ? Gv da vo hnh 5.5 (SGK) nu cch tin hnh th nghim yu cu Hs d on hin tng

Ni dung ghi I)Khi nim n mn GV: Lloi: kim Th Hu - S n mn Kl l s ph hu KL hoc hp kim do tc dng ca cc cht trong mi trng xung quanh M Mn+ + ne II) Cc dng n mn kim loi: 1) n mn ho hc: - Khi nim: (SGK) - c im: khng pht sinh dng in,t0 cng cao tc n mn cng nhanh. - Bn cht : l qu trnh oxi ho kh trong cc e ca KL c chuyn trc tip n cc cht trong mi trng. VD : 3Fe + 4 H2O t Fe3O4 + 4 H2 2Fe + 3Cl2 2 FeCl3 3 Fe + 2O2 Fe3O4 2) n mn in ho hc: a. Khi nim: (SGK) * Th nghim: (SGK) * Hin tng : + L Zn (cc -) tan nhanh + n sng ( kim vn k quay ) + L Cu ( cc +) c bt kh H2 thot ra * Gii thch: + cc m (ant) km b n mn theo phn ng: Zn Zn2+ + 2e + n sng c dng chuyn di t cc (-) n cc dng ca Cu qua dy dn. + L Cu (+) : bt kh H2 thot ra 2H+ +2e -> H2 * Kt qu: l Zn b n mn in ho nhanh trong dd cht in li v to ra dng in. b) n mn in ho hc hp kim ca st trong khng kh m: VD: Ly s n mn gang trong khng kh m Cc (+) st b oxi ho thnh ion 2+ Fe Fe Fe2+ +2e
0

Da vo kin thc hc v t/c KL hy gii thch hin tng trn ? GV b sung Cc (-) KL mnh KL KL hc Cc (+) KL yu PK T/C ho

GV: Cho HS quan st hnh 5.6 (sgk)

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Hot ng 5 : Cng c + Lm BT vn dng kin thc : BT 4, 5, 6 trang 95 SGK + Gii thch hin tng thc t : dng bng tn dng bn hn dng bng st ty. + Quan st th nghim v gii thch hin tng : ly 2 ng nghim ng dd HCl nh nhau, sau cho vo mi ng 1 vin Zn, thy kh thot ra 2 ng l nh nhau. cho tip vo 1 trong 2 ng 5 git dd CuSO 4 5%. Quan st hin tng xy ra 2 ng nghim.

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Ngy 04/ 01 /2012 Tit 39: Luyn tp s n mn kim loi I) Chun kin thc, k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc - Cng c kin thc v bn cht ca s n mn kim loi, cc kiu n mn kim loi v cch chng n mn 2. K nng - Rn k nng tnh ton lng KL theo cc pp hoc i lng c lin quan II) Chun b GV: Chun b cu hi v bi tp HS : n tp kin thc III: Tin trnh dy hc 1. Kim tra bi c ( xen k gi) 2. Bi mi Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 I: S n mn kim loi GV cho HS cng c v s n mn a) Khi nim KL S n mn Kl l s ph hu KL ? Th no l s n mn KL ? hoc hp kim do tc dng ca cc cht trong mi trng xung quanh b) Phn loi : c 2 loi ? C my kiu n mn KL ? Bn + n mn ho hc :B/C. L qu cht ca s n mn KL ? trnh oxi ho - kh din ra ngay - C ch v K ca n mn ho trn cng mt phn ng ho hc. hc v n mn in ho hc + n mn in ho :B/C. L qu - Cc yu t nh hng n tc trnh oxi ho - kh din ra cc n mn ho hc v n mn in cc in ho c) Bo v kim loi Hot ng 2 - Phng php bo v b mt ? Cho bit nguyn tc bo v KL ( chng n mn ) v 1s bin php - Phng php in ho c th no quan trng nht ? v sao ngi ta hay dng Zn , thic bo v cc vt lm bng st ? V sao cn phi gi gn lp bo v , trnh II: Bi tp Sy st , nhng vt xy st Bi tp 1 din bin n mn KL s xy ra nh MxOy + yH2 xM + y th no ? H2O

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu nH 2 = 8,96 = 0,4mol 22,4

Hot ng 3 GV giao bi tp cho HS kh hon ton 23,2 g 1 oxit Kl cn dng 8,96 lit H2 (KTC) KL l A. Mg B Ca C Fe D. Cr GV cho HS (Tho lun nhm)

Theo (1) ta c s mol nguyn t oxi trong oxit l 0,4 mol Khi lng KL , M trong 23,2 g oxit l 23,2-(0,4 .16 ) = 16,8 g -Ch c s mol KL , M l 0,3 v nguyn t khi ca M l 56 mi ph hp Bi tp 2: V khng bit ho tr ca KL ,M nn k hiu ho tr ca M l n ta c 2M + 2n HCl 2M Cln + nH2 (1)

Hot ng 4 GV giao bi tp cho HS ( Tho lun theo nhm ) Cho 9,6 g bt KL , M vo 500 ml dd HCl 1M . Khi phn ng kt thc thu c 5,376 lit H2 ( KTC) kim loi M l

nH 2 =

5,376 = 0,24mol 22,4

Theo (1) s mol khi lng M l

0,24.2 0,48 0,48 = (mol ) Tac .M = 96 n n n 9,6 M = (2) 0,48

Bin lun n=1 thay vo (2) ta c M=20 A. Mg B. Ca C. Ba (khng c Kl no ) D. Fe n =2 thay vo( 2 ) ta c M=40 . l Ca GV hng dn HS -> nhn xt kt n =3 thay vo (2) ta c M=60 lun (khng c KL no ) Suy lun nhanh, da vo p n cho th KL ho tr 2 ta c M + 2HCl MCl 2 + H2
nM = nH 2 = 0,24mol

M=

9,6 = 40 g / mol l Ca 0,24

Vy p n ng l B 3. Cng c , luyn tp : - BT : in phn nng chy mui clorua ca KL,M catot thu c 6g KL v anot c 3,36 lit kh (KTC ) thot ra mui clorua l : A: NaCl B: BaCl2 C: KCl D: CaCl2 Dpnc - p n ng: D : V : 2MCln 2M + Cl2
nH 2 = 3,36 = 0,15mol 22,4

Theo pt nH =
2

0,15 0,3 = n n

Ta c

0,3 .M = 6 n=1 -> M=20 n

loi

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

n=2 -> M =40 -> Ca -> Mui CaCl2 4. Hng dn v nh: Bi tp 5.72,5.73,5.74 5.76 (SBT) trang 44

Ngy 05/ 01 /2012 Tit 40: Bi thc hnh tnh cht, iu ch kim loi, s n mn kim loi I: Chun kin thc, k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc: HS bit: mc ch, cch tin hnh, k thut thc hin cc th nghim: + so snh mc phn ng ca Al, Fe v Cu vi ion H+ trong dd HCl + Fe p/ vi Cu2+ trong dd CuSO4 + Zn phn ng vi: dd H2SO4 v dd H2SO4 c thm vi git dd CuSO4. 2.K nng: - S dng dng c v ho cht tin hnh an ton, tghnh cng cc th nghim trn. - Quan st th nghim, nu hin tng, gii thch v vit cc ptp ho hc. Rt ra nhn xt. - Vit tng trnh th nghim. II: Chun b GV : Ho cht: Na, Mg, Fe, (inh st nh hoc dy st ) dd: HCl, H2SO4, CuSO4 Dng c : ng nghim , gi ng nghim, n cn , a hoc giy gip HS: n tp kin thc III: Tin trnh dy hc 1. Kim tra bi c: 2. Bi mi: Hot ng ca gio vin v Ni dung th nghim hc sinh

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Hot ng 1 1: Th nghim 1: Dy in ho GV cho HS tin hnh th ca kim loi nghim nh (SGK) a) Tin hnh th nghim ( SGK) b) Quan st hin tng xy ra Hc sinh tin hnh th - Cc (1) Kh thot ra nhanh nghim, quan st th nghim - Cc (2) Kh thot ra chm nhn xt, gii thch ? - Cc (3) Khng c kh thot ra c) Gii thch 2H+ + 2e H2 Fe2+ + 2e Fe Al3+ Al + 3e Do Al hot ng mnh nn kh thot ra nhanh hn Fe . Cu khng phn ng Hot ng 2 2.Th nghim 2: iu ch kim loi - Gv lu cho HS nh tht bng cch dng KL mnh kh ion sch g ca inh st p/ ca KL yu trong dung dch xy ra nhanh hn a) Tin hnh th nghim (SGK) - HS tin hnh th nghim nh b) Gii thch vit PTHH (SGK) Quan st th nghim, rt ra Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu kt lun, gii thch , vit PTHH 3.Th nghim 3: n mn in ho hc a) Tin hnh th nghim (SGK) Hot ng 3 - Nhn xt : quan st thy bt kh GV cho HS tin hnh th trong 2 ng nghim thot ra nhiu , nghim (SGK) khi cho thm vo 1 ng nghim vi HS tin hnh th nghim , git dd CuSO4 ta thy lng kh thot quan st hin tng xy ra ? gii trong ng nghim va cho dd CuSO4 thch , rt ra kt lun . tng mnh - Gii thch : Hin tng khi cho dd CuSO4 vo ng nghim cha Zn v dd H2SO4 : Bt kh nhiu hn v c p/ Zn + Cu2+ Zn2+ + Cu Cu bm trn mt vin km, trong dd H2SO4 to ra nhng pin in, KL mnh hn l Zn b ph hu nhanh hn. 3.Cng vic cui bui thc hnh GV: Nhn xt nh gi bui thc hnh HS : Thu dn dng c, ho cht, v sinh phng th nghim, lp hc , vit tng trnh th nghim theo mu

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

4. Hng dn v nh : c trc bi KLK , v hp cht ca KL kim

Ngy: 12/01/2012 Chng 6: Kim loi kim, Kim loi kim th, Nhm Tit 41, 42 bi 25: Kim loi kim v hp cht quan trng ca kim loi kim I. Chun kin thc, k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc: - HS bit: + v tr, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca kim loi kim. + mt s ng dng quan trng ca kim loi kim v mt s hp cht quan trng ca KL kim nh: NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, KNO3. - HS hiu: - t/c vt l (mm. khi lng ring nh, nhit nng chy thp). - t/c ho hc: tnh kh mnh nht trong s cc kim loi ( p/ vi axit, nc, phi kim)

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

- trng thi t nhin ca NaCl. - phng php iu ch kim lai kim ( in phn mui halogenua nng chy) - t/c ho hc ca mt s hp cht: NaOH ( kim mnh); NaHCO 3 ( lng tnh, phn hu bi nhit); Na2CO3 ( mui cua axit yu); KNO3 ( tnh i ho mnh khi un nng). 2. K nng - D on tnh cht ho hc, kim tra d on bng th nghim v kt lun v tnh cht ca n cht v mt s hp cht kim loi kim. - Quan st th nghim, hnh nh, s rt ra c nhn xt v tnh cht, phng php iu ch. - Vit PTHH minh ho t/c ho hc ca kim loi kim v mt s h/c ca chng, vit s in phn iu ch kim loi kim. - Gii mt s BT v tnh % v khi lng mui KL kim trong hn hp phn ng. II: chun b 1. GV: Bng tun hon , bng ph ghi mt s hng s vt l ca KL kim. S thng pnc NaCl. ho cht v dng c lm th nghim: Na t/d vi H2O, O2. t/c ca NaOH, NaHCO3, p/ nhit phn KNO3. 2. HS : n tp kin thc v cu to ca nguyn t KL, t/c ho hc chung ca Kl, iu ch Kl III: Tin trnh dy hc: 1. Kim tra bi c 2. Bi mi Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 A. Kim loi kim: GV treo bng tun hon, yu cu I)V tr KL kim trong BTH, HS nu v tr ca KL kim c cu hnh electron nguyn t tn cc nguyn t trong nhm -V tr : Kl kim thuc nhm IA, HS : KL kim thuc nhm IA, ng u mi chu k (tr chu k ng u mi chu k (tr chu k I) gm cc nguyn t : Li Na K I) gm cc nguyn t : Li Na K Cs Fr Rb Cs Fr ( Fr l nguyn t phng x nhn GV da vo v tr ca KL kim to khng bn ) trong BTH em hay vit cu hnh - Cu to : cu hnh e lp ngoi e lp ngoi cng ca KL kim cng Li 2s1 GV: Em hy nhn xt v cu hnh Na 3s1 e lp ngoi cng ca KL kim so vi K 4s1 kh him ng trc n trong Rb 5s1 BTH ? Cs 6s1 HS: Cu hnh e ca KLK l cu Tng qut : ns1 ( n l th t ca hnh e ca kh him ng trc chu k )

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

n cng thm phn lp ns1 Hot ng 2 GV cho Hs quan st mu Na, dng dao ct pht biu t/c vt l GV yu cu Hs quan st bng mt s hng s vt l quan trng ca KLK v nhn xt v nhit si, nhit nng chy, khi lng ring tnh cng v nhn xt qui lut bin i tnh cht vt l GV gi m cho HS nguyn nhn gy ra t/c vt l ca KLK .

KL kim c 1 electron lp ngoi cng II) Tnh cht vt l KLK c mu trng bc, c nh kim, nhit si, nhit nng chy thp , cng thp, khi lng ring nh -nhit si, nhit nng chy bin i theo qui lut Nhit nng chy nhit si thp ( do lc lin kt KL trong mng tinh th KLK bn vng Khi lng ring nh ( do nguyn t KL c bn knh ln v c cu to mng tinh th km c kht ) KLK mm do lc lin kt KL trong tinh th yu III) Tnh cht ho hc: * Tnh kh mnh: M M+ +1e 1. Tc dng vi phi kim a) Tc dng vi oxi 2 Na + O2 Na2O2 (natripeoxit) 4 Na + O2 2Na2O (natrioxit)

Hot ng 3 GV yu cu HS da vo cu to nguyn t v cu to mng tinh th KLK , d on t/c HH ca KLK ? GV biu din th n0 minh ho tnh cht ho hc ca KLK bng cc p/ ho hc ca KL Na vi cc cht ( yu cu HS vit PTHH)

b) Tc dng vi clo 2Na + Cl2 2 NaCl - GV: cho HS lm th nghim Na 2 .Tc dng vi axit t/d vi H2O KLK kh H+ ca dd axit HCl, H2SO4 - HS: tin hnh th nghim quan long thnh kh hiro st hin tng xy ra , gii thch 2 M + 2H+ 2M+ + H2 vit PTHH 3. Tc dng vi H2O GV: KLK kh H d dng
+

IV)ng dng, trng thi nhin v iu ch : 1. ng dng ( SGK) Hot ng 4 2. Trng thi t nhin GV: yu cu HS nghin cu SGK - KLK ch tn ti dng hp cht nu ng dng ca KLK ?

ca dd axit,H2O

1 Na + H2O NaOH + H2 2

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

GV: phn t/c chng ta bit KLK d b oxi ho. Vy trong t nhin 3. iu ch KLK tn ti dng n cht hay - Kh ion ca chng : M+ + 1e M hp cht ? Phng php:in phn (mui - Vy em hy d on PP chung halogennua nng chy ) /c KL, tnh cht c trng VD : in phn NaCl nng chy ca KLK v l thuyt in - catot (cc-) : 2Na +2e 2Na phn ? - anot (cc +) 2Cl- Cl2 - 2e Hs v ion KLK rt kh b kh do Phng trnh in phn pp iu ch KLK l PP in 2NaCl Dpnc 2Na + Cl2 phn mui halogenua nng chy GV gii thiu thng in phn NaCl nng chy Yu cu HS quan st s , vit s i phn cc p/ mi in cc , v PTP 3. Hot ng 5 Cng c , luyn tp + Nu tnh cht ho hc c trng ca KLK ? Gii thch ? Vit PTHH minh ho vi KL Kali ? + Vit PTHH biu din dy bin ho ? Na -> Na2O -> NaOH -> Na2CO3 Na -> NaCl -> NaOH 4.Hng dn bi tp v nh: 1,2,3,4,5 SGK trang 111

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Hot ng ca GV v hc sinh Hot ng 1 Gv yu cu HS hy d on t/c HH ca NaOH ? ( trn c s kin thc v t/c ca ba z tan ) GV thc hin mt s th nghim kim tra t/c ho hc ca NaOH Gv yu cu HS vit PTHH Minh ho

Ni dung ghi B)Mtshp cht quan trng ca KLKim I) Natri hiroxit: (NaOH) 1.Tnh cht - Tnh cht vt l (SGK) - Tnh cht ho hc : NaOH lbaz mnh, khi tan trong nc phn li hon ton thnh ion NaOH Na+ + OH+ Tc dng vi axit NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O OH- + H+ H2O + Tc dng vi oxit axit :
n
2

NaOH 1 ta c mui NaHCO 3 Nu n CO ? Em c kt lun g v t/c ca NaOH + CO2 NaHCO 3 NaOH ? nNaOh Nu n 2 Ta c mui Na2CO3 CO 2

2NaOH + CO2 Na2CO3 +H2O + Tc dng vi dd mui 2NaOH + CuSO4 Cu(OH) 2 +Na2SO4 2OH- + Cu2+ Cu(OH) 2 2. ng dng (SGK) 3. iu ch : in phn dd NaCl GV cho Hs nghin cu SGK nu 2NaCl+2H O 2 ng dng ca NaOH dpcomangngan H +Cl +2 NaOH
2 2

II: Natrihirocacbonat (NaHCO3) Hotng 2 1. Tnh cht GV yu cu HS tm hiu t/c HH - Tnh cht vt l (SGK) ca NaHCO3 ? - Tnh cht ho hc : D b nhit phn hu

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

GV cho HS tin hnh th nghim th tnh tan ca NaHCO 3 , dng giy qu tm th mi trng t/d vi HCl, NaOH HS rt ra t/c HH ca NaHCO 3 ? Nu ng dng ca NaHCO3 ?

Hot ng 3 GV hng dn Hs nghin cu tng t nh i vi NaHCO3 , HS c SGK tm tt mt s ng dng ca Na2CO3

Hot ng 4 GV hng dn HS n/c tng t nh i vi Na2CO3 ?

2NaHCO3 t Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O - NaHCO 3 l mui ca axit yu khng bn (axitcacbonic), tc dng vi axit mnh NaHCO 3 + HCl NaCl +CO2 + H2O - Mt khc NaHCO 3 l mui axit t/d vi kim NaHCO 3 + NaOH Na2CO3 + CO2 +H2O 2. ng dng : (SGK) III: Natricacbonat (Na2CO3) 1. Tnh cht : L cht rn mu trng, d tan trong nc c nhit nng chy 8500C. Na2CO3 l mui ca axit yu tc dng vi axit mnh Na2CO3 +2 HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O CO32- + 2H+ H2O + CO2 2. ng dng (SGK) IV: Kalinitrat ( KNO3) 1. Tnh cht 2KNO3 t 2KNO 2 + O2 2. ng dng : (SGK)

3 Hot ng 5 Cng c , luyn tp : GV yu cu HS nhc li t/c c bn ca 3 t/c va hc thc hin dy chuyn ho sau M MOH MHCO3 M2CO3 CO2 Hng dn v nh: Bi tp 4,5,6,7,8 trang 111 SGK

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Ngy: 21 / 01 / 2012 Tit 43, 44, 45: Bi 26- Kim loi kim th v hp cht quan trng ca kim loi kim th I. Chun kin thc, k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc: HS bit: - HS bit: + v tr, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca kim loi kim th. + mt s ng dng quan trng ca kim loi kim v mt s hp cht quan trng ca KL kim th nh: Ca(OH) 2, CaCO3, CaSO4.2H2O. + Khi nim v nc cng ( tnh cng tm thi, vnh cu, ton phn), tc hi ca nc cng. Cch lm mm nc cng. - HS hiu: - t/c ho hc: tnh kh mnh nht trong s cc kim loi ( p/ vi axit, nc, phi kim) 2. K nng - D on tnh cht ho hc, kim tra d on bng th nghim v kt lun v tnh cht ca n cht v mt s hp cht kim loi kim th, t/c ca Ca(OH) 2.

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

- Vit PTHH dng phn t v ion rt gn minh ho t/c ho hc ca kim loi kim th v mt s h/c ca chng, vit s in phn iu ch kim loi kim th. - Gii mt s BT v tnh % v khi lng mui KL kim th trong hn hp phn ng. II: Chun b - GV : Bng tun hon , Bng hng s vt l v kiu mng tinh th ca KL. Hnh nh v thch nh trong cc hang ng,sn phm t thch cao, cc mu vi... - ho cht v dng c tind hnh th nghim: Mg t/d vi nc, s bin i mui CaCO3 v Ca(HCO3)2. - HS : Chun b bi mi III: Tin trnh dy hc 1. Kim tra bi c ( lng vo bi mi ) 2. bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1: A) Kim loi kim th: GV Treo BTH, yu cu HS nu v I) v tr trong bng tun hon, cu tr ca nhm IIA Kl kim th hnh electron nguyn t c tn cc nguyn t trong -V tr : Kloi kim th thuc nhm IIA, nhm gm cc nguyn t : Hs quan st BTH tm v tr Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Kr, Ba, Ra. nhm IIA, nu tn cc nguyn t - Cu to : cu hnh e lp ngoi cng Be,Mg, ca, Sr, Ba,Ra + Be 2s2 Da vo v tr ca Kl kim th + Mg 3s2 trong BTH hy vit cu hnh e + Ca 4s2 lpngoi cng ca KLK th ? + Sr 5s2 GV: Em hy nhn xt v cu + Ba 6s2 hnh e lp ngoi cng ca - Tng qut : ns2 (nl th t ca chu k ) KLKth ? KL kim th c 2e lp ngoi cng II) Tnh cht vt l: -KLK th c mu trng bc, c th rt Hot ng 2: mng , nhit nng chy v nhit GVcho HS nghin cu bng 6.2 si thp , Khi lng ring nh (SGK) ri rt ra t/c vt l ca KLK - Tnh cht vt l bin i khng c qui th v hng s vt l quan lut nht nh tng i nh trng ca KL kim th trong III) Tnh cht ho hc: bng v nhn xt qui lut bin KLK c nng lng ion ho tng i nh. i t/cht vt l ? V vy KLK th c tnh kh mnh Hot ng 3: Tnh kh tng dn t Be -> Ba Gv yu cu HS da vo cu to M M2+ + 2e nguyn t, v cu to mng tinh Trong hp cht KLKth c s oxi ho = th KLKth d on t/c ho hc +2

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

ca KLKth ? - HS kim loi kim c tnh kh rt mnh Yu cu HS vit PTTQ biu din tnh kh ca KL nhm IIA Gv yu cu HS ly th d v vit PTHH minh ho tnh kh mnh ca KLnhm IIA

1.Tc dng vi phi kim:

2 Mg + O2 2 Mg O
0 0 +2 2

2. Tc dng vi dd axit : a. Vi axit HCl, H2SO4 long

M g + 2 HCl M g Cl + H 2
0 +1 +2 0

b. Vi axit HNO3, H2SO4 c +5 - KLK th c th kh N trong HNO3 long xung N , S trong H2SO4 c xung
3 +6

Gv cho HS nhn xt v s +4 S +2 3 oxiho ca cc nguyn t v kt 0 Mg + 10 HNO3 (loang ) 4 Mg ( NO3 ) 2 + N H 4 NO3 + 3H 2O lun 0 +2 2 4 Mg + 5H 2 SO4 4 Mg SO4 + H 2 S + 4 H 2O 3. Tc dng vi nc: Ca +2 H 2O Ca(OH) 2 +H2 GV : nhit thng, Be khng kh c nc, Mg kh chm . cc KLcn li kh mnh c nc gii phng hiro. HS vit PTHH Hot ng 4 GV: yu cu HS nghin cu SGK nu ng dng ca KLKT ? IV) ng dng v iu ch : 1. ng dng (SGK) 2. iu ch : a) Nguyn tc : Kh ion ca KLKth trong hp cht thnh nguyn t KLK th
M + 2e M
2+

b) Phng php : in phn nng chy mui halogenua ca KLK th MX2 dpnc M + X2 - Nu phng php iu ch KL dpnc Th d : MgCl 2 Mg + Cl2 kim th? Hot ng 5 Cng c , luyn tp Tnh cht ho hc c trng ca KLK th l g ? Hy gii thch v vit PTHH p/ minh ho Gv hng dn hS lm BT sau M MO M(OH) 2 MCO3 M(HCO3)2 . Hng dn v nh : - Lm BT 1,4. trang 119 (SGK)

Tit 44
Hot ng ca GV v hc Ni dung ghi sinh Hot ng 1 B)Mtshp cht quan trng Gv yu cu HS da vo SGK canxi: ca

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

hy nu t/c vt l, t/c HH v ng dng ca Ca(OH) 2 ? ( trn c s kin thc v t/c ca ba z tan ) Gv yu cu HS vit PTHH Minh ho GV cho Hs nghin cu SGK nu ng dng ca NaOH Hotng 2 GV yu cu HS c SGK v cho bit t/c vt l, t/c HH ca CaCO3 ?

I)Canxi hiroxit: (Ca(OH)2) 1.Tnh cht - Tnh cht vt l: (SGK) - Tnh cht ho hc : Ca(OH) 2 lbaz mnh, d dng hp th kh CO2. Ca(OH) 2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O 2. ng dng (SGK) II) Canxi cacbonat: 1.Tnh cht - Tnh cht vt l: (SGK) - Tnh cht ho hc : D b nhit phn hu CaCO3 t CaO + CO2 ? Nu ng dng ca CaCO3 ? - CaCO3 tan dn trong nc c ho tan CO2: CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2 2) ng dng : (SGK) Hot ng 3 III) Canxi sunfat: GV hng dn HS c SGK tm 1)Tnh cht : tt mtst/c v ng dng ca L cht rn mu trng, tn ti di dng Canxi sunfat mui ngm nc CaSO4.2H2O gi l thch cao sng. -Khi un nng n 1600C thch cao sng bin thnh thch cao nung. CaSO4.2H2O t CaSO4.H2O + H2O 2)ng dng (SGK)
0 0

3 Hot ng 4 Cng c , luyn tp : GV yu cu HS nhc li t/c c bn ca 3 t/c va hc thc hin dy chuyn ho sau M MOH MHCO3 M2CO3 CO2 Hng dn v nh: Bi tp 4,5,6,7,8 trang 111 SGK

Hot ng ca GV v HS Hot ng 1 GV choTHPT c SGK cho bit ? Th no Trng HS Nguyn Tri l nc cng ? Gv cho Hs nghin cu SGK ? C my loi nc cng, thnh phn ho hc ca chng ? Gv HS cho vit PTHH .

Ni dung C: Nc cng : 1. Khi nim GV: L Th Hu : Nc cng l nc c cha nhiu ionCa2+, Mg2+ - Phn bit : nc cng c tnh cng tm thi , nc cng vnh cu ton phn a. Tnh cng tm thi - L tnh cng gy nn bi cc mui Ca(HCO3)2 v Mg(HCO3)2
t Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3
0

CO2

+H2O
t Mg(HCO3)2 MgCO3
0

+ CO2

+H2O Hot ng 2 GV cho Hs nghin cu SGK.Tr li cu b. Tnh cng vnh cu : - L tnh cng gy nn bi cc hi ? Tc hi ca nc cng i vi i sng, mui sunfat, cloruaca canxi v magie(CaCl2, CaSO4, MgCl2, sn xut nh th no ? cho VD ? MgSO4) Hot ng3 Gv: Lm th no lm mm nc cng c. Tnh cng ton phn : ? Da vo KN, tnh cht, thnh phn - Gm c tnh cng tm thi v ho hc ca nc cng, hy d on pp c tnh cng vnh cu th lm mm nc cng tm thi ? lm 2. Tc hi ca nc cng : - Trong i sng : dng nc cng mm nc cng vnh cu ?vit PTHH tm git khng sch, lm qun o chng hng - Trong sn xut : To cn, lng ph nhin liu tc ng ng nc 3.Cch lm mm nc cng a. Phng php kt ta : Loi b kt ta thu c nc mm - Loi b hoc gim bt cc ion Ca2+, Mg2+khi nc cng di dng Gv cho HS c SGK,Gv gii thiu ngoi cht khng tan pplm mm nc cng cn c th s +> un nng t dng pp khc nh pp trao i ion Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + Hotng 4 H2O +> Dng Ca(OH) 2 GV cho HS c SGK nu cch nhn bit Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH) 2 2CaCO3 +2H2O ion Ca2+ , Mg2+ +> Dng Na2CO3Hoc Na3PO4 Ca(HCO3)2+Na2CO3 CaCO3 +2N aHCO3 HS vit PTHH CaSO4 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + Na2SO4
0

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GV: L Th Hu

Hotng 5 Cng c , luyn tp - Cho dung dch Ca(OH) 2 vo dd Ca(HCO3)2s A. C kt ta trng B. C bt kh thot ra C. c kt ta trng v bt kh D. khng c hin tng g p n ng A Ca(OH) 2 + Ca(HCO3)2 2 CaCO3 trng + 2H2O Hng dn v nh : BT 7,8,9 (SGK) trang 119 , 6.34-> 6.39 trang 51 (SBT )

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Ngy: 28 / 01 /2012 Tit 46: Luyn tp - Tnh cht ca kim loi kim, kim loi kim th v mt s hp cht ca chng I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc : - Cng c, h thng ho kin thc v kim loi kim, KLK th v hp cht ca chng 2. K nng: - Rn k nng gii bi tp v kim loi kim v KLK th - Vit pthh dng phn t v ion rt gn. II: Chun b : GV : Bng ph dng cho hot ng nhm, bnmtms tt kin thc v v tr, cu to nguyn t, t/c vt l, t/c ho hc c trng v phng php iu ch ca KLK v KLKT. Phiu hc tp , bi tp vn dng. HS: n tp kin thc III: Tin trnh dy hc 1. Kim tra bi c : - Hy nu cc bin php lm mm nc cng ? Vit cc PTP/ nu c ? 2. Bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v hc Ni dung ghi sinh Hot ng 1 : - Cng c kin thc v v tr v cu to Gv: Dng BTH cho HS nhc li v tr nhm IA,IIA - Hy cho bit cu hnh e lp ngoi cng, in tch , s oxi hoa ca KLK, KLKth (in hnh Na, Mg) So snh Hot ng 2: Cng c qui lut bit i t/c vt l : Gv dng bng ghi mt s hng s vtl quan trng ca KLK, KLK th hc sinh nhn A) Kin thc cn nh I) Cu hnh e nguyn t , in tch , s oxiho Cu hnh in S e tch oxiho lpngoicn g Na Ch c 1e: To +1 1 + 3s Na Mg Ch c To +2 2+ 2e : Mg 2+ 3s II) Cng c qui lut bin i tnh cht vt l tnh cht ho hc :

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

xt rt ra nhn xt Gv yu cu HS so snh nhit nng chy,nhit si , khi lng ring cc n cht ca nhm IA, IIA nhn xt, rt ra kt lun Gv cho HS so snh tnh cht ho hc ca KL nhm IA, IIA, So snh tnh baz ca NaOH, Mg(OH) 2. Hot ng 3: GV la chn mt s bi tp cho hc sinh vn dng Bi tp 1( SGK) T118

- Tnh cht vt l (SGK) - Tnh cht ho hc a.n cht : - KLK c tnh kh rt mnh kh nc d dng nhit thng -KLK th : tnh kh mnh , yu hn KLK b. Hp cht : - NaOH : - tnh baz mnh - t/d cc axit, oxitaxit, dd mui ca KL - Mg(OH) 2 Tnh baz yu : tc dng vi cc axit c. Tnh cht ca mt s mui quan trng ca Na, Ca III) Bi tp : + Bi tp 1: p n ng B Khi sp xp cc KLK th theo chiu tng dn ca THN . T Be -> Ba th bn knh nguyn t tng dn. Nng lng ion ho gim dn tnh kh tng dn, kh nng p/ vi nc tng dn + Bi tp 2: p n ng B CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl 2 + CO2 + H2O X (mol) x MgCO3 + 2HCl MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O Y (mol ) y Ta c
nco2 = x+y = 0,672 = 0,3 (1) 22,4

Bi tp 2: Cho 2,84 g hn hp CaCO3 v MgCO3 t/d ht vi dd HCl thy bay ra 672ml kh CO2 (ktc) . Phn trm khi lng ca 2 mui trong hn hp l A. 35,2%v64,8% B. 70,4%v 29,6% C. 84,4%v14,5% D. 17,6%v82,4%

Gv hng dn HS tm tt u M (2) X= 0,02 hn hp= 100x +84y = 2,84 bi , hng dn gii. 0,02.100 Y= 0,01 % CaCO3 = 2,84 .100 (%) %CaCO3 = 70,4 (%) ; % MgCO3 =29,6 (%) + Bi tp 8: Nc cng ton phn V nc va c tnh cng tm thi Ca(HCO3))2, Mg(HCO3)2 va c tnh vnh cu MgCl2, CaCl2 . nn c tnh cng ton phn + Bi tp 9: Na3PO4 lm mm nc cng

Bi tp 8(SGK) trang 118 Gv gi HS ln bng lm BT

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Bi tp 9: Vit PTHH ca P/ gii thch vic dng Na3PO4 lm mm nc cng c tnh cng ton phn

ton phn 3Ca(HCO3)2+2Na3PO4 Ca3(PO4)2 +6NaH CO3 3Mg(HCO3)2+2Na3PO4 Mg3(PO4)2 +6NaHC O3 GV cho HS ln bng lm BT 3CaCl + 2Na PO Ca (PO ) + 6NaCl 2 3 4 3 4 2 vit PTHH Mg3(PO4)2 +6NaCl 3MgCl2 + 2Na3PO4 3CaSO4 +2Na3PO4 Ca3( PO4)2 + 3Na2SO4 3MgSO4 +2Na3PO4 Mg3(PO4)2 + 3Na2SO4 Bi tp 7 (SGK) trang 118 GV hng dn HS tm tt u Bi tp 7: bi . Ca(HCO 3)2 HS vit PTHH , tm s mol , CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O X( mol) x x x tnh khi lng. Mg(HCO 3)2 MgCO3 + CO2 + H2O Y(mol) y y y Ta c n co = x + y = 22,4 = 0,09 (1) mhn hp= 100x + 84 y = 8,2 (2)
2

2,016

=> x= 0,04 y = 0,05 -> mCaCO 3 = 100. 0,04 = 4 g -> mM gCO = 84. 0,05 = 4,2 g Hot ng 4:
3

Cng c , luyn tp Cho HS lm BT6 (SGK) T132 Hng dn v nh Lm BT 6.28 -> 6.33 (Trang 50)

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy: 02/02 /2012 Tit 47; 48 Bi 27- Nhm v hp cht ca nhm I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc : - HS bit: v tr, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng, tnh cht vt l,tng thi t nhin, ng dng ca nhm - HS hiu: + nhm l KL c tnh kh kh mnh: phn ng c vi dd axit, nc, dd kim, oxit kim loi. + nguyn tc v sn xut nhm bng phng php in phn nng chy. 2. K nng : - Quan st mu vt, th nghim, rt ra kt lun v t/c ho hc v nhn bit ion nhm. - Vit pthh minh ho t/c ho hc ca nhm. - S dng v bo qun hp l cc dng bng nhm. - Tnh % v khi lng nhm trong hh kim loi em p/. II: Chun b :

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

GV : + BTH, dng c ho cht, ht nhm, l nhm, cc dd HCl, H 2SO4, long NaOH, NH3 + hnh nh v ng dng ca nhm. qung boxit, mt s mu vt saphia. + tranh v s thng in phn Al2O3 nng chy. HS : chun b bi mi III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1. Kim tra bi c : Lng vo bi mi 2. Bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 A) Nhm - GV dng BTH cho HS tm I) V tr trong BTH, cu hnh e nguyn v tr ca nhm ? t - HS vit cu hnh e nguyn V tr : Nhm (Al) s 13, thuc nhm t nhm suy ra Al c tnh IIIA, chu k 3 ca BTH kh mnh v ch c s Cu hnh e 1s22s22p63s23p1, lp ngoi cng oxihoa duy nht l +3 c 3e, kh nng Al Al3+ + 3e Hot ng 2 S oxihoa trong hp cht +3 GV cho HS nghin cu SGK II) Tnh cht vt l : tm hiu t/c vt l ca Al . (SGK) trang 120 Hot ng 3 III) Tnh cht ho hc : - Trn c s nhng kin Nhm l KL c tnh kh mnh, ch sau KLK thc hc Gv yu cu HS v kim th nn d b oxihoa thnh ion dhy d on t/c ho hc ca ng nhm ? So snh KLK, KLK Al Al3+ + 3e th(Na, Mg ) hc 1) Tc dng vi phi kim : ( O2, Cl2 ,S) a. Tc dng vi halogen: - Tnh cht ca Al c th 2Al + 3 Cl2 2 AlCl3 hin qua p/ vi cht no ? b. Tc dng vi O2 GV kim tra d on bng 4Al + 3O2 t 2Al2O3 th nghim . t chy dy nhm trong khng kh, t/d 2)Tc dng vi axit : vi axit, t/d vi H2O, t/d 2Al +6 HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2 NaOH ? hy vit PTHH c Al t/d mnh vi dd HNO 3 long, HNO3,H2SO4 th ? c nng , Al kh N+5, hoc S+6 xung oxihoa thp hn GV b sung Al bn trong Al + 4HNO3(long) t Al(NO3)3 + NO + khng kh nhit thng do to lp Al2O3 rt mng bo 2H2O 2Al + 6H2SO4 () t Al2(SO4)3 +3SO2 v +6H2O * Al khng tc dng HNO3, H2SO4 c ngui
0 0 0

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Ti sao vt bng nhm li bn trong nc? Lu phn ng dng li ngay do to Al(OH) 3

GV cho HS nhn xt v kt lun Hoat ng 4 Gv cho Hs nghin cu SGK nu mt s ng dng v trng thi t nhin ca Al ? Hot ng 5 GV cho Hs tr li mt s cu hi Al c th iu ch bng pp no ? hy gii thch ? ? Nguyn liu Sx Al l g ? Cho bit cng on SX nhm? ? Bin php k thut khi in phn nhm oxit nng chy l g ? ? Vit s in phn cc p/ sy ra mi in cc v PTP ? Hot ng 6 Cng c, luyn tp : Bi tp 1(SGK) trang 128 Hng dn v nh : lm BT 2,3,4 (SGK) trang 128

3)Tc dng vi oxit kim loi :( P/ nhit nhm) 2Al + Fe2O3 t Al2O3 + 2Fe 4)Tc dng vi nc : ( rt t ) 2Al + 6H2O 2Al(OH) 3 + 3H2 (1) 5)Tc dng vi dung dch kim : Al(OH)3 l hiroxit lng tnh nn t/d vi dd kim Al(OH)3 + NaOH Na AlO2 + 2H2O (2) ( Natri alumilat) Cng (1) v (2) ta c 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2Na AlO2 +3H2 * KL : nh vy Al c th tan trong dd kim v gii phng H2 IV) ng dng v trng thi t nhin : 1. ng dng : (SGK) 2. Trng thi t nhin : - Al tn ti dng hp cht : t xt: Al2O3 . 2SiO2.2H2O, Mica : K2O.Al2O3.6H2O, Boxit :Al2O2.nH2O, Criolit: 3NaF.AlF3 (hay Na3AlF6) V) Sn xut nhm : - Al c SX bng PP in phn nhm oxit nng chy 1. Nguyn liu : - Qung boxit Al2O3 .2H2O lm sch nguyn liu thu c Al2O3 nguyn cht 2. in phn nhm oxit nng chy Chun b cht in li nng chy. Ho tan Al2O3 trong criolit nng chy Qu trnh in phn : cc m : Al3+ + 3e Al cc dng 2O2- O2 + 4e - Kh oxi nhit cao t chy cc dng l cc bon sinh ra hn hp kh CO, CO2 . Do vy trong qu trnh in phn phi h thp dn cc dng 2Al2O3 dpnc 4Al + 3O2
0

Tit 48

mt s hp cht quan trng ca nhm

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GV: L Th Hu

I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc : - Bit c tnh cht vt l v ng dng ca oxit, hiroxit,mui sunfat ca nhm, nhm xit v nhm hiroxit c tnh lng tnh - Bit tnh cht lng tnh ca Al2O3, Al(OH)3: va tc dng vi axit, va tc dng vi baz mnh. 2. K nng : - D on, kim tra bng th nghim v kt lun v tnh cht ca oxit, hiroxit nhm, nhn bit ion nhm. - Vit PTHH dng phn t v ion rt gn minh ho t/c ho hc ca h/c ca nhm - S dng v bo qun hp l cc dng bng nhm. - Gii mt s BT v tnh % v khi lng mui KL kim th trong hn hp phn ng. II) Chun b : - GV : dng c ng nghim , pipet, kp g, gi ng ng nghim - Ho cht : Al(OH)3 , NH3 , H2O , HCl, NaOH, - HS : Chun b bi III) Tin trnh dy hc : 1. Kim tra bi c : Hy nu tnh cht ho hc ca Al ? Vit PTHH minh ho ? 2. Bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 B) Mt s hp cht quan trng ca GV yu cu HS nghin cu SGK nhm v cho bit tnh cht vt l v I) Nhm oxit: Al2O3 trng thi t nhin ca Al2O3 ? 1.Tnh cht : - L cht rn mu trng, khng tan GV biu din th nghim trong nc v khng tc dng vi nc , nng chng minh Al2O3 l oxit lng chy nhit trn 20500c nhm xit l tnh . Yu cu HS vit PTHH oxit lng tnh dng phn t v ion rt gn a) Tc dng vi axit: ca p/ Al2O3 +6HCl 2AlCl3 +3 H2O Al2O3 +6H+ 2Al3+ + 3H2O b)Tc dng vi dd kim: GV cho HS nghin cu SGK v Al2O3 +2 NaOH 2Na AlO2 +H2O ng dng ca Al2O3 ? Al2O3 + 2OH- 2AlO2Hot ng 2 2. ng dng : (SGK) GV cho HS nghin cu SGK nu II) Nhm hiroxit: Al(OH)3 t/c vt l ca Al(OH)3? 1.Tnh cht : - L cht rn mu trng kt ta dng keo - Al(OH) 3 b phn hu nhit cao

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

0

GV: L Th Hu

GV biu din th nghim 2Al(OH) 3 t Al2O3 +3 H2O chng minh Al(OH) 3 c tnh l- Al(OH)3 c tnh lng tnh ( tnh baz ng tnh .Yu cu HS vit PTHH tri hn tnh axit) dng phn t, ion rt gn ? * Tc dng vi axit Al(OH)3 +3 HCl AlCl3 +3 H2O Al(OH)3 + 3H+ Al3+ + 3H2O * Tc dng vi dd kim Al(OH)3 + NaOH Na AlO2 + 2H2O Hot ng 3 Al(OH)3 +OH- AlO2- +2H2O GV cho HS nghin cu SGK , GV 2) iu ch Al(OH)3: gii thiu mt s mui ca Al ? AlCl3 +3NH3 +3H2O Al(OH)3 Yu cu HS gii thch vic dng +3NH4Cl phn chua lm trong nc c ? Al3++ 3NH3 + 3H2O Al(OH) 3 +3NH4+ Hot ng 4 GV gi cch nhn bit ion Al3+ III) Nhm sunfat: Al2(SO4)3 - Phn chua : K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O trong dd kim mnh (NaOH, - Phn nhm : Na2SO4.Al2(SO4)3 .24H2O KOH) - Phn chua dng trong nghnh cng nghip giy, da, cn dng lm trong nc. IV) Cch nhn bit ion Al3+ trong dung dch Al3+ + 3OH- Al(OH) 3 Al(OH) 3 + OH- (d) AlO2- +2H2O Hot ng 5 Cng c, luyn tp : - Bi tp : in phn Al2O3 nng chy vi cng 9,65A trong thi gian 3000 giy thu c 2,16g Al . Hiu xut ca qu trnh in phn l A: 60% B: 70% C: 80% D: 90% dpnc 2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2
AIT 27.9,65.3000 2,16 = = 2,7 g .100 = 80% 3.96500 MAl lthuyt = nF ; Hiu xut : H = 2,7

p n ng C Hng dn v nh : - Lm BT 5,6,7 (SGK) trang 128 ,BT6.42-> 6.50 (sch bi tp trang 52,53.)

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy: 10/02/2012 Tit 49: bi 29 - Luyn tp tnh cht ca nhm v hp cht ca nhm I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc : - Cng c h thng ho kin thc v nhm v hp cht ca nhm 2. K nng : - Rn k nng gii bi tp v nhm v hp cht ca nhm - Vit PTHH dng phn t v ion rt gn. II) Chun b : - GV : Chun b BTH, bng ph ghi mt s hng s vt l ca nhm , chun b mt s cu hi v bi tp nhm h thng kin thc hc - HS : n tp kin thc , lm BT SGK III) Tin trnh dy hc : 1. Kim tra bi c ( lng vo bi mi ) 2. Bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 I) Kin thc cn nh : GVcng c kin thc cho HS 1.V tr cu to , cu hnh e nguyn t v v tr . Cu to v t/c vt - Al 13 , chu k 3, nhm IIIA l ca Al - cu hnh e 1s22s22p63s23p1 Dng BTH yu cu HS cho - Nng lng ion ho: bit v tr ca Al m in 1,61 , s oxihoa +3 ( v tr , nhm, chu k) v Cu to n cht lp phng tm din vit cu hnh e nguyn t Al ? Gii thch v sao Al c tnh kh mnh v ch c s 2.Tnh cht ho hc:

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

oxihoa +3 trong hp cht Hot ng 2 GV yu cu Hs trnh by tnh cht ho hc ca Al theo gin GV yu cu hS vit PTHH nhm tan trong dd Axit (VD: HCl ) v tan trong dd kim (VD: NaOH)

a. Tnh kh ca nhm : Nhm tc dng vi PK (O2,Cl2, S) Nhm tc dng vi dd H2SO4 long Al tc dng vi H2O Nhm tc dng vi dd mui ca KL c tnh kh yu hn b. Tnh cht ca hp cht nhm: + Chng minh Al2O3 l oxit lng tnh Al2O3 +6 HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2O Al2O3 + 2NaOH 2Na AlO2 GV yu cu Hs vit PTHH +H2O chng minh Al2O3 Al(OH) 3 c + Chng minh Al(OH)3 l hiroxit lng tnh tnh lng tnh ? Al(OH) 3 + 3 HCl AlCl3 +3 H2O GV yu cu Hs dn ra p/ Al(OH)3 + NaOH Na AlO2 +2H2O chng t axit aluminic l + Nhm sufat: Phn chua : axit yu hn axit cac bonic K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O + Phn nhm : M2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O Hot ng 3 Gv cho HS lm BT1,2. (SGKtrang 134) 3.Bi tp : BT1 (SGK trang134) p n ng B Nhm bn trong khng kh v nc l do c mng xit Al2O3bn vng bo v Bi tp 2 : Chn p n ng D Nhm khng tan trong dung dch NH3(baz yu) Bi tp 3: PTHH (Al2O3 + 2NaOH 2Na AlO2 +H2O ) 2Al + 2 NaOH + 2H2O 2Na AlO2 +3H2
13,44 2 = 0,6(mol ) n Al = .0,6 22,4 3 n Al = 0,4(mol ) m Al = 0,4.27 = 10,8 g m Al2O3 =31,2 10,8 = 20,4 g nH 2 =

Gvcho HS lm BT 3 (trang 134) GV gi HS ln bng lm bi tp

Bi tp 6 (trang 134SGK) GV hng dn HS lm BT Cho HS ln bng lm bi tp t a,b l s mol ca K, Al, vit PTHH. Hot ng 4

p n ng B Bi tp 6 : PTHH : t a,b l s mol ca K, Al 2K + 2H2O 2KOH + H2 (1) a b a b a b b

a (mol) 2 3b 2

2Al + 2KOH +2H2O 2KAlO2+ 3H2 (2)

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GV: L Th Hu

Hng dn HS v nh lm Khi thm HCl vo dd A lc u c kt BT 6.75, 6.77,6.78 (SBT khng c kt ta . Vy dd A phi cn d KOH trang 57 ) KOH + HCl KCl +H2O (3) n khi bt u c kt ta : HCl + KAlO2 +H2O Al(OH)3 +KClO3 S mol HCl =0,1.1 = 0,1 (mol ) = nKOHcn d (3) Trong A= n KOH (!) = n KOH ( 2) = 0,1 a b = 0,1 Gii h phng trnh a-b =0,1 39a +27b =10,5 a= 0,2 b =0,1 % s mol ca Al = 0,3 .100% = 33,33(%) %S mol ca K = 66,67 (%)
0,1

Ngy: 28./.02/2011 Tit 50: Bi 30 - Thc hnh tnh cht ca natri, magie, nhm v hp cht ca chng I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc : - HS bit: Mc ch, cch tin hnh, k thut thc hin cc th nghim: + So snh kh nng phn ng ca Na, Mg v Al vi nc. + Nhm p/ vi dd kim. + P/ ca nhm hiroxit vi dd NaOH v vi dd H2SO4 long. 2. K nng : - S dng dng c v ho cht tin hnh an ton, tghnh cng cc th nghim trn. - Quan st th nghim, nu hin tng, gii thch v vit cc ptp ho hc. Rt ra nhn xt. - Vit tng trnh th nghim. II) Chun b : - GV : chun b dng c v ho cht - Dng c : ng nghim , ng ht nh git, gi ng nghim , a thu tinh, kp g

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GV: L Th Hu

- Ho cht : Na, Mg, Al, MgO, dd CaCl2, BaCl2, dd CuSO4, dd x phng , dd phnoltalin - HS : c trc bi thc hnh III) Tin trnh dy hc : 1. Kim tra bi c : (khng ) 2. Bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung Hot ng 1: I.Th nghim 1: Phn ng ca - GV chia thnh 4 nhm Na,Mg, Al vi nc : tin hnh th nghim 1. Na tc dng vi nc nhit thng - Chun b tin hnh th Na + H2O NaOH + H2 nghim a,b, nh SGK lu ch ly Na bng ht ng cn thn 2.Magie tc dng vi nc nhit khi t chy kh H2. thng Mg kh nc chm - Gv hng dn Hs quan st hin tng gii thch vit PTP 3.Al tc dng vi nc nhit .lu Al thng Phi co sch lp oxit bn 2Al + 6 H2O Al(OH)3 + 3H2 ngoi Hot ng 2: HS tin hnh th nghim II) Th nghim 2: nhm tc dng nh SGK . Quan st bt kh vi dung dch kim : thot ra ? vit PTP ? Al + H2O 2Al(OH) 3 + 3H2 (1) Al(OH) 3 + NaOH Na AlO2 Hot ng 3 : +2H2O (2) Hs tin hnh th nghim nh Kt hp (1) ,(2) ta c PTHH SGK . Quan st hin tng vit 2Al + 2 NaOH +2H O 2 Na AlO 2 2 PTP? Gii thch hin tng +3H2 III) Th nghim 3: Tnh lng ca Al(OH)3 PTHH 2Al(OH) 3 +6HCl 2AlCl3 +6 H2O Al(OH)3 + NaOH Na AlO2 +2H2O Hot ng 4 : Cng c , hng dn vit tng trnh Hs thu dn dng c ho cht , v sinh lp hc GV nhn xt gi thc hnh rt kinh nghim cho gi thc hnh ln sau Hng dn v nh ; chun b gi sau kim tra 1tit

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Ngy: 07 / 3 /2011 Tiet 51: KIM TRA VIT (1 tit) A) Mc tiu bi kim tra: 1) Kin thc: HS vn dng nhng kin thc hc tr li cc cu hi v gii cc bi tp ca kim tra.Qua HS t nh gi mc tip thu kin thc ca bn thn.

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

2) K nng: - HS rn luyn lm bi kim tra , tr li nhanh cc cu hi , gii nhanh cc bi tp lm bi kim tra. V rn k nng vit PTHH , k nng tnh ton. 3) Chun b: GV kim tra trc nghim khch quan v trc nghim t lun t l 30% v 70%. HS Kin thc c v chng I v II lm bi kim tra. B. Ma trn bi kim tra: I) Phn TNKQ gm 08 cu: mi cu 0,25 im = 2,0 im II) Phn t lun: 8,0 im III) im cho ton bi: 10,00 im Kin thc i m Bi t I). Phn TNKQ 1. KLK 2. H/c QT ca KLK 3. Kim loi kim th 4.H/c q. trng ca Ca 5. Al v h/c ca Al II) Phn t lun 1. KLK v h/c quan trng ca KLK 2.KLKT v h/c quan trng ca Ca 3. Al v h/c ca nhm 0,50 0,50 1,0 2,00 8 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,0 1,0 3,00 3,00 2 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,50 0,25 0,50 0,50 Mc Hiu Vn dng im

0,25 0,25

Ngy: 07 / 3 /2011 Chng VII St v mt s kim loi quan trng

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GV: L Th Hu

Tit 52:

Bi 31 - St

I: Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc: HS bit - V tr, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca st, tnh cht vt l ca st - Tnh cht ho hc ca st: tnh kh trung bnh ( tc dng vi oxi, lu hunh, clo, nc, dung dch axit, dung dch mui) - St trong t nhin (cc oxit st, FeCO3, FeS2) . 2.K nng : - D on, kim tra bng th nghim v kt lun c tnh cht ho hc ca st. - Vit PT HH minh ho tnh kh ca st. - Tnh thnh phn % v khi lng st trong hn hp phn ng. Xc nh tn kim loi da vo s liu thc nghim. II: Chun b : - GV : BTH , dng c ng nghim , gi ng ng nghim, n cn , kp g - Ho cht : dd H2SO4long , dd CuSO4 , dy st , inh st, dd HNO3 c. - HS : chun b bi mi III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1. n nh lp, kim s s 2. Bi mi Hot ng ca thy v tr Hot ng 1 GV cho HS quan st BTH xc nh v tr ca st ? HS vit cu hnh e ca Fe, Fe2+, Fe3+ ? vit di dng lng t ? t c im cu hnh e ca nguyn t st em c nhn xt g v kh nng nhng e ca nguyn t Fe ? GV nhn xt v kt lun . Hot ng 2 GV cho HS nghin cu SGK nu tnh cht vt l ca st ? Hot ng 3 I) V tr trong BTH, cu hnh e nguyn t : V tr : Fe 26 , chu k 4, nhm VIIIB - Cu hnh e : Fe : 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2 Fe2+ : 1s22s22p63s23p63d6 Fe3+ : 1s22s22p63s23p63d5 - S oxihoa +2, +3 II: Tnh cht vt l : (SGK) Ni dung ghi

III: Tnh cht ho hc : -St c tnh kh TB . khi t/d vi cht oxi ho yu st b oxi hoa n s oxihoa +2 Fe Fe2+ + 2e

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

? Hy d on kh nng hot ng ca st ? T d on ca HS, Gv ? Vy trong nhng trng hp no Fe b oxihoa thnh Fe2+,Fe3+

-Vi cht oxihoa mnh st b oxihoansoxihoa +3 Fe Fe3+ + 3e 1.Tc dng vi phi kim : a.Tc dng vi lu hunh: 0 0 +2 2 Fe + S t Fe S b.Tc dng vi oxi : GV cho HS ly VD Fe t/d vi 3 Fe + O2 t Fe3O4 PK , vit PTHH ca p/ Hs xc nh s oxiho ca c. Tc dng vi clo : 0 +3 1 0 2 Fe + 3 Cl 2 t 2 Fe Cl 3 st ? Em c nhn xt g v kh nng phikim oxihoa 2.Tc dng vi axit : Fe ? a.vi dd HCl, H2SO4 long +1 +2 0 0 Fe + H 2 SO4 Fe SO4 + H 2 b. Vi dung dch HNO3, H2SO4 c, nng +5 +3 +2 0 -GV lm th nghim st t/d Fe + 4 H NO3 (loang ) Fe( NO3 ) 3 + NO +2 H 2 O vi dd HCl, H2SO4 long v *Fe b th ng ho bi cc axit HNO3,H2SO4 cho HS xc nh cht c ngui oxihoa, cht kh trong p/? 3.Tc dng vi dung dch mui : -Hs vit PTHH ca p/ xy ra Fe c th kh c ion ca cc KL ng sau -Gv lu Fe khng t/d vi n trong dy in ho . +2 +2 HNO3, H2SO4 c ngui Fe + Cu SO4 Fe SO4 + Cu 4.Tc dng vi nc : - nhit cao st kh hi nc to ra H2 v Fe3O4 hoc FeO
0 0 0

GV St t/d vi nc iu kin no ?Gv gii thiu, Hs vit v cn bng PTHH , nhit thng mt mu st trong khng kh m s c hin tng g ? Hot ng4 GV choHS nghin cu SGK ? trong T nhin st tn ti trng thi no ? st c u ? loi khong vt no c gi tr trong cng nghip luyn kim ?

<57 OC 3Fe + 4H2O t Fe3O4 + 4H2

0

Fe + H2O FeO + H 2 IV: Trng thi t nhin : - St tn ti ch yu dng hp cht - Qung manhetit (Fe3O4) him c trong t nhin - Qung hematit (Fe2O3) , qung hemtit nu (Fe2O3.nH2O ) , qung xierit (FeCO3 ) qung prit(FeS2) - st c trong hemoglobin ca mu lmnhim v vn chuyn oxi duy tr s sng
t >57 OC
0

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GV: L Th Hu

3.Cng c, luyn tp : Da vo cu hnh e nguyn t ca Fe hy gii thch ti sao tong cc p/ ho hc st li b oxihoa n Fe2+ , Fe3+ ? Ly 2 v d minh ho ? Lm bi tp 1,2 (SGK) trang 141 4. Hng dn hc sinh t hc nh: Bi tp 3,4,5, (SGKtrang 141)

Ngy: 14 / 3 /2011 Tit 53 : Bi 32 - Hp cht ca st I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc *HS bit : - Tnh cht vt l, nguyn tc iu ch v ng dng ca mt s hp cht ca st. * HS hiu: - Tnh kh ca cc hp cht st(II): FeO, Fe(OH) 2, mui st (II) - Tnh oxi ho ca cc hp cht st(III): Fe2O3, Fe(OH) 3, mui st (III) 2.K nng : - D on, kim tra bng th nghim v kt lun c tnh cht ho hc cc hp cht ca st. - Vit PTHH dng phn t hoc ion rt gn minh ho tnh cht ho hc. - Nhn bit ion Fe2+, Fe3+ trong dung dch. - tnh thnh phn % v khi lng cc mui st hoc oxit st trong phn ng. - Xc nh cng thc ho hc ca oxit st theo s liu thc nghim. II: Chun b : - GV: Dng c : ng nghim, gi ng ng nghim, pipet, kp g, n cn Ho cht : dd mui Fe(II), Fe(III),KMnO 4, H2SO4long, NaOH, ng mnh - HS : n li cch lp PTHH ca p/ xihoa kh III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1. Kim tra bi c : - Tnh cht ho hc c trng ca Fe l g ? Vit PTP minh ho ? 2. Bi mi : 3. Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 I) Hp cht ca st (II) Gv st c nhng mc 1. Tnh cht ho hc ca hp cht Fe(II)

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

oxihoa c bn no ? T d on hp cht Fe(II) th hin t/c g trong p/ ho hc ? HS : s oxihoa ca Fe: 0, +2,+3 Gv cho HS vit PTHH ca p/ gia FeO vi HNO3 long . xc nh s oxihoa ca Fe thay i nh th no ? Vit PT ion rt gn. iu ch st Fe(II) oxit ? Hot ng 2 Gv biu din th nghim iu ch Fe(OH) 2 . yu cu HS vit PTHH gii thch v sao kt ta thu c c mu trng xanh di chuyn dn sang mu nu ? Lu mun c Fe(OH) 2 phi /c trong K khng c khng kh . Hot ng 3 GV yu cu HS ly VD minh ho cho tnh kh ca mui Fe(II) -> kt lun chung v t/c c trng ca cc hp cht Fe(II) ? Mun iu ch mui Fe(II) ta lm th no ? Ch dd mui Fe(II) /c c phi dng ngay v trong khng kh s chuyn dn thnh mui Fe(III) Hot ng 4 Tnh cht ho hc c trng ca Fe(III) l g ? Gv cho HS nu t/c vt l ca

Fe Fe + e Tnh cht ho hc c trng ca hp cht Fe(II) l tnh kh 1. St(II) xit : FeO

2+ 3+
+2 +3 +2 3 Fe O + 10 H NO (loang ) t 3 Fe( NO ) + NO +5H O 3 3 3 2 + 3+ 3FeO +NO3 +10 H 3Fe + NO + 5H2O iu ch : Dng H2, hay CO, kh Fe(III) oxit 5000C: Fe2O3 + CO t 2 FeO + CO 2
0 0

GV: L Th Hu

+5

2. St (II) hioxit : Fe(OH)2 - L cht rn mu trng hi xanh, khng tan trong nc . Trong khng kh Fe(OH) 2 d b oxihoa thnh Fe(OH) 3 . Fe2+ + 2OH- Fe(OH) 2 (hi xanh ) 4Fe(OH) 2 +O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH) 3 (nu ) 3. Mui st (II) : a s mui Fe(II) tan trong nc, khi kt tinh thng dng ngm nc : FeSO4.7H2O, FeCl2.4H2O - D b oxihoa thnh mui st (III) bi cc +2 0 +3 cht oxi ho: 2 Fe Cl 2 + Cl 2 Fe Cl3 * iu ch : Cho Fe ( hoc FeO , Fe(OH) 2 ) t/d HCl, H2SO4 long : Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 FeO + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2O II. Hp cht st (III) : ion Fe3+ c kh nng nhn 1,3 e tr thnh ion Fe2+ hoc Fe Fe3+ +1e Fe2+ ; Fe3+ + 3e Fe Tnh cht ho hc c trng ca hp cht Fe(III) l tnh oxiho 1. St (III) oxit : Fe2O3 . L cht rn mu nu , khng tan trong nc . C trong qung hematit. Tan trong axit mnh : Fe2O3 +6 HCl 2FeCl3 + 3H2O + nhit cao b CO, H2 kh thnh Fe Fe2O3 + 3CO t 2Fe + 3 CO2
0

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

st (III) oxit ? HS hon thnh PTHH ? Cch iu ch Fe2O3?

+ iu ch ,ng dng (SGK) 2Fe(OH) 3 t Fe2O3 + 3H2O 2. St (III) hiroxit : D tan trong dd axit 2Fe(OH) 3 + 3H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 +6 H2O iu ch : FeCl3 + 3NaOH Fe(OH) 3 +3NaCl 3. Mui st (III) : Tan trong nc, thng dng ngm nc Th d : FeCl3.6H2O , Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O Cc mui st(III) c tnh oxihoa,d b kh thnh mui st(II)
0

Fe+ 2 Fe Cl 3 3 Fe Cl 2

+3

+2

GV yu cu HS d on Cho bt ng vo dd mui st(III) thy tnh cht ca mui st mu xanh xut hin mu ca ion Cu2+ 0 +3 +2 +2 (III) ? Cu + 2 Fe Cl 3 Cu Cl 2 + 2 Fe Cl 2 HS vit PTHH dng phn t v ion rt gn ca p/ . Hot ng 5 *Cng c, luyn tp :Vit PTHH ca cc p/ trong qu trnh chuyn i sau : FeS2 Fe2O3 FeCl3 Fe(OH) 3 Fe2O3 FeO FeSO4 Fe *Hng dn HS t hc nh : Lm BT 2,3,4,5 (SGK) Ngy 14/.3 /2011 Tit 54: Bi 33 - Hp kim ca st I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc : *HS bit: - Khi nim v phn loi gang, sn xut gang (nguyn tc, nguyn liu, cu to v chuyn vn ca l cao, bin php k thut). - Khi nim v phn loi thp, sn xut thp (nguyn tc chung, phng php Mac-tanh, Bet-x-me, l in: u im v hn ch) - ng dng ca gang, thp. 2.K nng : - Quan st m hnh, hnh v, s ... rt ra c nhn xt v nguyn tc v qu trnh sn xut gang thp. - Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng oxi ho kh xy ra trong l luyn gang, luyn thp. - Phn bit c mt s dng bng gang, thp.

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

- S dng v bo qun hp l c mt s hp kim ca st. - Tnh khi lng qung st cn thit sn xut mt lng gang xc nh theo hiu sut. II : Chun b : GV : -mt s mu vt bng thp, gang - Tranh v cc s phn ng ho hc xy ra trong l cao, l mactanh, l bet-x-me, l in. HS : Hc k tnh cht ho hc n cht st v oxit st , su tm mt s tranh nh mu vt bng gang, thp III : Tin trnh dy hc : 1.Kim tra bi c : - Hy nu tnh cht ho hc ca hp cht st (II). Vit cc p minh ho ? 2.Bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v HS Hot ng 1 GV gii thiu mt s mu vt bng gang, gang trng, gang xm HS quan st mu vt v tr li cu hi? Gang l g ? Gang c my loi ? Chng khc nhau ch no ? Tnh cht v ng dng ca cc loi gang l g ? Ni dung ghi I) Gang : 1. Khi nim : L hp kim ca st vi cc bon trong c t 2-> 5 % KL cc bon ngoi ra cn c mt lng nh cc nguyn t Si, Mn, S 2. Phn loi a. Gang xm : Cha C dng than ch ng dng (SGK) b. Gang trng : cha t C hn v C ch yu dng xementit (Fe3C) D (SGK) 3.Sn xut gang : Hot ng 2 a, Nguyn tc : Kh qung st bng GV hng dn HS nghin cu than cc trong l cao SGK b. Nguyn liu : Qung st oxit ( thng ? luyn gang cn nhng l qung hematit Fe2O3 ) than cc nguyn liu g ? cht chy (CaCO3, SiO2 ) c. Cc phn ng ho hc xy ra trong qu trnh luyn qung thnh gang ? Nguyn tc ca luyn gang + Nguyn tc SX l g ? Phn ng to cht kh CO kh cc oxit st thnh Fe nhit cao, theo s ? Cho bit nhng phn ng sau ho hc xy ra trong l cao ? Fe2O3 CO ,t Fe3O4 CO ,t FeO CO ,t Gv cho HS nghin cu trong Fe SGK s l cao cc p xy ra Nhng phn ng ho hc xy ra : trong l cao a. Phn ng to CO :
0 0 0

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GV: L Th Hu

C + O2
0

18000C ) GV tip tc m thoi vi HS ? CO2 t 2 CO - Q ( t0 : 13000C ) Kh l cao l g ? Thnh b. Phn ng kh oxit st : phn ca kh l cao ? kh l 3Fe2O3 +CO 400 2Fe3O4 + CO2 cao c gy nhim mi tr500 600 Fe3O4 + CO 3 FeO + CO2 ng khng ? Lm th no gim thiu s nhim ? FeO + CO 700 Fe +CO2 800 c. Phn ng to x : CaCO3 1000 CaO +CO2 CaO + SiO2 1300 CaSiO3(can xisilict ) d. S to thnh gang : (SGK) Hot ng3 II. Thp : GV hng dn HS nghin cu 1.Khi nim : SGK ? thnh phn nguyn t - Thp l hp kimca st cha t 0,01c trong thp ? So vi gang c 2% KL cc bon cng vi mt s nguyn t g khc ? Thp c chia khc ( Si, Mn, Cr, Ni ) thnh my loi ? Da trn c 2. Phn loi : s no ? Cho bit ng dng a. Thp thng (hay thp cc bon ) ca thp ? - Thp mm : Cha khng qu 0,1 % C - Thp cng : Cha trn 0,9 % C b. Thp c bit : - Cho thm vo thp mt s nguyn t lm cho thp c nhng tnh cht c bit : VD : Thp cha 13% Mn rt cng c dng lm my nghin Thp cha 20% Cr, v 10% Ni rt cng khng r dng lm dng c gia nh , Hot ng 4 dng c yt GV m thoi vi HS . Nguyn 3.Sn xut thp : tc sn xut thp ? Nguyn a.Nguyn tc : liu SX thp ? - Gim hm lng cc tp cht C, S, Si, Mn , c trong gang bng cch oxihoa cc tp ? Cc phng php luyn thp, cht thnh oxit ri bin thnh x v u im, nhc im ca mi tch ra khi thp phng php ? b. Cc phng php luyn gang thnh thp ? So snh cc phng php * Phng php bet -x -me: luyn thp c g ging v -u im : - Thi gian ngn , thit b khcnhau ? n gin Vn u t khng ln .
0C 0C 0C 0C 0C

CO2 + Q (T0 :

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

-Nhc im : Chuyn gang thnh thp qu nhanh ,khng luyn c thp nh mun * Phng php Mc tanh: -u im : tn dng c st , thp ph liu , luyn c thp nh mun -Nhc im : Tiu hao nhin liu, kh t , thi gian mi m di *Phng php l in: -u im : luyn c nhng loi thp c bit m thnh phn c nhng KL kh nng chy nh vonfam,cromv khng cha nhng tp cht c hi nh S, P - Nhc im ca l dung tch nh Hot ng 5 * Cng c, luyn tp : Hy vit cc phn ng ho hc xy ra trong l cao ? C + O2 CO2 ; CO2 + C 2CO 3Fe2O3 + CO 2Fe3O4 + CO2 ; Fe3O4 + CO 3 FeO + CO2 FeO + CO Fe + CO2 ; CaCO3 CaO + CO2 CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3 * Hng dn v nh : - Lm bi tp 1,2,3,4,5,6,trang 151 SGK

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Ngy son: 21 / 3/2011 Tit 55: Bi 37 - Luyn tp tnh cht ho hc ca st v hp cht ca st I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS hiu: - v sao Fe thng c s oxihoa +2, +3 - Tnh cht ho hc dc trng ca hp cht st(II) l tnh kh, ca hp cht st (III) l tnh oxi ho. 2.K nng : - vit PTHH dng phn t v ion rt gn v tnh cht ca st v hp cht ca st. - gii cc bi tp v st v hp cht ca st. II) Chun b : - GV: Hng dn HS n tp v chun b trc cc BT trong SGK - HS : n tp k nhng vn c lin quan n n dung luyn tp III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1. Kim tra bi c : (Lng vo bi mi ) 2. Bi mi : Hot ng ca gio vin v hc sinh Hot ng 1 Cng c cch vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t v ion st . GV yu cu HS vit cu hnh ca Fe, Fe2+, Fe3+? Gii thch s oxihoa +2, +3 HS rt ra kt lun v mc hot ng ca Fe ? Ni dung ghi I) Kin thc cn nh: 1. St : Cu hnh e [Ar ] 3d64s2 S oxhoa +2 , + 2. Tnh cht ho hc ca Fe: - Tc dng vi PK(Cl2,, O2, S) - Tc dng dd HCl, H2SO4 long - Tc dng vi nc nhit cao (<5700C v> 5700C ) - Tc dng vi dd mui ca KL c tnh kh yu hn 3. Hp cht ca st : Tnh cht ho hc c trng ca hp cht Fe (II) l tnh kh Fe2+ Fe3+ +1e Tnh cht HH c trng ca hp cht Fe(III) l tnh oxihoa Fe3+ + 1e Fe2+ ; Fe3+ +3e Fe 4. Hp kim ca st: - Thnh phn ca gang v thp

Hot ng 2 Gii thch tnh kh ca Fe2+ v tnh oxihoa ca Fe3+ GV yu cu HS rt ra nhn xt khi no st nhng 2e to ra s oxihoa +2 . Khi no st nhng 3e to s oxihoa +3 trong cc PHH .

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GV: L Th Hu

Hot ng 3 - GV cho HS lm BT 1,2 (SGK) - GV cho HS hot ng nhm

Bi tp 2(SGK) GV hng dn HS lm bi tp

GV cho HS vit PTHH

- Cc phn ng chnh xy ra trong qu trnh luyn gang II) Bi tp : Bi tp 1(trang 165) a.2Fe+6H2SO4(c) t 3SO2 +Fe2(SO 4)3 +6H2O b.Fe+ 6HNO3 (c) t 3NO2+ Fe(NO3)3 +3H2O c. Fe + 4HNO 3 (l) t NO + Fe(NO3)3+2H2O d.3FeS +12HNO3 9NO +Fe2(SO4)3+Fe(NO3)3 +6H2O * Bi tp 2(165): - Phn bit 3 mu hp kim Al-Fe , Al-Cu, Cu-Fe Bc 1: Trch mu th ln lt cho 3 mu th vo dd HCl . mu th tan hon ton l hp kimAl-Fe . hai mu th cn li ch tan mt phn 2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2 Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 Bc 2: Hai mu th cn li ln lc cho vo dd NaOH d . Mu th c kh H2 bay ra l hp kim Al- Cu . Mu th cn li hon ton khng tan l hp kim Fe-Cu 2Al + 2NaOH +2H2O 2Na AlO2 +3H2
0 0 0

Hot ng 4 Cng c, luyn tp : lm BT 5,6 (SGK- tr 165 ) Hng dn t hc nh : lm bi tp SBT trang 35

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

Ngy: 21 /3 /2011 Tit 56: bi 34 - Crom v hp cht ca crom I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc: HS bit - V tr, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng, tnh cht vt l cng, mu, khi lng ring) ca crom, cc s oxi ho trong hp cht - Tnh cht ho hc ca crom l tnh kh (tc dng vi oxi, lu hunh, clo, dung dch axit) - Tnh cht ca hp cht crom (III): Cr2O3, Cr(OH)3 (tnh tan, tnh oxi ho v tnh kh, tnh lng tnh). - Tnh cht ca hp cht crom (IV): K2CrO4, K2Cr2O7(tnh tan, tnh oxi ho v mu sc) 2.K nng : - D on v kt lun c v tnh cht ho hc ca crom v s hp cht crom . - Vit PT HH minh ho tnh tnh cht ho hc ca crom v s hp cht crom - Tnh th tch hoc nng dd K2Cr2O7 tham gia phn ng ho hc. II: Chun b : - GV : BTH , dng c ng nghim , gi ng ng nghim, n cn , kp g - Ho cht : dd NaOH , H2SO4, KI, FeSO4 , dd CrCl3 , HCl , inh st, dd HNO3 c, K2Cr2O7, K2CrO4 - HS : chun b bi mi III : Tin trnh dy hc : 1. n nh lp, kim tra s s 2. Kim tra bi c : ( Khng ) 3.Bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v HS Hot ng 1 Gv dng bng tun hon Ni dung ghi I : V tr BTH, cu hnh e nguynt: * V tr :

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri

GV: L Th Hu

y/cu HS tm s th t ca crom trong BTH ? t s hiu nguyn t ca crom vit cu hnh e nguyn t , nhn xt s e ngoi cng, s e c thn . T s e c thn hy d on s oxihoa ca crom ? Hot ng 2 GV. Hy nghin cu SGK tm hiu tnh cht vt l c bit ca crom, da vo cu trc mng tinh th hy gii thch tnh cht vt l ? Hot ng 3 GV : Da vo 1 s tnh cht khc ca crom hy d on kh nng hot ng ca crom ? crom l kl chuyn tip kh hot ng nhit cao n c th P/ mnh lit vi hu ht PK nh Hal , O2, S . ? V sao E0 Cr2+/ Cr = -0,86 V < E0 H2O/ H2 . Nhng crom khng tc dng vi nc ? GV yu cu HS vit PTP xy ra dng phn t v ion rt gn ca crom kh H+ trong dung dch axit HCl, H2SO4 long , gii phng H2 Hot ng 4 Gv cho Hs tm hiu tnh cht ca ca Cr2O3 , Cr(OH)3 HS hon thnh PTP th

Thuc nhm VIB , chu k 4 , z = 24 * - Cu hnh : [ Ar ] 3d5 4s1 - S oxihoa ph bin +2, +3, +6

II : Tnh cht vt l: L KL c mu trng nh bc, khi lng ring ln D= 7,2 g/cm3 . Nng chy 18900C . L KL cng nht

III : Tnh cht ho hc : 1. Tc dng vi phi kim 2Cr + 3S Cr2S3 4Cr + 3O2 t 2Cr2O3 2Cr + 3Cl2 t 2CrCl3 - nhit thng trong khng kh KL crom to ra mng mng crom (III) oxit c cu to mn bn vng bo v , nhit cao kh c nhiu phi kim 2. Tc dng vi nc : - C lp oxit bo v nn khng phn ng
0 0

3. Tc dng vi axit : Cr +2 HCl CrCl2 + H2 Cr + 2 H2SO4 CrSO4 + H2 IV) Hp cht ca crom 1. Hp cht crom (III) a.crom (III) oxit : - Cr2O3 l cht rn mu lc thm . Cr2O3 l oxit lng tnh tan trong axit v kim c Cr2O3 + 6HCl 2CrCl3 + 3H2O Cr2O3 + 2NaOH 2NaCrO2 + H2O b.Crom (III) hiroxit . - L cht rn mu xanh nht . Cr(OH)3 l hiroxit lng tnh Cr(OH) 3 + NaOH NaCrO2 + 2H2O Cr(OH) 3 +3 HCl CrCl3 +3H2O

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GV: L Th Hu

hin tnh cht lng tnh ca Cr2O3 , Cr(OH)3 .

Gv cho HS tm hiu tnh cht ca CrO3 , K2Cr2O7 . Yu cu HS vit PTHH ca P CrO3 tc dng vi nc to ra cc axit .

- V trng thi s oxihoa trung gian , ion Cr3+ trong dd va c tnh oxihoa , va c tnh kh VD : 2CrCl3 + Zn 2CrCl2 +ZnCl2 2Cr3+ + Zn 2Cr2+ + Zn2+ 2. Hp cht Crom (VI) a. Crom (VI) oxit : CrO3 - L cht rn mu thm . CrO3 l mt oxit axit , tc dng vi nc to ra axit CrO3 + H2O H2CrO4 ( axit cromic) CrO3 + H2O H2Cr2O7 ( axit icromic) CrO3 c tnh oxihoa mnh mt s cht v c hu c nh S,P,C, C2H5OH bc chy khi tip xc vi CrO3 b. Mui crom (VI) - Cc mui cromat v icromat c tnh oxihoa mnh c bit trong mi trng axit mui crom (VI) b kh thnh mui crom(III)
+6 +2 +3 +3

Gv Cho hS nghin cu SGK nu cc mui Crom (VI) Mui cromat nh (Na2CrO4,K2Cr2O4) l mui ca axitcromic c mu vng ca ion cromat(CrO42-) GV cho HS xc nh s oxihoaca Cr, Fe trong Phng trnh .

K 2 CrO7 + 6 Fe SO4 + 7 H 2 SO4 3 Fe2 ( SO4 ) 3 + Cr2 ( SO4 ) 3 + K 2 SO4 + 7 H

7H2O *Trong dung dch ca ion Cr2O72- (mu da cam) lun c c ion CrO42- (mu vng ) trng thi cn bng vi nhau Cr2O72- + H2O 2CrO42- +2H+

Hot ng 5: *Cng c , luyn tp : - Hy so snh tnh cht ho hc ca nhm v crom ? Vit PT minh ho . +) Ging nhau : Phn ng vi PK , vi axit HCl , H2SO4 long , bn trong khng kh v khng phn ng vi nc . B th ng ho trong axit c ngui HNO3, H2SO4 +) Khc nhau : Nhm ch c 1 trng thi oxihoa +3 cn crom c nhiu trng thi oxihoa khi p vi axit nhm cho hp cht nhm (III) cn crom cho hp cht crom (II) . nhm C tnh kh mnh hn crom nn kh c crom (III) oxit . *Hng dn hc sinh t hc nh : 1,2,3,4,5. SGK trang 155

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy: 28/ 3 /2011 Tit 57: Bi 35 - ng v hp cht ca ng I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc: HS bit - V tr, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng, tnh cht vt l v ng dng ca ng. - Tnh cht ho hc ca ng l tnh kh yu (tc dng vi phi kim, dung dch axit c tnh oxi ho mnh) - Tnh cht ca CuO, Cu(OH)2 (tnh tan, tnh baz), CuSO4.5H2O (mu sc, tnh tan, phn ng nhit phn). ng dng ca Cu v hp cht ca Cu. 2.K nng :

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GV: L Th Hu

- Vit PT HH minh ho tnh tnh cht ho hc ca Cu v s hp cht ca Cu - S dng v bo qun hp l dng lm bng ng da vo tnh cht ca n. - Tnh % v khi lng ng hoc hp cht ng trong hn hp. II: Chun b : - GV : BTH , dng c ng nghim , gi ng ng nghim, n cn , kp g - Ho cht : Cu, Cl2, S, HNO3 c, H2SO4 c nng, CuO, CO, C, AgNO3, NaOH, CuSO4. - HS : chun b bi mi III : Tin trnh dy hc : 1. n nh lp, kim tra s s 2. Kim tra bi c : xen k bi mi 3.Bi mi : Hot ng ca GV v hc sinh Hot ng 1 GV dng bng tun hon cho HS xc nh v tr v vit cu hnh e nguyn t ng . GV gi , gii thch v rt ra KL v cc mc oxihoa thng gp ng Yu cu HS cho bit v tr ca ng trong dy in ho . Hot ng 2 HS: Da vo kin thc thc t v sgk , hy cho bit tnh cht vt l ca ng? Hot ng 3 Hi: 1) Da vo cu to nguyn t, m in, hy d on kh nng hot ng ho hc ca ng ? 2) ng c bn trong khng kh hay khng ? Ti sao trong khng kh ng thng b ph mt lp mng c mu xanh ? Ni dung ghi I. V tr trong BTH , cu hnh e nguyn t: - V tr : ng s 29 thuc nhm IB chu k IV - Cu hnh e: 1s 22s22p63s23p63d104s1vitgn[Ar ]3d104s1 - L nguyn t d, c electron ho tr nm 4s v 3d - Trong hp cht: Cu c mc oxi ho ph bin l: +1 v +2 II. Tnh cht vt l : - ng l kim lai mu , do, dai,d ko si dt mng - Dn in, dn nhit tt, l KL nng c D=8,89 g/cm3 nhit nng chy cao khong (10830C ) III. Tnh cht ho hc : [ng l kim loi km hot ng , c tnh kh yu 1.Tc dng vi phi kim: - Cu phn ng vi oxi khi un nng to CuO

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GV: L Th Hu

Hy vit p/t.p/ xy ra khi cho Cu tc dng vi Cl2, Br2, S Gv:Lm th nghim: Cu+H2SO4 long. HS: Quan st TN v khng nh mt ln na: Cu khng kh c ion H+ trong dung dch axit. GV: lm cc th nghim: cho mu Cu vo HNO3 c v H2SO4 c. HS: quan st , vit pthh gii thch hin tng. Nhn bit SO2 bng giy qu tm t . GV: Cho mt mu Cu vo dung dch AgNO3, Hot ng 4 HS: nu tnh cht ng (II) oxit HS vit PTHH

GV: Biu din th nghim iu ch Cu(OH) 2 t dd CuSO4 v dd NaOH . nghin cu tnh cht ca Cu(OH) 2 GV cho HS vit PTHH

GV cho HS vit PTHH biu th tnh cht chung ca mui i vi CuSO4 GV cho HS ly VD v mui ng (II) Hot ng 5:

2Cu + O2 t 2CuO - Tc dng trc tip vi Cl2, Br2, S... Cu + Cl2 CuCl2 Cu + S CuS 2. Tc dng vi axit: - Cu khng tc dng vi dung dch HCl, H2SO4 long. * Vi HNO3, H2SO4 c : Cu + 2 H2SO4 CuSO4 + SO2 + H2O Cu + 4 HNO 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 +H2O Cu+8 HNO3long 3Cu(NO3)2+2NO2 +H2O 3.Tc dng vi dung dch mui : - Kh c ion kim loi ng sau n trong dung dch mui. Cu + 2 AgNO 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag IV. Mt s hp cht ca ng: 1) ng (II) oxit: CuO - L cht rn mu en, tc dng vi axit, oxit axit . - CuO + H2SO4CuSO4 +H2O - CuO d b H2, CO, C kh thnh ng kim loi - CuO + H2 t Cu + H2O 2) ng (II) hidroxit: Cu(OH)2 - L cht rn mu xanh.khng tan trong nc - D tan trong cc dd axit Cu(OH) 2 + 2HCl CuCl2 +2H2O - Cu(OH) 2 d b nhit phn Cu(OH) 2 t CuO + H2O 3.Mui ng (II) . - dd mui ng c mu xanh . - Mui ng (II) VD : CuCl2 , CuSO4 , Cu(NO3)2 Mui ng (II) sunfat kt tinh dng
0 0

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GV: L Th Hu

HS:Nu nhng ng dng ca Cu trong thc t ? - Nghin cu sgk v cho bit nhng hp kim c nhiu ng dng trong cng nghip v i sng .

ngm nc . H2O CuSO4 .5H2O t CuSO4 +5

0

Mu xanh Mu trng 4.ng dng ca ng v hp cht ca ng (SGK)

Hot ng 6: *. Cng c ,luyn tp +>HS lm mt s bi tp. Bi tp 1,2.(SGK) trang 159 1. Vit p/t.p/ thc hin dy chuyn ho sau: Cu CuO CuCl2 Cu(OH) 2 CuO Cu 2. Bng cch no c th tinh ch dung dch Fe (II) sunfat khi tp cht CuSO4 ? *. Hng dn HS t hc nh : lm BT 3,4,5,6 trang 159 (SGK)

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy: 28./ 3 /2011 Tit 58 : Bi 38 - Luyn tp Tnh cht ho hc ca crom, ng v hp cht ca chng I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS hiu: - Cu hnh e bt thng ca nguyn t Cr, Cu. - v sao Cu c s oxi ho +1, +2, cn Cr c s oxi ho +2, +3, +6 *HS bit: - Tnh cht ho hc ca Cr v Cu. - Tnh cht ho hc ca mt s hp cht ca Cu v hp cht ca Crom. 2.K nng : - vit PTHH dng phn t v ion rt gn v tnh cht ho hc ca Cr v Cu v hp cht ca chng. - gii cc bi tp v Cr v Cu.. II) Chun b : - GV: Hng dn HS n tp v chun b trc cc BT trong SGK - HS : n tp k nhng vn c lin quan n n dung luyn tp III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1. n nh lp, kim tra s s 2. Kim tra bi c ( xen k bi mi) 3. Bi mi: Hot ng ca GV Ni dung ghi v HS Hot ng 1 A. Kin thc cn nh: GV lp bng h thng 1. Cu hnh electon : ho tnh cht ho hc ca crom v ng n Cu S oxi Tnh cht HS in vo bng cht hnh ho thng ho hc

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GV: L Th Hu

(GV cho HS hot ng nhm ) HS nhn xt cho gia cc nhm Crom ng

electron gp (vit pthh nguyn t trong cc vi PK, hp cht axit , dd mui)

Hot ng 2 GV lp bng h thng 2.Tnh cht: kin thc Ca cc hp cht HS t in Gv cho HS hot ng nhm Cho HS nhn xt cho Hp cht gia cc nhm . Hp cht Cu (II) Hp (III) Hp (VI) Hot ng 3 cht cht Cr Cr

Th d

Tnh cht ho hc

B. Bi tp : Bi tp 1 : (trang 166) Hon thnh PTHH ca cc phn ng trong dy GV cho hS ln bng hon chuyn i sau : thnh PTHH . Cu + S t CuS CuS + 2HNO 3 c t Cu(NO3)2 + H2S Cu(NO3)2 +2NaOH Cu(OH) 2 + 2NaNO3 GV hng dn HS lm bi Cu(OH) 2 + 2HCl CuCl2 +2H2O tp CuCl2 +Mg MgCl2 + Cu HS vit PTHH . Bi tp 3 : (166)
0 0

mCu =

14,8.43,24 = 64( g ) 100 -> mFe= 14,8 6,4 =

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GV: L Th Hu

8,4 (g)

Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
n H 2 = n Fe = 8,4 = 0,15(mol ) V = 22,4.0,15 = 3,36(lit ) 56

p n ng D GVhng dn cho HS lm Bi tp 4 : (trang 166) bi tp Hs vit PTHH . tnh s CuO + H2 t Cu + H2O (1) mol da theo pthh. 3Cu +8HNO 3 3CuNO3)2 +2NO + 4H2O (2) CuO +2HNO 3 Cu(NO3)2 +2NO + 4H2O (3)
0

n NO =

4,48 = 0,2(mol ) 22,4

Theo (2) nCu = n NO = 0,3(mol ), n HNO = n NO = 0,8(mol ) Theo (3) nCuO

Gv : cho HS ln bng lm bi tp 5 GV cho hc sinh nhn p n ng B xt v rt ra kt lun . Bi tp 5 : (trang 166) Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 +Cu x x x x (mol) m tng = 64x 56 x =1,2 x= 0,15 mCu= 64. 0,15 = 9,6 g p n ng D Bi tp 6 : (trang 166) 3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O p n ng B Hot ng 4: * Hng dn HS t hc nh ; Lmbi tp 7.61->7.68 SBT ho hc

nNOban u = 0,1 + 0,3 = 0,4 (mol) 0,3 h= .100% = 75% 0,4

3 8 3 2 2 1 1 = n HNO3 = (1 0,8) = 0,1(mol ) 2 2

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy son: 04/ 04 /2011 Tit 60: bi 36 - S lc v niken km- ch - thic I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS bit: - V tr trong BTH, cu hnh e ho tr ca Ni, Zn, Sn, Pb. - T/c vt l ( mu sc, khi lng ring). - Tnh cht ho hc ( tnh kh: tc dng vi phi kim, dd axit)v ng dng quan trng ca Ni, Zn, Sn, Pb. 2.K nng : - vit PTHH dng phn t v ion rt gn v tnh cht ho hc ca Ni, Zn, Sn, Pb. - S dng v bo qun hp l dng lm bng cc kim loi Ni, Zn, Sn, Pb. - gii cc bi tp v tnh % khi lng kim loi trong hn hp phn ng.

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GV: L Th Hu

II) Chun b : - GV: Bng tun hon, bng ph cho cc nhm hot ng, phiu ho tp ca HS. - HS : n tp k nhng vn c lin quan n n dung luyn tp III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1.n nh lp, kim tra s s 2.Kim tra bi c ( xen k bi mi) 3.Bi mi: Hot ng ca Gv v HS Hot ng 1 GV dng BTH cho HS xc nh v tr ca Ni Gv cho Hs nghin cu SGK nu tnh cht vt l v ng dng ca Ni . Ni dung ghi I) Niken 1. V tr trong bng tun hon : Niken s 28 , nhm VIIIB , chu k 4 Cu hnh e [Ar] 3d84s2 2.Tnh cht v ng dng - Ni l KL c mu trng bc rt cng . Khi lng ring ln D = 8,9g/ cm3 , nng chy nhit 14550C . Ni ken c tnh kh yu hn st . Tc dng vi nhiu n cht v hp cht khng tc dng vi H2 VD : 2Ni +O2 500 c 2NiO Ni + Cl2 t NiCl2 HS vit PTHH ca P Ni vi O2, Ni +2HCl NiCl2 + H2 Cl2 - iu kin thng Ni bn trong khng kh, nc - ng dng : (SGK) Hot ng 2 II) Km Gv dng BTH cho HS xc nh 1. V tr trong bng tun hon v tr ca Zn . vit cu hnh Nm s 30 , chu k 4 ,nhm IIB e ca Zn . Cu hnh e [Ar] 3d104s2 2. Tnh cht v ng dng Hs nghin cu SGK nu tnh - L KL c mu lam nht. D = 7,13 g/cm3. cht vt l v ng dng ca Nng chy nhit 419,50C. Zn trng Zn thi rn cc hp cht ca Zn khng c . Ring hi ca ZnO th rt c - Km l KL hot ng c tnh kh mnh hn st , tc dng vi oxi, S VD: 2Zn + O2 t 2ZnO Hs vit PTHH ca p Zn tc Zn + S t ZnS dng vi O2,S - ng dng (SGK) III) Ch : Pb 1. V tr trong bng tun hon :
0 0 0 0

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GV: L Th Hu

Hot ng 3 - Nm s 82 , nhm IVA , chu k 6 Gv cho HS xc nh v tr 2. Tnh cht v ng dng ca Pb trong BTH - L KL c mu trng hi xanh .D = 11,34 HS nghin cu tnh cht vt l 0C v ng dng ca Pb . iu kin thng Pb tc dng vi oxi khng kh to ra mng oxit bo v cho Kl Vit PTHH ca P khng b oxihoa . 2Pb + O2 t 2PbO - Khi un nng Pb tc dng trc tip vi S to ra PbS Pb + S t PbS - ng dng (SGK) Hot ng 4: IV) Thic : Sn HS xc nh v tr ca Sn 1. V tr trong BTH trong BTH . - Nm s 50 ,nhm IVA , chu k 5 Hs nghin cu SGK nu tnh 2 Tnh cht v ng dng : cht vt l v ng dng ca - L KL mu trng bc . D = 7,92 g/cm3 . Sn . nng chy nhit 2320C . Thic tn ti 2 dng th hnh l thic trng v thic xm - Thic tan chm trong dd HCl HS vit PTHH. Sn + 2HCl SnCl2 + H2 - Khi un nng trong khng kh Sn tc dng vi O2 . Sn + O2 t SnO2 - ng dng (SGK) Hot ng 5: Cng c , luyn tp : Lm bi tp 1,2, SGK : *. Hng dn HS t hc nh : lm Btp 3,4,5. trang 163 SGK
0 0 0

Ngy 04/4/2011 Tit 61: Bi 39 - Thc hnh Tnh cht ho hc ca st, crom, ng v hp cht ca chng I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t:

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GV: L Th Hu

1.Kin thc : *HS bit: - Mc ch, cch tin hnh, k thut thc hin cc th nghim c th: - iu ch FeCl2, Fe(OH) 2 v FeCl3, Fe(OH) 3 t Fe v cc ho cht cn thit. - Th tnh oxi ho ca K2Cr2O7. - Cu tc dng vi H2SO4 c nng. 2.K nng : - S dng dng c ho cht tin hnh c an ton, thnh cng cc th nghim trn. - Quan st, nu hin tng, gii thch v vit PTHH. Rt ra nhn xt. - Vit tng trnh th nghim.. II) Chun b : - GV: ho cht: Fe, vn Cu, dd NaOH c, dd FeSO4, dd H2SO4 c, giy qu tm, dd HCl long, dd H2SO4 long, dd K2Cr2O7, ng nghim, cp g, cc thu tinh, n cn, chu thu tinh, ng nh git, bng tm dd NaOh. - HS : c trc ni dung bi thc hnh III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1.n nh lp, kim tra s s 2.Kim tra bi c: ( khng kim tra) 3.Bi mi: Hot ng ca GV v HS Hot ng 1 GV nu mc tiu ca tit thchnh n nhng kin thc c bn v Fe, Cr, Cu , phn ng oxihoa kh . HS lng nghe , tip thu chun b lm thc hnh Ni dung ghi I) Ni dung th nghim cch tin hnh 1) Th nghim 1: iu ch FeCl2 - Tin hnh th nghim nh SGK Nhn xt : Khi un nng nh thy bt kh si .Mu ca dd t PTHH : Fe + HCl FeCl2 + H2
t0

2) Th nghim 2 : iu ch Fe(OH) 2 Hot ng 2 Tin hnh th nghim nh SGK. Gv hng dn HS tin hnh Nhn xt : Trong ng nghim xut hin kt th nghim nh SGK . HS ta mu trng xanh Fe(OH) 2 sau ho quan st th nghim nhn nu xt v vit PTHH . FeCl2 +2 NaOH Fe(OH) 2 +2 NaCl Fe(OH) 2 + 2H2O + O2 4Fe(OH) 3 Kt lun: st(II) hidroxit v st (III) hidroxit c tnh baz 3) Th nghim 3 : Tnh oxiho ca K2Cr2O7

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GV: L Th Hu

Hot ng 3 Gvhng dn th nghim nh SGK cho HS quan st mu ca kt ta. ng nghim ln gi ng nghim sau mt thi gian quan st mu ca kt ta trong ng nghim . Hs vit PTHH .

Hot ng 4 GV tin hnh th nghim nh SGK cho HS quan st . nhn xt vit PTP . xc nh s oxihoa . Lu phn ng ny xy ra trong mi trng H2SO4 nn phi cho H2SO4 d trong phn ng iu ch FeSO4

Tin hnh th nghim nh SGK Hin tng v gii thch: Dung dch lc u c mu da cam ca ion Cr2O72-sau chuyn dn sang mu xanh ca ion Cr3+. p/: K2Cr2O7 + 6 FeSO4 + 7 H2SO4 Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 3 Fe2(SO4)3 + 7 H2O. Kt lun : K2Cr2O7 c tnh oxi ho mnh ,c bit trong mi trng axit, Cr+6 b kh thnh ion Cr3+. 4) Th nghim 4: Phn ng ca ng vi dung dch H2SO4 ( c nng ) : Tin hnh th nghim nh SGK Nhn xt : H2SO4 c nng oxiho Cu thnh Cu2+, sau Cu2+ tc dng vi NaOH to ra kt ta Cu(OH) 2 . Cc PTHH t Cu + 2H2SO4 (c) CuSO4+ SO2 +2H2O CuSO4 + 2NaOH(long) CuSO4 + Na2SO4
t0

Hot ng 5 Cng vic sau bui thc hnh : GV nhn xt, rt kinh nghim bui thc hnh . Hs : Thu dn dng c , ho cht , v sinh lp hc , vit bn tng trnh .

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy 04/4/2011 Chng 8: Phn bit mt s cht v c Tit 62: bi 40 - Nhn bit mt s ion trong dung dch I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS bit: - Cc phn ng c trng c dng phn bit mt s cation v anion trong dung dch - Cch tin hnh nhn bit cc ion ring bit trong dung dch. 2.K nng : - K nng tin hnh cc th nghim nhn bit cc cation, anion trong dung dch. - Gii l thuyt mt s bi tp thc nghim phn bit mt s ion cho trc trong mt s l khng dn nhn. II) Chun b : - GV: ho cht: NaCl, NH4Cl, dd NaOH, dd FeSO4, dd H2SO4 long, AlCl3, dd HCl long, dd FeCl3, dd NH3, CuSO4, KNO3, AgNO3, Na2CO3, nc vi trong, ng nghim, cp g, cc thu tinh, n cn, chu thu tinh, ng nh git, bng tm dd NaOh. - HS : c trc ni dung bi hc III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1.n nh lp, kim tra s s 2.Kim tra bi c: ( khng kim tra) 3.Bi mi: Hot ng ca Gv v HS Hot ng 1 GV :Da vo tnh cht no nhn bit cation kim loi kim v anion ? HS c th da vo mu ca sphm sn phm l cht kt ta hoc cht kh . Hot ng 2 Gv nu cch tin hnh th Ni dung ghi I) Nguyn tc nhn bit mt s ion trong dung dch: thuc th kt ta Dung dch hp cht c mu Cht kh

II) Nhn bit mt s cation trong dung dch

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GV: L Th Hu

nghim trong SGK nhn bit ion Na+ bng cch th mu ca ngn la GV cho HS tin hnh th nghim nh dd NaOH vo ng nghim ng khong 2ml NH4Cl ri unnng .Dng giy qu tm t nhn bit kh NH3 hoc nhn bit bng mi khai.

1. Nhn bit cation Na : PP th mu ngn la Na+ c mu vng ti 2. Nhn bit cation NH4+ Dng dung dch kim nhn ra NH4+ NH4+ + OH- t NH3 + H2O
0

Gv cho HS tin hnh th nghim nh dd H2SO4 long vo 1ml dd BaCl2 . HS vit PTHH .sau nh thm dd H2SO4 lc ng nghim 4. Nhn bit cation Al3+ : thy hin tng g ? Hs kt Dng dung dch kim ta khng tan trong H2SO4 Al3+ + 3OH- Al(OH) 3 d. Al(OH) 3 +OH - AlO2- +2H2O Gv cho HS tin hnh th nghim nh dd NaOH vo ng nghim ng khong 1ml AlCl3 thu c kt ta trng . nh thm dd NaOH lc ng nghim thy hin tng g ?( kt ta tan trong dd NaOH d ) GV cho HS tin hnh th nghim nh dd NaOH vo ng nghim cha 2ml dd FeCl3 thu c kt ta mu nu Fe(OH) 3. HS tin hnh th nghim nh dd NaOH vo ng nghim cha khong 2ml dd FeCl2 . un nng ng nghim thy hin tng g xy ra ? ( kt ta trng hi xanh chuyn dn sang mu vng ri cui cng thnh mu nu . 5. Nhn bit cc cation Fe2+, Fe3+ a, Nhn bit cation Fe3+ : Dng dung dch NaOH , NH3 , vo dd Fe3+ Fe3+ +3OH- Fe(OH) 3 nu b. Nhn bit cation Fe2+ :Dng dd kim , NH3 vo dd Fe2+ to thnh kt ta Fe(OH) 2 c mu trng hi xanh .Sau Fe(OH) 2 tip xc vi oxi khng kh v b oxihoa thnh Fe(OH) 3 4Fe(OH) 2 +O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH) 3 c. Nhn bit cation Cu2+ Thuc th c trng l dd NH3 . thuc th u tin to ra vi ion ng kt ta Cu(OH) 2 mu xanh sau thuc th b ho tan trong thuc th d to thnh dd c mu xanh lam m

3. Nhn bit cation Ba2+ : Dng dung dch H2SO4 long Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4

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GV: L Th Hu

GV : HS tin hnh th nghim nh dd NH3 vo ng nghim cha khong 1ml dd CuSO4 thu c kt ta mu xanh Cu(OH) 2 .nh thm dd NH3 n d lc ng nghim thy hin tng g ? (kt ta tan do to phc [CuNH3)2]2+c mu xanh lam m . Hot ng 3 Hs tin hnh th nghim cho 2ml NaNO3 + H2SO4 + vi l ng mng .un nng ng nghim , quan st hin tng xy ra, vit PTHH.

III: Nhn bit mt s anion trong dung dch : 1. Nhn bit anion NO3- : Dng bt ng hoc vi mu l ng mng trong mi trng axit H2SO4 long . 3Cu + 2NO3 +8H+ 3Cu2+ + 2NO +4H2O NO + O2 2NO2Nu 2. Nhn bit anion SO42Thuc th c trng v kh chn lc l dd BaCl2 trong mi trng axit long d (dd HCl, HNO3) Ba2+ +SO42- BaSO4 Lu ; mi trng axit d l cn thit v mt s cc anion nh CO32- ,PO43- , SO3- . cho kt ta trng vi ion Ba2+ nhng cc kt ta u tan trong dd HCl, HNO3 long ring Ba2+ khng Tin hnh th nghim nh tan dd BaCl2 vo ng nghim 3. Nhn bit anion Cl- : cha khong 2ml dd Thuc th l dd AgNO3 trong mi trng HNO3 Na2SO4 .sau nh thm long . vo ng nghim vi git Ag+ + Cl- AgCl trng dd HCl long thy hin tng g xy ra? (kt ta khng tan ) 4. Nhn bit anion CO32-: - l axit yu d b phn hu HS tin hnh th nghim H2CO3 CO2 + H2O rt vo ng nghim 2ml Na2CO3 +2 HCl 2 NaCl + CO2 + NaCl cho thm vi git H2O HNO3 lm mi trng , sau CO32- + 2H+ CO2 + H2O cho thm vi git dd Nu dn kh CO2 vo bnh ng nc vi AgNO3 . thu c kt trong quan st c s to thnh kt ta ta trng trng CaCO3lm nc vi trong vn c . CO2 + Ca(OH) 2 CaCO3 + H2O Tin hnh th nghim rt vo ng nghim 2ml Na2CO3 sau nh thm vi git dd HCl long . Quan st hin tng xy ra vit PTHHdng phn t v ion rt gn .

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GV: L Th Hu

Hot ng 4 *. Cng c , luyn tp : bi tp 1 (SGK) *. Hng dn HS t hc nh : lm bi tp 2,3,4,5 6,(SGK trang 174)

Ngy 04/4/2011 Tit 63: Bi 41 - Nhn bit mt s cht kh I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS bit: - Cc phn ng c trng c dng phn bit mt s cht kh. - Bit cch nhn bit mt s kh ring bit (CO2, SO2, H2S, NH3). 2.K nng : - Vit PTHH dng ion thu gn. - Gii l thuyt mt s bi tp thc nghim phn bit mt s cht kh cho trc trong mt s l khng dn nhn. II) Chun b : - GV: ho cht v dng c tin hnh th nghim nhn bit kh SO2, H2S, NH3.

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GV: L Th Hu

- ho cht: Na2SO3, FeS, dd HCl, Na2CO3, nc vi trong, nc brom, CuSO4, Pb(NO3)2, NH3 c, giy qu tm, giy lc, ng nghim, cp g, n cn... - HS : c trc ni dung bi hc III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1.n nh lp, kim tra s s 2.Kim tra bi c: ( khng kim tra) 3.Bi mi: Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 I) Nguyn tc chung nhn bit GV nu vn : c hai bnh mt s cht kh : kh Cl2 v bnh kh O2 . Lm th no nhn bit cc kh . Kh Cl2c mu vng lc . nhn bit bng tnh cht vt l .a than hng vo vo bnh cha oxi n bng chy . Nguyn tc chung : Da vo tnh cht Nhn bit bng tnh cht ho vt l , tnh cht ho hc c trng . hc . GV cho HS rt ra kt lun II) Nhn bit mt s cht kh : nguyn tc chung nhn 1. Nhn bit kh CO2 bit mt s cht kh . kh CO2 khng mu , nng hn khng kh, rt t tan trong nc nn kh to thnh Hot ng 2 t cc dd nc n to nn si bt kh mnh GV cho HS nhn bit kh CO2 v c trng . bng dd nc vi trong . CO32_ +2H+ CO2 +H2O HCO3- + H+ CO2 +H2O Nhn bit kh CO2 bng dd Ca(OH) 2hay dd Ba(OH) 2v to kt ta . CO2 + Ca(OH) 2 CaCO3 +H2O 2. Nhn bit kh SO2 : kh SO2 khng mu, nng hn khng kh ,c mi hc, gy ngt v c . Thuc th tt nht hp th kh SO2 l dd nc Brom d SO2 + Br2 +2H2O H2SO4 +2HBr V kh SO2 lm nht mu nc Brom

Hot ng 3 GV t vn : lm th no phn bit kh SO2 vi CO2 ? c th dng Ca(OH) 2 khng . HS khng th c v SO2,CO2 u lm vn c nc vi trong . 3. Nhn bit kh H2S : Thuc th tt nht l dd nc Kh H2S khng mu , nng hn khng

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GV: L Th Hu

Brom Hot ng 4 GV t vn : C th nhn bit kh H2S da vo tnh cht vt l v tnh cht ho hc no ? Tnh cht vt l : mi trng thi Tnh cht ho hc : To kt ta en vi ion Cu2+ , Pb2+ . Hot ng 5

kh , c mi trng thi v c , d dng to kt ta sunfua c mu vi dd ca nhiu mui ngay trong mi trng axit ; H2S + Cu2+ CuS + 2H+ Mu en H2S + Fe2+ FeS + 2H+ Mu en Thuc th nhn bit kh H2S l dd Cu2+, hay dd Pb2+ 4. Nhn bit kh NH3 : Kh NH3 khng mu nh hn khng kh tan nhiu trong nc c mi khai c trng

GV t vn : C th nhn bit kh NH3 da vo tnh cht vt l v tnh cht Thuc th nhn bit kh NH3 l cc ho hc no . cht ch th mu nh qu tm Tnh cht vt l : mi khai ,phenoltalein . Tnh cht ho hc : NH3 lm giy qu tm nc chuyn mu xanh , phenoltalein chuyn sang hng . Hot ng 6 * Cng c, luyn tp : Bi tp 1(SGK) trang 177 Khng th dng nc vi trong phn bit hai kh CO2, SO2 v c 2 kh ny u to kt ta trng CaCO3 , CaSO3 cc kt ta ny u tan trong cc axit mnh * Hng dn hc sinh t hc nh : lm bi tp 2,3, trang 177 (SGK)

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy son 04/4/2011 Tit 64: bi 42 - Luyn tp nhn bit mt s cht v c I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS bit: - Cng c cc phn ng c trng c dng phn bit mt s ion trong dung dch v mt s cht kh. 2.K nng : - Rn k nng gii l thuyt mt s bi tp thc nghim phn bit mt s hp cht v c cho trc trong mt s l khng dn nhn. II) Chun b : - GV: Phiu hc tp, bng ph cho hot ng nhm. - HS : c trc ni dung bi hc III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1.n nh lp, kim tra s s 2.Kim tra bi c: ( Xen k bi mi) 3.Bi mi: I) Kin thc cn nh: Hot ng 1 : GV cng hc sinh xy dng bng tng kt kin thc v cch nhn bit mt s ion trong dung dch v mt s cht kh . Bng 1: Nhn bit tng cation: Catrion Ba2+ Dung dch ,thuc th H2SO4 long Hin tng trong axit -Fe2+ Kim hoc NH3
trng khng tan

Gii thch Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4 Fe2++2OH- Fe(OH) 2 4Fe(OH) 2 +O2+2H2O 4Fe(OH) 3 Al3++3OH- Al(OH)3 Fe3++3OH- Fe(OH) 3 Lc u to Cu(OH) 2 xanh tan

Fe(OH) 2 trng hi xanh sau chuyn thnh mu nu -Al(OH)3 tan trong NaOH d Fe(OH) 3 nu Cu(OH) 2 xanh tan thnh dd xanh lam

Al

3+

Kim d Kim hoc NH3 NH3 d

Fe3+ Cu2+

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GV: L Th Hu

m 2) Nhn bit mt s anion trong dung dch : Thuc th Anion NO3SO

24

to thnh dd xanh lam m

Hin tng

gii thch

dd H2SO4 , Cu DD BaCl2trong mi trng axit long DD AgNO3 trong dd HNO3 long HCl

Dd xanh kh khng 3Cu2++8H++2NO3- mu ho nu 3Cu2++2NO + 4H2O trong khng kh BaSO4 trng Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4 khng tan trong axit HCl AgCl trng khng Ag+ +Cl- AgCl tan trong axit Si bt kh khng mu khng mi CO32-+ 2H+ CO2 + H2O

ClCO32-

3)Nhn bit mt s cht kh : Anion SO2 Mi Hc,gy ngt Dung dch, Hin tng , gii thch thuc th Dung dch Br2 DD Brom nht mu d SO2+ Br2 +2H2O H2SO4 +2HBr Ca(OH) 2d, Ca2++CO32- CaCO3 trng Ba(OH) 2d Qu tm Chuyn mu xanh Pb2+ + H2S PbS + 2H+ en

CO2 Khai NH3 H2S

Trng thi Pb(CH3COO)2

II : Gii bi tp : Hot ng 2 : GV cho hc sinh hot ng nhm , cc nhm nhn xt cho , GV nhn xt kt lun . Bi tp 1 : Cho dung dch cha ion SO42- vo cc dung dch cho , nu c kt ta trng

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L dd cha ion Ba . Hai dd cn li cho tc dng vi dd NH3 d to ra kt ta nu l dd cha ion Fe3+ to ra kt ta mu xanh ri tan trong dd NH3 d l dd cha ion Cu2+ . Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4 Fe3+ + 3NH3 +3H2O Fe(OH) 3 + 3NH4+ Cu2+ + 2NH3 +2H2O Cu(OH) 2 + 2NH4+ Cu(OH) 2 + 4NH4 [Cu(NH3)4] (OH)2 Bi tp 2 : p n ng D Bi tp 3 : p n ng B Bi tp 4 : Nhng mu giy lc tm dd Pb(NO3)2 vo 2 dd cho, dd no lm cho giy lc chuyn thnh mu en l dd (NH4)2S (NH4)2S + Pb(NO3)2 PbS + 2NH4NO3 en Hoc nh dd BaCl2 vo 2 dd cho c kt ta trng l dd (NH4)2SO4 (NH4)2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2NH4Cl Hot ng 3: * Cng c , Luyn tp : bi tp 5 (SGK) trang 180 * Hng dn HS t hc nh : lm bi tp 8.15 -> 8.21 trang 73,74. (SBT)

2+

GV: L Th Hu

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy 11/4/2011 CHNG 9: HA HC V VN PHT TRIN KINH T, X HI, MI TRNG Tit 65: HA HC V NHNG VN PHT TRIN KINH T I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS bit: - Vai tr ca ho hc i vi s pht trin kinh t v cc vn : - Vai tr ca nng lng, nhin liu, nguyn vt liu i vi s pht trin kinh t, x hi. - Xu th ca th gii v vic gii quyt cc vn v nng lng, nhin liu, nguyn vt liu. - Vai tr ca ho hc i vi vic p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao, cng a dng v nng lng, nhin liu, nguyn vt liu. 2.K nng : - Tm thng tin trong bi hc, trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng v x l thng tin rt ra kt lun v vai tr ca ha hc i vi s pht trin kinh t. - Gii quyt mt s tn hung trong thc t v tit kim nng lng, nhin liu, cht ph thi,... - tnh khi lng ca cht, vt liu, nng lng sn xut c bng con ng ho hc. II) Chun b : - GV: Hnh nh v cc nh my in, m than, m du, nng lng mt tri, nh my in ht nhn.... - HS : c trc ni dung bi hc III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1.n nh lp, kim tra s s 2.Kim tra bi c: ( Xen k bi mi) 3.Bi mi: Hot ng ca thy v tr Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1. I. Vn nng lng v nhin liu:

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GV: L Th Hu

GV yu cu hc sinh c nhng thng tin trong bi, s dng kin thc c...tho lun v tr li cc cu hi sau: 1. Nng lng v nhin liu c vai tr nh th no i vi s pht trin ni chung v s pht trin kinh t ni ring ? 2. Vn nng lng v nhin liu ang t ra cho nhn loi hin nay l g ?

3. Ha hc gp phn gii quyt vn nng lng v nhin liu nh th no trong hin ti v tng lai ? HS: Tham kho t liu v SGK tho lun a ra cu tr li cho cc cu hi ca gio vin. GV: Yu cu HS cc nhm khc nh gi, nhn xt. GV: a ra p n.

Hot ng 2. GV: a ra cc cu hi tho lun nh sau: - Vai tr ca vt liu i vi s pht trin kinh t

- Vn ang t ra v vt liu cho nhn loi l g ?

1. Nng lng v nhin liu c vai tr quan trng nh th no i vi s pht trin kinh t - Mi hot ng ca con ngi u cn nng lng. - Nhin liu khi t chy sinh ra nng lng. - Nng lng v nhin liu l yu t quan trng trong vic pht trin nn kinh t. 2. Nhng vn ang t ra v nng lng v nhin liu. - Khai thc v s dng nhin liu t gy nhim mi trng. - Pht trin nng lng ht nhn. - Pht trin thu nng. - S dng nng lng mt tri. - S dng nng lng vi hiu qu cao hn. 3. Ho hc gp phn gii quyt vn nng lng v nhin liu nh th no ? - Nghin cu s dng cc nhin liu t nh hng n mi trng. - Nng cao hiu qu ca cc quy trnh ch ho, s dng nhin liu, quy trnh tit kim nhin liu. - Ch to vt liu cht lng cao cho ngnh nng lng. - Ho hc ng vai tr c bn trong vic to ra nhin liu ht nhn. II. VN VT LIU 1. Vai tr ca vt liu i vi s pht trin kinh t. - Vt liu l c s vt cht ca s sinh tn v pht trin ca loi ngi. - Vt liu l mt c s quan trng pht trin nn kinh t. 2. Vn vt liu ang t ra cho nhn loi. - Yu cu ca con ngi v vt liu ngy cng to ln, a dng theo hng: + Kt hp gia kt cu v cng dng. + Loi hnh c tnh a nng. + t nhim bn.

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+ C th ti sinh. + Tit kim nng lng. + Bn, chc, p. - Do phi tm kim nhin liu t cc ngun: + Cc khong cht, du m, kh thin nhin. + Khng kh v nc. - Ha hc gp phn gii quyt vn + T cc loi ng vt. nh th no ? 3. Ho hc gp phn gii quyt vn HS: Tham kho t liu v SGK tho vt liu cho tng lai. lun a ra cu tr li cho cc cu hi Ho hc v khoa hc khc ang nghin ca gio vin. cu v khai thc nhng vt liu mi c GV: Yu cu HS cc nhm khc nh trng lng nh, bn cao v c cng gi, nhn xt. nng c bit: GV: a ra p n. - Vt liu compozit - Vt liu hn hp cht v c v hp cht hu c - Vt liu hn hp nano. Hot ng 3. * Cng c: . GV: Yu cu HS lm bi tp 5, 4 SGK 186, 187 HS: Lm cc bi tp theo yu cu ca GV * Hng dn HS lm cc BTVN v chun b bi hc mi.

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy 11/4/2011 Tit 66: Bi 44 - Ho hc v vn x hi I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS bit: - ho hc gp phn thit thc gii quyt cc vn v lng thc, thc phm, t si, thuc cha bnh, thuc cai nghin ma tu. 2.K nng : - Tm thng tin trong bi hc, trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng v x l thng tin rt ra kt lun v cc vn trn. - Gii quyt mt s tnh hung trong thc t v thuc cha bnh, lng thc, thc phm. II) Chun b : - GV: Hnh nh v cc vn : m bo nhu cu lng thc, thc phm, thuc cha bnh, phng chng t nn ma tu. Phiu hc tp. - HS : c trc ni dung bi hc III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1.n nh lp, kim tra s s 2.Kim tra bi c: ( Xen k bi mi) 3.Bi mi: Hot ng ca GV v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 I) Ho hc v vn lng thc, thc GV cho HS nghin cu SGK phm: chun b bi tp 1 (SGK) 1.Vai tr ca lng thc, thc phm i vi HS hot ng nhm tho con ngi : lun . cc nhm nhn xt Lng thc v thc phm c con ngi s cho. GV nhn xt khng dng cha nhiu loi cht hu c nh nh vai tr ca lng thc cacbonhirat, protein, cht bo, vitamin, nthc phm rt quan trng, c, cc khong cht, cht vi lng . m c tnh cht quyt nh bo s sng th lng thc,thc phm v n s tn ti hay dit khu phn n hng ngy c ngha quyt vong ca loi ngi . Bo nh . m lng thc thc VD : Ngi vit nam cn TB 2300kcal/ngy

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GV: L Th Hu

phm cho nhn loi l vn trng i v ht sc kh khn . Vy ho hc c th ng gp c g gii quyt vn ? Hot ng 2 GV cho HS nghin cu SGK lm bi tp 2 SGK . HS tho lun tr li bi tp s 2 GV ch ra nhng hng chnh m ho hc c th lm gp phn gii quyt vn lng thc thc phm ca nhn loi

TB nam gii cn 3000kcal/ngy , n cn 2200kcal/ngy 2.Nhng vn ang t ra cho nhn loi v lng thc, thc phm . - gii quyt vn ny th gii c nhiu gii php nh (cuc cch mng xanh ) pht trin cng ngh sinh hc 3.Ho hc gp phn gii quyt vn lng thc, thc phm gii quyt vn lng thc thc phm cho nhn loi . Ho hc c nhng hng hot ng chnh sau Nghin cu v SX cc cht c tc dng bo v v pht trin thc vt v ng vt . VD (SGK) - Nghin cu v SX nhng ho cht bo qun lng thc thc phm nng cao cht lng ca lng thc thc phm sau thu hoch Bng con ng ch bin thc phm theo cng ngh ho hc nng cao cht lng ca sn phm nng nghip hoc ch bin thc phm VD (SGK) . Hng dn mi ngi s dng ng quy trnh v sinh an ton thc phm . II) Ho hc v vn may mc : 1. Vai tr ca vn may mc i vi cuc sng con ngi : (SGK) 2. Nhng vn ang t ra v may mc: (SGK) 3. Ho hc gp phn gii quyt nhng vn may mc cho nhn loi : Nhu cu may mc ca con ngi ngy cng a dng v ngy cng pht trin - Nng cao cht lng sn lng cc loi t ho hc t tng hp ch to nhiu loi t c tnh nng c bit p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi . Ch to nhiu loi thuc nhum cht ph gia lm cho mu sc cc loi t vi thm rc r ,tnh nng thm a dng

Hotng 3 HS nghin cu SGK lm bi tp 3 HS tho lun v tr li GV nhn xt v kt lun . Nhu cu may mc ca con ngi ngy cng a dng v ngy cng pht trin Nhn loi sn xut c nhiu loi t Ngy nay ho hc v cc ngnh cng nghip c lin quan p dng nhu cu may mc ngy cng cao ca con ngi . Hot ng 4 GV cho HS nghin cu SGK v tr li cu hi ? Dc phm c ngun gc t u ? c chia ra lm my loi ?

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GV: L Th Hu

III) Ho hc vi vic bo v sc kho con ngi: GV cho HS nu mt s cht 1.Dc phm : ngun gc dc phm c hai loi gy nghin matu ? cch -Dc phm c ngun gc t ng thc vt phng chng matu nh th -Dc phm c ngun gct nhng hp cht no ? chng ta lm g ho hc do con ngi tng hp nn phng chng matu . Dc phm bao gm thuc khng sinh, thuc HS lin h thc t trong cha bnh, vacxin vitamin thuc gim au a phng .. 2.Mt s cht gy nghin cht matu phng chng matu . a. Mt s cht gy nghin cht matu - Cc cht kch thch: VD (SGK) - Cc cht c ch thn kinh VD (SGK) - Cc cht gy nghin khng phi l matu ( ru, nicotin C10H14N2 ,cafeinC8H10N4O2) b. Phng chng ma tu : Chng ta cng u tranh ngn chn khng cho matu sm nhp vo nh trng Hot ng 5 *Cng c , luyn tp : Cht dinhdng c vai tr to ln nh th no i vi cuc sng ca con ngi. Ho hc lm g gp phn lm tng sn lng lng thc thc phm . Hy ly mt s VD v cht gy nghin matu . * Hng dn HS t hc nh : Lm bi tp5 (SGK trang 196) Ngy 13/4/2011 Tit 67: bi 45 - Ho hc v nhng vn mi trng I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1.Kin thc : *HS bit: - Mt s khi nim v nhim mi trng, nhim khng kh, nhim t, nc. - Vn nhim mi trng c lin quan n ho hc. - Xu th ca th gii v vic gii quyt cc vn v nng lng, nhin liu, nguyn vt liu. - Vn bo v mi trng trong i sng, sn xut v hc tp c lin quan n ho hc. 2.K nng : - Tm thng tin trong bi hc, trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng v x l thng tin rt ra kt lun v vn nhim mi trng.

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- X l cc thng tin, rt ra nhn xt v mt s vn nhim v chng nhim mi trng. - Vn dng kin thc ho hc gii quyt mt s tnh hung v mi trng trong thc tin. - tnh khi lng kh thi, cht thi trong phng th nghim v trong sn xut.. II) Chun b : - GV: Hnh nh v cc nh my in, m than, m du, nng lng mt tri, nh my in ht nhn.... - HS : c trc ni dung bi hc III: Tin trnh dy hc : 1.n nh lp, kim tra s s 2.Kim tra bi c: ( Xen k bi mi) 3.Bi mi: Hot ng ca Gv v HS Ni dung ghi Hot ng 1 I : Ho hc v vn nhim mi trng : GV cho Hs nghin cu SGK 1. nhim mi trng khng kh : tr li cu hi sau ? Th no nhim khng kh l s c mt ca cc l nhim mi trng ? cht l hoc s bin i quan trng nhim khng kh la g ? trong thnh phn khng kh , lm cho n nguyn nhn gy nhim khng sch c bi c mi kh chu lm khng kh ? gim tm nhn HS tho lun v tr li . a. Nguyn nhn gy nhim : C hai ngun c bn gy nhim khng kh + Ngun gy nhim do thin nhin + Ngun do hot ng ca con ngi + Ngun gy nhim do con ngi to ra t : - Kh thi cng nghip : TD (SGK) - Kh thi do hot ng giao thng vn ti , cc kh c hi pht sinh trong qu trnh t chy nhin liu ng c . - Kh thi do sinh hot ch yu pht sinh do un nu , l si , s dng nhin liu nhim khng kh c tc hi km cht lng . g ? Cc cht gy nhim khng kh nh CO, HS nghin cu tr li cu hi CO2, ? SO2, H2S, CFC, cc cht bi b. Tc hi ca nhim khng kh : - Gy hiu ng nh knh . - Gy ma axit

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Hot ng 2 GV hng dn HS nghin cu SGK tr li cu hi ? nhim mi trng nc l g ? Nguyn nhn gy nhim mi trng nc Hc sinh tho lun nhm tr li .

Hot ng 3 GV hng dn HS nghin cu SGK , tm hiu thm cc ti liu HS tr li cc cu hi ? Th no l nhim mi trng t ? Tc hi ca nhim mi trng t ? HS tho lun nhm tr li .

Hot ng 4 GV hng dn HS nghin cu SGK v ti liu tr li cc cu hi sau ? C th nhn bit mi trng b nhim bng cch no ? ? Ti sao ni bo v mi trng l cn thit , l s quan tm ca c loi ngi ? ? chng ta cn phi lm g

- nh hng khng tt n sc kho con ngi - nh hng n s sinh trng v pht trin ca ng thc vt 2. nhim mi trng nc : - S nhim mi trng nc l s thay i thnh phn v tnh cht ca nc gy nh hng n hot ng sng bnh thng ca con ngi v sinh vt . a. Nguyn nhn gy nhim mi trng nc . nhim mi trng nc c ngun gc t nhin do ma bo , tuyt tan , l lt . S nhim nc c ngun gc nhn to ch yu do nc thi cng nghip , hot ng giao thng , phn bn thuc tr sutong sn xut nng nghip vo mi trng nc . + Tc nhn ho hc gy nhim mi trng nc bao gm cc ionca kim loi nng , cc anion NO3-, PO43-, SO42- . Thuc bo v thc vt v phn bn ho hc . Tc hi ca nhim mi trng nc 3: nhim mi trng t : Khi c mt mt s cht v hm lng ca chung v vt qu gii hn th t l sinh thi t x b mt cn bng v mi trng t b nhim . Ngun gy nhim mi trng t . Ngun gc do t nhin .Ngun gc do con ngi nhim t do kim loi nng l do ngun nguy him i vi h sinh thi t nhim mi trng t gy ra nhng tn hi ln trong i sng v sn xut . II Ho hc vi vn phng chng mi trng 1. Nhn bit mi trng b nhim . Quan st c th nhn bit mi trng nc khng kh b nhim qua mi mu sc Xc nh bng cc thuc th pH ca mi trng nc , t . Xc nh nhim bng cc dng c o .

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GV: L Th Hu

gp phn bo v mi trng khng b nhim ? ( Lin h thc t a phng em lm g bo v mi trng .)

dng my sc k cc phng tin o lng xc nh thnh phn kh thi nc thi t ccnh my . 2. Vai tr ca ho hc trong vic s l cht gy nhim (SGK)

3. Cng c , luyn tp Gv cng c cho hc sinh bi tp 1,2,3, (SGK) trang 204 4 : Hng dn hc sinh t hc nh : lm bi tp 4,5. (SGK ) trang 204 Ngy 10/5/2009 kim tra

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GV: L Th Hu

Ngy 18/4/2011 Tit 68 + 69: n tp hc k II I) Chun kin thc k nng cn t: 1. Kin thc : n tp, cng c h thng ho kin thc ca chng v KL( i cng v KL : Klkim, Kl kim th, nhm st v mt s kim loi quan trng ) 2. K nng : Rn k nng da vo cu to nguyn t, m in, s oxihoa , d on tnh cht n cht v hp cht ca kim loi . Rn k nng gii bi tp t lun v bi tp trc nghim xc nh kim loi 3. Thi : C thc bo v cc vt bng kim loi (chng n mn ) v bo v mi trng , ti nguyn khong sn a phng . II) Chun b : * GV: Dng bng tng kt ca cc chng v KL n tp cng c h thng kin thc cc chng v kim loi . * HS : Yu cu hS lp bng tng kt kin thc ca cc chng v KL trc khi ln lp . III : Tin trnh dy hc : 1. Kim tra bi c : (Lng vo bi mi ) 2. Bi mi : Hot ng ca Ni dung GVv HS Hot ng 1 A. Kin thc c bn cn nm: GV lp bng h thng kin thc 1. i cng v kim loi . trng tm ca cc chng ( bng Vn Ni dung Gii thch trng HS t bncht in ) 1. T/C vt l chung ca GV cho HS hot KL ng nhm . cc nhm nhn xt 2. T/C ho cho . GV kt lun hc chung (c trng ) ca KL 3. S n mn KL a.n mn ho hc b. n mn in

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GV: L Th Hu

ho hc 4. iu ch kim loi Hot ng 2 GV cho hc sinh hot ng nhm . HS in vo bng ccnhm nhn xt cho GV nhn xt kt lun 2 . Kim loi kim , kim th , nhm: KLKim V tr v cu to nguyn t Tnh cht ho hc n cht Tnh cht ho hc ca hp cht iu ch ng dng 3. St v mt s kim loi quan trng: Hot ng 3 GV cho HS in vo bng . HS hot ng nhm . Cc nhm nhn xt cho -> Gv nhn xt kt lun Fe V tr v cu to tnh cht ca n cht tnh cht ca hp cht iu Cr Cu Ni Zn Pb Sn Klkim th Nhm

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GV: L Th Hu

ch ng dng Hot ng 4 : B) Bi tp : 1) Cation R+ c cu hnh e ngoi cng l 2p6 . V tr ca R trong bng tun hon nm A: 20 nhm IIA, chuk 4 B: 11, nhm IA, chuk 3 C : 19, nhm IB, chuk 4 D: 17, nhm VIA, chuk 4 p n ng B 2) Bi tp trong sch bi tp: bi st, com, niken. 3 . Hng dn hc sinh t hc nh : v nh n tp , lm ht s bi tp 7.49-> 7.51 SBT trang 66 . Ngy / 4/ 2011 tit 70: Kim tra hc k II I) Mc tiu bi hc: 1. Kin thc HS vn dng nhng kin thc hc tr li cc cu hi v gii cc bi tp ca thi Qua HS t nh gi mc tip thu kin thc ca bn thn. 2. K nng. - HS rn luyn lm bi thi , tr li nhanh cc cu hi , gii nhanh cc bi tp lm bi thi. V rn k nng vit PTHH , k nng tnh ton. II)Chun b. GV kim tra trc nghim khch quan 100%. HS Kin thc c v chng I n chng IV lm bi thi. III) Tin trnh kim tra: bi Hy khoanh trn vo ch ci A, B, C hoc D trc mt p n ng mi cu sau :