Bin tn (theo cch gi ca ngi Vit nam) c in l b nghch lu dng truyn ng ng c khng ng b (3 pha).

. V cng sut ca ng c 3 pha thng ln gi l cng sut ln trong in t cng sut, do ngun cung cp cho bin tn thng c ly t li in (1 pha hay 3 pha). Do , bin tn thc t gm mt b chnh lu to in p ngun DC cho b nghch lu, c nhim v to ra h dng in 3 pha c tn s v ln thay i c (nh vy s gip iu khin c tc v mmen ca ng c). Vi nguyn l chnh thng qua 2 giai on bin i: AC-DC v DC-AC, cc bin tn c in thng s dng t DC-link ln. Cc bn, nu c dp, c nhn vo rut ca cc bin tn c in s thy rt nhiu t in gii (electrolytic) kch thc kh ln. Ty theo tng nghch lu yu cu ngun dng hay ngun p m b chnh lu s to ra dng in hay in p tng i n nh. Nhng vn chnh cn gii quyt i vi b chnh lu l cch thc iu chnh cng sut u ra, h s cng sut u vo, mo dng sng u vo. B nghch lu c th dng ngun dng (CSI) hay ngun p (VSI), tuy nhin hin nay ph bin l loi b nghch lu ngun p. Nhng vn chnh cn gii quyt l cch thc iu chnh tn s v in p ng ra (ti ang ni n VSI), cch gim tn tht chuyn mch nng cao hiu sut, cng nh nng cao tn s chuyn mch gim kch thc ca b bin i. Ti s ni chi tit hn tng phn, y ch cung cp mt ci nhn tng qut v bin tn c in. Thn,

V s khi th c th thy qua mch m phng m bn ToanThang88 a ln post #3. Chng ta c khi chnh lu, mch lc LC (vi cun cm L v t C kh ln), v khi nghch lu. Chng ta dng bin tn iu khin tc v mmen ca ng c, vy y chc chn l bi ton iu khin. Trong bi ton iu khin, chng ta phi nm r i tng c iu khin th iu khin mi c hiu qu (ti khng dm ni n cc l thuyt iu khin m, iu khin thch nghi, hay iu khin d on, v mt m l thuyt iu khin m khng cn bit i tng iu khin l ci g). Vi ti th phi nm r i tng cn iu khin th mi iu khin tt. D sao th chng ta cng ang ni v bin tn kinh in, lc lm g c my ci l thuyt iu khin cao siu kia. Tr li vn ca chng ta, cn nm r i tng iu khin, tc l ci ng c ang c iu chnh tc v mmen kia. N l mt thit b in c, nhng chng ta ch m phng v tnh ton trn mch in, vy mch in ny phi c mt phn th hin t nht l cng sut c ca ng c ch. Bn thn ng c phn ng ra sao khi chng ta t mt in p xung tn s tng i cao (so vi tn s ca dng in ca ng c). ng c khng ng b thng c coi nh mt ti cm (v c cun dy, v tiu th cng sut tc dng mt h s cng sut khng cao lm, c bit iu kin non ti), do vy mch ti cm 3 pha (in cm mc ni tip vi in tr) thng c dng thay th cho ng c trong cc mch m phng.

V tnh cht cm, bn thn ng c phn ng nh mt mch lc thng thp, do chng ta c th dng cc xung in p nh dng cho dng in ca ng c. ng c ch cn c dng in tng i trn tru l c th to ra mmen n nh, khng lm cho ng c b rung mnh khi vn hnh. Dng sng in p t ln ng c c bn ToanThang88 minh ha trong post #9. Cc thnh phn mmen bc cao (c nhng bc lm cho ng c quay ngc vi chiu quay mong mun) c th c loi b nu chng ta c th to ra mt h dng 3 pha hnh sin a vo ng c. Cch trc quan nht l chng ta to ra mt sng mang v iu ch bng mt sng sin, y chng ta li dng tnh cht lc thng thp ca ng c, v nh vy chng ta c gii thut iu ch rng xung sin (sin PWM). Gii thut ny c minh ha trong post #3 ca bn ToanThang88. Hm nay vit n y thi, cn phi lm vic khc. Thn, nu iu khin ng c bm nc th dng triac cng c. dng AVR iu khin gc m ca n da trn mch pht hin im 0 a vo chn ngt ngoi ca AVR c mi na chu k tn hiu hnh sine s to ra 1 ngt qua quyt nh thi im kch triac. gc m triac cng ln th cng sut qua ti cng ln. mnh cng ang lm ci ny nu bn mc u ln y cng trao i nh. sng (ng c ny nh hn motua bm nc t cy nc ngm na). nu mun k bng in th dng khi ng t , mun ng ngt t ng th dng VK + opto triac + khi ng t ---> ng c

My pht in khng ng b Ti liu tham kho t cun sch My in I ca thy Trn Khnh H. Nguyn l lm vic ca MF khng ng b: * Lm vic vi li Khi my in khng ng b lm vic vi li in m ta dng ng c s cp ko n quay nhanh hn tc ng b (y chnh l tc ca t trng quay sinh ra khi cung cp in p li vo stator n=60*f/p, nh vy nu f = 50Hz, p=2 th tc ca ng c s cp phi > 1500 vng/min) th my pht ra cng sut tc dng P vo li nhng vn nhn cng phn khng Q t li vo, mt mt kch t, mt khc cung cp cho cng sut phn khng do t tn trn stator v rotor gy nn. Cn ch l dng in khng ti Io trong my in khng ng b ln n 20-25% Im nh vy cng sut phn khng kch t chim ti 20 - 25% cng sut my pht. Vic tiu th nhiu cng sut phn khng ca li in lm h s cng sut ca li km i. chnh l nhc im ca my pht in khng ng b. Tuy nhin MF d b c mt s u im nh: m my v ha vo li rt d dng, hiu sut vn hnh cao v vy c th dng lm cc ngun in b tr nh. * Lm vic c lp. Vic xc lp in p khi my lm vic c lp cn c mt qu trnh t kch nh trong my in mt chiu kch t song song. Cn c vo th vect MF d b Io vt trc E mt gc 90 , hay ni cch khc khi MF lm vic c lp phi mc vi u cc ca my mt in dung C. Ging nh MF mt chiu in p u tin vn da

vo s tn ti ca t d. Nh s do t d sinh ra m trong in dung C c dng in lm cho t thng c tng cng. iu kin cui cng xc lp in p l gi tr ca C phi ph hp ng c tnh in dung v ng t ha ca my pht giao nhau ti im in p nh mc. mf.bmp ng thng tip tuyn vi on khng bo ha ca ng t ha gi l ng c tnh in dung gii hn. H s gc ng thng lc bng U1/Io = I/w*Cgh (w: tn s gc) Do khi khng ti mun xc lp in p in dung mc vo phi c gi tr > gi tr gii hn. Gi tr C cn thit kch t cho my pht c th c tnh theo cng thc: mf1.bmp U1: in p dy ca my pht f1: tn s ca dng in pht ra = p*n/60 Iu : dng in t ha c th coi bng dng in khng ti Io. Khi c ti phi lun gi tc bng tc nh mc, nu khng th f1 s gim xung lm h s gc ca ng c tnh in dung tng ln dn n in p gim hoc mt n nh. Mt khc khi c ti do c in khng ca ti v in khng tn t ca stator nn phi tng thm in dung m bo in p khng i. in dung b vo in khng ca ti c th tnh theo cng thc: mf2.bmp Q: cng sut phn khng ca ti. in dung b vo in khng tn t ca dy qun stator khong 25%Co. T ta thy tr khi c thit b iu chnh t ng, nu khng khi ti thay i rt kh c th gi c in p v tn s khng i. Vn na l in dung C gi thnh tng i t nn thng hn ch cng sut ca my pht d b di 20KW. Nh vy c th kt lun my pht d b rt kn ti c bit l ti c tnh cm nh bin p hay ng c in, ch c th dng chiu sng hoc np acqui nh th d ca bn PUMANEW hoc nhng ni yu cu cht lng in khng cao. Vic thit k nhng b t ng iu chnh in p v tn s ca loi my ny l c th nhng li khng gii quyt c bi ton v kinh t cho nn ngi ta khng pht trin my pht loi ny.
!!!!...Bi ny khng lm mnh tu ha nhp ma u!...Nu c th mnh ang thnm v ci file zip anh gi cho mnh ka???? Bi ny mnh c t 1973, ca thy KHAI, dng cua rono, hin nay vn cn, nhng giy vng v rch. Tuy thy KHAI vit khc nhng c bn th cng nh thy H ( khng bit thy H c phi l hiu trng trng KT Vit c hin nay khng?). Mt iu l lng l nhng nm 73 , cc bn b th cm bt m khng thuc bi, cn mnh th cm c ( bn bida) th li thuc bi....Kh! kh!... nh g li bi thy KHAI tung chiu gi cho anh khi m anh cng nhn c th dng C cm ng lm my pht v lc s bn n cc yu t: nhc im, hiu sut....sau. nh lut th khng th thot!...Nhng chnh qui lut n mi ng khung cc tng, bit vn dng nh lut, thot ra khi qui lut th mi l " tng" Khi dn vn, mnh thng dn vn theo hng thc ti, trnh theo hng kinh in, ly bi ca cc thy ra lm bia n th d tn thng bn b lm?...Lc h xc phm thy mnh th din n bin thnh v i...Kh! kh!... Thn i!.... PT TB: Cc bi ny thuc v lnh vc in cng nghp, khng thuc v in t cng nghip. vit nh vy khng bit c bun phin C Nhc hay khng?, m khng thy CN tham gia?????????????????

Mnh nh a ch "Dng sng ca dng AC pht kch trong dinamo TQ" ln CM in t cng nghip hi bn b c hp php khng C Nhc?...

tranthanhnghia2 22-03-2008, 20:39 Bin tn ngh ti u tin Ch nh bng mt cun t in b ti nhng l thit b iu khin v cp tc ng c khng tip im hin i nht trn th gii, mang trong mnh nhng tin ch vt tri m bt c ngi s dng no cng cm thy hi lng. l b bin tn bn dn, mt phng tin kt ni c th gii truyn ng, v ang lm thay i c mt kiu t duy trong iu khin truyn ng in v qun l in nng. Theo PGS,TS. L Tng - chuyn gia u ngnh trong lnh vc truyn ng Vit Nam nh gi th b bin tn bn dn c t l tng trng rt nhanh Vit Nam trong nhng nm gn y, ha hn mt th trng y tim nng. Tin ch s dng ca bin tn im c bit nht ca h truyn ng bin tn - ng c l bn c th iu chnh v cp tc ng c. Tc l thng qua vic iu chnh tn s bn c th iu chnh tc ng c thay i theo mun trong mt di rng. S dng b bin tn bn dn, cng c ngha l bn mc nhin c hng rt nhiu cc tnh nng thng minh, linh hot nh l t ng nhn dng ng c; tnh nng iu khin thng qua mng; c th thit lp c 16 cp tc ; khng ch dng khi ng ng c gip qu trnh khi ng m i (mm) nng cao bn kt cu c kh; gim thiu chi ph lp t, bo tr; tit kim khng gian lp t; cc ch tit kim nng lng, Bn s khng cn nhng ni lo v vic khng lm ch, khng ch c nng lng qu trnh truyn ng bi v t nay bn c th kim sot c n thng qua cc ch bo v qu ti, qu nhit, qu dng, qu p, thp p, li mt pha, lch pha, ca bin tn. c bit, vi nhng b bin tn c ch iu khin Sensorless Vector SLV hoc Vector Control With Encoder Feedback, bn s c hng nhiu tnh nng cao cp hn hn, chng s cho bn mt di iu chnh tc rt rng v mmen khi ng ln, bng 200% nh mc hoc ln hn; s bin ng vng quay ti tc thp c gim trit , gip nng cao s n nh v chnh xc ca qu trnh lm vic; mmen lm vic ln, t 150% mmen nh mc ngay c vng tc 0. Phm vi s dng Cc b bin tn bn dn dng khi ng v iu chnh tc ng c in xoay chiu 3 pha rto lng sc. C nhiu kch c cng sut khc nhau ph hp vi tng loi cng sut ng c.

Tt c cc hng bin tn hin nay u pht trin 2 dy dng sn phm khc nhau ph hp vi nhiu dng ng dng khc nhau. Mt s iu lu khi s dng bin tn + Ty theo ng dng m bn la chn b bin tn cho ph hp, theo cch bn s ch phi tr mt chi ph thp m li m bo tin cy lm vic. + Bn trong b bin tn l cc linh kin in t bn dn nn rt nhy cm vi iu kin mi trng, m Vit Nam c kh hu nng m nn khi la chn bn phi chc chn rng b bin tn ca mnh c nhit i ho, ph hp vi mi trng kh hu Vit Nam. + Bn phi m bo iu kin mi trng lp t nh nhit , m, v tr. Cc b bin tn khng th lm vic ngoi tri, chng cn c lp t trong t c khng gian rng, thng gi tt (t phi c qut thng gi), v tr t t l ni kh ro trong phng c nhit nh hn 500oC, khng c cht n mn, kh gas, bi bn, cao nh hn 1000m so vi mt nc bin. + c k hng dn s dng, nu khng hiu hoc khng chc chn th khng t mc ni hoc thay i cc tham s thit t. + Nh cc chuyn gia k thut ca hng cung cp bin tn cho bn hng dn lp t, ci t c c ch vn hnh ti u cho ng dng ca bn. + Khi bin tn bo li hy tra cu m li trong ti liu v tm hiu nguyn nhn gy li, ch khi no khc phc c li mi khi ng li. + Mi b bin tn u c mt cun ti liu tra cu nhanh, bn nn ghi chp chi tit cc thng s thay i v cc li m bn quan st c vo cun ti liu ny, y l cc thng tin rt quan trng cho cc chuyn gia khi khc phc s c cho bn. Cui cng, ngy nay b bin tn khng cn l mt th xa x tn km ch dnh cho nhng ngi c tin, nhng tin ch m b bin tn mang li cho bn nhiu hn rt nhiu so vi chi ph bn phi tr, nn bn ng ngn ngi u t mua bin tn cho cc h truyn ng ca bn c th ng dng c bin tn. l mt s u t ng n, mt chin lc u t tng th v di hn. ngun : din n spkt nguyenlongdp 19-04-2008, 16:48 Hu ht cc loi bin tn hin nay u cung cp cu trc phn cng/iu khin m v linh hot kt hp vi nhiu la chn fieldbus mun mang li nhiu la chn cho nh thit k v ngi s dng trong vic tch hp bin tn vi cc loi my mc v thit b khc. Xt trn phng din chc nng c bn th bin tn AC dng nh khng khc my so vi mt

thp k trc. Chng iu khin tc v mmen ng c, bo v ng c, v cho php ngi s dng iu chnh cc thng s hot ng nh thi gian tng gim tc. Tuy nhin, nh vo b vi x l siu nh, bin tn ngy cng thng minh, d tng tc v tr thnh phn khng th thiu trong cc h thng t ng ha cng nghip. Hu ht cc loi bin tn hin nay u cung cp cu trc phn cng/iu khin m v linh hot kt hp vi nhiu la chn fieldbus mun mang li nhiu la chn cho nh thit k v ngi s dng trong vic tch hp bin tn vi cc loi my mc v thit b khc Ni mng v truy cp t xa Khi thit b chn on, gim st t xa v kt ni mng t xa ngy cng ph bin th cc gii php lin lc cho bin tn tr nn quan trng hn bao gi ht. Th h bin tn mi cung cp cc gii php lin lc tch hp sn rt tin tin gip ngi s dnglp rp cc ng dng c mc tch hp cao kt ni bin tn vi qu trnh sn xut thng qua cc mng m. Nh vy tit kim c khng gian panel so vi gii php s dng card lin lc tch bit gn bn ngoi bin tn Cng vi mun lin lc bn trong cho php kt ni trc tip vi cc mng sn my chun, th h bin tn ngy nay cn c th tch hp thng sut vi mi qu trnh sn xut. Bn cnh cn c cc b chuyn i RS232 h tr bin tn, cung cp kh nng lin lc trc tip ti PC. Vi di h tr rng nh vy, ngi s dng c th ci t, chn on, gim st v phn tch hot ng ca ton b qu trnh. Khi nhiu bin tn kt ni trn cng mt mng, ngi s dng c th gim st cng nh cu hnh ton b bin tn t mt im. Tr tu nhng H iu hnh thi gian thc nhng trong cc b bin tn ngy nay chy trn cc b vi x l mnh m vi b nh flash h tr ti v lu chng trnh ngi s dng. Ngoi ra, cn c th vin khi chc nng ton din, trong gm: PID, filter, counter, timer, latch, v khi chc nng macro cp cao nh iu khin dn n Vi tr tu nhng, bin tn AC c th t ng iu chnh tc khi in p st v khi phc khi in p tr li bnh thng. Vi kh nng khi ng ng b, bin tn t ng xc nh tc quay ca ng c trong thi gian st in p v in p tr li bnh thng. iu khin phn tn Th h bin tn thng minh mi mang li cho ngi s dng gii php PLC trong bin tn hiu qu m khng cn PLC hay b iu khin c lp khc. Mun iu khin cha ng tr tu nhng c th lp t vo bin tn v n cung cp nn tng kinh t cho nhn vin thit k h thng vit ra nhng chng trnh ng dng chuyn bit, do vy t c kh nng iu khin peerto-peer thi gian thc tc cao. iu khin phn tn kt hp tin b ca cng ngh CPU nhng tc cao nhng gi thnh thp to nn mt h thng c kh nng m rng linh hot hn vi chi ph thp hn. Rt nhiu ng dng t ng ha nh dy chuyn x l da trn cng ngh web, vn chuyn hng ha v h thng bng chuyn l mi trng l tng cho kiu iu khin ny nguyenlongdp 19-04-2008, 16:53 Ch nh bng mt cun t in b ti nhng l thit b iu khin v cp tc ng c khng tip im hin i nht trn th gii, mang trong mnh nhng tin ch vt tri m bt c ngi s dng no cng cm thy hi lng. l b bin tn bn dn, mt phng tin kt ni c th gii truyn ng, v ang lm thay i c mt kiu t duy trong iu khin truyn ng in

v qun l in nng. Theo PGS,TS. L Tng - chuyn gia u ngnh trong lnh vc truyn ng Vit Nam nh gi th b bin tn bn dn c t l tng trng rt nhanh Vit Nam trong nhng nm gn y, ha hn mt th trng y tim nng. Hin ti, Vit Nam, c mt s nhn hiu bin tn ang phn phi l Hitachi, Mitsubishi, Danfoss, ABB, Siemens, Trong , Hitachi l mt nhn hiu c phn phi vo th trng Vit Nam mun nht nhng ang chim c lng tin ca i a s ngi s dng bi tnh nng vt tri v gi cnh tranh.

Bin tn Hitachi Hng Hitachi va cho ra mt dng sn phm mi: SJ200 v L200, y thc s l mt dng sn phm thng minh v l kt qu ca s kt hp gia t duy hiu qu vi cng ngh hin i, n mang trong mnh thnh qu ca s pht trin cng ngh vi in t tch hp tin tin nht hin nay. c bit, dng sn phm SJ200 v L200 c phn phi chnh thc trn th trng Vit Nam vo trung tun thng 6/2005. Tin ch s dng ca bin tn im c bit nht ca h truyn ng bin tn - ng c l bn c th iu chnh v cp tc ng c. Tc l thng qua vic iu chnh tn s bn c th iu chnh tc ng c thay i theo mun trong mt di rng. S dng b bin tn bn dn, cng c ngha l bn mc nhin c hng rt nhiu cc tnh nng thng minh, linh hot nh l t ng nhn dng ng c; tnh nng iu khin thng qua mng; c th thit lp c 16 cp tc ; khng ch dng khi ng ng c gip qu trnh khi ng m i (mm) nng cao bn kt cu c kh; gim thiu chi ph lp t, bo tr; tit kim khng gian lp t; cc ch tit kim nng lng, Bn s khng cn nhng ni lo v vic khng lm ch, khng ch c nng lng qu trnh truyn ng bi v t nay bn c th kim sot c n thng qua cc ch bo v qu ti, qu nhit, qu dng, qu p, thp p, li mt pha, lch pha, ca bin tn. c bit, vi nhng b bin tn c ch iu khin Sensorless Vector SLV hoc Vector Control With Encoder Feedback, bn s c hng nhiu tnh nng cao cp hn hn, chng s cho bn mt di iu chnh tc rt rng v mmen khi ng ln, bng 200% nh mc hoc ln hn; s bin ng vng quay ti tc thp c gim trit , gip nng cao s n nh v chnh xc ca qu trnh lm vic; mmen lm vic ln, t 150% mmen nh mc ngay c vng tc 0. Phm vi s dng

Cc b bin tn bn dn dng khi ng v iu chnh tc ng c in xoay chiu 3 pha rto lng sc. C nhiu kch c cng sut khc nhau ph hp vi tng loi cng sut ng c. Tt c cc hng bin tn hin nay u pht trin 2 dy dng sn phm khc nhau ph hp vi nhiu dng ng dng khc nhau. V d, bin tn ca hng Hitachi c phn ra 2 dy dng sn phm l: - Dng L100, L200, L300P: Cc b bin tn ny s dng ch iu khin V/f nn ph hp vi cc ng dng cho bm v qut hoc cc loi ti khc c yu cu mmen khi ng khng ln v t khi lm vic vng tc thp nh bng ti, thang cun, my ng gi, cc my nha (dy dng sn phm ny l la chn ti u cho gii php tit kim nng lng v chi ph u t). - Dng SJ100, SJ200, SJ300: Cc b bin tn ny s dng ch iu khin Sensorless Vector hoc Vector Control With Encder Feedback vi y cc tnh nng cao cp cho nhng ng dng c yu cu mmen khi ng ln v iu kin lm vic ng ct lin tc, hay phi thng xuyn lm vic vng tc thp nh my cng c, cu trc, cn trc nng h trong cng nghip, thang my, Ngoi ra hng Hitachi cn c rt nhiu cc model khc nhau cho cc th trng khc nhau v tun theo cc tiu chun quc t. Cc model phin bn CE (-FE) cung cp cho th trng chu u v cc nc ng Nam phin bn ny c nhit i ho nn ph hp vi mi trng kh hu Vit Nam. Cc model phin bn UL (-FU) cung cp cho th trng M v cc nc ln cn. Cc model phin bn Nht (-FR) cung cp cho th trng Nht Bn. S a dng cc dng sn phm ny gip bn thun tin trong vic la chn tch hp cc my mc thit b xut khu ra nc ngoi. Mt s iu lu khi s dng bin tn + Ty theo ng dng m bn la chn b bin tn cho ph hp, theo cch bn s ch phi tr mt chi ph thp m li m bo tin cy lm vic. + Bn trong b bin tn l cc linh kin in t bn dn nn rt nhy cm vi iu kin mi trng, m Vit Nam c kh hu nng m nn khi la chn bn phi chc chn rng b bin tn ca mnh c nhit i ho, ph hp vi mi trng kh hu Vit Nam. + Bn phi m bo iu kin mi trng lp t nh nhit , m, v tr. Cc b bin tn khng th lm vic ngoi tri, chng cn c lp t trong t c khng gian rng, thng gi tt (t phi c qut thng gi), v tr t t l ni kh ro trong phng c nhit nh hn 500oC, khng c cht n mn, kh gas, bi bn, cao nh hn 1000m so vi mt nc bin. + c k hng dn s dng, nu khng hiu hoc khng chc chn th khng t mc ni hoc

thay i cc tham s thit t. + Nh cc chuyn gia k thut ca hng cung cp bin tn cho bn hng dn lp t, ci t c c ch vn hnh ti u cho ng dng ca bn. + Khi bin tn bo li hy tra cu m li trong ti liu v tm hiu nguyn nhn gy li, ch khi no khc phc c li mi khi ng li. + Mi b bin tn u c mt cun ti liu tra cu nhanh, bn nn ghi chp chi tit cc thng s thay i v cc li m bn quan st c vo cun ti liu ny, y l cc thng tin rt quan trng cho cc chuyn gia khi khc phc s c cho bn. Cui cng, ngy nay b bin tn khng cn l mt th xa x tn km ch dnh cho nhng ngi c tin, nhng tin ch m b bin tn mang li cho bn nhiu hn rt nhiu so vi chi ph bn phi tr, nn bn ng ngn ngi u t mua bin tn cho cc h truyn ng ca bn c th ng dng c bin tn. l mt s u t ng n, mt chin lc u t tng th v di hn. nguyenlongdp 04-07-2008, 23:22 NGUYN L LM VIC C BN CA BIN TN Nguyn l c bn lm vic ca b bin tn cng kh n gin. u tin, ngun in xoay chiu 1pha hay 3 pha c chnh lu v lc thnh ngun 1 chiu bng phng. Cng on ny c thc hin bi b chnh lu cu diode v t in. Nh vy, h s cng sut cosphi ca h bin tn u c gi tr khng ph thuc vo ti v c gi tr t nht 0.96. in p mt chiu ny c bin i (nghch lu) thnh in p xoay chiu 3 pha i xng. Cng on ny hin nay c thc hin thng qua h IGBT (transistor lng cc c cng cch ly) bng phng php iu ch rng xung (PWM). Nh tin b ca cng ngh vi x l v cng ngh bn dn lc hin nay, tn s chuyn mch xung c th ln ti di tn s siu m nhm gim ting n cho ng c v gim tn tht trn li st ng c. H thng in p xoay chiu 3 pha u ra c th thay i gi tr bin v tn s v cp tu theo b iu khin. Theo l thuyt, gia tn s v in p c mt quy lut nht nh tu theo ch iu khin. i vi ti c m men khng i, t s in p - tn s l khng i. Tuy vy vi ti bm v qut, quy lut ny li l hm bc 4. in p l hm bc 4 ca tn s. iu ny to ra c tnh m men l hm bc hai ca tc ph hp vi yu cu ca ti bm/qut do bn thn m men cng li l hm bc hai ca in p. Ngoi ra, bin tn ngy nay tch hp rt nhiu kiu iu khin khc nhau ph hp hu ht cc loi ph ti khc nhau. Ngy nay bin tn c tch hp c b PID v thch hp vi nhiu chun truyn thng khc nhau, rt ph hp cho vic iu khin v gim st trong h thng SCADA. TIT KIM IN Hiu sut chuyn i ngun ca cc b bin tn rt cao v s dng cc b linh kin bn dn cng sut ch to theo cng ngh hin i. Chnh v vy, nng lng tiu th cng xp x bng nng lng yu cu ca h thng.

Qua tnh ton vi cc d liu thc t, vi cc chi ph thc t th vi mt ng c s cp khong 100 kW, thi gian thu hi vn u t cho mt b bin tn l khong t 3 thng n 6 thng. Hin nay Vit nam c mt s x nghip s dng my bin tn ny v c kt qu r rt. Vi gii php tit kim nng lng bn cnh vic nng cao tnh nng iu khin h thng, cc b bin tn hin nay ang c coi l mt ng dng chun cho cc h truyn ng cho bm v qut. Nh tnh nng k thut cao vi cng ngh iu khin hin i nht (iu khin ti u v nng lng) cc b bin tn ang v s lm hi lng nhiu nh u t trong nc, trong khu vc v trn th gii. CC LOI TI NN S DNG BIN TN TIT KIM IN 1. Ph ti c m mem thay i (iu ha trung tm, bm cp nc, bm qut mt,... ). 2. ng c lun chy non ti m khng th thay ng c c th phi lp thm bin tn. nguyenlongdp 04-07-2008, 23:22 BIN TN - MT BIN PHP TIT KIM IN ! cc x nghip, nh my v cc nh my in u c cc thit b ht thi gi, khi, hi nc...c s dng ng c ba pha xoay chiu lm ng c s cp. Ti cc x nghip khc, thng l cc thit b lm mt ( iu ho trung tm ), my bm nc... Trong qu trnh sn xut, lu lng ca cc thit b ny lun cn thay i ph hp vi nhu cu c th v sn xut ca x nghip, nh my.... Vi ng c s cp l cc ng c xoay chiu ba pha, vic iu chnh lu lng ca cc thit b ny l kh khn v nh ta bit, lu lng ca cc mi cht thng qua thit b l ph thuc vo tc qua ca ng c s cp. Vi cu to ca cc ng c xoay chiu ba pha truyn thng th tc quay ca ng c coi nh khng i vi h thng li in xoay chiu c tn ss cng nghip f= 50Hz thng qua quan h f=p.n/60 trong p l s i cc ca ng c, v n l tc quay. Vi quan h ny, tc quay ca ng c ch cn ph thuc vo tn s ca li in. V vy thc hin thay i c lu lng, iu tt nht l thay i tc ng c s cp, c ngha l cn thay i tn s ca li in .Thm na, nh ta bit, i vi cc h truyn ng loi bm v qut, mmen ti ph thuc vo tc quay ca trc theo hm bnh phng. Lu lng ra ca h t l thun vi tc quay: M @ n2 M @ F2 Trong khi , cng sut i hi ca h thng li bng tch s gia mmen v tc quay: P = M xn Do , cng sut i hi ca h thng t l vi lp phng ca tc quay v cng l t l vi lp phng ca lu lng: P @ n3 @ F3 Do rng vic iu chnh tn s ca li in l iu khng th c, nn cho n nay ti cc x nghip, nh my thng iu chnh lu lng, ngi ta thng s dng bin php iu chnh cc l chn u vo, u ra hoc lm mt ng quay tr li ( nh hnh v 1,3) . Th d nh

nh my nhit in, cc qut ht khi, thi gi, u ra hoc u vo ca qut, thng c mt l chn ng, gm cc cnh hnh cnh qut, c trc quay theo cc bn knh. C mt ng c nh iu khin quay ca cc l chn ny, to ra cc khe h rng hay hp tu theo yu cu cho gi, khi lt qua. Vic iu chnh lu lng khi gi kiu i ph ny tuy c em li hiu qu v iu chnh lu lng khi gi nhng khng kinh t v ng c vn lm vic gn nh khng thay i, lng in tiu th khng gim c bao nhiu. Hnh v ng c tnh nu di y s cho thy iu . Hin nhin l trong cc phng php trn y, nng lng tiu th ca ton h thng ln hn nhiu so vi nng lng yu cu khi lu lng yu cu gim i so vi thit k. Mc d khi gim lu lng ra, nng lng tiu th cng gim i nhng tn hao trn cc thit b khng ch nh cc l chn vn cn ln. Cc phng php iu chnh l chn khc nhau cho thy tn hao trn cc l chn cng khc nhau rt nhiu. Vic lm mt i nhng tn hao trn cc l chn ny gi ra mt tim nng tit kim rt ln. Nh bit trn, lu lng ca cc thit b ny ph thuc vo tc ca ng c s cp, m tc ny li ph thuc vo tn s ca ngun in. V vy vi mt ng c s cp c, vic iu chnh tc d dng thc hin c nht l thay i tn s ca ngun in. Gii php cho vn trn chnh l s dng bin tn thay th cho cc van . Theo cc cng ngh truyn thng trc y mi ch thc hin c vic bin tn cc tn s cao, vi cng sut nh trong k ngh truyn thanh v truyn hnh. Cn vi tn s cng nghip v vi cng sut ln hng trm kil wat th cha thc hin c. Cho n nay, ro cn v trnh cng ngh ny b tho b, cc nc c nn k ngh tin tin ch to c cc my bin tn cng sut ln, v ngay lp tc c p dng vo sn xut, gii quyt c vn iu chnh tc ca cc ng c ba pha xoay chiu v em li hiu qu cao v mt kinh t. Vic iu chnh u ra (v.d lu lng) ca bm/qut c thc hin ngay ti u vo l ngun sinh ra lu lng, cng chnh l thng qua iu chnh tc ca ng c truyn ng bm/qut y. Khi khng phi dng van (hoc cc van sn c m ti a) ng nhin s khng cn tn tht trn van. ng c cng khng phi sinh cng sut c trn trc ln hn nhu cu thc thng sc cn trn cc van. Trong hnh v 2 l ng c tnh nng lng - lu lng ca b bin tn so snh vi b iu khin l chn u vo. Theo hai ng c tnh trn, chng ta lun thy ng biu din nng lng cho h thng khi dng bin tn (Micromaster) iu khin nm thp hn rt nhiu so vi c tnh van, nht l khi lu lng ra iu chnh xung gi tr phn trm thp. Nh trn hnh v, nu gim lu lng i 20% th nng lng tiu th s gim gn 50% so vi gi tr thit k vi phng n iu khin l chn u vo. Cn khi s dng b bin tn th nng lng tiu th gim ch cn 2-3%. Khi lu lng tiu th gim xung cn 50% th nng lng tiu th vi b bin tn ch cn 15% so vi 56% khi s dng l chn u vo. Cng so snh nh vy vi b iu khin l chn u ra ( Hnh v 4) th nng lng tiu th cn tit kim c nhiu hn .

Ngoi ra, vi vic s dng cc l chn, chng nhng nng lng tn hao gy ra lng ph ln m bn thn n cn gy ra nhng tc hi khng nh cho h thng. Cc l chn b mn i rt nhanh. Cc chi tit c kh trn h thng b chu p lc nhiu hn cn thit, chng mi hn v mau hng. Nh vy, chng ta li cn mt thm nhng chi ph cho bo tr h thng. Vy b bin tn lm vic nh th no ? Nguyn l lm vic ca b bin tn cng kh n gin ( Hnh 5). u tin, ngun in xoay chiu 1pha hay 3 pha c chnh lu v lc thnh ngun 1 chiu bng phng. Cng on ny c thc hin bi b chnh lu cu diode v t in (t DC link). Nh vy, h s cng sut cosphi ca h bin tn u c gi tr khng ph thuc vo ti v c gi tr t nht 0.96. in p mt chiu ny c bin i (nghch lu) thnh in p xoay chiu 3 pha i xng. Cng on ny hin nay c thc hin thng qua h IGBT (transistor lng cc c cng cch ly) bng phng php iu ch rng xung (PWM). Nh tin b ca cng ngh vi x l v cng ngh bn dn lc hin nay, tn s chuyn mch xung c th ln ti di tn s siu m nhm gim ting n cho ng c v gim tn tht trn li st ng c. H thng in p xoay chiu 3 pha u ra c th thay i gi tr bin v tn s v cp tu theo b iu khin. Theo l thuyt, gia tn s v in p c mt quy lut nht nh tu theo ch iu khin. i vi ti c m men khng i, t s in p - tn s l khng i. Tuy vy vi ti bm v qut, quy lut ny li l hm bc 4. in p l hm bc 4 ca tn s. iu ny to ra c tnh m men l hm bc hai ca tc ph hp vi yu cu ca ti bm/qut do bn thn m men cng li l hm bc hai ca in p. Hiu sut chuyn i ngun ca cc b bin tn rt cao v s dng cc b linh kin bn dn cng sut ch to theo cng ngh hin i. Chnh v vy, nng lng tiu th cng xp x bng nng lng yu cu bi h thng. Qua tnh ton vi cc d liu thc t, vi cc chi ph thc t th vi mt ng c s cp khong 100 kW, thi gian thu hi vn u t cho mt b bin tn l khong t 3 thng n 6 thng ( xem hnh 6 ) Hin nay Vit nam c mt s x nghip s dng my bin tn ny v c kt qu r rt. Vi gii php tit kim nng lng bn cnh vic nng cao tnh nng iu khin h thng, cc b bin tn hin nay ang c coi l mt ng dng chun cho cc h truyn ng cho bm v qut. Nh tnh nng k thut cao vi cng ngh iu khin hin i nht (iu khin ti u v nng lng) cc b bin tn ang v s lm hi lng nhiu nh u t trong nc, trong khu vc v trn th gii. Ngun EVN nguyenlongdp 04-07-2008, 23:22 TIT KIM IN NNG NH BIN TN DANFOSS ABN Va qua, thc hin ch th ca Th tng Chnh ph v tit kim in nng, Cng ty Than Cc

Su i tin phong trong vic u t mua sm v lp t cc bin tn ca hng Danfoss ABN cho cc ng c in ca h thng sng than c cng sut 2,5 triu tn/nm. Kt qu thu c rt c th: tit kim in nng; thi gian thu hi vn nhanh, h thng thit b nh sng vn hnh n nh v an ton hn. Tp ch Cng nghip xin gii thiu mt s thng tin v kinh nghim c rt ra t d n nh nhng c hiu qu ln ny: Bin tn v cc tnh nng u vit v nhiu mt ca DANFOSS - ABN Bin tn c nh gi l mt cng ngh tin tin, mang li nhng thay i ln trong cc ngnh cng nghip th k XX. Bin tn c ng dng rng ri trn th gii, mi c a vo Vit Nam trong mt vi nm gn y v th hin c u im ca mnh. Nguyn l lm vic chung ca b bin tn kh n gin. Ngun in xoay chiu 1 pha hay 3 pha c chnh lu v lc thnh ngun in 1 chiu bi b chnh lu. Nh vy, h s cng sut cosF ca bin tn khng ph thuc vo ti v c gi tr t nht 0,96. in p 1 chiu ny li c bin i thnh in p xoay chiu 3 pha i xng thng qua h IGBT bng phng php iu ch rng xung (PWM) Vi cng ngh hin nay, tn s chuyn mch xung c th ln ti di tn s siu m, gim ting n cho ng c v gim tn tht trn li st ng c. H thng in p xoay chiu 3 pha u ra c th thay i gi tr bin v tn s v cp tu theo ch iu khin. i vi ti c m men khng i, t s in p tn s l khng i. B bin tn lm vic theo nguyn tc thay i tn s (cng vi thay i in p) nn lun m bo m men khi ng vt ti ngay c khi tc rt thp. ng thi dng in a vo ng c khng tng, do phi hp gia in p v tn s gi cho t thng sinh m men. Dng khi ng ln nht ca h truyn ng bin tn ch bng dng nh mc. Chnh v vy, khng lm st p li khi khi ng, m bo cc ng dng khc khng b nh hng. Bn cht tit kim in nng khi s dng bin tn nh sau: c tnh khi ng ca bin tn cho php khng ch dng khi ng khng vt qu dng nh mc ca ng c, do tit kim in nng khi khi ng. Vi nhng ng dng c tnh ti thay i, nh bng ti, khi y ti, khi non ti, thng ng c hot ng non ti: Bin tn lm tng h s cosF (thng khong 0,96), tng hiu sut s dng in, gim tn tht cho li. Bin tn iu chnh tc ng ng c cho ph hp vi yu cu ti thc t, ti u c vic s dng in nng. Bin tn DANFOSS - ABN c sn xut u tin nm 1968, n nay tr thnh mt thng hiu ni ting ton cu v c chng minh v cht lng, vi cc nh my ch to hin ch t ti cc nc an Mch, c, M v NewZealand. Bin tn DANFOSS - ABN p ng c di cng sut rng, c tnh momen thay i cng nh

c nh, ph hp vi tt c cc loi ng c in trong cng nghip. Cc bin tn ca DANFOSS - ABN c ng dng rng ri trong nhiu lnh vc v trong hu ht cc ngnh cng nghip, giao thng vn ti, khai khong gm cc loi VLT6000, VLT8000 (ng dng iu khin bm, qut, h thng lnh, c cc c tnh momen thng xuyn thay i v thay i trong cc gii rng), VLT5000, VLT5000FLUX (ng dng vi yu cu momen ti ln nh my nn, bng ti, my nghin, v.v). Theo nh gi ca cc chuyn gia u ngnh thuc i hc Bch khoa H Ni, bin tn ca DANFOSS - ABN t ra hn hn so vi cc loi bin tn khc nh c cc tnh nng k thut u vit c bit, nh: Dy cng sut rng n 500kW (c th s dng cho hu ht cc chng loi thit b in trong cc m hm l, l thin v cc nh my sng tuyn than, cng nh trong cc cng trnh cng nghip nng khc); Cp bo v IP20 v IP54 (rt ph hp vi iu kin vn hnh trong cc mi trng ca cc ngnh cng nghip nng); C th lp cnh nhau (rt thun tin cho vic thit k lp t v ph hp vi cc khong khng gian ti thiu c sn, khng lm thay i kt cu ln). Tt c u c thit k c b lc nhiu tn s radio RFI, tng thch vi chun EN55011/1A (c th s dng lp t bt k ni no, khng gy nh hng n iu kin lm vic ca cc loi thit b in t tin hc, vin thng khc trong dy chuyn sn xut); Thit k thn thin vi ngi s dng. Rt d dng lp t, ci t v vn hnh (ph hp vi mi trnh qun l vn hnh ca cng nhn trc tip sn xut). Mn hnh iu khin hin th c th tho ri. C th vn hnh ti ch hoc t xa. Mmen khi ng ln. C ch t ng cp nht thng s ng c AMA nhm ti u hot ng ca h thng. C b iu khin PID C ch Sleep mode cho php tit kim nng lng. Cc chn vo/ra k thut s, vo/ra tng t vi chc nng lp trnh c. Giao thc truyn thng ni tip RS485, cho php truyn thng vi PLC hoc my tnh. C cc chc nng bo v cn thit: Bo v qu nhit ng c bng in t chng qu ti.

Gim st nhit ca b tn nhit nhm bo v khi nhit b tn nhit tng ti 800C. Bo v ngn mch trn ng c. Bo v chm t, chm v ng c. Gim st mch trung gian nhm bo v in p DC qu cao hoc qu thp. Bo v mt pha ng c. Bo v mt pha ngun. B bin tn s iu khin dng mm. p dng bin tn DANFOSS-ABN cho h thng sng than Cc Su Cm nh my sng than 1 v tuyn bng ti i ga B l h thng sng than ch yu ca Cng ty Than Cc Su. y l h thng c cng sut ln (tng ng nh sng Nam Cu Trng ca Cng ty Tuyn than Hn Gai), c lin ng phc tp, c yu cu iu khin nghim ngt, c mc tiu th in nng rt ln (khong mt triu kWh/nm). Qua kho st thc t cho thy, h thng ny ch hot ng mt cp tc v lng than vo thay i lin tc theo ngy v theo ma. Do , phn ln thi gian cc ng c ca h thng u hot ng non ti, hiu sut s dng in li rt thp. Trong bc u thc hin nhim v hin i ha v t ng ha dy chuyn sng than ca mnh, Cng ty Than Cc Su ra yu cu kh cao, nhm ng thi gii quyt 3 vn ln: (i) tit kim in nng, gim chi ph sn xut; (ii) nng cao n nh v an ton trong vn hnh ca h thng thit b; v (iii) t ng ha qu trnh iu khin sn xut. (Xem s ) gii quyt nhim v trn, v mt k thut, c th s dng bin tn. Nhng m bo hiu qu kinh t, phng n p dng bin tn phi c tnh ton rt chi tit, va m bo c c 3 mc tiu ra, va m bo vic lp t khng nh hng n hot ng ca h thng, ngay c trong cc ngy ngh nhng do yu cu sn xut, h thng vn phi hot ng ht cng sut. Sau khi phn tch k tnh hnh thc t sn xut, yu cu cng ngh, v tm hiu thit b ca mt s hng, Cng ty Than Cc Su quyt nh trin khai phng n lp t 23 bin tn loi VLT5000 ca hng DANFOSS - ABN (an Mch M) kt hp vi PLC iu khin cho 23 ng c ca h thng sng than. (Xem s ) Sau khi h thng c lp t p ng c cc yu cu ban u ra: Vic t ng ha iu khin c thc hin kh n gin: T trung tm iu khin pht lnh iu khin chy/dng, chn cp tc cho tng tuyn. Lnh iu khin c h PLC x l, chuyn n tng bin tn chi 1, v chuyn n h PLC chi 2 v chi 3 x l tip trc khi pht lnh v nhn tn hiu t cc bin tn tng ng. Do mt bng phn b rng, c h thng c chiu di trn 700m, phi b tr thnh 3 t bin tn,

ti cc chi 1, chi 2 v chi 3. Bn iu khin t ti chi 1. H thng khi ng lin ng thnh tuyn. H thng c t 3 cp tc : 1, 2, v 3 Ngi vn hnh chn tc ti bn iu khin chi 1, ty theo lng than cp vo. Vn hnh lin ng theo 3 tuyn: Tuyn 1: My cp liu 1 => Bng cp liu 1 => Sng 1 => Bng b 1 => Bng nht 1 => Bng than cc 1 => Tuyn bng than cm Tuyn 2: My cp liu 2 => Bng cp liu 2 => Sng 2 => Bng b 2 => Bng nht 2 => Bng than cc 2 => Tuyn bng than cm Tuyn 3: My cp liu 3 => Bng cp liu 3 => Sng 3 => Bng b 2 => Bng nht 2 => Bng than cc 2 => Tuyn bng than cm. V tit kim in nng: Do chn c cp tc nn h thng m bo hot ng hp l ty theo lng than cp, do gim c in nng tiu th, ng thi vn m bo nng sut. Ngoi ra, dng khi ng thp, vi s ln khi ng cao, cc ng h o m in nng cho thy tit kim ng k lng in nng so vi h thng c. V n nh v an ton ca thit b: do c tnh khi ng mm bng bin tn, ton b h thng bng ti khng b sc c kh khi khi ng, tui th ca cc con ln s tng ln ng k v dy bng cng s khng hay b t. Sau thi gian theo di chy lin tc, cn b k thut v cng nhn vn hnh ca cm nh my sng Cng ty Than Cc Su u c chung cc nhn xt nh gi v mt k thut: Dng khi ng rt thp, khng tng t bin, khng lm st in p li. Khi ng m, tc tng u, tng bng ti khng b sc c kh. H thng vn hnh n gin. Dng in hot ng thp, khong 1/2 so vi h thng c. Nng sut ca h thng thit b c s dng bin tn khng gim so vi h thng c. Nhn xt Vi c tnh khi ng mm, dng khi ng thp, iu khin v cp tc ng c, vic p

dng bin tn loi Danfoss - ABN khng ch tng tui th thit b m cn gim nh hng n li in, c th iu khin ti u theo ng nhu cu tiu th, cho php tit kim in nng rt ln. Vic a bin tn DANFOSS - ABN vo sn xut cng nghip VN l mt thnh cng rt ng k ca cc cn b k thut Cng ty Than Cc Su. Nh thnh cng ban u, Cng ty Than Cc Su s tip tc trin khai p dng cc bin tn ca Danfoss - ABN cho cc dy chuyn cng ngh khc nh bm nc, vn ti than v.v. TS. Nguyn Thnh Sn KHCN thng 7/2006 (trang 40) nguyenlongdp 04-07-2008, 23:23 BIN TN TRUNG P TOSHIBA: Gii php tit kim in nng cho DN Hin nay, Chnh ph Vit nam ang xc tin mnh m chng trnh mc tiu quc gia v s dng nng lng tit kim v hiu qu. Vi mc tiu h tr doanh nghip ct gim chi ph in nng tiu th, Cng ty C phn thng mi cng ngh Hong Hoa v Tp on Toshiba phi hp gii thiu ti ngi s dng bin tn trung p Toshiba gii php tit kim in nng cho doanh nghip. Chng ti cho rng vic ng dng cng ngh iu khin t ng s l gii php ti u gip cho vic nng cao hiu qu kinh doanh ca doanh nghip, cng nh thc y qu trnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha bn vng v nng lng v bo v mi trng nc ta. Do vy, vic ng dng cng ngh mi cng c s quan tm ca Chnh ph v ton x hi., ng Trn Nguyn Ngc - Tng gim c Hong Hoa cho bit trong cuc hi tho Tit kim nng lng bng bin tn trung p Toshiba (ngy 01/11). ng cng a ra mt v d minh ha cho s tit kim in nng c th p dng cc x nghip ln l iu tit lu lng bm v qut. Bm v qut c chung mt c th ti l cng sut in tiu th t l vi lp phng lu lng hay tc . C ngha l s tiu hao v ch mt lng in nng rt ln nu ng c chy ch danh nh nh hin nay vi lu lng yu cu thc t gim. V cng c ngha l s tit kim c rt ln in nng khi dng b bin tn iu khin cng sut tiu th ca ng c bm theo lu lng thc t. Ti Cng ty xi mng Bt Sn t nm 2003 s dng qut 1268 c cng sut ng c 2400kw, 6000v v Damper iu tit lu lng gi t 100% n 30%. V nu qut ny lm vic 8000 gi trong 1 nm; 100%, 70%, 50% lu lng vi 20%, 50%, 30% thi gian tng ng trong 1 nm vi gi in bnh qun l 1000/kw, th theo tnh ton nu iu khin lu lng bng van tit lu nh hin nay th tin in phi tr trong 1 nm l hn 16 t ng (16.247.000.000). Nu iu khin lu lng bng bin tn trung p Toshiba th tin in phi tr trong 1 nm l hn tm t ng (8.267.000.000). Nh vy s tin tit kim in do dng bin tn iu khin lu lng so vi dng van tit lu trong mt nm l gn tm t ng (7.980.000.000) hay gn bng s tin u t cho bin tn. R rng tit kim in l bi ton c ngha rt ln trong vic dng bm, qut. Tit kim in

bng cch dng bin tn l bin php kinh t, k thut hiu qu vi thi gian hon vn ti u. Vic ng dng bin tn trung p Toshiba l gii php hu ch cho vic nng cao hiu qu kinh doanh ca doanh nghip, cng nh thc y qu trnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha nc ta, ng Ngc nhn mnh. Bin tn trung p Toshiba c cng sut t 200kva -11400kva, in p t 3300v -6600v c ng dng iu khin cho ng c qut gi, bm, my nn kh, ... Cng ngh iu khin cng sut ln, in p cao nh bin tn trung p l cng ngh cao khng c nhiu hng ln trn th gii lm ch c. Ti Vit Nam, bin tn trung p Toshiba l bin tn trung p u tin c p dng vi cht lng rt tt c kim chng thc t hn 5 nm qua v ang c dng vi s lng nhiu nht. Trong tng lai gn , mt lot d n ln c s dng thit b in, h thng in, iu khin t ng ca bn Hng nh ng c in , bin tn h p, trung p, h thng DCS, SCADA...s c Hng Toshiba trin khai nc ta. HIENDAIHOA.COM nguyenlongdp 04-07-2008, 23:23 IU HA TIT KIM IN ... PHI C PHNG ' TIU CHUN' (?!) TP - i ph vi nhng ngy nng nng, nhiu ngi tiu dng x mua dng sn phm iu ha tit kim in vi lm tnh nng i km m khng bit rng tit kim c in cng phi lm iu kin ngt ngho. Ma h nm nay ch c dng sn phm inverter ca Panasonic c coi l c chc nng tit kim in v h thng lc kh e - ion vi cm bin bi kh. Dng sn phm ny c gi khng chnh lch nhiu so vi cc loi my khc nn c tiu th mnh nht. PGS. TS Nguyn c Li, Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh Nhit lnh, H Bch khoa H Ni, cho bit, inverter (bin tn) l loi mch i in c th iu chnh cc thng s in nh hiu in th, cng dng, v tn s ca my. Trong iu ha, mch chuyn i ny s kim sot s vng quay ca my nn v, do , kim sot c cng sut ca iu ha khng kh. Tng tn s s lm tng cng sut v, ngc li, gim tn s s lm gim cng sut. Hng Panasonic khng nh, cng ngh inverter cho php tit kim ln ti 50% so vi iu ha thng thng. Tuy nhin, mt s ngi phn nn iu ha inverter tn in hn cc iu ha khc. Tuy nhin, ng Bi Trng Ha, Trng quy bn iu ha ti Trung tm in t Nano ph Ty Sn (H Ni) cho bit, tnh nng tit kim in phi km theo iu kin. l inverter ch c th pht huy tc dng nu lp t trong phng... t chun. Nu khng, c khi my cn gy tn thm in, c tnh khong 20% in nng so vi iu ha thng thng.

Khi c hi th no l phng tiu chun, ngi bn hng t ra lng tng v cho rng khng c nh ngha c th no v phng tiu chun cho my iu ha. Anh ta m t i loi y l phng kn, khng c cc loi thit b in khc cng hot ng nh mn hnh my tnh, tivi, my sy tc, khng c qu nhiu vt..., v, nht l, khng ra vo nhiu. Ngay c khi p ng cc iu kin ngt ngho kia, ng Ha tit l thm, theo khuyn co ca hng sn xut, iu ha inverter cng ch bt u tit kim in sau hai gi khi ng my. PGS.TS Nguyn c Li cng tha nhn, dng sn phm s dng cng ngh inverter ch c th t c hiu qu tit kim in ti 50% nu... phng t chun. Song ng cng cnh bo, Vit Nam cha c nh ngha c th v phng tiu chun. Theo ng, khi nim v cc yu t ca mt phng chun cng khc nhau mi nc, cc vng trong mt nc thm ch trong mt khu chung c. Mt khc, vi iu kin xy dng cng thc ngi s dng hin nay, Vit Nam kh m tm c mt phng t chun iu ha inverter pht huy tc dng. PGS. Li ch lu , khng ch vi iu ha nhit inverter, mt phng tiu chun pht huy ti a cng sut iu ha l khi nhit bn ngoi khng qu 350C v nhit phng khong 270C. Thng thng khch hng nu yu cu da trn din tch phng s dng, nhu cu s dng, kh nng ti chnh. PGS.TS Li khuyn co nn tm hiu k c ch hot ng ca cc loi my, cng sut hot ng, ri mi quyt nh mua loi no. Nu khng, cn phi tr thm tin in ngay c khi mua iu ha c bo l tit kim in. Phm Anh 09-09-2010, 06:45 AM Tha Thy. Thu nhn tn hiu Analog u vo: l tn hiu sin,cos,c dng m m ta li dng con OpTo trong khj con opto cu to bj 1 Led quang m led quang th ch sng khj dng 1 chju,m tn hju l analog l xoay chju khj dng j chju thj led ko sng th Mch Cch ly lm sao thu nhn tn hiu c ? Mun Opto c th truyn c tn hiu c cc th ngi ta s phi: 1. Cng thm in p vo vi mt lng ;n; tr ;thnh; in ;;p; n ;cc 2. Dng 2 mch cch ly, mt hot ng ; ;na dng, mt hot ng na m

Tj sao lj dng b lc lc tn s cao ,v ts cao cng l 1 fn ca tn hiu,nh th th tn hiu thu c ko jng tin hju gc rj. Ph ca tn hiu bao gi cng l hu hn, gii hn ny ph thuc vo mi tn hiu v ngi ta c th o c, tnh ton c. Ngi ta s chn sao cho ngoi di ny nng lng tn hiu cn rt nh, c ngha l nu mt i cng ko nh hng n tn hiu. Do vy, nu lc b thnh phn ny s: 1. m bo hot ng ca cc b ly mu. 2. Lc nhiu. B AD c fj l ADC ko ? ng M mch cch ly c tc dng j ? cch ly v in m hon ton khng lm mt tn hiu. Cn cch ly s m bo an ton v tin cy cho ngun tn hiu v thit b. B lc RC ch dng lc tn hju xoay chju analog tj sao trog thu nhn tn hju logic l xung 1 chju lj dng mch lc RC( 1 chju dng mch lc C, LC...) B lc l thit b c c tnh tn s khng bng phng, c tc dng ngn chn (di) tn s ny v cho qua tn s khc. Do vy: 1. Bt k mch in t no c c tnh ph hp u c th coi l mch lc v s dng v tr b lc. 2. Khi no ngi ta cn loi tr mt tn s no th ngi ta dng b lc. 3. Bt k thit b ly mu no u phi tha mn nh l shanon, do vy, u cn b lc u vo, k c tn hiu logic hay tn hiu analog. linh 10-09-2010, 01:43 PM Tha thy : c th v ng dng ca cc thit b iu khin trong lnh vc giao thng vn ti l g ? ai cu v ny vi @.@ nghia 11-09-2010, 07:05 AM c th lm vic trong mi trng GT: - Rung, bi, m, nhit ... Tng t nh mi trng CN ni chung. Tuy nhin, rt kh khoanh vng cho thit b: Rt kh to ra mt phng iu khin an ton v rung, bi, m, nhit nh phng iu khin thng c trong CN. - Do tnh cht k0 n nh a im, phi di chuyn thng xuyn, TB GT cn n gin, gn nh, tin cy, d sa cha. u tin v kh nng lm vic/ - C kh nng hot ng lin tc, tin cy, vi in ngun cht lng k0 m bo v tn s v in p (my pht). - Cu trc thng n gin, phm vi lin kt hp hn so vi cc h thng cng nghip. linh

11-09-2010, 08:08 AM c th lm vic trong mi trng GT: - Rung, bi, m, nhit ... Tng t nh mi trng CN ni chung. Tuy nhin, rt kh khoanh vng cho thit b: Rt kh to ra mt phng iu khin an ton v rung, bi, m, nhit nh phng iu khin thng c trong CN. - Do tnh cht k0 n nh a im, phi di chuyn thng xuyn, TB GT cn n gin, gn nh, tin cy, d sa cha. u tin v kh nng lm vic/ - C kh nng hot ng lin tc, tin cy, vi in ngun cht lng k0 m bo v tn s v in p (my pht). - Cu trc thng n gin, phm vi lin kt hp hn so vi cc h thng cng nghip. `` chp chp, s ph vn l number 1 ! Nu ni vy th vn hiu sut v gi thnh s ko c tt lm phi ko ? nghia 11-09-2010, 11:38 AM Hiu sut cha c lm. V l do rt n gin l cc my thng c so snh tng i so vi nhau. VD: My nghin so snh vi my nghin , do vy hiu sut ch chnh lch nhau mt cht. Cn cu trc n gin, th s th ng nhin gi thnh cng r, bn cao. Ch cn ly d tr ln nhiu mt cht l tm n. svnk49 22-09-2010, 04:41 AM Thy cho em hi v Opto 4N35 vi . in p cch ly cao(220v,1KV, 3.5KV...) ngha l in p cao ny t vo 2 chn 5 v 4 ( 2 cc C,E)? Dng i qua Diode quang l If (c mA) th dng qua con Trans l Ic=K*If, (k<2), vy th dng qua con Trans cng nh do If nh, vy khi t in p cao vo 2 chn 5 v 4 th dng t C n E ntn ? hay lc dng ch ph thuc vo in p 2 chn 4,5 v in tr trn 2 chn ? Chn 6 (Base) ni vo u trong mch ? nghia 28-09-2010, 08:51 AM 1. c k trong datasheet ca linh kin s c cu tr li cho mi vn . in p cch ly l in p t gia s cp (v diode) vi th cp (v transitor). Hon ton khng c php c dng in no chy qua tip gip ny. 2. Xem li phn bo ha. 3. Chn b c th dng gim su bo ha (thi gian chuyn mch) ca transitor. sound 28-09-2010, 05:51 PM in p max gia C v E l b.nhiu? in p cch ly la ntn? Em ko hieu. Vd dng qua diot l analog th dng qua Tran co la analog ko (fu thuoc vao dng qua diode).? tadithoikeomuon 28-09-2010, 07:36 PM C phi chn 6 (cc B) h th Rbe l v cng ko ? Dng t C n E cn dng ng m 1 van bn dn khc,c phi ko? nghia

28-09-2010, 09:29 PM 1. Ty theo cch quy c k hiu: - Rbe l in tr ni (intr trong) ca transitor: N c xc nh Rbe = Delta Ube/ Delta Ib. i vi BjT, Rbe ny kh nh v khng bao gi l v cng c. - Rbe mun ch ti in tr mc bn ngoi song song gia cc b v cc e ca transitor hay photo transitor: L in tr do ngi s dng mc. Do vy, nu h cc b th ng nhin Rbe = v cng. 2. Bn c coi n nh mt ci tip im cng tc bn mun ni cng tc ny iu khin dng g cng c. Ai chn gip ci s mc optocoupler trong datasheet vo th tt