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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

NHN XT CA GING VIN HNG DN.


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NHN XT CA GING VIN CHM N.


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LI NI U.
Trong cuc sng chng ta c th bt gp nhng h thng truyn ng khp ni v c
th ni n ng vai tr nht nh trong cuc sng cng nh trong sn xut. i vi cc h
thng truyn ng thng gp th c th ni hp gim tc l mt b phn khng th thiu.
n thit k h thng truyn ng c kh gip cng c li cc kin thc hc trong
cc mn Nguyn L My, Chi Tit My, V K thut C kh, v gip sinh vin c ci
nhn tng quan v vic thit k c kh. Cng vic thit k hp gim tc gip chng ta hiu
k hn v c ci nhn c th hn v cu to cng nh chc nng ca cc chi tit c bn nh
bnh rng, ln,Thm vo trong qu trnh thc hin cc sinh vin c th b sung v
hon thin k nng v hnh chiu vi cng c AutoCad, iu rt cn thit vi mt k s c
kh.
Trong qu trnh hon thnh do kinh nghim v kin thc thc t cn hn ch nn khng
trnh khi sai st. Em knh mong s ch bo ca cc thy, c n ny c hon thin
tt hn.
hon thnh c n ny, chng em chn thnh cm n s s gip tn tnh ca
thy Xun Ph cng cc thy, c trong khoa C kh tn tnh ch dn chng em hon
thnh n mn hc ny.

Tp. HCM, ngy 10 thng 6 nm 2011.


SVTH: 1. Lng nh Nam.
2. ng Minh Dng.

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TI.
THIT K H THNG DN NG THNG TRN.

H thng dn ng thng trn gm:


1- ng c in 3 pha khng ng b;
2- Ni trc n hi ;
3- Hp gim tc bnh rng tr hai cp ng trc;
4- B truyn xch ng con ln;
5- Thng trn.
S liu thit k:
Cng sut trn trc thng trn, P : 10 kW.
S vng quay trn trc thng trn, n(v/p) : 40 vg/ph.
Thi gian phc v, L(nm) : 6 nm. Quay mt chiu, lm vic 1 ca, ti va p
nh (1 nm lm vic 300 ngy, 1 ca lm vic 8 gi).
Ch ti: T1= T; T2 = 0,75T; t1= 28s; t2 = 12s;

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Mc Lc
I. Tm hiu truyn ng c kh trong my.

II. Xc nh cng sut ng c v phn phi t s truyn. .................................................................... 8


1. Xc nh ti trng tng ng. ................................................................................................... 8
2. Xc nh cng sut cn thit cho ng c. .................................................................................... 8
3. Phn phi li t s truyn:.............................................................................................................. 8
4. Xc nh cng sut trn cc trc. .................................................................................................. 9
5. Tnh s vng quay trn mi trc. .................................................................................................. 9
6. Tnh mmen xon trn trc v ng c. ....................................................................................... 9
III. Thit k b truyn bnh rng. ....................................................................................................... 10
1. Tnh ton cp chm: bnh rng tr rng nghing. ....................................................................... 11
2. Tnh ton cp nhanh: Tnh ton bnh rng tr rng nghing. ..................................................... 18
IV. Thit k b truyn xch. ................................................................................................................ 25
1. Chn loi xch: ............................................................................................................................ 25
2. Chn s rng s b ca a xch dn theo cng thc: ................................................................. 26
3. Tnh s rng a xch ln theo cng thc: ................................................................................... 26
4. Xc nh cc thng s iu kin s dng xch K: ....................................................................... 26
5. Tnh cng sut tnh ton Pt : ........................................................................................................ 26
6. Vn tc trung bnh v ca xch: .................................................................................................... 27
7. Tnh ton kim nghim bc xch pc .......................................................................................... 27
8. Chn khong cch trc s b: ..................................................................................................... 27
9. Kim tra xch:.............................................................................................................................. 27
10. Tnh lc tc dng ln trc theo cng thc (5.19): ..................................................................... 28
11. ng knh a xch:................................................................................................................. 28
12. Kim nghim bn tip xc v chn vt liu: ........................................................................ 29
13. Bng tng hp cc thng s ca b truyn xch. z1=25 ............................................................ 30
V. Thit k trc, chn ni trc, chn then & chn ln: .................................................................... 30
1. Thng s khp ni trc: .............................................................................................................. 30
2. Thit k trc: ............................................................................................................................... 31
3. Chn then. ................................................................................................................................... 40
4. Chn ln. .................................................................................................................................. 40

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VI. Chn thn hp, bulng & cc chi tit ph khc. ........................................................................... 43
1. Chn thn hp v bulng. ........................................................................................................... 43
2. Cc chi tit ph khc. .................................................................................................................. 46
VII. Chn du bi trn, dung sai lp ghp. ......................................................................................... 48
1. Chn du bi trn........................................................................................................................ 48
2. Dung sai lp ghp. ....................................................................................................................... 49
TI LIU THAM KHO. .................................................................................................................. 51

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I. Tm hiu truyn ng c kh trong my.


Thit k h thng dn ng thng trn m bo yu cu cng sut trn trc l 10kW, s
vng quay trn trc thng trn l 40 vng/pht, thi gian phc v l 6 nm, quay mt
chiu, lm vic mt ca, ti trng va p nh (mt nm lm vic 300 ngy, mt ca 8 gi).
Ch ti trng cho nh hnh sau:
Vi: T1 = T; T2 = 0,75T; t1 = 28s; t2 = 12s
tha mn yu cu trn ta s dng hp gim tc ng trc
lm gim vn tc t ng c vo trc thng trn. Hp gim tc
ny c c im l ng tm ca trc v v trc ra l trng
nhau. Do c th gim bt chiu di hp gim tc, gip cho
vic b tr c cu gn gng. Tuy nhin khi s dng hp gim
tc ng trc ta nn ch n mt s khuyt im ca n:
Kh nng ti ca cp nhanh
khng dng ht v ti trng tc
dng vo cp chm ln hn
cp nhanh trong khi khong
cch ca hai trc bng nhau.
Phi b tr cc ca cc trc
ng tm bn trong hp gim
tc, lm phc tp kt cu gi
v gy kh khn cho vic
bi trn cc ny.
Khong cch gia cc gi ca trc trung gian ln nn mun m bo trc
bn v cng phi tng ng knh trc

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II. Xc nh cng sut ng c v phn phi t s truyn.


1. Xc nh ti trng tng ng.
Ptd 10

12.28 0,752.12
9,32 kW (Theo CT 3.10 [1]).
28 12

2. Xc nh cng sut cn thit cho ng c.


2.1. Hiu sut chung ca h thng.
nt br2 ol4 x 0,98.0,97 2.0,994.0,92 0,814 (Theo bng 3.3 [1]).

Trong : nt :Hiu sut khp ni trc.


br :Hiu sut b truyn bnh rng.
ol : Hiu sut cp ln.
x : Hiu sut b truyn xch.

2.2. Cng sut cn thit cho ng c.


Pct

Ptd
9.32

11.45 kW.
0,814

2.3. Chn ng c:
Ta c Pct 11,5KW nn chn ng c khng ng b 3 pha YZR mang s hiu 180L-6 c
cc thng s nh sau:
Cng sut: 12KW.
Vn tc: 970 vg/ph.
3. Phn phi li t s truyn:
T s truyn thc: u

V 970

24.25
n
40

Chn t s truyn ca b truyn xch l: u x 2


T s truyn ca hp gim tc l: u h

24.25
12.125
2

Chn t s truyn cho b truyn cp nhanh (un) v b truyn cp chm (uc):


u n (1, 2 1, 4)u c , chn u c 3,15 v u n 3,85 .

(Gi tr thc t cho php sai lch 4% so vi gi tr chun).


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4. Xc nh cng sut trn cc trc.


Trc IV: P4 Ptd 9.32 (kW).
P

9.32

4
Trc III: P3 ol x 0,99.0,92 10, 23 (kW).

Trc II: P2
Trc I: P1

P3
10, 23

10, 65 (kW).
ol br 0,99.0,97

P2
10, 65

11, 09 (kW).
ol br 0,99.0,97

Trc ng c: Pdc

P1
11, 09

11, 43 (kW).
nt ol 0,98.0,99

5. Tnh s vng quay trn mi trc.


Trc I. n1 n dc 970 (vg/ph)
Trc II. n 2

n1 970

252 (vg/ph)
u n 3,85

Trc III. n 3

n 2 252

80 (vg/ph)
u c 3,15

6. Tnh mmen xon trn trc v ng c.


Mmen xon trn ng c. Tdc
Mmen xon trn trc I.

Pdc .9,55.106 11, 43.9,55.106

112532, 47 (N.mm)
n
970

P1.9,55.106 11,09.9,55.106
T1

109185,05 (N.mm)
n1
970

P2 .9,55.106 10,65.9,55.106
Mmen xon trn trc II. T2

403601, 2 (N.mm)
n2
252

Mmen xon trn trc III. T3

P3 .9,55.106 10, 23.9,55.106

1221206, 25 (N.mm)
n3
80

Mmen xon trn trc IV. T4

P4 .9,55.106 9,32.9,55.106

2225150 (N.mm)
n4
40

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Bng tng hp kt qu cc thng s cho hp gim tc:

Thng s

ng c

Trc I

Trc II

Trc III

Trc IV

Cng sut (kW)

11,43

11,09

10,65

10,23

9,32

T s truyn

3,85

3,15

S vng quay (vg/ph)

970

970

252

80

40

Mmen xon (N.mm)

112532, 47

109185,05

403601, 2

1221206, 25

2225150

III. Thit k b truyn bnh rng.


Chn vt liu:
Do khng c yu cu no c bit nn ta chn vt liu cho cc cp bnh rng l ging nhau.
Da vo bng 6.1[2] ta c bng sau:
Thng s

Bnh rng nh

Bnh rng ln

Tn thp

Thp 45 (Ti ci thin)

Thp 45 (Thng ha)

Gii hn bn ko

750 MPa

600 MPa

Gii hn bn chy

450 MPa

340 MPa

rn

250 HB

230 HB

V l hp gim tc ng trc do b truyn cp nhanh khng dng ht kh nng ti cho


nn ta tnh b truyn cp chm trc, b truyn cp nhanh c th ly gn nh ton b s
liu ca b truyn cp chm.
Do l b truyn kn c bi trn tt nn dng hng ch yu l trc r b mt rng v ta tin
hnh tnh ton thit k theo ng sut tip xc:

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1. Tnh ton cp chm: bnh rng tr rng nghing.


Thng s u vo:
Cng sut:

P1= 10,65 kW.

T s truyn:

u23 = 3,15.

S vng quay:

n = 252 vng/pht.

Tui th:

14400 gi.

Momen xon

T1 = 403601,2 N.mm.

S chu k lm vic c s:
NHO - s chu k lm vic c s ca ng mi tip xc:
Bnh nh:

N HO1 30.HB12,4 30.2502,4 17.106

chu k

Bnh ln:

N HO2 30.HB2 2,4 30.2302,4 13,9.106

chu k

NFO - s chu k lm vic c s ca ng mi un: N FO1 N FO 2 5.106 chu k


S chu k lm vic tng ng:
NHE s chu k lm vic tng ng ca ng mi tip xc:
3

N HE

T
60c i .ni ti
Tmax

(CT 6.36 [1] )

c s ln an khp trng hp ny c = 1.
Tmax M men xon ln nht trong cc m men Ti.
Ti M men xon ch lm vic th i.
ti - thi gian lm vic tnh bng gi.
ni s vng quay.
S chu k lm vic tng ng bnh nh:
3
T 3

Ti
0, 75T
10
N HE1 60c
.12
.373.14400 1, 06.10
.ni ti 60.1. .28

T
T
T

max

3

chu k.

S chu k lm vic tng ng bnh ln:

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N HE2

s 6; Phng n s 8

N HE1 1,06.1010

0,34.1010
u23
3,11

chu k.

Tng t ta c: NFE s chu k lm vic tng ng ca ng cong mi un.


6

N FE

T
60c i .ni ti
Tmax

(CT 6.49 [1])

Do :
6
T 6

T
0, 75T
10
N FE1 60c i .ni ti 60.1. .28
.12 .373.14400 0,97.10 chu k.
T
T

Tmax
6

NFE2

NFE1 0,97.1010

0,31.1010 chu k.
u23
3,11

V:

Nn

NHE1> NHO1

NFE1> NFO1

NHE2> NHO2

NFE2> NFO2

KHL1 = KHL2 = KFL1 = KFL2 = 1

Vi : KFL, KHL H s tui th


Theo bng 6.13 [1], gii hn mi tip xc v un cc bnh rng xc nh nh sau:
Gii hn mi tip xc tng ng s chu k c s: OH lim 2 HB 70
OH lim1 2.250 70 570 MPa

V OH lim 2 2.230 70 530 MPa


Gii hn mi un:

OF lim 1,8 HB

OF lim1 1,8.250 450 MPa

V OF lim 2 1,8.230 414 MPa


ng sut tip xc cho php:

H OH lim

0,9.K HL
sH

(CT 6.33 [2])

Theo bng 6.13[1] th sH = 1,1 (SH - H s an ton ). Do :

H 1 OH lim1

0,9.K HL1
0,9.1
570
466,3 MPa.
sH
1,1

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0,9.K HL 2
0,9.1
530
433, 6 MPa.
sH
1,1

H 2 OH lim 2

[ H ] 0, 45 H 1 H 2 405 MPa. Khng tha iu kin


[H ]min [H ] 1, 25[H ]min

Vy khi tnh ton iu kin tip xc ta ly: H H 2 433,6 MPa.


ng sut un cho php:
Rng lm vic mt mt (rng chu ng sut thay i mch ng) nn ng sut un c tnh
theo cng thc sau:

F OF lim

K FC K FL
sF

(CT 6.47 [1])

K FC : H s xt n nh hng khi quay hai chiu n bn mi. y quay mt

chiu nn K FC = 1. s F - H s an ton tra bng 6.13[1] ta c: s F = 1,75

F1 450

Do :

F 2 414

1
257.14 MPa
1, 75

1
236,5 MPa
1, 75

Chn ba 0,3 theo tiu chun. Khi :


bd

ba u23 1
2

0, 622

Theo bng 6.4[1] ta chn h s phn b khng u ca ti trng: K H 1, 03; K F 1, 05


Khong cch trc b truyn bnh rng xc nh theo cng thc:
aw 43 u23 1 3
43 3,15 1 3

T1.K H

ba H u23
2

(CT 6.90[1])

403601, 2.1, 03
236,9 mm
0,3.433, 62.3,15

Theo tiu chun, ta chn aw = 250 mm


Mun rng mn 0,01 0,02 aw 2,5 5mm
GVHD: Xun Ph

(CT 6.68[1]).
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Theo tiu chun ta chn mun mn = 3 mm


T iu kin 20o 8o ( - gc nghing rng). Suy ra:
2a w cos 8o
m n u 23 1

z1

2a w cos 20o
m n u 23 1

2.250.c os 8o
3 3,15 1

z1

2.250.c os 20o
3 3,15 1

39, 76 z1 37, 73

Ta chn z1 = 38 rng, suy ra s rng bnh b dn: z2 = 38.3,15 = 119.7.


Ta chn z2 = 120 rng.
T s truyn sau khi chn s rng: u

z2 120

3,157
z1 38

m z2 z1
3 120 38
o
arcCos
18,55
2aw

2.250

Gc nghing rng: arcCos

Cc thng s hnh hc ch yu ca b truyn bnh rng:


ng knh vng chia:
d1

z1m
zm
38.3
120.3

120, 24mm v d 2 2
379, 72mm
o
cos cos 18,55
Cos Cos 18,550

ng knh vng nh:


da1 d1 2m 120,83 2.3 126, 24mm v d a2 d 2 2m 379, 72 2.3 385, 72mm

ng knh vng y:
d f 1 d1 2,5mn 120, 24 2,5.3 112, 74mm
d f 2 d 2 2,5mn 379, 72 2,5.3 372, 22mm

Khong cch trc: aw

mz1 1 u 3.38 1 3,157

249,93mm
2 cos
2 cos 18,55o

Chiu rng vnh rng: bw 2 ba 2 aw 0,3.250 75mm


bw1 100 5 80mm

tg 20o
tg
tg tw

0,383
cos cos 18,550
Gc n khp:
tw Arctg tw 21o

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Vn tc vng bnh rng: v

s 6; Phng n s 8

d1n1
60.1000

3,14.120, 24.252
1.585 m/s.
60000

Theo bng 6.3[1] ta chn cp chnh xc 9 vi vgh = 6 m/s


H s ti trng ng theo bng 6.6[1], ta chn: KHV = 1,05; KFV = 1,10.
Tnh ton kim nghim gi tr ng sut tip xc:
H

Z M Z H Z
d w1

2T1 K H u 1
H
bwu

(CT 6.86[1]).

Trong :
2.cos 18,550
2cos
H s xt n hnh dng ca b mt tip xc: Z H

1, 425
s in 2 tw
sin 2.210

H s xt n tng chiu di tip xc: Z

1
0, 75
1, 76

H s xt n c tnh ca vt liu: ZM = 275 MPa1/2


H s ti trng tnh K H K H K HV K H . Tra bng 6.11[1] chn K H 1,10 . Khi :
K H K H K HV K H 1, 03.1, 05.1,10 1,19

Vy bn tip xc ca bnh rng l:


H

Z M Z H Z
d w1

2T1K H u 1 275.1, 425.0, 75 2.403601, 2.1,19 3.157 1

317, 25MPa
bw u
120, 24
75.3,157

ng sut tip xc cho php l:

H OH lim

K HL Z R ZV K l K xH
sH

(CT 6.39[1]).

Trong :
ZR h s xt n nh hng ca nhm b mt. Trong trng hp ny ZR = 0,95.
ZV h s xt n nh hng ca vn tc vng. V HB < 350 nn Zv = 0,85.v0,1 = 0,89.
Kl h s xt n nh hng iu kin bi trn, thng thng Kl = 1.
KxH h s xt n nh hng ca kch thc rng. y KxH = 1.
Vy ng sut un cho php l:

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Bnh dn: H1 OH lim1

s 6; Phng n s 8

K HL1ZR ZV K l K xH
1.0,95.0,89.1.1
466,3
358, 4MPa
sH
1,1

Bnh b dn: H 2 OH lim 2

K HL 2 Z R ZV Kl K xH
1.0,95.1.1.1
433, 6
333, 2MPa
sH
1,1

H 0, 45 H1 H2 311, 22MPa

khng tha iu kin [H ]min [H ] 1, 25[H ]min


Do : H H2 333, 2MPa
Vy iu kin bn tip xc c tha, v H 317, 25 H 333, 2
Kim nghim bn un:
S rng ca bnh rng tng ng: zv
zv1

cos
3

(CT 6.84[1]).

38
120
44,59 v zv 2
140
o
3
cos 18,55
cos 18,55o
3

H s dng rng YF: YF 3, 47


i vi bnh dn: YF 1 3, 47

13, 2 27,9 x

0, 092 x3
zv
zv

(CT 6.80[1]).

13, 2
3, 76
44,59

i vi bnh b dn: YF 2 3, 47

13, 2
3,56
140

bn un cho php: F OF lim

K FLYRYxY K FC
sF

(CT 6.52[1]).

Trong :
YR h s xt n nh hng ca nhm. Chn YR = 1,1.
Yx h s kch thc. Chn Yx = 1,05.
Y - h s nhy vt liu bng bnh rng n s tp trung ti trng. Chn Y = 1.

Do :

F1 OFlim1

K FL1YR Yx Y K FC
1.1,1.1, 05.1.1
450
297MPa
sF
1, 75

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F2 OFlim 2

s 6; Phng n s 8

K FL1YR Yx Y K FC
1.1,1.1, 05.1.1
414
273, 24MPa
sF
1, 75

c tnh so snh bn cc bnh rng ( bn un):


Bnh dn:

F1
YF 1

Bnh b dn:

297
78,98
3, 76

F 2 273, 24 76,79
YF 2

3,56

Ta kim tra bn un theo bnh b dn c bn thp hn:


ng sut un tnh ton:

YF Ft K F Y Y

bw mn

YF 2T1K F Y Y
d1bwmn

(CT 6.92[1])

Trong :
KF h s ti trng tnh. K F K F K F K Fv 1.1, 05.1,10 1,155 .
Y - h s xt n nh hng ca trng khp ngang. Y

1
0, 67
1,5

Y - h s xt n nh hng ca gc nghing rng n bn un. Y 1


120

0,81

Do ta c:
F

YF 2T1K F Y Y
d1bw mn

3,76.2.403601, 2.1,155.0,67.0,81
70,32MPa F 273, 24MPa
120, 24.75.3

Vy bn un c tha.
Bng tng hp thng s hnh hc ch yu ca bnh rng cp chm:

Thng s

Bnh rng nh

Bnh rng ln

(Bnh dn)

(Bnh b dn)

Modul
S rng
Gc n khp
GVHD: Xun Ph

m=3
z1 = 38

z2 = 120
210
Page 17

n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

18,550

Gc nghing rng
ng knh vng chia

d1 = 120,24 mm

Khong cch trc

d2 = 379,72 mm

aw = 250 mm

Chiu rng bnh rng

bw1 80mm

bw 2 75mm

ng knh vng nh

da1 = 126,24 mm

da2 = 385,72 mm

ng knh vng y

d f 1 112, 74mm

d f 2 372, 22mm

Tnh lc tc dng ln trc:


Ft 2 Ft1

Lc vng:

2T1 2.403601, 2

6713, 2 N
d w1
120, 24

(CT 6.16[1]).

F .tg nw 6713, 2.tg 21

2718,1 N
Lc hng tm: Fr 2 Fr1 t1
cos
cos 18,550

(CT 6.17[1]).

Lc dc trc: Fa2 Fa1 Ft1tg 6713, 2.tg18,550 2252,7 N

(CT 6.18[1]).

2. Tnh ton cp nhanh: Tnh ton bnh rng tr rng nghing.


Thng s u vo:
Cng sut:

P1= 11,09 kW

T s truyn:

u12 = 3,85

S vng quay:

n1 = 970 vng/pht

Tui th:

14400 gi

Momen xon:

T1 =109185,05 N.mm

S chu k lm vic c s:
NHO - s chu k lm vic c s ca ng mi tip xc:
Bnh nh:

N HO1 30.HB12,4 30.2502,4 17, 07.106

chu k

Bnh ln:

N HO2 30.HB2 2,4 30.2302,4 13,9.106

chu k

NFO - s chu k lm vic c s ca ng mi un:

N FO1 N FO 2 5.106 chu k

S chu k lm vic tng ng:


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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

NHE s chu k lm vic tng ng ca ng mi tip xc:


3

N HE

T
60c i .ni ti
Tmax

(CT 6.36 [1] )

c s ln an khp trng hp ny c = 1.
Tmax M men xon ln nht trong cc m men Ti.
Ti M men xon ch lm vic th i.
ti - thi gian lm vic tnh bng gi.
ni s vng quay.
S chu k lm vic tng ng bnh nh:
3
T 3

Ti
0, 75T
10
N HE1 60c
.ni ti 60.1. .28
.12 .1460.14400 4,17.10 chu k.
T
T
T

max
3

S chu k lm vic tng ng bnh ln:


N HE2

N HE1 4,17.1010

1,07.1010 chu k.
u12
3,91

Tng t ta c: NFE s chu k lm vic tng ng ca ng cong mi un.


6

N FE

T
60c i .ni ti
Tmax

(CT 6.49 [1])

Do :
6
T 6

T
0, 75T
10
N FE1 60c i .ni ti 60.1. .28
.12 .1460.14400 3,80.10 chu k.
T
T
T

max
6

NFE2

NFE1 3,80.1010

0,97.1010 chu k.
u12
3,91

V: NHE1> NHO1

NFE1> NFO1

NHE2> NHO2
Nn

NFE2> NFO2

KHL1 = KHL2 = KFL1 = KFL2 = 1

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

Vi : KFL, KHL H s tui th


Theo bng 6.13 [1], gii hn mi tip xc v un cc bnh rng xc nh nh sau:
OH lim - Gii hn mi tip xc tng ng s chu k c s: OH lim 2 HB 70
OH lim1 2.250 70 570 MPa

V OH lim 2 2.230 70 530 MPa


OF lim - gii hn mi un:

OF lim 1,8 HB

OF lim1 1,8.250 450 MPa

V OF lim 2 1,8.230 414 MPa


ng sut tip xc cho php:

H OH lim

0,9.K HL
sH

(CT 6.33 [1])

Theo bng 6.13[1] th sH = 1,1 (SH - H s an ton ). Do :

H 1 OH lim1

0,9.K HL1
0,9.1
570
466,3 MPa.
sH
1,1

H 2 OH lim 2

0,9.K HL 2
0,9.1
530
433, 6 MPa.
sH
1,1

0, 45 H 1 H 2 405 MPa.

Khng tha iu kin [H ]min [H ] 1, 25[H ]min


Vy khi tnh ton iu kin tip xc ta ly: H H 2 433,6 MPa.
ng sut un cho php:
Rng lm vic mt mt (rng chu ng sut thay i mch ng) nn ng sut un c tnh
theo cng thc sau:

F OF lim

K FC K FL
sF

(CT 6.47 [1])

K FC : H s xt n nh hng khi quay hai chiu n bn mi. y quay mt

chiu nn K FC = 1. s F - H s an ton tra bng 6.13[1] ta c: s F = 1,75


Do :

F1 450

GVHD: Xun Ph

1
257.14 MPa
1, 75
Page 20

n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

F 2 414

1
236,5 MPa
1, 75

Do hp gim tc ng trc nn khong cch trc cp nhanh ta chn bng khong cch trc
ba2
1, 6
ba1

cp chm aw=250 mm v

Chn ba 0,3 theo tiu chun. Khi :


bd

ba1 u12 1

0, 7275

Theo bng 6.7[2] ta chn h s phn b khng u ca ti trng: K H 1, 01; K F 1, 02


Mun rng mn 0,01 0,02 a w 2,5 5mm

(CT 6.68[1]).

Theo tiu chun ta chn mun mn = 3 mm


T iu kin 20o 8o ( - gc nghing rng). Suy ra:
2a w cos 8o
m n u12 1

z1

2a w cos 20o
m n u12 1

2.250.c os 8o
3 3,85 1

z1

2.250.c os 20o
3 3,85 1

34 z1 32, 29

Ta chn z1 = 33 rng, suy ra s rng bnh b dn: z2 = 33.3,85 = 127,05.


Ta chn z2 = 127 rng.
T s truyn sau khi chn s rng: u

z2 127

3,84
z1 33

m z2 z1
3. 127 33
o
arcCos
16, 26
2aw

2.250

Gc nghing rng: arcCos

Cc thng s hnh hc ch yu ca b truyn bnh rng:


ng knh vng chia:
d1

z1m
z2 m
33.3
127.3
v

103,12
mm
d

396,87mm
2
cos cos 16, 26o
Cos Cos 16, 260

ng knh vng nh:


da1 d1 2m 103,12 2.3 109,12mm v d a2 d 2 2m 396,87 2.3 402,87mm

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

ng knh vng y:
d f 1 d1 2,5mn 103,12 2,5.3 95, 62mm
d f 2 d 2 2,5mn 396,87 2,5.3 389,37mm

Chiu rng vnh rng: bw2 ba 2 aw 0, 2.250 50mm


bw1 50 5 55mm

tg 20o
tg
tg tw

0,379
cos cos 16, 260
Gc n khp:
tw Arctg tw 20, 76o

Vn tc vng bnh rng: v

d1n1
60.1000

3,14.109,12.970
5,54 m/s
60000

Theo bng 6.3[1] ta chn cp chnh xc 9 vi vgh = 6 m/s


H s ti trng ng theo bng 6.6[1], ta chn: KHV = 1,11; KFV = 1,22.
Tnh ton kim nghim gi tr ng sut tip xc:
H

Z M Z H Z
d w1

2T1 K H u 1
H
bwu

(CT 6.86[2]).

Trong :
2.cos 16, 260
2cos
H s xt n hnh dng ca b mt tip xc: Z H

1, 70
s in 2 tw
sin 2.20, 760

H s xt n tng chiu di tip xc: Z

1
0,82
1,5

H s xt n c tnh ca vt liu: ZM = 275 MPa1/2


H s ti trng tnh K H K H K HV K H . Tra bng 6.11[1] chn K H 1,16 . Khi :
K H K H K HV K H 1, 01.1,11.1,16 1,3

Vy bn tip xc ca bnh rng l:


H

Z M Z H Z
d w1

2T1 K H u 1 275.1, 70.0,82 2.109185, 05.1,3 3.85 1

256, 7 MPa
bwu
103,12
75.3,85

ng sut tip xc cho php l:

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

H OH lim

s 6; Phng n s 8

K HL Z R ZV K l K xH
sH

(CT 6.39[1]).

Trong :
ZR h s xt n nh hng ca nhm b mt. Trong trng hp ny ZR = 0,95.
ZV h s xt n nh hng ca vn tc vng. V HB < 350 nn Zv = 0,85.v0,1 = 1.
Kl h s xt n nh hng iu kin bi trn, thng thng Kl = 1.
KxH h s xt n nh hng ca kch thc rng. y KxH = 1.
Vy ng sut un cho php l:
Bnh dn: H 1 OH lim1

K HL1Z R ZV K l K xH
1.0,95.1.1.1
466,3
402, 7 MPa
sH
1,1

Bnh b dn: H 2 OH lim 2

K HL 2 Z R ZV Kl K xH
1.0,95.1.1.1
433, 6
374, 47 MPa
sH
1,1

H 0, 45 H 1 H 2 349,72MPa

Khng tha iu kin [H ]min [H ] 1, 25[H ]min


Do : H H 2 374, 47MPa
Vy iu kin bn tip xc c tha, v H H
S rng ca bnh rng tng ng: zv
zv1

cos
3

(CT 6.84[1]).

33
127
37, 23 v zv 2
143,54
o
3
cos 16, 26
cos 16, 26o
3

H s dng rng YF: YF 3, 47


i vi bnh dn: YF 1 3, 47

13, 2 27,9 x

0, 092 x3
zv
zv

(CT 6.80[1]).

13, 2
3,82
37, 23

i vi bnh b dn: YF 2 3, 47

13, 2
3,56
143,54

bn un cho php: F OF lim

K FLYRYxY K FC
sF

(CT 6.52[1]).

Trong :
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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

YR h s xt n nh hng ca nhm. Chn YR = 1,1.


Yx h s kch thc. Chn Yx = 1,05.
Y - h s nhy vt liu bng bnh rng n s tp trung ti trng. Chn Y = 1.

Do :

F1 OF lim1

K FL1YRYxY K FC
1.1,1.1, 05.1.1
450
297 MPa
sF
1, 75

F 2 OF lim 2

K FL1YRYxY K FC
1.1,1.1, 05.1.1
414
273, 24MPa
sF
1, 75

c tnh so snh bn cc bnh rng ( bn un):


Bnh dn:

F1
YF 1

Bnh b dn:

297
77, 7
3,82

F 2 273, 24 76,75
YF 2

3,56

Ta kim tra bn un theo bnh b dn c bn thp hn:


ng sut un tnh ton:

YF Ft K F Y Y

bw mn

YF 2T1K F Y Y
d1bwmn

(CT 6.92[1])

Trong :
KF h s ti trng tnh. K F K F K F K Fv 1.1, 02.1, 22 1,1.24 .
Y - h s xt n nh hng ca trng khp ngang. Y

1
0, 67
1,5

Y - h s xt n nh hng ca gc nghing rng n bn un. Y 1


120

0,83

Do ta c:
F

YF 2T1K F Y Y
d1bwmn

3,56.2.109185,05.1, 24.0,67.0,83
23,1MPa F 237, 24MPa
103,12.75.3

Vy bn un c tha.

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

Bng tng hp thng s hnh hc ch yu ca bnh rng cp nhanh:

Thng s

Bnh rng nh

Bnh rng ln

(Bnh dn)

(Bnh b dn)

Modul

m=3

S rng

z1 = 33

z2 = 127

Gc n khp

20, 760

Gc nghing rng

16, 260

ng knh vng chia

d1 = 103,12 mm

Khong cch trc

d2 =396,87 mm

aw = 250 mm

Chiu rng bnh rng

bw1 55mm

bw 2 50mm

ng knh vng nh

da1 =109,12 mm

da2 = 402,87 mm

ng knh vng y

d f 1 95, 62mm

d f 2 389,37 mm

Tnh lc tc dng ln trc:


Ft 2 Ft1

Lc vng:

Lc hng tm: Fr 2 Fr1

2T1 2.109185, 05

2117, 6 N
d w1
103,12

0
Ft1.tg nw 2117, 6.tg 20, 76

836,15 N
cos
cos 16, 260

Lc dc trc: Fa2 Fa1 Ft1tg 2117,6.tg16, 260 617,6 N .

(CT 6.16[1]).

(CT 6.17[1]).
(CT 6.18[1]).

IV. Thit k b truyn xch.


Thng s u vo:
Cng sut trn trc dn: P3 =10,23 kW
S vng quay trn trc dn: n3 =80 vg/ph
T s truyn ux = 2
1. Chn loi xch:
Chn b truyn xch ng con ln.

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

2. Chn s rng s b ca a xch dn theo cng thc:


z1 29 2u x 29 2.2 25 rng

3. Tnh s rng a xch ln theo cng thc:


z 2 u x z1 2.25 50 rng

4. Xc nh cc thng s iu kin s dng xch K:


K K r K a K o K dc K b K lv 1, 2.1.1.1.1,5.1 1,8 (CT 5.22 [1]).

Trong :
K r h s ti trng ng: truyn ng ng c in, ti trng va p nh chn Kr =1,2
K a h s xt n nh hng khong cch trc hay chiu di xch, ta chn a (30 50) pc th
Ka 1
K o h s xt n nh hng ca cch b tr trc truyn, khi ng ni hai tm a xch hp

vi ng nm ngang mt gc nh hn 600 th K0 = 1.
K dc h s xt n nh hng ca kh nng iu chnh lc cng xch, trc iu chnh c

th Kdc =1
K b h s xt n iu kin bi trn, bi trn nh git th Kb=1
K lv h s xt n ch lm vic, lm vic 1 ca Klv=1

H s xt n nh hng s rng xch K z


H s s vng quay K n

25 25

1
z1 25

n 01 200

2.5
n3
80

Chn xch 1 dy, cho nn Kx =1


5. Tnh cng sut tnh ton Pt :
Pt

KK z K n P3 1, 2.1.2,5.10, 23

30, 69 kW
Kx
1

Theo bng 5.2[1] ct n01 = 200 vg/ph ta chn bc xch pc =38,1 mm


Theo bng 5.2[1] s vng quay ti hn tng ng bc xch 38,1 mm l nth=500 vg/ph, nn
iu kin n< nth c tha.

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

6. Vn tc trung bnh v ca xch:


v

n zp
dn
80.25.38,1
3 c
1, 75 m/s
60000 60000
60000

Lc vng c ch:
Ft

1000P3 1000.10, 23

5845, 7 N
v
1, 75

7. Tnh ton kim nghim bc xch pc


pc 600 3

P3K
10, 23.1,8
600 3
32,88 mm
z1n 3[p0 ]K x
25.80.29.1

Do pc =38,1 mm nn iu kin trn c tha mn


8. Chn khong cch trc s b:
a (30 50)pc 40.38,1 1524 mm

Xc nh s mt xch X
L 2a z1 z 2 z 2 z1 pc 2.1524 25 50 50 25 38,1

117, 7

pc pc
2
38,1
2
2 1524
2 a
2

Chn X=118.
Chiu di xch L pc X 38,1.118 4495,8 mm.
Tnh chnh xc khong cch trc a.
2
2

z1 z 2
z1 z 2

z1 z 2

a 0, 25pc X
X
8

2
2

2
2

25 50
25 50
25 50

a 0, 25.38,1 118
118
8
1462,8 mm
2
2

Gim khong cch trc mt khong 0,002 0,004 a


Ta chn a = 1460 mm
9. Kim tra xch:
S ln va p ca xch trong 1 s cng thc (5.27[1]):

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

z1n 3 25.80

1,12 [i] 14
15X 15.118

Tra bng (5.6[1]) vi bc xch pc=38,1 ta chn [i] =14


Kim tra xch theo h s an ton:
s

Q
127000

20, 06 [s] 9,8


F1 Fv Fo 5845, 7 15,31 469, 4

(CT 5.28[2])

Ti trng ph hy Q = 127 kN (Tra bng 5.2 [1])


Lc trn nhnh cng: F1 Ft 5845, 7 N
Lc cng do lc ly tm gy nn, xc nh theo cng thc 5.16[1]:
Fv q m v 2 5,5.1, 752 15,31 N

Trong : qm 5, 5 kg/m, khi lng mt mt xch (Tra bng 5.2 [1]).


Lc cng ban u ca xch (theo cng thc 5.17[1]):
Fo K f aq m g 6.1, 45.5,5.9,81 469, 4 N

Trong : K f 6 xch nm ngang


a chiu di khong xch t do, gn bng khong cch trc, g gia tc trng trng, m/s2
10. Tnh lc tc dng ln trc theo cng thc (5.19):
Fr K m Ft 1,15.5845, 7 6722,5 N (CT 5.19 [1]).

Trong Km h s trng lng xch Km=1,15 xch nm ngang.


11. ng knh a xch:
d1

pc
38,1

303,9 mm


sin sin
25
z1

d2

pc
38,1

606, 7 mm


sin sin
50
z2


d a1 pc 0,5 cot g 38,1 0,5 cot g 320, 6 mm

25

z1


d a2 pc 0,5 cot g 38,1 0,5 cot g 624, 6 mm

50

z2

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

12. Kim nghim bn tip xc v chn vt liu:


Kim nghim bn tip xc ( theo cng thc 5.18 [2]):
H1 0, 47

k r1 Ft K d Fvd E
Ak d

0, 47

0, 44 5845, 7.1, 2 8, 62 2,1.105


395.1

602, 4 MPa

Trong kr1 =0,44 vi z1 = 25 rng


Lc vng Ft=5845,7 N
H s ti trng ng Kd=1,2
Fvd lc va p trn m dy xch, Fvd 13.107 n3p3c m 13.107.120. 38,1 .1 8,62 N
3

E modun n hi E

2E1E 2
Do vt liu u bng thp E E1 E 2 2,1.105 MPa
E1 E 2

A din tch chiu ca bn l mm2, A=395 (Tra bng 5.12 [2])


kd h s phn b ti trng khng u cho cc dy, kd=1 do c 1 dy xch

H2 0, 47

k r 2 Ft K d Fvd E
A.k d

0, 47

0, 2 5845, 7.1, 2 8, 62 2,1.105


395.1

406,1 MPa

Trong kr2 =0,2 vi z2 = 50 rng


Chn vt liu cho hai bnh rng
Vi a ch ng:
Z1=25<40, b truyn khng va p mnh
Chn vt liu l thp C45, ti v ram, rn b mt HRC 45 50
H 800 MPa H1 624, 09 MPa

Vi a b ng:
Z2=50>30 , v = 1,75<5(m/s)
Chn vt liu l thp C45, ti ci thin, rn b mt HB 170 210
H 500 MPa H 2 420, 71 MPa

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

13. Bng tng hp cc thng s ca b truyn xch. z1=25


z1=25

S rng

z2=50

Bc xch

pc=38,1 mm
d1=303,9 mm

ng knh vng chia

d2=606,7 mm
da1=320,6 mm

ng knh vng nh

da2=624,6 mm

Khong cch trc

a=1460 mm

S mt xch

118
z1 thp C45, ti v ram, HRC 45 50 , H 800 MPa

Vt liu

z2 thp C45, ti ci thin, HB 170 210 , H 500 MPa

V. Thit k trc, chn ni trc, chn then & chn ln:


1. Thng s khp ni trc:
-Do khp ni truyn cng sut tng i ln nn chn khp ni trc vng n hi.
-Ti trc I c momen xon
TI 109185, 05(N.mm) 109,185(N.m)

-Tra bng 16.10a [2] ta c cc kch thc c


bn ca ni trc vng n hi.
d=25 (mm)

D=125 (mm)

dm=50 (mm) L=145 (mm) l=60 (mm)


d1=45 (mm) D0=90 (mm) Z=4 (mm)
nmax=4600

B=5

B1=42

l1=30

D3=28

l2=32

-Tra bng 16.10b[1] ta c cc kch thc c bn ca vng n hi.


d0=10 (mm) d1=M8
GVHD: Xun Ph

D2=15 (mm)
Page 30

n mn hc Chi Tit My

l=42 (mm)

s 6; Phng n s 8

l1=20 (mm) l2=10 (mm)

l3=15 (mm) h=1,5


2. Thit k trc:
2.1. Chn vt liu:
Chn vt liu ch to l thp C45, ti c b 800 MPa, [] 70 MPa, [] 15...30 MPa.
2.2. Xc nh s b ng knh trc:
dk

Tk
(mm)
0, 2[]

ng knh s b trc I:
T1=109185,05N.mm [] 15 MPa.
d1 3

T1
109185, 05
3
33,13 mm
0, 2[]
0, 2.15

Chn s b d1=35 mm, tra bng 10.2[2] ta chn b rng ln b01=21 mm.
ng knh s b trc II:
T2=403601,2 N.mm [] 25 MPa.
d2 3

T2
403601, 2
3
43, 2 mm
0, 2[]
0, 2.25

Chn s b d2=45 mm, tra bng 10.2[2] ta chn b rng ln b02=25 mm.
-ng knh s b trc III:
T3=1221206,25 N.mm
d3 3

[] 30 MPa.

T3
1221206, 25
3
58,8 mm
0, 2[]
0, 2.30

Chn s b d2=60 mm, tra bng 10.2[2] ta chn b rng ln b03=31 mm.
2.3. Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi v im t lc:

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

Chn k1=10 (mm), k2=10 (mm), k3=10 (mm), hn=20 (mm).


Vi hp gim tc 2 cp ng trc ta chn cc k hiu nh sau :
-k: s th t trc trong hp gim tc.
-i: s th t ca tit din trc trn lp cc chi tit c tham gia truyn ti trng;
-lki: khong cch t gi 0 n tit din th i trn trc th k.
-lmki: chiu di may ca chi tit quay th i trn trc k
-bki: chiu rng vnh bnh rng th i trn trc th k.
-lcki: khong cngxn (khong cha) trn trc th k, tnh t chi tit th i ngoi hp gim
tc n gi .
lcki 0,5 lmki b0 k3 h n

Chiu di may na khp ni, v chn ni trc n hi nn: lm12=60 mm


Chiu di may ca a xch: lm33=70 mm
Chiu di may bnh rng tr: lm13=60 mm; lm22=60 mm; lm23=85 mm; lm32=85 mm
Ta c:
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Trc I: l12=lc12=0,5(lm12+b01)+k3+hn=0,5(60+21)+10+20=70,5 mm
l13=0,5(lm13+ b01)+k1+k2=0,5(60+21)+10+10=60,5 mm
l11=2.l13=2.60,5 =121 mm
Trc II: l22=lc12=0,5(lm22+b02)+k1+ k2 =0,5(60+25)+10+20=72,5 mm
l23=l11+l32+k1+0,5(b01+ b03)=121+78+10+0,5(21+31)=235 mm
l21= l23+l32=235+78=313 mm
Trc III: l32=0,5(lm32+b03)+k1+k2=0,5(85+31)+10+10=78 mm
l31=2l32=2.78=156 mm
l33=l31+lc33=l31+0,5(lm33+b03)+k3+hn=156+0,5(70+31)+10+20=236,5 mm
2.4. Xc nh tr s v chiu ca cc lc t chi tit quay tc dng ln trc:
Gi tr cc lc tc dng ln trc I:
Lc tc dng ca khp ni:
Fk

0, 2 0,3 2T1 0, 2 0,3 2.109185,05 615,12 N.


D0

71

Ft1=2117,6 N ;Fr1=836,15 N ; Fa1=617,6 N


R By

Fr1l 13 Fa1
2l 13

d w1
103,12
836,15.60,5 617, 6
2
2 154,9 N.
2.60,5

R Ay Fr1 R By 836,15 154,9 681, 25 N.


R Bx

Ft1l13 Fk l12 2117, 6.60,5 615,12.70,5

1417, 2 N.
2l13
2.60,5

R Ax Ft1 Fk R Bx 2117, 6 615,12 1417, 2 85, 28 N.

R Bz Fa1 617, 6 N.

Fa1.d w1 617, 6.103,12

31843, 4(N.mm) .
2
2

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Xc nh mmen tng ng v tnh li ng knh trc ti cc im A, B, C, D:


-Ti A:
Mtd MX2 MY2 0,75T 2 0 0 0,75.109185,052 94557 N.mm.
dA

M td
94557
3
23,8 mm
0,1[]
0,1.70

-Ti B:
Mtd MX2 MY2 0,75T 2 43365,92 0 0,75.109185,052 104027 N.mm.
dB 3

M td
104027
3
24,5 mm
0,1[]
0,1.70

-Ti C:
M M2X M2Y 0,75T 2 85740,62 41215,6252 0,75.109185,052 134131,3 N.mm.

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dC 3

s 6; Phng n s 8

M
134131,3
3
26, 7 mm.
0,1[]
0,1.70

-Ti D: Mtd = 0
Ta chn cc thng s trc I:
dA=25 mm, dB=30 mm, dC=35 mm, dD=30 mm.
Gi tr cc lc tc dng ln trc II:
Ft1=2117,6 N ;Fr1=836,15 N ; Fa1=617,6 N
Ft2=6713,2 N ;Fr2=2718,1 N ; Fa2=2252,7 N
M1

Fa1.d w1 617, 6.396,87

122553, 4N.mm
2
2

M2

Fa 2 .d w 2 2252, 7.120, 24

135432,3N.mm
2
2

R Ax

Ft 2CD Ft1BD 6713, 2.78 2117, 6.240,5

45,8 N
AD
313

R Dx

Ft 2 AC Ft1AB 6713, 2.235 2117, 6.72,5

4549, 7 N
AD
313

R Dy

Fr 2 AC Fr1AB M1 M 2 2718,1.235 836,15.72,5 122553, 4 135432,3

2193, 2N
AD
313

R Ay Fr1 Fr 2 R Dy 836,15 2718,1 2193, 2 1361 N

Xc nh mmen tng ng v tnh li ng knh trc ti cc im A, B, C, D:


-Ti A: M td 0
-Ti B:
M td MX2 MY2 0,75T 2 3320,52 221225,92 0,75.403601, 22 413669,3 N.mm.
dB 3

M td
413669,3
3
38,9 mm
0,1[]
0,1.70

-Ti C:
Mtd MX2 MY2 0,75T 2 3548732 3065142 0,75.403601, 22 584855, 6 N.mm.
dC 3

M td
584855, 6
3
43, 7 mm
0,1[]
0,1.70

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-Ti D: M td 0
Ta chn cc thng s trc II:
dA=40 mm, dB=45 mm, dC=45 mm, dD=40 mm
Gi tr cc lc tc dng ln trc III:
Ft2=6713,2 N ;Fr2=2718,1 N ; Fa2=2252,7 N
Fr K m Ft 1,15.5845, 7 6722,5 N

Fa 2 .d w 2 2252, 7.379, 72

427697, 6
2
2

R Cx

Ft 2 .AB Fr .AD 6713, 2.78 6722,5.236,5

13548 N
AC
156

R Ax R Cx Ft 2 Fr 13548 6713, 2 6722,5 112,3N

R Cy

M Fr 2 AB 427697, 6 2718,1.78

4100, 7N
AC
156

R Ay R Cy Fr 2 4100, 7 2718,1 1382, 6 N

Xc nh mmen tng ng v tnh li ng knh


trc ti cc im A, B, C, D:
-Ti A:
Mtd MX2 MY2 0,75T 2 0 0 0,75.1221206, 252 1057595,6 N.mm.
dA

M td
1057595, 6
3
53, 2 mm.
0,1[]
0,1.70

-Ti B:
M td MX2 MY2 0,75T 2 8759, 42 319854,82 0,75.1221206, 252 1104940 N.mm.
dB 3

M td
1104940
3
54 mm
0,1[]
0,1.70

-Ti C:
Mtd MX2 MY2 0,75T 2 541148, 42 541148, 4 N.mm.
dC 3

M td
541148, 4
3
42, 6 mm
0,1[]
0,1.70

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-Ti D: M td 0
Ta chn cc thng s trc III: dA=55 mm, dB=60 mm, dC=55 mm, dD=50 mm
2.5. Kim nghim trc:
H s an ton c tnh theo cng thc sau:

s .s
s s
2

Kim tra trc I


Mmen un ti C:
M M2X M2Y 85740,62 41215,6252 95132, 4

Mmen xon ti C:
T= 109185,05 Nmm
Gii hn mi un: 1 0, 45b 0, 45.800 360 (N / mm 2 )
Gii hn mi xon: 1 0, 25 b 0, 25.800 200 (N / mm 2 )
Trc c 1 then ,vi ng knh 35mm, chn then c b rng b=10 mm, chiu cao h=8 mm,
chiu su rnh then trn trc t =5 mm, chiu su rnh then trn may t2=3,5 mm.
d 3 bt(d t) 2 .353 10.5(35 5) 2

3566,38mm3
Khi W
32
2d
32
2.35
W0

d 3 bt(d t) 2 .353 10.5(35 5) 2

7775, 6mm3
16
2d
32
2.35

ng sut php v tip sinh ra:


a

M u 95132, 4

26, 6(N / mm 2 )
w
3566, 6

Mx
w0

a m

M x 109185, 05

7 (N / mm 2 )
2w 0
2.7775, 6

Theo bng 10.8[1] ly: K 2, 05; K 1,9


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Theo bng 10.3[1] ly: 0,86; 0, 79


Chn h s v theo vt liu, i vi thp C trung bnh 0,1 v 0,05
s

K a
m

360
5, 67
2, 05.26, 6
0,1.0
0,86

1
200

11, 78
K a
1,9.7
0, 05.7
m
0,8

5,67 .11,78
5,672 11,782

5,1 s

H s an ton cho php [n] thng ly bng 1,5 iu kin lm vic thng thng.
Vy trc I tha iu kin.
Kim tra trc II:
Mmen un ti C:
M M2X M2Y 3548732 3065142 468919,6

Mmen xon ti C:
T= 403601,2 Nmm
Gii hn mi un: 1 0, 45b 0, 45.800 360 (N / mm 2 )
Gii hn mi xon: 1 0, 25 b 0, 25.800 200 (N / mm 2 )
Trc c 2 then ,vi ng knh 45mm, chn then c b rng b=14 mm, chiu cao h=9 mm,
chiu su rnh then trn trc t =5,5 mm, chiu su rnh then trn may t2=3,8 mm.
Khi W
W0

d 3 bt(d t) 2 .453 10.5,5(45 5,5) 2

7611,3mm3
32
2d
32
2.45

d 3 bt(d t) 2 .453 14.5,5(45 5,5) 2

16557,5mm3
16
2d
16
2.45

ng sut php v tip sinh ra:


a

M u 468919, 6

61, 6 (N / mm 2 )
w
7611,3

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Mx
w0

a m

Mx
403601, 2

12,18 (N / mm 2 )
2.w 0 2.16557,5

Theo bng 10.8[1] ly: K 2, 05; K 1,9


Theo bng 10.3[1] ly: 0,84; 0, 78
Chn h s v theo vt liu, i vi thp C trung bnh 0,1 v 0,05
s

K a
m

K a
m

360
2.39
2, 05.61, 6
0,1.0
0,84
200

1,9.12,18
0, 05.12,18
0, 78

2,39 . 6,6
2,392 6,62

6, 6

2, 2 s

H s an ton cho php [n] thng ly bng 1,5 iu kin lm vic thng thng.
Vy trc II tha iu kin.
Kim tra trc III:
Mmen un ti C:
M M2X M2Y 8759, 42 319854,82 319974,71

Mmen xon ti C:
T= 1221206,25 Nmm
Gii hn mi un: 1 0, 45b 0, 45.800 360 (N / mm 2 )
Gii hn mi xon: 1 0, 25 b 0, 25.800 200 (N / mm 2 )
Trc c 3 then, vi ng knh 60 mm, chn then c b rng b=18 mm, chiu cao h=11
mm, chiu su rnh then trn trc t =7 mm, chiu su rnh then trn may t2=4,4 mm.
Khi W

d3 bt(d t) 2 .603 18.7(60 7) 2

18256,3mm3
32
2d
32
2.60

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W0

s 6; Phng n s 8

d 3 bt(d t) 2 .603 18.7(60 7) 2

39462mm3
16
2d
16
2.60

ng sut php v tip sinh ra:


a

M u 319974, 71

17,52 (N / mm 2 )
w
18256,3

Mx
w0

a m

M x 1221206, 25

15, 47 (N / mm 2 )
2w 0
2.39462

Theo bng 10.8[1] ly: K 2, 05; K 1,9


Theo bng 10.3[1] ly: 0,81; 0, 76
Chn h s v theo vt liu, i vi thp C trung bnh 0,1 v 0,05
s

K a
m

K a
m

360
8,11
2, 05.17,52
0,1.0
0,81
200

1,9.15, 47
0, 05.15, 47
0, 71

8,11. 4,74
8,112 4,742

4, 74

4 s

H s an ton cho php [n] thng ly bng 1,5 iu kin lm vic thng thng.
Vy trc III tha iu kin.
3. Chn then.
Trc c 1 then ,vi ng knh 35mm, chn then c b rng b=10 mm, chiu cao h=8 mm,
chiu su rnh then trn trc t =5 mm, chiu su rnh then trn may t2=3,5 mm.
Trc c 2 then, vi ng knh 45mm, chn then c b rng b=14 mm, chiu cao h=9 mm,
chiu su rnh then trn trc t =5,5mm, chiu su rnh then trn may t2=3,8mm.
Trc c 3 then, vi ng knh 60mm, chn then c b rng b =18mm, chiu cao h=11mm,
chiu su rnh then trn trc t = 7 mm, chiu su rnh then trn may t2 = 4,4 mm.
4. Chn ln.
Trn trc I
Tng hp lc tc dng ln cc gi :
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2
2
RB RBX
RBY
85, 282 681, 252 686,56( N )
2
2
RD RDX
RDY
1417, 22 154,92 1425, 6( N )

ng knh cn chn ln d=30mm


Ta c RD >RB nn ta tnh gi ti D
Ti trng tng ng Q ( KV .R M .Dt ) K n Kt
Trong :

Kt = 1 ti trng tnh

Kn = 1 nhit lm vic di 100 0C


Kv = 1 khi vng trong ca quay
V lc dc trc Bt = 0 nn Q = RD = 1425,6 (N) = 1,4256 (kN)
Vi s vng quay ca trc n = 252 (vg/ph); h = 14400 (gi)
C = Q. 3 L 1, 4256 3

60.n.Lh
60.970.14400
1, 4256 3
13, 44 (kN)
6
10
106

Tra bng P2.7 chn ln c trung, k hiu 306 vi Cbng = 22 kN; d = 30mm; B = 19mm
ng knh ngoi D = 72 mm ch vt r = 2 mm
Trn trc II
Tng hp lc tc dng ln cc gi :
2
2
RA RAX
RAY
45,82 13612 1361, 7( N )
2
2
RD RDX
RDY
4549, 7 2 2193, 22 5050, 7( N )

ng knh cn chn ln d=40mm


Ta c RD >RA nn ta tnh gi ti D
Ti trng tng ng Q ( KV .R M .Dt ) K n Kt

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Trong :

s 6; Phng n s 8

Kt = 1 ti trng tnh

Kn = 1 nhit lm vic di 100 0C


Kv = 1 khi vng trong ca quay
V lc dc trc Dt = 0 nn Q = RD = 5050,7 (N) = 5,0507 (kN)
Vi s vng quay ca trc n = 252 (vg/ph); h = 14400 (gi)
C = Q. 3 L 5, 0507 3

60.n.Lh
60.252.14400
5, 0507 3
30,38 (kN)
6
10
106

Tra bng P2.7 chn ln c trung, k hiu 308 vi Cbng = 31,9 kN; d = 40mm; B =
23mm ng knh ngoi D = 90 mm ch vt r = 2,5 mm
Trn trc III
Tng hp lc tc dng ln cc gi :
2
2
RA RAX
RAY
112,32 1382, 62 1387,1( N )
2
2
RC RCX
RCY
135482 4100, 72 14155( N )

ng knh cn chn ln d=55mm


Ta c RC >RA nn ta tnh gi ti C
Ti trng tng ng Q ( KV .R M .Ct ) K n Kt
Trong :

Kt = 1 ti trng tnh

Kn = 1 nhit lm vic di 100 0C


Kv = 1 khi vng trong ca quay
V lc dc trc Ct = 0 nn Q = RC = 14155(N) = 14,155 (kN)
Vi s vng quay ca trc n = 80 (vg/ph); h = 14400 (gi)

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C = Q. 3 L 14,155 3

s 6; Phng n s 8

60.n.Lh
60.80.14400
14,155 3
58, 09 (kN)
6
10
106

Tra bng P2.7 chn ln c nng, k hiu 411 vi Cbng = 78,7 kN; d = 55mm; B =
33mm ng knh ngoi D = 140 mm ch vt r = 3,5 mm
Chn kiu lp ln:
ln lm vic tt, m bo khng trt khi trc lm vic, ta chn lp vo trc theo
h l, vo v hp theo h trc.
Bi trn ln:
B phn c bi trn bng m, v vn tc bnh rng thp, khng th dng phng
php bn to ht du vo trong hp vo bi trn b phn . C th dng m loi T ng
vi nhit lm vic t 60 1000C v vn tc di 1500 vng/pht.
Lng m cha 2/3 ch rng ca b phn . m khng chy ra ngoi v ngn khng
cho du ri vo b phn , nn lm vng chn du.
Vng chn du: khng cho du trong hp gim tc bn vo bi v c tc dng ngn cch
v c nh cc bi vi bnh rng.
VI. Chn thn hp, bulng & cc chi tit ph khc.
1. Chn thn hp v bulng.
Tn gi

Biu thc tnh ton

Chiu dy
- Thn hp

=0,03aw +3=10,5

-Np hp 1

1=0,9 = 9,45 chn 9,5mm

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Gn tng cng
-Chiu dy e

e=(0,81) = 8,4 10,5mm chn e = 10

-Chiu cao h

h<58 chn 40 mm

- dc

Khong 20

- ng knh
- bu lng nn d1

d1>0,04 aw+10=20 mm >12

- bu lng cnh d2

d2=(0,70,8 )d1=14 16 mm, chn d2 = 16mm

- bu lng np bch v thn d3

d3=(0,80,9)d2=12,8 14,4 mm , chn d3 = 14mm

- Bu lng np ghp d4

d4=(0,4 0,5)d1=8 10 mm, chn d4 = 8 mm

- Bu lng ghp np ca thm d5

d5=(0,5 0,6)d 2=7 8,4 mm, chn d5 = 8 mm

Mt bch ghp np v thn


-chiu dy bch thn hp s3

s3=(1,41,8)d3=16,8 21,6 mm chn s3 = 20 mm

-chiu dy bch np hp s4

s4=(0,91)S3=18 20 mm chn s4 = 18mm

-b rng np bch v thn k3

K3=K2-(35)mm=40mm

Tra bng 18-4b


Cht nh v hnh cn
L = 40 mm , d = 8 mm ,

1:50 d1 = 9,6 mm

Kch thc gi trc ng knh ngoi


v tm l vt tra bng 18.2[2]

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s 6; Phng n s 8

trc 1

D=72mm;D3=115 mm;D2=90 mm

trc 2

D=90mm;D3=135 mm;D2=110 mm

trc 3

D=140mm;D3=190 mm;D2=160 mm

Mt hp
Chiu dy khi khng c phn li S1
Khi c phn li : Dd, S1, S2
B rng mt hp K1 v q
Khong cch t tm bu lng cnh
n mp l

S1 = (1,3 1,5)d1 = 26 30 mm, chn S1 = 26 mm


Dd c xc nh theo ng knh dao khot
S1 = (1,4 1,7)d1 = 28 34 mm chn S1 = 30 mm
S2 = (1 1.1 )d1 = 20 22 mm chn S2 = 20 mm
K1 = 3d1 = 60 mm ;

q K1 + 2. = 85

K 1,2d2 = 16,8 mm , chn K = 18


K2=E2+R2+(35)mm=44 mm
B rng mt ghp bu lng cnh K2
E2=1,6 d2= 22,4 mm chn 22mm
Tm l bu lng cnh E2
R2=1.3d2=18,2 mm chn R2 = 18 mm
Khe h gia cc chi tit

=(11,2)=12mm

Bnh rng vi thnh trong hp

1=(35)=32 mm
Z=

S lng bu lng nn

( B L)
416 682

6
(200 300) (200 300)

L ,B:l chiu di v chiu rng ca hp

Gi trong lng hp c tit ch T b dy 1=(0,60,8) = 6,38,4 chn 8 mm

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Bulng vng (bng 18-3a, [1]): dng di nng hp gim tc khi lp rp cng nh khi di
chuyn hp t ni ny sang ni khc. Chn bulng M10.
2. Cc chi tit ph khc.
2.1. Vng pht: khng cho du hoc m chy ra ngoi hp gim tc v ngn khng cho
bi t bn ngoi vo hp gim tc.
2.2. Vng chn du: khng cho du trong hp gim tc bn vo bi v c tc dng ngn
cch v c nh cc bi vi bnh rng. Chn theo tiu chun.

2.3. ng lt: Chn theo tiu chun, ph thuc vo ng knh trc.


2.4. Vt tch np v thn: dng tch np v thn.
2.5. Cht nh v: dng nh v chnh xc v tr ca np hp v thn hp gim tc to
thun li cho vic c nh khi lp t chi tit.
2.6. Nt thng hi: lm gim p sut, iu ha khng kh bn trong v bn ngoi hp
gim tc, v cng c th dng thay du lm vic khi du c b bn.

Cc thng s trong bng 18-6 trang 93 [2]:


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M48x3 35

s 6; Phng n s 8

45

25

79

62

52 10 5

15 13

32 10 56 36 62 55

2.7. Nt tho du: Sau mt thi gian lm vic du bi trn cha trong hp b bn do bi
bm, ht mi , cn phi thay lp du mi. tho du c, y hp c l tho du, lc
ang lm vic th c bt kn bi nt tho du.

Cc kch thc tra bng v cho ta nh sau: Chn M30x2. Cc thng s trong bng 18.7
trang 93[2]
d

D0

M30x2

18

14

36

27

45

32

36,9

2.8. Np ca thm: dng quan st bn trong hp gim tc.

kim tra, quan st cc chi tit my trong hp khi lp ghp v du vo hp, trn
nh hp c lm ca thm. Ca thm c y bng np. Trn np c th lp thm nt
thng hi.
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Kch thc ca thm chn theo bng 18-5trang 92[2] .


A

A1

B1

C1

Vt

S lng

200

150

250

200

230

130

180

12

M10x22

2.9. Que thm du: dng kim tra mc du trong hp gim tc. V tr lp t nghing
550 so vi mt bn, kch thc theo tiu chun.

VII. Chn du bi trn, dung sai lp ghp.


1. Chn du bi trn.
gim mt mt cng sut v ma st, gim mi mn rng, m bo thot nhit tt v
phng cc chi tit my b han g cn phi bi trn lin tc cc b truyn trong hp gim
tc.
Do vn tc vng ca bnh rng trong hp gim tc nh (di 12m/s) nn ta dng bi trn
bng cch ngm du.
Vic bi trn hp gim tc phi m bo cc iu kin sau:
+ Mc du thp nht ngp (0,752)h vi h l chiu cao ca bnh rng (nhng t nht
10mm).
+ Khong cch gia mc du thp nht v cao nht hmax hmin = 1015mm.
+ Mc du cao nht khng c ngp qu 1/3 bn knh vng nh bnh rng.
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+ Lng du trong b khong 0,4 n 0,8 cho 1kW cng sut truyn. Chn lng du
trong b l 5,5 lt.
Theo bng 18-11 v 18-13 [2], ta chn c du bi trn l du Tuabin 57.
2. Dung sai lp ghp.
Da vo kt cu lm vic, ch ti ca cc chi tit trong hp gim tc m ta chn cc
kiu lp ghp sau:
Vng trong ca ln lp trn trc theo h l, cn vng ngoi lp ln v theo h trc.
Mi lp theo kiu H7/k6 l mi ghp trung gian c dng c nh cc chi tit ghp
vi nhau v cc chi tit ny nht thit phi c c nh thm bng then, bulng, vt,
cht, vng hm
Chi tit

Mi lp

es (m)

ei (m)

ES (m)

EI (m)

Bnh rng trc I

H7/k6

+15

+2

+21

Bnh rng trc II

H7/k6

+18

+2

+25

Bnh rng trc III

H7/k6

+18

+2

+25

bi chn I trc I

k6

+15

+2

bi chn I v hp

H7

+30

bi chn II trc II

k6

bi chn II v hp

H7

+30

bi chn III trc III

k6

bi chn III v hp

H7

+35

+18

+18

+2

+2

a xch trc III

H7/k6

+18

+2

+25

Ni trc n hi trc I

H7/k6

+15

+2

+21

Then bng trc I

N9/h9

-52

-52

Then bng trc II

N9/h9

-62

-62

Then bng trc III

N9/h9

-62

-62

GVHD: Xun Ph

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

Then bng bnh rng

D19/h9

Cht nh v - v hp

H7/r6

Np - v hp

-52

+149

+65

+28

+19

+15

H11/d11

-100

-290

+190

Vng chn du trc I

H7/js6

+6.5

-6.5

+21

Vng chn du trc II

H7/js6

+6.5

-6.5

+25

Vng chn du trc III

H7/js6

+8

-8

+25

Vng chn gi

H7/k6

+25

+3

+35

ng lt - bi chn

H7

+30

ng lt gi

H7/k6

+21

+2

+35

Np bch thn hp

H11/d11

-120

-340

+220

ng lt trc I

H7/h6

-13

+21

ng lt trc III

H7/h6

-16

+25

GVHD: Xun Ph

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n mn hc Chi Tit My

s 6; Phng n s 8

TI LIU THAM KHO.

[1]. Nguyn Hu Lc. C S Thit K My. NXB HQG Tp.HCM 2004.


[2]. Trnh cht. Tnh Ton Thit K H Dn ng C Kh, Tp 1 v 2. NXB GD 2002.
[3]. Trn Hu Qu, ng Vn C, Nguyn Vn Tun. V k Thut, Tp 1 v 2. NXB GD
2003.
[4]. Ninh c Tn. Dung Sai V Lp Ghp. NXB Gio Dc 2004.

GVHD: Xun Ph

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