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C. Trong cc hp cht trn ch c ancol etylic c lin kt hiro lin phn t. D. B v C u ng.
+NaOH
H SO c
+NaOH
H 2SO4 170 C , H 2O (H 2SO4lo ng) Cu 10:Cho dy chuyn ha sau : CH 3CH 2CH 2OH X Y
Bit X, Y l sn phm chnh. Vy cng thc cu to ca X v Y ln lt l A. CH3CH=CH2, CH3CH2CH2OH. B. CH3CH=CH2, CH3CH2CH2OSO3H. C. CH3CH=CH2, CH3CH(OH)CH3. D. C3H7OC3H7, CH3CH2CH2OSO3H. Cu 11:Cho Na tc dng vi etanol d sau chng ct ui ht etanol d ri nc vo cht rn cn li trong bnh, sau thm vo bnh vi git dung dch qu tm thy dung dch A. c mu xanh. B. khng mu. C. c mu . D. c mu tm. Cu 12: un nng hn hp 3 ancol no, n chc, mch h vi H 2SO4 c nhit thch hp th c th thu c ti a bao nhiu ete? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.
H 2SO4 c, 170 C Br2 (dd) Cu 13: Cho dy chuyn ha sau : CH 3CH 2CHOHCH 3 E F Bit E, F l sn phm chnh, cc cht phn ng vi nhau theo t l 1 :1 v s mol. Cng thc cu to th gn ca F l A. CH3CH2CHBrCH2Br B. CH3CHBrCHBrCH3 C. CH3CH2CBr2CH3 D. CH2BrCH2CH=CH2 Cu 14:A l hp cht hu c c cng thc phn t C 4H10O. Bit : Khi oxi ho A bng CuO ( t0), thu c anehit. Khi cho anken to thnh t A hp nc (H+, t0) th cho mt ancol bc 1 v mt ancol bc 3. Tn gi ca A l: A. Butan1ol. B. Butan2ol. C. 2metylpropan 2 ol. D. 2metylpropan 1 ol. Cu 15:Khi tch nc t mt cht X c cng thc phn t C4H10O thu c ti a ba anken l ng phn ca nhau (tnh c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3. B. CH3OCH2CH2CH3. C. (CH3)3COH. D. CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH. Cu 16: Cht X c cng thc phn t C4H10O. Khi oxi ho X bng CuO (to) th thu c cht hu c Y c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Mt khc khi cho anken to ra t X hp nc (H+, to) th cho mt ancol bc 1 v mt ancol bc 2. X l A. Butan1ol. B. Butan2ol. C. 2metylpropan 2 ol. D. 2metylpropan 1 ol. o Cu 17:un nng 2,3imetylpentan2ol vi H2SO4 c, 170 C, sau phn ng thu c sn phm chnh l cht no sau y ? A. CH2=CHCH(CH3)CH(CH3)2 B. CH3CH=C(CH3)CH(CH3)2 C. C2H5CH(CH3)C(CH3)=CH2 D. (CH3)2C=C(CH3)CH2CH3 Cu 18. Cho cc hn hp ancol sau: Hn hp 1: (CH3OH + C3H7OH); Hn hp 2: (CH3OH + C2H5OH); Hn hp 3: (CH3CH2CH2OH + (CH3)2CHOH). un cc hn hp vi dung dch H2SO4 c 1400C v 1700C, hn hp ancol no sau phn ngthu c 3 ete nhng ch thu c 1 anken? A. Hn hp 1 B. Hn hp 2 C. Hn hp 3 D. C 3 hn hp trn. Cu 19. Cho s phn ng sau: But-1-en 2 4 X Y Z 2 T K
0
+ HCl
+ NaOH,t 0
H SO ,1800 C
+ Br
+ NaOH, t o
Bit X,Y,Z,T,K u l sn phm chnh ca tng giai on .Cng thc cu to thu gn ca K l A. CH3 CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3 B. CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3 C. CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2OH D. CH2(OH)CH2CH2CH2OH 0 Cu 20:Khi oxi ha ancol A bng CuO, t , thu c anehit B, vy ancol A l A. ancol bc 1. B. ancol bc 2. C. ancol bc 1 hoc ancol bc 2. D. ancol bc 3. Cu 21:Khi cho 2,2imetylpropanol tc dng vi HCl thu c sn phm chnh l cht no sau y ? A. 1clo2,2imetylpropan B. 3clo2,2imetylpropan C. 2clo3metylbutan D. 2clo2metylbutan Cu 22:Cho cc ancol sau: CH3CH2CH2OH (1); CH3CH(OH)CH3 (2); CH3CH2(OH)CH2CH3 (3) CH3CH(OH)C(CH3)3 (4); CH3CH2CH2CH2OH (5); CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3 (6) Dy gm cc ancol khi tch nc ch cho 1 olefin duy nht l A.(1), (2), (5). B. (1), (2), (3). C. (1), (2), (4), (5), (6). D. (2), (3), (6). Cu 23: A, B, D la 3 ng phn co cung cng thc phn t C3H8O. Bit A tac dung vi CuO un nong cho ra andehit, con B cho ra xeton. Vy D la : A. Ancol bc III. B. Cht co nhit si cao nht. C. Cht co nhit si thp nht. D. Cht co kha nng tach nc tao 1 anken duy nht. Cu 24: Chi ra cht tach nc tao 1 anken duy nht: A. metanol; etanol; butan -1-ol. B. Etanol; butan -1,2- diol; 2-metyl propan-1-ol C. Propan-2-ol; butan -1-ol; pentan -3-ol. D. Propanol-1; 2 metyl propan-1-ol; 2,2 dimetyl propan -1-ol. Cu 25 (DH-08-A): Khi tch nc t 3-metylbutan-2-ol sn phm chnh thu c l A. 3-metylbut-1-en B. 2-metylbut-2-en C. 3-metylbut-2-en D. 2-metylbut-3-en Cu 26(DH-10-A): Cho s chuyn ho:
C3H6 X Y Z T E (este a chc) Bit, Y, Z, T u l cc hp cht a chc. Tn gi ca Y l A. propan-1,2-iol. B. propan-1,3-iol. C. glixerol. D. propan-2-ol. Cu 27 (C-2010). ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O c bao nhiu hp cht mch h bn khi tc dng vi kh H 2 (xc tc Ni, t0) sinh ra ancol? A. 3 B. 4 C. 2 D. 1 Cu 28 (DH-10-B): C bao nhiu cht hu c mch h dng iu ch 4-metylpentan-2-ol ch bng phn ng cng H 2 (xt: Ni, t0)? A. 5. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3. Cu 29:Trong cng nghip, sn xut etanol ngi ta A. hirat ha etilen vi xc tc H3PO4/SiO2 (to, p). B. chng khan g. C. i t dn xut halogen bng phn ng vi dung dch kim. D. thy phn este trong mi trng kim. Cu 30 : Mt cht khi b kh bi CuO, sn phm khng c phn ng trng gng cht l A. ancol iso-propylic B. ancol propylic C. ancol etylic D. ancol metylic IV. TNH TON
Cu 1:Khi oxi ha 6,9 gam ancol etylic bng CuO (t o) vi hiu sut phn ng t 80% th lng anehit axetic thu c l A. 3,68 gam B. 5,28 gam C. 6,6 gam D. 8,25 gam Cu 2. Chia a gam ancol etylic thnh 2 phn bng nhau. em nung nng phn 1 vi H 2SO4 c 1700C thu c kh etilen. t chy hon ton lng etilen ny thu c 3,6 gam nc. t chy hon ton phn 2 ri cho ton b sn phm chy vo 500 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,2M, sinh ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 19,70. B. 17,73. C. 9,85. D. 11,82. Cu 3: Trn 0,5mol C2H5OH v 0,7 mol C3H7OH. Sau dn qua H2SO4 c nng. Tt c ancol u b kh nc ( khng c ancol d). Lng anken sinh ra lm mt mu 1 mol Br2 trong dung dch . Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Vy s mol H2O to thnh trong s kh nc trn l: A. 1mol B. 1,1mol C. 1,2mol D. 0,6mol Cu 4: Chia a gam ancol etylic thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 em t chy hon ton thu c 3,36 lt CO 2. Phn 2 tch nc hon ton thnh etilen. t chy ht lng etilen thu c m gam H2O. Tnh m? A. 1,8g B. 3,6g C. 2,7g D. 5,4g Cu 5: Chia a gam ancol etylic thnh hai phn bng nhau: - Phn 1 em un nng vi H2SO4 c 180oC thu c kh etilen. t chy hon ton lng etilen ny thu c 1,8g H2O. - Phn 2 em t chy hon ton thu c V lt CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l? A. 2,24 B. 3,36 C. 4,48 D. 6,72 Cu 6: un nong hn hp X gm 0,1 mol CH3OH va 0,2 mol C2H5OH vi H2SO4 c 140oC, khi lng ete thu c la A. 12,4 gam. B. 7 gam. C. 9,7 gam. D. 15,1 gam Cu 7: Cho m gam hn hp A gm glixerol v etanol t/d vi lng Na kim loi d, sau p/ thu c 8,4 lt H 2 ( ktc). Mt khc, m gam hn hp A li ha tan va ht 9,8 gam Cu(OH)2 nhit phng. Vy m c gi tr l: A. 23,5 gam B. 25,0 gam C. 23,0 gam D. 25,3 gam Cu 8: un nng 10ml ru 920 vi H2SO4 m c 1700C( hiu sut phn ng 60%) thu c bao nhiu lt kh etilen (ktc) ? Bit khi lng ring etanol l 0,8 g/cm3
Br2
NaOH, t 0
CuO , t 0
O 2 ,xt
CH 3OH ,H 2SO 4
A. 2 lt B. 2,15 lt C. 2,46 lt D. 3,56 lt Cu 9: Mt chai ng ru c nhn ghi 25o c ngha l A. c 100 ml nc th c 25 ml ancol nguyn cht. B. c 100 gam dung dch th c 25 ml ancol nguyn cht. C. c 100 gam dd th c 25 gam ancol nguyn cht. D. c 75 ml nc th c 25 ml ancol nguyn cht. Cu 10: Pha a gam ancol etylic (d = 0,8 g/ml) vao nc c 80 ml ru 25o. Gia tri a la A. 16. B. 25,6. C. 32. D. 40. Cu 11: un nong hn hp n ancol n chc khac nhau vi H2SO4 c 140oC thi s ete thu c ti a la A. n(n+1)/2. B. n(2n+1)/2 C. n2/2 D. n! Cu 12: un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng t ti trng thi cn bng thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l A. 55%. B. 50%. C. 62,5%. D. 75%. Cu 13: Khi thc hin phn ng este ho 1 mol CH 3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH, lng este ln nht thu c l 2/3 mol. t hiu sut cc i l 90% (tnh theo axit) khi tin hnh este ho 1 mol CH3COOH cn s mol C2H5OH l (cc phn ng cng nhit ) A. 0,342. B. 2,925. C. 2,412. D. 0,456. Cu 14: un nng V (ml) ancol etylic 95o vi H2SO4 c 1700C c 3,36 lt kh etilen (ktc). Bit hiu sut phn ng l 60% v ancol etylic nguyn cht c d = 0,8 g/ml. Gi tr ca V (ml) l A. 8,19. B. 10,18. C. 12. D. 15,13. Cu 15: t chay hon toan a gam hn hp gm metanol va butan-2-ol c 30,8 gam CO2 va 18 gam H2O. Gia tri a la A. 30,4 gam. B. 16 gam. C. 15,2 gam. D. 7,6 gam.
Cu 2:Cht hu c X cha cc nguyn t C, H, O. Cho X tc dng vi H2 d c mt Ni, un nng, thu c cht hu c Y. un Y vi H2SO4 c 170oC thu c cht hu c Z. Trng hp Z thu c poliisobutilen. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. CH2=CH-CH(CH3)-OH. B. CH2=C(CH3)-CH2-OH C. CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-OH D. CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-OH. Cu 3 (DH-10-A): Tch nc hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol Y ch to ra 2 anken. t chy cng s mol mi ancol th lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 ln lng nc sinh ra t ancol kia. Ancol Y l A. CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3. B. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH. C. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH. D. CH3-CH(OH)-CH3. Cu 4: hidrat ha 14,8g mt ancol thu c 11,2g anken. CTPT ca ancol l A. C4H9OH . B. C3H7OH . C. CnH2n + 1OH D. C2H5OH . Cu 5: Ancol X tach nc chi tao mt anken duy nht. t chay mt lng X c 11 gam CO2 va 5,4 gam H2O. X co th co bao nhiu cng thc cu tao phu hp ? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
Cu 19: Oxi ho 0,6 gam mt ancol n chc bng oxi khng kh, sau dn sn phm qua bnh 1 ng H 2SO4 c, bnh 2 ng KOH d. Khi lng bnh 1 tng 0,72g, bnh 2 tng 1,32g. CTPT ca ancol l: A. C3H8O B. CH4O C. C2H6O D. C4H10O Cu 20: Khi t chy mt ancol no, n chc X thu c CO2 v hi nc theo t l th tch VCO2 : VH 2O =4:5. CTPT ca X l A. C4H10O B. C3H6O C. C5H12O D. C2H6O .
Cu 11. Chia a gam hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt mang t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Phn hai tch nc hon ton thu c hn hp 2 anken. t chy hon ton 2 anken ny c m gam H 2O, m c gi tr l A. 5,4 g B. 3,6 g C. 1,8 g D. 0,8 g Cu 12 (DH-10-A): Oxi ho ht 2,2 gam hn hp hai ancol n chc thnh anehit cn va 4,8 gam CuO. Cho ton b lng anehit trn tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 23,76 gam Ag. Hai ancol l: A. CH3OH, C2H5CH2OH. B. CH3OH, C2H5OH. C. C2H5OH, C3H7CH2OH. D. C2H5OH, C2H5CH2OH. Cu 13: t chy hon ton hn hp 2 ancol n chc mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu c 4,48l CO2 (kc) v 4,95g H2O. Hai ancol ln lt l: A. CH3OH v C2H5OH B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH D. C4H9OH v C5H11OH Cu 14: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm 2 ancol n chc no k nhau trong dy ng ng th thy t l s mol CO 2 v s mol H2O sinh ra ln lt l 9:13. Phn trm s mol ca mi ancol trong hn hp X (theo th t ancol c s cacbon nh, ancol c s cacbon ln) l: A. 40%, 60% B. 75%, 25% C. 25%, 75% D. p s khc.