Chng 7: MAY CAT VA DAO CACH LY

02 Jan 2011

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I. Ho quang khi cat mach ien

1. S hnh thanh ho quang: Khi cat, t nhieu phat sinh ho quang. Neu ho quang khong c nhanh chong dap tat, co the dan en h hong thiet b. Khi au tiep xuc m ra, cng o ien trng trong khe h rat ln.
+ +-+ + - + _

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1. S hnh thanh ho quang

Ho quang van duy tr do: Hien tng phat xa nhiet ien t am cc Hien tng ion hoa do va cham Hien tng ion hoa do nhiet o cao

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2. Hien tng kh ion

Trong khe h gia cac au tiep xuc con qua trnh lam mat phan t mang ien goi la kh ion

Hien tng ket hp ion Hien tng khuech tan ion

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3. Hien tng kh ion cac ien cc va s phan bo ien ap tren ho quang:

a) Kh ion catot: Ion dng chuyen ong ve catot, tao thanh ien tch khoi dng gan catot So ien t ban ra t catot ln, chung chuyen ong ve anot, gap ion, chung ket hp vi nhau, lam cho phan t mang ien gan catot giam xuong, Uc=10-20V
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ien trng ln + + Catot + + + Phat xa ien t 5 + + + + + +

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b) Kh ion anot: Cac ion am va ien t chuyen ong ve pha anot Do tnh linh hoat cua ien t, khi cac ion am ti gan anot, ien t chung se tach ra, chay nhanh vao anot So phan t mang ien gan anot giam xuong, gay ra ien ap giang anot Ua

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Khu vc gia anot va catot, co s phan bo cac phan t mang ien tng oi ong eu nen s phan bo ien ap va t trng giong nhau: ien ap giang tren cot ho quang Uchq phu thuoc vao chieu dai ho quang ien ap ho quang Uchq gom 3 phan:

U hq = U c + U chq + U a

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4. ac tnh V-A cua ho quang:

uhq

Ton tai gii han e ho quang bac chay Uc ng ac tnh khong ong nhat chieu tang va giam dong ien
ihq

ac tnh V-A cua ho quang phu thuoc vao chieu dai ho quang

ac tnh V-A cua ho quang phu thuoc vao moi trng kh trong khong gian gia hai ien cc
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5. Ho quang ien mot chieu:

a) ieu kien chay va dap tat ho quang mot chieu:
ihq + U _ L C R A

Phng trnh can bang ap:

+ uhq _
U = i hq R + L di hq dt + u hq di hq dt =0

HQ chay on nh:

U = i hq R + u hq

02 Jan 2011

Khi trong mach xuat hien s dao ong cua i hq, ngay lap tc trong mach se xuat hien sc ien ong Ldihq/dt 9
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6) Ho quang ien xoay chieu:

a) ac tnh ho quang AC:
Ung ihq UC Uhq Ut

t1

t2

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II) May cat ien:

1) Nhiem vu va cong dung: ong cat mot phan t cua he thong ien (may phat, MBA, ng day, ) luc lam viec bnh thng cung nh luc s co.
Ngan mach MC Tai

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Yeu cau oi vi may cat ien:

Cat nhanh, am bao khi ong cat khong gay no va chay Co the ieu khien tai cho, ng cach va t xa. Co kha nang ong cat lap lai. Kch thc gon nhe Gia thanh ha
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Cac ai lng ac trng:

ien ap nh mc Dong nh mc Dong ien cat nh mc, dung lng cat Dong ien on nh ong nh mc Dong ien va thi gian on nh nhiet nh mc
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Cac ieu kien chon la MC:

- UmMC Um - Im Icb - Icm IN - i.m ixk
I nhdm t nhdm B N

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III) Dao cach ly:

1) Nhiem vu: DCL tao ra khoang cach trong thay c e am bao an toan khi sa cha MP, MC, D DCL ong khi khong co dong hoac dong nho

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Cat dong khong tai cua ng day ngan va cac MBA cong suat nho. ong cat phu tai ti 10-15 A cua cac mach co U m ti 10 kV ong, cat dong can bang ong, cat may bien ien ap

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2) Phan loai DCL:

DCL kieu quay hai tru DCL kieu quay 3 tru DCL kieu quay 1 tru, tiep iem ong m. DCL hai tru ng, cat gia. Dao noi at 1 tru.

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3) Bo phan truyen ong cua DCL va dao noi at:

La c cau e ong m va duy tr cac v tr cua chung Bo phan truyen ong bang tay co cau truc n gian, chac chan, ni khong can ieu khien t xa. Bo truyen ong ong c co cau tao phc tap at tien hn, ni can ieu khien Trong bo truyen ong can co tiep iem phu dung cho mach bao tn hieu ong m, dung cho mach khoa lien ong thao tac nham lan.

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4) Cac ieu kien chon la DCL:

UmMC Um Im Icb i.m ixk
I nhdm t nhdm B N

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