Example-1 (Design of Glacis Type Weir)

i) Design Data Particulars

Discharge H.F.L. River bed level Bed Width F.S.L. Afflux Permissible exist gradient FSL D/S of canal regulator Canal bed level D/S of regulator Canal bed level D/S of regulator

U/S 1800.000 300.000 293.000 299.000 1.000 0.167 296.000 1.70

D/S
m

Units
m3/s

293.000 m
m m m m m/m

ii) Weir length and RL of weir crest Regime width,B ; B= U/S Max water depth= Velocity of approach,V= Velocity head,hv= U/S total energy level=HFL+hv= Effective width of weir= n ( No of spans) 10 spans= Kp( weir contraction coefficient)= Ka(abutment coeff. ) 45 degree wing wall Pier thickness= bclear B-n*pier thickness= beffective= H= (Q/bclear*C)^(2/3) Actual energy head, He=(Q/beff*C)^(2/3) RL of weir Crest= HFL-He= D/S HFL= U/S HFL-Afflux= 19 0.01 0.1 1.5 171.5 169.55 3.37 3.39 296.610 299.000 200 7.000 1.3 0.09 300.090 m m m/s m

iii) U/S and D/S cutoff depths

Check if flow is free or submerged H1(U/S head above weir crest)= H2(D/S head above weir crest)= H2/H1 (submergence ratio)= Hence flow is; Correction factor ,f= Q (corrected)=Q.f= Regime scoure depth= Lecey's silt factor,f= mean diammeter of bed mater,d(mm)= U/S scour depth=1.75*Rs= RL of bottom of U/S cutoff= U/S HFL-Rs= U/S cutoff depth=RBL-RL U/Sbottom cutoff= D/S scour depth=2*Rs= RL of bottom of D/S cutoff=D/S HFL-Rs D/S cutoff depth=RBL-RL D/S bottom cutoff= Pond level (FSL of regulator) Hence Max. seppage head=PL-RBL= (assuming tail water depth=0) 3.390 m 2.390 m 0.71 flow is free; Q not affected
C D

1 1800 m3/s 5.78 m 1 0.35 mm 10.12 m 289.88 m 3.00 m 11.56 m 287.440 m 6.000 m 296.000 m 6.000 m
A

Design Weir Dimentions

iv) Total Weir length and proposed weir dimentions Exit gradient (Ge);

Accuracy level b is solved; Total floor length,b=

-1.27915E-11 37.82 m

D/S floor length (length of stilling basin)= 5(Y2-Y1) where Y1 & Y2 are conjugate depths of a hydraulic Jump. Bernouli @ U/S and Toe of D/S weir; Z0 +vo^2/2g+Hd =Z1+Y1+V1^2/2g V1= Y1= Froud No at point 1, F1= V1/(g*Y1)^0.5= Y2=y1 ((1+8F1^2)^0.5-1)/2= For stilling basin Type IV ; L= 4*Y2= Tail water depth, Y3= Continuity Equation Q=A1V1=Y1*B*V1 V1=Q/(Y1*B) 6.15 m/s 1.46 m/s -4.65405E-13 1.62 2.71 m 11.0 m 6.0 m

Hence the jump occurs; on sloping surface of the weir Y3/Y2= 2.22 tan where is the angle the D/S sloping glacis made with the horizontal 0.25 L/Y2 (read from chart where L= length of jump) 5.75 L,length of jump= 15.6 m Therefore, provide; i) U/S horizontal apron,L1= ii) H:V 2:1 sloped U/S glacis,L2= iii) Crest width , L3= iv)H:V 4:1 sloped D/S glasis,L4= V) D/S horizontal apron,,L5= TOTAL PROPOSED FLOOR LENGTH,L= 5 7.2 1 14.4 16.0 m m m m m OK !

############# m

v) Uplift Pressure Using Khosla's Theory and floor thickness of weir

Calculation of Uplift pressure :Let the floor thickness at U/S end = Let the floor thickness at D/S end = For u/s cutoff
b=

0.40 m 2.05 m
44 m

d= a= (b/d) = 2 0.5 l=(1+(1+a ) )/2 = ((l-2)/l) = ((l-1)/l) = -1 fE =(1/p) * cos (l-2/l) = fD =(1/p) * cos (l-1/l) = 100-fE = fC1 = 100-fD = fD1 =
-1

3 m 14.55 m
7.79 0.74 0.87

0.068713

23.32 % 16.30 % 76.68 % 83.70 %

Correction for fC1

(i) Correction for floor thickness :Correction = (ii) Correction due to the effect of d/s cutoff on u/s cutoff :d= D= b= b' (assuming the piles placed @ 0.5m from the end) Correction = 19*(D/b')0.5*((d+D)/b) = So, correction due to effect of d/s cutoff on u/s cutoff = fC1 Corrected = 0.94 (+) %

2.60 3.95 44 43 0.87 (+) %

0.87

78.48 %

For d/s cutoff

b= d= a= (b/d) = 2 0.5 l=(1+(1+a ) )/2 = ((l-2)/l) = ((l-1)/l) = -1 fE2 =(1/p) *cos (l-2/l) = -1 fD2 =(1/p) *cos (l-1/l) = Correction for fE2 (i) Correction for floor thickness :Correction = (ii) Correction due to the effect of u/s cutoff on d/s cutoff :d= D= b= b' = Correction = 19*(D/b')0.5*((d+D)/b) = fE2 Corrected =
3.43 (-) % 44 m 6.00 m 7.28 m 4.17 0.52 0.76

32.57 % 22.50 %

3.95 2.60 44 43 0.70 (-) %

28.43 %

7.2

15.4

16.0

2.81 3.87 4.37 Pressure 4.71 Total head between U/S and Downstream= FSL-D/S river bed level=

1.71

6.000 m

Hence Pressure above weir floor at point C= E= F= Weir floor thickness at point C= E= F= 0.26 m 2.81 m 1.71 m 0.31 m 3.37 m 2.05 m 0.00

Vi) Protection works i) For D/S concrete apron block with open joints filled with spawls; Length= 1.5*d2= 1.5*6= 9 m Hence use cast-insitu concrete blocks of 1m * 1.5m *1m deep laid open jointed over a graded filter construction. ii) For D/S flexible apron of brocken stone length= 2.5 d2 =2.5*6= Volume content per meter length=2.63*d2= Thickness of apron=Volume/length= Minimum stone size= Mean Velocity= 1800/200*6= = iii) For U/S impervious concrete block apron length=1.5d1= Use cast insitu concrete block 1m*1.5m*0.6m deep Vi) For U/S flexible apron length=2*d1= Volume=2.25*d1= Thickness of apron= 6 m 6.75 m^3/m 1.13 m 4.5 15 15.78 1.05 0.10 1.5 1.65 m m^3/m m m/s