Forces and motion

1-A sprinter runs 100 meters in 12.5 minutes. Work out his speed in m/s 2-A car can travel at 350 m/s .how far will it travel at this speed a)3o sec b) 5minutes c)3 hours 3-Scetch velocity time graph for a)An object moving at a constant velocity of 6 m/s

b)an object accelerating uniformly at 2 m/s2 for 10s

c)An object decelerating at 4 m/s2 for 5s

4)Name the force that a) Causes object fall down towards the earth b)Stops a car sinking into the road surface 5)Name to types of forces that oppose motion

6) What is an unbalanced force? Give an example .

7)What force required to make object of mass 500g accelerate at 4 m/s2 at time 10 sec Calculate the force and the velocity

8) Mark bends his legs an roll the fall on land . He does this to reduce risk of injury .Explain why using your physical knowledge why he did this.

9) What factors affect the breaking and thinking time?

10) 24

a) How long the driver takes to react to seeing the obstacle

b) How far the car travels in the reaction time

c)The total distance the car travels before and after stopping

11) Work out giving your answers in kg m/s of a ball of mass 6g travelling at 8 m/s

12) crumple zones in cars are designed to reduce the forces during collision . explain how they do this

13)

150 N

2.5m

5m

w??

Calculate w ? show your work clearly.

14)What is meant by equilibrium ?

15)What is meant by moment? Draw a diagram for it ?

16) Forces are ________ quantities that can change the _________ or motion of bodies . The _______ caused by a force depends on the size of the force and on the ___________of the body. Falling objects are affected on by their __________ and by air resistance . A falling object reaches its ___________ when the weight and drag forces are ________.

17) A car travelling at 40 m/s brakes and decelerates uniformly to rest . The car has a mass of 700 kg . the car takes 10 s to come to rest. Work out the deceleration of the car

Energy resources and energy transfer

1) Describe the main energy conversion taking place in the following a) turning on a torch b) rubbing your hands to keep them warm c) stretching a spring

2) a) Draw a sankey diagram for the following . An electric kettle is used to heat some water . 350 kJ of energy are used to heat water , 10 kJ raise the temperature of the kettle and 40 kJ escape to heat the surrounding

b) calculate the efficiency of the kettle

3) define conduction , convection and radiation ? give some examples?

4) Define work and power and give their unit ?

5)A reservoir of water has a height of 800 m an contains 200 liters each liter weigh 200 g . calculate the gravitational potential . 6) A rocket was fired the mass of the rocket was 400 g , if the stone has a kinetic energy of 390 J . calculate the speed .

7) what is meant by non-renewable source and give two examples?

8)what advantage of nuclear energy ? (other than cost)

What disadvantage of nuclear energy

9) A lift and its load of passengers have a total weight of 8000 N a) What is the work done when tne lift is moved up by 30 m

b) If the lift takes 7 sec. to move up 30 m what is the power ?

Solid ,liquids and gases

1-Describe how you could carry an experiment to measure the density of irregular shape like a stone? Name the pieces of equipment you are going to use describe what you should do to avoid errors?

2-Explain why using a sharp knife rather than thick knife to cut a potato?

3-A man weight is 850 N .He stands on a lift with area of 250 m2.calculate the pressure exerted .

4-Explain the use of manometer and barometer?

5-if a water reservoir has a density of 8000 kg/cm3 and a depth of 100 meters . calculate the pressure.

6-Draw and summarize the way that particles are arranged in solids liquids and gases

7- a)Some gas has a volume of 1.2 m3 at a pressure of 120 KPa . calculate the volume when the pressure decrease by 20 KPa.

b) state two assumptions you made

8- a)convert -273*C into Kelvin b) what is special about this temperature.

9-Some gas trapped in a metal cylinder . The temperature outside the cylinder increased . Explain how this affect the particles in the gas and what effect this has

10-The average speed of the particles in gas _____ with increasing temperature .____________ zero is the temperature at which movement is equal to __________ . this temperature is approximately ________*C

Sound and light waves

1)Explain the difference between a transverse and longitudinal waves and give example for each one

2)Draw a transverse wave and name on it the amplitude, wavelength ?

3) The speed of sound in water is approximately 1500 m/s. a) what is the frequency of a sound wave with a wavelength of 1.5 m

b)what is the period of this wave

4) define frequency and name its unit

5) define the wavelength and the amplitude

6)draw a light ray using a ray box with an angle of incidence 30* complete the ray till it emerge from the outer side.

7) what is meant by total internal reflection and when it happens?

8) what is the critical angle?

9)Name two wave properities the are common in the electromagnetic spectrum ? And their arrangement ? and which have more wavelength

10)Name one type of wave that may cause cancer?

11)What two difference between x-rays and microwave radiation and state their using and the problems they may cause?

12)state the difference between analogue an digital signals ? you may illustrate a diagram if you want ?

13) state an advantage of sending messages in digital form

14) In an experiment to measure the refractive index of a type of glass the angle of refraction was found to be 31* when the angle of incidence was 55* a) calculate the refractive index

b) what would be the angle of refraction for a ray with an angle of incidence of 45*

c)calculate the critical angle?

15) draw a diagram to show a ray which is reflected

16) Draw a diagram to show light dispersion

17) draw a diagram to show how total internal reflection may occur

18) The pitch of the sound depends on the______________. While the loudness depends on the___________.

Radioactivity
protons neutrons electrons 1)An alpha particle consists of four ________ .Two of these are _________and two are _________.An alpha is an _________which caries ________charge. It is stopped by________ A beta particle is a fast moving ________which carry _______cahrge which ca n be stopped by_______ A gamma radiation has __________ mass it is called__________ radiation whaich can be decreased by_____________2)a) b) c)

+ +

3)what is meant by isomer ? support it by an example? which have a medical use?

4)Explain what is meant by background radiation? Give two sources of background radiation?

5)what does this unit stands for Bq?

6)The activity of a radioactive sample is measured . The activity corrected for background radiation is found to be 240Bq . The activity is measured again after 1hour 30 minutes and is now 30Bq . what is the halflife of the sample?

7) Alpha

Nucleas a)Explain what will happen in each single line and why you did this?

b)Explain why we use zinc sulphid sheet ?

c)Explain why this experimant should be done in vaccume?

8)Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of nucler fission?

9) what will happen to the wasted uranium? And what effect this would have on people?

10) draw a chain reaction clearly show your work?

11)Describe how you would maesure the half life of a radioactive isotope why you would measure it in minutes rathet than hours or years .

12)state some uses of radioactiveisotopes?

13)state the use of each in the nuclear reactor? a)The concrete or lead chamber

b)The graphite core (moderator)

c)candium control rods name other material which is used instead of the candium?

d) Uranium rods (fuel rods)

14)Uranium is used as a _______in a nuclear reactor . It is used because its nuclei can be splitted by a ___________.The process of splitting an atom is called _______.The products of the decay are two _______ _______.

Magnetism and electromagnetism

1)Draw a diagram to show the magnetic field around the solenoid?

2)There is a simple electromagnet? a) Explain why the core of an electromagnet is made up of soft iron and not steel?

b)suugest two ways to increse the strenght of the electromagnet?

3)a)Draw a diagram of a simple electric motor

b)explain the funcyion of the brushes and the split rings

3)A wire carrying electric current expereince a ___________when it is in a ______feild.This effect be used in_______and electric__ 4)explain by using a diagram the difference between ac and dc current

5)a step-up transformer has 100 turns on its primary coil and 20000turns on ots secondary coil.calculat the output voltage of the transformerif the input voltage is 12 a.c

6)what is used befor and after the transsmission lines?

7)draw a diagram for felimings left hands rule and explain the role of each finger briefly

8) compare the d.c and the a.c generator and what each I used in?

9) what is electromagnetic induction and what is it used for?

10)draw the flux line between two magnets

11)What is retefication?

Electricity
1)A current of 0.25A flows through a bulb when a voltage of 12V is applied across it . calculate the power of the bulb.

2) calculate the voltage thet is being applied a 10W bulb if a current of 3 A flows through it

3) How much enrgy transferred if a 100W bulb was left for 6Hr

4) What happens to a circuit breaker (fuse) when a high current pass

5)what will happen if an dry cloth was rubbed whith a plastic rod ? Explain briefly.

6)If a currrent flow through a wire was 3A , calculate the charge flow through a heater in 10 min.

7) Explain the difference between sereis an parallel cuircuit and which is batter and why?

8) Draw a circuit diagram to show how voltmeter should be connected to measure the voltage across the bulb

9)a)State ohm's law b) Draw a diagram of the circuit you would use to show ohm's law briefly

10) Calculate the current thet flows when a voltaqe of 12V is applied across a piece of wire of resistance 50

11) Explain how the resistance of a : i) a thermistor ii) a light dependent resistor could be incrased

12) Why we prefer to connevt our home appliances parallel? Give 3 examples.

12) The main hazarads of electricity are due to?

13)Name the colours of the live,neutral and earth wire?state what is important about the earth wire 14) Define a relay?

15)

15)

a)why is the cathode heated?

b)what is the function of the grid hole

c)what is the role of the positive anode

d)what is the function of the flouroscent screen

e) The beam is deflected vertically by the___________plates ,and deflected horizontally by______plates

16)Carry out an investigation to show a force experienced due magnetic field and electric current? Support your answer by a diagram

17)what is the capacitor used for?

Astronomy
1- what is an asteroid ? 2-what is a comet?

3-What is a milky way

4-A satellite is an orbit 10000 km above the earth the radius of the earh is 6400 Km the satellite is moving at a speed of 30 Km/s how does it take the satellite to orbit the earth once.

5- Define centripetal force

Equations and relationships

1-The relationship between speed, distance and time Speed= 2-The relationship between force , mass and acceleration and change in velocity. Force=mass Acceleration = 3-The relationship between momentum , mass and velocity. acceleration

Momentum=mass x velocity 4-The relationship between density , mass and volume Density= 5- The relationship between enegy transferred and efficiency Efficiency= x100%

6-The relationship between force , distance and work done Work done=force x distance 7-The energy relationships: Energy transferred = work done Kinetic energy = x mass x G.P.E= mass x gravity x gravity 8-The relationship between mass , weight and gravity Weight= mass x gravity

9-The relationship between force , pressure and area Pressure=

10-The relationship between the moment , force and distance Moment=force x perpendicular distance 11-The relationship between charge , current , voltage , resistance and power Charge= current x time Voltage=current x resistance

power = voltage x current 12-The relationship between wave speed , frequency and wavelength Wave speed = frequency x wavelength 13-The relationship between voltage and number of turns of the transformer? = 14-The relationship between refractive index , angle of incidence and critical angle and angle of refraction n= sin c = 15- The relationship for pressure in water Pressure = height x density x g

Very important symbols