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Mainboard: Bt cng tc qut khng quay

07-01-2009 | lqv77 | 41 phn hi 1. Do hng mch khi ng ngun trn Mainboard - Do hng n khuch i o lnh P.ON - Do hng hoc bong chn IC- SIO - Do hng thch anh 32,768KHz - Do hng hoc bong chn Chipset nam 2. Mch khi ng ngun trn Mainboard c 3 dng nh sau

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C ba dng mch trn, mch khi ng u i qua hai linh kin l Chipset nam v ICSIO, dng 1 lnh P.ON c khuch i o trc khi chng c a ra chn P.ON, dng 2 v dng 3 th lnh P.ON i ra trc tip t IC-SIO Xem li bi: Mch qun l ngun trn mainboard

2 Phn tch nguyn l mch

Khi ta cm in, ngun cp trc trn b ngun ATX chy ngay v cung cp xung Mainboard in p 5V STB (in p cp trc), in p ny s cung cp cho mch khi ng ngun trong Chipset nam v IC- SIO. Khi ta bt cng tc, chn PWR c chp xung Mass v i trng thi t mc Logic 1 sang mc Logic 0 tc ng vo Chipset, Chipset nam a ra lnh P.ON cho i qua ICSIO thc hin cc chc nng bo v khi Mainboard c s c, sau lnh P.ON c a ra chn s 14 ca rc cp ngun ATX, lnh ny a ln ngun ATX iu khin cho ngun chnh hot ng. Nu lnh P.ON ra t IC- SIO mc cao (mc logic 1) l m ngun chnh th ngi ta phi thit k thm mch o (nh dng 1), mch khuch i o s dng mt n Mosfet nh. Tt c cc ngun ATX hin nay u thit k lnh P.ON mc thp (mc logic 0 hay c 0V) l m ngun chnh, lnh P.ON mc cao (mc logic 1 hay c in p khong 3 n 5V) l tt ngun chnh. Thch anh 32,768KHz dao ng cho ng h thi gian thc v c nui bi Pin CMOS, ng thi thch anh ny cng to xung nhp cho mch khi ng ngun, nu thch anh ny hng th mch khi ng s khng hot ng.

3 Cc bc kim tra & sa cha


Bc 2 Kim tra trng hp IC b chp:

1. Cm b ngun ATX vo Mainboard - Cp in cho b ngun - Sau khong 30 giy, ly ta chm vo IC SIO v Chipset nam xem c nng khng, nu mt trong hai IC ny m pht nhit > 40oC (thy nng) l IC b hng. => Vi trng hp trn bn cn thay IC SIO hoc Chipset (thay IC b nng)

Nu mi cm in m Chipset nam hoc IC- SIO nng ln l IC b chp, cn phi thay IC 2. Bc 3 Kim tra n khuch i o ? - Chnh ng h thang X1 , o t chn chn P.ON ca rc ngun ATX n chn IC SIO xem c thng mch khng ? (chn P.ON l chn 14 ca rc 20 chn hoc chn 18 ca rc 24 chn hoc tnh theo chn i ra si dy mu xanh l cy)

Nu o t chn P.ON n mt chn no ca IC-SIO m c tr khng bng 0 th Main ca bn khng c n khuch i o lnh P.ON.

Nu o t chn P.ON n tt c cc chn IC-SIO u c tr khng > 0 th Main c n khuch i o

- n khuch i o c hnh dng nh trn, tm ra n khuch i o bn cn o t chn P.ON n chn D cc n nh trn Main, nu o n n no cho tr khng bng 0 th l n khuch i o lnh P.ON - Kim tra n khuch i o ny cng tng t nh cc n Mosfet khc trn Main, chng c to chn nh hnh trn. Xem li bi o kim tra Chipset 3. Bc 4 Hn vo chn hoc thay thch anh 32,768KHz (thch anh 32,768KHz

ng gn Chipset nam) - Thch anh 32,768KHz dao ng cho ng h thi gian thc, ng thi n cung cp xung nhp cho mch khi ng, nu hng thch anh ny, Mainboard s khng khi ng c, bm phm m ngun s khng tc dng. - Nhiu thch anh hng, khi hn vo chn n li hi li v chy c vi ting ng h, nu chn thch anh b en hay b g th bn nn thay thch anh khc. 4. Bc 5 Kh li IC SIO nu kh li khng c th bn cn thay th IC SIO (Nhn bit IC SIO => L IC 4 hng chn, kch thc khong 4cm2 bn cnh khng c

thch anh) (Ghi ch: Bnh ny c nguyn nhn hng do IC-SIO chim khong 70%)

Kh li chn IC SIO, nu khng c bn cn thay th IC ny 5. Bc 6 Hn li Chipset nam hoc thay Chipset nam Sau khi thc hin qua 5 bc trn nhng khng c kt qu bn mi thc hin n

bc 6 ny Ngun: hocnghe.com.vn

Cch o kim tra mt mainboard xc nh h hng


26-12-2009 | lqv77 | 206 phn hi

Nhiu bn t vn vi ti l: Khng cn hc sa mainboard, ch cn bit cch o t v xc nh chnh xc main h v h ch no m thi. < chnh l l do c bi vit ny. Yu cu trnh : Vc s. Ti thiu: phi bit xi VOM kim hoc s ty. Bt u: I. Cm ngun vo main v o (cha kch ngun u nh): 1. Dy tm phi 5V: thiu th phi kim tra b ngun ri coi OK cha, nu ngun ri OK m cm vo main b st p th coi chng chm ti u : thng l Chip NAM, LAN, Sound, SIO 2. Dy xanh l phi c 5V (hoc 2v5 n ~5v) : chn no khng quan trng nhng nu cm ngun v m khng c 5V th cng mt. V n = 0V th ngun phi chy, m cha kch cng tc m ngun chy < Li t kch ngun. 3. Chn A14 khe PCI phi c 3V3:

y l chn ngun cp trc 3v3 cho chipset Nam, mt 3v3 ny th chip Nam khng hot ng v chc chng s khng kch c ngun. Mt 3V3 ny thng do cht IC 1117 hoc chm, cht chip Nam. 4. Chn kch ngun ps_on phi c 5V:

Khi c 3v3, thch anh 32Mhz OK th chip Nam s cp trc tip (hoc thng qua SIO) 5V kch

cho 1 chn ca nt cng tt (cu ra mt thng CPU) PS_ON. Mt 5V kch ny thng do li SIO hoc chip Nam. II. Kch ngun: < Kch khng c ngun th kim k li cc bc trn v t kt lun main h g nh. III. Kch ngun, qut quay, my khng boot, khng ln hnh, o tip: 1. o Ngun RAM: DDR1: Chn s 7 hoc chn 143 nh hnh phi c 2V5:

DDR2: Phi c 1V8

DDR3: Chn 51 phi c 1V5

Nu mt ngun RAM thng do cht FET hoc cht IC giao ng ngun RAM. 2. o ngun BUS RAM (VTT) phi c 1V25 cho DDR1

Mt ngun Bus Ram dn n: khng cm RAM th ku tit tit, cm RAM vo im re nhng cng khng chy (nh dng li chip Bc). Nu khng c dy in tr th o chn 2, 4, 6 ca DDR1 nh. 3. Ngun chipset (c khi chung ngun AGP/PCIx): o chn S cc mosfet cng sut khu vc gia 2 chipset phi c 1V5.

Nu mt ngun ny khi kch ngun chipset lp tc nng rang (thm ch nng n cht ti lun). 4. Ngun Vcore cp cho CPU: o ti chn cc cun dy ging nhau xung socket gn CPU: phi c t 1v1 ~ 1v8

Mt ngun ny CPU s lnh tanh v chc chn mainboard khng chy. Nu ch dng VOM th n y l kt thc. Chc cc vc s thnh cng chun on bnh mainboard vi VOM.

Mainboard: khng nhn USB


10-09-2009 | lqv77 | 79 phn hi

Nu tt c cc cng USB u khng nhn (ng ni l li Win nh, web ny support phn cng, win th t x trc khi xem tip bi ny nh) th ng vi tiu bi ny. Cn cng nhn cng ko th do tip xc km thi. Nhim v cc chn ca USB cng tng t nh bn phm v chut.

im khc bit rt quan trng l bn phm v chut PS/2 l do chip SIO qun l cn cc cng USB l do chipset Nam trc tip qun l: S nguyn l:

Theo s ny th ta thy n khng khc g vi keyboard v mouse nn h hng v cch x l th hon ton ging nh keyboard v mouse. 1. Mt ngun 5V (t cu ch hoc t mch) 2. Cc t lc nhiu b r (x b)

3. Cc ng data b gin on. < d mch tm thi. 4. H hoc li chipset Nam (Cn thn nh) Ci khc duy nht m quan trng nht l chipset Nam qun l nu trn. Ch : Cn thn trng khi thao tc vi chipset Nam, v n c th lm cho mainboard thm ch khng cn kch c ngun v khng chy lun. L thuyt ny ng dng cho c PC v laptop.

Mainboard: Khng nhn keyboard v mouse


10-09-2009 | lqv77 | 58 phn hi

Cn phn bit giao tip keyboard v mouse chun l cng ps/2 nh. Cn cng USB ch l ph hoc cho n khi no cng ps/2 b b i.

Trong bi ny ti ch cp bn phm v chut chun PS/2 thi nh. u cm bn phm v chut th nh nhau, u c 6 chu cm (nh hnh) nhng ch dng 4 chu thi cn 2 chu kia (NC2; NC6: chng cho p). S nguyn l:

Theo s trn ta thy: nu t cu ch lm mt 5V th chc chn c chut v bn phm u s t lit. Nu cc ng Data+, Data- m b gin on th kt qu cng tng t. Nu c 5V th d thng mch cc c Data vo chip SIO l OK. Nu mch thng tt th li chi cn li l chip SIO. Cc li thng gp: - t cu ch > mt 5V cp cho 2 cng PS/2. - Cc ng data u c cc t bi lc nhiu (xem hnh di) v cc t lc nhiu ny lu ngy s b r < x b ht l OK (Rt thng xy ra)

- Li chip SIO < Thng xy ra. Kh li, hoc phi thay lun l OK.

Mainboard: Socket CPU v cc li thng gp


10-08-2009 | lqv77 | 25 phn hi

Socket CPU L dng gng CPU vo mainboard. L thnh phn d nhn bit nht trn mainboard. Hin c 2 dng thng dng i vi CPU INTEL l socket 478 ( ngng sn xut) v socket 775. i vi CPU AMD th socket AMD2. D nhin l cn rt nhiu lai socket khc nhau na nhng ti chi nu 3 ci c trng thi.

Cc li thng gp:

1. Ch yu do tip xc khng tt: - i vi socket 478 v AMD2 phi cn thn tho ming gt chn mu sng (chim 1/2 bn trn b mt socket) ra v sinh = RP7 v quan st k coi c b ten, r hay khng. Nu c th v sinh v co tht sch CPU v socket tip xc tr li. - i vi socket 775 th quan st k xem c b cong cc chn tip xc. V sinh tht nh trnh cong cc chn tip xc.

2. Li h chn socket: - i vi lai socket dng chn gm (khng xuyn qua mainboard) nh kiu chipset. Trng hp ny rt kh chun on. - C th dng thit b test socket (xem hnh) kim tra tnh trng tip xc ca Socket CPU.

- Nu c kinh nghim, thng dng tay mnh ln lng CPU nu thy card test mainboard nhy sang s khc hn so vi lc cha tay th 99,99% h socket. - Li ny ch yu do ch bi di bng socket lu ngy b nht li dn n ht ch gy tip xc khng tt gia socket v mainboard. - Cch x l tt nht l hp kh li socket (khng dng m hay nha thng). Cn phi c my hn chip chuyn dng mi lm c. Ti thiu cng phi dng bp hp chuyn dng. Nn nh khng cho m hay nha thng vo socket s lm cht socket v m hay nha thng s thm vo cc chn v khng cn tip xc tt na. - Nu hp vn khng gii quyt th ch cn cch thay socket m thi. D nhin phi c socket mi v my hn chip mi lm c. Vui lng vo forum tham gia tho lun v sa cha mainboard:

Mainboard: Kim tra v sa cha mch VRM


23-06-2009 | lqv77 | 40 phn hi

VRM Mch cp ngun cho CPU Mch cp ngun cho RAM v AGP Mch cp ngun cho chipset Mch kch ngun

Kim tra v sa cha mch VRM

1.Mt ngun Vcore cho CPU: - Tnh trng: o thy mt ngun Vcore u cc cun dy. - Nu gn CPU m mainboard khng support th mch cng s khng chy v s khng c Vcore ng ra. X l: Thay th CPU khc. Hoc dng CPU ti gi.

- Nu CPU tip xc khng tt nht l cc chn hi tip. V sinh socket hoc bng CPU. - Socket b h chn cng c th gy tng t. mnh chip CPU nu c du hiu chy th 100% h socket. < Hp li socket. - Cht IC giao ng < Rt ph bin. Ch c cch thay th IC tt vo loi tr. - Mosfet b t < Ci ny kh chu v phi tho ln lt tng mosfet ra o kch, x xc nh. 2. Chp ngun mch VRM: - Tnh trng: Rt u cm 12V (4 pin) th kch c ngun, cm vo th kch khng c hoc qut quay vi vng ri tt. - Do chp mosfet < o kim tra chp mch. Xem thm bi o kim tra mosfet. - Do chp IC giao ng. < X IC ra coi ht chp khng.

- Do chp IC driver. < X IC ra coi ht chp khng. - Do chp cc t ha lc ngun (rt t xy ra). - Do chp cc t gm (rt t xy ra) - Nu x ht Mosfet, ic giao ng, ic driver, t m vn cn chp th 100% chp chipset Bc.

Mainboard: Mosfet o nhim v v hot ng


13-05-2009 | lqv77 | 24 phn hi

Qua bi Mch kch ngun, Khng kch c ngun: Nhiu bn c thc mc Mosfet o l g? Bi vit ny ti tp trung gii thch v tr li cu hi m nhiu ngi thc mc. 1. Nguyn l hat ng ngun ATX: - Gic ngun 20pin hoc 24pin c 1 dy mu xanh l cy gi l dy cng tc dy ny khi mi cm in s c 2v5 n 5v nu chp dy ny xung mass thc p cho n = 0V th b ngun s chy. - l cch th b ngun ri xem ngun c chy hay khng. Cng l cch ta kch p ngun phi chy khi cn thit.

- Khi ta cm gic ngun vo main, trn main s c 1 ci cng tc in t s ng, ngt theo s iu khin ca chip NAM thng qua chip SIO. Cng tc ny ng c ngha dy xanh l lc ny s c chp xung mass v b ngun ATX s c kch chy. - Tng t khi ta shutdown my, h iu hnh s ra lnh ngt cng tc in t ny s thng qua chip NAM v chip SIO n vi cng tc v b ngun ATX s c tt. 2. Hot ng ca Mosfet o: - V ci cng tc in t chnh l mosfet o. Thc ra lm nhim v cng tc in t ny c th l mt transistor thng thng. Nhng do cc mainboard thng thit k 1 mosfet lm nhim v ny nn ta gi l mosfet o.

- Vy ti sao li gi l mosfet o? - Khi mun ng cng tc chp chn xanh l xung mass th t chip SIO s c mt xung dng (2v5 n 5v) kch chn G ca mosfet, lm cho mosfet dn t D-S. Tng ng vi vic chn xanh l chp mass. Xung dng (c p) ra lm cho chn D-S xung mass (mt p). T c p -> mt p l hat ng ca mt cng o. C p qua cng o thnh khng p. Nn ta gi mosfet ny gi nhim v nh mt cng o. V gi tt l mosfet o l nh vy. - Vy nu main khng c mosfet o th sao ??? - Thc ra mosfet o c tch hp vo bn trong chip SIO. y l thit k ban u ca chip SIO. V sau mt s hng sn xut mi thit k li v a mosfet o ny ra ngai. Do nm bn trong m h l phi thay nguyn chip SIO.

3. Cc h hng do mosfet o gy nn: - Khng kch ngun: do b t mosfet, nh th cng tc n b h th cho d ta c bt cch g th n cng khng sng cho n khi thay cng tc mi. - Cm in l ngun t chy, shutdown ngun khng tc m li tip tc chy (nh chn restart hay reset): do chp D-S ca mosfet. Nh th cng tc n b chp th cho d ta c bt hay tt g th n vn c m. 4. Cch xc nh mosfet o: - Trc tin phi xc nh xem mainboard c mosfet hay khng. Dng php o thng mch (o m x1) gia chn 14 (chn gic cm mu xanh l) v cc chn ca chip SIO (r que o ln cc chn ca SIO). Nu c chn thng mch =0 m th khng c mosfet o nm bn ngai. Ngc li, khng c chn no thng mch = 0 m th l c mosfet o nm ngai. - Cch tm mosfet o, l phi o ln lt cc mosfet nh xung quanh khu vc gia gc cm 14 n chip SIO. Ch yu l kinh nghim, nu khng th phi d tt c mosfet trn mainboard.

Hng dn s dng Card Test MainBoard 2009 Version


30-04-2009 | lqv77 | 42 phn hi

Vo nm 2005 khi tham gia mt forum mang tn http://vnechip.com ti c 2 bi vit: Lm g khi my tnh khng hnh khng ting v bi Hng dn s dng card test main. Nhng 2 bi ny tch ring v ch c gii thiu di bi mt lin kt l nu khng c th phi dng card test mainboard.

Va qua, lat bi vit chuyn v hng dn sa mainboard ca ti ch trng i tng l anh em KTV sa cha. Yu cu phi c kin thc in t c bn ti thiu th mi c ni. a phn l anh em qua ngh sa cha in t mi theo ni m thi. Nn hm nay, ti s bt u li t bi Hng dn s dng card test mainboard 2009 version ny vi m rng i tng n cc vc s khng chuyn v in t c th s dng tool ny phc v cho cng vic hoc nhu cu vc ca mnh. Ti khng qung co card test hay gii thiu di dng nh phin bn trc, hy t tm hiu thm bi vit c nh. Ti s i thng vo hng dn c th cch s dng. D nhin, mi ngi phi trang b 1 card test main ri, lai bnh thng gi khong 50k l c th mua c. C bn ti cc ca hng vi tnh hay khu vc Ch Nht To Tp. HCM hoc ln mng th thy qung co tm lum lun. Yu cu ti thiu cho card test ny: - C cc LED bo ngun chnh 5V, 12V, 3v3 < Ci ny cng khng quan trng lm, v khi thiu 1 trong cc mc ngun chnh ny b ngun lp tc cua ngay. a phn ti nhn cc n bo ngun ny xc nh card c tip xc tt vi khe cm PCI khng m thi. Cho nn nu card test khng c cng khng sao. V c bn nn c. - C LED bo CLK: < Bo hiu xung clock hat ng tt. - C LED RST: < n ny s sng ri tt bo hiu c xung reset. Xung ny rt quang trng v thng b mt khi mt trong cc yu t nh ngun cp hay xung clk trn main bi mt hoc thiu. - 2 hoc 4 LED 7 on bo m POST: < Ci ny l khng th thiu v n chnh l chc nng c bn nht ca Card test. Ngai ra, mt s card test lai mi c th s khng c hoc c thm mt s n bo khc nh: Frame/OSC, BIOS/IRDY, RUN - Do cc LED ny khng thng nht gia cc nh sn xut nn n s chy trn mt s mainboard v khng chy trn mt s mainboard khc. Nn 3 LED ny (tn th n 5 lai) tht ra gn nh 1, khi main chy th s sng hoc nhp nhy. - i vi cc bn mi tp tnh s dng th ch nn mua lai 2 LED 7 on v 8 hoc 9 LED bo ngun v chc nng l OK ri.

Dng ny l OK gi ch khong 50k VND thi. Cc hn ch ca lai card test main thng ny: Khng h tr cho cc dng main mi chipset t 9xx tr ln, main ECS, INTEL, GIGABYTE i mi c th khng nhn lun hoc bo m lung tung v dng cht cc m 26, C0, FF cho d main c chy hay khng chy. khc phc th phi mua card xn mc tin, s dng rnh i ri tnh tip. Tr li vi phn Hng dn s dng card test main 2009 Version Khi mt PC b khng hnh khng ting, d nhin i vi 1 bn c kinh nghim th s lm mt s thao tc nh chi RAM, chi card VGA, thay th CPU cui cng kt lun h main sau khi dng ht tt c cc php lai tr. < Dng ny rt nhiu, gn nh chim a s v c mt mu s chung l khng bit s dng card test main. Khi mt my tnh khng ln hnh n ch ti. Vic u tin l ti cng cm th ngun v bm power nghe coi c ting g khng??? Nu c ting BEEP th n gin ri ng khng? Nhiu bn c kinh nghim ch cn nghe ting BEEP ny l c th x l c ri. Mt trng hp c ting BEEP nhng c kinh nghim n u cng x l khng c l: My ku BEEP di (nghi li RAM), tho RAM ra th vn BEEP di, v sinh RAM cm vo li th ht BEEP di nhng vn khng ln hnh. Li ny c cc nguyn do sau:

- Li VGA (nu VGA onboard th cht chc), nu VGA ri th c kh nng li card VGA hoc mt ngun VGA trn main. - Li RAM - Li ng ngun RAM trn main. - Li buss RAM - Li chip Bc. Bn s rt kh khn khi xc nh li ny nu khng c card test main. C th bn s dng 1 thanh RAM khc v 1 card mn hnh khc loi tr. Nu dng card test main: Nu c ting BEEP th a phn l main + CPU chy: Li ch cn l RAM v VGA m thi, lc ny card test main s chy v hin s ln ri. Nu quan st thy card test main nhy s: C0, C1 D0, D1 EA 7F FF th 100% main + CPU + RAM chy hon ho vn khng ln hnh l do li VGA m thi. Th v sinh khe cm AGP, thay th AGP khc. Nu VGA On Board th chia bun lun. Nu Card Test Main hy s: C0, C1.. ri dng C5, C6 hay D5, D6, EA th li l do RAM, buss RAM, chip Bc. B qua kin thc v in t th ch cn thay th thanh RAM. Nu vn khng c th li c th do buss RAM hoc chip Bc. R rng trong trng hp ny nu khng c card test main th rt kh xc nh thnh phn no b li. Vy nu my khng c ting BEEP? Kinh nghim n u cng ch dng li cc bc: - Thay th ngun, RAM, CPU hoc em tng mn sang my khc m th cui cng sau gn 30 pht n 1 gi th kt lun h main. Nu dng card test main: Trc tin, ti s rt ht cc dy cp tn hiu v cp ngun ca tt c thit b. Ch cha li ng main + CPU + RAM + Card test Main. Bt my v quan st card test main. B qua trng hp h ngun ATX, v main khng kich c ngun v 2 trng hp ny 1 l thay ngun tt l lai tr c ngay. B qua lun trng hp kch ngun qut quay c cht xu ri tt v li ny 100% l do chp ngun main. Cn li l kch ngun, qut quay nhng khng beep, khng ln hnh.

Quan st Cc led trn card test main: - Cc LED bo ngun 5V, 12V, 3v3 thng l y , ch thu khi ta cm card khng tip xc tt m thi. < Kt lun b ngun ATX . - LED CLK: phi sng < C xung clock. Mt, b mt xung CLK. Kt lun main h. - LED RST: khi bt my s sng ri tt l OK. Nu khng sng lun hoc sng hai > Mt xung reset > Main h. Nu n sng ri tt th bm th nt reset nu n tip tc sng ri tt th xung reset OK. Quan st cc LED chc nng xong th tip theo l theo di cc LED 7 on (LED hin s): - Nu khng hin g: Main + CPU cha chy, hoc card test u khng support. CPU tt th li main. - Nu hin ngay FF hoc C0: vn nh trn: Main + CPU cha chy, hoc card test u khng support. CPU tt th li main. - Nu nhy C0, C1 hoc D0, D1: Li ny cng do main v CPU cha chy, nhng c th do ngun cp cho CPU khng n hoc main khng support CPU. - Nu card test bo lung tung (tt m li th bo li khc) a phn do li BIOS hoc card test u xut code l Rc khng c ngha g. - Nu card test bo 26: a phn l do card test u nn hin li sai. Thng gp main INTEL v GIGABYTE. - Card test bo 05, D6, C5 (ty lai BIOS) th li l do chnh BIOS. - Card test bo 7F: main chy, ln hnh, mn hnh ang dng ti thng bo bm F1 tip tc. Nu cm bn phm ri, nhn phm F1 th card test s nhy tip v bo FF l coi nh main OK. Nu vn cha ln hnh th li l do VGA m thi. Trn y l nhng m li thng dng nht, mun bit c th hn th phi xc nh BIOS ca hng no, i no ri tra bng chnh xc tng ng ca nh sn xut chip BIOS. C th tham kho cc bng tra ti:

Mainboard: Kim tra y vn cha chy


17-04-2009 | lqv77 | 64 phn hi

Vn ny ti cp trong bi vit Cc bc kim tra quan trng khi sa cha nhng nhiu bn vn thc mc v gi cu hi cho ti. Nn ti tch ra thnh 1 bi ring vy. Cc bc kim tra y ngha l:

1. Kch ngun c ( lun nt ps-on phi tt ngun). 2. C xung clock. 3. Cc ngun bao gm: 3.1 Ngun CPU: Vcore 3.2 Ngun RAM, buss RAM 3.3 Ngun chipset Bc, NAM, ngun AGP (nu c) 4. Xung reset OK (sng ri tt, kch nt reset phi sng ri tt)

n y m CPU cha chy, card test vn in re (card xn th s bo NO hoc 4 du - -) l CPU cha chy. Card u th s bo C0, FF hoc khng bo g. Nhiu bn s rt lng tng. Ta phn tch l thuyt cht xu: Chip NAM c bn hat ng v mch kch ngun c s tham gia ca chip NAM v c xung Reset th gn nh chip Nam OK. Mt cu chuyn rt ng quan tm nh sau: Mt bn (ti xin php du tn) kim tra n bc ny ri khng hiu ngh sao chip NAM ra p v cho rng chip NAM cha chy hoc chip NAM li nn CPU cha chy. Bn cho rng mnh c my o socket v ng Data t chipset Bc n CPU tt v my bo ng Data t chipset Bc n chip NAM b li - my bo vy th l chip NAM ra p cho chip NAM cht ti lun. Hu qu l sau khi p chip NAM xong, main t y chuyn sang trng thi mi khng kch c ngun < B tay vi bn ny. Ti cng b tay v khng hnh dung ra ci my cc k thng minh ca bn nh th no m xc nh c ng data t chipset Bc n socket l tt v ng data t chipset Bc n chipset Nam b li. Ti hi bn ti sao li chipset NAM ra p bn ni v my o ca bn rt chnh xc v v theo kinh nghim ca bn y l chip NAM cha chy. - B qua cu chuyn trn, tr li vn . S d ti ni chip NAM c bn hat ng v r rng mch kch ngun c s tham gia ca chip NAM, mch reset th cng c s tham gia ca chip NAM. Nu kch c ngun, c reset th c bn l chip NAM chy (cn chy c b li hay khng th s tnh sau). - Vn l ti sao CPU cha chy? Xem s sau:

- CPU chy th trc tin CPU phi tip xc tt vi socket v socket phi tip xc tt vi mainboard. Do mt s socket CPU khng phi dng chn cm xuyn qua mainboard m l lai chn gm nh dng chipset. - xc nh CPU c tip xc tt vi socket th ch cn cch nhn bng mt thng coi cc chn cpu v khe tip xc ca socket c tip xc tt hay khng. Nu l socket 478 th c th tho ming chp mu trng ra v sinh cc chn ng. Socket 775 th quan st k cc chn tip xc (rt d b vnh, gy chn).

- xc nh socket (lai chn gm) c tip xc vi main board hay khng (chn gm th c tri mi bit). Nh th khi ta mnh CPU c th tip xc tr li v CPU s chy. Nng th ta phi hp socket li cho cc chn ch tip xc li. Nng na th phi thay lun c socket (v socket khng th lm chn li nh chipset). - Bc ny, mt s trang web c gii thiu 1 thit b gi l test socket v theo ti th thit b ny nu c th s kim tra xem cc chn ca socket c tip xc tt vi mainboard hay khng m thi. Do ti cha c mua v test th nhng ti dm chc rng bn m ti nu trong v d trn ch c thit b test socket ny thi. M bn li ni my test ng data g g nghe mt hn. - V nguyn tc th thit b ny s cp ngun ring (c th l pin hoc adapter) ri thng qua socket tng chn s c ni tr so vi mass th s sng 1 led. Nu chn no khng tip xc vi main th ni tr l v cng v led s khng sng. < Kt lun, ch xc nh l cc chn ca

socket c tip xc tt vi mainboard hay khng m thi. Hon ton khng c vic ng data t chipset Bc n CPU l OK. Thit b ny ti ngh cty mua v test th coi thc s nh th no v ti s c bi review thit b ny sau. - Tr li bi, CPU tip xc tt vi socket, socket tip xc tt vi mainboard ri. Ngun Vcore cp cho CPU OK CPU s nng ln (ci ny phi test bng CPU ti gi v khi ta o trn ti gi l o trong chnh socket cn khi ta o cun dy vn cn bn ngai socket). Xung clock trn CPU ti gi, tn hiu power good trn CPU ti gi, xung reset trn CPU ti gi (u o bng CPU ti gi ht < Xin lu ch ny nh, nhiu v khng o ci ny m c chip ra m p ri li trch ti) Nu OK lun th cn li cng chnh l chipset Bc. - R rng ta thy chipset Bc ng gia v lm trung gian cho CPU v chip NAM m chip NAM chy, CPU chy (nng ln) th cn li ch c duy nht thng chipset Bc ny. Ti cp n trong bi ring v chipset Bc ri. Tuy nhin nhc li lun, cc ng mch n n chip Bc nu t th kh m nhn ra (quan st tht k mt s main c cc ng ni mch khng ph nh nh dng cu ch khi c s c th s gy t mch bo v chip Bc) c mt trn v mt di ca mainboard. Cc ng ny dn n CPU, RAM, AGP hoc VGA out v chipse NAM. - Nu gi s cc ng buss ny khng b t (t m mnh khng thy th cng b tay, hoc t mch bn cc lp trong th cng b tay) th vn cn li l li do chipset Bc. - Nh th ch b h, mnh s chy, hp chip Bc li s chy tt. Nng hn t, phi nh cho cc chn ch tip xc li, vn khng c th tho chip ra lm chn ng li, vn khng c th ch cn cch thay chip mi. Ni tm li: theo kinh nghim ca ring lqv77 ti th, nu c xung reset m card test cha nhy code m ch hin - th:

Test socket (dng tool test nh, t nhng vn b) Np th li BIOS (t nhng vn b) Lm chipset Bc (a s l b h chn chip Bc)

- Ni lun cho y , nu thay chip mi vn khng chy th chia tay sm bt au kh, lm n bc ny m khng chy th cao th no lm cho chy ni. Hoc gi ta b xt mt bc nh no, chu kh kim li th mt ln na nh. - Sau khi chip Bc OK, CPU s chy, lc ny card test main s phi chy thng th C0, C1 D0, D1E nu gng loa beep c th se c ting beep Nu code nhy lung tung th np li chip BIOS ri tnh tip. Nu c cht m 26 th chun b tin mua card test xn l va. Cn nu c C0 hoc FF hai th cng nn ngha n chuyn mua card test xn m xi.

Mainboard: Mch n p ngun cho RAM v AGP

17-04-2009 | lqv77 | 66 phn hi

1. Xc nh chn (Vcc) Ngun RAM ddr 1: 2V5

Trn hnh minh ha l cc chn c t o p Vcc cho Ram drr1. Nhng cho d nh, ti xin gi cc chn sau: - Chn s 7: tm chn s 1 (c ghi s 1 trn khe cm RAM) m n chn s 7. - Chn 184: tm chn s 184 (c ghi trn khe cm RAM) - Chn s 143: ring ti th dng chn 143 ny, v tr th t ngm chng cm ngc cch ra 1 khe khe bn tri (khe RAM dng ng) bn di l 143. u im l ti khi phi nh l chn s my. Ch cn cch ngm chng ngc 1 khe l OK. - Cc chn ngun cn li ca DDR1:

2. Xc nh chn (Vcc) ngun RAM ddr2: 1v8

- Ram DDR2 ny th th nhm mt lm theo cch ca ti (k ngm chng ngc u di bn tri) tc chn 184 l OK. Cn mi ngi thch nh cch sao th ty.

- Cc chn ngun khc ca RAM DRR2:

3. Xc nh chn (Vcc) ngun RAM ddr3: 1v5

- Ram DDR3 ny th cch ca ti vn ng (ngm chng ngc cch v 2 khe u di bn tri) tc chn 51 l OK. Cn mi ngi thch nh cch sao th ty. 4. Cch xc nh mosfet ngun RAM: - Ngun RAM thng c dng nh hnh sau:

- Nh vy chn S ca mosfet s ni thng n chn Vcc ca ngun RAM. Dng php o thng mch th ta c th xc nh c mosfet no l mosfet ngun RAM. Nh hnh minh ha di y:

5. Cc mch ngun RAM thng dng: - Sau khi xc nh mosfet ngun RAM th cn xc nh IC ngun RAM. Cc lai thng dng sau:

IC ngun RAM LT1575

IC ngun RAM W83310

IC ngun RAM W83310 (V n gin li)

IC ngun RAM LM324 Loi dng thm cun dy (nh ngun Vcore cho CPU): Loi ny ch cn o ngun RAM ti cun dy v o thng mch t cun dy n chn D mosfet gn xc nh mosfet. Hoc chn S (nu mch loi 2 mosfet nh hnh) .

IC ngun RAM ISL6225

IC ngun RAM: ISL6520

IC ngun RAM: APW7120

IC ngun RAM: FP6321

IC ngun RAM: RT9214

6. Kinh nghim sa cha mch ngun RAM: - Thc ra cc dng mch v IC n p cho RAM ta c th d thy trong cc mch n p cho chipset hay n p cho AGP Khc nhau ch n cp cho ci g v mc p cn l bao nhiu. V mch s cn chnh v thit k cho ra c p ng yu cu. - V vy vic sa cha cc mch n p ngun gn nh ging nhau. o mosfet, thay th IC ngun, thay cc t lc nu b ph hoc nghi ng b kh. Do ngun RAM dng khng cao bng CPU nn c th ly mosfet CPU thay cho RAM nhng ngc li th khng c v dng ca CPU rt cao. 7. Mch ngun cho AGP: - Phn tch tng t nh RAM, ch khc cch xc nh chn (Vcc) ngun m thi. Cch ca ti th lun ng.

- Mch th cng dng nh chipset, RAM nn khng c g ni. Cch xc nh mosfet ngun AGP cng nh RAM. 8. Kt lun v yu cu ca bi: - Phi bit xc nh c chn (Vcc) ca RAM hoc AGP. - a s main th mt ngun RAM cpu vn load v s pht ra ting tt di bo li RAM. Nhng cm RAM vo vn bo li. - Mt phn cn li th mt ngun RAM s gy mt xung Reset. (Khng sng ri t, hoc sng hai). - Nu bo li mn hnh xanh nh li RAM m RAM em qua my khc chy tt th kim tra li cc t lc ngun RAM c th b ph hoc kh gy tnh trng tng t nh li RAM. - Phn tch tng t vi ngun AGP.

Mainboard: Mch cp ngun cho chipset


05-04-2009 | lqv77 | 13 phn hi

VRM Mch cp ngun vcore cho CPU Mch cp ngun cho RAM Mch to xung clock Mch reset

Trn mainboard c 3 mch n p ngun chnh l VRM n p ngun cho CPU, ngun RAM v ngun cp cho chipset. Ngun cp cho CPU v RAM rt d xc nh v ngun CPU c th o qua cun dy lc ng ra. Cn RAM th o cc chn tng ng nh chn 143 ca DDR Cn ngun cp cho chipset th ch xc nh bng kinh nghim l ch yu.

- Theo s trn, chip Bc v chip Nam s dng cng lc rt nhiu ngun khc nhau. - Chip Bc: Dng ngun Vcore, Vcc RAM v dng thm ngun 1v5 v 1v8 - Chip Nam: Dng trc tip 5V, 3v3 v 5V STB tng ngun chnh v cng dng thm ngun 1v5 v 1v8. - Vy khi ni n ngun cho chipset t ch yu l ni n ngun 1v5 v 1v8 ny thi. Cch xc nh mch: - Nh nu trn th vic xc nh mch ngun cho chipset ch yu da vo kinh nghim l chnh. Sau y l vi kinh nghim:

- Mch n p cho hai Chipset thng nm trong khu vc gia hai Chipset. - Khi hot ng chn S thng c 1v5 n 1v8 - Mch thng s dng IC 8 chn iu khin Mosfet. - Mt s Mainboard i mi s dng ngun xung nh mch VRM ca CPU v vy mch c cc cun dy Lu : - Trn cc i Mainboard khc nhau s dng nhiu loi mch n p khc nhau. - Cc loi Chipset khc nhau s dng nhiu loi in p khc nha.

S nguyn l cc dng mch thng dng:

- y l dng mch tng qut thng gp nht h p v n p t 3v3 xung 1v5 hoc 1v8 cp cho chipset. Theo dng ny th nu ta o chn S c 1v5 hoc 1v8 th l mosfet ngun chipset.

Dng s dng IC LT1575

Dng dng IC LM324 (rt thng dng)

Dng 2 mch ni tip nhau (IC LM324)

Dng c cun dy v t lc nh mch Vrm (IC RT9214)

Lai dng ic n p c hi tip (IC LM1117)

Hnh dng mch v IC trong thc t Kinh nghim sa cha: - Khi kim tra cc mc ngun th ch cn o chn S cc mosfet khu vc gn cc chipset v gia 2 chipset. Nu c 1v5 hoc 1v8 l OK (i vi chip INTEL cn chip VIA, SIS, NVidia s khc cht xu) - Ty tng dng mch c th m phi phn tch tm cch sa ph hp. Quan trng nht l n thuc dng no. Xc nh ic no iu khin mosfet no v tm ic tng ng thay. - IC LM324 v LM1117 rt thng dng nn khi lo khng c chip thay. Vn dng c trong mch n p ngun RAM. - IC RT9214 l dng c lc C L nn c th o p ra nh mch Vrm ca CPU. C th thay tng ng bng APW7120. Dng ny thng thy mch n p ngun RAM.

Mainboard: Xung reset li thng gp v cch x l


05-04-2009 | lqv77 | 60 phn hi

Sau khi kim tra cc mc ngun cp trn main bo u tt, xung CLK cng tt th chng ta s quan tm n xung Reset. Vy xung reset l g ? - Rt nhu bn tc mc v iu ny, comments hoc post vo forum thm ch gi mail hi lqv77 ti vy xung reset l g? - d hnh dung ti c 2 v d:
1. Ni v nguyn ci my tnh trc nh: Khi ta bm nt power ON ca my tnh, trc tin my tnh s thc hin qu trnh POST (Power ON Salf Test) tm dch cc php kim tra c bn khi bt ngun 1 dng im danh ton b cc thit b khi gi n thit b no th thit b phi tr li c nu khng th n s gi mi v m tn ca n s hin hai trn card test hay cn gi l post card. Nu im danh xong th n s hin m FF trn card test v tin hnh load phn boot trong cng khi ng h iu hnh. Hi kh hiu, thi qua v d 2. 2. Ni vu v ci nh. Bn vo lp: lp trng s im danh trc gi hc. Lp trng gi ai ngi tr li c sau khi tt c u c th lp trng mi bo vi gio vin l tt c u < Ci ny chnh l xung reset sau cng pht ln trn card test. Cn nu lp trng ku tn thng V m thng V khng tr li, th l thng lp trng c ku V hai < Ci ny l dng n Reset sng hai v ta bit rng Lp cha v mch reset khng hon ho hay cn gi l mt xung reset. Cn nu thng lp trng ngh hc th rt d hiu n reset s khng sng v khng c thng im danh ly ai tr li, ly ai bo co < Mt xung reset.

- Tr li vi mainboard: khi mch reset im danh tt c cc thnh phn trn main, nu c thnh phn no khng tr li th n reset s sng hai -> Mch reset li. Cn tt c u th n reset s sng ri tt -> Mch OK. Cn n khng sng th 100% mch reset b hng. Cch kim tra xung Reset:

Quan st n Reset trn card test. Nu n sng ri tt l mch reset tt. Khi ta cn xc nh li bng cch nn nt reset nu n cng sng ri

tt khi ta th nt reset l mch reset h thng tt. Cn n reset khng sng hoc n reset sng hai th cng u l mch reset b li. Li thng gp: Vy li ca mch reset ny l mt tn hiu reset: c hai trng hp n reset khng sng hoc n reset sng hai u l mt tn hiu reset. Cch x l: - Cn nh l chng ta kim tra tt c cc mc ngun cp cho mainboard v xung clock tt ri mi kim tra xung reset ny. - Sau y l cc nguyn nhn dn n mt xung reset:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Jumper CLEAR CMOS khng cm vo Main <- Ci ny l lng nhch nht Mt ngun 1,8V cp cho Chipset Mt ngun 1,5V cp cho Chipset Hng mch n p cho RAM hoc cho Card AGP Hng mch Clock Gen (cha c xung Clock) Cha gn CPU vo Mainboard mch VRM khng hot ng Mch VRM c s c (mt p Vcore) Li chipset NAM.

- R rng, nguyn nhn th nht tht lng nhch. Cn cc nguyn nhn t 2 n 7 l thuc v cc bc kim tra ngun. Ch cn li chipset NAM. V vy nu mt xung reset th kim tra Jumper Clear Cmos, kim k li cc mc p ngun, cn li l chipset NAM. - Kinh nghim thc t th a phn l do chipset NAM (v mnh phi kim ngun t bc trc, cn jumper clr cmos th phi kim tra ngay t u). CHo nn phi Hp li chip, chip, lm li chn hoc thay chip khc.

Mainboard: Cc bc kim tra quan trng khi sa cha


05-04-2009 | lqv77 | 94 phn hi 1. Kim tra mch kch ngun: - a s main u khng cn CPU (tr mt s main INTEL l bt buc phi c CPU mi kch c ngun). - Nu kch ngun khng c th tho gic 12V (4pin) ra kch th nu c th vn 100% nm mch VRM b chm chp. - Kch p: nu li ch l mosfet o hay g nh, kc p s chy bnh thng. Kch p m cng khng c th chm chp nng ri . - o 5V (hoc 2v5>5V) ti pin PS-ON. Nu mt: D Pin PS-ON -> Chip NAM hay SIO. Vo thng no p

thng . (Nu chip NAM th kim ngun v thay th thch anh ca chip na nh) - D mosfet o (hoc IC o): chn xanh -> (qua) cng o (hay trc tip)-> SIO ; p cng o hoc SIO.

H hng chnh: cht mosfet o, li SIO, li chip NAM. 2. Xung clock: s chy ngay khi kch c ngun m cha cn cm CPU, Kim tra CLK v sa ngay bc 2 ny. Thng ch kh li, thay thch anh v thay IC clock l ht bi. 3. Kim tra cc mc ngun: - Vcore; mch VRM < Quan trng v di dng nn khng nu thm. - Ngun RAM < Quan trng th 2 sau Vcore. - Ngun chipset NAM, BC, AGP < Quan trng th 3 nht l pan nng chip do ngun cp cho chip sai. 4. Xung reset: - Thng th xong vic kim tra ngun th phi c reset nu khng ch cn chip NAM. Hp, , lm li chn hoc thay. 5. tt c m vn khng boot, card test cha chy: - Ch cn socket CPU v chip Bc < Li ny 10 cao th cht ht 10 - Phi p socket trc (tho np v sinh, hp socket) - K p chip Bc (Hp, , lm li chn, thay) < Cc v kh nht (ch yu do thiu tool).

6. BIOS: - Thc ra pan bios ch nm cui cng thi nhng v bc 5 th qu chua nn mi ngi hay lm bc 6 ny trc hy vng chp m c.

Kt lun: - Kh nhiu ngi vng bc 5. nh chu ht bi ri th tr thi. Mnh thua em ra thng khc cng thua thi ng lo tr phi ch no tool v iu kin lm. Ni thit lm ban bc

5 ny chua hn gim. Chng hng th mi chu lm ch khng th . - Trn y l bi bn x l nhng bnh bnh thng ca mainboard thi. nhng bnh l dng khng khng, chp chn, kh hiu th dnh cho mi ngi t nghin cu (m m). - Trn nguyn tc l cn bit cch no th c th c th. - Nhng chiu nh nht nh tho pin, clear cmos (i khi khch lm mt ci jum CLR CMOS cng lm main khng chy). Tho bios ra khi socket co sch chn hay tm vi m, thm ch ch t mch mt cht xu th nhng ngi th c kinh ngim u lm ri nn ti khng nhc lm g.

Mainboard: Mch to xung clock cc li thng gp v cch x l


04-04-2009 | lqv77 | 27 phn hi

Cch nhn dng:


Mch gm 1 IC Clock v mt Thch anh 14.3 i km. Ch cn tm c Thch anh 14.3 th IC bn cnh chnh l IC clock.

Nhim v:

Thch anh 14,3MHz to ra dao ng chun l 14,3 MHz, sau cc mch to xung Clock s ly dao ng chun t thch anh ri nhn vi mt t l nht nh to ra cc tn s xung Clock khc nhau cung cp cho cc thnh phn ca Mainboard.

Li thng gp:

Mt xung clock dn n mainboard hon ton t lit. Khi mt xung clock kich ngun qut quay my khng boot.

Cch kim tra:

Sau khi kim tra cc mc ngun chnh trn mainboard nh Vcore, ngun RAM, AGP, chipset Bc, NAM th quan st n CLK. Nu n sng th mch xung clock tt. Lu : Hin nay trn th trng c 3 loi card test mainboard c n CLK (bo ng) l PTi6 (bn mi nht), PTi8 (bn mi nht) v PTi9. C 3 loi ny u hin th li thng qua mn hnh LCD. Tuy nhin, gi ca 3 loi card ny cn kh cao. Gi tham kho ln lt l 300.000vnd, 1.000.000vnd v 500.000vnd. Loi Pti8 th Test c cho c laptop qua c 2 loi ng cm wireless to v nh. Thm: 2 loi card PTi6 v PTi8 phin bn c khng c n CLK.

Cch x l:

Hn, Kh li IC clock. Thay th thch anh 14.3 (phi ng 14.3) Thay IC clock (phi ng s hiu)

Nu sau khi x l, kim tra li thy n CLK sng l mch to xung clock hat ng tt. Lu khi thay IC Clock: Tn IC Clock hnh di y l ICS 952603DF (hng cui cng) nh.

Li nng cao: - Trn thc t, xung clock c khe PCI (n clk sng) cha hng c xung clock n tan b cc b phn trn mainboard nh: CPU, chipset Bc, Nam, sound, LAN

- Vic kim tra xung clock ti cc v tr khc yu cu phi c my hin sng v th c kinh nghim mi kim tra c. - Phn ny cc cao th t nghin cu nh.

Mainboard: Mt ngun Vcore v cch x l


28-03-2009 | lqv77 | 49 phn hi

y l li thng gp nht (Chim gn 70-80%) khi mt mainboard b h. Nm r cch x l li ny l gn nh sa c mainboard. Xem thm bi Mch cp ngun cho CPU ti cp n vn ny. Trong bi vit ny, ti s hng dn thm nhng bc kim tra c th hn. Trong bi vit trc ti trnh by cch kim tra ngun Vcore. Khi nu gng CPU vo v o ti u cun dy ng ra ca mch. Nu =0V th c 2 kh nng. 1 CPU khng tip xc tt, khng c support hoc mch logic VID c vn . Cch tt nht kim tra mch Vrm c hat ng hay khng l dng 1 CPU ti gi cm v th o check point lun cho chc n. Nhiu trng hp gng CPU thit mch khng chy nhng gng CPU ti gi th mch chy. V CPU ti gi cu VID trc tip > Vcore = 1.75V

Trc tin cn xc nh IC giao ng v IC driver l nhng IC no. Nu c kinh nghim th nhn vo bit ngay. Nhng cc bn mi th hi kh khn t.

Xem li mch l thuyt hnh dung mch.

Theo s mch ny th ti ng ra l cun dy s c 1 ng hi tip v IC giao ng. Nn ta s dng cch o tr khng t u cun dy n chn cc IC xung quanh. S tm c chnh xc IC giao ng. Xem hnh minh ha.

xc nh thm chnh xc, cn tra thng tin datasheet con IC va tm c (cch trc y ti thng lm cho n khi nhn l bit con no l con no) v kt lun n c phi l IC giao ng ngun Vcore hay khng. Datasheet ca mt s IC iu xung, driver cp ngun cho CPU: - ADP3110 ADP3180 - ADP3181 - ADP3188 - ADP3163 ADP3168 ADP3198 ADP3416 ADP3418 ADP3421

- FAN5019 - FAN5090 - ISL6316 - ISL6556 - ISL6561 - ISL6566 - RT9241 RT9245 RT9600 RT9603 RT9602 Nu mt ngun Vcore m vn kch c ngun th a phn l do cht IC giao ng hoc ic driver. Tm v thay th cc IC ny. Cn li l mosfet b t mi ni, phi tho tng con ra o th mi bit c. Xem thm bi: C bn v mosfet. Nu t b ph hoc kh th mch ch khng hon ho thi (kn CPU hoc khi nhn khi khng) ch khng mt hn Vcore nh trng hp ny.

Mainboard: Kch ngun qut quay, my khng boot, khng ln hnh


26-03-2009 | lqv77 | 86 phn hi

y l li thng gp nht mainboard. V mt trong cc thnh phn trn main h u dn n tnh trng nh trn. Trong trng hp ny tr th c lc nht chnh l Card Test Mainboard. Cn tang b mt card test h tr nhiu i main, bo li chnh xc (mt s card b li C0, C1, D0, D1 v nht l ti m 26 trong khi mainboard vn chy bnh thng < Nu gp lai card ny th kh lng m sa c main cho tt c). Xem thm cc bi vit v card test main trn BLOG ca lqv77 ti (Bi 1 2 3). Bc 1: Kim tra ngun cp cho CPU (Vcore) - kim tra, tt nht l trang b 1 CPU ti gi. Khi gn CPU ti gi vo nu mch cn chy lp tc s c mc ngun Vcore ti u cun dy ngay. Mt s trng hp dng CPU thit mch vn khng chy. Nn ti khuyn l nn dng CPU ti gi. Thm vo trn lng CPU ti gi cn c check point ca cc mc p chun o kim tra ngay nh Vcore, PG_good, Reset - Chi tit v mch ny ti c bi vit: Mch cp ngun cho CPU. Trong bi vit ny ti ch hng dn thm cch kim tra v gi cch sa cha cho mch ny m thi.

- Hnh trn l s mch cp ngun cho CPU. Mch gm 1 IC to xung (iu xung) 1 IC o pha (c khi 2 IC ny nhp thnh 1) L1 l cun dy ng v. Hai mosfet (c khi l 3 mosfet) kt hp vi 1 cun dy (L2 nh hnh) s to ra 1 pha cho p Vcore cp cho CPU. V c bao nhiu cun dy ng ra th s c by nhiu Pha. Ta ch lu : p ra o c ngay ti u ra ca cun dy chnh l Vcore (khong 1V2 -> 1V5 ty theo CPU).

- y l 1 s mch thc t gm 3 pha. 1 IC to xung, 3 IC o pha, 6 mosfet, 3 cun dy ng ra. Nh hnh th ta thy 3 u cun dy u chung nn d thy p ti y s bng nhau.

- Nu o ti u cun dy c 1V2 -> 1V5 th coi nh mch Vcore chy v CPU phi nng ln. - Nu mt p ti y th CPU s khng chy v mainboard s han tan khng chy (a s mainboard h ch ny). - V vy: khi mainboard khng chy vic u tin l Kim tra p Vcore.

Mainboard: Kch ngun khng c, qut khng quay


25-03-2009 | lqv77 | 86 phn hi

Nn xem bi: Chip cu NAM v Chip SIO trc khi xem bi ny. Mch kch ngun cho mainboard Cc thnh phn ca mch:

Chn Power On (mu xanh l cy) ca gic cm 20pin / 24pin ca b ngun ATX cm ln mainboard. Ngun 5V STB (dy tm cp trc). Ngun 3V3 STB c h p t 5V STB (o chn A14 Khe PCI) Cng tc Power On ni vi 2 pin Power ON trn panel pin. Chip SIO. Chip cu NAM, Thch anh 32M cho chip NAM. Mosfet o hoc IC m (nu c).

Mch c 3 dng chnh:

Khi cha kich ngun (cha bm cng tc):

Chn Xanh l phi c t 2.5 -> 5V Ngun 5V STB; dy tm phi c 5V Ngun 3V3 STB (chn A14 khe PCI) phi c 3V3. 2 Pin kt ni vi nt Power On trn thng my phi c mt chn t 2.5V -> 5V. Chip SIO v Chip cu NAM khng nng

Khi kch ngun (bm nt cng tc):


Chn xanh l = 0V. Ngun 5V STB vn 5V Ngun 3V3 vn 3V3 Chip Nam hi m ln t.

Li thng gp: Mainboard Kch ngun khng c. Nguyn nhn v cch x l: Bc 1: o dy tm 5V STB phi c v . Nu st xung ~4.5V hoc thp hn l c vn . Rt dy ngun ra khi main, kch ngun ri o li th nu 5V m cm vo Main m ch cn 4V5 hoc thp hn l c chm mch. Nu chm mch th kim tra mch n p 3V3 STB cp trc (s c bi vit ring), chip SIO, chip Nam, chip LAN, Sound (nu c). Mt trong cc chip va nu m chm th s khng kch c ngun. Nu chip LAN hoc Sound chm (r phng tay) th x b trc (khng nh hng n hot ng ca main). Bc 2: Kim tra ngun 3V3 cp trc ti chn A14 khe cm PCI (hng trn ct th 14 t tri sang Xem hnh minh ha)

Mch n p 3V3 ny thng dng 1 IC n p 3v3 h 1117 hoc h 1084, 1085, 1086. Thng thy nht vn l 1117. Chn 3 vo 5V STB, chn 2 ra ng 3V3. Cc main i c th khng dng IC m dng mch vi 1 vi mosfet hoc transistor n p.

Nu mt 3V3 ti chn 2 th x ra o ni tr IC v mch. Nu ni tr v tr chn 2 ~0 m th 99% chm chip Nam. Bc 3: o ngun kch 5V ps-on (c th thp hn cht xu khng sao) ti chn PS-ON (2 chn cm ni vi cng tc ngun 1 chn l ps-on 1 chn ni mass xem hnh).

Nu mt 5V ti chn ps-on ny th kim tra xem chn ny i vo chip no? SIO hay chip Nam > chip h mch hoc li. - D mch (thang o m x1) chn kch PSON v chip SIO. Nu c tr khng ~0 m -> Dng 3: Chn kch PS-ON do SIO qun l - Trng hp cn li l: Chn kch PS-ON do chipset NAM qun l Bc 4: Kim tra xem c mosfet o hay khng?

- D mch (thang o m x1) chn Xanh l v cc chn chip SIO. Nu khng c tr khng ~0 m -> c mosfet o hoc ic m - dng ny: Chn xanh l khng vo trc tip chip SIO m phi qua mt mosfet o (hoc IC m). Thng th mosfet ny (hoc IC m) cht dn n khng kch c ngun. Tm ra mosfet o ny thay l OK. Trng hp khc mosfet o b chp D-S th my c lun trong trng thi chy bt ngun t chy, hoc shutdown xong tip tc chy. < Trng hp ny cng thng gp. Bc 5: Kim tra xem chip NAM c b nng khng (lc cha kch ngun)

Nu cp ngun vo (cha kch ngun) m chip NAM lp tc nng rang th 100% cht chip NAM.

Bc cui cng:

Cn li l h chn chip NAM, li chip NAM hoc li chip SIO. Vi trng hp ring do hng thch anh giao ng ca chip NAM (thay th). Hai t pi ni t 2 chn thch anh b r > X b th lun nh. Nu chip SIO li: h chn th hn li hoc li th thay lun. Nu chipset Nam li: th Hp li chip, khng c th tho chipset ra lm chn ng v li, vn khng c th thay chipset khc.

Mainboard: Bios Rom cc li thng gp v cch s l


25-03-2009 | lqv77 | 36 phn hi

BIOS Basic I/O System H thng xut nhp c bn Cch nhn bit: - Hnh dng thng thng:

- Hnh ch nht c vt 1 gc gm 32 chn, gn trong mt sc kt (nh hnh) hoc hn dnh vo mainboard.

- Lai i mi: dng flash; chip dn 8 chn

Hoc chip 8 chn ghim bnh thng:

Nhim v: - Giao tip mc c bn nht vi ngi dng t lc bt cng tt cho n lc h iu hnh bt u c load vo b nh m ta gi l BOOT. - Cho php thit lp cc cu hnh nh: chn a khi ng, chnh ngy gi h thng, t mt khu bo v Cc li thng gp: - Chip BIOS li s gy ra li kich ngun quay, my khng boot c. Li ny ch xc nh khi kim tra cc li v ngun v CPU xong. - Bo li: Bios check sum error, Cch x l: - Nu ln hnh m bo li l do ht pin nui CMOS hoc ci t trnh CMOS setup sai. - Li khng boot (ngai li ngun v CPU ra) th cn np li chip BIOS.

Mainboard: Cch np li BIOS ROM


24-02-2009 | lqv77 | 67 phn hi

Qua lot bi vit Hng dn sa mainboard v Ti liu mainboard ton tp nhiu bn hi ti ti sao khng c bi Hng dn np li BIOS. Qu tht l c thiu st. Nhng khng phi l

khng c l do. Trc tin phi ni n vic, nu chng ta mun t mnh np li BIOS ROM th phi chun b g. 1. Dng c np BIOS ROM: y l ci kh khn nht v ta khng th ch dng phn mm l c th Np li BIOS ROM m cn phi c tools. Ti mun cp n My np ROM. My np ROM th c 2 loi chnh, loi ca Vit Nam sn xut v loi nhp khu do Nc ngoi sn xut (C ngun gc i Loan, Trung Quc). 1.1 Loi ca Vit Nam do cng ty Thin Minh (http://www.tme.com.vn) thng ch khim tn gi l Kt Np a nng.

Theo TME th kt ny np c n 1500 Loi ROM khc nhau (??? Ci ny TME ni nha) v phin bn mi nht (thi im ti vit bi ny) gi bn 950.000 (Cha tnh ph bu phm) v c th chp c loi chp flash 8 pin (chn to). Hnh nh loi chp dn 8 chn khng thy nhc n. Phin bn mi hn ca TME l PCB50-Pro:

Bn ny ch yu tch hp Adapter32 chn loi nhng khi ly IC ra, loi c phi ny mi ly c IC ra. Gi 1.300.000 (hi b cao). Y chang loi ny www.dientuminhtan.com bn gi 750.000 (cht lng tui khng bit nha)

u im kh ni bt ca Kt ny l: gi r, ph hp vi ti tin ca cc dch v, ca hng nh hoc ngi mi v ngh. Nhc im: Ch support c cc loi chip nht nh v khng ng hp nn rt d lm hng bo mch do phi tip xc trc tip vi mi trng v s va chm trc tip ln linh kin. 1.2 Loi nhp khu:

Hnh ti minh ha trn l do hng Xeltek sn xut. Model 580U gi khong $580 (gi ca TME lun). Loi my ny th chuyn nghip hn, support hu ht cc loi Flash ROM hin hnh t u a VCD, DVD, MP4, TIVI, LCD cho ti PC mainboard, Laptop, VGA card cc ni chuyn sa laptop u phi trang b mt my loi ny. u im: chuyn nghip, chuyn dng, support hu ht cc loi ROM, flash hin hnh. Nhc im: kh c tin, khng thch hp vi cc ca hng nh hay ngi mi v ngh. 1.3 Loi trung bnh: Mt loi My np a nng thng dng khc l Top2009 gi hin ti l 2.600.000: khc phc nhc im ca TME nhng gi mm hn my ca Xeltek. Giao tip USB rt thun tin. Ch yu lm tt cho main PC, tivi, u dvd, du k thut s Hn ch l support rt t bios cho laptop. Support list: http://www.topwin6.com/DeviceList/device2009.txt

2. File.bin cha m chng trnh dng np v chip ROM BIOS: Khi c my np ri, th vic tip theo l phi c file.bin cha m chng trnh np v chip BIOS ROM. File.bin ny ta s tm thy trn cc trang Web ca hng sn xut mainboard. n c v d: ti c mainboard Asus P4RDS1-MX ti vo trang http://www.asus.com vo mc download v chn c ng loi mainboard, kiu socket gn CPU, model, BIOS ti c danh mc cc file BIOS nh sau: http://support.asus.com/download/download.aspx?SLanguage=en-us Ti chn file mi nht v ti v: P4RD1-MX BIOS version 0302 Ti download v c file: P4RD1-MX-ASUS-0302.zip Sau khi UnZIP ti c file: P4RD1-MX-ASUS-0302.ROM (Kch thc 512KB) y chnh l file.bin ca main board Asus P4RDS1-MX Nu bn khng c my np ROM th cng copy file ny v nh ai hoc mang ra ch (Nht To Tp.HCM, Ch Tri HN) nh ngi ta chp h. Vic chp ROM ch tn chng vi pht nhng vic tm c file.bin trn mng i khi mt vi ngy. Do , theo ti tm c file .bin quan trng hn. 3. Chun b chip ROM: i vi mainboard c socket cm chip ROM (nh hnh) Ta c th dng ny nh tho ra.

i vi loi hn dnh ln mainboard th phi dng my kh nhit tho ra.

i vi mainboard i mi nht hin nay chip BIOS thuc loi flash v dn IC dn 8 chn kch thc khonh 5mm (xem hnh). Tht bun ci khi mt bn ni vi ti mang thng my ra ca hng nh th kim tra dm c li BIOS th np li. 1 ri 3 ngi th xm li cui cng kt lun khng bit BIOS l chip no (Xem bi trong forum ca ti http://lqv77.com/forum/). Ti nghe xong cng b tay. Xem thm hnh minh ha loi flash BIOS i mi.

Hai chip di chnh l dng flash BIOS. Hin nay th Kit np ca TME cha np c cho loi flash BIOS ny. Nu chip ROM (or flash) b li th phi chun b mt chip khc thay th. Chip ch cn gng s hiu m khng cn ging hng sn xut.

4. Vn tng thch gia file.bin v chip ROM (or flash): Cc file.bin thng dng hin nay c kch thc 128kb, 256kb, 384kb, 512kb, 1024kb tng ng vi chip ROM (or flash) 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M, 8M. Xem bng tra [Ti y] n v tnh ca cc chip khi ta tra cu datasheet th c tnh bng MegaBit, cn cc file .bin lu trn my th tnh bng KyloByte. Theo cch tnh chun chuyn i th 1 byte = 8 bit (ci ny thuc v rt c bn, khng gii thch). Tng ng: 128kb = 128 x 8 KyloBit = 1024 Kylo Bit = 1 Mega Bit 256kb=256 x 8 KyloBit = 2 x 1024 Kylo Bit = 2 Mega Bit Ch yu l nu file bin v chip ROM (or flash) khng tng ng th s khng np c vo. 5. Sao lu chip BIOS ROM (or flash) hin ti: Nu bn c My np ROM th bn ch cn thp chip ROM ra v a v my dng chc nng READ c v lu ra thnh file.bin dnh.

Ngoi ra bn c th dng phn mm (a s chy trn nn DOS) nh UNI Flash 1.4 c tch hp sn trong a Hirent BOOT. 6. Thc hin np ROM: Sau khi chun b y cc tool cn thit trn d nhin l vic n gin cn li l cch s dng my np th vui lng c k hng dn s dng Km my trc khi dng.

y ti ch gi vi nt nh: Bn phi chn ng loi ROM mnh s np vo, load file.bin cn np ri phi xa trng chip ROM trc ri nhn nt Program np. Cc thao tc ny s khc nhau trn cc loi my khc nhau nhng c bn vn vy.

Mainboard: Chip SIO cc li thng gp v cch x l

25-03-2009 | lqv77 | 44 phn hi

Chip Super I/O vit tt l SIO Cch nhn bit: - Hnh ch nht, khong 4 cm vung trn c ch ITE, Winbond, SMSC nh hnh;

Trnh nhm ln chip SIO vi chip LAN onboard (c cng kich thc nhng thng i km mt thnh anh 25.000) mt s t chip sound onboard cng c cng kch thc nhng t thy hn. Thng dng nht vn l 3 loi chip ny nn cng t nhm ln. Nhim v: - Kt hp vi chipset NAM qun l vic kch ngun v tt ngun cho main. - Qun l bn phm, chut, FDD, LPT.

Cc li thng gp: - Khng kch c ngun (rt ph bin) tuy nhin vn cn ph thuc vo chip NAM v c khi c thm mosfet o hay IC damper bn ngoi. - Chp chn Reset li lin tc (nh li RAM) tt nht khi gp th nn v sinh tht k hn li chn SIO trc khi kim tra tip n cc thnh phn khc.

- Khng nhn cc thit b nh keyboard, mouse, FDD, LPT. Mt s trng hp do chm cc t lc nhiu gn cc cng keyboard, mouse ch cn x b cc t ny l OK. Cch x l: - Li khng kch ngun th s c bi phn tch ring, y khi xc nh li chip SIO th s hn li chn, kh li chn, hoc thay chip mi. - Hn li chn SIO ch yu cho nha thng long vo dng m hn dng dao vut u trn cc hng chn. Nhit ca u m hn + nha thng long s lm cc mi hn tip xc tt hn. - Mt s ngi th thch dng my kh nhit thay v m hn dng dao. Cch lm ny cng tng t nhau. Vn phi dng nha thng long kt hp nhit ca my kh. Tuy nhin s khc th vn dng c 2 cch coi nh an tm hn. - Khi thay SIO, tho b u chp ca my kh (dng trc tip u ln) o u u kh trn lng chip trnh tp trung 1 ch qu lu d gy cht chip. Dng cng thp tho IC xuyn qua 2 hng chn chip ri nng nh chip ln khi ch va chy. Khi tho chip SIO quan trng nht l ng lm cng cc chn, khi lc hn li vo main s cc hn. - Nu thay SIO, phi lu ng s hiu, m code trn lng. i khi ch khc bit nh cng khng tng thch v lm mainboard hon ton khng hot ng. S t trng hp thay khc s cht nh vn chy nh thng, nhng rt t.

Mainboard: Chip cu Nam nhng li thng gp v cch x l


23-03-2009 | lqv77 | 42 phn hi

Chip cu NAM South Bridge Chip (I/O Control Hub: ICH) Cch nhn dng: - Ln th nh trn main (ch thua Chip cu Bc) - C 2 chip ln, chp th nht l cu Bc th chip cn li l chip cu NAM.

Dng chip NAM thng dng Nhim v: - Qun l v giao tip vi cc thnh phn nh: cc khe PCI, giao tip USB, chip Sound, chip LAN, BIOS ROM, chip SIO (Ring SIO s qun l: Keyboard, mouse, FDD, COM, LPT)

Li thng gp:

- Khng kch c ngun (thng gp nht). Kt hp vi chip SIO s iu khin mch ngt, m ngun. - Mt xung reset (rt thng gp) - Chp chn, khng nhn, hoc nhn m khng chy cc thit b nh USB, HDD, CD, khe cm PCI Cch x l: - Ring li khng kich ngun s c 1 bi ring, tuy nhin sau khi xc nh li l do chip NAM th cch x l s tng t nh chip Bc. l hp li chp, chip, lm chn li hoc thay chip mi.

Mainboard: chip cu Bc cc li thng gp v cch x l


22-03-2009 | lqv77 | 29 phn hi

Chip cu Bc Northbridge: Hay cn gi l Memory Controller Hub (MCH). Cch nhn dng:

Chip ln nht trn Mainboard. Thng c gn thm 1 ming tn nhit. Nm gn CPU v RAM.

Hnh dng thc t:

Nhim v:

Lin lc gia cc thit b CPU, RAM, AGP hoc PCI Express, v chip cu nam. Mt vi loi cn cha chng trnh iu khin video tch hp, hay cn gi l Graphics and Memory Controller Hub (GMCH) hay VGA onboard.

Li thng gp:

Khng nhn dng CPU (CPU khng chy, tng t nh h socket CPU) Khng nhn RAM (Trng hp ngun RAM ): khng gng RAM th loa Beep ko di gng RAM v th khng beep na hoc beep lin tc. Khng nhn VGA (trng hp ngun AGP hoc PIC-E ) (hoc mt VGA onboard) Card Test Main bo code 25 hoc 26 (d nhin l card lai tt nh, card test dm th main mi mi th c bo li 26 bt c l chy hay b li g cng 26). Chm, cht chip Bc: Rt d kim tra thng qua cc t lc ngun trn lng. Li ny bt buc phi thay. Phi c my hn chip BGA chuyn dng th mi thao tc c. i vi laptop th vic ny rt bnh thng, nu bn mun sa laptop OK th nn luyn lm chip trn mainboard PC cho tht OK th s t tin khi lm vi laptop.

H cc chn bi BGA: rt thng xy ra vi mainboard laptop s dng trn 1 nm. Nh th c th hp li nhng tt nht nn x ra, lm li chn bi BGA v ng li. i vi mainboard laptop, nn li phn tn nhit cho chip th s ko di thi gian ti bnh hn.

Cch x l:

Khng nhn dng CPU (Card Test hin C0, FF hoc khng hin g): c th do h socket ( mnh th th chy) v sinh socket, hp li socket (nu dng chn gm). Tt c 3 li thng gp nu trn u phi hp li chip Bc hoc tho chip Bc ra lm chn ng v li hoc phi thay chip Bc khc.

Mainboard: C bn cho ngi bt u


22-03-2009 | lqv77 | 26 phn hi

Sau thi gian tm ti v nghin cu ti cng c vi bi vit v mainboard nh: hng dn sa main, mch cp ngun CPU, card test mainboard k l s xut hin hng lot cc bi vit c copy t hocnghe.com.vn Theo ti, copy v nghin cu v chia s cho mi ngi cng nghin cu. Nhn thy ti liu ca hocnghe.com.vn cng kh y v d hiu nn ti khng edit g v open nguyn xi ln mi ngi tham kho. Sau mt thi gian, nhng ngi tip thu th tip thu cn li a phn u c chung mt suy ngh khng hiu g c D hiu v tip thu c cc kin thc trong mn Sa cha mainboard ny yu cu kin thc tt thiu phi qua lp in t cn bn < Nu nm chc in t cn bn th vic tip thu s tt hn. Nhng nu bi bn hn, cn phi qua thm lp Sa cha b ngun ATX. V b ngun l khi u ca mi thit b in t. Hc in t th ti thiu phi bit sa ngun. V ring phn ngun trong mi thit b in t chim n 70% s h hng. iu ny cng ng vi mainboard, LCD ni ring v my vi tnh, laptop ni chung. Nhng bn mun hc tht nhanh x l cc pan thng dng ca Mainboard v cng mun qua lp Sa b ngun ATX th cng OK. Hi kh t nhng cng rng th s c. T y v sau, ti s vit lot bi ny dnh cho ngi bit in t c bn. Coi nh l yu cu u tin. Nu mun bn c th download ti liu v t nghin cu thm nh: http://lqv77.com/category/dien-tu-co-ban/ Hoc:

http://lqv77.com/2009/01/02/dien-tu-co-ban-toan-tap/ Yu cu th hai: bn phi tng l k thut vin phn cng. l phi bit lp rp, ci t, bo tr, nng cp bit sng tng linh kin xc nh linh kin no h v quan trng nht l xc nh c chnh xc mainboard b h. Gi : trong vi tnh cch n gin nht xc nh l loi tr. Nu nghi ng thnh phn no h th thay th thnh phn lai tr v tng t n khi kt lun > Main h Ch khng bit mainboard c h hay khng th b tay. Khng th Hc sa mainboard c ri. Xong 2 yu cu. By gi l phn chun b ngh: - ng h o vn nng (tn theo cch ku Hn Vit nghe d qu) C th dng ng h kim l OK nht. C bn li d minh ha. Lai thng gi c 150k l dng c. Xem thm bi hng dn s dng nu cn nh: http://lqv77.com/2009/02/15/co-ban-su-dungdong-ho-vom/ - M hn in 40W: Lai tt ca Nht gi 120k, lai thng ca Trung Quc gi 30k. (Tin no ca ny nh)

- My hn hi (my kh nhit): Ci ny rt cn v linh kin trn main nu ch dng m hn bnh thng tho v gn rt vt v. Gi tham kho lai trung bnh l 590k: xem thm topic http://lqv77.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=226

Card Test Mainboard: rt quan trng, khng th thiu. Hin c rt nhiu lai, thng vng h cm. Ti c nhiu bi vit v lai card ny ri. y ch gi gi tham kho thi. Lai r tin t 40k 62k ty ni bn (trn mng rao y) lai ti ang xi l 30$. Hng ti phi t mua trc tip t Thm Quyn Trung Quc. C mt vi lai hnh dng tng t tuy nhin lai ti dng chnh xc nh hnh bn trn Model: PT090C. Model PT090 cng hng l lai c hn (PT090, PT090A, PT090A+ ri mi n PT090C) tn nng khng bng v PT090C ny l lai mi nht fix thm nhiu li nh li Code 26, support chipset Intel 9xx, Main Gigabyte, Intel, ECS i cao - Link tham kho ca nh sn xut: http://www.hddtool.net/product.asp?id=880

- My th linh tinh khc: nha thng long, ch hn, dy rt ch, nc ra thiu g mua ny k mt qu. C bn l nh vy trc: thc hnh tho, x v ng linh kin th mi ngi nn trang b vi ci main xc (h, cht, b i) gi th t 50k-100k ty ni bn. Nhng nu ai bn r th tr gi cng 20-30k l OK ri.

Card Test Mainboard bo li 26 v cch x l


18-03-2009 | lqv77 | 8 phn hi

Nhiu bn hi ti Card test main bo li 26 l li g??? Nhiu bn khc th hi sao card test bo m 26 m mainboard vn chy bnh thng??? Vy th ti sao ??? Cu tr li rt n gin: Card Test Main U. y khng phi l kinh nghim ca ti m chnh l thng tin mi nht t cc nh sn xut Card Test main bo trn th trng m ti c gng tm c thng tin ny. Xem link tham kho th 1:

http://www.61131568.com/En_ArticleShow.asp?ArticleID=295 Trch dn: Never stop when the code goes at 26 < y l dng sn phm m nh sn xut cho rng fix li cht ti m 26 Tnh nng th hai l: support 80h port v 84h port

Xem thm bi vit sau bit port 80h v port 84h l g: http://lqv77.com/2009/02/07/card-test-mainboard-toan-tap/ Xem link tham kho th 2: http://www.hddtool.net/product.asp?id=1302 < y l link gc bng ting HOA, c th dng google dch hoc dng link dch sn sau y: link Trch: Duy nht trn th trng c kh nng hin th mt cch chnh xc tt c cc dng mainboard INTEL9XX v cc lai mainboard i mi. M khi s dng card test r tin ch dng li ti m 26 m khng h bo chnh xc m li thc l g cho d mainboard b li hay thm ch khng h b li vn cht ti m 26. Vy gii php l sao? n gin l cn trang b mt card test fix c li cht ti m 26 ny. Hai link ti a trn chnh l 2 sn phm fix li cht ti m 26 va nu. So snh tnh nng v gi ca 2 card trn: V tnh nng do PT090C c thm cng LPT nn c th dng c cho c my Laptop nn gi thnh cao hn (gp i). Cn Loi PI2D th ch support my bn qua 2 giao tip PCI v ISA ( tuyt chng). Nu c nhu cu v 2 lai Card Test trn th xem thm cc topic sau: http://lqv77.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=162 http://lqv77.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=187

Card Test Mainboard Ton tp


07-02-2009 | lqv77 | 62 phn hi

Qua bi vit Hng dn s dng card test mainboard ca ti, nhiu bn c gi rt nhiu cu hi lin quan n vn card test main ny. Nay ti quyt nh lp mt ch Card Test Mainboard Ton tp ny vi hy vng tp trung gii thch trit mi vn lin quan n Card Test Main. Cch vit s l, mi ngi comments, ti s vit tip n khi ht tng. Cho nn, mi ngi c thc mc lin quan n Card Test Main th nhanh chn comments: ti s trc tip Update vo bi vit. Gi l Vit Blog theo yu cu. 1. V tn gi Card Test Mainboard: Tn ting anh c cc trang nc ngoi s dng l POST card. Theo ngha l card hin th POST code. Tm hiu: khi my hay mainboard din ra qu trnh POST th tng dng lnh ca POST s c mt m lnh (cn gi l POST code) v m ny s c hng thng qua cng (cn gi l PORT) 80H, 84H, 300H v d liu ly ra (data) s c hin th ln qua 2 hoc 4 LED 7 on. Cho nn tn gi POST card c s dng rng ri nht. Nu c nh cu search trn mng, Dng t POST card s tm c rt nhiu thng tin lin quan. Tuy nhin, nu ch vi 2 t POST card th s khng tm c v s nhm vi Bu thip v vy cn thm cc t sau Diagnostic Post Card Mainboard trong ch thm c t Diagnostic (chun on) th mi chuyn khc. Ngoi ra cc tn ting Anh ca card test cn c: PC Analyzer card, PC Diagnostic Card, Mainboard Test Card, PCI Test Card cc tn ny ch yu mi ngi tm thng tin lin quan bng ting Anh. Ch cm t Card Test Main m search th a s ch ra bi vit bng ting vit Hng dn s dng Card Test Main ca lqv77 ca ti m thi. 2. Xut x:

th trng Vit Nam, loi card thng dng m mi ngi thy l card ca: GuangZhou QiGuan Electronics http://www.61131568.com/ tham kho tn nng, tn nng mi, tnh nng c bit, cc loi card chuyn dng cho Desktop, Laptop u c review y . K c nhng li v cc phin bn mi hn fix li phin bn c hn. Theo trang Web ny, mt cty khc m phng li, ni trng trn ra l copy li nguyn bn m khng hiu r nguyn l hot ng mc mt s li c bn nht nh khng h sng mt s cc LED chc nng (Clock, BIOS) ngay khi ang cm vo mt mainboard hon ton bnh thng. on ny tr li cho nhiu bn hi ti sao n khng sng khi cm vo mainboard bnh thng. 3. Nguyn l hot ng: Trong bi vit Hng dn s dng card test mainboard ca ti trnh by nguyn l hot ng tuy nhin mt iu m ti cha cp r trong bi vit trc nhng ti cp n trong phn 1 tn gi ca bi vit ny. l Card Test Main s hng d liu cng 80H, 84H, 300H. Mt s my Laptop s dng cng LPT (tc cng my in). Vy khi no th 80H, khi no 84H v khi no th 300H. chnh l vn ti sao mt s Card Test Main khi cm vo mt s mainboard th khng hng c d liu no mc du mainboard ang chy bnh thng. Do Card Test Main ch hng mt cng duy nht l Port 80H. Theo khuyn co ca GuangZhou QiGuan Electronics th dng Card mang Serial 0049 s ch hng Port 80H. Hnh minh ha bn di l Card Serial PI49N (ti ang xi ng card ny) l hon ton khng hng cng 84H v cng 300H.

D hiu, nu mt mainboard xut POST code ra cng 84H th loi card ny s b tay. Khi th sa mainboard nh lqv77 ti ch cn dng cc LED chc nng trn card nh RESET, CLOCK, RUN, BIOS l sa mainboard ri. D nhin, mun tt hn ti khuyn bn nn trang b cc card mi hn d dng hn trong vic sa mainboard. Vy mainboard no s dng POST code l cng 80H v mainboard no dng POST code l cng 84H. Nu mun tham kho ton din hy download cun: Ti liu BIOS ton tp m nghin cu thm nh. y l mt ti liu gn 500 trang ca tc gi Phil Croucher bin son t nhiu ngun ti liu rt c gi tr tham kho. Trong c tng kt rt nhiu bng m POST code, cng nh cp n vn POST 80H v 84H 4. Port 80H v Port 84H: Xem mt link tham kho v POST code Port 80H ca Intel: http://www.intel.com/support/motherboards/desktop/sb/CS-025434.htm Link tham kho trn nu rng, trong qu trnh Power-On-Self-Test (tc POST), BIOS s gi m POST code ra cng a ch Port 80H, ngha ca cc m s c l gii theo tng bng tra v ch p dng vi cc mainboard m Intel lit k pha cui bi vit ca h. Vy Mainboard Intel ch c mt s mainboard s dng c Card Test Main Serial 0049 m thi. Mt ti liu khc (eztest.com) th cho rng cc mainboard thng th dng Port 80H cn mainboard ca Compaq th dng Port 80H. Theo mt ngun khc mt s i IBM xi Port 90H, 190H, mt s Card EISA xi Port 300H, Port 680H, mt s khc nh AT&T, Olivetti, NCR v mt s AT Clones th xi port 3BCH, 278H or 378H. Tham kho c m in ci u. Nhng thng dng nht vn l Port 80H v Port 84H.

R rng s khng thng nht ca cc nh sn xut mainboard gy kh d cho dn th sa mainboard nh chng ta. Vy vn l cn mua mt card c th t nhn c khi no Port 80H khi no Port 84H nu tt hn th mua c loi c cng LPT v mini PCI dng cho c my Laptop (xch tay) ln my Desktop ( bn). 5. Cc loi Card Test Main mi thng minh hn: Th , s khng thng nht ca cc nh sn xut mainboard lm giu cho my ngi bn Card Test Main v h buc phi nng cp card ln phin bn mi hn thng minh hn v ngi dng th phi mua Card mi. Th trng xut hin loi card test main c 4 LED 7 on nhiu ngi m u v mua v cho rng 4 th d dng hn 2. Xem hnh.

Nhn r rng l thy Pro hn. Vy thc s khc bit l th no? Ti ln Web Site ca nh sn xut tham kho v tham kho ti liu hng dn s dng ca dng card ny nhng tuyt nhin khng thy cu ch no Support port 80h and 84h c ngha l dng CardSerial 0050 ny cng b tay vi cc mainboard xut POST code ra Port 84H. Vy 4 LED s dng nh th no? Phi khc hn loi 2 LED ch. Tip tc c ti liu hng dn: nh sn xut ny cho rng c sng kin mi cho vic n gin ha cch c cc m hin th trn 02 LED 7 an. V cc bn cha c kinh nghim s khng bit thc cht m ngha l g. i vi 1 m POST code, ngi dng phi xc nh l loi BIOS no (Award, AMI, Phoenix) ri dng BIOS no mi hay c th s c bng tra tng ng > c n hng vi chc n c trm bn tra khc nhau. V mi m s c ngha khc nhau nu khc loi BIOS, dng BIOS Mun bit c bao nhiu bng tra POST code th vo cc link sau:

http://www.postcodemaster.com/ http://www.61131568.com/En_post.asp

Hai trang tiu biu trn lit k hng trm bng tra POST code khc nhau. Nh vy khi mt bn gi in thoi hi ti, m l m g ? Ci g li? Ti lin hi BIOS loi g ? Bn lc u th l ti cng b tay. V ti chc rng bn y cha c k bi Hng dn s dng Card Test Main ca ti. Cho nn nh sn xut Card Test Main mi ngh ra mt cch c dm cho my bn mi v ngh bng cch dng 1 phm chuyn v t ng nhn dng loi BIOS ri t dng dch ngha ca cc POST code ra thnh mt loi m mi tm gi Test Card code v bn ch cn tra 1 bng duy nht m thi. Bng tra ny nm trong ti liu hng dn ca nh sn xut. D nhin, cch hin th 2 LED truyn thng vn c gi khi nhn phm chuyn a v dng bnh thng v khi Cc Card Serial 0050 ny khng khc cc Card Serial 0049 g c cng 1 im chung khng hng c Port 84H. Gi tin Card 0050 thng minh ny gp 3 gp 4 ln dng Card 0049 m theo ti th chc nng ch lm rc ri thm m thi. Cn tip cc mc d kin sau:

Loi card no th h tr cho c Port 80H v Port 84h Cc li thng gp ca Card Test Main: Hng dn la chn mua v th Card Test Main:

Card Test Mainboard Ton tp Phn 2


08-02-2009 | lqv77 | 32 phn hi

Vui lng Xem bi:


Hng dn s dng card test mainboard Card Test Mainboard Ton tp Phn 1

Trc khi xem bi di y. 6. Nn chn loi Card Test Main thng minh no? Qua bi vit Card Test Mainboard Ton tp phn 1 ti phn tch thng minh khng thc s cn thit ca dng Card 0050 so vi dng Card 0049. R rng nu bn cha rnh xi Card Test Mainboard th xi loi Card 0050 ny ch ti thm rc ri. Ring ti ti vn dng Card 0049 v r tin v xi quen ri. Vn t ra l nn chn loi Card no thc s thng minh. Theo ti ti thiu Card phi t nhn bit Port80H v Port84H v hin th ng m POST code ln 2 LED 7 on l OK ri.

Theo thng tin t nh sn xut Card Test Mainboard cung cp th cc dng Card sau y h tr tt cho c 3 Port 80H, 84H, 300H.

Dng Card P2D (English ver) h tr Port 80H, 84H Hin card ny c bn ti: http://lqv77.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=187

Hin ti ang dng lai PT090C ny c ch C pha sau nh http://lqv77.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=162

Dng Card LM2 (cng LPT) dng cho Laptop h tr Port 80H v 84H im khc bit rt d thy l cc Card thng minh cho dng ny ch s dng 1 chip duy nht thay v nhiu chip nh cc card 0049 v 0050 nu trn. Nu xi ch ring Desktop th chn dng P2A, P2D cn Laptop th chn dng LM2 nh. Hin ti cha c Dng Card mi va h tr cho Desktop va h tr Laptop va h tr Port 80H v Port 84H. Ch c dng card c khng nn xi l LP50A2 trong rt Pro, c cng USB (ch ly ngun nui thi) cng LPT xi cho Laptop v khe PCI xi cho Desktop nhng iu ti t l khng h tr Port 84H. Cn thn ng mua nhm nh.

Nu mun mua loi Card va Desktop va Laptop c h tr Port 84H th i thm thi gian i nh. Hoc xem tip phn sau, ti s review mt s loi Card m theo nh sn xut l Cc k thng minh.

Card Test Mainboard Ton tp Phn 3


08-02-2009 | lqv77 | 8 phn hi

Vui lng Xem bi:


Hng dn s dng card test mainboard Card Test Mainboard Ton tp Phn 1 Card Test Mainboard Ton tp Phn 2

Trc khi xem bi di y. 7. Card Test Main mi nht hin nay thng minh c no?

Theo qung co ca nh sn xut th cc Card Test Mainboard dng mi nht Chun on chnh xc nht. Chnh xc n u th ti khng r v hnh nh User Guide ti liu hng dn s dng cha c cng b (khng bit sn phm c bn cha na. Ch thy qung co trn Web m thi. Tham kho theo link sau: http://www.61131568.com/The%20most%20accurate%20Analyzer y ti ch Review vi Card ng lu thi.

Dng card KP6 cho Desktop h tr Port 80H, 84H

Dng KLM6 dng Laptop h tr Port 80H, 84H

Dng KLPI6 c Desk ln Laptop Port 80h, 84H Cc Card c cho l c nhiu tnh nng thng minh, chnh xc nhng tt c u cha c cng b ti liu User Guide nn C t t ch.

Mainboard: Hng dn lm chn chipset


07-03-2009 | lqv77 | 41 phn hi

1. Chun b:

Chipset (xem hnh bi ny minh ha l chip cu NAM) tho ra t mainboard lm chn (xem hnh khng c th t ch hay lm cch g ty) Khung li (xem hnh ng vi chn ca chip tng ng) M lm chn. Ch bi (Kch thc bi vit ny l 0.67mm) M hn (li dao thng ti xi ci ny, ci khc th ty) My kh nhit (khng c th ng c tip) Dy rt ch (quan trng ko c rt kh, chng 25k/ cun thi) Nc ra mch.

2. Lm sch bng chip:


Khi mi tho chipset t main ra, s c v s chn cn dnh li trn bng ca chipset. Dng m kh (gi 4-5, nhit 200-250) tay kh u ng thi dng m hn gt sch ch. Dng dy ht ch kt hp m hn ch tht sch bng chp (s tay thy lng min th mi OK, nhm nhm l cn ch s rt kh lm chn). Dng nc ra mch, ra tht sch.

3. nh bi ch vo:

Quan trng nht y: C nh chipset vo chnh gia (khng c th ch sao tin th lm). Trt 1 lp m lm chip v bng chipset (tht mng nh, nhiu s n hn). t li sao cho cc l li nhn xung tht tt c cc chn l OK. Bi ch c kch thc 0.67mm, nn li cch mt chipset t 0.3mm n 0.5mm l OK (c m ch ngh ngh, 0.3mm 0.5mm ). y np ln (np c tc dng gi li khung c nh v c rnh trt bi ch tha ra ngoi). bi ch vo: cc bi ch s t ng ri xung cc l v vng ng thi do bng chip trt m nn bi ch s b dnh tng ng ti cc v tr c chn. Lc ny ta ch vic lc khung cho bi ch lp y cc l ca li (khng c tool th bc ny c m xu). Xong cc bi ch tha ra (cc bi ch s lt xung l v vng li, b kt dnh tm thi bng m, mi l ch va 1 bi, nn cc bi tha ta d dng trt ngc ra).

4. C nh cc bi ch v bng chipset:

2 cng ca chipset c rt xung di ( ly np v khung li ra m khng ng n cc bi ch). Ly np v li khung ra. Lc ny cc bi ch ng nh vo v tr cc chn trn bng ca chipset. Dng my kh nhit (gi nh chng 2-3, nhit cao 500-600) tho b u chp kh u tay trn cc bi ch n khi ch xp xung dnh vo v tr cc chn tng ng l OK.

Xong, ni di dng, thao tc chnh xc cng vi Tool y l 10-15 pht l xong. Di y l hnh nh thnh phm, chip mi s c chn sn nh vy gi bn trn trang Alibaba.com l 5$/con mua ti thiu 50 con

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