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Trace the path of the light ray through the Lucite block shown in the diagram below.
Answer: 44 degrees Upon entering the lucite, the ray of light passes across boundary without bending since the theta i = 0 degrees (recall the If I Were An Archer Fish page from Lesson 1). At second boundary, the theta i can be found geometrically or by measurement as 30 degrees Now substitute known values into Snell's Law and carry out the necessary algebraic operations: 1.40 sine(30 degrees) = 1.00 sine(theta r) 0.700 = sine(theta r) 44 degrees = theta r See below diagram for the ray tracing.
1. Determine the angle of refraction for the following two refraction problems.
Answer: 53.9 degrees Measure the angle of incidence - the angle between the normal and incident ray. It is approximately 45 degrees. Given: ni = 1.52 nr = 1.33 theta i = 45 degrees Find: theta r Substitute into Snell's law equation and perform the necessary algebraic operations to solve: 1.52 sine(45 degrees) = 1.33 sine (theta r) 1.075 = 1.33* sine (theta r) 0.8081 = sine (theta r) 53.9 degrees = theta r Answer: 28.4 degrees Measure the angle of incidence - the angle between the normal and incident ray. It is approximately 60 degrees. Given: ni =1.33
nr = 2.42 theta i = 60 degrees Find: theta r Substitute into Snell's law equation and perform the necessary algebraic operations to solve: 1.33 sine(60 degrees) = 2.42 sine (theta r) 1.152 = 2.42 sine (theta r) 0.4760 = sine (theta r) 28.4 degrees = theta r
3. A ray of light in crown glass exits into air at an angle of 25.0 degrees. Determine the angle at which the light approached the glass-air boundary. Refer to the table of indices of refraction if necessary.
Answer: 16.1 degrees Given: ni = 1.52 nr = 1.000 theta r = 25.0 degrees Find: theta i = ??? Substitute into Snell's law equation and perform the necessary algebraic operations to solve: 1.52 sine(theta i) = 1.00 sine(25.0 degrees) 1.52 sine(theta i) = 0.4226 sine(theta i) = 0.2780 theta i = 16.1 degrees This problem is slightly more complicated than Problem A since refraction is taking place at two boundaries. This is an example of a layer problem where the light refracts upon entering the layer (boundary #1: air to crown glass) and again upon leaving the layer (boundary #2: crown
glass to air). Despite this complication, the solution begins like the above problem: a diagram is constructed to assist in the visualization of the physical situation, the known values are listed, and the unknown value (desired quantity) is identified. This is shown below:
Diagram: Given: Find:
Boundary #1 ni = 1.00 (from table) nr = 1.52 (from table) = 42.0 degrees Note that the angle of refraction at boundary #1 is the same as the angle of incidence at boundary #2. Boundary #2 ni = 1.52 (from table) nr = 1.00 (from table)
Now list the relevant equation (Snell's Law), substitute known values into the equation, and perform the proper algebraic steps to solve for the unknown. Begin the process at boundary #1 and then repeat for boundary #2 until the final answer is found.
Boundary #1:
1.00 * sine (42.0 degrees) = 1.52 * sine (theta r) 0.669 = 1.52 * sine (theta r) 0.4402 = sine (theta r) sine-1 (0.4402) = sine-1 ( sine (theta r)) 26.1 degrees = theta r
The value of 26.1 degrees corresponds to the angle of refraction at boundary #1. Since boundary #1 is parallel to boundary #2, the angle of refraction at boundary #1 will be the same as the angle of incidence at boundary #2 (see diagram above). So now repeat the process in order to solve for the angle of refraction at boundary #2.
Boundary #2:
1.52 * sine (26.1 degrees) = 1.00 * sine (theta r) 1.52 * (0.4402) = 1.00 * sine (theta r) 0.6691 = sine (theta r) sine-1 (0.6691) = sine-1 ( sine (theta r)) 42.0 degrees = theta r
The answers to this problem are 26.1 degrees and 42.0 degrees. 4. An object is located 1.25 m in front a screen. Determine the focal length of a lens that forms a real inverted image on the screen 4 times the height of the object. Givens: m = -4
di + do = 1.25 m
Solution:
Since m = -( di / do )
-4 = -( di / do )
di = 4do
Since di + do = 1.25 m,
4do+ do = 1.25 m
do =0 .25 m
Therefore,
di = 1.00 m
(1/f ) = ( 1/1.00 ) + (1/0.25 ) [Object distance is positive since it is on the side from which light is coming; image distance is positive since it is on the opposite side of the lens from the object]
f = 0.20 m