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4 Location Update Procedure ......................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Overview.......................................................................................................................................................4-2 4.2 Location Updating Procedure........................................................................................................................4-2 4.2.1 Periodic Updating ................................................................................................................................4-4 4.2.2 IMSI Attach Procedure.........................................................................................................................4-5 4.2.3 Generic Location Updating Procedure.................................................................................................4-5 4.3 Internal Handling of BSC............................................................................................................................4-10
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Figures
Figures
Figure 4-1 Location updating procedure ............................................................................................................4-3
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About This Chapter
Title 4.1 Overview 4.2 Location Updating Procedure
The following table lists the contents of this chapter. Description Introduces the location updating technology in the BSS. Describes location updating procedures: periodic location updating procedure, IMSI attach location updating procedure, and normal location updating procedure. Describes the internal handling of location updating in the BSC.
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4.1 Overview
In GSM system, MS location information need be known by HLR, VLR and MS, When the location information changes, it is required that the relevant information in HLR, VLR and MS should be consistent, which can be realized through the location updating procedure. As the major procedure of location management, the location updating procedure is always initiated on MS side. The location updating procedure is a general procedure, and is used for 3 purposes, i.e. normal location updating, periodic updating and IMSI attach. The normal location updating procedure is used to update the registration of the actual location area of MS in the network. The location updating type information element in the LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST message shall indicate normal location updating. When the network indicates that MS is unknown in VLR, the normal location updating procedure will be started, as a response to the MM connection establishment request. In case that location updating is unsuccessful, to limit the number of location updating attempts, an attempt counter need be used. The attempt counter is reset when MS is switched on or a SIM card is inserted. MS contains a list of "forbidden location areas for roaming", as well as a list of "forbidden location areas for regional provision of service". These lists shall be erased when an MS is switched off or when SIM is removed. Whenever a LOCATION UPDATING REJECT message is received with the cause "Roaming not allowed in this location area" or with the cause "Location area not allowed", the LAI received on BCCH that triggered the location updating request shall be added to the relevant list. The two lists shall accommodate 10 or more entries. When the list is full and a new entry has to be inserted, the oldest entry shall be deleted. Upon successful location updating, MS sets the update status to "UPDATED" in SIM (UPDATED status indicates the last location updating request is successful) , and save LAI, TMSI, Cipher Key and Cipher Sequence Number in SIM, and stores the received new location area information in SIM.
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Step 1 MS sends a CHANNEL REQUEST message to BTS on the access channel of Um interface (The message contains the access cause value "Location update"). Step 2 BTS sends a CHANNEL REQUEST message to BSC. Step 3 Upon receipt of the CHANNEL REQUEST message, BSC allocates signaling channels, and sends a CHANNEL ACTIVATION message to BTS. Step 4 If the channel type is correct, upon receipt of the CHANNEL ACTIVATION message, BTS opens the power amplifier on the specified channel, and sends a CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACKNOWLEDGE message to BSC. Step 5 BSC sends an IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT COMMAND message to MS via BTS. Step 6 MS sends an SABM frame for establishing link with BTS Step 7 BTS returns a UA frame for acknowledgement. Step 8 BTS sends an ESTABLISHMENT INDICATION message to BSC, which contains the content of the LOCATION UPDATE REQUEST message. Step 9 BSC establishes SCCP link connection on A interface, and sends a LOCATION UPDATE REQUEST message to MSC. The parameter including the CGI of the current cell. Step 10 MSC returns a link acknowledge message to BSC. Step 11 MSC sends a LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT message to BSC, indicating that location updating has succeeded.
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Step 12 The network shall deliver a LOCATION UPDATING REJECT message to MS if it rejects the location updating request. Step 13 If "Allocate TMSI upon location updating" is set to "No" in MSC, MS shall not report the TMSI REALLOCATION COMPLETE message in the location updating procedure. Step 14 The network shall initiate the channel release procedure if no further transactions are scheduled. ----End
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The T3212 timeout value shall not be changed when MS is in the state of "NO CELL AVAILABLE", "LIMITED SERVICE", "PLMN SEARCH or PLMN SEARCH-NORMAL" etc. When a change of the T3212 timeout value has to be taken into account and the timer is running (at change of the serving cell or, the broadcast of T3212 timeout value), MS shall take the mod that the current T3212 value to the new T3212 timeout value as the new initial value. When MS is activated, or when a change of the T3212 timeout value has to be taken into account and the timer is not running, the new timer shall be started at a value randomly, uniformly drawn between 1 and the new initial value.
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Identification request
The network may initiate the identification procedure, e.g. if the network is unable to get the IMSI based on the TMSI and LAI used as identification by MS
Authentication procedure
The authentication procedure may be initiated by the network upon receipt of the LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST message from MS.
Attempt counter
When location updating is unsuccessful, to limit the number of location updating attempts, an attempt counter is used. It counts the number of consecutive unsuccessful location update attempts. The attempt counter is incremented by 1 each time a location update procedure fails. In the following cases, the attempt counter shall be reset. MS is powered on A SIM card is inserted Location update is successfully completed Location update is completed with cause 11/12/13 Service state changes from "ATTEMPTING" into "UPDATE" A new location area is entered Timer T3212 expires Location update is triggered by a CM sublayer request The attempt counter is used when MS decides whether to re-attempt a location update after timeout of timer T3211.
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The procedure is aborted. Step 7 Location updating rejected, due to cause except 2/3/6/11/12/13 MS waits for release of the RR connection. In cases 4~7 and for repeated failures as defined in case 3, MS proceeds as follows. Timer T3210 is stopped if still running. The RR connection is released if timer T3210 expires. The attempt counter is incremented by 1. The next actions depend on LAI and the value of the attempt counter. Case 1: The update status is "UPDATED", and the stored LAI is equal to the one received on the BCCH from the current serving cell. The attempt counter is smaller than 4. In case 1, MS shall keep the update status to "UPDATED". The MM IDLE sub-state after RR connection release is "NORMAL SERVICE". MS shall memorize the location updating type used in the location updating procedure. It shall start timer T3211 when the RR connection is released. When timer T3211 expires, the location updating procedure is triggered again with the memorized location updating type. Case 2: Either the update status is different from "UPDATED", or the stored LAI is different from the one received on the BCCH from the current serving cell, or the attempt counter is greater or equal to 4. In case 2, MS shall delete any LAI, TMSI and ciphering key sequence number stored in SIM, set the update status to "NOT UPDATED" and enter the MM IDLE sub-state "ATTEMPTING TO UPDATE" when the RR connection is released. If the attempt counter is smaller than 4, MS shall start timer T3211. Otherwise, it starts timer T3212. ----End
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Cause 100: Conditional IE error Cause 111: Protocol error, unspecified After sending the response message, the network will start the channel release procedure. ----End
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