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BI S 1:KHO ST CH
CT CHM (THP M)
I.
Mc ch th nghim:
Kho st c tnh ng lc hc lu cht v kh nng hot ng ca thp m bng
cch xc nh:
- nh hng ca vn tc kh v lng ln gim p sut ca dng kh qua ct.
- S bin i ca h s ma st fck trong ct theo chun s Reynolds Rec ca dng
kh v suy ra cc h thc thc nghim.
- S bin i ca tha s lin h gia gim p ca dng kh khi ct kh v
khi ct t vi vn tc dng chy.
II.
L thuyt th nghim:
2.1. Cu to
Thp m l mt thp hnh tr gm nhiu gia on ni vi nhau bng mt bch hay
hn. Vt m y trong thp theo mt trong hai phng php: xp ngu nhin hay xp
th t.
Vt m s dng ph bin :
Vng Rasching
Vt m hnh yn nga
Vt m vng xon
2.2. S chuyn ng ca lu cht qua thp m
Khi cht lng chuyn ng t trn xung v pha kh chuyn ng t di c th
xy ra 4 ch thy lc:
Ch mng
Ch treo
Ch nh tng
Ch ko theo
2.2.1. gim p khi ct kh
PC Gn ( vi n = 1.8 - 2)
lgPC/Z = nlgG lgZ
y l phng trnh ng thng c h s gc n
2.2.2. gim p khi ct kh
Trong giai on u lng cht lng b gi li trong thp l khng i theo tc
kh. Giai on k tip lng cht lng b gi li trong thp tng nhanh theo tc kh,
cc ch trng trong thp nh dn v gim p ca pha kh tng nhanh.
2.3. Tha s ma st Fck theo Rec khi ct kh
Tha s ma st fck l hm s theo chun s Re vi Re :
Rec = G*De/ = 4G/a
Trong : : nht ca dng kh, kg/m.s
Zhavoronkow xc nh c kh dng kh chuyn t ch chy tng sang
chy ri ng vi tr s Rec = 50. Trong vng chy ri 50 < Re < 7000 vi ct chm ngu
nhin th:
fck = 3.8/Re0.2
Trong vng chy dng Re < 50 th h s ma st c tnh: fck = 140/Re
2.4. gim p Pc khi ct t
Pc = Pck
S lin h:
fc = fck
2.5. im lt ca ct chm
1
2
f ck .a.v 2 .. G
2 g. L
3
L
G
0.2
G
L
M hnh th nghim
Cc bc tin hnh
M van cho nc vo trong bnh cha (kha van 11).
M cc van 14 v 6, kha van 5.
M bm lng n khi nc qua van 6 chy ngc vo bnh cha th ngng bm
v kha van 6.
Kha van 23, m van 22, sau m my nn thi ht lng nc cn ng
trong cc khe ca vt m. Sau khong 5 pht, chun b lm th nghim khi ct kh.
o gim p khi ct kh
-
khng i.
-
ct kh v c Pc trn p k.
-
nn.
cht lng cn li trong thp ra ngoi.
III.
Bo co th nghim:
1. Kt qu th nghim
Bng 1: Kt qu th nghim trn ct kh:
STT
Pck (N/m2)
(kg/m2.s)
1
0,097
0,98.105
0,194
1,96.105
0,293
2,94.105
0,39
4,9.105
0,487
7,84.105
0,584
10,79.105
0,004
Llng (l/s)
0,053
G(
STT
0,067
0,08
0,093
Pc (N/m2)
kg/s.m )
0,097
2,02. 105
2,94. 105
2,94.105
2,94. 105
9,81. 105
0,194
4,9. 105
6,86. 105
9. 105
9,81. 105
23,53. 105
0,293
9,81. 105
11,76. 105
18,63. 105
20,6. 105
39,62. 105
0,39
21,33. 105
25,15. 105
39,22. 105
44,62. 105
71. 105
0,487
37,26. 105
48,55. 105
76,5. 105
80,95. 105
128,17. 105
0,584
58,82. 105
60,89.
122,39. 105
128,24. 105
205,88. 105
2. X l s liu
i n v:
1N/m2 = 1Pa = 1,02.10-6 mmH2O
m3 1.1000 l
kg
1
D2 2
h
60 pht
3600s.
m
4
D 80 mm
Z = 1.6 m
760
mmHg
1033
1mmHg 1,33.10 2 Pa
1cmH 2O
4G
a
(2)
Vi:
a: din tch b mt ring ca vt chm, m3/m2; a = 360 m3/m2
k: nht ca dng kh, kg/m.s; = 0,187 Ns/m2
VD: Re
4.0,097
0,00576
360.0,187
140
Re
(3)
(4)
Vi =
Pcu
Pck
VD: =
Pcu
2,02.105
2,06 => fc = .fck = 2,06.24305,56 = 50068,63
=
0,98.105
Pck
Log G
Pck/Z,
log(P/Z),
N/m2 / m
N/m2 / m
Reck
fck
0,097
-1,013
0,61.105
4,79
0,0058 24305,56
0,194
-0,712
1,23. 105
5,09
0,0115 12145,36
0,293
-0,533
1,84. 105
5,26
0,0174
8041,64
0,39
-0,409
3,06. 105
5,49
0,0232
6041,54
0,487
-0,312
4,90. 105
5,69
0,0289
4838,19
0,584
-0,234
6,74. 105
5,83
0,0347
4034,59
th fck theo Re
STT
2.06
3.00
3.00
3.00
10.01
2.50
3.50
4.59
5.01
12.01
3.34
4.00
6.34
7.01
13.48
4.35
5.13
8.00
9.11
14.49
4.75
6.19
9.76
10.33
16.35
5.45
5.64
11.34
11.89
19.08
0.004
0.053
0.067
0.08
0.093
STT
Rec
fc
1.40
50068.63
72872.16
72872.16
72872.16
238291.98
2.81
30363.40
42508.76
55769.51
60788.77
285780.34
4.24
26832.81
32166.55
50957.73
56346.17
318609.71
5.64
26299.19
31009.12
48356.97
55014.99
428949.23
7.05
22993.76
29961.00
47209.41
49955.58
620111.20
8.45
21993.93
22767.95
45763.98
47951.41
830641.19
0.067
0.08
0.093
0.004
0.053
STT
log G
-1,013
5,1
5,26
5,26
5,26
5,79
-0,712
5,49
5,63
5,75
5,79
6,17
-0,533
5,79
5,87
6,07
6,11
6,39
-0,409
6,12
6,2
6,39
6,45
6,65
-0,312
6,37
6,48
6,68
6,7
6,9
-0,234
6,57
6,58
6,88
6,9
7,11
4. Bn lun
Da vo th v s liu thc nghim ta thy:
- i vi ct kh: khi G tng th gim p tng theo ng thng.
- i vi ct t: khi G tng th gim p cng tng theo nhng chia thnh tng
vng r rt nh gin trong l thuyt cp. Khi lu lng lng cng tng th ct
cng d gn n im lt hn. T th thu c ta thy vng sau im gia trng th gi
tr P tng ln rt nhanh, t ngt. on thng trong vng ny rt dc nn ta rt kh vn
hnh ct chm ch nh tng ny mc d ct chm hot ng tt nht ch .
Gin f theo Re c lp nhm biu din s ph thuc ca tr lc vo lu
lng ca dng lu cht. Nu lu lng ca dng lu cht cng ln th th h s ma st f
gia hai pha cng tng. Lp th nhm xc nh c lu lng hp l vn hnh ct,
tr lc nh v thu c hiu sut truyn khi tt nht gia hai pha vi nhau m ct
vn khng b lt. Tuy nhin trong th trn th ta li thy iu ngc li tc l khi lu
lng tng ln th tr lc li gim dn, kt qu ny thu c do nh hng ca sai s
10
BI S 2:CHNG GIN ON
KHNG HON LU
Mc ch th nghim:
I.
L thuyt th nghim:
II.
1. nh ngha hon lu
Chng l phng php dng tch cc hn hp cht lng, kh lng thnh cc cu t
ring bit da vo bay hi khc nhau ca cc cu t trong hn hp (cng nhit , p
sut hi ca cc cu t khc).
Chng th dung mi v cht tan u bay hi, c c th ch c dung mi bay hi cn
cht tan khng bay hi.
Khi chng trng hp 2 cu t ta s thu c sn phm nh gm cc cu t c
bay hi ln v mt phn rt t cu t c bay hi b, sn phm y gm cu t c
bay hi b v mt phn rt t c bay hi ln.
2. Cn bng vt cht
Xt qu trnh chng gin on, thnh phn v lng sn phm lun thay i theo thi
gian.
Lng hn hp u l
vi nng l . Khi
11
Lng
rt b ta c th b qua c, n gin i ta c:
F W D
x F . F xW .W x . D
QF F .C PF .t F
QD D .C PD .t D
QW W .CPR .tW
Qng D .rD
12
3.2.
13
5. M hnh chng ct
H thng chng ct 7 mm xuyn l
14
15
III.
Bo co th nghim:
1. Kt qu th nghim
Bng kt qu th nghim nng v nng sut:
STT
(s)
vF
(%V)
VF (lt)
vD
(mB)
(%V)
VD (lt)
vW
(%V)
G (l/s)
15
10
300
900
15
4,17
10
82
0,1
13
300
1800
13
3,762
12
86
0,173
12
300
2700
12
3,497
14
74
0,178
11
300
3600
11
3,256
16
65
0,162
10
300
4500
10
3,053
18
58,5
0,132
300
16
T1 0C
T2 0C
T3 0C
T4 0C
T5 0C
T7 0 C
T8 0C
90,7
81,7
77,09
76,7
77,5
29,1
29,4
91,5
89,6
81,07
78,1
78,3
29,2
29,4
92,8
91,5
87,9
87
85,8
29,2
29,7
94,3
93,3
90,5
89,5
88,8
29,1
29,8
95,9
94,8
91,3
91,4
90,4
29,1
29,7
97,2
96,4
93,6
93,4
92,2
29
29,5
Lng hn hp u
17
t0 C
(kg/m3)
15
30
980,71
13
89,6
950,635
12
91,5
957,28
11
93,3
958,952
10
94,8
960,76
Lng sn phm nh
t0 C
18
(kg/m3)
82
78,3
788,72
86
85,8
772,408
74
88,8
800,384
65
90,4
821,935
58,5
92,2
837,1835
Lng sn phm y
p dng phng trnh cn bng vt cht.Ta c:
19
vF (%)
t0 C
15
30
3938,4
13
89,6
4081,713
12
91,5
4093,704
11
93,3
4104,07
10
94,8
4114,59
vD (%)
t0 C
82
78,3
3403,54
86
85,8
3448,12
74
88,8
3580,2
65
90,4
3668,13
58,5
92,2
3733,455
t0 C
13
89,6
20
(J/kg)
4081,713
12
91,5
4093,704
11
93,3
4104,07
10
94,8
4114,59
96,4
4131,096
Trong :
Qm : nhit lng mt mt ra mi trng xung quanh v thng c ly gn bng
khong 5% n 10% lng nhit cn cung cp.
Chn :
Qng : nhit lng trao i trong thit b ngng t
Trong :
G: lu lng khi lng dng gii nhit.Quy i n v t l/s sang kg/h.
21
t0 C
100
10
20
30
40
50
90
100
89.8
100
78.4
78.4
22
80
60
79.4
70
79
80
78.6
STT
xF
xD
kg/kg
kg/kg
kg
kg
kg/kg
kg
kg
0.052
0.122
4.904
0.585
0.782
0.079
0.111
4.825
0.0162
0.044
0.106
3.964
0.655
0.829
0.134
0.080
3.831
0.0343
0.040
0.097
3.601
0.468
0.692
0.143
0.073
3.459
0.0404
0.037
0.089
3.354
0.364
0.594
0.133
0.068
3.220
0.0405
0.033
0.081
3.128
0.303
0.527
0.111
0.064
3.018
0.0360
23
Qng
QF
QD
QW
QK
Qm
kg/h
kJ
kJ
kJ
kJ
kJ
kJ
0.0830
114.9848
579.3642
1764.4884
21.0192
0.0830
2.4163
1449.7741 1434.8134
39.5333
29.3357
2.3469
0.0830
2.1672
1348.9483 1324.4155
45.2938
24.9219
1.9938
0.0830
1.8093
1284.0706 1256.1210
44.1536
19.5795
1.5664
0.0830
2.0950
1220.2090 1201.7723
38.0396
23.5847
1.8868
STT
24
1436.0088 114.8807
4. Bn lun
25
BI S 3:TNH HC QU TRNH SY
I.
Mc ch th nghim:
II.
L thuyt th nghim:
26
hay
ta s c:
Ta c phng trnh :
So snh hai phng trnh (1) v (2) ta c:
T ta c : :
V H >0 do
Vy khi sy l thuyt nhit lng ring ca khng kh khng thay i trong sut qu
trnh H= const (ng H), ni cch khc, trong qu trnh sy l thuyt, mt phn nhit ca
khng kh c b mt mt i cng ch lm bc hi nc trong vt liu, do H khng
i.
2.3. Sy thc t:
Trong sy thc t, lng nhit b sung chung khc vi nhit lng tn tht chung do
ta c:
Theo phng trnh:
Theo phng trnh:
Cn bng hai phng trnh ny:
27
T ta rt ra:
Hoc
Khi phn tch ngha ca i lng , ta s thy trong thc t c th xy ra ba
trng hp:
Nhit lng b sung ln hn nhit lng tn tht chung, tc l:
Do
Hay l
Theo biu thc (3) ta c:
Hoc
Nhit lng b sung chung khng b nhit lng tn tht chung, tc l:
Do
Hay l
Theo biu thc (3) ta c:
V I >0 do :
Nhit lng b sung chung bng nhit lng tn tht chung, y l trng hp
ca sy l thuyt nu phn trn, trong trng hp ny th
Tnh lng khng kh kh cn thit lm bc hi 1kg m theo cng thc:
(kg/kg m)
Nhit lng tiu tn ring cho ton b my sy l:
,(J/kg m)
28
29
Tu. Nhit k bu t
Ts. Nhit k bu kh
2.5 Cc bc tin hnh th nghim:
Bt cng tc tng xc nh G0, mang i lm m nc vo ch o nhit
bu t, ghi cc gi tr bu kh, bu t ti thi im ban u iu chnh tc qut,
ch phng sy kh ci t cc mc nhit lng ca in tr khi n nh (10 pht)
th bt u tin hnh th nghim ghi cc gi tr: ch s cn, nhit bu kh, bu t
trong phng sy (ti thi im ban u v sau mi 15 pht) dng th nghim (khi khi
lng vt liu khng i sau 3 ln cn) chuyn cc nt iu chnh v trng thi 0,
ng cng tc tng
Tin hnh th nghim cc mc in tr 3, 5, 7, tc qut 4, 6, 8 theo bng s liu
3 Bo co th nghim:
1. Kt qu th nghim
Khi lng vt liu kh tuyt i: G0 = 0,089kg
STT
in
tr
Qut
4
5
im 0
im1
im 2
27.7
33
29
36
28
35.7
30.5
39.8
29
39
37
27
31
27
32
27
Gd
Gc
(kg)
(kg)
0.2274 0.2178
3.75
0.217
0.2022
3.92
32
0.2152 0.1938
3.88
31.5
36
0.195
0.184
3.55
35.5
28.5
0.1745
0.156
4.38
2. X l s liu
3. Bng kt qu tnh ton
Tnh cn bng vt cht v nng lng.
STT
L thuyt
W
(Kg/kg)
(Kg/kg)
(Kg)
Llt(kg)
30
(m/s)
Qlt(kJ)
Thc t
Lth(kg)
Qth(kJ)
1.438202
7.37931
1.191011 1.067416
3.666667
1.27191
3.84
30.72
3.36
26.88
0.011
31
3.361111 40.33333
37
4. Bn lun
+ So snh bin i lng khng kh kh s dng ca qu trnh sy l thuyt v sy
thc t.
Nhit kh v nhit t thu c t hai ln th nghim k nhau c bin
thin nh lm cho vic tra H -
v sau khi ra
32
Hm nhit ca khng kh tng theo th t trc khi vo caloriphe, sau khi qua
caloriphe v sau kh sy.
+ Nu cc nguyn nhn to nn s khc bit ca qu trnh sy l thuyt v sy thc t.
-
Do gin Ramzin H -
qu nh nn khi tra ta c H,
33
BI S 4:NG HC QU TRNH SY
III.
Mc ch th nghim:
IV.
L thuyt th nghim:
V.
Bo co th nghim:
5. Kt qu th nghim
1.1 Sy mc in tr R = 4 (400C) G0 = 64 g
(ph)
Gi(g)
t(0C)
tk(0C)
153.8
28
33.8
149.2
26.9
33.8
144.2
26.9
33.8
136.8
26.5
33.8
12
133
26.5
33.8
15
128
26.5
33.8
18
124.6
26
33.8
21
120
26.5
33.8
24
113.6
26
33.8
27
107.2
26
33.8
30
100.8
26
33.8
33
96
26.2
33.8
36
92
26
33.8
39
86.2
26
33.8
42
86
26.1
33.8
1.2 Sy mc in tr R = 5 (500C) G0 = 52 g
(ph)
t(0C)
Gi(g)
34
tk(0C)
154.6
28
34
147.6
26
34.5
141
26
34.5
133.6
26
35
12
128.4
26
35
15
120.6
25.9
35
18
114.8
26
35
21
108.8
26
35
24
102.6
26.3
35
27
98.2
26.5
35
30
94
26.2
35
33
89
26.1
35
36
83.6
26
35
39
79.8
26
35
42
75
26
35
45
73
26.1
35
48
70
26
35
51
67.2
26
35
54
65
26
35
57
64
27
35
60
62.2
27
35
63
61.4
27
35
66
61
27
35
1.3 Sy mc in tr R = 6 (600C) G0 = 60 g
(ph)
Gi (g)
t(0C)
tk(0C)
135.6
28
34.5
35
131
27
35.8
124.2
27
35.8
118.8
27.1
36
12
111.4
27.2
36
15
105.4
27
36
18
99.4
27
36
21
93
27
36
24
80.6
27
35.5
27
74.2
27
35.2
30
68.4
27
35.2
33
64
27.1
35.5
36
64
27.1
35.5
6. X l s liu
A. Sy mc in tr R = 4 (400C) G0 = 64 g
Cc thng s ban u
-
m ca giy lc: w i
Gi G0
.100(%) .
G0
(m/s)
140.31
36
143.75
133.13
156.25
125.31
231.25
113.75
118.75
12
107.81
156.25
15
100.00
106.25
18
94.69
143.75
21
87.50
200
24
77.50
200
10
27
67.50
200
11
30
57.50
150
12
33
50.00
125
13
36
43.75
181.25
14
39
34.69
6.25
15
42
34.38
6.25
34.38
6.25
16
42
37
ng cong tc sy
Xc nh m ti hn v m cn bng
38
m ti hn Wk:
Thc nghim: Wk=125,31(%/)
L thuyt: Wk
W1
140,31
Wc
34.38 112.33(%)
1,8
1,8
tk (0C)
t (0C)
Ph (mmHg)
Pb (mmHg)
33.8
28
19
37.78
33.8
26.9
19
36.21
33.8
26.9
19
36.21
33.8
26.5
19
36.04
33.8
26.5
19
36.04
33.8
26.5
19
36.04
33.8
26
19
35.55
33.8
26.5
19
36.04
33.8
26
19
35.55
33.8
26
19
35.55
33.8
26
19
35.55
33.8
26.2
19
35.78
33.8
26
19
35.55
33.8
26
19
35.55
33.8
26.1
19
35.67
33.8
26.1
19
35.67
Vy:
39
Xc nh cc thng s l thuyt
Xc nh cng bay hi m Jm
J m m .( pb ph ).
760
1
760
0 .Rv .N .
0,101753.(35.92 19).
1, 722047(kg / m2 .h)
B
100
760
Vi:
m: H s trao i m (kg/m2.h.mmHg)
Pb : p sut hi m trn b mt vt liu v bng p sut hi bo ha nhit bu
t (mmHg).
Ph : p sut ring phn ca hi nc trong khng kh (mmHg).
B : p sut trong phng sy, c ly bng vi p sut kh quyn (=760mmHg).
0 : Khi lng ring cht kh trong vt liu (kg/m3).
Xc nh tc sy
Thc nghim: NtN=81,39(%/h)
40
0.36
746,9119(% / h)
0.064
Ni
81,39
0,895(1/ h)
Wk Wc 125,31 34,38
Ni
746,9119
8, 214(1/ h)
Wk Wc 112,3314 53, 478
W1 Wkqu
NTN
140,31 125,31
0,184(h)
81,39
W Wc
1
1
140.21 34,38
ln( kqu
)
ln(
) 0,6(h)
KTN
W2 Wc
0,895 125,31 34,38
L thuyt:
Thi gian sy trong giai on ng tc:
W1 Wkqu
N LT
140.21 112.3314
0,037(h)
746,9119
W Wc
1
1
125.31 34.38
ln( kqu
)
ln(
) 0.084(h)
K LT
W2 Wc
8.214 112.3314 34.38
B. Sy mc in tr R = 5 (500C) G0 = 52 g
41
197.31
269.23
183.85
253.85
171.15
284.62
156.92
200.00
12
146.92
300.00
15
131.92
223.08
18
120.77
230.77
21
109.23
238.46
24
97.31
169.23
10
27
88.85
161.54
11
30
80.77
192.31
12
33
71.15
207.69
13
36
60.77
146.15
14
39
53.46
184.62
15
42
44.23
76.92
16
45
40.38
115.38
17
48
34.62
107.69
18
51
29.23
84.62
19
54
25.00
38.46
20
57
23.08
69.23
21
60
19.62
30.77
22
63
18.08
15.38
23
66
17.31
15.38
42
t (0C)
Ph (mmHg)
Pb (mmHg)
34
28
23.77
37.78
43
34.5
26
24.1
35.55
34.5
26
24.1
35.55
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
25.9
24.44
35.49
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
26.3
24.44
35.83
35
26.5
24.44
35.89
35
26.2
24.44
35.78
35
26.1
24.44
35.67
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
26.1
24.44
36.67
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
26
24.44
35.55
35
27
24.44
36.37
35
27
24.44
36.37
35
27
24.44
36.37
35
27
24.44
36.37
C. Sy mc in tr R = 6 (600C) G0 = 60 g
Cc cng thc tnh ton c s dng nh trn sy 400C
Vi cc bng kt qu v th sau:
STT
44
126.00
153.33
118.33
226.67
107.00
180.00
98.00
246.67
12
85.67
200.00
15
75.67
200.00
18
65.67
213.33
21
55.00
413.33
24
34.33
213.33
10
27
23.67
193.33
11
30
14.00
146.67
12
33
6.67
146.67
45
t (0C)
Ph (mmHg)
Pb (mmHg)
34.5
28
24.1
37.78
35.8
27
25.89
36.37
35.8
27
25.89
36.37
36
27.1
26.22
36.56
36
27.2
26.22
36.62
36
27
26.22
36.37
36
27
26.22
36.37
36
27
26.22
36.37
35.5
27
25.64
36.37
35.2
27
25.57
36.37
35.2
27
25.57
36.37
35.5
27.1
25.64
36.56
46
400C (Mc 3)
500C (Mc 5)
600C (Mc 7)
125.31
146.92
55
112.33
126.93
76.67
34.38
17.31
6.67
53.48
26.925
10.3737
(0C)
26.39
26.309
27.11667
(0C)
33.8
34.913
35.625
Pb (mmHg)
35.924
35.8778
36.54
Ph (mmHg)
19
24.3813
25.7833
0.101753
0.101753
0.101753
Jm (kg/m2h)
1.722047
1.169809
1.094526
Nlt (%/h)
746.912
507.3869
474.7342
Ntn (%/h)
81.39
157.19
211.11
Klt (1/h)
8.214
3.9147
9.82276
Ktn (1/h)
0.895
1.213
4.638
(h)
0.037
0.1387
0.1039
(h)
0.184
0.32056
0.3363
(h)
0.084
0.3082
0.0717
(h)
0.6
0.724
0.814
(h)
0.121
0.4469
0.1756
(h)
0.784
1.04456
1.1503
Thng s
(kg/m .h.mmHg)
47
8. Bn lun
1. Nhn xt ng cong sy v ng cong tc sy.
- ng cong sy:
+ giai on ng tc: ng cong sy gim u nh mt ng thng do
hm m ca vt liu gim u theo thi gian.
+ giai on gim tc: ng cong sy chuyn t ng thng sang ng
cong, s gim khng u nhau. Hm m gim theo nhit , 600C l thp nht
ri 500C v 400C hm m cui cao nht, do nhit sy khc nhau, nhit
cng cao th kh nang bay hi cng cao, vt liu cng kh.
- ng cong tc sy:
+ giai on ng tc: ng cong tc sy l mt ng thng song song
vi trc x ca th. Gi tr ca N 600C l cao nht. Do N l tc sy, m tc
tc sy cng tng khi nhit tng. Nhng y tc sy 400C v 500C li
bng nhau l do qu trnh tin hnh th nghim c sai st.
+ Giai on gim tc: Gi tr Wk gim dn theo nhit , nhit cng cao gi
tr Wk cng gim. Do nhit cng cao th kh nng bay hi ca vt liu cng cao
nn gi tr Wk cng gim khi nhit tng.
2. cc ch khc nhau th thi gian sy thay i nh th no? ch
no c li hn?
+ Trn thc t th nhit cng cao th thi gian sy cng gim nhng trong
qu trnh tnh ton th khng nh vy, khi tnh ton nhit cng cao th thi gian
sy cng tng, do trong qu trnh lm th nghim c sai st. Nhng thi gian sy l
thuyt th di hn thc nghim.
+ Cc sai st khi lm th nghim dn n nhit cng tng th thi gian sy
cng di:
- Khi bt u sy th m ban u ca vt liu khng u nhau.
- Khi kt thc qu trnh sy th khi lng cui cng ca vt liu cng khng
u nhau, ng ra 3 nhit sy khc nhau th ki lng vt liu cui cng phi
48
49
BI S 5:CHNG LIN TC
Mc ch th nghim:
I.
L thuyt th nghim:
II.
1. Cn bng vt cht
Xt qu trnh chng gin on, thnh phn v lng sn phm lun thay i theo thi
gian.
Lng hn hp u l
vi nng l
. Khi
Lng
rt b ta c th b qua c, n gin i ta c:
50
F W D
x F . F xW .W x . D
QF F .C PF .t F
QD D .C PD .t D
QW W .CPR .tW
Qng D .rD
C PF , C PD , C PW : nhit lng ring ca nhp liu, sn phm nh, sn phm y, J/kg..
51
0
Trong : t v , t r : nhit vo v ra ca nc, C
3. M hnh chng ct
H thng chng ct 7 mm xuyn l
Pha trn cn 20
52
M in tr ni un
si nhp liu
-
Khi nhit nhp liu gn bng nhit si ca nhp liu m bm nhp liu
1.75;2;2.25;2.5;275;3.
Bo co th nghim:
III.
1. Kt qu th nghim
Bng kt qu th nghim nng v nng sut:
STT
VF(%)
VF(l/h)
VD(%)
Vw(l/s)
G(L/s)
20
5.184
92
0.222
20
6.048
97
0.261
20
6.912
98
0.296
20
7.776
98.5
0.437
20
8.64
96
0.543
20
9.504
96.5
0.3
53
VF(%)
VF(%)
STT
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
94.1
90.7
78.3
78.1
83.8
68
29.5
31.1
94.8
91.5
74.8
78.1
87.4
67
29.6
33.9
95.3
91.4
78.4
78.1
87.4
60.2
29.6
33.8
95.5
88.4
78.3
78.1
88.6
55.2
29.6
33.7
96
89.4
78.3
78.1
77.3
57
29.6
32.8
97
93.3
80
78.1
77.3
59.1
29.6
32.8
54
6 20% 6 80%
F
0, 2
46
xF
0, 0892
0, 2 0,8
xF 1 xF
46 18
M F M H 2O
xD
MR
92
xD
46 0,818
92 8
xD 1 xD
46 18
M F M H 2O
xW
xW
MR
xW 1 xW
M F M H 2O
4
46
4 96
46 18
0, 02436
D W F
W 268,8
ng ct:
x
R
5,184
0,818
y
x D
x
0,83829 x 0,132
R 1
R 1 5,184 1
5,184 1
ng chng:
292, 75
292, 75
5,184
1
LR
L 1
23,92
23,92
y
x
xw
x
0, 02436 2,817 x 0, 044
R 1
R 1
5,184 1
5,184 1
F
L , lng hn hp nhp liu so vi sn phm nh.
D
Cn bng nng lng
55
t0 C
100
10
20
30
40
50
90
100
89.8
100
78.4
78.4
80
60
79.4
70
79
Bng 1
STT
XF
XD
XW
0.0892
292.75
0.818
0.02436
0.0892
292.75
0.927
0.00792
0.0892
292.75
0.95
0.005923
0.0892
292.75
0.963
0.003937
0.0892
292.75
0.904
0.01196
0.0892
292.75
0.915
0.01196
Cn bng vt cht
56
80
78.6
STT
5.184
292.75
23.92
268.8
6.048
292.75
25.89
266.86
6.912
292.75
25.823
266.926
7.776
292.75
26.026
266.72
8.64
292.75
25.349
267.4
9.504
292.75
25.04
267.7
STT
5.184
y=2.817x-0.044
y=0.838292x+0.133
6.048
y=2.462x-0.012
y=0.897x+ 0.131
6.912
y=2.306x-0.008
y=0.873x+0.12
7.776
y=2.167x-0.005
y=0.886x+0.109
8.64
y=2.094x-0.013
y=0.896+0.093
9.504
y=2.018x-0.012
y=0.905x+0.00012
57
STT
G
(l/h)
Qng
300
769.26
18,449.8
1
22,635.0
3
6,088.37
304.42
300
1,633.1
3
18,178.4
9
22,669.8
7
7,282.52
364.13
300
1,684.6
7
16,333.5
1
22,650.7
0
1,881.37 224.58
990.83
8,984.75
449.24
300
1,681.2
0
14,976.9
0
21,890.3
3
1,896.16 255.55
49.50
9,537.08
476.85
300
1,389.4
4
15,465.2
8
22,194.4
0
1,846.84
18.96
3,002.58
9,059.45
452.97
300
1,407.7
1
16,035.0
5
23,188.6
0
1,824.32
18.73
3,974.81
9,441.43
472.07
QF
QW
QD
QIID
QIIW
nghim
ThTh
nghim
1 1
Ru
Etylic
Ru
Etylic
58
QK
Qm
Ru Etylic
Th nghim 3
Ru Etylic
59
Ru Etylic
60
61
4. Bn lun
1. Bn v nh hng ca dng hon lu n tinh khit ca sn phm v hiu sut mm
v hiu sut tng qut ca ct chng ct.
-
Dng hon lu cng nhiu th tinh khit ca sn phm cng cao, v dng
hon lu s nhp tr li vo phn nhp liu, v vy dng hon lu cng nhiu th tinh
khit ca nguyn liu ban u cng cao, m tinh khit ca nguyn kiu cng cao th
tinh khit ca sn phm s cng cao. Nhng dng hon lu cng nhiu th thi gian
chng ct s cng di, tinh khit cng cao.
-
thuyt cng t, dn n hiu sut tng qut cng thp. Do dng hon lu c lin quan ti
ch s hon lu, m ch s hon lu cng tng th s bc thang cng t. M ch s bc
thang cng t th hiu sut tng qut cng t.
-
Lo
. Khi
D
62