HC VIN NGN HNG

BI THO LUN
ti: Nghip v chit khu v cho vay cm c ca NHNN Vit Nam
Nhm 5 thc hin

H Ni, ngy 25 thng 03 nm 2012

I.

Khi qut v nghip v chit khu v nghip v cho vay cm c ca ngn hng trung ng 1. Nghip v chit khu

Chit khu, ti chit khu (sau y gi chung l chit khu) giy t c gi ca cc ngn hng l nghip v Ngn hng Nh nc mua ngn hn cc giy t c gi cn thi hn thanh ton, m cc giy t c gi ny c cc ngn hng giao dch trn th trng s cp hoc th trng th cp
(Theo Quyt nh s 12/2008/Q-NHNN)

2. Nghip v cho vay cm c Cho vay c bo m bng cm c giy t c gi (sau y gi tt l cho vay cm c) l hnh thc cho vay ca Ngn hng Nh nc Vit Nam (sau y gi tt l Ngn hng Nh nc) i vi cc t chc tn dng trn c s cm c giy t c gi thuc s hu ca t chc tn dng m bo ngha v tr n
(Theo thng t s 17/2011/TT-NHNN)

II.

So snh 2 nghip v chit khu v cho vay cm c ca NHNN Vit Nam Ging nhau: Mc ch: u l hnh thc ti cp vn ca Ngn hng Trung ng nhm cung ng vn ngn hn v phng tin thanh ton cho cc Ngn hng v cc t chc Tn dng. Li sut: Do NHTW cng b ph hp mc tiu CSTT tng thi k X l thu hi n bt buc: NHNN trch ti khon tin gi xin vay ti NHNN chuyn s tin thiu ca ngn hng sang n qu hn v p li sut qu hn = 150% LS ghi trn hp ng Phng thc thc hin: Phng thc trc tip v phng thc gin tip Khc nhau:

Nghip v Cho vay cm c Cc t chc tn dng c thnh lp v hot ng theo Lut Cc t Cc ngn hng c Ngn hng chc tn dng, bao gm ngn i tng, Nh nc chit khu, ti chit hng, t chc tn dng phi ngn phm vi p khu l cc ngn hng c thnh hng, Qu tn dng nhn dn dng lp v hot ng theo Lut Cc t trung ng v chi nhnh ngn chc tn dng. hng nc ngoi. Cho vay c bo m bng cm c giy t c gi ( gi tt l cho vay cm c) l hnh thc cho vay ca Ngn hng Nh nc Vit Nam i vi cc t chc tn dng trn c s cm c giy t c gi thuc s hu ca t chc tn dng m bo ngha v tr n. Cm c giy t c gi l vic Ngn hng Nh nc nm gi bn gc giy t c gi hoc yu cu t chc tn dng chuyn khon giy t c gi vo ti khon ca Ngn hng Nh nc m ti Trung tm lu k chng khon Vit Nam m bo thc hin ngha v tr n cho mt hay nhiu khon vay cm c ca t chc tn dng ti Ngn hng Nh nc. Cc t chc tn dng giao dch thng qua h thng mng giao dch nghip v th trng tin t theo hng dn ca Ngn hng Nh nc.

Nghip v Chit khu

Bn cht

Chit khu, ti chit khu (gi chung l chit khu) giy t c gi ca ngn hng l nghip v Ngn hng Nh nc mua cc giy t c gi cn thi hn thanh ton, m cc giy t c gi ny cc ngn hng mua trn th trng s cp hoc mua li trn th trng th cp.

Phng thc thc hin (gin tip)

Cc ngn hng giao dch thng qua h thng ni mng vi tnh vi Ngn hng Nh nc hoc qua FAX.

Cc loi giy t c gi

Cc giy t c gi c Ngn hng Nh nc chit khu bao gm tn phiu kho bc, tri phiu Do Thng c Ngn hng Nh kho bc, tn phiu Ngn hng Nh nc quy nh trong tng thi k. nc v cc loi giy t c gi khc c Thng c Ngn hng Nh nc quy nh trong tng

thi k. a. Trng hp chit khu ton b thi hn cn li ca giy t c gi: Thi hn cn li ti a ca a) c php chuyn nhng; giy t c gi l 91 ngy; b) Thuc s hu hp php ca t b. Trng hp chit khu c k chc tn dng ngh vay; iu kin hn: Thi hn cn li ca giy t c) C thi hn cn li ti thiu tiu chun c gi phi di hn thi hn Ngn bng thi gian vay; ca cc hng Nh nc chit khu. d) Khng phi l giy t c gi do loi giy t c. Cc giy t c gi c pht t chc tn dng ngh vay pht hnh bng ng Vit Nam (VN) hnh. v c th chuyn nhng c.

1. L cc t chc tn dng quy nh khng b t vo tnh trng kim sot c bit; 2. C giy t c gi tiu chun Khng c quy nh c th. Tuy v thuc danh mc cc giy t c nhin,Ngn hng Nh nc gi c s dng cm c vay vn khng chit khu trong cc ti Ngn hng Nh nc theo quy trng hp: nh. 1. Ngn hng s dng ht hn 3. C mc ch vay vn ph hp mc chit khu. vi mc tiu iu hnh chnh sch iu kin 2. Cc giy t c gi tr khng tin t ca Ngn hng Nh nc ca cc i iu kin theo quy nh ti iu 5 trong tng thi k; tng Quy ch ny; 4. C h s ngh vay cm c 3. Giy ngh chit khu gi ti Ngn hng Nh nc theo Ngn hng Nh nc c ni dung ng quy nh. khng ph hp vi Mu s 01, 5. Khng c n qu hn ti Ngn ngi k khng ng thm hng Nh nc ti thi im quyn; ngh vay vn; 6. C cam kt v s dng tin vay cm c ng mc ch, tr n gc v li cho Ngn hng Nh nc ng thi gian quy nh. Hn mc chit khu l mc chit 1. Cn c mc tiu chnh sch khu ti a, tnh theo s d, ca tin t trong tng thi k, nhu cu Ngn hng Nh nc cho mt vay vn, gi tr giy t c gi lm ngn hng ti mi thi im trong bo m v d n cc khon vay qu. khc ca t chc tn dng ti

Hn mc

Thi hn

1. Cn c vo mc tiu ca chnh Ngn hng Nh nc, Ngn hng sch tin t v tng khi lng Nh nc quyt nh mc cho tin cung ng c ph duyt, vay cm c i vi t chc tn Thng c Ngn hng Nh nc dng ngh vay. quyt nh tng hn mc dnh 2. Mc cho vay ti a khng vt cho nghip v chit khu trong qu gi tr giy t c gi lm bo tng thi k. m c quy i theo quy nh 2. Cn c vo tng hn mc chit ca Ngn hng Nh nc. khu, Ngn hng Nh nc phn b hn mc chit khu cho tng ngn hng theo cng thc sau: H=VxSxk Trong : - H: Hn mc chit khu ca ngn hng - V: Vn t c ca ngn hng - S: T trng gia d n tn dng bng VN so vi tng ti sn c 1. Thi hn cho vay cm c l di 12 thng v khng vt qu thi hn cn li ca giy t c gi c cm c. Thi hn cho vay cm c bao gm c ngy ngh, ngy l. Trng hp ngy tr n trng vo ngy ngh, ngy l th thi hn cho vay c ko di n ngy lm vic tip theo. Theo 2 hnh thc: Ton b thi 2. Cn c mc ch vay vn ca hn cn li ca giy t (khng t chc tn dng, Ngn hng Nh qu 91 ngy)hoc theo 1 k hn nc quyt nh thi hn cho vay, nht nh. k hn thu n trong tng trng hp c th. 3. Trng hp c bit, Ngn hng Nh nc c th xem xt gia hn khon vay cm c trn c s ngh ca t chc tn dng v l do gia hn ph hp vi nh hng iu hnh chnh sch tin t ca Ngn hng Nh nc. - Li sut chit khu l li sut - Li sut cho vay cm c i vi Ngn hng Nh nc p dng cc t chc tn dng l li sut ti tnh s tin thanh ton khi cp vn ca Ngn hng Nh nc

Li sut

thc hin chit khu giy t c gi. Li sut chit khu do Ngn hng Nh nc xc nh v cng b, ph hp vi mc tiu ca chnh sch tin t trong tng thi k. - Li sut thp hn li sut th trng

p dng khi cho vay cm c i vi cc t chc tn dng ti thi im gii ngn khon vay v duy tr trong sut thi hn cho vay. - Trng hp d n vay cm c b chuyn sang n qu hn th t chc tn dng phi chu li sut qu hn bng 150% li sut cho vay ghi trn hp ng tn dng. - Cao hn li sut th trng

III. Nhn xt v cc vn bn php quy - Xu th ca 2 nghip v 1. im ph hp v cha ph hp ca cc vn bn php quy a. im ph hp NV chit khu - Quy nh c th iu kin v giy t c gi v i tng cho vay, trch nhim ca cc bn lin quan, - u tin chit khu, ti chit khu cho NH hot ng trong cc lnh vc ph hp vi nh hng pht trin kinh t - x hi, mc tiu CSTT tng thi k - C nhiu s iu chnh thch hp tng tnh hp dn i vi cc NHTM (Gim mc p li sut qu hn, iu kin mm mng, rng ri hn vi GTCG) NV cho vay cm c - Phm vi p dng m rng, c th v y hn - Lm r hn cn c quyt nh mc cho vay cm c, thi hn, trch nhim ca cc n v thuc NHNN trong vic kim tra, kim sot - B sung ni dung V CSTT tham mu cho NHNN xc nh v cng b li sut TCV b. im cha ph hp NV chit khu - i tng p dng cn hn ch, u tin cho NHTM NV cho vay cm c - Thi gian cho vay cm c giy t c gi (GTCG) ca NHNN cn di - Khng c nhiu khc bit gia hnh thc chit khu c thi hn v hnh thc cm c GTCG c thi hn. Tuy nhin li sut p dng li khc nhau 2. Xu th ca 2 nghip v - M rng phm vi i tng

Theo Thng t s 01/2012/TT-NHNN (c hiu lc vo u ngy 31/03/2012), phm vi, i tng c p dng chit khu, ti chit khu ca NHTW c m rng ra cho cc t chc tn dng phi ngn hng, chi nhnh ngn hng nc ngoi, Qu Tn dng nhn dn Trung ng trong thi gian cha chuyn i thnh Ngn hng hp tc x theo quy nh ca Lut cc t chc tn dng. - C th hn cc iu khon Lm r hn trch nhim ca cc bn lin quan - Tng tnh hp dn nhng vn m bo mc tiu chnh sch tin t Thng qua gim mc li sut qu hn, m rng quy nh v cc giy t c gi, m rng hn mc chit khu,

HT

Danh sch nhm 5

STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

H v tn L c Thng L Th Qunh Nguyn Th Tm Nguyn Thy An V Xun Thy Nguyn Qunh Hoa Nguyn Th Yn Trng Vn Tung on Th Nhi Nguyn Th Thanh Bnh