n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Chng I

GII THIU CHUNG

1.1 NHIM V N MN HC
Thit k h thng x l nc thi cho nh my tinh bt khoai m TN CHU SINGAPORE
tnh Ty Ninh. nc thi xau x l t tiu chun thi vo ngun loi B (TCVN 5945 1995).
1.2 NI DUNG THC HIN
La chn cng ngh thch hp x l nc thi theo phng n hp l nht.
Tnh ton thit k cho tng cng trnh n v theo lu lng v tnh cht nc thi ca nh my.
ra phng n vn hnh v nu ln 1 s s c cn trnh cng nh bin php gii quyt s c.
So snh v tn kinh t cho tng trng trng hp.
1.3 GII THIU S LC KU VC THIT K
Nh my Tn Chu Singapore nm tnh Ty Ninh. Din tch nh my kong 80000 m2 (Trn Th M
Diu, 2003). Cch h du tin kong 200 m, pha ng gip mt nhnh sng ca . Do thuc ku

vc min ng nam b chu nh hng ca thi tit cn sch o. nhit trung bnh quanh nm
(27 34oC). thi tit chia lm hai ma, ma nng khong t thng 12 thng 5, ma ma
khong t thng 6 thng 11.

1-1

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

CHNG II

XC NH LU LNG, TNH CHT NGUN

NC V LA CHN CNG NGH X L
2.1 LU LNG
Cng xut nh my c thit k 100 tn/ ngy.
Lu lng nc thi 2000 m3/ ngy.
(ngun: Trn Th M Diu, 2003)

2.2 TNH CHT NC THI V TIU CHUN X THI

Thng s

TCVN 5945 1995

Ngun loi A
Ngun loi B

n v

Nc thi

Color

Trng

pH

45

69

5.5 9

mg/ l

595

mgCaCO3/ l

526

SS

mg/ l

4920

50

100

VSS

mg/ l

4740

BOD5

7500

20

50

CODtotal

11629

50

100

CODfilter

4537

N_NH3

336

0.1

N_NO3

0.80

N_Org

57

SO42-

7.19

PO4

35.12

mg/ l

24

0.05

0.1

TDS
Acidity

CN

2-1

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

2.3 LA CHN S CNG NGH

2.3.1 S Cng Ngh

nc
tch ct

sn phi ct

kh sinh hc
song
nc chn
thi rc

nc tch bn

UAF

b
lng
ct

b lng &
tch vng

thc n
gia sc

ngun
tip nhn

UASB

b
trn

b iu ho

bn tun hon
b lng
ng

h sinh hc

aroten

h sinh hc

b nn
bn

bn thi
bn tun hon

nc tch bn
sn phi bn

my thi kh
bn thi

2.3.2 Gii Thch S Cng Ngh

x l nc thi thng ng dng cc phng php x l nh sau: x l c hc, ho hc, ho
l v sinh hc.
Cc phng php c la chn x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m:
X l c hc;
X l ho l;
X l sinh hc.
Cc cng ngh c la chn cho cc phng php trn:
X l c hc:
Song chn rc (SCR);
B lng ct ngang;
B lng v tch vng;
2-2

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

B iu ho;
B lng t II (b lng ng);
B nn bn;
Sn phi bn.
X l ho l:

B khuy trn.

X l sinh hc: iu kin nhn to:

iu kin t nhin:

X l k kh:

UAF
UASB
X l hiu kh: Arotank
H sinh hc.

Chc nng ca tng cng trnh:

X l c hc:
- SCR: lm nhim v gi li cc tp cht th (ch yu l rc) c trong nc thi.
- B lng ct ngang: lm nhim v loi b cc tp cht v c khng ho tan nh ct, si, x
v cc vt liu rn khc c vn tc lng (hay trng lng ring)ln hn cc cht hu c
c th phn hu trong nc thi.
- B lng v tch vng: tch lng vng ni trn b mt nc thi.
- B iu ho: lm nhim v iu ho lu lng v tng tnh an ton khi vn hnh h
thng.
- B lng t II (b lng ng): lm nhim v lng hn hp nc bn t b aroten dn
n.
- B nn bn: Lm gim m ca bn hot tnh d t b lng t II bng cch (nn) c
hc t m thch hp.
- Sn phi bn: lm ro nc trong cn v gim m ca bn thi.
X l ho l:
- B khuy trn: khuy trn u ho cht chm vo nc thi.
X l sinh hc: (trong iu kin nhn to)
- X l k kh:u im:
X l SS BOD COD cao;
Cn t din tch;
Bn d t;
Sn xut biogas;
Tn t chi ph cho vic cung cp nng lng v dinh dng.
Nhc im: Kh t tiu chun x thi;
Vn mi;
Vn hnh phc tp.
Cng ngh la chn: UAF, UASB.
UAF: Thnh phn nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m vi lng cn l lng (SS) cao 4920
khng thch hp x l lin vi UASB (SS < 3000 mg/l). V vy b UAF c
chn x l lng SS ln ny. Ngoi ra khi nc thi qua UAF th mt phn cht
hu c cng c kh bt. Hiu qu x l SS t khong 75 83%, CODtng (7,3
10,8%), CODfilter (> 75%), sCOD (< 0,5%). Nc thi sau khi x l c bm vo
UASB tip tc x l, cn bn thi sinh ra trong qu trnh x l c dng lm
thc n gia sc.
UASB: X l mt lng ng k cht hu c. Vi hiu qu x l: CODtng (88,4 91,9%),
sCOD b kh (85,2 92,2%).
2-3

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

X l hiu kh:u im:

X l trit ;
Vn hnh n gin.
Nhc im: X l COD c nng thp;
Bn d nhiu;
Din tch ln;
Tn chi ph cho vic cung cp nng lng v dinh dng.
Cng ngh la chn: Arten:
Arten: Dng x l trit lng cht hu c cn li t UASB dn vo. Hiu qu x l
BOD5 = 85%.
X l sinh hc: (trong iu kin t nhin).
- H sinh vt: gim thiu nng cht hu c v cht dinh dng n mc thp nht
t tiu chun x thi cng nghip ti Vit Nam (ngun loi B).

2-4

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Chng III

TNH TON THIT K CC CNG TRNH

N V
3.1 TNH TON THIT K SONG CHN RC TH
3.1.1 Tnh Ton Mng Dn
Chn mng tit din hnh ch nht, lu lng Qng = 2000 m3/ ng = 0,023 m3/ s
Q
Din tch mt ct t W : W =
v
Vn tc chuyn ng nc thi trc song chn rc(SCR) v: v = 0,4 1 m/s. Ti u v = 0,6 m/s
W=

Q 0,023m 3 / s
=
= 0,038 m2
v
0,6m / s

Chiu rng mng B: Chn B = 0,3 m

Chiu su mc nc trong mng dn h: h =
h=

W
B

W 0,038
=
= 0,13 m
B
0,3

Xc nh dc thu lc i: v = c i R

i=

v2
c2 R

Trong :

1
Ry
n
n: h s nhm n = 0 013
dien.tich.uoc B h 0,3m 0,13m
R: bn kn thu lc R =
=
=
= 0,07 m
chu.vi.uoc
b + 2h 0,3 + 2 0,13
y: h s ph thuc vo R
c: h s sri c =

R < 1 ph thuc y = 1,5 n1/2 y = h s ph thuc = 1,5 0,0131/2

= 9,75 10-3
9 , 7510 3
1
1
c = Ry =
0,07
= 59
0.013
n
0,6 2
v2
i= 2
= 2
= 0,0015
c R 59 0,07
3.1.2 Tnh Ton Song Chn Rc
Q K
S khe h ca SCR n: n =
l hL v
Trong :
K= 1,05 h s tnh n mc cn tr ca dng chy do h tng co rc.
3-1

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

hL = hmax = 0,13 (m). chiu su ca lp nc SCR ly bng chiu su mc nc trong

mng dn.
l = 0,016 (m). khong cch gia cc khe h.
v = 0,6 (m/s). tc nc cy qua SCR
Q K
0,023m 3 / s 1,05
n=
=
= 19 (khe)
l hL v 0,016m 0,13m 0,6m / s
Chiu rng ca SCR Bs: Bs = s (n 1) + l n
B dy ca thanh chn s: Thng ly s = 0,008 (m)
Bs = s (n 1) + l n = 0,008 (19 1) + 0,016 19 = 0,45 (m)
Chiu di xy dng ca phn mng t SCR, L: L = L1 + L2 + LS
Trong :
L1: Chiu di m rng trc SCR
B Bm 0,45 0,3
L1 = s
=
= 0,2 (m)
: gc nghin m rng = 20 0
2tg
2tg 20
L2: chiu di phn m rng sau SCR
L
0,2
L2 = 1 =
= 0,1 (m)
2
2
LS: Chiu di phn dt SCR LS = 1,5 (m)
Chiu su xy dng ca phn mng t SCR, H: H = hmax + hs + 0.5
Trong :
0,5: chiu cao lp nc bo v.
4

2
s 3 v
sin (m)
hs : tn tht p lc: hs =
2g
l
= 60 0 vt rc th cng, quy phm 45 - 600
= 1,83 chn thanh trc trn sau vung

0.008
hs = 1.83

0.016

v2
sin 60 0 = 0,59 10 3
2g

H = hmax + hs + 0,5 = 0,13 + 0,59 10-3 + 0,5 = 0,6 (m)

B dy ca thanh chn, s: Thng ly s = 0,008 (m)

Chiu dy ca thanh chn, d: chn d = 20mm
Chiu cao ca thanh chn, ht: ht = cotg 300 H = cotg300 0,6 = 1(m)
Chiu cao ca lp nc qua thanh chn, hnt: hnt = cotg 300 h = cotg300 0,13 = 0,23(m)
S thanh chn : n 1 = 19 1 = 18 (thanh)

3-2

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Tc dng chy qua song chn vsc:

hL =

1 u2 v2

u = 0,7 2 g hl + v 2 = 0,7 2 9,8 0,59 10 3 + 0,6 2 = 0,6 (m/s)

0,7
2g

Cc thng s thit k v kch thc SCR

TT

Thng s

n v

Gi tr

Tc chy trong mng

m/s

0,6

Lu lng trung bnh

m3/s

83,3

Kch thc mng, B H

Chiu rng B

mm

300

su, H

mm

650

Chiu cao lp nc trong mng, h

mm

130

B rng, s

mm

B dy, d

mm

20

Chiu cao ht

mm

1000

Kch thc thanh, s d

Khe h gia cc thanh

mm

16

S khe h ca SCR

khe

19

S thanh ca SCR

thanh

18

Tc dng chy qua song chn, v

m/s

0,6

Tn tht p lc qua song chn, hs

mm

0,00059

3.2 TNH TON B LNG CT NGANG

3.2.1 Tnh Ton Thu Lc Mng Dn Nc Thi t SCR n B Lng Ct
Thng s

n v

Gi tr

Chiu ngang, B

mm

300

su, H

mm

650

dc, i

mm

14

Vn tc, v

m/s

0,6

y, h

mm

130

3.2.2 Tnh Ton B Lng Ct Ngang

Chn ng knh ht ct d = 0,2 mm ln thu lc ca ht uo = 18,7 mm/s = 0,0187 m/s

(ngun: CNXL nc thi, Trn Th M Diu)

Din tch mt thong BLC: F = k

Q
0,023m 3 / s
= 1,7
= 2 m2
uo
0,0187 m / s

3-3

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Trong :
Q: Lu lng nc thi Q = 0,023 m3/s
u o : ln thu lc ca ht, u o = 0,0187 (m/s)

k: h s n hng ca dng chy n vn tc lng.

k = 1,3 khi uo = 24,2 mm/s
k = 1,7 khi uo = 18,7 mm/s
(iu 6.3.3 TCXD 51 84)

Chiu di b L:
T s gia chiu di v chiu su:

L
v
=k
H
uo

Trong :
L: ciu di b (m)
H: chiu su lp nc trong b, ly bng y trong mng dn, H = 0,13 m
v: vn tc chy trong b, v = 0,15 (m/s)
( cht hu c khng lng, vn tc dng chy phi kng i, v = 0,2 0,15m/s. mc
d lu lng qua b thy i t Qmax Qmin)
(ngun: Tnh Ton Thit K Cc Cng Trnh XLNT, Trn Th M Diu)

0.15
L
v
= k * = 1.7 *
= 13.6 (m)
0.0187
H
uo
L = 13,6 H
H s an ton: f = 1,2 1,5 chn f = 1.4 L = 19 H
= 19 0,13 = 2,5 (m)
F
2
Chiu rng bB: B = =
= 0,8 (m)
L 2,5

Lng ct trung bnh sinh ra mi ngy tnh theo cng thc:

Wc =

tb
ng

qo

1000

Wc =

tb
ng

qo

1000

2000m 3 / ngd 0,15

= 0,3 (m3/ng)
1000

Trong :

tb
ng

qo :

: Lu lng nc thi trung bnh ngy

Lng ct trong 1000m3 nc thi, q o = 0.15 m3ct/1000m3

Chiu cao lp ct trong b lng ct tnh theo cng thc: H c =

Hc =

Wc t
Lbn

Wc t
0.3m 3 / ngd 1 / 2ngay
=
= 0,075 (m)
Lbn
2,5m 0,4m * 2

Trong :
t : chu k x ct, t =1/2 ngy.
Chiu cao xy dng ca b lng ct ngang : Hxd = Hct + Hc + Hbv
= 0,13 + 0,075 + 0,4 = 0,6 (m)
Trong :
Hct: chiu cao cng tc ca BLC
Hc: chiu cao lp ct trong BLC
Hbv: chiu cao bo v, kong cch t mc nc n thnh b, (m)

3-4

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Tnh ton sn phi ct:

Nhim v ca sn phi ct l lm ro nc trong hn hp ct nc d dng vn chuyn ct
i ni khc.
W 365 0.3m 3 / ngd 365ngd
Din tch hu ch ca sn phi ct: F = c
=
= 27 m2
h
4m / nam
Trong :
h:chiu cao lp bn ct trong nm h = 4 -5 (m/nm)
(khi ly ct phi kh theo chu k)

Chn sn phi ct gm 3 , din tch mi l 27 3 = 9 m2

Kch thc mi : L B = 2 4,5 (m)
Cc thng s thit k v kch thc BLC
TT

Thng s

n v

Gi tr

60

m/s

0.15

m /s

0.023

Rng, B

0.8

Di, L

2.5

0.6

Chiu cao cng tc, Hct

0.13

Chiu cao lp ct, Hc

0.075

Chiu cao bo v, Hbv

0.4

ngn

0.4

Rng, B

Di, L

4.5

Thi gian lu nc

Vn tc chuyn ng ngang

Lu lng trung bnh

Kch thc b lng ct, B * L

Chiu cao xy dng, H

S ngn cng tc
Chiu rng ngn, b

Kch thc sn phi ct

S phi ct
Kch thc , L B

3.3 TNH TON B LNG V TCH VNG

Tnh th tch b. V = Q t =

2000m 3 / ngd 60 phut

= 83m 3
60 phut 24h

Trong : t: thi gian lu nc trong b t = 20 60 pht

3-5

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Chia lm hai b th tch mi b V1 = 42 (m3)

Chn chiu cao b: H = 2 m
V 42
=
= 21m 2
H
2
Chiu rng b: B = 3 m
Chiu di b: L = 7 m

Din tch b: F =

Tc my gt cn 0,9 m/pht
Tc my gt bt 0,9 m/pht.
3.4 TNH TON THIT K B IU HO

Lu lng nc thi nh my Q = 200m3/ng

Nh my lm vic theo ch 2 ca:
Ca I: QI = 50% Qng = 0,5 2000 = 1000 (m3/ng)
Ca II: QII = 50% Qng = 0,5 2000 = 1000 (m3/ng)
Bng tng hp lu lng nc ca nh my:
Ca
06 _ 07
07 _ 08
08 _ 09
09 _ 10
10_11
11 _ 12
12 _ 13
13 _ 14
14 _ 15
15 _ 16
16 _ 17
17 _ 18
18 _19
19 _ 20
20 _ 21
21 _ 22
Tng

%Qng
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
100%

m3
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
2000

Bng th tch b iu ho:

Gi
00 _ 01
01 _ 02
02 _ 03
03 _ 04
04 _ 05

Vo,
(m3)
0
0
0
0
0

Ra,
(m3)
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4

Cn li
-83.4
-166.8
-250.2
-333.6
-417

3-6

Ts Trn Th M Diu

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

05 _ 06
06 _ 07
07 _ 08
08 _ 09
09 _ 10
10 _ 11
11 _ 12
12 _ 13
13 _ 14
14 _ 15
15 _ 16
16 _ 17
17 _ 18
18 _ 19
19 _ 20
20 _ 21
21 _ 22
22 _ 23
23 _ 24

0
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
0
0

83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4
83.4

Ts Trn Th M Diu

-500
-458.4
-416.8
-375.2
-333.6
-292
-250
-208.4
-166.8
-125.2
-83.6
-42
0
41.6
83.2
124.8
166.8
83.4
0

V = 500 + 170 = 670 (m3)

Th tch b iu ho, V:

Chn:
Chiu cao hu dng ca b l: H1 = 4,5 (m)
Chiu cao bo v ca b l: H2 = 0,3 (m)
Tng chiu cao ca b l: H = H1 + H2 = 4,5 + 0,3 = 4,8 (m)
Chiu rng b: B = 10 (m)
Chiu di b: L = 15 (m)
Cc thng s thit k v kch thc b iu ho
TT

Thng s

n v

Gi tr

Lu lng gi trung bnh.

m3/ng

83,4

Th tch b, V

m3

670

Chiu di, L

15

Chiu rng, B

10

Chiu cao hu dng, H1

4,5

Chiu cao tng cng, H

4,8

Bng thnh phn nc thi ca nh my sau khi ra khi b iu ho v voUAF

Thng s

TCVN 5945 1995

Ngun loi A
Ngun loi B

n v

Nc thi

Color

Trng

pH

78

69

5,5 9

mg/ l

595

mgCaCO3/ l

526

TDS
Acidity

3-7

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

SS

mg/ l

4920

50

100

VSS

mg/ l

4740

BOD5

7500

20

50

CODtotal

11629

50

100

CODfilter

4537

N_NH3

336

0.1

N_NO3

0,80

N_Org

57

SO42-

7,19

PO4

35,12

mg/ l

24

0,05

0,1

CN

3.5 TNH TON THIT K B UAF

Tnh ton b b UAF mc ch x l lng SS.

Khong 20-25 ngy lm sch mng 1ln.
3.5.1 Tnh Th Tch V Kch Thc B

S liu thit k: - Ti trng SS: Lss= 6kgSS/m3 ng (3,8 6,2 kgSS/m3 ng)
- Vn tc dng chy: v = 0,24 m/h
(ngun: Hunh Ngc Phng Mai, 2006 )

Th tch hu dng ca thit b UAF:

m3
g
2000
4920 3
Q S ss
ng
m
Vn =
=
= 1640m 3
g
Lss
6000 3
m ng
Tng th tch phn cha hn hp nc thi trong thit b:
V
1640m 3
Vl = n =
= 1864m 3
E
0,88
Trong : E: h s hu ch = 0,8 0,9
Tnh din tch thit b UAF:
m3
2000
Q
ng
A= =
= 347,2m 2 ly bng 348m2
3
v
m
h
0,24
24
h
ng
Chia lm 8 b din tch mi b = 348 8 = 43,5m2

Tnh ng knh thit b UAF, b dng hnh tr trn:

D 2
A=
= 43,5m 2 D = 7,5m A = 44,6m2
4
3-8

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

B lm bng b tng ct thp

Chiu cao phn cha hn hp nc thi trong thit b:
V
1864m 3
Hl = l =
= 5,5m
8 A 8 44m 2

Th tch UAF: Vl = A H l = 44,6 5,5 = 245,3m 3

3.5.2 Tnh Ton Thit B Thu Kh v Ly Nc Ra

Thit b thu kh
Din tch b mt ca phn khe h 15-20% tng din tch b mt ca b.
Akhe = 15%A = 15% 44,6m2 = 6,69m2 ly bng 10m2
Din tch y hnh nn ca chp thu kh
Achp= A Akhe = 44,6m2 10m2 = 34,6m2
ng knh y ca chp thu kh
D 2
Achp =
= 34,6m 2 Dchup = 6,6m
4
Chiu cao ca thit b thu kh:HG
Gc nghing ca thit b tch pha 600
Dchup
6,6
=
=2
HG =
2tg 60 2 3
Thit b ly nc ra
B tr mng quanh thnh b
B rng mng b = 30cm = 0,3m
Chiu di mng L = ( D 2b) = 3,14 (7,5 2 0,3) = 21,7m

a=

Q
8L

2000
=

m3
1 ngd

ngd 86400 s
= 1,33 10 4 m3/ms
8 21,7 m

Chn ti trng mng thu nc a = 1,3310-4 m3/ms> ti trng a = 210-3 m3/m.s

Mng ch V: 5 ch V/1m
Lu lng qua khe ch V
a 1,33 10 4
m3
= 2,67 10 5
q= =
5
5
s

q = 1,4h

h = 0,013m 13mm

y ch V = 6cm
3-9

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Khong cch gia cc nh ch V = 20cm

Q
3,85 10 3
=
= 0,0006m 0,6mm
Chiu cao mc nc trong mng =
L b 21,7 0,3
Chiu cao ton mng = 20cm
Thit b a nc vo
Thit b phn phi nc vo l dn ng khoan l.
Tuyn ng gm:-1 ng chnh:-ng knh = 70mm
-vn tc = 1,12m/s
-11 ng nhnh:-ng knh = 50mm
-vn tc = 0,23 m/s
3.5.3 Tnh Lp Vt Liu Lc

Vt liu lc l g thng, kch thc l H L W: 20 30 2 mm. Th tch lp vt liu lc

chim 65% th tch b.
th tch ca lp vt liu lc = 65% 320 m3 = 208 m3
3.5.4 Tnh Thi Gian Lu Nc

(Vl VVLL ) 6 (320 208)m 3 6

=
24 h
= 8h
ngd
Q
2000m 3 / ngd
Thi gian lu nc trong b UAF dao ng trong khong 4,6 4,7 gi l ph hp nn thi gian
lu nc 8 gi s m bo tnh an ton cho h thng.
HRT =

3.5.5 Hiu Qu X L

Hiu qu x l ca b UAF : SS c x l ( 75% - 83% ) chn 80%; CODtng gim (7,3% 10,8%) chn 10%; CODfilter b kh(> 75%) chn 80%; sCOD kh(<0,5%).
(ngun: Hunh Ngc Phng Mai, 2006 )

TT

Thng s

1
2
3
4

n v

Gi tr

SS dng vo

mg/l

4920

SS dng ra

mg/l

984

CODtng vo

mg/l

11629

CODtng ra

mg/l

10466

CODfilter vo

mg/l

4537

CODfilter ra

mg/l

907,4

BOD5 = sCOD /1,6 vo

mg/l

7500

BOD5 = sCOD /1,6 ra

mg/l

7265

3.5.6 Cc Thng S Thit K V Kch Thc UAF

3 - 10

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

TT

Thng s

Ts Trn Th M Diu

n v

Gi tr

Din tch b mt phn lng.

m2

64

Th tch ngn phn ng.

m3

320

Kch thc mi n nguyn:

S lng,

ci

ng knh, D

Chiu cao, Hl

S lng,

ci

ng knh y, Dchp

Chiu cao, HG

2,5

Kch thc phu thu kh:

Kch thc mng thu nc:

Mng ch V

Chiu rng, b

Chiu di, L

Chiu cao, H

Chiu cao mc nc trong mng, Hnc

y ch V

Khong cch cc nh ch V

5 ch
V/1m
0,3
26,3
0,2
0,005
0,06
0,2

ng phn phi:
S lng,

ci/ n nguyn
m2

Din tch mi u.

Bng thnh phn nc thi ca nh my sau khi ra khi b UAF v voUASB

Thng s

TCVN 5945 1995

Ngun loi A
Ngun loi B

n v

Nc thi

Color

Trng

pH

78

69

5.5 9

mg/ l

595

mgCaCO3/ l

526

SS

mg/ l

984

50

100

VSS

mg/ l

948

BOD5

7265

20

50

CODtotal

10466

50

100

CODfilter

4537

N_NH3

336

0.1

N_NO3

0.80

TDS
Acidity

3 - 11

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

N_Org

57

SO42-

7.19

PO4

35.12

mg/ l

24

0.05

0.1

CN

3.6 TNH TON THIT K B UASB

3.6.1 Tnh Th Tch V Kch Thc B

S liu thit k: - Ti trng COD: LCOD = 50kgCOD/m3 ng ( 36-101kgCOD/m3 ng)

- Vn tc dng chy: v = 0,88 m/h
(ngun: Hunh Ngc Phng Mai, 2006 )

Th tch hu dng ca thit b UASB:

m3
g
2000
10466 3
Q S COD
ng
m
=
= 418m 3
Vn =
g
LCOD
50000 3
m ng
Tng th tch phn cha hn hp nc thi trong thit b:
V
418m 3
Vl = n =
= 475m 3
E
0,88
Trong :
E: h s hu ch = 0,8 0,9
Tnh din tch thit b UASB:
m3
2000
Q
ng
A= =
= 95m 2
3
v
m
h
0,88
24
h
ng
Chia lm 4 b din tch mi b = 95 4 = 24m2
Tnh knh thc thit b UASB, b dng hnh tr vung: a a = 5 5 =25 m2 A = 25 m2
B lm bng b tng ct thp.
Chiu cao phn cha hn hp nc thi trong thit b:
V
475m 3
Hl = l =
= 4,75m 5m
4 A 4 25m 2
Th tch UASB: Vl = A H l = 25 5 = 125m3
3.6.2 Tnh Ton Thit B Thu Kh , Ly Nc Ra V Phn Phi Nc V
Thit b thu kh

Din tch b mt ca phn khe h 15-20% tng din tch b mt ca b.

3 - 12

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Akhe = 15%A = 15% 25m2 = 4m2

Din tch y hnh nn ca chp thu kh

Achp= A Akhe = 25m2 4m2 = 21m2
Kch thc y ca chp thu kh hnh vung, a a = 4,5 4,5 Achp = 20 m2
Chiu cao ca thit b thu kh:HG
Gc nghing ca thit b tch pha 600
a chup
4,5
HG =
=
= 1,3m
2tg 60 2 3
Thit b ly nc ra
B tr mng quanh thnh b.

B rng mng b = 30cm = 0,3m

Chiu di mng L = 4a 8b = 4 5 8 0,3 = 17,6m
a=

Q
4L

2000
=

m3
1 ngd

ngd 86400 s
= 3,3 10 4 m3/ms
17,6m 4

Chn ti trng mng thu nc a = 3,310-4 m3/ms < ti trng a = 210-3 m3/ms
Mng ch V, 3 ch V/1m
Lu lng qua khe ch V
a 3,3 10 4
m3
= 1,1 10 4
q= =
3
3
s
q = 1,4h

h = 0,022m 22mm

y ch V = 6cm
Khong cch gia cc nh ch V = 20cm
Q
3,85 10 3
Chiu cao mc nc trong mng =
=
= 0,007 m 7 mm
L b 17,6 0,3
Chiu cao ton mng = 20cm
Chn ng knh ng dn nc ra
Vi lu lng =3.9l/s
Chn ng knh ng = 70mm
Q
3,9 10 3
= 1m / s
=
Vn tc nc l =
D 2 1 (70 10 3 ) 2
4
4

3 - 13

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Thit b phn phi nc vo

Thit b phn phi nc vo l dn ng khoan l
Tuyn ng gm:- 1 ng chnh:-ng knh = 70mm
-vn tc = 1,12m/s
-11 ng nhnh:-ng knh =50mm
-vn tc =0,23 m/s

3.6.3 Tnh Thi Gian Lu Nc

V 4
125m 3 4
=
24 h
= 6h
ngd
Q
2000m 3 / ngd
Thi gian lu nc trong b UASB dao ng trong khong 6 8 gi
HRT =

3.6.4 Tnh Thi Gian Lu bn

QXe=PX,VSS
Q = 2000 m3/ng
Xe =948 mg/l = 948 g/m3
Q Y ( S 0 S ) f d k d Q Y ( S 0 S ) SRT
PX ,VSS =
+
+ Q nbVSS = Q X e
1 + k d SRT
1 + k d SRT
Vi Y = 0,08 gVSS/gCOD, kd = 0,03 ngy-1, fd = 0,15
S0 = sCOD + 50% pCOD
= (COD pCOD) + 50% CODfiter
= (10466 4537) + 50%4537
= 8197.5 (g/m3)
S = (1 0,9) sCOD
= (1 0,9) (COD pCOD )
= 0,1 (10466 4537)
= 592.9(g/m3)
nbVSS = 50% VSS
= 50% 948 = 474 (g/m3)
SRT = 11,7 ngy
Kim tra li gi tr SRT = 11,7 c ph hp khng
K (1 + k d SRT )
360(1 + 0,03 11,7)
S= S
=
= 308,996
SRT (Yk k d ) 1 11,7 (0,08 3,125 0,03) 1
k=

max
Y

0,25
= 3,125ngd 1
0,08

T l sCOD cn li sau x l
3 - 14

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

sCODe
308,996
%=
=
= 0,025 < 10%
sCODinf
11624

3.6.5 Lng VSS trung bnh trong vng cha bn

Vn X VSS
SRT =
(Q QW ) X e + QW X R
V bn x theo nc sau XL QW = 0
V X VSS
SRT = n
Q Xe
X VSS =

Q X e SRT 2000m 3 / ngd 948 g / m 3 12,22ngay

=
= 55.428,5 g
Vn
418m 3
= 55,428 kg

3.6.6 Tc sinh kh CH4

COD ca 1 mol CH4
CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
1 mol
232gO2 hay 64gO2/mol CH4
iu kin chun (00C, 1atm), th tch ca 1 mol CH4 l 22,4 L
22,4 L/64 gCOD = 0,35 L/gCOD
iu kin (300C,1atm), th tch ca 1 mol CH4 l
nRT 1 0,082057 303
V =
=
= 25 L
P
1
n = 1 mol
R = 0,082057 atm.L/mol.0K
T = 273 + 30 = 303 0K
P = 1 atm
iu kin (300C, 1atm), th tch ca CH4 = 0,3906 L/gCOD
Lng COD b phn hu
CODb phn hu = CODc kh nng phn husinh hc,inf CODe
CODb phn hu = 11624 1162,4 = 10461,6
Lng COD b tiu th trong qu trnh kh SO42Nu s dng CH3OH nh cht cho electron
119SO42- + 167CH3OH + 10CO2 + 3NH4+ + 3HCO3- + 178H+ = 3C5H7O2N + 60HS- + 331H2O
0,89 gCOD/gSO42Nu l CHC trong nc thi : 0,67 gCOD/gSO42- (Arceivala, 1998)
CODSulfate removal = 0,8 7,19 gSO42- 0,67 gCOD/gSO42- = 3,85 g/m3
Lng COD c chuyn ho thnh CH4
CODCH4 = (10461,6 3,85)g/m3 2000m3/ng = 20.915.500 g/ng = 20.915 kg/ng
Tc pht sinh kh CH4
3 - 15

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

= 0,3906 L CH4/gCOD 20915500 g/ng

= 8.169.594,3 L/ng = 8.169,6 m3/ng
Nng lng thu c t CH4
KLR ca CH4 350C = 0,6346 g/L
KLR ca CH4 300C = 0,6346 g / L

273 + 35
= 0,6451g / L
273 + 30

Nng lng sinh ra t CH4 = 8.169.594,3 L/ng 0,6451 g/L 50,1 kJ/g CH4
= 264.037.284,7 kJ/ng

3.6.7 Nhu cu kim

CH4 chim 65% tng lng kh sinh ra CO2 chim 35% tng lng kh sinh ra.
kim cn thit l 1800mg/L (tra bng).
kim cn b sung l 1800mg/L 526mg/L = 1274mgCaCO3/L = 1274 g CaCO3/m3.
Lng kim b sung hng ngy l
1274gCaCO3/m3 2000m3/ng 10-3 kg/g = 2548 kg CaCO3/ng

3.6.8 Hiu Qu X L
Hiu qu x l ca b UASB : CODtng gim (88,4% - 91,9%) chn 90%; sCOD b kh (85,2%92,2%)chn 90%.
(ngun: Hunh Ngc Phng Mai, 2006).

Gi s 50%VSS, 50% pCOD b phn hu, 80% SO42- trong nc thi b phn hu sinh hc
90%CODfiter c kh nng phn hu sinh hc,SS gim 50%
TT

Thng s

1
2
3
4
5
6

n v

Gi tr

CODtng vo

mg/l

10466

CODtng ra

mg/l

1046

BOD5 = sCOD /1,6 vo

mg/l

7265

BOD5 = sCOD /1,6 ra

mg/l

726,5

VSS vo

mg/l

948

VSS ra

mg/l

474

CODfiter vo

mg/l

4537

CODfiter ra

mg/l

453,7

SO42- vo

mg/l

7,19

SO42-

mg/l

1,438

SS vo

mg/l

984

SS ra

mg/l

492

ra

3 - 16

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

3.6.9 Cc Thng S Thit K V Kch Thc UASB

TT

Thng s

Din tch b mt phn lng.

Th tch ngn phn ng.

Kch thc mi n nguyn:

Gi tr

m2

25

125

S lng,

ci

Cnh b, a

Chiu cao, Hl

ci

Kch thc phu thu kh:

S lng,

n v

Din tch y, Achp

20

Cnh y phu thu kh, a

4,5

Chiu cao, HG

1,3

Kch thc mng thu nc:

Mng ch V

3 ch V/1m

Chiu rng, b

0,3

Chiu di, L

17,6

Chiu cao, H

0,2

Chiu cao mc nc trong mng, Hnc

0,007

y ch V

0,1

Khong cch cc nh ch V

0,35

ng chnh.

ci/ n nguyn

ng nhnh

ci/ n nguyn

ng knh ng chnh

0,07

ng knh ng chnh

0,05

ng phn phi:

Bng thnh phn nc thi ca nh my sau khi ra khi b UASB v vo b Aeroten

Thng s

TCVN 5945 1995

Ngun loi A
Ngun loi B

n v

Nc thi

Color

Trng

pH

78

69

5.5 9

mg/ l

595

mgCaCO3/ l

526

SS

mg/ l

492

50

100

VSS

mg/ l

948

BOD5

726,5

20

50

TDS
Acidity

3 - 17

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

CODtotal

1046

50

100

CODfilter

453,7

N_NH3

336

0.1

N_NO3

0.80

N_Org

57

SO42-

1,438

PO4

35.12

CN-

mg/ l

24

0.05

0.1

3.7 TNH TON THIT K B ACROTANK

3.7.1 Tnh Th Tch V Kch Thc B
Hiu qu x l BOD5 = 85%
Lng BOD5 u vo l 713 mg/l

Lng BOD5 cn x l 606 mg/l

Lng BOD5 u ra l 713 - 606 = 107 mg/l v SS = 125 mg/l sau khi x l ra khi b.
Hm lng cn hu c trong SS ra khi b lng khong 65%
Th tch b acrotank: V =

Q Y SRT (S O S )
X (1 + K d SRT )

Trong :
Q: Lu lng nc thi, Q = 2000 (m3/ng)
Y: h s thu hoch, Y = 0,6
SRT: thi gian lu bn, SRT = 10 (ngy)
So: lng BOD5 u vo
S: lng BOD5 u ra
X: nng bn hot tnh trong b, X = 2500 (mg/l)
Kd: h s phn hu ni bo, Kd = 0,06 ngy-1
(ngun: Trnh Xun Lai, 2000)

V =

2000 0,6 10 (713 107 )

= 1120 (m3)
2500 (1 + 0,06 10 )

Chn 4 b n nguyn dng hnh hp.

V 1120
=
= 280 (m3)
4
4
Chn H1 = 4 (m), chiu cao d tr h = 0,3 (m) H = H1 + h = 4 + 0,3 = 4,3 (m)
V1 =

V1 280
=
= 70 (m2)
H
4
Chn chiu di: L = 10 m chiu rng: B = 7 m

Din tch b mt: A =

3 - 18

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

V 1120
=
= 0,859 ngy = 13,4 (h)
Q 2000
Y
0,6
=
= 0,375
Tc tng trng ca bn: Yb =
1 + SRT K d 1 + 10 0,06
Lng bn sinh ra trong ngy: Abn = Yb Q (So S)

Thi gian lu nc trong b: HRT =

Abn = 0,375 2000 (713 107) = 454500 (gr) = 454,5 (kg)

Lng bn x Qx: Q xa =
Qr = Qv = 2000 (m3/ng)

V X Qr X r SRT
X t SRT

Xt: nng cn lng b lng t II (nng cn tun hon) thng s chn thit k vn hnh l
10000 (mg/l), tro trong cn khong 30%
Xr = 70% 10000 = 7000 (mg/l)

Xr: nng bn trong nc lng (mg/l)

Lng cn hu c trong nc thi ra khi b lng. 0,65 125 = 81,25 (mg/l)
Lng cn bay hi trong tng s cn hu c khong 70%
Xr = 81,25 0,7 = 56,875 (mg/l)

Q xa =

1120 2500 2000 56,875 10

= 23,75 (m3/ng)
7000 10

Thi gian tch lu cn (tun hon li ton b) khng x cn ban u:

V X 1120 2500
T=
=
= 6 (ngy)
Abun
4545000
Thc t s di gp 3 4 ln v khi nng bn cha trong b hiu qu x l thi gian u
s thp v lng bn sinh ra t hn Abn.
Sau khi h thng hot ng n nh, lng bn hu c x ra hng ngy.
b = Qx 10000 (g/m3) = 23,68 10000 = 236800 (g/ng) = 236,8 (kg/ng)
Cn bay hi. b = 0,7 236,8 = 165,76 (kg/ng)
Xc nh lu lng tun hon Qt = nng bn trong b lun gi gi tr X = 2500 (mg/l)
Ta c: Qt Xt = (Qv + Qt)X

Qt
X
=
Qv X t X

Trong :
Qt: lu lng hn hp bn tun hon li (m3/h)
Qv: lu lng nc thi i vo cng trn x l (m3/h)
3 - 19

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

X: nng bn hot tnh duy tr trong b aerotan (mg/l)

Xt: nng bn hot tnh trong hn hp tun hon (mg/l)
H s tun hon:

Qt
X
2500
=
=
= 0,556
Qv X t X 7000 2500

Qt: lu lng hn hp bn tun hon li (m3/h) Qt = 0,556 2000 = 1112 (m3/ngy)

Tnh lng kh cn cung cp: Va = 280 m3
Lng oxy cn thit: OCo =

Q (S o S )
1,42 PX
1000 f

Trong :
OCo: lng oxy cn thit theo tiu chun ca phn ng 20oC.
Q: lu lng nc thi cn x l (m3/ng)
So: nng BOD5 u vo (mg/l)
S: nng BOD5 u ra (mg/l)
BOD5
713
=
= 0,68
f : h s chuyn i t BOD5 sang COD f =
COD 1047
Px: phn t bo d x ra ngoi theo bn d.
A
454,5
PX = bun =
= 113,6 (kg/ngay)
4
4
500 (713 107)
OCo =
1,42 113,6 = 284 (kg/ng)
1000 0,68
Nhit nc thi T = 20oC mui < 5000 mg/l
Lng oxy bo ho trong nc sch l Cs = 9 (mg/l)
Lng oxy cn duy tr trong b C = 2 (mg/l)
Cs
1

C s C 1024 (T 20 )
9
1
= 284

= 0,365kg / ng
9 2 1024 o

Lng oxy thc t cn l: OC1 = OC o

Tnh lng khng kh cn cp.

Chn h thng phn pi bt k nh. Ou = 7 (gO2/m3.m) (tra bng)
Ou: cng sut ho tan oxy vo nc thi ca thit b phn phi nh theo gram oxy cho 1m3 khng
kh, su ngp nc 1 (m).
su ngp nc ca ca b H = 4 (m)
Cng sut ho tan oxy ca thit b: Ou = Ou H = 7 4 = 28 (gO2/m3)
OC1
365
f =
1,5 = 19554 (m3/ng)
Lng khng kh cn cp: Qk =
Ou
28 10 3
f : h s an ton t 1,5 2
3 - 20

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

3.7.2 Hiu Qu X L

Hiu qu x l ca b Acrotank: BOD5 b kh (85,2%-92,2%) chn 90%.

TT

Thng s

1
2

n v

Gi tr

CODtng vo

mg/l

1046

CODtng ra

mg/l

392,15

BOD5

mg/l

726,5

BOD5

mg/l

72,65

3.7. 3 Cc Thng S Thit K V Kch Thc Acrotank

TT

Thng s

Din tch b mt phn lng.

Kch thc mi n nguyn:

n v

Gi tr

m2

70

S lng,

ci

Cnh di

10

Canh rng

Chiu cao, Hl

Kch thc dng phn phi nc

S lng ng chnh
ng knh ng chnh
S lng ng phn phi
ng knh ng phn phi
5

mm

70

ci

11

mm

50

ci

mm

70

ci

20

mm

50

mm

400

Kch thc dng phn phi kh

S lng ng chnh
ng knh ng chnh
S lng ng phn phi
ng knh ng phn phi

ci

Kch thc da
ng knh

Bng thnh phn nc thi ca nh my sau khi ra khi b b Aeroten

Thng s
Color

n v

Nc thi

Trng

3 - 21

TCVN 5945 1995

Ngun loi A
Ngun loi B
_

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

pH

Ts Trn Th M Diu

78

69

5.5 9

mg/ l

mgCaCO3/ l

SS

mg/ l

50

100

VSS

mg/ l

BOD5

72,65

20

50

CODtotal

392,15

50

100

CODfilter

N_NH3

0.1

N_NO3

N_Org

SO42-

PO4

mg/ l

0.05

0.1

TDS
Acidity

CN

3.8 TNH TON THIT K B LNG T II (b lng ng)

Th tch vng lng ca b lng t II

VL = Q t = 2000 m3/ng 2h 1ng/ 24h = 167 (m3)
Chn 4 b lng t II: 2 b hot ng 2 b d phng.
V 167
V1L = 1 =
= 84 (m3)
2
2
Chn ng knh b lng t II: Db = 5,5 (m)
Db2 5,5 2
=
= 24(m 2 )
Din tch mi b: A =
4
4
V
84
= 3,5 (m)
Chiu su vng lng ca b lng t II: H L = 1 =
A 24
Chiu cao xy dng b:
Hxd = HL + hth + hb + hbv
= 3,5 + 0,2 + 0,5 + 0,3 = 4,5 (m)
Trong :
hth: chiu cao lp trung ho, hth = 0,2 m
hb: chiu cao lp bn trong b lng, hb =v0,5 m
hbv: chiu cao lp bo v, hbv = 0,3 m
Th tch ca b lng t II:
V = Hxd A = 4,5 24 = 108 (m3)
Chiu cao ng trung tm: Lng tt = Lxd = 4,5 (m)
ng knh ng trung tm: = 114(mm) = 0,114(m)
ng knh bung phn phi: Dpp = 0,3 Db = 0,3 5,5 = 1,4 (m)
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 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Quy phm 0,25 0,3 ng knh b

(ngun: Trnh Xun Lai, 2000)

Din tch bung phn phi trung tm:

D pp 2 1,4 2
=
= 1,5 (m)
Abung pp =
4
4
Din tch vng lng ca 1 b:
AL = A - Abung pp = 24 1,5 = 22,5 (m)
Vn tc i ln ln nht ca dng nc trong b: v = 0,5 mm/ s = 1,8 m/h
(ngun: TCXD 51 84)

Thi gian lng1h: (ngun: TCXD 51 84)

Mng thu nc t vng trn c ng knh 0,9 ng knh ca b.
Dmng = 0,9 Db = 0,9 5,5 = 5 (m)
Tnh ton mng thu nc: L = Dmng = 3,14 5 = 15, 7 (m)
Ti trng thu nc trn 1m di ca mng:
Q 2000m 3 / ngd
aL = =
= 63,7 m3/m.di.ng
L
2 15,7
(Q + Qt ) C o
Ti trng bn: b =
24 S
Trong :
Q: lu lng x l (m3/h), Q = 2000 m3/ng
Qt: lu lng tun hon, Qt = 1112 m3/ng
Co: nng bn hot tnh trong b aerotan, Co = 2500 (mg/l) = 2500 (g/m3)
S: din tch vng lng ca 1 b: S = 22,5 (m2)
(2000 + 1112)m 3 / ngd 2500 10 3 kg / m 3
= 7204 kg/m3.ngd
b=
24h 2 22,5m 2
Th tch phn cha bn: Vb = AL hb = 22,5 0,5 = 11,25 (m3)
Cc Thng S Thit K V Kch Thc b lng ng
TT

Thng s

n v

Gi tr

Din tch b mt phn lng.

m2

24

Kch thc mi n nguyn:

S lng,

ci

g knh

5,5

Chiu cao, Hl

4,5

3.9 TNH TON B CHA BN

3.9.1 Tnh Ton B Cha Bn Tun Hon:

3 - 23

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

Qt t th
1112m / ngd 10 phut
=
= 8 (m3)
24h 60 phut
24h 60 phut
3

Vbth =

Trong :
Qt: lu lng bn tun hon, Qt = 1112 m3/ngd
tth: thi gian lu bn tun hon, tth = 10 pht
Kch thc b cha bn tun hon: L B H = 2 2 2 m
3.9.2 Tnh Ton B Cha Bn D

Vbd =

Qd t td 1,53m 3 / h 5h
=
= 7,65 (m3), chn Vbd = 8 (m3)
24h
24h

Trong :
Qd: lu lng bn d, Qd = 1,53 m3/h
tth: thi gian lu bn d, ttd = 5 h
Kch thc b cha bn d: L B H = 2 2 2 m
3.10 TNH TON THIT K B NN BN (kiu lng ng)

Th tch bn hot tnh sinh ra trong ngn lng c tnh theo cng thc:
220 2000 100
b Q 100
=
= 3,06 (m3/h)
Wb =
(100 P) 1000 1000 (100 99,4) 1000 1000
Trong :
b: lng bn hot tnh d, b = 220 g/m3
P: m ca bn trong hot tnh d, P = 99,4%
Lng bn hot tnh d dn n b nn bn:
qbd = 0,5 Wb = 0,5 3,06 = 1,53 (m3/h)
Din tch hu ch ca b nn bn ng c xc nh theo cng thc:
q
1,53 1000
A1 = bd =
= 4,25 (m2)
v1
0,1 3600
Trong :
qbd: lu lng bn hot tn d dn vo b nn bn, qd = 1,53 m3/h
v1: tc chy ca cht lng vng lng trong b nn bn kiu lng ng,
(ly theo iu 6.10,3 TCXD 51 84: v1 = 0,1 mm/s)

Din tch ng trung tm ca b nn bn ng c tnh theo cng thc:

q
1,53 1000
A2 = bd =
= 0,015 (m2)
v2
28 3600
Trong :
v2: tc chuyn ng ca bn trong ng trung tm, v2 = 28 30 mm/s, chn v2 = 28 mm/s
Din tch tng cng ca b nn bn ng:
A = A1 + A2 = 4,25 + 0,015 = 4,265 (m2)
ng knh b nn bn:
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 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

4 4,265
= 2 (m)

3,14
ng knh ng trung tm:
4 A2
4 0,015
d=
=
= 0,14 (m)

3,14
D=

4 A

Ts Trn Th M Diu

ng knh phn loe ca ng trung tm:

d1 = 1,35 d = 1,35 0,14 = 0,189 (m)
ng knh tm chn
dch = 1,3 d1 = 1,3 0,189 = 0,246 (m)
Chiu cao phn lng ca b nn bn ng:
h1 = v1 t 3600 = 0,0001m/s 8 3600 = 2,9 (m)
Trong :
t: thi gian lng bn ly theo bng 3 13, t = 8h
(ngun: Lm Minh Trit, 2000)

Chiu cao phn nn vi gc nghin 45o, ng knh b D = 2 m v ng knh ca y b: 02, m

s bng:
D 0,2
h2 =

= 0,9 (m)
2
2
Chiu cao phn bn hot tnh nn:
hb = h2 ho hth = 0,9 0,3 0,3 = 0,3 (m)
Trong :
ho: khong cch t y ng loe n tm chn, ho = 0,25 0,5 m, ly ho = 0,4 m
hth: chiu cao lp trung ho, hth = 0,3 m
Chiu cao tng cng ca b nn bn:
Htc = h1 + h2 + h3 = 3,6 + 0,9 + 0,4 = 4,9 (m), chn Htc = 5 (m)
Trong :
h3: khong cch t mc nc trong b nn bn n thnh b, h3 = 0,4 (m)
Lng bn thu c sau khi qua b nn:
100 99,2
q = qbd
= 0,306 (m3/ng)
100 96
Cc Thng S Thit K V Kch Thc B Nn Bn:
TT

Thng s

S lng b

n v

Gi tr

ci

Din tch hu ch ca b

4,25

Din tch ng trung tm

m2

0,015

Din tch tng cng

4,265

ng knh b

ng knh ng trung tm

0,14

3 - 25

 n x l nc thi nh my tinh bt khoai m

Ts Trn Th M Diu

ng knh phn loe ca ng trung tm

0,189

ng knh tm chn

0,246

Chiu cao tng cng ca b

3.11 TNH TON THIT K SN PHI BN

Gi s thi gian lm vic ca cng ty trong 1 nm l 300 ngy

Din tch hu ch ca sn phi bn:
300 Qb 300 0,306m 3 / ngd
Ab =
= 24 m2
=
qo n
1,5 3,2
Th tch sinh ra trong 1 nm khi bn gim t m 96% - 75% l:
100 96
100 96
Vd = 300 Qb
= 300 0,306m 3 / ngd
= 15 (m3)
100 75
100 75
Chiu cao cha bn ca sn phi bn:
V
15m 3
Hb = b =
= 0,625 (m)
Ab 24m 2
Chiu cao xy dng ca sn phi bn:
Hxd = Hb + Hbv = 0,625 + 0,3 = 0,925 (m), chn Hxd = 1(m)
Cc Thng S Thit K V Kch Thc Sn Phi Bn:
TT

Thng s

n v

Gi tr

S lng sn

ci

Din tch

m2

24

Th tch

15

Chiu cao cha bn

0,625

Chiu cao xy dng

3.12 TNH TON THIT K H SINH HC

Bc x l trit p dng h thng h sinh hc t nhin gm h to v h lc bnh, h thng

ny c dng loi b hon ton COD v SS. Thi gian lu l 13 15 ngy. H thng ny
khng nhng loi b hm lng COD cao m cn lm gim bt ng k lng N v P. Nh vy
nc sau x l s t tiu chun x thi vo ngun loi B.
Th tch b: V = Q t = 2000 m3/ ng 13 ngy = 26000 m3
Chn chiu cao h l 2,5 m
Din tch h: A = 10400 m2 Chia lm 2 h
Din tch mi h: A1 = 5200 m2
Chiu di: L = 100 m
Chiu rng: B = 52
3 - 26