tng cng ty in lc vit nam

qui trnh k thut an ton in trong cng tc qun l, VN HNH, SA CHA, XY DNG NG DY V TRM IN

NH XUT BN GIAO THNG VN TI tng cng ty in lc vit nam

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qui trnh k thut an ton in

trong cng tc qun l, VN HNH, SA CHA, XY DNG NG DY V TRM IN (In ln 2 c b sung, sa i)

H NI - 2002 Tng cng ty Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam in lc Vit Nam c lp - T do - Hnh phc ---------------------------------------S: 1559 EVN/KTAT H ni, ngy 21 thng 10 nm 1999 quyt nh ca Tng gim c Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam V vic ban hnh bn Quy trnh k thut an ton in trong cng tc
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qun l, vn hnh, sa cha, xy dng ng dy v trm in. - Cn c Ngh nh s 14/CP ngy 27 thng 01 nm 1995 ca Chnh ph v thnh lp v ban hnh iu l hot ng ca Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam. - Theo t trnh ca ng Trng Ban K thut an ton. Quyt nh iu 1: Ban hnh bn Quy trnh k thut an ton in trong cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha, xy dng ng dy v trm in. iu 2: Quy trnh ny c hiu lc i vi tt c cc n v thuc Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam v thay th bn Quy trnh k thut an ton in trong cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha v xy dng ng dy cao h th, trm bin th ban hnh nm 1970. iu 3: Gim c cc Cng ty, n v trc thuc, Chnh vn phng v Trng cc Ban ca Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam cn c theo chc nng nhim v chu trch nhim thi hnh quyt nh ny. iu 4: Quyt nh ny c hiu lc thi hnh sau 15 ngy, k t ngy k. Tng gim c Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam ( k)

Hong Trung Hi

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Li ni u Quyn Qui trnh k thut an ton in trong cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha v xy dng ng dy cao h th, trm bin th do Cng ty in lc 1 ban hnh nm 1970 c s dng trong cc n v ngnh in-gip cho cn b, cng nhn vin hun luyn, st hch qui trnh k thut an ton cng nh lm c s thc hin cc bin php phng trnh tai nn in trong khi lm nhim v. T n nay, t chc v phm vi h thng in ca ngnh in c nhiu thay i, c cc cp in p 220 kV, 500 kV. Trc tnh hnh trn i hi phi b sung, sa i qui trnh k thut an ton ph hp v st vi thc t. Nhm p ng nhng yu cu mi ca t chc v quy m pht trin ngnh in, sa i v b sung nhng quy nh v k thut an ton, Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam ban hnh quyn: Quy trnh k thut an ton in trong cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha, xy dng ng dy v trm in. Nhng sa i, b sung trong qui trnh p ng cc yu cu: 1- Sa i nhng tn gi, thut ng khng ph hp v b sung nhng phn cn thiu, nhng quy nh trong quyn Qui phm k thut an ton khai thc thit tr in cc nh my in v li in do B in lc ban hnh nm 1984. 2- Gi li nhng phn, chng, iu vn cn ph hp cn b cng nhn vin khng phi hc mi li t u. Tuy nhin, b cc ca quy trnh c thay i mt s ch to s mch lc cho ngi c, b sung thm phn k thut an ton in i vi vic qun l, vn hnh, sa cha, xy dng ng dy v trm in c cp in p 220 kV, 500 kV. Mc tiu nht qun ca Tng cng ty l duy tr truyn thng ca Qui trnh k thut an ton in nh mt cm nang thc hnh. Xin chn thnh cm n nhng ng gp v kin gi tr ca tt c mi ngi c lin quan n vic xut bn quyn Quy
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trnh k thut an ton in trong cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha, xy dng ng dy v trm in ny. Trong khi thc hin, c kin ngh b sung hoc sa i xin gi v Ban K thut an ton Bo h lao ng Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam tp hp, gii quyt. Trong qu trnh ti bn th nht ny c sa i theo cc cng vn s 4718 EVN/KTAT ngy 05/9/2000; 2525 EVN/KTAT ngy 22/5/2001; 5576/ EVN-KTAT ngy 10/10/2001; 1290/CV-EVN-KTAT ngy 28/3/2002. Nhng iu s i c in nghing trong bn in d nhn bit. Nhng quyn Quy trnh c ban hnh nm 1999 phi c cp nht cc sa i ban hnh v in vo quy trnh ny.

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mt s nh ngha, quy nh trong quy trnh 1. n v cng tc: L n v qun l hoc sa cha, thng l mt t hoc mt nhm cng nhn, ti thiu phi c hai ngi. 2. Cng nhn, nhn vin: L ngi thc hin cng vic do ngi ch huy trc tip phn cng. 3. Ngi ch huy trc tip: L ngi trc tip phn cng cng vic cho cng nhn, nhn vin thuc n v cng tc ca mnh nh t trng, nhm trng. 4. Ngi lnh o cng vic: L ngi ch o cng vic thng qua ngi ch huy trc tip nh: cn b k thut, k thut vin, cng nhn lnh ngh. 5. Ngi cho php vo lm vic (thng l nhn vin vn hnh): L ngi chu trch nhim cc bin php k thut m bo an ton cho n v cng tc nh: chun b ch lm vic, bn giao ni lm vic cho n v cng tc, tip nhn ni lm vic lc cng tc xong khi phc, a thit b vo vn hnh. 6. Cn b lnh o k thut: L ngi c giao quyn hn qun l k thut nh: trng hoc ph phn xng, trm, chi nhnh; trng hoc ph phng iu , k thut, th nghim, trng ca, ph Gim c k thut, Gim c x nghip. 7. Cng vic lm c ct in hon ton: L cng vic lm thit b in ngoi tri hoc trong nh c ct in t mi pha (k c u vo ca ng dy trn khng v ng cp) m cc li i thng sang phng bn cnh hoc phn phn phi ngoi tri ang c in kho ca. Nu cn vn cn ngun in p n 1000 V tin hnh cng vic sa cha.
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8. Cng vic lm c ct in mt phn: L cng vic lm thit b in ngoi tri hoc trong nh ch c mt phn c ct in lm vic hoc thit b in c ct in hon ton nhng cc li i thng sang phng bn cnh hoc phn phn phi ngoi tri c in vn m ca. 9. Cng vic lm khng ct in gn v ti phn c in: L cng vic lm ngay trn phn c in vi cc dng c an ton; L cng vic lm gn ni c in m phi p dng cc bin php k thut hoc t chc phng ngi v phng tin, dng c lm vic n gn phn c in vi khong cch an ton cho php iu 27. Khi t chc cng vic ngay trn phn c in (sa cha nng), cc Cng ty, n v phi c qui trnh c th cho cc cng vic . 10. Cng vic lm xa ni c in: L cng vic khng phi p dng cc bin php k thut v t chc (t ro chn, gim st thng xuyn) phng ngi v phng tin, dng c lm vic v s m n gn phn c in vi khong cch nh hn khong cch an ton cho php iu 27. 11. Phiu cng tc: L phiu ghi lnh cho php lm vic thit b in, trong quy nh ni lm vic, thi gian v iu kin tin hnh cng vic, thnh phn n v cng tc v ngi chu trch nhim v an ton (mu phiu cng tc trnh by Ph lc 3) 12. Lnh cng tc: L lnh ming hoc vit ra giy, c truyn t trc tip hoc qua in thoi. Ngi nhn lnh phi ghi vo s vn hnh. Trong s phi ghi r: ngi ra lnh, tn cng vic, ni lm vic, thi gian bt u, h tn, cp bc an ton ca ngi lnh o cng vic v cc nhn vin ca n v cng tc. Trong s cng dnh mt mc ghi vic hon thnh cng tc.

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Phn th nht Nguyn tc chung Nhng iu quy nh cho tt c Nhng ngi lm cng tc v in I - Phm vi p dng quy trnh iu 1: Quy trnh ny c p dng cho tt c cn b, cng nhn vin trc tip qun l vn hnh, sa cha, th nghim v xy dng ng dy, trm in ca Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam. Quy trnh ny cng c p dng i vi nhn vin ca cc t chc khc n lm vic cng trnh v thit b in do Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam qun l. i vi cc nh my in ca Tng cng ty, ngoi quy trnh ny, cn b, nhn vin k thut phi nm vng v s dng tp 1 Quy phm k thut an ton khai thc thit tr in cc nh my in v li in.
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Nhng quy nh trong quy trnh ny ch yu nhm m bo phng trnh cc tai nn do in gy ra i vi con ngi. Khi bin son cc quy trnh k thut an ton cho tng loi cng vic c th phi a vo bin php phng trnh khng ch tai nn v in, m cn cc yu t nguy him khc xy ra lc tin hnh cng vic. Tt c nhng iu trong cc quy trnh k thut an ton in ban hnh trc y tri vi quy trnh ny u khng c gi tr thc hin. iu 2: Trong quy trnh, thit b in chia lm hai loi: in cao p quy c t 1000 V tr ln v in h p quy c di 1000 V. Trong iu kin bnh thng nu con ngi tip xc trc tip vi thit b c in p xoay chiu t 50 V tr ln l c th nguy him n tnh mng. iu 3: Nghim cm vic ch th hoc ra mnh lnh cho nhng ngi cha c hc tp, st hch quy trnh v cha hiu r nhng vic s phi tha hnh. iu 4: Nhng mnh lnh tri vi quy trnh ny th ngi nhn lnh phi a ra nhng l do khng chp hnh c vi ngi ra lnh, nu ngi ra lnh khng chp thun th c quyn bo co vi cp trn. iu 5: Khi pht hin cn b, cng nhn vi phm quy trnh hoc c hin tng e da n tnh mng con ngi v thit b, phi lp tc ngn chn, ng thi bo co vi cp cthm quyn. iu 6: n v trng, t trng, cn b k thut c nhim v kim tra v ra cc bin php an ton lao ng trong n v ca mnh. Cn b an ton ca n v c trch nhim v quyn kim tra, lp bin bn hoc ghi phiu thng bo an ton nhc nh. Trng hp vi phm cc bin php an ton c th dn n tai nn th nh ch cng vic cho n khi thc hin y cc bin php bo m an ton mi c tip tc tin hnh cng vic. iu 7: Dng c an ton cn dng phi ph hp vi tiu chun k thut do Nh nc ban hnh (xem trong phn ph lc quy trnh). II- Nhng iu kin c cng tc trong ngnh in iu 8: Nhng ngi trc tip lm cng vic qun l vn hnh, th nghim, sa cha, xy dng in phi c sc kho tt v c giy chng nhn v th lc ca c quan y t. iu 9: Hng nm cc n v phi t chc khm sc kho cho cn b, cng nhn:
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- 1 ln i vi cng nhn qun l vn hnh, sa cha. - 2 ln i vi cn b, cng nhn lm th nghim, cng nhn chuyn mn lm vic trn ng dy. - i vi nhng ngi lm vic ng dy cao trn 50 m, trc khi lm vic phi khm li sc kho. iu 10: Khi pht hin thy cng nhn c bnh thuc loi thn kinh, tim, mch, thp khp, lao phi, th ngi s dng lao ng phi iu ng cng tc thch hp. iu 11: Nhn vin mi phi qua thi gian km cp ca nhn vin c kinh nghim c trnh k thut cn thit, sau phi c st hch vn p trc tip, t yu cu mi c giao nhim v. iu 12: Cng nhn, k thut vin, k s trc tip sn xut phi c kim tra kin thc v quy trnh k thut an ton mi nm 1 ln. Gim c u nhim cho n v trng t chc vic hun luyn v st hch trong n v mnh. Kt qu cc ln st hch phi c h s y quyt nh cng nhn c php lm vic vi thit b v c xp bc an ton. iu 13: Cc trng, ph i sn xut, chi nhnh in (hoc cc cp tng ng), k thut vin, hai nm c st hch kin thc quy trnh k thut an ton mt ln do hi ng kim tra kin thc ca x nghip t chc v c xp bc an ton (tiu chun xp bc an ton xem phn Ph lc 4). iu 14: Trong khi lm vic vi ng i hoc khi khng lm nhim v, nu thy ngi b tai nn in git th bt c ngi no cng phi tm bin php cp cu nn nhn ra khi mch in v tip tc cu cha theo nhng phng php trnh by Ph lc 1 qui trnh ny. III- X l khi vi phm quy trnh iu 15: i vi ngi vi phm quy trnh, tu theo li nng, nh m thi hnh cc bin php sau: 1- Ct, gim thng vn hnh an ton hng thng. 2- Ph bnh, khin trch (c vn bn). 3- H tng cng tc, h bc lng. 4- Khng cho lm cng tc v in, chuyn cng tc khc. 5- Nhng ngi b ph bnh, khin trch (c vn bn), h tng cng tc u phi hc tp v st hch li t yu cu mi c tip tc lm vic.

IV- Ch phiu thao tc v cch thi hnh

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iu 16: Tt c cc thao tc trn thit b c in p t 1000 V tr ln u phi chp hnh phiu thao tc theo mu thng nht trong qui trnh. Phiu phi do cn b phng thc, trng ca, cn b k thut, trng kp hoc trc chnh vit. Phi c ngi duyt phiu kim tra, k duyt mi c hiu lc thc hin. iu 17: Ngi ra lnh ng, ct in phi kim tra li ln cui cng trnh t thao tc, s li in v k vo phiu thao tc trc khi ra lnh, giao phiu cho ngi i thao tc, dn d nhng iu cn thit. Ch khi ngi thc hin bo co thao tc xong mi c coi l hon thnh nhim v. iu 18: Mi thao tc ng, ct in h thng phn phi in cao p u phi c hai ngi thc hin. Hai ngi ny phi hiu r s li in, mt ngi trc tip thao tc v mt ngi gim st. Ngi thao tc phi c trnh an ton t bc III, ngi gim st phi c trnh an ton t bc IV tr ln. Trong mi trng hp, c hai ngi u chu trch nhim nh nhau v vic thao tc ca mnh. iu 19: Trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, ngi thao tc v ngi gim st phi tun theo nhng quy nh sau: 1- Khi nhn c phiu thao tc phi c k v kim tra li ni dung thao tc theo s . Nu cha r phi hi li ngi ra lnh. Nu nhn lnh bng in thoi th phi ghi y lnh vo nht k vn hnh. Ngi nhn lnh phi nhc li tng ng tc trong in thoi ri vit tn ngi ra lnh, nhn lnh, ngy, gi truyn lnh vo s nht k. 2- Ngi thao tc v ngi gim st sau khi xem xt khng cn vn thc mc, cng k vo phiu ri em phiu n a im thao tc. 3- Ti v tr thao tc phi kim tra li mt ln na theo s (nu c ) v i chiu v tr thit b trn thc t ng vi ni dung ghi trong phiu, ng thi kim tra xung quanh hay trn thit b cn vn g tr ngi khng, sau mi c php thao tc. 4- Ngi gim st c to tng ng tc theo th t ghi trong phiu. Ngi thao tc phi nhc li, ngi gim st ra lnh ng hoc ct... ngi thao tc mi c lm ng tc. Mi ng tc thc hin xong, ngi gim st u phi nh du vo mc tng ng trong phiu. 5- Trong khi thao tc, nu thy nghi ng g v ng tc va lm th phi ngng ngay cng vic kim tra li ton b ri mi tip tc tin hnh.

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Nu thao tc sai hoc gy s c th phi ngng ngay phiu thao tc v bo co cho ngi ra lnh bit. Vic thc hin tip thao tc phi c tin hnh theo mt phiu mi. iu 20: Khi xy ra tai nn hoc s c, xt thy c th gy ra h hi thit b, ngi cng nhn vn hnh c php ct cc my ngt hoc cu dao cch ly khng cn phi c lnh hoc phiu, nhng sau phi bo co cho nhn vin vn hnh cp trn v ngi ph trch n v bit ni dung nhng cng vic lm v phi ghi vo s nht k vn hnh. iu 21: Trng hp v tr thao tc xa khu dn c, khng c phng tin thng tin lin lc th tm thi cho php ng, ct in theo gi hn trc nhng phi so v chnh li gi cho thng nht, ly ng h ca ngi ra lnh lm chun, c quy c th n trc khi thao tc (th c 3 pha). Nu v l do no m sai hn th cm thao tc. iu 22: Cm ng, ct in, thay cu ch i vi thit b ngoi tri trong lc c ma to nc chy thnh dng trn thit b v dng c an ton hoc ang c dng st. Trong iu kin bnh thng, ch cho php ct cu dao cch ly cc nhnh r m ng dy c ct in (i vi thao tc cc dao cch ly ph ti, thao tc khng ti cc nhnh r thc hin theo quy trnh thao tc dao cch ly ca iu ). Cho php thay cu ch vo lc kh hu m, t sau khi ct cu dao cch ly c pha in p thp v cao. iu 23: trnh trng hp ng in nhm vo thit b c ngi ang lm vic, cc b phn truyn ng ca cu dao cch ly trong trm phi kho li v treo bin bo an ton, cha kho do ngi ct in hoc ngi trc ca vn hnh gi. iu 24: ng v ct my ngt, cu dao cch ly truyn ng bng tay u phi mang gng tay cch in, i ng hoc ng trn gh cch in. Cho php tin hnh ng, ct trn ct vi iu kin khong cch t phn dn in thp nht n ngi thao tc khng nh hn 3 m. iu 25: Tt c nhng phiu thao tc khi thc hin xong phi tr li n v qun l li in (phng iu hoc chi nhnh) lu li t nht 3 thng, sau mi c hu b. Nhng phiu thao tc c lin quan n s c, tai nn lao ng phi c lu gi vo h s s c, tai nn lao ng ca n v. V- Nhng bin php m bo an ton khi tin hnh cng vic V-1. Bin php k thut
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 m bo an ton khi lm vic iu 26: chun b ni lm vic khi ct in mt phn hay ct in hon ton phi thc hin ln lt cc bin php k thut sau y: 1- Ct in v thc hin cc bin php ngn nga vic ng in nhm n ni lm vic nh: dng kho kho b truyn ng dao cch ly, tho cu chy mch thao tc, kho van kh nn ... 2- Treo bin Cm ng in! c ngi ang lm vic b truyn ng dao cch ly. Bin Cm m van! c ngi ang lm vic van kh nn v nu cn th t ro chn. 3- u sn dy tip t lu ng xung t. Kim tra khng cn in phn thit b s tin hnh cng vic v tin hnh lm tip t. 4- t ro chn ngn cch ni lm vic v treo bin bo an ton v in theo tiu chun Vit Nam hin hnh. Nu ct in hon ton th khng phi t ro chn.

V-1-1. Ct in iu 27: Ti ni lm vic phi ct in nhng phn sau: 1- Nhng phn c in, trn s tin hnh cng vic. 2- Nhng phn c in m trong khi lm vic khng th trnh c va chm hoc n gn vi khong cch sau y: 0,7 m i vi in p t 1kV n 15 kV. 1,0 m i vi in p n 35 kV. 1,5 m i vi in p n 110 kV. 2,5 m i vi in p n 220 kV. 4,5 m i vi in p n 500 kV. 3- Khi khng th ct in c m ngi lm vic c kh nng vi phm khong cch quy nh trn th phi lm ro chn. Khong cch t ro chn ti phn c in l: 0,35 m i vi in p n 15 kV. 0,60 m i vi in p n 35 kV. 1,50 m i vi in p n 110 kV. 2,50 m i vi in p n 220 kV. 4,50 m i vi in p n 500 kV. Yu cu t ro chn, cch thc t ro chn c xc nh tu theo iu kin c th v tnh cht cng vic, do ngi chun b ni lm vic v ngi ch huy trc tip cng vic chu trch nhim.
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iu 28: Ct in lm vic phi thc hin sao cho nhn thy r l phn thit b d nh tin hnh cng vic c cch ly khi cc phn c in t mi pha bng cch ct dao cch ly, tho cu chy, tho u cp, tho thanh ci (tr trm GIS). Cm ct in ch bng my ngt, dao cch ly t ng, cu dao ph ti c b truyn ng t ng. iu 29: Ct in lm vic cn ngn nga nhng ngun in h p qua cc thit b nh my bin p lc, my bin p o lng, my pht diesel c in bt ng gy nguy him cho ngi lm vic. iu 30: Sau khi ct in my ngt, cu dao cch ly cn phi kho mch iu khin li nh: ct aptomat, g cu chy, kho van kh nn n my ngt ... i vi cu dao cch ly iu khin trc tip, sau khi ct in phi kho tay iu khin v kim tra v tr ct. iu 31: Ct in do nhn vin vn hnh m nhim. Cm u nhim vic thao tc cho cng nhn sa cha tin hnh, tr trng hp cng nhn sa cha c hun luyn thao tc. iu 32: Ct in tng phn lm vic phi giao cho cng nhn vn hnh c kinh nghim v nm vng s li in nhm ngn nga kh nng nhm ln gy nguy him cho cng nhn sa cha. iu 33: Trng hp ct in do iu Quc gia, iu Min hoc iu in lc ra lnh bng in thoi th n v qun l vn hnh phi m nhim vic bn giao ng dy cho n v sa cha ti hin trng (k c vic t tip t). V-1-2. Treo bin bo v t ro chn iu 34: Ngi tin hnh ct in phi treo bin bo: Cm ng in! c ngi ang lm vic cc b phn truyn ng ca cc my ngt, dao cch ly m t c th ng in n ni lm vic. Vi cc dao cch ly mt pha, bin bo treo tng pha, vic treo ny do nhn vin thao tc thc hin. Ch c ngi treo bin hoc ngi c ch nh thay th mi c tho cc bin bo ny. Khi lm vic trn ng dy th dao cch ly ng dy treo bin Cm ng in! c ngi lm vic trn ng dy. iu 35: Ro chn tm thi c th lm bng g, tm vt liu cch in ... ro chn phi kh v chc chn. Khong cch t ro chn tm thi n cc phn c in khng c nh hn khong cch nu iu 27. Trn ro chn tm thi phi treo bin: Dng li! c in nguy him cht ngi.
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iu 36: thit b in in p n 15 kV, trong cc trng hp c bit, tu theo iu kin lm vic, ro chn c th chm vo phn c in. Ro chn ny (tm chn, m chp) phi p ng cc yu cu ca quy phm s dng v th nghim cc dng c k thut an ton dng thit b in. Khi t ro chn phi ht sc thn trng, phi eo gng cch in, i ng cch in hoc ng trn tm thm cch in v phi c hai ngi. Nu cn, phi dng km hoc so cch in, trc khi t phi dng gi kh lau sch bi ca ro chn. iu 37: thit b phn phi in trong nh, trn ro li hoc ca st ca cc ngn bn cnh v i din vi ch lm vic phi treo bin: Dng li! c in nguy him cht ngi. Nu cc ngn bn cnh v i din khng c ro li hoc ca cng nh cc li i ngi lm vic khng cn i qua, phi dng ro chn tm thi ngn li v treo bin ni trn. Ti ni lm vic, sau khi t tip t di ng phi treo bin Lm vic ti y!. iu 38: Ro chn tm thi phi t sao cho khi c nguy him ngi lm vic c th thot ra khi vng nguy him d dng. iu 39: Trong thi gian lm vic, cm di chuyn hoc ct cc ro chn tm thi v bin bo. V-1-3. Kim tra khng cn in iu 40: Sau khi ct in, nhn vin thao tc phi tin hnh xc minh khng cn in cc thit b c ct in. iu 41: Kim tra cn in hay khng phi dng bt th in ph hp vi in p cn th, phi th c 3 pha vo v ra ca thit b. iu 42: Khng c cn c vo tn hiu n, r le, ng h xc minh thit b cn in hay khng, nhng nu ng h, r le v.v... bo tn hiu c in th coi nh thit b vn cn in. iu 43: Khi th phi kim tra trc bt th in ni c in ri mi th ni cn bn giao, nu ni cng tc khng c in th cho php em th ni khc trc lc th ni cng tc v phi bo qun tt bt th in khi chuyn ch. iu 44: Cm p dng phng php dng so thao tc g nh vo ng dy xem cn in hay khng lm c s bn giao ng dy cho i cng tc. V-1-4. t tip t 1- Ni t tip t

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iu 45: Sau khi kim tra khng cn in, phi t tip t v lm ngn mch tt c cc pha ngay. t tip t ti v tr no phi th ht in ti v tr y. iu 46: Tip t phi t v pha c kh nng dn in n. Dy tip t phi l dy chuyn dng, bng dy ng trn (hoc bc v nha trong), mm, nhiu si, tit din nh nht l 25 mm2. Ni t ni t phi chn sao cho m bo khong cch an ton n cc phn dn in ang c in. S lng v v tr t tip t phi chn sao cho nhng ngi cng tc nm trn vn trong khu vc c bo v bng nhng tip t . iu 47: Khi lm cc cng vic c ct in hon ton trm phn phi hoc t phn phi, gim bt s lng dy tip t lu ng, cho php t tip t thanh ci v ch mch u trn s tin hnh cng vic v khi chuyn sang lm vic mch u khc th ng thi chuyn dy tip t. Trong trng hp ch cho php lm vic trn mch u c t tip t. Khi sa cha thanh ci c phn on, trn mi phn on phi t mt dy tip t. iu 48: Trn ng trc cao p khng c nhnh phi t tip t hai u. Nu khu vc sa cha di qu 2 km phi t thm mt tip t gia. i vi ng trc c nhnh m nhnh khng ct c cu dao cch ly th mi nhnh (nm trong khu vc sa cha) phi c thm mt b tip t u nhnh. i vi hai ng trc i chung ct, nu sa cha mt ng (ng kia vn vn hnh) th hai b tip t khng t xa nhau qu 500 m. Ring i vi cc khong vt sng th ngoi hai b tip t t ti hai ct hm cn phi c thm tip t ph t ngay ti cc ct vt. i vi cc nhnh r vo trm nu di khng qu 200 m cho php t mt tip t ngn ngun in n v u kia nht thit phi ct cu dao cch ly ca my bin p. i vi cc ng cp ngm nht thit phi t tip t hai u ca on cp. i vi ng dy h p, khi ct in sa cha cng phi t tip t bng cch chp 3 pha vi dy trung tnh v u xung t. Cn ch kim tra cc nhnh c my pht ca khch hng ct ra, khng cho pht ln li. 2. Nguyn tc t v tho tip t

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iu 49: t v tho tip t u phi c hai ngi thc hin, trong mt ngi phi c trnh an ton t nht bc IV, ngi cn li phi c trnh an ton t nht bc III. iu 50: Khi t tip t phi u mt u vi t trc, sau mi lp u kia vi dy dn, khi thc hin phi mang gng tay cch in v phi dng so cch in lp vo ng dy. Khi tho tip t phi lm ngc li. iu 51: u u xung t khng c bt kiu vn xon, phi bt bng bu-lng. Nu u vo tip t ca ct hoc h thng ni t chung th trc khi u phi co sch r ch u tip t. Trng hp tip t ct b hng hoc kh bt bu lng th phi ng cc st su 1m lm tip t. V-2. Bin php t chc m bo an ton khi lm vic iu 52: Nhng cng vic sa cha v nhng cng vic khng thuc v vn hnh cc thit b in, theo nguyn tc ch c thc hin theo phiu cng tc hoc lnh cng tc. iu 53: Nhng vic lm cn phi c phiu cng tc l: 1- Sa cha v tng cng ng cp ngm cao p, ng dy ni hoc u chuyn t cc nhnh dy mi xy dng vo ng dy trc ca li. 2- Sa cha, di chuyn, tho lp, hiu chnh, th nghim cc thit b in trn li nh: my pht in, ng c, my bin p, my ngt, cu dao, thit b chng st, t in, cc my chnh lu, cc thanh ci, r-le bo v ... tr trng hp c quy nh ring. 3- Lm vic trc tip vi thit b ang mang in h p hoc lm vic gn cc thit b ang mang in cao p vi khong cch cho php. iu 54: Nhng cng vic sau y c php thc hin theo lnh cng tc: 1- Nhng thao tc ng, ct, x l s c do trng ca iu Quc gia, iu Min, iu in lc hoc trng ca nh my ra lnh. 2- Nhng cng vic lm xa cc thit b c in. 3- Nhng cng vic n gin, c khi lng t, thi gian ngn do nhn vin vn hnh trc tip lm hoc nhn vin khc lm di s gim st ca nhn vin vn hnh. iu 55: Phiu cng tc phi c 2 bn, 1 bn giao cho ngi ch huy trc tip n v cng tc hoc ngi gim st, 1 bn giao cho ngi cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic gi. Phiu phi vit r rng, d hiu, khng c ty xo, khng c vit bng bt ch
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v phi theo mu. Thi gian c hiu lc khng qu 15 ngy tnh t ngy cp phiu. iu 56: Mi ngi ch huy trc tip hoc ngi gim st ch c cp 1 phiu cng tc. Ngi ch huy trc tip hoc ngi gim st phi gi phiu trong sut thi gian lm vic ti v tr cng tc. Phiu phi c bo qun khng rch nt, nho ch. Khi lm xong nhim v th tin hnh lm cc th tc kho phiu. Phiu cng tc cp cho ngi ch huy trc tip hoc ngi gim st sau khi thc hin xong phi tr li ngi cp phiu kim tra v k tn, lu gi t nht 1 thng. Nhng phiu trong khi tin hnh cng vic xy ra s c hoc tai nn lao ng th phi ct vo h s lu tr ca n v. iu 57: Khi c nhiu t hoc nhiu n v cng cng tc trn mt h thng ng dy, mt trm bin p hay mt cng trng m c ngi ch huy ring bit th mi n v s c cp phiu ring, lm bin php an ton ring khi rt khi a im cng tc khng nh hng g n n v khc. iu 58: Vic thay i nhn vin n v cng tc c th do ngi cp phiu cng tc hoc ngi lnh o cng vic quyt nh. Khi nhng ngi ny vng mt th do ngi c quyn cp phiu cng tc quyt nh. Khi m rng phm vi lm vic phi cp phiu cng tc mi. V-2-1. Ngi chu trch nhim v an ton iu 59: Nhng ngi chu trch nhim an ton ca phiu cng tc gm: 59-1 Ngi cp phiu (hoc ngi ra lnh cng tc): - Cn b k thut (trng hoc ph chi nhnh, phn xng, trm, phng th nghim, i qun l ...). - iu vin li in (trong trng hp cn thit), trng ca nh my. Nhng ngi ny phi c trnh an ton bc V. Ngi cp phiu phi bit r ni dung cng vic, phm vi v khi lng cng vic ra cc bin php an ton cn thit v phn cng ngi lnh o cng vic, ngi ch huy trc tip cng nh nhng nhn vin ca n v cng tc kh nng thc hin nhim v mt cch an ton. 59-2 Ngi lnh o cng vic: Nhng ngi c giao trch nhim lnh o cng vic theo phiu l: cn b k thut, k thut vin, cng nhn lnh ngh. H phi c nng lc m nhn nhim v, c trnh an ton bc V.
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Ngi lnh o cng vic chu trch nhim v s lng, trnh nhn vin trong n v cng tc, sao cho ngi ch huy trc tip m bo c kh nng gim st an ton h trong khi lm vic. Khi tip nhn ni lm vic hoc khi trc tip lm th tc cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic, ngi lnh o cng vic phi chu trch nhim ngang vi ngi cho php vo lm vic v vic chun b ni lm vic, v cc bin php an ton cng nh cc iu kin c bit ghi trong phiu. 59-3 Ngi ch huy trc tip (hoc ngi gim st): Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh bc IV tr ln. Khi tip nhn ni lm vic phi chu trch nhim kim tra li v thc hin y cc bin php an ton cn thit. Phi b tr, phn cng v gim st sao cho mi ngi trong n v tin hnh cng vic mt cch an ton. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi chu trch nhim v cht lng ca cc dng c, trang b an ton s dng khi lm vic. Phi lin tc c mt li ni lm vic. Trng hp cn vng mt m c ngi ng chc danh c php thay th th phi bn giao ni lm vic v phiu cng tc cho ngi . Nu khng c ngi thay th th phi rt ton n v cng tc ra khi ni lm vic. Trng hp n v cng tc do ni khc c n, cn b ph trch khng trnh gim st an ton in, hoc n v cng tc l ngi lm nhng cng vic nh n, mc, c kh ... th bn qun l thit b phi c ngi c tiu chun lm ngi gim st. Ngi gim st tip nhn ni lm vic do ngi cho php giao, phi c mt lin tc ti ni lm vic gim st v khng c lm bt c vic g thm. Phi theo di khng tho d hoc di chuyn cc bin bo, ro chn. Chu trch nhim khng xy ra tai nn v in, cn trch nhim an ton ca nhn vin trong cng vic do ngi ch huy trc tip n v cng tc m nhim. Trnh an ton ca ngi gim st l bc IV tr ln khi n v cng tc lm vic c ct in mt phn hoc gn ni c in. L bc III tr ln nu lm vic c ct in hon ton hoc xa ni c in. 59-4 Ngi cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic (nhn vin vn hnh): Ngi cho php vo lm vic phi c trnh an ton bc IV tr ln, chu trch nhim v vic thc hin y cc bin php an ton cn thit thch hp vi c im cng vic v ni lm vic cng nh thc hin y cc th tc cho php vo lm vic, tip nhn ni lm vic khi kt thc, ghi vo phiu cng tc nhng mc theo yu cu v vo s vn hnh. Sau khi bn
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giao ni lm vic th lu gi phiu vo cp Phiu ang lm vic theo di. 59-5 Nhn vin n v cng tc: L cng nhn c o to, hun luyn lm vic ca x nghip. Khi lm vic c ct in mt phn hoc gn ni c in, trong mi n v cng tc c th c 1 ngi c trnh an ton bc I vi iu kin ngoi ngi ch huy trc tip ra, trong n v cng tc c t nht 1 ngi c trnh an ton bc III. Khi lm vic c ct in hon ton hoc xa ni c in th s nhn vin c trnh an ton bc I do ngi cp phiu hoc ngi ra lnh cng tc quy nh. iu 60: Danh sch nhng ngi c giao nhim v cp phiu, lnh o cng vic, ch huy trc tip, gim st do ph gim c k thut x nghip ph duyt. iu 61: i vi phiu cng tc lm vic trn thit b in p n 1000 V th trong phiu cng tc c th ch cn cc chc danh sau: 61-1 Ngi cp phiu cng tc: phi c trnh an ton t nht bc IV, lm vic thit b in trn 3 nm, c quyt nh quyn c cp phiu cng tc ca x nghip. 61-2 Ngi cho php vo lm vic: nhn vin vn hnh trc ca. Ngi cho php c th giao cho ngi ch huy trc tip ct, ng in theo phiu cng tc khi cn thit. Phi ghi vo s vn hnh s phiu cng tc, thi gian ct in, thi gian kt thc cng vic v thi gian ng in cho thit b. 61-3 Ngi ch huy trc tip: cng vi ngi cho php chun b ni lm vic, b tr nhn vin n v vo v tr tin hnh cng tc. Trnh an ton ngi ch huy trc tip t nht bc III. Trng hp c thao tc trn thit b c cp in p t 1000 V tr ln th ngi thao tc phi c trnh an ton bc IV tr ln. 61-4 Nhn vin n v cng tc: do ngi cp phiu quyt nh v ghi vo trong phiu. iu 62: Cho php mt ngi kim nhim (2 3) chc danh trong cc chc danh ca phiu cng tc, trong ngi kim nhim phi c trnh an ton p ng chc danh m mnh m nhim. V-2-2. Th tc thi hnh phiu cng tc iu 63: Ngi cp phiu cng tc chu trch nhim ghi cc mc: - Ngi lnh o cng vic. - Ngi ch huy trc tip .
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- a im cng tc. - Ni dung cng vic. - Thi gian bt u v kt thc theo k hoch. - Cc bin php an ton cn thc hin (cc ct bn tri mc 4). - Cc iu kin c bit cn lu thm. - Danh sch nhn vin n v cng tc (mc ny c th giao cho ngi lnh o n v cng tc ghi. Nu ngi cp phiu ghi th phi chu trch nhim v s lng v trnh nhn vin n v cng tc nh nu im 59-2) - K tn, ghi r h tn, thi gian cp trc khi giao phiu cho ngi thc hin. Nhn li phiu khi hon thnh, kim tra li ton b qu trnh thc hin v k tn vo cui phiu, lu li phiu theo quy nh. Nu trong qu trnh kim tra vic thc hin phiu pht hin nhng sai st th phi t chc kim im rt kinh nghim. Trng hp c sai phm nghim trng phi c hnh thc x l thch ng ngn nga trc khi tai nn c th xy ra. iu 64: Ngi lnh o cng vic sau khi nhn phiu, ghi s ngi lm vic ca n v vo mc 1 (nu ngi cp phiu giao li). Giao 1 t phiu cho ngi ch huy trc tip (hoc ngi gim st), 1 t phiu cho ngi cho php, cng lm th tc khi giao nhn ni lm vic. Kim tra tnh hnh thc hin cng vic khi thy cn thit. V-2-3. Th tc cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic iu 65: Khi thc hin xong cc bin php an ton v trc khi cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic, ngi cho php phi thc hin nhng vic sau: 1- Ch cho ton n v thy ni lm vic, dng bt th in c cp in p tng ng chng minh l khng cn in cc phn c ct in v ni t. 2- Kim tra s lng v bc an ton ca nhn vin n v cng tc c ng nh ghi trong phiu khng. 3- Ch dn cho ton n v bit nhng phn cn mang in xung quanh ni lm vic. 4- Ngi lnh o cng vic, ngi ch huy trc tip k vo phiu cng tc, sau trao cho ngi cho php k vo phiu (c ghi r h tn). iu 66: Sau khi k phiu cho php vo lm vic, ngi ch huy trc tip gi 1 bn, cn 1 bn ngi cho php vo tp Phiu ang lm vic v ghi vo s vn hnh s phiu, thi gian bt u, kt thc cng vic. V-2-4. Gim st trong khi lm vic
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iu 67: K t khi cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic, ngi ch huy trc tip (hoc ngi gim st) chu trch nhim gim st mi ngi lm vic theo cc quy nh v an ton. iu 68: lm nhim v gim st, ngi ch huy trc tip (hoc ngi gim st) phi lun lun c mt ti ni lm vic. Khi ngi ch huy trc tip (hoc ngi gim st) cn vng mt m khng c ngi thay th th phi rt ton n v ra khi ni lm vic. iu 69: Ngi lnh o cng vic phi nh k i kim tra vic chp hnh quy trnh k thut an ton ca mi ngi trong n v cng tc. Khi pht hin thy c vi phm quy trnh k thut an ton hoc hin tng khc nguy him cho ngi lm vic th phi thu phiu cng tc v rt n v cng tc ra khi ni lm vic. Ch sau khi khc phc cc thiu st mi c lm cc th tc cho php n v cng tc tr li lm vic v ghi vo phiu cng tc. V-2-5. Th tc ngh gii lao iu 70: Khi tm ngng cng vic trong ngy lm vic (v d: n tra), i vi cc cng vic c ct in tng phn hoc khng ct in, phi rt n v ra khi ni lm vic. Cc bin php an ton vn nguyn. Sau khi ngh xong, khng ai c vo ni lm vic nu cha c mt ngi ch huy trc tip (hoc ngi gim st) cho php n v tr li ni lm vic. Ngi ch huy trc tip (hoc ngi gim st) ch c cho nhn vin vo lm vic khi kim tra cn y cc bin php an ton. iu 71: Khi ngi ch huy trc tip cha giao phiu li v ghi r l kt thc cng vic th nhn vin vn hnh khng c ng, ct trn thit b, thay i s lm nh hng n iu kin lm vic. Trong trng hp xy ra s c th nhn vin vn hnh c th ng in nu bit chc chn trn thit b khng c ngi lm vic, khng cn ch kho phiu, nhng phi tin hnh cc bin php sau y: 1- Tho g cc bin bo, ni t, ro chn tm thi. t li ro chn c nh v treo bin: Dng li! c in nguy him cht ngi, thay cho bin: Lm vic ti y!. 2- Trc khi ngi ch huy trc tip tr li v trao tr phiu, phi c ngi thng trc ti ch bo cho ngi ch huy trc tip v cho nhn vin trong n v cng tc bit l thit b c ng in v khng c php lm vic trn na. V-2-6. Th tc ngh ht ngy lm vic v bt u ngy tip theo

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iu 72: Nu cng vic phi ko di nhiu ngy th sau mi ngy lm vic phi thu dn ni lm vic, cc li i, cn bin bo, ro chn, tip t nguyn ti ch. Phiu cng tc v cha kho giao li cho nhn vin vn hnh v hai bn u phi k vo phiu. iu 73: bt u cng vic ngy tip theo, ngi cho php v ngi ch huy trc tip phi kim tra li cc bin php an ton v k vo phiu cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic. Khi khng nht thit phi c mt ngi lnh o cng vic. V-2-7. Di chuyn ni lm vic iu 74: Cho php lm vic nhiu ni trn cng mt l theo mt phiu cng tc vi cc iu kin sau y: 1- Mi ni lm vic u phi do nhn vin vn hnh chun b v bn giao cho ngi lnh o cng vic, ngi ch huy trc tip khi bt u cng vic. 2- Ngi ch huy trc tip v ton n v ch c php lm vic mt ni xc nh trong s cc ni trn l. 3- trn thit b c ngi trc thng xuyn th vic di chuyn ni lm vic do nhn vin vn hnh cho php. 4- thit b phn phi khng c ngi trc th do ngi lnh o cng vic cho php. 5- Khi di chuyn ni lm vic phi ghi vo phiu cng tc, ngi ch huy trc tip v ngi cho php cng k vo phiu. iu 75: Khi lm vic khng ct in th ch cn lm th tc di chuyn ni lm vic nu n v cng tc chuyn t thit b ngoi tri cp in p ny sang thit b ngoi tri cp in p khc hoc t mt phng phn phi ny sang mt phng phn phi khc. V-2-8. Kt thc cng vic, kho phiu trao tr ni lm vic v ng in iu 76: Khi kt thc ton b cng vic phi thu dn, v sinh ch lm vic v ngi lnh o cng vic phi xem xt li. Sau khi rt ht ngi ra khi ni lm vic, tho ht tip t v cc bin php an ton do n v cng tc lm thm mi c kho phiu cng tc. iu 77: Nu trong qu trnh kim tra cht lng, pht hin thy c thiu st cn cha li ngay th ngi lnh o cng vic phi thc hin theo quy nh Th tc cho php vo lm vic nh i vi mt cng vic mi. Vic lm b sung ny khng cn pht thm phiu cng tc mi nhng phi ghi vo phiu cng tc thi gian bt u, kt thc vic lm thm.
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iu 78: Khi c lnh tho tip t di ng th mi ngi phi hiu rng cng vic lm xong, cm t vo v tip xc vi thit b lm bt c vic g. iu 79: Bn giao phi tin hnh trc tip gia n v cng tc v n v qun l thit b. Ngi lnh o cng vic, ngi ch huy trc tip (hoc ngi gim st) v ngi cho php k vo phn kt thc cng tc v kho phiu. Ch cho php bn giao bng in thoi khi c s thng nht gia hai bn t lc cp pht phiu, ng thi phi c mt hiu quy nh trc. iu 80: Vic thao tc ng in vo thit b c thc hin sau khi kho phiu, ct bin bo, ro chn tm thi, t li ro chn c nh. Nu trn thit b ng in c nhiu n v cng tc th ch sau khi kho tt c cc phiu cng tc mi c ng in. VI. Nhng bin php an ton khi lm vic trn cao VI-1. Bin php t chc iu 81: Tt c cn b, cng nhn hp ng, tm tuyn, hc sinh khi lm vic trn cao u phi trit tun theo nhng iu quy nh trong phn ny. iu 82: Nhng ngi lm vic trn cao t 3 m tr ln phi c y sc kho, khng b cc bnh yu tim, au thn kinh, ng kinh ... c giy chng nhn sc kho ca c quan y t, c hc tp, kim tra quy trnh t yu cu. iu 83: Nhm trng, t trng, i trng, chi nhnh trng chu trch nhim kim tra y bin php an ton trc khi cho cng nhn lm vic, ng thi nhc nh cc bin php phng nga tai nn v nhng s nguy him khc c th xy ra xung quanh ni lm vic. iu 84: Nu mt hoc nhiu ngi c hnh ng vi phm quy trnh k thut an ton th ngi c trch nhim v an ton c quyn cho ngng cng vic nhc nh hoc nh ch hn cng vic ang tin hnh khi xt thy vn nghim trng, e da tai nn, nhng phi bo co ngay vi cp trn ca mnh. iu 85: Khi c hai ngi lm vic tr ln, nht thit phi c nhm trng. Khi lm vic nhng ch c ng ngi v xe c, tu, thuyn qua li th phi c bin php ro chn hoc t bin bo Ch ! cng trng, t ba-ri-e ... ngn ngi, xe c v tu, thuyn khng vo khu vc ang lm vic. iu 86: Tt c cng nhn t bc I ngh nghip tr ln u c lm vic trn cao ni c in hoc gn ni c in nhng phi c hc tp v st hch t yu cu quy trnh ny. Ring
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i vi cng nhn tm tuyn, hp ng theo thi v v hc sinh th ch c lm vic trn cao trong trng hp khng c in v cng phi c hun luyn, st hch t yu cu quy trnh k thut an ton. iu 87: Nhng ngi lm vic trn cao phi tun theo cc mnh lnh v cc bin php an ton m ngi ph trch hoc cn b k thut ch dn. iu 88: Nghim cm nhng ngi ung ru, bia, m, au, khng t tiu chun sc kho lm vic trn cao. iu 89: Khi thy cc bin php an ton cha c ra c th hoc cha ng vi quy trnh k thut an ton th ngi thc hin c quyn t kin vi ngi ra lnh. Nu cha c gii quyt thch ng th bo co ln trn mt cp, v c quyn khng thc hin. iu 90: Nu ngi ph trch ra lnh cho cng nhn lm mt vic vi phm quy trnh k thut an ton th ngi nhn lnh phi bo co cho ngi ra lnh bit. Khi , cng nhn c quyn khng thc hin v bo co vi cp trn.

VI-2. Bin php k thut iu 91: Khi lm vic trn cao, qun o phi gn gng, tay o phi bung v ci cc, i m, i giy an ton, eo dy an ton. Khng c php i dp khng c quai hu, giy inh, guc ... . Ma rt phi mc m. iu 92: Lm vic trn cao t 3 m tr ln bt buc phi eo dy an ton, d thi gian lm vic rt ngn (tr trng hp lm vic trn sn thao tc c lan can bo v chc chn). Dy eo an ton khng c mc vo nhng b phn di ng nh thang di ng hoc nhng vt khng chc chn, d gy, d tut, phi mc vo nhng vt c nh chc chn. iu 93: Khi c gi ti cp 6 (60 70 km/gi) hay tri ma to nng ht hoc c ging st th cm lm vic trn cao. iu 94: Nhng ct ang dng d hoc dng xong cha t 24 gi th khng c tro ln bt x, s. Ch c tro ln tho dy chng khi mng c 24 gi v phi c dy eo an ton. Khi tro ln ct, ln thang phi t t, chc chn, tp trung t tng, cm va tro va ni chuyn, nhn i ch khc. Khi lm vic trn cao cm ni chuyn, a nghch. iu 95: Khng c mang vc dng c, vt liu nng ln cao cng vi ngi. Ch c php mang theo ngi nhng dng c nh nh km, tuc-n-vt, c-l, m-lt, ba con... nhng phi ng
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trong bao ng chuyn dng. Cm t cc dng c vo ti qun, o phng ri xung u ngi khc. iu 96: Dng c lm vic trn cao phi vo nhng ch chc chn hoc lm mc treo vo ct sao cho khi va p mnh khng ri xung t. iu 97: Cm a dng c, vt liu ln cao hoc t trn cao xung bng cch tung, nm m phi dng dy buc ko ln hoc h xung t t qua puly, ngi di phi ng xa chn ct v gi mt u dy di. iu 98: Cm ht thuc khi lm vic trn cao. iu 99: Lm vic trn nhng mi nh trn, dc cn c nhng bin php an ton c th nhng v tr . Ngi ph trch, cn b k thut phi ht sc ch theo di, nhc nh. iu 100: Tro ln ct ly tm khng l, bc tro phi dng thang mt dng, hai dng hoc guc tro chuyn dng, ty leo. Cm tuyt i tro ct bng ng dy no ct. Khi dng thang mt dng hai dng, guc tro chuyn dng hoc ty leo c quy trnh s dng ring cho loi thang, guc tro, ty leochuyn dng ny.

VI-3. Nhng bin php an ton khi s dng thang di ng iu 101: Thang di ng l loi thang lm bng g, tre, st ... c th chuyn t ch ny sang ch khc. nhng ch khng c iu kin bc gin gio th cho php lm vic trn thang di ng. iu 102: Khi lm vic trn thang phi c mt ngi gi chn thang. Trn nn hoa, xi mng, gch ... phi lt chn thang bng cao su hoc bao ti t cho khi trt. Trn nn t phi khot lm t di chn thang. iu 103: Thang phi m bo nhng iu kin sau: - Vt liu dng lm thang phi chc chn v kh. - Chiu rng chn thang t nht l 0,5 m. - Thang khng b mt, on, cong khi lm vic trn . - Khong cch gia cc bc thang u nhau. - Bc thang khng c ng bng inh, bc u v bc cui phi c cht. - Nu l thang tre cn phi ly dy thp buc, xon chc chn hai u v gia thang.
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- Thang phi trong thi hn c php s dng. iu 104: Khi dng thang vo cc x di, ng trn phi dng dy buc u thang vo vt . Chiu di ca thang phi thch hp vi cao cn lm vic. iu 105: ng lm vic trn thang t nht phi cch ngn thang 1 m v phi ng bc trn bc di. Trong iu kin bnh thng thang phi dng vi mt phng thng ng mt gc t 150 n 300. Ch : i vi thang di ng khng c eo tht lng an ton vo thang. iu 106: Khng mang theo nhng vt qu nng ln thang hoc khng tro ln thang cng mt lc hai ngi. Khng ng trn thang dch chuyn t v tr ny sang v tr khc. iu 107: Nu cn thit phi ni thang th phi dng ai bng st v bt bu lng, hoc dng np bng g, tre cng p hai u ch ni di t nht 1 m ri dng dy thp no xon tht cht, m bo khng lung lay, xc xch. Phi thng xuyn kim tra thang, nu thy cha an ton phi cha li ngay hoc cng quyt khng dng.

I-4. Nhng bin php an ton khi s dng dy eo an ton iu 108: Dy eo an ton phi c th 6 thng 1 ln bng cch treo trng lng hoc thit b th dy an ton chuyn dng. Vi dy c 225 kg, dy mi 300 kg, thi gian th 5 pht, trc khi a ra dng phi kim tra kho mc, ng ch ... xem c b r hoc t khng, nu nghi ng phi th trng lng ngay. iu 109: Sau khi th dy eo an ton, t trng phi ghi ngy th, trng lng th v nhn xt tt, xu vo s theo di th dy an ton ca t. ng thi nh du vo dy th, ch dy no nh du mi c s dng. iu 110: Hng ngy, cng nhn trc khi lm vic trn cao phi t kim tra dy eo an ton ca mnh bng cch eo vo ngi ri buc dy vo vt chc chn di t chm chn li ng ngi ra pha sau xem dy c hin tng g khng. iu 111: Phi bo qun tt dy eo an ton. Khng c ch m thp m phi treo ln hoc ch cao, kh ro, sch s. Lm xong vic phi cun li gn gng. iu 112: Cc t sn xut c trch nhim qun l cht ch dy eo an ton. Nu xy ra tai nn do dy b t, gy mc hoc do khng th ng k hn th t trng, i trng, chi nhnh trng v cn b k thut ph trch an ton ca n v phi chu hon ton trch nhim.

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Phn th hai Nhng bin php an ton khi lm cng tc qun l, Vn hnh, sa cha ng dy cao, h p v trm bin p

Chng mt bin php an ton khi cng tc cc trm bin p I- Nhng quy nh ti thiu cn phi nh iu 113: Nghim cm dn ngi l vo trm, i vi nhng ngi vo tham quan, nghin cu phi do n v trng, ph (hoc k thut vin) hng dn. iu 114: Nhng cng nhn vo trm lm vic nht thit phi c t bc II an ton, nhm trng phi c bc III an ton tr ln. Ngi vo trm mt mnh phi c bc V an ton ng thi phi c tn trong danh sch c n v trng duyt. iu 115: Vo trm lm vic, tham quan u phi tn trng ni quy trm, nhng ngi vo ln u tin phi c hng dn t m. Vo trm lm cng tc sa cha thit b hoc iu chnh rle, ng h nht thit phi c hai ngi v ch c lm vic trong phm vi cho php. iu 116: Khong cch an ton khi cng tc khng c ro chn phi m bo: in h p khng nh hn 0,30 m in p n 15 kV khng nh hn 0,70 m in p n 35 kV khng nh hn 1,00 m in p n 110 kV khng nh hn 1,50 m in p n 220 kV khng nh hn 2,50 m in p n 500 kV khng nh hn 4,50 m
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iu ny ch p dng vi cc cng vic sa cha nh, quan st trong vn hnh. i vi cng vic sa cha lu di hoc c vn chuyn thit b cng knh, phi lp phng n k thut v bin php an ton c th trc khi tin hnh cng vic. iu 117: Mi ln vo trm cng tc, bt c ai, khng phn bit chc v u nht thit phi ghi vo s nht k trm nhng cng vic lm. iu 118: Cha kho trm phi ghi tn r rng v c qun l theo ni quy ring. Mi khi ri khi trm u phi kho v git ca th xem ca kho cht cha. iu 119: Khi thit b trong trm b s c th phi ng cch xa thit b t nht 5 m nu t trong nh, 10 m nu t ngoi tri. Ch c php n gn khi bit chc chn thit b hon ton khng c in na. Khi sp c ging st phi ngng mi cng tc ang lm trong trm ngoi tri v trn cc cu dao vo ca ng dy ni u vo trm xy. II- Kim tra vn hnh thit b iu 120: Ngi lm nhim v kim tra cc thit b mang in h p phi c t bc III an ton tr ln. iu 121: Ngi c i kim tra hoc ghi ch ng h m in mt mnh khng c vt qua ro chn hoc t sa cha thit b. iu 122: Nu cn phi m ca li kim tra thit b ang vn hnh th ngi ng ngoi gim st phi c t bc IV an ton tr ln, ngi vo kim tra phi c trnh khng thp hn bc III an ton v phi quan st k ti phn mang in m bo khong cch an ton. iu 123: Cc nhn vin cng tc trong trm phi nh k rng: nhng thit b ang vn hnh b mt in hoc ct in nhng cha tip t, hoc thit b d phng t trong trm th dng in c th khi phc li bt ng, cm lm vic trn cc thit b . Khi c ging st khng c kim tra cc trm ngoi tri. III- iu khin cu dao iu 124: ng, ct cu dao c in cao p phi do 2 ngi thc hin theo mt phiu thao tc, phiu ny phi c ch k duyt ca ngi c gim c u nhim. Phiu thao tc phi ghi r trnh t s tin hnh v nhng iu cn ch v k thut an ton.
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Trc khi i, nhm thao tc phi c k phiu phn nh ngay nhng iu cha r vi ngi ra lnh. n ni thao tc phi kim tra hai vic: - Tn thc t trn cu dao c ng vi tn ghi trong phiu khng. - Cc iu kin an ton nh: so thao tc, gh cch in cn tt khng. Nu pht hin thy khng ng th khng thi hnh nhng phi bo co ngay cho ngi ra lnh bit. iu 125: Nhn vin trc trm bin p cng khng c php thao tc mt mnh theo lnh bng in thoi ca trng ca vn hnh li in mc du c hun luyn tt v chuyn mn. iu 126: i vi li in c cp in p t 1 kV tr ln, dng c an ton thao tc phi c: - So cch in (tr ni c hp b cu dao, my ngt). - Gng cch in. - ng cch in. Tt c nhng dng c trn u phi c in p cch in ph hp vi in p cn thao tc. iu 127: Khi tri ma to nc chy thnh dng trn cc dng c an ton th khng c thao tc ngoi tri. nhng ng dy khng c in cho php thao tc cu dao khi tri ma, ging khi cn thit. IV- s dng km o cng iu 128: o cng dng in li in cao p bng ng h kiu km phi c phiu cng tc, khi o phi c hai ngi, nhng ngi ny phi c hun luyn ring v cch o, c ch s, cch gim st an ton v phi c bc IV an ton tr ln. iu 129: Vi in cao p ch c php dng km c ampe mt lp ngay trn km o, i vi in h p cho php o c trng hp ampe mt t ring. iu 130: Khi o, dng c an ton phi c: gng, ng, gh cch in tng ng vi in p ca li. V tr o phi thun tin v khong cch gia cc pha khng di 0,25 m. iu 131: Phn cn cch in km o li cao p phi qua th nghim. Khng c s dng km o nu phn cch in pha ming km b nt, v . iu 132: Khi o li in h p, ngi o khng cn mang thit b an ton, nu o trn ct th phi tun theo quy nh lm vic trn cao ca quy trnh ny. Khi o phi ng trn nn nh hoc gi chc chn, khng c ng trn thang di ng.
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iu 133: o xong, km o in phi trong hp v bo qun ni kh ro. Chng hai bin php an ton khi tip xc vi thit b in i - phn loi cng tc thit b in iu 134: Cng tc thit b in cao p v h p (trm v ng dy) c chia lm 3 loi : 1- Ct in hon ton. 2- Ct in tng phn. 3- Khng ct in. Ngi cng nhn phi hiu v phn bit r rng 3 loi k trn chun b nhng iu kin an ton cho cng vic cn tin hnh. iu 135: Khi cng vic i hi phi ct in hon ton trong trm th phi c 4 iu kin sau: - Phiu thao tc; - Phiu cng tc; - Chun b s lng dy tip t t m ngoi nhng cu dao in cao p dn in n v i; - Chun b s bin bo an ton cn thit. iu 136: Trng hp ch cn ct in cao p tng phn cng tc th n v cng tc phi lu nhng vn sau: - Phi hiu cn k ni dung cng tc ghi sn trong phiu cng tc v phiu thao tc. - Phi c bin php c th trnh nhm ln ni s lm vic. - Khng c t thay i ni dung phiu cng tc. - Phi m bo khong cch an ton i vi thit b bn cnh ang mang in hoc c nhng ro chn cn thit. - Phi c bin bo v tip t cn thit. II- cng tc vi thit b in cao p khng ct in iu 137: Nhng vic lm khng ct in, tu theo mc nguy him chia lm hai loi chnh: 1. Nhng vic lm bn ngoi hng ro chn thit b ang mang in hoc ngoi khong cch an ton vi thit b ang mang in.
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2. Nhng vic lm gn hoc trn cc b phn v thit b ang mang in khng c kh nng che chn, c th gy nguy him cho ngi lm vic. iu 138: Nhng cng vic tin hnh bn ngoi hng ro chn c nh ca trm hoc phn in h p ca trm th nhm cng tc khng cn phi c phiu cng tc, nhng phi ghi vo s nht k trm nhng cng vic lm. Ring cng nhn xy dng vo trm lm vic phi c nhn vin vn hnh gim st. iu 139: Nhng cng vic cho php m ca li an ton khi thit b vn mang in l: Ly mu du my bin p (ch kim tra tip t v my trc). - Tin hnh lc du nhng my bin p ln ang vn hnh. - Kim tra nhit cc u mi ni, u bot, hm cu dao bng nn gn trn so cch in (dng c an ton nh khi thao tc). - Lau chi s cch in t 35 kV tr xung bng chi lng g (chi phi qua th nghim tiu chun cch in v bo qun tt mi c s dng. Cm buc chi vo vt c th dn in c). - Kim tra rung ca thanh ci bng so thao tc. - Kim tra in bng n n-ng, o dng in bng am-pe km. Lm nhng cng vic trn cn c phiu cng tc, phi m bo khong cch quy nh. iu 140: Nhng cng vic cho php lm iu 139 ch c tin hnh khi cc b phn mang in pha trc mt hay pha trn u, ngi lm vic phi ng trn nn nh hoc dn gio chc chn, cm ngi lm vic ng lom khom. iu 141: Nghim cm lm vic trn cc dn gio tm thi hoc trn thang di ng khi bn di vn c thit b mang in cao p (mc d m bo khong cch an ton). III- CNG VIC LM CHO PHP KHNG TIP T iu 142: Nhng vic lm c ct in nhng khng tip t c chia lm hai loi chnh: 1- Cng vic tm thi phi g dy tip t. 2- Cng vic cho php khng cn t dy tip t di ng nhng phi treo bin Cm ng in! ti nhng cu dao phi ct in lm vic. Khi lm cc cng vic ny ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh bc IV an ton tr ln.
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iu 143: Nhng cng vic c ct in nhng phi g dy tip t cng tc l: - Kim tra in tr ca h thng trm. - Cng c li tip t ca thit b hoc ca c h thng trm. Lm nhng cng vic trn phi c phiu cng tc, phiu phi ghi r tho tip t no v do nhn vin vn hnh no thc hin. iu 144: Nhn vin vn hnh thit b c th u nhim cng vic iu 143 cho ngi ch huy trc tip n v th nghim (bng cch ghi c th vo phiu cng tc) sau khi hon thnh vic ct in v treo bin an ton. Cho php lau chi v thit b cng vi nhng cng vic c php. iu 145: Nhng thit b ct in cng tc nhng cho php khng cn tip t nu tho mn 3 yu cu sau: 1- Thit b c cu trc hnh khi gn, quan st ton b d dng. 2- C th cch ly hon ton khi h thng in bng cu dao (1 pha v 3 pha) m ng ti ch nhn thy r. 3- Chc chn khng c hin tng cm ng xut hin trn thit b . iu ny ch cho php thc hin i vi in p 35 kV tr xung. Ch thch: Nhng thit b loi ny nh: my ngt, my bin p, TU ( ct cu ch pha th cp) ..., cun dp h quang, cc ng c, chng st, t in ( kh in tch). iu 146: Nghim cm lm vic cc on cp ngm hay dy dn ni khng lm tip t trc. IV- Cng vic lm trn cc cu dao cch ly, my ngt c b iu khin t xa iu 147: Khi lm vic trn cu dao cch ly c b phn truyn ng iu khin t xa cn p dng nhng bin php ngn nga vic ng nhm ln, c th l : 1- Phi c phiu cng tc. 2- Phi mc s lng dy tip t v treo cc bin cm cn thit. Sau khi thc hin ni dung trn mi lm th tc cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic. iu 148: Lm vic trn my ngt th bin php an ton l: - Phi c lnh cho php my ngt tch khi vn hnh. - Phi c phiu cng tc. - Phi g cu ch iu khin my ngt. - Phi ct cc cu dao cch ly trc v sau my ngt.
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- Nu l my ngt khng kh phi kho cc van dn kh nn n my, x phn kh nn c sn trong my v treo bin: Cm m van! c ngi ang lm vic - Treo bin: Cm ng in! c ngi ang lm vic vo kho iu khin my ngt. iu 149: tin hnh th, iu chnh vic ng, ct my ngt, ngi ch huy trc tip c php lp cu ch mch iu khin v phc hi kh nn trong bnh nhng phi c s ng ca nhn vin vn hnh. iu 150: Khi c ngi lm vic trong bnh cha kh th phi kho cc van dn kh vo bnh v treo bin Cm m van! c ngi ang lm vic. iu 151: Cm lm vic cc my ngt ang vn hnh (k c vic lau chi s cch in bng chi lng gn trn so cch in). iu 152: Khng c lau chi my nn kh cng nh sa cha nh lc my ang lm vic. Ch c php tra du m khi my ang lm vic vi iu kin c y dng c v phng tin m bo an ton. v- lm vic vi c quy v thit b np in iu 153: Khi khng c ngi lm vic th bung c quy phi kho li, cha kho phi giao cho ngi ph trch hoc nhng ngi chuyn trch kim tra gi. iu 154: Bung cha c quy phi c cc h thng qut gi, thng hi, cc bnh c quy lu ng c in p 24 V n 36 V c th t trong t c h thng qut gi. i vi loi c qui c ch to theo cng ngh mi th bin son qui trnh ring theo qui nh ca nh ch to. iu 155: Cm ht thuc, s dng bt la, l si trong bung cha c quy, trn ca bung c quy phi r: Bung c quyCm la. iu 156: Khng c c lm cn cc ca thng gi, cc li i gia cc gi trong bung c quy. iu 157: Trc khi np v sau khi np c quy phi m qut thng gi t nht l 90 pht. Nu pht hin cn hi c th khng c ngng qut. Bung c quy lm vic theo phng php thng xuyn np v phng th trong 1 ca phi nh k m qut thng gi t nht 2 ln, mi ln 30 pht. iu 158: c php nc ct v 1 t dung dch trung ho ch ca ra vo ca bung c quy. iu 159: Trn thnh cc bnh cha cc loi dung dch, nc ct u phi ghi r rng tng loi bng sn chng axt.
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iu 160: Axt m c phi trong cc bung ring, trong bung ngoi axt ra ch c php dung dch trung ho, axt phi trong cc bnh thu tinh hay snh s, ng nt cn thn v phi t trong cc gi c quai xch. iu 161: Lm vic vi axt phi do ngi chuyn nghip m nhim, vn chuyn bnh axt phi c hai ngi, ch kim tra ng i trc trnh trn, trt ng hoc lm bnh. iu 162: Khi rt axt ra khi bnh phi c phng tin gi bnh khi v. Bnh cha axt phi tht kh v sch s. Khi pha ch axt thnh dung dch phi rt tng tia nh axt theo a thu tinh vo bnh nc ct v lun lun quy to nhit tt. Cm nc ct vo axt pha ch thnh dung dch. iu 163: Khi dng chnh lu xlen khng c tho v bc lm cng vic g trn nhng b phn dn in lc cha ngt mch chnh lu. iu 164: Nhng cng vic lm trong bung c quy phi do cng nhn c quy ph trch. Trng hp cn nhn vin sa cha hoc th nghim vo bung c quy lm vic th nht thit phi c nhn vin vn hnh c qui ng gim st an ton. vi- lm vic vi t in v bo v t in iu 165: ng v ct cc t in cao p do hai nhn vin c trnh bc III an ton tr ln thc hin. Nghim cm dng cu dao cch ly thng ng v ct cc t in cao p. Cm ly mu du khi t in ang vn hnh. iu 166: Khi my ngt bo v cho b t in lm vic hoc cu ch bo v b chy th ch c php ng li sau khi tm c nguyn nhn v sa cha. iu 167: Trng hp ct t in sa cha, nht thit phi phng in cc t in bng thanh dn kim loi c tit din ti thiu 25 mm2 v ti a 250 mm2. Thanh ny phi ghp cht vo m so cch in. So ny c tiu chun thao tc in p lm vic ca t in. Nu t in c bo v ring tng bnh hoc tng nhm th phi phng in ring tng bnh hoc tng nhm. Lu : Khi phng in tch d ca t in cn c in tr hn ch, sau mi phng trc tip xung t trnh h hng t. iu 168: Nu h thng t in t chung vi trm bin p th phi t cc b t in ring mt bung v c xy tng ngn cch hn vi bung t thit b khc ngn nga ha hon.
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Chng ba Bin php an ton khi lm cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha ng dy cao, h p I- Nhng bin php an ton chung khi tin hnh cng tc trn ng dy cao, h p iu 169: Kim tra nh k ng dy phi i 2 ngi, phi lun lun xem nh ng dy ang c in. Kim tra tin hnh trn mt t. Trng hp cn thit tro ln ct th phi m bo khong cch an ton quy nh. Nu i kim tra ban m phi c n soi, i cch ng dy 5 m v i pha trc hng gi thi. Ban m khng c tro ln ct. iu 170: Khi thy dy dn t ri xung t hoc cn l lng th phi tm mi bin php ngn nga mi ngi khng c ti gn qu 10 m k c bn thn mnh. Ni c ngi qua li th phi c 1 ngi ng gc v phi bo ngay cho iu c s bit. Nu giao cho ngi a phng ng gc th phi gii thch k bin php an ton cho h. iu 171: Khi tro ln ct phi bit s b sc bn ca mng ct, cm tro ln ct va mi dng nu khng c php ca ngi ph trch, cm tro v pha t tay x, cm tro v lm vic v pha gc trong ca dy dn trn ct mt tr c s kim. iu 172: Khi cng tc trn chui s, ch cho php ngi di chuyn dc chui s, sau khi xem xt k chui s, khng c vt nt u s hay cc ph kin khc, cc mc ni, kho, cht cn tt v . Ngi lm vic phi s dng dy an ton ph, ci cht vo x hoc u tr. iu 173: Trc khi di chuyn trn x bng g phi eo dy an ton chnh v thm dy an ton ph buc vo u ct (dy an ton ph cng phi th nghim nh dy an ton chnh). Phi kim tra ct v x trc khi tro ln lm vic. iu 174: Khi tin hnh cng tc trn ng dy vt ng st, ng b, ng sng phi p dng cc bin php di y: 1- Giao cho vi ng st, ng sng phi bo trc cho c quan qun l v mi i din ca h ti im cng tc phi hp, m bo an ton cho 2 bn. 2- Giao cho vi ng b phi c ngi cm c (hoc n nu l ban m) ng hai pha ni cng tc, cch 100 m bo hiu. Nu ng c nhiu xe qua li phi bc dn gio. iu 175: Trn ng dy c ct in, trng hp cn thit cho php lm vic ban m vi iu kin c nh sng.
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Khi c ging, bo hoc sp c ging, bo ngi ph trch phi dn i cng tc ra xa ng dy, cm lm vic trn ng dy khi c gi cp 4 tr ln hoc c ma nng ht, nc chy thnh dng trn ngi v thit b. iu 176: Cht cy dc ng dy phi tun theo nhng quy nh sau: - Ngi cha c hun luyn, cha c kinh nghim khng c cht cy. - Ngi ch huy trc tip n v cng tc c nhim v thng bo cho nhn vin bit v nguy him khi tro ln cy, khi cy v dy thng tip xc vi dy in. - Cm cht cy khi c gi cp 4 tr ln, cm ca cy sn hng lot ri lm cy bng cch cho cy ny lm cy kia. Cm ng pha cy v pha i din. trnh cy khi vo ng dy phi dng dy thng buc v ko v pha i din vi ng dy dn. - Khi cht cy phi cht cnh mc, cy mc trc, khi cy sp , cnh gy phi bo cho ngi xung quanh bit. - Khi cht cy phi dng dy buc chui dao vi c tay trnh ri vo ngi khc. Dy an ton phi c buc vo cnh cy hoc thn cy chc chn. - Khi cht cy, cht cnh c kh nng ri vo ng dy th phi ct in. Nu khng ct in th phi c bin php h cnh an ton. - Cht cy trong hnh lang an ton ng dy cao p th phi c phiu cng tc. - Khuyn khch cc n v dng ca my c so cch in ta, cht cy trong qun l vn hnh. iu 177: c php tin hnh o tip t khi ng dy ang vn hnh nhng phi m bo cc iu kin sau: - Khi tri khng c ma, ging, st. - Khi tho dy tip t trn ng dy c bo v bng dy chng st th phi eo gng tay cch in hoc trc khi tho, u dy tip t ct phi ni tt tm thi u dy tip t vo mt cc tip t bng mt on dy dn c tit din ti thiu 10 mm2. iu 178: Mi cng tc trn ng dy cao p phi c t nht hai ngi thc hin, cho php mt ngi tin hnh cc cng vic nh: treo bin bo, sa chn ct, nh s ct ... m khng tro ln ct cao qu 3 m v khng sa cha cc cu kin ca ct. II- Nhng bin php an ton khi cng tc
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trn ng dy cao p ang vn hnh v gn ng dy ang c in II-1. Cng tc trn ng dy ang vn hnh iu 179: Cng tc trn ng dy ang vn hnh c phn loi nh sau: 179-1 Nhng cng vic ti mng ct v tro ln ct khng qu 3 m. Khng tho d cc cu kin ct th cho php tin hnh khng cn phiu cng tc v ch cn mt ngi c trnh an ton bc II tr ln. 179-2 Nhng cng vic c tro ln ct qu 3m v cch dy dn cui cng ti thiu 2 m nh: t, tho thit b quan trc st (m st), thay thanh ging, sn v sa cha cc b trn ct th phi tin hnh theo phiu cng tc. 179-3 Nhng cng vic c tro ln ct vt qu quy nh v khong cch ti im 179-2 nh: sn x v phn trn ca ct, g t chim, kim tra dy dn, dy chng st, mi ni, s v cc ph kin khc th phi tun theo iu 180 di y. iu 180: Cc cng vic im 179-3 c php tin hnh theo phiu cng tc trn cc ng dy 1 mch v 2 mch c b tr dy dn bt k nhng phi bo m quy nh sau y: 180-1 Khong cch nm ngang gia mp ngoi cng ca thn ct v dy dn l: 1,50 m i vi in p t 110 kV tr xung. 2,50 m i vi cp in p 220 kV. 4,50 m i vi cp in p 500 kV. 180-2 Cm tin hnh nhng cng vic khi c gi cp 4 tr ln, khi tri m u, c sng m, ma v m ti, ng thi phi ngng ngay cng vic khi c cc hin tng va nu. 180-3 Ngi lm vic khng c tip xc vi s cch in, ngi v dng c mang theo khng c ti gn dy dn nh hn khong cch sau y: 0,6 m i vi in p n 35 kV. 0,8 m i vi in p n 66 KV 1,0 m i vi in p n 110 kV. 2,0 m i vi in p n 220 kV. 3,5 m i vi in p n 500 kV. 180-4 Nhng ngi c c cng tc phi c o to c bit, qua thao din thc hnh thng tho trn ng dy ct in v ng dy ang mang in, sau st hch m bo yu cu v cp giy chng nhn cho php lm vic. Ngi ch huy trc tip n v cng tc phi c bc IV an ton tr ln, nhn vin n v cng tc phi c bc III an ton tr ln v ngi ch
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huy trc tip ch c gim st khng qu 3 ct lin nhau. Cc bin php an ton c th do n v cng tc thc hin. iu 181: G t chim trn ng dy ang vn hnh ngoi quy nh ghi iu 180 cn phi m bo cc quy nh: - Khi c gi c th lm bay rm r, c rc ca t chim vo dy dn th khng c g. - Khi g khng c rm r, c, cnh cy ri xung s v dy dn. Ch c tin hnh vo ban ngy khi tri nng, kh ro. iu 182: Khi sn x v phn trn ca ct, ngoi nhng quy nh ghi im 180-3, cn phi chp hnh cc quy nh sau: - Ngi ch huy trc tip n v cng tc phi c mt trong sut thi gian gim st an ton. - Khi pha trn c dy dn, dy chng st phi ht sc ch m bo khong cch an ton quy nh, ngi lm vic phi ch mi pha khi vi phm khomg cch an ton vi phn mang in. - Cm ng thng di chuyn ngi dc theo x. - Khi sn, trnh sn ri ln dy dn v s. - Chi sn phi lm bng cn g khng di qu 10 cm v phi do ngi c hun luyn sn nh im 180-4. II-2. Cng tc trong vng nh hng ca ng dy cao p ang vn hnh iu 183: Cng tc gn ng dy ang vn hnh c chia lm ba loi: 183-1 Lm vic trn on ng dy c ct in giao cho vi ng dy cao p khc ang vn hnh. 183-2 lm vic trn ng dy c ct in nm trong vng nh hng ca cc ng dy khc ang vn hnh vi khong cch: - Nh hn 100 m khi in p trn 35 kV n 110 kV; - Nh hn 150 m khi in p 220 kV; - Nh hn 200 m vi in p 330 kV n 500 kV. 183-3 Lm vic trn ng dy c ct in nhng i chung ct vi ng dy ang vn hnh. iu 184: Khi lm vic trn ng dy c ct in nhng nm trong vng nh hng ca ang mang in th phi tun theo nhng quy nh sau: 184-1 Khi ngi lm vic c th trnh c va chm, n gn b phn mang in ca ng dy ang c in vi khong cch
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nguy him hoc p dng cc bin php an ton phng trnh khc th khng phi ct in ng dy gn hoc giao cho vi ng dy c sa cha. 184-2 i vi cng vic khi thc hin c kh nng lm ri hoc lm chng dy dn (v d: tho hoc ni dy u chui s) trong khong ct giao cho vi ng dy ang vn hnh in p t 1000 V tr ln th ch cho php khng ct in cc ng dy pha trn ng dy c sa cha. 184-3 Nu c tho hay lp dy dn th phi phng kh nng dy bt ln trn ng c in bng cch dng dy thng chong qua dy dn c hai u v gh xung t. Dy dn v dy chng st sp a ln ct cn c tip t, ch : nu l ng dy giao cho th phi tip t hai pha. 184-4 Cho php tin hnh cng vic trn dy dn (dy chng st) ca ng dy ct in nm trong vng nh hng ca ng dy ang vn hnh nu n v cng tc s dng trang b v dng c cch in chu c in p ln nht c th xut hin trn dy dn ca ng dy ang cng tc. Trong trng hp ny khng phi ni t ng dy ct in v c coi vn cn in. 184-5 Khi thi cng nu c dng cp thp ko, quay ti ... th khong cch t dy cp thp n dy dn in phi l: 2,50 m i vi in p 35 kV. 3 m i vi in p 110 kV. 4 m i vi in p 220 kV. 184-6 Trc khi tin hnh cng vic, n v cng tc phi lp phng n k thut v bin php an ton c th. iu 185: Khi lm vic trn ng dy ct in, nhng i chung ct vi ng dy ang vn hnh phi tun theo nhng quy nh sau y: 185-1 Khong cch gia cc dy dn gn nht ca hai mch khng nh hn: 3 m i vi ng dy 35 kV tr xung. 3,5 m i vi ng dy 66 kV. 4 m i vi ng dy 110 kV. 6 m i vi ng dy 220 kV. 185-2 Phi t tip t cho ng dy s lm vic trn , c 500 m t mt b tip t (nhng ti thiu phi l hai b chn hai u khong lm vic). 185-3 Cm lm vic khi c gi cp 4 tr ln, sng m dy v ban m. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi kim tra ng tuyn dy c ct in, phi c y cc loi bin bo an ton cn thit treo cc ct c hai ng dy i chung.
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185-4 Cm ra dy trn ct, cm cun dy thnh cun trn ct, cm dng thc o bng kim loi, ng thi phi thc hin y nhng bin php an ton khi tro cao trong quy trnh ny. III- Nhng bin php an ton khi cng tc trn cc ng dy h p ang c in iu 186: Lm vic trn ng dy h p ang c in phi c phiu cng tc. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton bc IV tr ln. Ring vic thay ch ct ch cn c phiu sa cha ch, lnh cng tc hng ngy ca n v qun l cp. iu 187: Trn ct c nhiu ng dy in p khc nhau, phi c bin ch r in p tng ng dy. Khi tin hnh cng vic, ngi cho php v ngi ch huy trc tip cn xc nh r ng dy s tin hnh cng vic thuc trm bin p no lm y cc bin php an ton cn thit trc khi cho php vo lm vic. iu 188: Lm vic trn ng dy h p i trn cng mt ct vi ng dy cao p n 22 kV phi tin hnh trong cc iu kin sau: 188-1 Nu thay ty s, cng li dy, h dy, nng dy trn nhng nhnh h p i vo cc nh th khng cn phi ct in c ng dy h p m ch cn tho u dy u vo ng dy chnh. Cng vic ny phi c 2 ngi tr ln v phi c phiu cng tc. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c bc III an ton tr ln. Phi ct cu dao cui nhnh r i vo cc nh. Phi thc hin cc quy nh an ton khi lm vic trn cao. 188-2 Nu cng li dy, thay dy trn ng dy chnh dc theo tuyn th phi ct in c 2 ng dy, cng vic c tin hnh theo phiu cng tc. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton t nht bc III. 188-3 ng dy cao p i trn tuy c ct in nhng cng phi t dy tip t nhng v tr cn thit m bo an ton. 188-4 Nu trn ct c ng dy thng tin i chung th khi tro ln phi dng bt th in xem ng dy thng tin c b chm cp lc hay khng. Kim tra xem ng dy thng tin c b h, trc v hay khng. Khi lm vic phi ng cao hn ng dy thng tin v khi chm ngi vo ct th khng c chm vo dy thng tin. iu 189: Khi tro ln ct kim tra dy lo n chiu sng, c php in nhng phi c nhng bin php an ton nh sau :

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189-1 Ngi tro phi mc qun o kh, i m, i giy, ci cc tay o, khng c mang theo dng c nh km, m lt ... Khi tro phi ht sc thn trng trnh va chm vo dy in. 189-2 Nu thay dy lo phi c vi bt kh hoc ni lng che ln ng dy c in v dng dy thng mi vo dy cp lo ko, ngi cng tc phi c trnh bc III an ton tr ln. iu 190: Khi lm vic trn ng dy h p c in hoc tip xc vi phn in h p trong trm phi: - Dng nhng dng c cch in c tay cm tt. - i giy cao su cch in hoc ng trn thm cch in. - Khi lm vic phi mc o di tay, ci cc c tay o, i m an ton. - Nu ngi lm vic cch phn c in di 30 cm th phi lm ro chn bng ba cch in mi-ca, ni-lng hoc ba-k-lt, iu 191: Vic thay ch ct phi c hai ngi v ch c tin hnh lc tri kh ro, khng c ging, gi to, sm st. Ma nh ht c th cho php tro ln thay ch ct nhng phi c y dng c an ton nh: km cch in, gng cch in, tm ni lng che khi chm vo dy in. Qun o ngi cng nhn phi kh ro, ct c bc ng chc chn. Chng bn lm vic my pht in v my b ng b iu 192: Ngi lm vic phi mc gn gng, n gii phi i m, tc cun gn, kim tra nh sng ni lm vic v cc thit b ph theo ng quy trnh xong mi c khi ng cho my chy. iu 193: Vic kim tra theo di my ang vn hnh do nhng nhn vin chuyn nghip m nhim, ngi tp s khng c t lm bt c cng vic g khi khng c s gim st ca nhn vin vn hnh. iu 194: Xung quanh my pht hoc my b khng c qun, o v bt c mt vt liu no c th cun vo my. iu 195: Kim tra chi than khi my ang chy phi mang gng cch in v ci cht vo c tay, cm dng tay tip xc ng thi vi hai cc tnh khc nhau ca my. iu 196: Khi my ang quay, mc d khng c dng in kch thch nhng vn c xem nh ang c in. Cm lm vic trn mch sta-to ca my pht hoc cc cun dy cao p ca my b. iu 197: Khi my pht hay my b cn c sa cha, phi tho d th mi th tc nh phiu thao tc, phiu cng tc, cc bc
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tin hnh ct in v treo bin cm v.v... u phi lm theo quy nh trong quy trnh . iu 198: Nu my pht v my b c im trung ho ni lin vi im trung ho ca my pht hoc my b khc th khi sa cha trn mch sta-to nht thit phi tch im trung ho ra khi h thng ri mi c sa cha, khi lm vic phi mang gng cch in cao p. Chng nm lm vic nhng ng c in cao p iu 199: Khi tip xc vi thit b khi ng ca ng c iu khin bng tay, phi eo gng tay cch in. ng hay ct ng c phi do nhng nhn vin chuyn nghip m nhim. iu 200: Khng cho php lm bt c mt cng vic g trong mch ca ng c ang quay, tr cng vic th nghim thc hin theo chng trnh c bit c phng k thut c s xt duyt. iu 201: Khi u cp ca ng c in c tho ri ra th cc cng tc tin hnh trn ng c khng cn phiu cng tc, nhng phi theo phng n c phng k thut c s xt duyt. iu 202: Tin hnh sa cha ti ch cc ng c in thc hin cc bin php sau: - Ct in v dng mi bin php trnh nhm ln. - Kho b phn truyn ng ca my ct v cu dao cch ly. - Treo bin Cm ng in! ti cu dao k trn. - Nu ng c c t chung im trung tnh th phi tch im trung tnh khi h thng chung ri mi c sa cha.

phn th ba NHNG BIN PHP AN TON KHI XY DNG ng cp in ngm, ng dy cao p TRN KHNG, MC DY in v trm bin p qui nh chung iu 203: Nhng bin php k thut an ton khi xy dng ng dy v trm bin p nu trong phn ny c qui nh cho
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cc n v cng tc tin hnh bng phng php th cng hoc cc phng tin c gii thng thng. Khi tin hnh cng vic theo cc cng ngh mi, n v thi cng phi bin son cc qui trnh ring theo cc qui nh ca nh ch to. Chng mt Bin php an ton khi xy dng ng cp in ngm t 6 kv n 35 kv I. Bin php an ton khi o ho t cp iu 204: Khi o ho c chiu su qu 0,75 m khng c o ng thnh m phi vt mt gc 300, nu gp t d st l th phi dng vn, g hoc tn mng v ng cc chng . iu 205: nhng ch t pht hin hoc nghi ng ng cp nm di, khi o ti 0,40 m khng c dng cuc m phi dng xng tip tc o. Khi thy ng cp phi thn trng trnh lm xy xt, nu cn thit phi treo ln bo v cp, khng c dng dy cp, hp ni, ng nc v.v... bn cnh treo m phi dng n g , n tre v thng treo cp. iu 206: Khi o su, trnh t, ri xung ngi di ho, phi t ra xa ming ho t 0,3 m tr ln, nu ng di ht ln phi ch trn c ngi, khng c ht lung tung qu xa ming ho. iu 207: Khi o ho cha xong hoc xong m ngh hoc chn cp th phi lm hng ro tm thi hoc dng ba-ri-e chn li c treo bin: Ch ! cng trng, nu ban m phi c n bo tn hiu. iu 208: Nhng ngi o di ho phi i giy, i m cng, nu o ch c hoc ng nha phi eo knh bo h. Ko cp, vn cp, phi eo gng tay vi bt (vn ng chiu quay ghi trn cun cp; li mc khng c vn). ii. bin php an ton khi vn chuyn cp n v tr cng tc iu 209: Khi a cun cp ln t, hoc a t t xung t bng tay phi ht sc thn trng, khng c ng trn ng ln ca cun cp m phi ng hai bn, phi c dy thng tt vng qua cun cp hm khi a ln hoc a xung xe. Phi dng vn dy hoc g vung lm cu vi nghing khng qu t 100 n 150, b mt ca cu khng c b hn (30x300) mm. Khi a ln, a xung cun cp ln t t, thng
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bng, ang lm vic nu cn dng li tm thi th phi c chn v phi c ngi gi cho cp khi ln. iu 210: Nu dng xe cn cu cu c cun cp ln t th phi dng mt ci trc trn bng st xuyn qua ru-l cp, ri dng dy cp thp tt u lun vo trc cu. Tuyt i khng c ng v i li pha di cn cu. iu 211: Trc khi ln cun cp trn ng phi xem xt v sa li nhng ch g gh, li lm trc ru-l khi ln cp khi b , cm i li trn ng ln cp, phi nh ht cc inh nh ra trn mt cun cp, khi vn chuyn phi eo gng tay an ton.

III. bin php an ton khi ri cp, t cp trong nh, ngoi tri, di nc iu 212: Trc khi ri cp phi k m t cun cp cao hn mt t, nn t phi phng, nu t b ln th phi k vn vo chn m phng trng hp ang quay b m, phi quay t t, va quay va ch c hin tng g tr ngi khng, thy vng phi dng li kim tra ngay. iu 213: Khi ri cp bng tay phi b tr nhn lc san cho u, sao cho mi ngi khng chu nng qu 25 kg i vi nam gii v khng qu 15 kg i vi n gii. Tuyt i khng c s dng nhng ngi di 16 tui ri cp. iu 214: Ngi ch huy trc tip vic ri cp phi ph bin tn hiu bng c hoc bng ci cho tt c nhng ngi tham gia cng tc, c bin php phng con ln cht vo tay. Khi ra lnh ko hoc ngng phi r rng, dt khot, phi lun lun bao qut mi v tr, nht l nhng ch phi lun qua ng ngm, ng dn nc, qua ng ... iu 215: Khi t cp trn cao cm dng tay nng cp ln cao qu 2 m m phi dng rng rc ko ln, ngi lm vic phi eo gng tay an ton bng vi th. iu 216: Khi t cp trong nh c cht n, cht d chy hay trong hm, phi dng n di ng c in p 36 V hoc 12 V. Nu t cp trong hm th phi c hai ca thng hai u. Trc khi lm phi th xem c kh c hay khng. iu 217: Khi ri cp di nc su, cng nhn phi bit bi, phi c trang b phao y v cc phng tin cp cu khc nh thuyn, ca-n ... iu 218: Nu ri cp qua sng phi b tr cnh gii hai u khc sng bo tn hiu v hng dn cho tu b qua li khu vc ri cp. X lan hoc ph ri cp phi c c hoc n tn hiu bo hiu cho cc thuyn b khc bit. Khi thuyn b qua li thuc
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na sng bn no th phi c tn hiu bo tnh hnh na sng bn . Mu sc ca tn hiu phi ph hp vi quy nh ca c quan qun l ng thu. iu 219: Ph hoc x lan dng ri cp phi c trang b thuyn con, thuyn con phi c v tr thun tin cho cng nhn ln xung v d tch khi x lan hoc ph. iu 220: Khi th cp xung nc cng nhn ch c php ng mt pha ca cp. Phi th t t khi x ng mnh lm p thuyn, lt phao hoc chng chnh ph. Khng c dng tay vn cp trn thnh ph trnh b kp tay m phi dng n tre, n g bn cp. iu 221: Ti dng ko cp qua sng phi c trng ti thch hp vi trng lng dy cp, phi o h th chn dy gi chn ti. Khi quay ti thy lc ko nng qu phi ngng tay kim tra ngay xem vng mc ch no v x l xong mi c tip tc quay. IV- Bin php an ton khi hn ni cp v nu nha, nu thic iu 222: Khi lm hp ni di t hay hp cp trn cao, bt k u cng phi lm gin gio bng phng, chc chn. Gin gio trn cao phi c lan can cao 1 m, tro ln gin cao phi dng thang. iu 223: Khi chuyn nha un nng hay thic hn nu chy ln gin gio, phi trong thng y kn v dng dy cp hoc dy thng mc buc ko ln, khng c b bng tay, trnh vo ngi. iu 224: Cng nhn lm vic hn ni cp trn cao phi c sc kho, ngi no chng mt, yu tim khng c lm vic ny. iu 225: Cng nhn nu nha v thic cn c trang b y gng tay, khu trang, knh bo h v ng cao su .v.v... a im nu nha phi rng, thong, xa ni bt la, d chy, khng c dng que bng g khuy nha. iu 226: Cng nhn nu nha, pha ch cc loi du vo nha phi bit tnh cht tng loi nha, bit cch un nha, c cn b k thut hng dn phng php nu nha v cc bin php an ton cn thit. iu 227: Cm un nha trong cc thng ng nha cha m np. Khi un nha phi c bin php chng bi bn khng lm nh hng n cht lng ca nha. iu 228: Khi un thic hn phi ly que bng kim loi khuy thic, khng c dng que bng g.
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iu 229: Mun pha du vo nha nng, phi mc nha ra thng khc hoc nhc hn thng nha ra khi la ri mi du vo. Phi dng nhit k o nhit ca du, khng c phng on, c chng. iu 230: Khi chuyn ch nha, phi nha cch ming thng t nht 10 cm, sau y np tht kn trnh bi. Khi a nha ln cao hoc xung thp phi thn trng, trnh lm ra ngoi. V- Bin php an ton khi s dng n hn iu 231: Khi s dng n hn nhng ni nh trong nh phn phi in v ngoi tri, trong trm bin p, phi m bo ngn la ca n hn cch xa nhng b phn mang in ti 110 kV t nht 1,50 m. iu 232: Cm t n hn di thit b in, dy dn v gn nhng thit b c du hoc c kh d bt la. Khi s dng n hn phi tuyt i tun theo cc quy tc sau y: 1- Xng vo n khng c qu 3/4 th tch ca bnh cha. 2- Ch cho php h p lc bnh cha ca n hn qua nt du khi tt n v vi phun ca n ngui. 3- Khng c hoc tho xng khi n hay m np y gn la. Cm t n bng cch xng qua vi phun, cm tho vi phun khi cha h p lc ca n hn. 4- Khi n hn b hng th phi thay th hoc a i sa cha ngay. Cm bm khi c hin tng tc. Chng hai bin php an ton khi xy dng ng dy dn in gn ng dy cao p ang c in I- nhng quy nh chung iu 233: Khi thi cng cc ng dy dn in trong cc iu kin nu di y n v thi cng v n v qun l vn hnh phi thc hin cc bin php an ton trong chng ny: 233-1 Vic xy dng ct in gn ng dy vn hnh c in p t 22 kV n 500 kV ang c in, khi khong cch t v tr lm vic n ng dy in ang vn hnh gn nht nh hn hoc bng 1,5 chiu cao ca ct c dng. 233-2 Khi xy dng cc on ng dy giao cho vi cc ng dy ang vn hnh.

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233-3 Khi lp t dy dn v dy chng st trn ng dy ang vn hnh v trong vng nh hng ca cc ng dy ang vn hnh t 22 kV n 500 kV cc khong cch nh hn: 100 m i vi ng dy ang vn hnh in p n 110 kV. 150 m i vi ng dy ang vn hnh in p n 220 kV. 200 m i vi ng dy ang vn hnh in p n 500 kV. iu 234: Nhn vin n v cng tc ngoi cc quy nh lm ngh xy lp phi c hun luyn quy trnh k thut an ton in v c bc an ton ph hp vi cng vic c giao. iu 235: Khi tin hnh nhng cng vic nu sau y n v xy lp phi thc hin theo phiu cng tc: 1- Lp t dy dn, dy chng st trn tuyn ng dy ang vn hnh, ng dy nm trong vng nh hng ca cc ng dy ang vn hnh nu im 233-3. 2- Lp t dy dn v dy chng st ch giao cho vi ng dy ang vn hnh. 3- Dng ct. 4- Cng vic dng my mc c chiu cao ln hn 4,5 m. 5- Dn sch tuyn m khi cht cy c nguy c vo ng dy mang in gy s c v tai nn. Khi lp t dy dn, dy chng st trn tuyn ng dy ang c in hoc ch giao cho vi chng, phi lm cc th tc ng k, phi c php ca c quan qun l vn hnh ng dy v c quan qun l ng dy phi c ngi gim st n v thi cng m bo an ton cho nhn vin n v cng tc. iu 236: Mi cng vic nh: cht cy pht tuyn, o t bng tay, b tng, lp rp ct bng tay khng c nguy c chm vo dy dn th c thc hin theo lnh cng tc. II. bin php an ton khi thi cng ct in gn ng dy cao p ang mang in II-1. ng cc iu 237: Cng vic ng cc bng my phi thc hin theo phiu cng tc, ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton bc III tr ln. Khi lm vic v di chuyn cc chi tit ca my ng cc khng c n gn dy dn vi khong cch nh hn 6 m. Cn lu : nhng a hnh khng bng phng, u cn ca my c th b nghing v pha dy dn gy phng in.

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iu 238: Khi cho my ng cc i di ng dy, cn nng phi h xung v t v tr nm ngang. Ch c i di ng dy nhng ni c quy nh cho php. II-2. o h mng iu 239: o h mng bng phng php c gii phi c phiu cng tc, ngi ch huy cng tc phi c trnh an ton t nht bc III. Cc bin php an ton v in cng c quy nh nh vi my ng cc. iu 240: o h mng bng th cng c tin hnh theo lnh cng tc. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton t nht bc II. II-3. Thi cng mng ct iu 241: Thi cng mng ct c thc hin theo lnh cng tc. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton t nht bc II. II-4. Lp rp ct iu 242: Lp rp ct bng cn trc phi tin hnh theo phiu cng tc. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton t nht bc III. Khi lp bng th cng th c th c tin hnh theo lnh cng tc v ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton t nht bc II. Trong qu trnh lm vic phi ch khng dng c, dy chng ti gn dy dn. Khng c buc dy chng vo ct in v cm tro ln ct ca ng dy ang c in. II-5. Dng ct iu 243: Dng ct gn ng dy ang c in phi c tin hnh theo phiu cng tc. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton t nht bc IV. iu 244: Cm t cc phng tin trc ko ngay pha di dy dn ca ng dy cao p ang c in. Khong cch t dy cp ko v cp hm n dy dn ca ng dy cao p n 220 kV khng nh hn 6 m. Cn i vi ng dy cp in p trn 220 kV n 500 kV khng nh hn 8 m v phi b tr sao cho khi dy cp b bt, t th khng th vng v pha ng dy. iu 245: Thng thng dng dy thng lm dy chng no pha ng dy c in. Ch khi bt buc nhm m bo an ton c hc lc nng ct mi c dng dy cp thp. Lc khong cch t dy chng n dy dn in khng c nh hn: 4 m i vi ng dy cp in p n 35 kV; 6 m i vi ng dy cp in p t 35 kV n 220 kV; 8 m i vi ng
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dy cp in p trn 220 kV n 500 kV. Khi dy chng c nguy c dch gn dy dn in vi khong cch nh hn quy nh trn (do dy b t, mng no b bt ...) th phi dng dy chng ngc ko li. iu 246: Khi nng ct phi ni t: - Thn ca ti nng ct, hm ct. - Cc dy chng kim loi v pha ng dy c in nu l ct ang dng bng g. - Ton b dy chng bng kim loi nu l ct ang dng bng st. II-6. Lp t dy dn ch giao cho vi ng dy cao p ang c in iu 247: Ch c php lp t dy dn ch giao cho vi ng dy cao p ang c in khi dy dn c lp i di cc dy dn ca ng dy ang vn hnh. iu 248: Cc cng vic u phi c tin hnh theo phiu cng tc v phi c ngi ca n v qun l vn hnh gim st. Cc cng vic phi c tin hnh theo ng quy trnh do gim c x nghip xy lp duyt. iu 249: Ngi ch huy trc tip n v cng tc phi c trnh an ton bc V. n v cng tc phi gm ton cng nhn ng dy chuyn nghip c bc III an ton tr ln. iu 250: Phi p dng mi bin php ngn nga kh nng chm phi dy dn ang c in hoc ti gn dy dn khong cch nguy him. iu 251: phng dy bt, vng vo dy dn ang mang in, phi cng 2 dy thng v hai pha ng dy c in. u dy thng phi buc cht vo vt neo chc chn di t. Chiu di ca cc dy thng ni trn phi m bo va khong cch t dy dn nh cng n mt t. Sau khi n c no cht vo ct. iu 252: Dy lo hai u khong dy dn giao cho ca ng dy thi cng phi c tho ra v ch c ni li theo lnh ca ngi lnh o cng vic chung sau khi kt thc mi cng vic lp t trn tuyn ng dy.

Chng ba
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Lp t dy dn v dy chng st trong vng nh hng ca ng dy cao p ang vn hnh in p 22 kV- 500 kv v l mch th hai ca ng dy dn in hai mch ang c in mt mch I. Quy nh chung iu 253: Cc cng vic lp t dy dn v dy chng st ng dy cao p ang c in v trong vng nh hng ca ng dy cao p 22 kV 500 kV c quy nh nh sau: 253-1 Lp t dy dn, dy chng st ng dy 2 mch khi mt mch ang c in. 253-2 Lp t dy dn, dy chng st ng dy hoc on ng dy i gn ng dy in p 22 kV 500 kV ang c in vi khong cch ng dy ang c lp t so vi ng dy ang mang in nh nu im 233-3. 253-3 Lp t dy chng st pha trn mch ct in ca ng dy 2 mch khi mch kia vn cn in. 253-4 Cm lp t dy chng st trn mt mch ang c in hoc trn mch ang mang in ca ng dy 2 mch. iu 254: Gim c cc n v xy lp cn phi c quy trnh thi cng ng dy dn in trong iu kin nu trn cho cn b, cng nhn hc tp v thc hin. iu 255: Cho php lp t dy dn, dy chng st ng dy 2 mch khi mch kia vn c in vi iu kin khong cch gia cc dy dn gn nht ca mch th nht v mch th hai khng nh hn: 3 m i vi ng dy in p 22 kV 35 kV. 3,5 m i vi ng dy in p 66 kV. 4 m i vi ng dy in p 110 kV. 6 m i vi ng dy in p 220 kV. iu 256: Ngi ch huy trc tip n v cng tc phi c trnh an ton t nht bc IV v thm nin cng tc xy lp ng dy in lc t nht 2 nm. iu 257: Cc cng vic cc ct gn ng dy dn in c tro ln ct phi do cng nhn ng dy chuyn nghip c trnh an ton t nht bc III thc hin, cn khi lm vic trn ng dy ang mang in th phi c trnh an ton t nht bc IV. iu 258: Cng nhn bc III an ton c lm cc cng vic di t hoc c tro ln ct ng dy ang mang in nhng phi cch dy dn di cng ng dy ang mang in theo quy nh v khong cch an ton i vi tng cp in p.
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iu 259: Ngi c trnh an ton bc I, II ch c lm cc cng vic di t nhng khng c tip xc vi dy dn hoc dy chng st ang lp t. iu 260: Cm lp t dy dn, dy chng st ng dy nu trong iu 253 khi c sng m, ma, gi to. iu 261: Khi lm vic ng dy cao p ang c in: 1. Cm dng thc thp v thc cun bng dy thp o. 2. Khng c bung thng t do cc u dy thng. 3. Dy thng phi lm bng si (bng, ay, d) c chiu di cn thit v khng c ch b yu. H s an ton ca dy thng khng nh hn 4. 4. Ch c dng dy cp thp khi buc dy ny vo ct n mc cn cch dy dn di cng t nht 1 m. H s an ton ca dy cp thp khng nh hn 5. Khi lm vic c dng dy cp thp th ti phi c ni t. Dy cp thp phi c kp cp, vng khuyn u. 5. Ko ln ct hoc th xung t cc chi tit nh v dng c lm vic phi dng dy thng v tn. Cc chi tit v dng c chuyn ln ct bng dy thng v tn ch c tho ra khi dy ny sau khi chng c t vo v tr v bt cht vo ct. Dng c, ngh phi ng trong ti chuyn dng. 6. Dy an ton phi bng da hoc si v c kho iu chnh chiu di. Nhng cng vic phi di chuyn nhiu trn ct v x phi c dy an ton ph. 7. Cm tro ln pha x nh ra c mc dy dn ang c in. 8. Khi lm vic, cng nhn khng c n gn hoc a dng c n gn dy dn ang c in vi khong cch nh hn: 0,6 m i vi ng dy in p n 35 kV. 0,8 m i vi ng dy in p 66 kV. 1,0 m i vi ng dy in p 110 kV. 2,0 m i vi ng dy in p 220 kV. 3,50 m i vi ng dy in p 500 kV. Khi lm vic thn ct, trnh n gn dy dn, ngi lm vic phi ng thp hn hoc cao hn mc dy dn. 9. Cng nhn lm vic trn ct phi mc qun o gn gng, khng g b c ng v phi mc o di tay ci khuy. 10. Trong phiu cng tc phi ghi r tn v s hiu mch ng dy trn s tin hnh cng vic. Mch ghi trong phiu cng tc vi ch phi hoc tri l theo quy c nhn dc ng dy t pha s th t ct tng dn. 11. Ti ni lm vic phi kim tra cn thn nhn ng mch ng dy c ghi trong phiu cng tc. Nu thy khng ph
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hp hoc nghi ng, ngi ch huy trc tip khng c cho n v vo lm vic trc khi kim tra khng cn in mch nh thi cng. 12. Trc khi bt u lm vic, ngi ch huy trc tip phi nhc nh mi ngi trong n v nh l mch bn kia vn cn in v cng vic phi tin hnh ht sc thn trng. 13. Pha mch ang mang in, phi cm c chn cc ct s tin hnh lm vic cho n khi kt thc. iu 262: lp t dy dn v dy chng st ca ng dy, c th chia cc n v cng tc theo tng loi cng vic tu theo s sp t ca x nghip xy lp. mi on lp t c th c mt hoc mt s n v cng tc. Trong mi trng hp, x nghip xy lp u phi c ngi lnh o cng vic chung l k s in c trnh an ton bc V chu trch nhim gim st cc n v cng tc chp hnh quy trnh k thut an ton v cc yu cu v an ton. iu 263: Cho php nhiu n v cng tc cng lm vic mt on lp t, gii hn bi cc ct no, khi cc dy lo ct no phi c m v ch c ni li theo lnh ca ngi lnh o cng vic chung sau khi cc n v cng tc kt thc mi cng vic trong on ng dy cng nh cc on ng dy ln cn. iu 264: Ngi lnh o cng vic chung trn mi on ng dy trong thi gian lp t phi c mt ti ni lm vic phi hp cc cng vic ca cc n v thuc quyn ph trch ca mnh. iu 265: Ngi ch huy trc tip ca n v cng tc khng c ri khi ni lm vic, phi lin tc gim st ngi ca n v mnh chp hnh ng quy trnh lp t v quy trnh k thut an ton. Ngi ch huy trc tip khng c lm thm bt c vic g khc ngoi cng vic ca mnh. iu 266: Dy dn v dy chng st ch c lp t trn chiu di mt khong no. Cc dy lo ca dy dn v dy chng st ct no phi tho ra v ch c ni li sau khi kt thc cng vic lp t cc on no ln cn theo lnh ca ngi ch huy trc tip. iu 267: Bin php ch yu chng in cm ng l ni t chc chn hai u on lm vic ca dy dn v dy chng st ch ngi lm vic tip xc vi dy. Khi t v tho ni t phi dng so cch in. Dy ni t phi u vo cc ni t chung. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi theo di, qun l cn thn cc dy ni t . II. Lp t dy dn ng dy 2 mch
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khi mt mch ang mang in iu 268: Dy dn phi c ri theo mt t sao cho m bo a dy ln ct trung gian to vng ln hp v m bo gi nguyn kch thc vng ln trong sut thi gian ri dy. Chiu rng ca vng ln ny theo mt bng chn ct (gn st mt t) khng c vt qu 50 m (xem hnh trang 76). Trng hp khng m bo chiu rng nu trn, cho php la chn chiu rng theo cng thc:
L= 30 MWI X 10 9

Trong : L - chiu rng ln nht cho php ca vng ln tnh bng m. W - Tn s gc ly bng 3,14. I - Dng in ngn mch mt pha tnh bng A. M - H s h cm, tnh bng micro henri/ km. (xem ph bn xc nh h s h cm M trang 78). Yu cu ny khng p dng cho ng dy dn in trong iu kin c dng in chm t nh hn 500 A. iu 269: Phi ni dy dn trc khi a dy to vng ln trn ct. iu 270: Phi a vng ln ln ct trung gian cng vi chui s cch in c mc rng rc th dy. Chui s ny phi c t nht 2 bt. iu 271: Khi tip xc vi dy dn ca vng ln ct trung gian c chiu rng ln hn tr s iu 268 ngi lm vic phi dng trang b cch in. iu 272: Thng thng vic ko dy dn trong khi ly vng c tin hnh v pha khong no cha lp dy. Nu khng th thc hin c nh vy th phi c bin php c bit phng dy dn ang ko hoc dy cp ko chm vo dy dn lp t. iu 273: Trong qu trnh ly vng, dy dn cn lp ch phi ni t ti ct no ang tin hnh ko dy. ct kim loi, dy dn c coi nh c ni t qua rng rc ko dy bng kim loi c treo vo thn ct, cn ct khng kim loi th rng rc phi c u vi dy ni t ring. Khi ly vng phi c bin php phng v chm dy dn ang c ko khi mt t vi vt ni t. iu 274: Trong qu trnh ly vng, cm tip xc vi dy dn. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi c bin php phng cng nhn v ngi ngoi chm phi dy dn.
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Khi nh du dy dn phi dng gng tay cch in hoc dng chi sn cn g. iu 275: Dy dn th xung t bt kho ko dy phi c ni t ngay ti ch bt kho. Dy ni t phi c 2 nhnh u vi cc ni t chung v vi dy dn c 2 bn ch bt kho. Khi u dy ni t phi dng so cch in. Khi bt kho ko dy phi ng trn tm cch in nh vn, g kh. Dy dn phi cch ly vi kho ko dy qua chui s cch in c t nht 2 bt. iu 276: Dy dn phi c tht nt u v bt cht vo chui s cch in c kho no. iu 277: Ch sau khi no dy vo ct no mi cho php tin hnh cc cng vic dy dn nh chuyn dy, sa dy, t chng rung ... Phi t hai dy ni t v hai pha ni lm vic v u vi cc ni t chung. Khi t v tho ni t vi dy dn phi dng so cch in. Ch sau khi ni t dy dn mi c tin hnh cng vic mt hoc nhiu ni ca mt on no trn dy dn, vi iu kin l dy dn c ni t ti ni lm vic. iu 278: Vic chuyn dy dn t rng rc sang kho v vic ni u dy dn dy lo ct no hoc ct o pha c th tin hnh trn xe nng, xe thang hoc khi th dy xung t. Nu th dy th vn phi ni t dy dn theo iu 277. iu 279: Khi c b tr nhiu tng dy dn th phi tin hnh lp t dy t trn cng xung. i 280: Trc khi ni cc u dy dn cc dy lo ca ct o pha, phi ni t c 3 dy dn v hai pha ct bng 6 dy ni t (mi u dy dn phi u mt u dy ni t). C 6 dy ni t ny u phi u vo mt cc ni t chung. Ch c ni cc u dy lo ct no v ch o pha sau khi kt thc mi cng vic lp t v bn giao xong cc khong ct k bn cnh. iu 281: Nu xt thy dy dn cn lp c th ti gn dy dn ang c in khong cch nguy him th vic nng hoc th dy dn ca mch ang thi cng c tin hnh bng cch dng dy thng ni dy dn gi cho dy dn c nng ln hoc th xung trong mt phng thng ng. III. Lp t dy dn ng dy nm trong vng nh hng ca ng dy cao p ang vn hnh iu 282: Khi ri dy dn phi tun theo iu 268. Nu vic ri dy dn pha gia theo phng php gp nhiu kh khn
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do kt cu ct th c th ri dy khng cn gii hn chiu rng vng ln khi c gim c x nghip xy lp cho php. iu ny x nghip xy lp phi a vo quy trnh xy lp ca mnh. Lc cm tip xc vi dy dn pha gia khi ri dy v a dy ln ct nu khng c trang b cch in. Khi phi: 282-1 Nhc nh cng nhn khng c tip xc vi dy dn khi khng cn thit. 282-2 ni ng dn c phi c ngi canh gc ngn khng cho ngi tip xc vi dy dn. 282-3 Phi ng trn tm cch in nh: vn, g kh ni dy dn pha gia ri v a ln ct, lc cng nhn lm nhim v phi eo gng tay v i giy cao su ng trn tm cch in. Mi dng c ngh cng nh cc u dy dn phi t trn tm cch in. Nu cn hn cc u dy dn th trc khi hn phi ni tt (ni song song) hai u dy tht chc chn bng mt on dy dn. Vic ni tt ny phi do cng nhn lp t c trnh an ton bc III tr ln thc hin v phi mang gng tay cch in. Trng hp dy dn ri trc tip trn mt t cha a ln ct th vic ni tt khng cn thm bin php an ton no khc. iu 283: Tt c cc thao tc khc v lp t dy dn u phi tin hnh theo cc iu t 268 n 282. IV. lp t dy chng st ng dy ang c in iu 284: Ch cho php lp t dy chng st mch khng c in ti ct 2 mch c 2 dy chng st v theo cc quy nh sau y: 284-1 Phi ko dy chng st v pha khong ct cha lp dy chng st. 284-2 Khi ri v lp dy chng st phi tin hnh theo trnh t nu iu 268 n 281. 284-3 Khi ri v lp dy chng st phi dng rng rc ri dy, rng rc ny phi cch in vi thn ct. Vic bt kho no vo dy chng st th xung t sau khi ly vng phi tin hnh theo quy trnh nu iu 266. 284-4 Trc khi chuyn t rng rc ri dy vo kho, dy chng st phi c ni tt vi thn ct kim loi. Dy ni tt t hai pha kho phi c u vi thn ct kim loi hoc vi dy ni t bng cc kp bt bu lng, loi kp ny phi c tay vn bng vt liu cch in. iu 285: Cho php cng mt lc chuyn dy chng st nhiu ct trong mt khong no.
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iu 286: Dy chng st phi no vo ct no qua vt cch in. Vt cch in ny c gi li dng trong vn hnh sau ny. Trc khi u u dy chng st vo thn ct no, phi dng dy thng no dy chng st theo trnh t nu trong im 284-4. iu 287: Khi ko dy chng st nu iu 284 phi dng dy thng no dy chng st gi dy chng st khng th ti gn cc dy dn ang c in khong cch nguy him. V. lp t dy chng st ng dy nm trong vng nh hng ca cc ng dy cao p ang vn hnh iu 288: Cho php lp t dy chng st cc ng dy nm trong vng nh hng ca cc ng dy cao p ang c in, khng k s lng dy chng st l bao nhiu. iu 289: Khi lp t dy chng st, phi tun theo cc quy nh nu trong cc iu t 284 n 287.

Ph bn
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Xc nh h s h cm M H s h cm M gia cc dy dn c xc nh theo ng cong (theo hnh v). 6C cng thc:

M = F(10 x a.f )

Trn th, trc s M.

10 6 x a.f honh l

tr s

v trc tung l tr

M- h s h cm, micr henri/Km. a- khong cch gia cc dy dn-m. f- tn s li in-50Hz. - in dn ca t theo h-CGS . 6 xc nh M phi .f a tnh tr s tm tr s M. V d: Xc nh h s M gia cc dy dn khi khong cch gia chng a = 30 m; = 5 x 10-14; f = 50 Hz.
10 48
6

10

v a vo trc

honh bn trn, chiu xung ng cong, ko sang trc tung

x 30 5.10-14.50 =

T im 48 trc honh pha trn, chiu xung ng cong v ko sang trc tung th c: M = 770 H/Km.
Chui vt cch in Rng rc th dy Rng rc ging

Khng qu 50 m

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Chng bn Bin php an ton khi xy dng ng dy in cao, h p trn khng I. Bin php an ton khi vn chuyn dng c, nguyn vt liu, thit b iu 290: Khi vn chuyn dng c, nguyn vt liu hay thit b nng nn dng cc phng tin hin i gim bt sc lao ng ca con ngi. Trng hp khng c cc phng tin mi dng cc xe vn ti th s nh: xe b, xe ba bnh ... Ch dng sc ngi thc hin khi a hnh khng thun li cho vic dng cc phng tin trn. iu 291: Khi s dng nhng phng tin vn chuyn phi kim tra trng ti, cc kt cu ca phng tin c chc chn, y hay khng ri mi dng. Nu pht hin thy cha m bo th phi sa cha li ngay, tuyt i khng c dng gng p. Dy buc cc vt phi l dy tt v do nhng ngi bit cch buc lm. Dng cn trc, pa-lng nng vt ln cao th khi nng ln khi mt t 15 cm phi dng li kim tra dy buc c chc hay khng ri mi t t nng vt ln cao. iu 292: t dng vn chuyn thit b, nguyn vt liu phi bit r trng ti, khng c ch qu trng ti cho php, khi xe dng hn mi c xp d hng. Vt liu xp trn xe khng c th ra ngoi thnh xe, nu cng knh phi chn, buc chc chn. iu 293: Chuyn ch cc vt liu di hn thnh xe phi buc vo u cui ca vt liu c hoc mt tn hiu no . Khi xe chy qua ch ngot phi ch ngi qua li hai bn v ng. Ch nhng vt liu, thit b cao hn thnh xe phi ch khi i qua nhng ng dy in, thng tin, gm cu, cnh cy v ng c nhiu g gp ghnh, xe phi gim tc , i t t. Cm li xe t nhin dng xe li hoc t nhin cho xe chy nhanh (tr trng hp gp tr ngi bt thng) trnh cho ngi v vt liu khng b x mnh. iu 294: Khi dng xe vn ti ch ngi, vo ng cm, phi xin php ca c quan cnh st giao thng, trc khi cho xe chy phi kim tra cc kho, cht an ton ca thnh xe. Khi thnh xe thp di 1 m th nhng ngi trn xe phi ngi xung. iu 295: Cc xe th s do ngi ko, khi chuyn ch vt liu nng, cng knh phi buc bng dy chc chn. Qua cc ng cong v xung dc phi i chm li. Nhng ngi ko v y xe
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phi i giy vi hoc dp c quai hu, trnh bnh xe dn vo chn. Khi xe ch nng ln dc phi c g chn bnh xe. iu 296: n gnh, n khing, n trt, trc ln bng g hay bng tre phi chn th tt, chc chn. Khi dng n lt ct phi ch n bt tr li vo mt, khng c dng tre, g mc khing, gnh vt nng. Khi hai ngi khing vt nng phi cng mt bn vai. Khi qua nhng ch ng ngi, ni c chng ngi vt, nhng on ng trn phi i cn thn trnh trt ng. Dy thng, quang gnh, st phi chc chn ph hp vi trng lng, nu thy c hin tng h hng, mc nt phi kp thi i v sa cha ngay. iu 297: Khi li ko nhng vt nng, di nh ct, t, st v.v... ln cao hay xung thp phi ch kim tra dy thng tht chc chn, ngi ko phi c ch ng vng vng, nu dng ti ko phi ch trc quay, dy cp, kho hm trc khi quay ti. Lc ang ko vt nng ln cao hay a xung thp tuyt i khng c ai i li v ng di vt nng. Trnh vt ri xung gy tai nn. Cm a tay khing di mp ct hoc vt nng. iu 298: Khi di chuyn my bin p bng t hoc bng rmoc, phi buc dy chng no 4 gc cho chc chn. Khi i qua nhng on ng xu, nhiu g, phi cho xe chy chm (khong 15 km/gi) my bin p khi b xc mnh. Khi di chuyn ct b tng bng t hoc r-moc phi c g k v chn hai bn ct khi b gy hoc rn nt. II. Bin php an ton khi o mng chn ct iu 299: Khi o mng t phi dng cuc, mai, xng c chm cn chc chn. Phi kim tra cc dng c k lng trc khi s dng. iu 300: Tu theo cht t tng vng m quyt nh o vt nhiu hay t. Nu l t st hay t pha ct th dc 200, nu l t xp hay t ln ct, si th dc 300. Cm o theo kiu hm ch. iu 301: t o di h a ln phi cch ming h t nht l: 0.3 m v khng tr ngi n vic i li trn. y mng phi bng phng, ch cao, ch thp khng c qu: 10 cm, nu ch no su qu 10 cm th phi cho hoc ct xung m cht bo m cho y mng c bng phng. iu 302: Mng o su hn 1 m gp phi mch nc ngm th phi c bin php x l, c th l dng vn ng cc hoc dng g vung hay tre np. Sau mi tin hnh o trnh thnh mng b st.
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Chiu dy ca vn lm cc khng c nh hn 30 mm, g vung np khng c nh hn (100x100) mm. Nu l tre th phi dng tre thng v gi. ng cc phi t nhng yu cu sau y: - Cc ng xung phi tht thng ng. - Chiu su phi ng su hn y mng t (30 60) cm. Trng hp nc mch nhiu, lng nc chy vo mng cao th phi dng gu tt, my bm bm nc ra ngoi. iu 303: Khi o t nu gp ng dn nc, cng ngm, cp bu in hoc cp in lc, khng c cuc v m phi dng li bo co vi c quan c trch nhim gii quyt v nghim chnh chp hnh nhng iu kin cng tc m c quan qun l ch dn. H o, ni c ngi v xe qua li phi c ngi gim st hoc ro chn v ban m phi treo n ln ro chn. III- Bin php an ton khi c mng ct st, ct b tng iu 304: Khi c mng ct st phi lm khun c bng g (cp-pha). Quy cch, kch thc phi ph hp vi quy nh di y: 1- G vn lm cp-pha phi dy t (15 25) mm, ch tip gip gia bn mt phi tht kht. 2- Np ng cp-pha phi dng g vung (50x50) mm, khong cch ca np t (500 700) mm. 3- Mt cp-pha tip xc vi b tng phi bng phng. Nu cn thit phi bi cht nhn nh du, x phng hoc vi ti. 4- Mi cnh t nht phi dng hai thanh g chng cp-pha vo thnh t phng cp-pha b x dch. iu 305: Phi chun b y nhng dng c cn thit trn b tng nh: xng, co, bnh ti nc hoa sen, tn hoc vn lm bn trn v.v... nhng th ny phi c kim tra chu o xem c tt khng, g lm vn trn phi nh ht inh, nu l tn phi p thng mp, khng c cong hoc vnh mp ln phng vp ng. iu 306: Nhng ngi trn b tng phi i ng cao su, eo gng tay vi bt v eo khu trang trnh bi xi mng. Tuyt i khng c dng tay khng bc hoc dng chn gt b tng trn xung h. iu 307: Khi ti nc vo hn hp ct, si, xi mng phi dng bnh hoa sen ti t t, u khp, khng c dng thng gnh nc o xung lm bn tung to vo nhng ngi ng trn. iu 308: Khi xc b tng xung h cn phi ch xc gn. Trc khi phi nhn xem c ngi di h khng, khi xc phi
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tp trung t tng, khng c va lm va a nghch lung tung ra ngoi. Phi tng lp dy 20 cm ri ly gy bng g hoc bng tre thc cho u, sau ny b tng khng c ch hng hoc r. iu 309: Khi b tng t 50% cng yu cu th c th tho cp-pha, nhng khi tho phi ch khng c lm v b tng, khng c g mnh, p mnh. Phi tm cc khe h by nh nhng cho bt ra trnh h hi mng v g cp-pha. Vn g cp-pha tho ra ri phi nh ht inh v ct gn mt ni. iu 310: Nu mng c c sn th phi dng cn cu hoc b t t trn ming h, ri dng pa-lng cu mng ln, xong th t t xung h. Phi dng cp thp lm dy buc, dy buc phi ph hp vi trng lng ca vt v phi phn cng nhng ngi bit cch buc, phng khi ang cu b tut dy. iu 311: Khi th mng tuyt i khng s tay vo cnh mng, nht l lc gn xung y h. Mun iu chnh cho ng tm mng th phi dng x beng hoc n tre by. IV. Bin php an ton khi lp rp ct st v ct b tng iu 312: Khi lp rp ct phi chun b y nhng dng c, nguyn vt liu cn thit nh: xe cn cu (nu lp rp nhng ct st ln), ti, t, pa-lng, dy cp thp, dy thng, n tre, x beng, ba t, m lt, ca, ba, c ... v nhng tm g dy hoc m bng st k v.v..., nhng th ny phi tt v c trng ti thch hp vi trng lng ct. iu 313: Cn b ph trch lp rp phi n hin trng xem xt a im lp rp, phi san bng nhng ch mp m, phi kim tra nhng phng tin, dng c sn xut c an ton khng, ri mi cho cng nhn lm vic. iu 314: G hoc m k phi chc chn, ngay ngn, nu gp ch t cng th phi khot t xung m khi lt, tuyt i khng c dng nhng vt khng chc chn, d ln k, phng hoc ct x dch gy nguy him. iu 315: Khi chuyn nhng thanh st ln, nng phi ht sc ch trnh ri xung u ngi khc hoc b kp chn, tay. Khi hai ngi cng chuyn mt s vt liu th phi thng nht ng tc, trnh tnh trng ngi qung xung t ri, ngi cn trn vai. iu 316: Mun chuyn vt liu t trn cao xung hoc t ch ny qua ch khc khng c tung, nm m phi t nh nhng hoc buc vo dy ko ln, dng xung. iu 317: Cng nhn lm cng tc lp rp ct st hoc b tng ct st phi i m bo h lao ng v eo gng tay vi
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bt. Cm t tay vo l bu-lng phng b t tay v cnh sc ca l. iu 318: Nu lp rp nhng ct st cao tng on mt bng cn cu th phi chn trng ti ca cn cu ph hp vi trng lng ca on phi nng ln. Phi c tn hiu r rng, dt khot v thng nht trc, tuyt i khng c ng hoc i li di vt ang nng. V. bin php an ton khi dng ct st, ct b tng v lp x, s iu 319: Tt c nhng thit b dng trong vic dng ct nh: ti, t, pa-lng, pu-ly, mp, kch, dy thp, mc kho cn c kim tra k cng v kh nng chu lc (trng ti) v cht lng v s lng trc khi s dng. Nhng thit b c, s dng lu nm th phi kim tra, nh gi li trng ti v ghi trng ti c php s dng ln thit b. iu 320: C mt s dng c cn phi kim tra k, t m nh cc mc, kho ca pu-ly (rng rc) c b nt khng, trc quay c trn khng, dy cp thp hay dy thng c b sn hay t si khng, cp thp thng xuyn c bi trn, kim tra mi buc vo h th, vo cc hm, vo ct, x v.v..., xem c ng kiu v chc chn cha. Nu dng ghp st kho dy th phi xit li cc bu-lng ghp ln cui cng. iu 321: Trc khi dng ct phi nghin cu a hnh, a vt. C th l mt t t ct c bng phng khng, ch o h th ... nu gp ao h th phi tm v tr khc nhng phi thun tin cho vic dng sau ny khi nguy him, bt h th, nu gp t d l phi c bin php chng tt. iu 322: Cm dy ti, dy chng hai bn ct qua ng ci ln c -t qua li hoc ng ln. Trng hp c bit phi c ngi ng gc, nht l khi ang dng th phi ra lnh ngng giao thng ngay iu 323: Khi dng ct gn ng dy cao, h p ang c in phi m bo khong cch t ct ang dng n ng dy c in ln hn chiu di ca ct nu ct khng chm ti ng dy ang c in. Phi ct in ng dy ang vn hnh nu khong cch ngn hn chiu di ct ang dng. iu 324: Tt c cn b, cng nhn tham gia dng ct u phi tn trng k lut lao ng, ni quy an ton, tp trung t tng vo cng vic, ai c phn cng v tr no phi v tr . Trong qu trnh dng ct khng c ri khi v tr. iu 325: Khi dng ct ngi ch huy phi dt khot, nghim minh, ngi thc hin tuyt i khng c ni chuyn n o, a
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nghch, phi tp trung tinh thn, t tng ch nghe v nhn hiu lnh ca ngi ch huy. iu 326: Tt c nhng cng nhn tham gia dng ct bao gm c nhng ngi ph vic u phi c hun luyn v k thut dng ct v phi c ph bin k v quy trnh an ton lao ng. Khng cho nhng ngi cha c hun luyn tham gia dng ct. Nu xy ra tai nn ngi ch huy trc tip phi chu hon ton trch nhim. iu 327: Mi t dng ct phi c mt ngi chuyn lm nhim v ch huy trc tip chu trch nhim kim tra dng c sn xut, trang thit b bo h lao ng ca t v thng xuyn nhc nh anh em trong khi lm vic. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi hiu bit thng tho quy trnh, quy tc v bit ra cc bin php an ton trnh tai nn lao ng. iu 328: K hiu, tn hiu phi c thng nht v c ph bin trc cho mi ngi thng hiu. Ch ngi ch huy dng ct mi c quyn ra lnh cho cng nhn cc v tr. Nu trong khi dng pht hin thy iu g mt an ton phi kp thi bo co cho ngi ch huy bit, ai c kin khc vi mnh lnh ca ch huy th phi bo co cho ngi ch huy bit. iu 329: Khi ko ct ln khong 1,50 m th phi dng li kim tra ton b mt ln na, c th l phi kim tra: dy, h th, cc ghm chn ti, h thng mp v pu-li, dy cp thp tin, hu v cnh g v.v... c hin tng khc thng khng. Nu pht hin c vn g cha tt th phi h xung sa li. iu 330: Trong thi gian dng ct, khng cho ngi ng hoc i li di ct ang dng, ng gn cc si dy cp ang lm vic, di hoc cnh cc b t hay chc, di hoc trn ming h ct v.v... Ring ngi ch huy dng ct phi ng v tr c th bao qut c cc cng nhn lm vic, hiu lnh c, ci phi dt khot, r rng. iu 331: Khi ct dng ln 800 l lc d b nht, lc ny mi ngi phi tp trung t tng n cao , dy tin dy hu, dy cnh g phi kim tra k v lun lun theo di. Mi ngi phi ch nghe lnh ca ngi ch huy trc tip, khng c ch quan, tu tin. iu 332: Khi ct ng thng, nu ngi ch huy trc tip cha ra lnh lm vic khc th khng c ri khi v tr mnh ph trch. iu 333: Khi dng ct phi dng lin tc cho n khi ct ng, tr trng hp ct ang dng d (cch mt t t 0,4 m tr ln), pht hin thy c vn sai st trn ct th cm tro ln sa cha m phi xng ti t t cho ct h xung t mi c x l. Trng hp c bit khi ct ln cao thy vn mt an
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ton nu tip tc th gy nguy him, khi c php dng ti li tro ln sa cha, nhng phi tun theo quy nh di y: 1. Ngi ch huy trc tip phi bn bc vi cn b k thut v cng nhn thng nht bin php mi c tin hnh. 2. Cc dy ti hm pha trc v hai bn phi hm v tr tht cng ct khi x dch. 3. Ngi tro ln phi l ngi c kinh nghim, thnh tho v c y trang b an ton. iu 334: Ch c php tro ln ct tho dy chng v cc th khc khi ct chn chc chn. Ngay sau khi dng ct phi b tng mng hoc p t y phng ct . Lp x s th sau 24 gi mi c lm, khi ln ct phi eo dy an ton, khng ai c ng di chn ct phng dng c, vt liu ri xung. iu 335: Cm s dng nhng dng c khng tiu chun v khng ng quy cch. Cm dng nhng hn nh ra khi mt t hoc cnh cy, gc cy buc hm dy no, dy chng. iu 336: Vic ni dy, tt dy cp thp, buc dy vo ct phi do cng nhn c trnh k thut v kinh nghim lm. Khng cho th tm tuyn ni dy cp thp v buc dy no mt mnh. iu 337: Nu dng ct bng t 3 chn v pa-lng, phi lm theo nhng qui nh sau: 1. Phi kim tra kch thc, qui cch ca t ng vi yu cu k thut mi c dng. Kim tra ti trng ca pa-lng v cc chi tit chu lc nh bnh xe, dy xch, mc, cht ... c tt khng. 2. Phi dng 3 dy no bng cp thp ti thiu 10 kt hp ng cc hm cho t khng b lt nghing. Phi ng cc c nh 3 chn t phng b choi, sp t. 3. Pa-lng phi c treo ln u t bng cp thp, a pa-lng ln hoc xung bng pu-ly v dy thng tt. 4. i vi ct vung (H, K), trc khi buc cp, ti v tr nh buc cp phi lt 4 thanh st gc di 1 m. i vi ct trn ly tm, phi buc sao cho cp khng b tut ln pha ngn ct. Trc khi cu ct ln, phi buc sn t 2 n 3 dy no hm khi ct thng ng c th dng chnh v hm ct. Cc dy hm ct ny cng phi ng cc hm c nh. Khng c buc 2 dy hm vo cng 1 cc. 5. Khi ngn ct c nng khi mt t khong 0,5 m, phi dng ko pa-lng kim tra ln cui an ton ca pa-lng v cc mi buc cp (nu pht hin thy cc bin dng khng an ton th phi h ct xung mt t x l). Sau khi kim
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tra khng pht hin nhng hin tng mt an ton mi c tip tc ko pa-lng nng ct ln. iu 338: Khi ct dng xong, phi ln lt tho st p, h palng, h t 3 chn v tho dy -vng nhng phi tun theo nhng quy nh di y: 1. Tho st p: - Tht dy an ton vo l ct (khng c qung c ct). - Tho dy pha di trc, dy pha trn sau trnh st ri vo ngi. 2. H pa-lng : - Mc pa-lng vo u t. - Dng dy thng tt lun pu-li h t t pa-lng xung. Nu c th, dng mt si dy cp thp 6 mm cng vi dy thng phng thng b t. 3. H t ba chn: - Treo pu-ly vo gia ct mi dng, lun thng hoc cp thp vo pu-ly, mt u buc vo u t cn mt u hm di. - Ly n by chn t v t t xng thng ra, cho t h xung t. 4. Tho dy -vng v cc: - Ch c tho 4 dy no chnh sau khi b tng mng 24 gi. - Tho u dy di trc cho cp chng li ri mi c tro ln ct tho u trn. Lm vic trn ct phi eo dy an ton. iu 339: Dng ct bng thang, thng (ct h p: 8,5 m; 9,60 m, ...) phi dng thang g, hai ci 3 m, mt ci 4 m v mt thang tre t 5 m n 6,50 m. Phi kim tra thang k lng, xem thang c b gy, b mc khng, ngoi ra cn phi dng mt s n tre chc chn v dy thng bn, tt buc gi ct. iu 340: Ngi ch huy trc tip dng ct bng thang, thng phi ht sc thn trng v bao qut ra lnh chnh xc. Nhng ngi tham gia dng phi tp trung t tng nghe hiu lnh, khng c ni chuyn, ri khi v tr nu cha c php ca ch huy. iu 341: Nhng ct khi dng cha lp x th sau 24 gi mi c a x ln ct lp. Mun a x ln phi treo pu-ly ln ngn ct v dng thng ko ln, khng c em theo cng vi ngi, ngi ng ko phi ng xa chn ct v ko t t, khng c ko dt phng dy t, st ri xung. iu 342: Ngi tro ln ct lp x phi eo dy an ton. Khi ln phi em theo mt b st, ng tm vo ct ng
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cho mi, nu lp nhng b x nng phi c hai ngi cng lm trn ct. iu 343: Khi ko s ln ct lp phi ch khng cho s va vo ct khi b st m, trc men. Khi lp ty s (chn ty) phi vn cho ht rng. Xit m c (-cu) phi dng m lt vn tht cht s khng c lung lay. iu 344: Nu lp s chui th sau khi a chui s vo mc treo phi th t t cho chui s thng xung. Phi kim tra cht ch b cong cha phng tut cht ri kho. Kim tra mc ni gia cc bt s c ch M khng v.v... iu 345: Nu lp c x v s vo ct cng dng mt lc th khi dng ct ln phi ch tm mi bin php trnh vnh x, v s, trnh khng vng dy -vng. VI. bin php an ton khi ri dy, ni dy, cng dy, ly vng v lp cc ph kin khc iu 346: Trc khi mc dy phi kim tra mng ct chc v dm cht cha, nu l mng b tng th ct dng chc cha, liu khi mc dy ln c th c bin c g xy ra khng. Phi b tr ngi bo v cc v tr cn thit nh: qua ng st, ng t, ng ci ln c ngi v c xe th s qua li. iu 347: Nhng cun dy c vn chuyn n cng trng phi theo ng nhng iu quy nh an ton v vn chuyn v ng v tr quy nh. Cun dy phi c k ln nhng b m bng st chc chn, s dng cn cu t th tt nht, nu dng sc ngi th phi c y bin php an ton cun dy khng vo ngi lm vic . iu 348: Nhng cun dy b v ru-l phi sa cha trc khi em ra cng trng trnh cho dy khng b c xt vo inh hoc cnh sc ca g lm xc dy. Nu ru-l b v nhiu qu th phi thay bng ru-l khc. iu 349: Khi g dy ru-l ra phi k ru-l theo mt phng nm nghing so vi mt t khng ln hn 450 cun dy khi ln t do trnh nguy him cho nhng ngi lm vic . Khng c vt mnh dy xung t m phi nh nhng cho khi hng dy. iu 350: m bo an ton v tn nhiu sc lao ng, tt nht dng phng php c gii ri dy, ni dy, cng dy ... . Nu khng c iu kin th phi t chc nhng i cng tc trong c cc nhm phn cng c th nh sau: - Mt nhm ra dy v ni dy. - Mt nhm nng dy ln ct in.
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- Mt nhm ko dy (quay ti). - Mt nhm i dc tuyn v gii quyt nhng trng hp b vng, b chp v.v... - Mt nhm ng gc cc v tr xung yu (qua ng st, ng t, ng ci ln). Cc nhm ny phi di s ch huy chung ca mt ngi i trng. iu 351: S lin lc vi nhau trong cng tc mc dy rt quan trng, nu s sut s xy ra tai nn ngay v mi ngi lm vic c tnh cht dy chuyn. Tn hiu, k hiu phi r rng v thng nht. Lin lc vi nhau phi dng b m, nu khng c b m mi dng n cc phng tin khc nh: in thoi, loa pin, ci, c . Nhng ngi ngi trn ct phi ht sc ch nghe hiu lnh ca ngi ch huy. Ngi ch huy phi ng ch cao, mt quay v hng trc dy. iu 352: Trn mi ct phi treo 1 pu-li, bnh xe phi chuyn ng tt, ch xem rnh v tm kp c tr ngi g trong khi ko khng. Khi ang ko dy nu thy lc ko qu ln (qu nng) th phi cho ngng ko kim tra. iu 353: Khi tnh ton chiu di cun dy ri phi ch trnh nhng mi ni qua ng st, ng quc l, ng dy in quan trng, ng thng tin v sng ngi c nhiu thuyn b qua li trnh nguy him khi dy t. iu 354: Khi ri dy qua ng st, quc l, cc ng dy in v thng tin th ch vt phi bc dn gio cho dy vt qua. Chiu rng ca dn gio phi di hn chiu di ca x st. Chiu cao ca dn gio nu vt qua cc ng dy in cao, h p ct in, dy thng tin phi cao hn ng dy 1 m. Ring ng dy h p, thng tin cho php in trong khi lm vic nhng phi c y bin php an ton. Ngi lm vic phi mang gng tay cch in. Nu vt qua ng t, ng st dn gio phi cao hn chiu cao ln nht ca xe t, tu ho l 1 m). iu 355: Vic ni dy phi m bo chc chn v ng quy tc k thut. i vi ng dy h p c th ni trc tip gia hai u dy ri hn bng thic hoc ni bng mng-xng. ng dy cao p c th ni bng mng-xng (i vi dy ng) hoc ghp bp. i vi dy nhm li thp, hai u dy cn tha phi c tt cht vo dy dn. i vi ng dy in p 110 kV tr ln phi ni bng ng ni, trng hp c bit khng c ng ni th cho php ni tm bng ghp. iu 356: Qui cch, kch thc ca mng-xng v ghp phi ph hp vi c dy dn cn ni. ng dy 35 kV phi dng t nht hai
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ghp. ng dy 110 kV phi dng t nht bn ghp, ng thi c tt cht u cn li vo dy dn. iu 357: Bu-lng bt ghp phi dng loi c hai cu v c m rng-en, trc khi cng dy phi dng m lt xit li ln cui cng, khi no khng cn nghi ng g na mi c cng dy. iu 358: Trc khi cng dy ly vng, pha sau ca cc ct st chu ko phi buc dy no tm thi phng ct b nghing v pha cng dy. iu 359: im c nh ca dy no tm thi nn t gn im c nh ca dy dn v dy chng st (tu theo a hnh, a vt m to thnh mt gc t 300 500), u cui ca dy no nn dng tng- tin iu chnh. iu 360: Phi tnh ton chiu cao ca ct v a hnh v tr dng ct chn khong cch ca cc ng dy no ti ct cho an ton nhng phi m bo gc to thnh gia dy no vi mt t khng ln hn 600 (khong cch ti thiu t cc ng dy no ti ct khng c nh hn 2 ln chiu cao ca ct). iu 361: Trc khi cng dy ly vng phi kim tra nhng dng c ch yu nh: ti ko, h th, dy cp, kho, pu-ly, dn gio, k hiu v tn hiu ... c ph hp vi yu cu k thut khng, tht m bo an ton cha. iu 362: Phi kim tra ton b dy dn (dy chng st nu c) trong on chu no. Thu dn tt c cc chng ngi vt dc tuyn ng dy c th nh hng ti vic ko dy. Kim tra li nhng ch hng ca dy c x l cha v.v... c bit ch xem dy c b xon, b vng vt khng, nu c th phi g nn thng ngay ra. iu 363: Cng ca mng b tng chu no phi t 100% cng thit k mi cho php tin hnh cng dy. iu 364: Pu-ly ko dy khng nn treo trc tip vo x. Nn lm mt vng dy ngn treo ln x, v trong khi ko dy c th xy ra tnh trng gc ca dy v chiu quay ca bnh xe lch nhau, dy s b lch ra ngoi rnh pu-ly d b kt. Nu b kt phi bo hiu ngng ngay x l. iu 365: Khi cng dy ly vng xong, cn tip tc lp nhng ph kin nh: kho, t chng rung, lp dy lo ... trn ng dy. Phi tip t tm thi hai u on dy chu no m bo an ton cho ngi lm vic. iu 366: Khong cch nh nht ca dy lo vi cc b phn ca ct st chu no khng c di: 1 m i vi ng dy 110 kV. 0.4 m i vi ng dy 35 kV. 0,35 m i vi ng dy 22 kV.
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0,2 m i vi ng dy 6 kV v 10 kV. Vi ng dy trn khng (DK) phi sa cha khi c in, m bo an ton cho ngi tro ct, khong cch t dy dn v ph kin mc dy dn n thn ct kim loi hoc b tng ct thp, hay n ng tm ca ct g, khi v tr ca cc dy dn trng thi tnh, khng nh hn: 1,50 m i vi DK 66 kV n 110 kV. 2,50 m i vi DK 220 kV. 4,50 m i vi DK 500 kV. iu 367: Khi cng dy xong cn phi thu dn tt c nhng dng c, nguyn vt liu, thit b cn li em v kho. Phi ch dn nhng g vn c inh, nhng mnh s v, nhng mu dy thp, dy ng cn vng vi trn cng trng trnh tai nn cho nhng ngi qua li. iu 368: Phi treo hoc k nhng bin bo cn thit ln ct nh Cm tro! in cao p nguy him cht ngi hoc Cm tro! c in nguy him cht ngi v.v... m bo an ton cho mi ngi. iu 369: Sau mi cng trnh xy dng ng dy phi hp tt c cn b, cng nhn trong n v thi cng rt kinh nghim v cc bin php an ton thc hin v ra bin php x l theo quy ch vi nhng ngi khng tn trng quy trnh an ton lao ng trong khi lm vic. Chng nm Nhng bin php an ton khi lm cng tc mc dy, t in h p I. nhng bin php an ton cho n v cng tc iu 370: Khi nhn nhim v mc dy, t in cho khch hng, ngi t trng hoc nhm trng phi trnh by ni dung cng vic v nhng c im a hnh v a vt ni s lm vic cho cng nhn nghe, ng thi ph bin nhng bin php an ton c th cho mi ngi nm vng. iu 371: Khi mc dy, t in nhng cng trnh xy dng, phi c bit ch ti cc dn gio tng, ca s ca th xy ang lm vic, i m an ton trnh ri dng c, vt liu (hoc dn gio) vo ngi. Phi i giy an ton trnh nhng inh nhn vn, g ca ni xy dng . iu 372: Khi c tng gch, tng phi eo knh trnh vi, va, , gch ... bn vo mt v eo khu trang chng bi
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(nu ni c nhiu bi). Ba, c phi tt, kim tra k trc khi dng. iu 373: Khi a cc vt nng nh: Cng-son, tc-k, s, puly, ng st ... ln cao khng c tung nm m phi buc vo dy ko ln. Khi a bng n, chp n ln lp phi thn trng trnh st m, v. iu 374: Khng k bn, gh thnh nhiu tng ng lm vic, khng c ng trn u thang ri di chuyn t ni ny n ni khc. Phi dng thang g hoc thang tre chc chn c chiu di thch hp v phi c ngi gi chn thang trong bt c trng hp no. Cho php chng gh ln bn trong trng hp chn bn, gh chc chn v ch c chng mt tng. iu 375: Khi lm vic gn nhng ni ang c in h p phi ch khng c s m hay lm vic g va chm vo ni c in. Trng hp cn thit th ct in tm thi lm vic. iu 376: Khi lm vic nhng ni d xy ra nguy him nh ban cng, mi nh, tng n hi, ng mng v.v... phi eo dy an ton v tm nhng im c nh chc chn eo dy an ton vo . Cm eo dy an ton vo nhng b phn c th di ng nh: cu thang, st rng ba, cng-son tng u nh v.v... khi phi kho chn vo bc thang. iu 377: Lm vic trn mi nh, cnh cy nh khng c ch mc dy an ton, phi dng dy thng tt buc vo tht lng v ghm ngi vo vt c nh. iu 378: Tro ln mi nh dc, mi lp phi-br v.v... khng c i dp khng c quai hu, giy da, dp ni-lng m phi i giy vi trnh b trn, trt. Khng c ng thng ngi i m phi ci lom khom, chn dm vo hai cnh tip gip ca ngi, tay bm vo mi ngi. iu 379: Lm vic gm cu thang, trong hm nh, trong hm trn ... phi c n soi sng, cm ng chng c m khi khng trng thy r rng. iu 380: Khi ct in ct u nh hoc cu dao u ngun lm vic trong nh, phi treo bin Cm ng in! c ngi ang lm vic ch ct in. II. nhng bin php k thut an ton iu 381: ng dy trong nh phi dng nhng loi dy c bc cch in. Khng c dng dy trn mc trong nh. iu 382: Ch cho php dng dy trn ko dy chnh trong nhng phn xng, nh my c khung nh bng st cao t 5 m tr ln nhng phi cho dy i trn s hoc puly c (70x70) mm tr ln v phi buc chc chn, c bin bo Nguy him cht ngi! treo gn ng dy .
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iu 383: Dy xuyn qua mi nh bng ngi, l, na, gianh phi dng cp ch. Dy i xuyn qua tng hoc i ngm trong tng phi cho i qua ng kim loi c cch in trong lng ng, khng c ni dy trong lng ng v kh kim tra v sa cha. iu 384: Khng c dng dy mm chui qua tng, khng c t chung dy n v dy my trong mt ng. Cho php t nhiu dy chung mt mch in trong mt ng. iu 385: Nhng ng dy c im trung tnh tip t in p 380 V, 380/220 V th gia nhng v ch ca cp v nhng hp u dy, v ngoi ca thit b ngt in u phi u vo vi nhau v 2,50 mm2. Mun tip t tt cn qun trn v cp nhiu vng ri hn li. iu 386: Cu dao iu khin ng, ct in nu l loi bng th phi c np y lm bng g, phi t ch d thao tc, thun tin nht, khng nn t nhng ni m t nh nh tm, nh v sinh ... iu 388: Nu l loi cu ch hp th phi c np, dy ch phi lp ng tiu chun quy nh. Cm dng dy ng hoc bt c loi g khc (dy nhm, l nhm ...) thay cho dy ch. iu 389: Khi ni dy phi ni so le v c bng cch in cun ngoi mi ni. Tu theo cng sut tiu th ca tng loi dng c dng in nh: qut, bn l, bp in, l si, n ... m dng c dy cho ng tiu chun. Cm dng dy c tit din nh ni vo dng c c cng sut qu ln trnh chy dy gy s c, ho hon. iu 390: Cng sut tiu th trong mt cn nh hoc trong mt x nghip phi ph hp vi tit din ng dy cung cp in cho ni . Dy ch bo v phi t theo cp chn lc, ngha l nu c chm chp th dy ch ni tiu th phi n trc dy ch gc, m bo an ton chung cho ng dy. iu 391: Tuyt i khng c dng ngn tay th xem c in hay khng m phi dng bt th in h p hoc bng n xc nh. iu 392: Khi trong khu vc c nhiu cp in h p th phi lm bin r rng ng dy no, in p bao nhiu ti cc v tr ng, ct v s dng. iu 393: Khi mc n trang tr trong ngy hi h, k nim v.v... cn phi ch nhng im sau y: 1- Nhng ch dy gt cch in u ui n phi gt v tr so le, sau khi u ui vo ri phi bc li bng bng cch in.
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2- Cu dao iu khin tm thi phi buc c nh vo ct in, thn cy v.v ... , t cch mt t t nht 3 m (nn c np y phng tri ma) v treo bin bo an ton. 3- Trang tr trn nhng cy cao, cnh l ra mt h hoc nhng a hnh, a vt nguy him th khng c tro hoc b ra m phi dng so, gy a dy ra phng gy cnh, trt chn ng. 4- Phi c ngi trc ch t cu dao iu khin. Dy ch cu dao phi tnh ton ph hp vi cng sut s dng trnh n ch trm. 5- Cng sut cc bng n phi ph hp vi tit din ca dy dn phng chy dy gy s c, ho hon. Khi u vo ng dy chnh phi chia u cng sut ra cc pha, phi lin h vi i qun l trm bit kh nng cung cp ca my bin p v phi c i qun l trm tho thun cho u vo l no mi c tin hnh. Chng su Bin php an ton khi xy dng trm bin p Trong nh v ngoi tri iu 394: Vic t chc vn chuyn dng c, nguyn vt liu v thit b ti a im xy dng trm phi theo ng nhng iu quy nh trong Phn ba-Chng IV-mc I quy trnh ny. iu 395: Nu dng vi trong xy dng phi thc hin cc qui nh sau: 1- H vi phi xa khu vc ngi i li, h khng su qu 1,50 m, cu i ra phi chc chn, rng t nht 0,50 m. Xung quanh h phi c hng ro tm thi trnh gy tai nn cho ngi qua li. 2- Phi dng mt rnh hoc ng mng dn nc ti h khi ti. Ngi ti vi phi i giy, i m, eo khu trang. 3- Khng c dng tay khng bc vi, xi mng hoc va m phi dng xng xc. iu 396: Khi xy tng khng c ngi trn tng, nu tng cao phi lm dn gio. Khng c xp gch trn tng ang xy, khng c qu nhiu vt liu trn dn gio phng gy dn gio v nng. iu 397: Dn gio cao phi bc cu ln, cm leo ln bng cch tro theo cc ct dn gio. iu 398: Cm vt vt liu, gch, va t trn dn gio xung t, trong khi ang xy cm i li hoc ngi di gm dn gio.

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iu 399: G, vn, tre ... sau khi g dn gio ra phi nh ht inh hoc ly ba ng gp xung, gch v phi dn sch, st thp phi tp trung li mt ch sau khi lm xong vic. iu 400: Khi lp rp cc thit b trong trm phi theo ng quy nh dng thang v chuyn vt liu nng ln cao trong Phn th nht-mc VI qui trnh ny.

Phn th t Nhng bin php an ton cho cng tc th nghim v o m Chng mt Nhng bin php an ton khi th nghim thit b in cao p

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iu 401: Th nghim thit b in cao p phi c phiu cng tc, trong ngi ch huy trc tip phi c trnh an ton bc IV tr ln. Cng nhn lm vic trong n v cng tc phi c hun luyn v kim tra: 1- Nhng hiu bit v phng php th nghim v nhng quy tc trnh by trong chng ny. 2- Nhng kinh nghim v vic tin hnh th nghim. Vic kim tra ny s kt hp cng vi thi gian kim tra quy trnh k thut an ton hng nm ca n v. iu 402: Nhn vin vn hnh hoc nhng ngi c s gim st ca nhn vin vn hnh c quyn cng tc th nghim khng cn phiu cng tc nhng phi c lnh cng tc v c ghi vo s nht k vn hnh. Trong trng hp ny nhn vin vn hnh phi c trnh ti thiu bc IV an ton. iu 403: Dng my th cp ke-n-t-rng th nghim c th do nhn vin vn hnh trnh bc IV an ton tr ln iu khin mt mnh. Vic th nghim cc ng c in c ct in cng do nhn vin c trnh bc IV an ton tr ln thc hin khng cn phi c phiu cng tc. iu 404: Tin hnh nhng th tc: vit phiu cng tc, ct in, treo bin, t ro, kim tra ht in, t tip t theo nhng iu kin quy nh trong Phn th nht-mc V quy trnh ny. iu 405: Cc phng n th nghim thit b phc tp do nhn vin tin hnh th nghim chun b nhng phi c ph trch phn xng (i) duyt. iu 406: Nhng cng nhn thao tc ng, ct in phc v cho vic th nghim thit b phi c kim tra v quy trnh thao tc, s kt dy, th tc giao, nhn phiu v nhng bin php an ton c nhn v.v ... trc khi lm vic. iu 407: Khu vc th nghim c in p cao phi c ro chn. Ngi khng c nhim v khng c vo v lun c ngi trng coi , ngi ny c th l ngi u cc thit b th nghim v th mch. Vic t ro chn do ngi tin hnh th nghim chu trch nhim. Nu dng dy cng thay ro chn th trn dy phi treo bin Dng li! in cao p. Nu cc dy dn in i qua hnh lang, cu thang, sn nh ... th phi c ngi ng gc ti cc v tr cn thit. iu 408: Trc khi a in vo th, tt c cng nhn trong n v cng tc phi lui ra mt ni an ton theo s hng dn ca ngi ch huy trc tip. Vic a in vo th nghim do ngi ch huy trc tip th nghim m nhn hoc ra lnh cho nhn vin trong n v thc hin.
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iu 409: Trc khi ng in ngi ch huy trc tip phi t mnh kim tra mch u dy th nghim v bin php an ton, sau bo trc cho cng nhn bng cu: ti ng in! ri mi ng in hoc ra lnh ng in. Khng c u thm g khi ng in pha h p. iu 410: Khi th nghim xong, ngi ch huy trc tip phi ct in, lm tip t v bo cho cng nhn bit ct in, sau ra lnh u dy li tip tc th nghim hoc tho d cc ro chn v kt thc cng tc. iu 411: Khi u xong cc thit b cn th mi c tho tip t. Trng hp thit b cn th nghim ct hn ra bng cu dao cch ly th trn cc on cn tip tc cng tc khc phi t tip t ch mch h. iu 412: Cu dao cp in th nghim phi l cu dao 2 cc. Phn ct mch in phi c trng thy r rng. T khi a thit b vo mch th phi c ngi coi cu dao. phng ng in nhm cn phi c m lt cch in t gia li v hm cu dao. iu 413: Phn v ca cc thit b th nghim cao p phi c tip t. iu 414: Khi dng thit b th nghim lu ng cn thc hin ng cc iu kin sau y: 1- Cc b phn cao p phi c che kn, khng c d va chm. 2- Nu thit b th nghim h th phi b tr ring: bn t thit b h p, bn t thit b cao p v gia hai bn phi c ngn cch. 3- Cu dao, cu ch v cc thit b in h p cn phi ni thun tin, d kim tra v iu khin. iu 415: Khi th cp, c hai u on cp u phi treo bin: Cm ng in! c ngi ang lm vic. Nu u cp bn kia nm trong nh m ni c ngi ang lm vic khc th trong thi gian th nghim phi c ngi ng gc, ng thi ro li v treo bin Dng li! in cao p. iu 416: Khi tin hnh th cp phi eo gng tay cch in, i ng cch in hoc ng trn thm cao su cch in. my k-n-t-rng phi c bin php bo v ngi iu khin my, trnh nh hng c hi ca tia rn-ghen bng cch dng tm thp dy t (0,5 1) mm hoc dng loi n c bit theo cu to ca chng khng th sinh ra tia rn-ghen c. iu 417: S dng m-gm-mt o do nhng ngi sau y lm:
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1- Nhn vin vn hnh hoc ngi c nhn vin gim st th khng cn phiu cng tc. 2- Nhn vin th nghim hoc nhn vin khc phi theo phiu cng tc quy nh. 3- Cng nhn c trnh bc III an ton tr ln c php s dng m-gm-mt mt mnh o trn mch c ct in khng cn phiu cng tc. iu 418: Ch c dng m-gm-mt o cc thit b cch ly hon ton mi pha. Trc khi quay cn phi bit chc chn l khng c ngi lm vic b phn thit b ang cn o. Cm mi ngi chm vo nhng vt dn in lin quan n thit b ang o. iu 419: Sau khi th nghim bng in p cao, phi kh in tch v khi khng nh khng cn in tch na mi c bo l ct in!. Chng hai I. Nhng bin php an ton khi tho lp ng h, r le v thit b thng tin iu 420: Nhng cng vic: lp rp, kim tra, iu chnh, tho g sa cha cc ng h o m, r-le, cc thit b t ng, cc thit b thng tin lin lc v.v ... c tin hnh theo quy nh di y: 1- Phi c phiu cng tc theo quy nh chung nhng bung phn phi in cao p trong nh v ngoi tri. 2- Khng cn c phiu cng tc nhng ni khng c b phn dn in vi in p trn 1000 V, hoc c nhng tm che chn bo v, nhng phi c lnh cng tc, c ghi vo nht k vn hnh. Nhng ngi lm cng tc ny phi c trnh bc IV an ton tr ln, c hun luyn v chuyn mn. iu 421: Trng hp cn thit, khi kim tra cc mch o lng, iu khin, bo v c th c php li mt nhn vin c trnh ti thiu bc IV an ton trong n v cng tc ti bung c in p trn 1000 V nhng phi theo ng quy nh v an ton khi cng tc thit b in trn 1000 V khng ct in trong quy trnh ny. iu 422: Khi lm vic nhng mch o lng, bo v ang mang in cn phi p dng bin php an ton nh sau: - Tt c cc cun dy th cp ca my bin cng (TI) v my bin in p (TU) cn phi c dy tip t c nh. - Cun th cp ca my bin cng khng c h mch.
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iu 423: Khi tho lp bt c loi ng h no u phi ct in ri mi c lm. Nhng u dy cn li sau khi tho ng h i phi ly bng cch in bc kn li. Nu khng ct in c th phi c cc bin php an ton trnh chm chp v phi c hai ngi lm vic. II. Nhng bin php an ton khi ghi ch cng t in iu 424: nhng bung c thit b trn 1000 V, nhng b phn dn in t trn cao hoc che kn khng th va chm c th cho php nhn vin vo ghi ch cng t. iu 425: Khi vo cc trm bin p nhn vin ghi ch ch c lm nhim v c v ghi ch s cng t bng mt, khng c ng chm ti thit b khc phng b in git. iu 426: Cho php nhn vin ghi ch cng t vo trm mt mnh lm nhim v nhng phi c s ng v giao cha kho ca chi nhnh in hoc n v qun l trm . Sau khi ghi ch xong phi ghi ngy, gi, cng vic v k tn vo s nht k vn hnh trm, tr li cha kho. iu 427: Cng t in treo trn ct, mc du ct c in hay khng c in, khi tro ln cao ngi ghi ch phi eo dy an ton v phi lun lun ch trnh va chm vo nhng dy in xung quanh hm t cng t. Khi nhn vin ghi ch lm vic nhng ni nguy him nh: cng t treo trong nh tm, nh v sinh v.v ... phi phng trn, trt ng, khi tro cao phi c thang chc chn hoc k bn, gh c chn vng chc, d ng.

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Ph lc 1 Cp cu ngi b in git Trong khi lm vic hoc trong cuc sng, nu thy c ngi b in git, bt c ngi no cng phi c nhim v cu cha nn nhn. Theo thng k, nu b tai nn in m c cp cu kp thi v ng phng php th t l nn nhn c cu sng rt cao. Bng di y cho thy, nu nn nhn c cp cu ngay trong pht u tin th kh nng cu sng n 98%. Cn n pht th 5 th c hi cu sng ch cn 25%. Thi gian (pht) T l % nn nhn c cu sng
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98

90

70

50

25

C 2 bc c bn cu ngi b tai nn in l: 1- Tch nn nhn ra khi mch in. 2- Cp cu nn nhn ti ch. I- Cch tch ngi b in git ra khi mch in Khi c ngi b tai nn in phi tm mi cch tch nn nhn ra khi mch in. Khi cu, cn ch nhng iu sau y va cu nn nhn va trnh khng b in git: 1. Trng hp ct c mch in Cch tt nht l ct in bng nhng thit b ng, ct gn nht nh: cng tc in, cu ch, hoc rt phch cm, cu dao, my ct ... Khi ct cn lu : 1-a. Nu mch in b ct cp cho n chiu sng lc tri ti th phi chun b ngay ngun sng khc thay th. 1-b. Nu ngi b nn trn cao th phi chun b hng khi ngi ri xung. 2- Trng hp khng ct c mch in Trong trng hp ny cn phn bit ngi b nn ang b chm vo in h p hay in cao p p dng cc cch sau: 2-a. Nu l in h p th ngi cu phi ng trn bn, gh hoc tm g kh, i dp hoc ng cao su, eo gng cao su dng tay ko nn nhn tch ra khi mch in. Nu khng c cc phng tin trn c th dng tay nm o, qun kh ca nn nhn ko ra hoc dng gy g, tre kh gt dy in hoc y nn nhn tch ra. Cng c th dng km cch in, ba, ru cn bng g ct t dy in ang gy tai nn. Tuyt i khng c chm trc tip vo ngi nn nhn v nh vy ngi i cu cng b in git. 2-b. Nu l mch in cao p th tt nht ngi cu phi c ng v gng cch in. Dng so cch in gt hoc y nn nhn ra khi mch in. C th dng si dy kim loi tip t mt u v nm u kia vo c 3 pha lm ngn mch ng dy b ct in ri tch ngi ra khi mch in. II- cu cha nn nhn sau khi tch khi mch in Ngay sau khi nn nhn c tch khi mch in phi cn c vo cc hin tng sau y x l cho thch hp: 1- Nn nhn cha mt tri gic
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Khi ngi b in git cha mt tri gic, ch b hn m trong giy lt, tim cn p, th yu th phi nn nhn ra ch thong kh yn tnh chm sc cho hi tnh. Sau i mi y, bc s hoc nh nhng a n c quan y t gn nht theo di chm sc. 2- Nn nhn mt tri gic Khi ngi b nn mt tri gic nhng vn cn th nh, tim p yu th t nn nhn ni thong kh, yn tnh (nu tri rt th t ni kn gi), ni rng qun, o, tht lng, moi rt ri trong mm nn nhn ra, cho nn nhn ngi amnic, nc tiu, ma st ton thn cho nng ln v cho ngi i mi y, bc s n chm sc. 3- Nn nhn tt th Nu ngi b nn khng cn th, tim ngng p, ton thn co git ging nh cht th phi a nn nhn ra ch thong kh, ni rng qun, o, tht lng, moi rt ri trong mm nn nhn ra. Nu li b tht vo th ko ra. Tin hnh lm h hp nhn to v h hi thi ngt ngay. Phi lm lin tc, kin tr cho n khi c kin ca y, bc s quyt nh mi thi. III- Phng php lm h hp nhn to v h hi thi ngt Lm h hp nhn to c hai phng php 1- Phng php t nn nhn nm sp t nn nhn nm sp, mt tay gi vo u, mt tay dui thng, mt nghing v pha tay dui, moi rt ri trong mm v ko li (nu li tht vo). Ngi lm h hp ngi trn lng nn nhn, 2 u gi qu xung kp vo hai bn hng nn nhn, hai bn tay vo hai bn cnh sn, hai ngn tay ci st sng lng, n tay m nhm 1-2-3 ri li t t th tay, thng ngi m nhm 4-5-6. C lm nh vy 12 ln trong 1 pht, u u theo nhp th ca mnh, lm cho n khi nn nhn th c hoc c kin quyt nh ca y, bc s mi thi. Phng php ny thng c p dng khi ch c mt ngi cu.

2- Phng php t nn nhn nm nga t nn nhn nm nga, di tht lng t gi mm hoc qun, o vo trn li, u hi nga, ko mm h ra, moi rt ri trong mm v ko li ra v mt ngi ngi bn cnh gi li. Nu mm mm cht th ly que cng (khng sc) cy ra. Ngi cu
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ngi pha u, cch u (20 30) cm, 2 tay cm ly 2 tay nn nhn (ch gn khuu), t t a ln pha trn u sao cho hai bn tay nn nhn gn chm vo nhau. Sau (2 3) giy nh nhng a tay nn nhn gp li v ly sc mnh p 2 tay nn nhn ln ngc. Sau (2 3) giy lp li cc ng tc trn. C gng lm t (16 18) ln trong mt pht. Lm tht u v m 1-2-3 cho lc ht vo, 4-5-6 cho lc th ra. Lm lin tc cho n khi nn nhn t th c bnh thng hoc c kin quyt nh ca y, bc s mi thi. Phng php ny khng kh a vo phi c nhiu hn phng php nm sp, nhng phi c 2 ngi. IV- Phng php h hi thi ngt kt hp p tim ngoi lng ngc (L phng php cu cha c hiu qu ph bin nht hin nay) nn nhn nm nga, ni rng qun, o, tht lng, moi rt ri trong mm nn nhn ra, t u nn nhn hi nga ra pha sau. Ngi cu ng (hoc qu) bn cnh nn nhn, t cho 2 bn tay ln ngc tri (v tr ca tim) ri dng c sc mnh thn ngi n nhanh, mnh, lm lng ngc nn nhn b nn xung (3 4) cm. Sau khong 1/3 giy th bung tay ra lng ngc nn nhn tr li bnh thng. Lm nh vy khong 60 ln/pht. ng thi vi ng tc p tim, phi c ngi th hai h hi. Tt nht nu c ming gc hoc khn mi soa t ln mm nn nhn, ngi cu ngi bn cnh u, ly mt tay bt mi nn nhn, mt tay gi cho mm nn nhn h ra (nu thy li b tt vo th ko ra), ht tht mnh ly nhiu khng kh vo phi ri gh st mm vo mm nn nhn m thi cho lng ngc phng ln (hoc bt mm thi vo mi khi khng thi vo mm c). H hi cho nn nhn t (14 16) ln/1 pht. iu quan trng l phi kt hp 2 ng tc nhp nhng vi nhau, nu khng ng tc ny s phn li ng tc kia. Cch phi hp l: c thi ngt 1 ln th lm ng tc xoa bp (p) tim 4 nhp (ph hp vi mi nhp th khong 4 giy v mi nhp p ca tim l 1 giy). Lm lin tc cho n khi nn nhn t th c hoc c kin ca y, bc s mi thi. Nu ch c mt ngi cu th c th lm nh sau: Ln lt thay i cc ng tc, c (2 3) ln thi ngt th li chuyn sang (4 6) ln n vo lng ngc. Nn nh rng, vic cp cu ngi b tai nn in git l mt cng vic khn cp, cng nhanh chng cng tt, tu theo hon cnh m phi ch ng dng phng php cp cu cho thch hp. Phi ht sc bnh tnh v kin tr cu. Ch c php cho l nn nhn cht ri khi thy b v s, b chy ton thn. Ngoi ra phi coi nh nn nhn cha cht.
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Ph lc 2 Th tc tin hnh cng vic trn thit b in do cc n v ni khc c n lm Nhng ngi ni khc c c n lm vic trn cc thit b in cn phi tun theo cc iu quy nh sau y: Cc nhn vin lm cng tc vn hnh hay trong cc n v xy lp qua kim tra kin thc v quy trnh k thut an ton u phi c giy chng nhn theo mu quy nh (giy chng nhn do x nghip ca nhn vin hoc do x nghip m h c c n cp). Trong trng hp h c coi ngang hng nh nhn vin ca x nghip m h c c n (tr quyn hn c cho php vo lm vic). Nu v yu cu sn xut, cn phi c quyn cho php vo lm vic cng vic cn lm th cc nhn vin k thut in ni khc c n phi qua st hch ti hi ng ca x nghip h c c n, lc h c coi ngang hng nh cc nhn vin tng ng ca x nghip ny tin hnh vic . Ngoi ra, nhng ngi c c n bng lnh vit l: 1- Ngi c quyn cp phiu cng tc. 2- Ngi lnh o cng vic v ch huy trc tip. Nhng ngi ny bt buc phi nghin cu h s v tnh cht, c im thit b in ca x nghip, nghe nhng ch dn cn bit. Khi c nhng ngi t chc, ch o cng vic trong thit b in ca x nghip nh th th khng cn phi c cc nhn vin vn hnh ca x nghip lm ngi gim st c bit. Ch trong nhng trng hp tin hnh cng vic trn cc thit b in c iu kin c bit nguy him do ph gim c k thut ca x nghip c quyt nh th mi cn c ngi gim st an ton in nhng ngi ni khc c n. Khi cc nhn vin ni khc c n lm vic trn cc thit b in ca x nghip no th x nghip phi chu trch nhim thc hin cc bin php an ton nhm bo v cc nhn vin ny khi b in git. X nghip c nhn vin c i lm vic phi chu trch nhim v trnh ca cc nhn vin c c i thc hin cc iu ca quy trnh ny.

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Ph lc 3 Mu 01PTT/QG Dng cho cc thao tc trn h thng in c 2 hay nhiu n v cng tham gia. Phiu thao tc .............. phiu: . . . . . . . / . . . . .............. ./.... S T s: . . . . . . . .

Tn phiu thao tc: Ngi vit phiu: ..................... Chc v: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ngi duyt phiu: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chc v: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ngi thc hin: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chc v: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mc ch thao tc: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ..................................................... . . . . . .. Thi gian d kin : Bt u . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ngy. . . thng . .nm . . . . . . Kt thc . . . . . . . . . . . . Ngy . . thng . .nm ..... . n v xin thao tc: ...........................................
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............................................. ........ ...... ..................................................... ...... iu kin cn c thc hin: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ............................................. ........ ...... ............................................. ........ ...... ..................................................... ...... ..................................................... ...... ..................................................... ...... Lu : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... ............................................. ........ ...... ............................................. ........ ...... ............................................. ........ ...... ............................................. ........ ...... S S phiu: . . . . . . . / . . . . T s: . . . . . . . . . / . . . .

S phiu: . . . . . . . / . . . . T s: . . . . . . . . ./.... Trnh t thao tc S T n Ni dung T v thao tc Ng- Ng- Thi i i gian ra nh B K ln n t h ln t th h c

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u 7

Ngy . . . . thng . . . nm . . . nm . . . Ngi vit phiu (Ktn)

Ngy

. . . . thng

. . . .

Ngi duyt phiu (K tn)

Cc hin tng bt thng trong thao tc: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... ......... .. Kt thc ton b thao tc lc: . . .gi . . .ngy . . thng ...nm . . . Ngi ra lnh thao tc (K tn)

Mu phiu 2A dng cho cc thao tc m ti ni ra lnh c b phn trc thao tc, cc ni c FAX hoc chuyn trc tip cho cng nhn i thao tc. Tn n v phiu thao tc S phiu:......./....... ----------------T s:...../...... .. Nhim v thao tc: Ngi vit phiu:......................................chc v:.......................................
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Ngi duyt phiu:.................................. chc v:....................................... Ngi ra lnh:.......................................... chc v:...................................... Ngi gim st:........................................bc an ton:.................................. Ngi thao tc:........................................ bc an ton:.................................. Thi gian ra lnh bt u thao tc:....gi....pht, ngy....thng.....nm ........... Lu :....................................................................................................... .... Trnh t thao tc S nh du Trnh t cc ng tc thc T hin T (x)

Ngy......thng......nm...... Ngy......thng......nm...... Ngi vit phiu duyt phiu (K tn)

Ngi (K tn)

Ngi ra lnh Ngi gim st Ngi thao tc (K tn) (K tn) ( K tn) thao tc xong theo trnh t trn lc .....gi....pht, ngy...thng .... nm.... bo cho ng (B)......chc v....lc .....gi.... pht, ngy....thng... nm....

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Mu phiu 2B dng cho cc ni ra lnh qua in thoi. Tn n v phiu:....../....... -------------:....../.......... phiu thao tc S T s

Nhim v thao tc: Ngi vit phiu:..................................... chc v:........................................ Ngi duyt phiu:.................................. chc v:........................................ Ngi ra lnh:......................... chc v:................... n v: ........................ Ngi nhn lnh:..................... chc v:................... n v: ........................ Thi gian bt u nhn lnh:......gi.......pht, ngy.....thng.......nm............. Lu:..................................................................................................... ....... .......................................................................................................... ............ Trnh t thao tc S nh du Trnh t cc ng tc thc T hin T (x)

Thi gian bt u ngy......thng......nm................ Thi gian kt thc ngy......thng......nm...............

thao thao

tc:......gi......pht, tc:......gi......pht,

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Ngi vit phiu duyt phiu (K tn) tn)

Ngi Ngi ra lnh (K tn) (K

thao tc xong theo trnh t trn lc:....gi.....pht, ngy....thng....nm... bo cho ng (B):.........chc v:....lc....gi...pht, ngy...thng... nm... Ngi bo:............................chc v:........................................................... Mu phiu 2C dng cho cc ni nhn lnh thao tc c FAX hoc c t phiu 01 hoc nhn lnh qua in thoi bng phiu 2B. Tn n v phiu:......./....... -----------:......./......... phiu thao tc S T s

Nhim v thao tc: Ngi ra lnh:.............................chc v:..................n v: ....................... Ngi nhn lnh:.........................chc v:..................n v: ....................... Ngi gim st:...................................Bc an ton:....................................... Ngi thao tc:....................................Bc an ton:....................................... Thi gian bt u nhn lnh:......gi.......pht, ngy.....thng.......nm............. Lu :....................................................................................................... .... .......................................................................................................... ............ Trnh t thao tc S
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Trnh t cc ng tc

nh du

T T

thc hin (x)

Thi gian bt u thao tc:......gi......pht, ngy......thng......nm............. Thi gian kt thc thao tc:......gi......pht, ngy......thng......nm............ Ngi nhn lnh Ngi gim st Ngi thao tc (K tn) (K tn) (K tn) thao tc xong theo trnh t trn lc:...gi.....pht, ngy....thng ....nm.... bo cho ng (B):.....chc v:.....lc ...gi.... pht, ngy...thng ...nm.... Ngi bo:............................chc v:...........................................................

Cng ty...... n v .....

phiu cng tc cao p

S:.../....

Ngi lnh o cng vic:.......................................................Bc AT...../5. Ngi ch huy trc tip:...........................................................Bc AT..../5. I- n v cng tc gm: T H v Bc TT H v tn Bc T tn AT AT 1 /5 6 /5 2 /5 7 /5 3 /5 8 /5
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4 /5 9 /5 5 /5 10 /5 IIa dim tc:.................................................................................. IIINi dung tc:................................................................................ Thi gian bt u cng vic(theo k hoch):...gi...pht, ngy..thng...nm... Thi gian kt thc cng vic(theo k hoch):...gi...pht, ngy..thng..nm... IV. Bin php an ton cn thc hin: Cn ct in ct in t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin

cng cng

V- Cc iu c bit cn lu : 1- Bin php an ton:........................................................................ .......................................................................................................... ........... 2- Phng thc truyn lnh cho php bt u lm vic:........................... .......................................................................................................... ............ Phiu cng tc cp ngy ......thng......nm...... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn)

VI- Lnh cho php bt u lm vic lc:...gi...pht, ngy...thng...nm.... Ngi lnh o cng vic Ngi ch huy trc tip Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn)
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VII- Thay i nhn vin H, tn,bc H, tn ngAT ngi c i rt khi b sung i cng tc

n v cng tc: Ngy, K thng, tn nm

VIII-Cho php lm vic v kt thc cng tc hng ngy,di chuyn ni lm vic: Bt Kt thc Ngi Ngi a u gi, ch im cho gi, ngy huy php cng ngy thng, trc tc (k) thng, nm tip nm (k)

IX-Kt thc cng tc: Ton b cng tc kt thc lc ....gi....ngy....thng....nm.... Ngi ch huy trc tip Ngi lnh o cng vic (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn)

Phiu cng tc kho lc .....gi......ngy.....thng......nm....... Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) ------------------------------------------------------ kim tra hon thnh phiu. Ngy.....thng.....nm... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn)

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Cng ty...... S:.../...... n v .....

phiu cng tc h p

Ngi ch huy trc tip:.............................................................Bc AT..../5. I- n v cng tc gm: T H v Bc TT H v tn Bc T tn AT AT 1 /5 6 /5 2 /5 7 /5 3 /5 8 /5 4 /5 9 /5 5 /5 10 /5 IIa dim cng tc:................................................................................ .......................................................................................................... .......... IIINi dung cng tc:............................................................................... Thi gian bt u cng vic (theo k hoch):...gi...pht, ngy..thng.. nm.. Thi gian kt thc cng vic (theo k hoch):...gi...pht, ngy..thng..nm.. IV- Bin php an ton cn thc hin: Cn ct in ct in t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin

V- Cc iu c bit cn lu : 1- Bin php an ton:........................................................................ .......................................................................................................... ........... 2- Phng thc truyn lnh cho php bt u lm vic:...........................
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.......................................................................................................... ........... Phiu cng tc cp ngy ......thng......nm...... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn)

VI- Lnh cho php bt u lm vic lc:...gi...pht, ngy....thng...nm... Ngi ch huy trc tip Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn) VII- Thay i nhn vin H, tn,bc H, tn ngAT ngi c i rt khi b sung i cng tc n v cng tc: Ngy, K thng, tn nm

VIII- Cho php lm vic v kt chuyn ni lm vic: Bt Kt thc Ngi a u gi, ch im gi, ngy huy cng ngy thng, trc tc thng, nm tip nm (k)

thc cng tc hng ngy,di Ngi cho php (k)

IX- Kt thc cng tc: Ton b cng tc kt thc lc ....gi....ngy....thng....nm.... Ngi ch huy trc tip (K v ghi h tn)
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Phiu cng tc kho lc .....gi......ngy.....thng......nm....... Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) ----------------------------------------------------------- kim tra hon thnh phiu. Ngy.....thng.....nm... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn)

nh my.... S:...../.... n v ..... Ngilnh o cng vic:.........................................................Bc AT...../5. Ngi ch huy trc tip:............................................................Bc AT...../5. I- n v cng tc gm: T H v Bc TT H v tn Bc T tn AT AT 1 /5 6 /5 2 /5 7 /5 3 /5 8 /5 4 /5 9 /5 5 /5 10 /5 IIa dim cng tc:.................................................................................. IIINi dung cng tc:................................................................................ Thi gian bt u cng vic(theo k hoch)...gi...pht, ngy...thng ..nm... Thi gian kt thc cng vic(theo k hoch)...gi...pht, ngy.thng.. nm....
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Dng cho cc nh my in phiu cng tc tht b in

IV- Bin php an ton cn thc hin: Cn ct in ct in t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin

V- Cc iu c bit cn lu : - Bin php an ton:............................................................................ .......................................................................................................... ........ Phiu cng tc cp ngy.....thng.....nm.... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn) duyt phiu lc....gi....ngy......thng ....nm Trng ca (K v ghi h tn) VI- Lnh cho php bt u lm vic lc:...gi...pht, ngy...thng...nm.... Ngi lnh o cng vic Ngi ch huy trc tip Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn) VII- Thay i nhn vin H, tn,bc H, tn ngAT ngi c i rt khi b sung i cng tc n v cng tc: Ngy, K thng, tn nm

VIII-Cho php lm vic v kt thc cng tc hng ngy, di chuyn ni lm vic:

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a im cng tc

Bt u gi, ngy thng, nm

Kt thc gi, ngy thng, nm

Ngi ch huy trc tip (k)

Ngi cho php (k)

IX-Kt thc cng tc: Ton b cng tc kt thc lc ....gi....ngy....thng....nm.... Ngi ch huy trc tip Ngi lnh o cng vic (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn) Phiu cng tc kho lc .....gi......ngy.....thng......nm....... Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) -------------------------------------------------------- kim tra hon thnh phiu. Ngy.....thng.....nm... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn)

Mu phiu dng cho n v bn ngoi n cng tc trn thit b do ngnh in qun l cn phi c ngi gim st. n v.... S:.../....... phiu cng tc cao p

Ngi ch huy trc tip (n v cng tc):..................................Bc AT..../5.

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Ngi gim st an ton (n v vn hnh):.................................Bc AT..../5. I- n v cng tc gm: T H v Bc TT H v tn Bc T tn AT AT 1 /5 6 /5 2 /5 7 /5 3 /5 8 /5 4 /5 9 /5 5 /5 10 /5 IIa dim cng tc:.................................................................................. IIINi dung cng tc:................................................................................ Thi gian bt u cng vic (theo k hoch)...gi..pht,ngy...thng.....nm... Thi gian kt thc cng vic (theo k hoch)..gi...pht, ngy...thng ..nm... IV- Bin php an ton cn thc hin: Cn ct in ct in t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin

V- Cc iu c bit cn lu : 1- Bin php an ton:..................................................... .................... 2- Phng thc truyn lnh cho php bt u lm vic:....................... .......................................................................................................... ........ Phiu cng tc cp ngy ......thng......nm...... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn)

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VI- Lnh cho php bt u lm vic lc:...gi...pht, ngy... thng...nm... Ngi gim st Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn) VII- Thay i nhn vin H, tn,bc H, tn ngAT ngi c i rt khi b sung i cng tc n v cng tc: Ngy, K thng, tn nm

VIII- Cho php lm vic v kt chuyn ni lm vic: Bt Kt thc Ngi a u gi, gim im gi, ngy st cng ngy thng, (k) tc thng, nm nm

thc cng tc hng ngy, di Ngi cho php (k)

IX-Kt thc cng tc: Ton b cng tc kt thc lc ....gi....ngy....thng....nm.... Ngi ch huy trc tip Ngi gim st (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn) Phiu cng tc kho lc .....gi......ngy.....thng......nm....... Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) ------------------------------------------------------------ kim tra hon thnh phiu. Ngy.....thng.....nm...
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Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn)

Phiu dng cho n v ngoi n cng tc trn thit b do cc nh my in qun l, cn phi c ngi gim st. n v.... phiu cng tc tht b in S:.../....... Ngi ch huy trc tip (n v cng tc):.................................Bc AT..../5. Ngi gim st (n v vn hnh):............................................Bc AT..../5. I- n v cng tc gm: T H v Bc TT H v tn Bc T tn AT AT 1 /5 6 /5 2 /5 7 /5 3 /5 8 /5 4 /5 9 /5 5 /5 10 /5 IIa dim cng tc:.................................................................................. IIINi dung cng tc:................................................................................ Thi gian bt u cng vic (theo k hoch)...gi..pht,ngy...thng.....nm... Thi gian kt thc cng vic (theo k hoch)..gi...pht, ngy...thng ..nm... IV- Bin php an ton cn thc hin: Cn ct in ct in t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin
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t dy tip t t ro chn v treo bin

V- Cc iu c bit cn lu : Bin php an ton: ................................................................................. Phiu cng tc cp ngy ......thng......nm...... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn) duyt phiu lc:......gi ......ngy ....thng....nm....... Trng ca (K v ghi h tn) VI- Lnh cho php bt u lm vic lc:...gi...pht, ngy...thng...nm.... Ngi gim st Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn) VII- Thay i nhn vin n v cng tc: H, tn,bc H, tn ng- Ngy, K AT ngi c i rt khi thng, tn b sung i cng nm tc

VIII- Cho php lm vic v kt chuyn ni lm vic: a Bt Kt thc Ngi i u gi, gi, ngy gim m ngy thng, st cng thng, nm (k) tc nm

thc cng tc hng ngy, di Ngi cho php (k)

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IX- Kt thc cng tc: Ton b cng tc kt thc lc ....gi....ngy....thng....nm.... Ngi ch huy trc tip Ngi gim st (K v ghi h tn) (K v ghi h tn)

Phiu cng tc kho lc .....gi......ngy.....thng......nm....... Ngi cho php (K v ghi h tn) ----------------------------------------------------- kim tra hon thnh phiu. Ngy.....thng.....nm... Ngi cp phiu (K v ghi h tn)

Ph lc 4 Tiu chun cp bc k thut an ton Cp bc (1) I Chc v cng tc (2) - Lao cng. - Cng nhn xy dng kin trc. - Cng nhn qut dn. - Cng nhn vn hnh ng c. - Nhng ngi phn xng khc, nhng t chc khc, cha c kim tra hiu bit Thm nin cng tc thit b in (3) - Khng quy nh v thm nin khi cho lm vic. Ch cn hng dn, nu ln nhng vn cn ch . - (Hng nm cn phi nhc li). Tui khng di (4) 17

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v quy tc thut an ton.

c im: Bc I thuc v nhng ngi c lin quan n vic iu khin my mc, nhng khng c trnh hiu bit v k thut in, cha hiu r c s nguy him v in v nhng bin php an ton khi lm vic nhng thit b in. Ch thch: i vi cng nhn lm vic nhng thit b in trn 1000 V ch c k thm nin khi lm vic ti b phn my mc thit b y. ( (2) (3) (4) 1) II - Ngi lm v sinh - t nht phi qua 17 nhng thit b 1 thng lm vic trn 1000 V. my mc thit b - Th ngui, thng in . tin vin, li xe. - Cng nhn li xe cn trc - Cng nhn vn hnh, sa cha, - T 1 n 2 nm xy dng, th trong cng tc nghim in, c ang lm. cp bc chuyn mn t bc 1 n bc 2. - Khng quy nh - Sinh vin thc v thm nin. tp, hc sinh cc trng trung cp k thut v cng nhn hc ngh thc tp.

c im: Nhng ngi thuc bc II cn phi: a. C nhng hiu bit s b v thit b in trm v ng dy.
Trang 103

b. Thy c y nhng nguy him ca in v s nguy him khi n gn nhng thit b dn in. c. C trnh hiu bit v phng php c bn phng nguy him khi lm vic nhng thit b in. d. Bit nguyn tc v thc hnh vic cp cu ngi b in git. (1 (2) ) III - Cng nhn lm cng tc qun l vn hnh, sa cha, th nghim, kim tra, xy dng. - Trc ca, cng nhn thao tc, vn hnh trm bin p, nh my in, thng tin vin. - K thut vin v sinh vin thc tp. (3) - Khng c di 6 thng trong ngh hin ti. - i vi nhng ngi c trnh lp 9 tr ln qua kho hc chuyn mn. - Ngi tt nghip trng chuyn nghip khng di 3 thng thm nin chung. (4) 17

c im: Nhng ngi thuc bc III cn phi: a. Hiu bit s b v k thut lm quen v iu khin cc thit b in v ng dy ni trn 1000 V. b. Thy c y nhng nguy him khi lm vic nhng thit b in ang mang in (ng dy v trm c in p trn 1000 V). c. C trnh hiu bit v k thut an ton v nht l nguyn tc c php lm vic nhng my mc, thit b in. d. Hiu bit nhng quy tc an ton v phn mnh m nhim. e. Bit cch kim tra, gim st cng nhn lm vic nhng thit b in, my mc in. g. Bit cch cp cu ngi b in git. (1 )
Trang 104

(2)

(3)

(4)

IV

- Cng nhn in, t trng sn xut, i trng, i ph. - Nhn vin vn hnh trc trm bin p, thng tin vin. - K s, k thut vin chnh thc lm vic.

Nhn vin khng di 1 nm. - i vi nhng ngi c trnh lp 9 tr ln qua 1 kho chuyn mn hay nhng ngi tt nghip k thut hoc chuyn nghip c thm nin khng di 6 thng.

18

c im: Nhng ngi thuc bc IV cn phi: a. C nhng hiu bit k thut in c s. b. Thy c y nguy him khi cng tc trn thit b in. c. Hiu bit ton b quy trnh ny, phn chung v c nhng phn ring v nghip v ca mnh, nguyn tc s dng v th nghim nhng dng c an ton p dng cc my mc thit b in. d. Hiu bit my mc n trnh c th bit ct in b phn no tin hnh cng tc sa cha. C th tm b phn y trn thc t v kim tra c vic chp hnh cc bin php an ton. e. Bit t chc gim st, theo di cng nhn lm vic. g. Bit cch cp cu ngi b in git.

(1) V

(2)

(3)

(4) 18

- T trng t in, - Nhn vin t nht c cng, i trng, 5 nm. i vi i ph. nhng ngi c trnh lp 9 tr ln qua lp hc - K thut vin v k chuyn mn. s c chnh thc. - i vi nhng ngi tt nghip trng

Trang 105

- c cng, k thut vin, (tt nghip k thut trung v cao cp), k s cng tc lu nm trong ngnh in.

chuyn nghip, thm nin t nht 3 nm. - Thm nin khng di 6 thng trong cng tc hin ti .

c im: Nhng ngi c bc V cn phi: a. Hiu bit chc chn quy trnh ny phn chung cng nh phn ring v quy tc s dng th nghim cc phng tin bo m an ton dng cc my mc thit b in. b. Hiu y ngha v yu cu cc mc trong quy trnh ny. c. Bit t chc tin hnh cc bin php an ton, kim tra theo di nhng cng tc y. d. Hiu bit mt cch chc chn phng php cp cu ngi b tai nn in git. e. Hiu bit s v thit b ca b phn mnh ph trch.

Ph lc 5 Tiu chun k thut ca mt s Dng c an ton v dng c lm vic mang in p

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A. Dng c an ton: Th t 1 Hng mc th nghim o di 1. So cch in Thit b trong nh Thit b ngoi tri v ng dy trn khng di di b b ph ph n n cch tay i n n m (m) (m) 1,1 0,4 Tiu chun th nghim

in p nh mc ca thit b in (kV)

10 tr xung 35 tr xung 110 tr xung 220 tr xung Th t

di b ph n cch i n (m) 0,7

di b ph n tay n m (m) 0,3

1,1

0,4

1,4

0,6

1,8

0,9

2,0

1,0

3,0

1,0

Hng Tiu chun th nghim mc th nghim 2. Km Ghi ch: di b phn cch cng tc khng qui nh in 10 0,45 0,15 0,75 0,20

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35 3. Ci ch in p (bt th in)

0,75 in p nh mc ca thit b o (kV)

0,20 di b phn cch in (mm)

1,20 di b ph n tay n m (mm ) 110

0,20 di ton b (mm)

10 v di 10 1020

320

680

400

120

840

2035

510

120

1060

B phn n tn hiu khng qui nh nhng di ton b ca ci ch in p khng c b hn qui nh trong bng. Th t 2 Hng mc th nghim Th chu in p xoay chiu Tn dn g c in p ng dy in p th (kV) Thi gian th Chu k th

Tiu chun th nghim

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s Dng c mi 3 ln in 35 p tr nhng xun khn g g c b hn 40 110 3 ln tr in p ln pha 3 ln in 35 p tr nhng xun khn g g c b hn 40 12 dn g (kV) Th (ph t) n h k Gin g nh mi 5 1 nm

So cch i n

Gin g nh mi

1 nm

K m cch i n

Gin g nh mi

6 thn g

Gn Cc g loi cch in i p n Th t Hng mc th nghim

6 thn g

Tiu chun th nghim

Giy cch in

Mi: Cc 20 15 6 2 loi kV in kV C: thn (mi) (c) g p 1 (kV) (ph

Trang 109

t)

ng cch in

1 v di 1

3,5

Mi: 2 C: 2 -

6 thn g 2 nm 2 nm

m 1 tr 20 v ln, thm 1 tr 7,5 cao su xung Gh cch in Cc loi in p

15 3,5 Gin g nh dn g c mi

40

3 nm

Ci ch in p 10 tr xung 1. Bn thn ci 1020 ch in p, bt th in 35 tr xung Th t Hng mc th nghim Tn dng

Trang 110

20

20

20

20

6 thn g

20

20

Tiu chun th nghim Thi gian Chu k th

in p

in p th (kV)

s th dng c (kV) Dng Th (ph c nh t) mi k 10 40 40 5 2. B tr xun g phn cch 102 70 70 5 6 thng 0 i 35 n tr 105 105 5 xun g ng i n tr 6 10 6 10 6 10 1 1 1 nm

Ci ch dng i n (Am pe cp) 10 1. B tr phn xun cch g i n 2. 10 B tr phn xun li g st

40

40

1 nm

20

20

Th

Hng mc th nghim

Tiu chun th nghim

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t 3 in p pht 1. Khng c qu 25 % ra nh sng in p nh mc ca thit b.

2. Trng hp c bit c th cho php in p pht ra nh sng khng c qu 40 % in p nh mc ca thit b. 4 C ly nh hng gy nh sng 1. 6 kV i vi in c sinh

tr xung c ly thit b mang 150 mm khng ra nh sng.

2. 35 kV c ly i vi thit b mang in 500 mm khng c sinh ra nh sng.

B. Dng c lm vic c mang in p: Th t 1 Hng mc

Tiu chun th nghim th nghim - Dng c . Tr s in p th ng p. trn mi cm chiu di

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Th chu in p xoay chiu - Dng c lm vic c mang in.

o chiu di

i vi b phn cch in ca cc loi dng c cch in: - Dng c mi: 1,7 kV - Khi kim tra: 1,5 kV Thi gian th: 5 pht . So treo dy cch in, so sit dy, so chu lc, so dy, chiu di b phn cch in hu dng; cn phi ph hp tr s di y: Chiu di b in Chiu nht p - di b ca b ng phn phn dy cch cch (kV) in in hu hu dng dng (m) (m) do iu kin thit b hn ch 3,31 0 35 771 10 0,5 0,4

1 1,5

0,4 1,0

Th t

Hng mc th

Tiu chun th nghim

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nghim di phn cch in hu dng t vng bo v tr ln ca so cch in cn phi ph hp vi bng di y: in p ng dy (kV) di b phn cch in hu dng (m) 1,0 di tay nm (m)

3,33 5 5311 0

0,60,8

1,5

0,81,0

Ghi ch: Khi iu kin thit b lm hn ch di ca so th c th cho php rt ngn di b phn cch in hu dng t vng bo v tr ln nhng khng c b hn qui nh di y: 3,335 kV-0,60 m. Trn 35 n 110 kV-1,0 m.

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Th t

Hng mc th nghi m Th in p xoay chiu

Tiu chun th nghim

1. Dng c cch in trc tip tip xc vo b phn mang in cn phi th vi in p di y: i n p 6 10 15 35 7 11 7 0 nh m c (kV ) i n 4 40 48 11 24 28 p 0 0 5 0 th (kV ) Thi gian th 5 pht. Ghi ch: 1. Th dng c mi v th nh k u tin hnh theo cng mt tiu chun. 2. Dng c cch in khng c trc tip tip xc vo b phn mang in cn phi th vi in p di y: a. Thit b 110 kV: - Th dng c mi: mi cm chiu di th 2,80 kV. - Th kim tra: mi cm chiu di th 2,10 kV.

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Th t

Hng mc th nghi m

Tiu chun th nghim

b. Thit b di 110 kV: - Th dng c mi: mi cm chiu di th 2,40 kV. - th kim tra: mi cm chiu di th 1,90 kV. Thi gian th: 5 pht. Ghi ch: 1. in p th cn phi t trn ton b chiu di on cch in. Khi th cng cho php chia ra tng on th nhng khng c chia qu 4 on (khng k dy thng cch in). in p t trn mi on cn phi tnh theo in p t trn ton b chiu di v tng thm 20 %. 2. Th in cn phi tin hnh sau khi th c. 3. Nu sut thi gian th in cao p, dng c cch in c th chu c in p t vo, b mt khng xut hin hin tng phng in v sau khi ct in ly tay s vo b phn cch in khng thy c pht nng cc b th dng c cch in c coi t yu cu. 4. Chu k th: 3 thng tin hnh 1 ln; ngoi ra nu pht hin cch in b m nghim trng v b phn c b hng u phi tin hnh th. 5. dng c cch in sau khi i tu cn phi th theo tiu chun nghim thu nh dng c mi. Ph lc 6 Tiu chun v thi hn th nghim cc my mc v dng c cu ko Thi Thi gian hn th th nghim (pht (thng) )

Ti trng th nghim: kg Tn gi cc my mc v dng c Khi nghim thu v sau khi i tu

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Th nh k

1. Ti quay tay 2. Pa lng 3. Rng rc v dy rng rc 4. Kch 5. Cp thp 6. Dy cho bng gai, bng si bng v si tng hp 7. Mc, kho mc vng v cc dng c tng t 8. Dy lng an ton, cho bo him 9. Chn tro dng cho th lp in tro ct 10. Thang g

Tnh 1,25 PH 1,25 PH 1,25 PH 1,25 PH 1,25 PH 1,25 PH 1,25 PH

ng 1,1 PH 1,1 PH 1,1 PH 1,1 PH

Tnh 1,1 PH 1,1 PH 1,1 PH 1,1 PH 1,1 PH 1,1 PH

ng 1,0 PH 1,0 PH 1,0 PH 1,0 PH

10 10 10 10 10 10

12 12 12 12 6 6

1,1 PH

10

300 180 120 200

225 135 100 180

5 5 2

6 6 12

Ch thch: 1. PH-Ti trng lm vic cho php. 2. Khi kt qu th nghim tnh khng t yu cu th khng cn tin hnh th nghim ng. Th nghim ng l nng ln, h xung nhiu ln mt vt nng. 3. Khi th nghim tnh, vt nng th phi cch mt t hoc mt sn khong 100 mm. 4. Khi th nghim, cho v xch phi chu c ti trng th nghim m khng b t, khng b gin cc b r rt (i vi dy cho) mt xch khng b bin dng r rt. 5. Trc khi th nghim, cc my mc v dng c cu nng phi c quan st, kim tra v khi cn thit phi c sa cha li.

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6. Tt c cc my mc v dng c cu ko sau khi i tu u phi c th nghim li, khng l thuc vo thi gian kim tra nh k. 7. Cc kch kiu rng vt khng phi th nghim nh k, song 3 thng phi kim tra mt ln. 8. Vic th nghim cc my mc v dng c cu ko phi tin hnh theo cc iu ch dn ca qui phm my trc.

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Ph lc 7 Bin bo an ton v in (Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 2572 - 78) Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc bin bo c ch v du hiu c in p, t trn cc dng c, my, kh c, cc thit b in, .... bo cho ngi trnh khi nguy him do in gy ra khi vn hnh, lm vic v i qua gn nhng thit b . 1. Phn loi v kch thc: 1.1 Cn c vo i tng cn bo hiu, bin bo gm: Bin bo chung-dng ni c nhn vin vn hnh thit b in cng nh ngi n lm vic. Bin bo ring-dng nhng ni c nhn vin vn hnh thit b in lm vic. 1.2 Cn c vo thi gian s dng, bin bo gm: Bin bo c nh-t trong mt thi gian khng quy nh: Bin bo lu ng-t trong mt thi gian nht nh. 1.3 Cn c vo kch thc (axb), tnh bng mm, bin bo c phn thnh nhm sau: a- 360 x 240 d- 210 x 210 h- 72 x 36 b- 240 x 150 e- 145 x 72 i- 52 x 26 c- 240 x 120 g- 105 x 52 k- 36 x 18 1.4 Cn c vo ni dung li trn bin, bin bo c phn theo Bng 1. 1.5 Ni dung trnh by v kch thc bin bo quy nh trong Bng 2 4 v trn hnh v 1 20. 1.6 Bin bo phi c sn mu ph hp vi quy nh trong Bng 4. 1.7 S dng cc bin bo phi ph hp vi nhng quy nh trong cc quy phm an ton lao ng hoc cc ti liu khc c lin quan v an ton lao ng. 1.8 Khi t lm cc bin bo, phi ch r kiu, loi theo qui nh trong tiu chun ny.

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2. Yu cu v k thut 2.1 Bin bo phi ch to theo nhng yu cu ca tiu chun ny v cc ti liu k thut c lin quan khc. 2.2 Bin bo c nh v khun c ch to bng thp tm cht lng thng, c chiu dy khng nh hn 0,5 mm. 2.3 Bin bo c nh kiu 15eX n 15kX dng gn trn thit b in, kh c, cc dng c o in c th ch to bng vt liu nh nhm l, ng l, thp l hoc bng vt liu khc nhng phi m bo tui th ca n trong iu kin vn hnh ca sn phm, ng thi phi m bo r rng v c r nt ch. C th dng loi c l hoc khng c l. Cho php ch v du hiu c in p trc tip ngay trn sn phm nhng c kch thc phi ph hp vi TCVN 2049-77 theo chiu cao h quy nh Bng 3 ca tiu chun ny. 2.4 Bin bo phi c gn chc bng bu lng, vt, inh tn hoc gn trc tip vo sn phm. Kch thc ca cc l bt bu lng, vt c quy nh trong cc bng v hnh v ca tiu chun ny. 2.5 Bin bo lu ng c php ch to bng kim loi l, cht do hoc bng vt liu khc c chiu dy 2 3 mm. Cc vt liu ny khng b h hng do tc dng ca kh quyn. 2.6 Hnh s ngi phi m bo cc yu cu sau: Mu ca hc mt, mi, rng v ng vin ca s phi l mu en; on u ca du hiu c in p phi cho xuyn qua hc mt phi, nhng hnh s ngi khng c che khut u mi tn ca du hiu, ng thi phi cha mt on r t ch hc mt phi n ch gp khc ca du hiu c in p; Hnh s ngi phi c kch thc tng ng vi du hiu c in p. 2.7 Phn li ca bin bo phi vit bng ch in thng ng theo tiu chun Ti liu thit k (TCVN. 6-85). Hnh dng v kch thc ca du hiu c in p theo TCVN 204977. 2.8 Bin bo khng c c nhng vt sn si, cnh sc. 2.9 Bin bo c nh v khun phi sn c hai mt, trc khi sn phi lm sch vt bn, vt g. 2.10 Sn phi u, m v bn, b mt sn phi nhn. 2.11 Bin bo kiu 2aX phi bt chc chn cao t 2,5m n 3m so vi mt t.
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2.12 Trn ct b tng, cho php dng khun loi 2K th hin trc tip ni dung ca bin bo v sn mu quy nh trong Bng 4. 2.13 Pha trn bin bo loi lu ng phi c hai l theo kch thc quy nh trong Bng 2 lun dy treo thch hp. 3. Quy tc nghim thu 3.1 Cc bin bo phi c b phn kim tra k thut bn sn xut kim tra theo yu cu cu tiu chun ny. 3.2 Kim tra kch thc ch vit ca bin bo bng dng c o c chnh xc n 1 mm. Khi kim tra, ly 10% s bin bo ca l, nhng khng c t hn ba chic. 3.3 Kim tra cc mc 2.7 2.10 bng mt thng. Kim tra tng bin bo ring bit.

4. Bao gi, ghi nhn, bo qun v vn chuyn 4.1 Bin bo phi c bao gi trong hm g hoc hm cc tng, gia cc bin bo phi c lp giy lt. Trng lng ca hm xp bin bo khng qu 20 kg. 4.2 Trn mi hm c ghi nhn, bao gm cc mc sau: - Tn hoc du hiu quy c ca c s sn xut; - Kiu bin bo; - Trng lng, kg; - K hiu v s hiu ca tiu chun; 4.3 Bin bo c bo qun trong phng iu kin bnh thng. 4.4 Bin bo c vn chuyn bng mi phng tin.

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Trang 123

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Ph lc 8 Bng 1: Thi gian cho php lm vic trong mt ngy m ph thuc vo cng in trng in trng kV/m Thi gian cho php (gi) < 5 5 8 1 1 15 1 2 20<E2 > 25 0 2 8 0 5 1/6 (10 pht) 0

Kh 8 4, 3 2 1, 0 0 n 2 , 33 , , g 5 2 8 5 hn ch

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Bng 2: Thi gian cho php lm vic, i li gn ng dy khng 500 kV trong mt ngy m (Tnh bng gi) Khong cch t Khi cao dy n tnh t ch mt t (m) ngi ng ti tim tuyn (m) 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 22.5 6 3. 1 3. 9 4. 9 3. 3 2. 2 2. 4 3. 7 8. 0 7 4. 1 4. 8 5. 8 4. 0 3. 1 3. 0 4. 2 8. 0 8 5. 2 5. 9 6. 3 4. 7 3. 6 3. 6 4. 7 8. 0 9 6. 6 7. 1 7. 1 5. 5 4. 3 4. 3 5. 2 1 0 8. 0 8. 0 6. 3 5. 1 5. 0 5. 8 1 1 1 1 2 3 - - - 7. - 3 6. 7. 5. 9 8 9 6. 7. 5. 6 4 8 7. 8. 6. 3 0 5 - 1 4 -

Bng 3: thi gian cho php gn trm 500 kV Khong cch t ngi n thit b 500 kV gn nht (m) Thi gian cho php trong mt ngy m (gi) 6 10 12 15 >15 Khng hn ch

4.5

Ph lc 9 in tr ni t ca ng dy, ng cp, ng ng v cc kt cu kim loi phng trnh nguy him do cm ng tnh in ()

Chiu
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di

Khong cch n dy ngoi

on i gn (km) DK 7 10

cng (m) 20 30 40 70 10 0 40 0 20 0 10 0 50 0 25 0 12 5

1. Khi i gn DK 500 kV 0.007 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 20 40 0 20 0 40 20 4 2 1 40 0 80 40 8 4 2 20 0 10 0 20 10 5 40 0 20 0 40 20 10 35 0 70 35 18 24 0 12 0 60

2. Khi i gn DK 220 kV n 0.5 1 5 10 20 40 0 80 40 20 50 0 10 0 50 25 60 0 12 0 60 30 16 0 80 40 20 0 10 0 50 36 0 18 0 90

Ph lc 10 in tr ni t mt cc T T 1 Loi t in tr t mt cc ( /cc) 16 Vt liu, kch thc

t vn (t tht)

Cc bng thp trn 16 hay thp gc

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2 3 4 5 6 7 8

t st 16 t bn, 9 than bn t pha st 40 t en 80 t pha ct 120 Ct kh 320 , si, 800 1200 vi

63x63x6. 50x50x5di 2.5m, ng su vo t ngp u trn ca cc, sau ni bng hn hay bu lng tht cht vo kt cu cn ni t.

Ch : - Khi trong bng c gch ngang (-) th ch cn dng mt cc ni t di 2.5m (bng thp 16 hay thp gc 63x63x6, 50x50x5) - S cc ni t cn thit Nc tnh nh sau: in tr ni t ca mt cc ph thuc vo loi t, ly gn ng theo Ph lc 10. in tr ni t ca mt cc Nc = in tr ni t yu cu Ph lc 9 Mc lc Tran g - Li ni u - Mt s nh ngha, quy nh trong quy trnh Phn th nht Nguyn tc chung Nhng iu qui nh cho tt c nhng ngi lm cng tc v in - I. Phm vi p dng qui trnh 8 - II. Nhng iu in c cng tc trong ngnh in 9 - III. X l khi vi phm qui trnh 11 - IV. Ch phiu thao tc v cch thi hnh 11
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4 6

- V. Nhng bin php m bo an ton khi tin hnh cng vic 14 - V-1. Bin php k thut m bo an ton khi lm vic 14 - V-1-1. Ct in 14 - V-1-2. Treo bin bo v t ro chn 16 - V-1-3. Kim tra khng cn in 17 - V-1-4. t tip t 18 - V-2. Bin php t chc m bo an ton khi lm vic 19 - V-2-1. Ngi chu trch nhim v an ton 21 - V-2-2. Th tc thi hnh phiu cng tc 24 - V-2-3. Th tc Cho php n v cng tc vo lm vic 25 - V-2-4. Gim st trong khi lm vic 26 - V-2-5. Th tc ngh gii lao 26 - V-2-6. Th tc ngh ht ngy lm vic v bt u ngy tip theo 27 - V-2-7. Di chuyn ni lm vic 27 - V-2-8. Kt thc cng vic, kho phiu trao tr ni lm vic v ng in 28 - VI. Nhng bin php an ton khi lm vic trn cao 29 - VI-1. Bin php t chc 29 - VI-2. Bin php k thut 31 - VI-3. Nhng bin php an ton khi s dng thang di ng 32 - VI-4. Nhng bin php an ton khi s dng dy eo an ton 33 Phn th hai Nhng bin php an ton khi lm cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha ng dy cao, h p v trm bin p Chng mt Bin php an ton khi cng tc cc trm bin p - I. Nhng qui nh ti thiu cn phi nh 35 - II. Kim tra vn hnh thit b 36
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- III. iu khin cu dao 37 - IV. S dng km o cng 38 Chng hai Bin php an ton khi tip xc vi thit b in - I. Phn loi cng tc thit b in 39 - II. Cng tc vi thit b in cao p khng ct in 40 - III. Cng vic lm cho php khng tip t 41 - IV. Cng vic lm trn cc cu dao cch ly, my ngt c b iu khin t xa 42 - V. Lm vic vi c qui v thit b np in 43 - VI. Lm vic vi t in v bo v t in 45 Chng ba Bin php an ton khi lm cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha ng dy cao, h p - I. Nhng bin php an ton chung khi tin hnh cng tc trn ng dy cao, h p 46 - II. Nhng bin php an ton khi cng tc trn ng dy cao p ang vn hnh v gn ng dy ang c in 48 - II-1. Cng tc trn ng dy ang vn hnh 48 - II-2. Cng tc trong vng nh hng ca ng dy cao p ang vn hnh 50 - III. Nhng bin php an ton khi cng tc trn ng dy h p ang c in 52 Chng bn Lm vic my pht in v my b ng b 55
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Chng nm Lm vic nhng ng c in cao p

56

Phn th ba Nhng bin php an ton khi xy dng ng cp in ngm, ng dy cao p trn khng, mc dy in v trm bin p Chng mt Bin php an ton khi xy dng ng cp in ngm t 6 Kv 35 Kv - I. Bin php an ton khi o ho t cp 57 - II. Bin php an ton khi vn chuyn cp n v tr cng tc 58 - III. Bin php an ton khi ri cp, t cp trong nh, ngoi tri,di nc 59 - IV. Bin php an ton khi hn ni cp v nu nha, nu thic 60 - V. Bin php an ton khi s dng n hn 61 Chng hai Bin php an ton khi xy dng ng dy dn din gn ng dy cao p ang c in - I. Nhng qui nh chung 62 - II. Bin php an ton khi thi cng ct in gn ng dy cao p ang mang in 63 - II-1. ng cc 63 - II-2. o h mng 64 - II-3. Thi cng mng ct 64 - II-4. Lp rp ct 64 - II-5. Dng ct 65 - II-6. Lp t dy dn ch giao cho vi ng dy cao p ang c in 66 Chng ba
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Lp t dy dn v dy chng st trong vng nh hng ca ng dy cao p ang vn hnh inp 22 Kv 500 Kv v l mch th 2 ca ng dy dn in 2 mch ang c in 1 mch - I. Qui nh chung 67 - II. Lp t dy dn ng dy 2 mch khi mt mch ang mang in 71 - III. Lp t dy dn ng dy nm trong vng nh hng ca ng dy cao p ang vn hnh 73 - IV. Lp t dy chng st ng dy ang c in 74 - V. Lp t dy chng st ng dy nm trong vng nh hng ca cc ng dy cao p ang vn hnh 75 - Ph bn -Xc nh h s h cm M 76 Chng bn Bin php an ton khi xy dng ng dy in cao, h p trn khng - I. Bin php an ton khi vn chuyn dng c, nguyn vt liu, thit b 79 - II. Bin php an ton khi o mng chn ct 81 - III. Bin php an ton khi c mng ct st, ct b tng 82 - IV. Bin php an ton khi lp rp ct st v ct b tng 83 - V. Bin php an ton khi dng ct st, ct b tng v lp x, s 84 - VI. Bin php an ton khi ri dy, ni dy, cng dy, ly vng v lp cc ph kin khc 90 Chng nm Nhng bin php an ton khi lm cng tc mc dy, t in h p
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- I. Nhng bin php an ton cho n v cng tc 95 - II. Nhng bin php k thut an ton 96 Chng su Bin php an ton khi xy dng trm bin p trong nh v ngoi tri

99

Phn th t nhng Bin php an ton cho cng tc th nghim v o m Chng mt Nhng Bin php an ton khi th nghim thit b in cao p 100 Chng hai I. nhng Bin php an ton khi tho lp ng h, r le v thit b thng tin II. nhng Bin php an ton khi ghi ch cng t in

103 104

Phn ph lc - Ph lc 1: Cp cu ngi b in git 106 - Ph lc 2: Th tc tin hnh cng vic trn thit b in do cc n v ni khc c n lm 111 - Ph lc 3: Mu phiu thao tc 113 Mu phiu cng tc 119 - Ph lc 4: Tiu chun cp bc k thut an ton 129 - Ph lc 5: Tiu chun k thut ca mt s dng c an ton v dng c lm vic mang in p 134 - Ph lc 6: Tiu chun v thi hn th nghim cc my mc v dng c cu ko 144 - Ph lc 7: Bin bo an ton v in (TCVN 2572-78) 146 - Ph lc 8: Thi gian cho php lm vic trong mt ngy m ph thuc vo in trng 167 - Ph lc 9: in tr ni t ca ng dy, ng cp, ng ng v cc kt cu kim loi phng trnh nguy him do cm ng tnh in 168
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- Ph lc 10: in tr ni t mt cc Mc 170

169 lc

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