Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni Khoa in T Vin Thng *************

BO CO THC TP C BN ti : Mch To Dao ng RC

H v tn Lp SHSV

:Trn Mnh Cng : in t 5 K53 : 20080404

H NI 2/2011

I.GII THIU Mch to dao ng RC l mch t to dao ng da trn nguyn l ca mch dao ng cu vin to ra dao ng hnh Sin c dng phm vi tn s thp thay cho cc b to dao ng LC,v kch thc ca b to dao ng LC tn s thp qu ln (do kch thc ca qun cm L) Mch c 3 khi : 1. Khi khuch i chnh(mc theo kiu EC lm vic ch A) 2. Khi khuch i m (mc theo kiu CC lm vic ch A) 3. Khi phn hi (khi to dao ng s dng mch cu vin) II.NHIM V CA BI THC HNH Lp rp mch dao ng RC t tao dao ng da trn nguyn l ca mch cu vin to ra tn hiu hnh Sin c bin nh-nh t 2.2 n 3.0 V v sai s tn s khng vt qu sai s cho php (15%) v c n nh cao

III.MCH NGUYN L V MCH LP RP

Mach nguyn l :

Hnh 1

Vi cc thng s linh kin : R1,R3 = 100 300 k R2 = 200 500 k RC1,RC2,RE3 =200ohm2k Rpa,Rph = 1020k RE1 = 470ohm 1.5k Rra =35k C1=C2 = 10 20 nF C3,C4,C5,C6,C8 =10100uF Dng ngun 1 chiu 9V Mch lp rp :

Hnh 2 IV.CU TO V TC DNG CA TNG KHI , TNG LINH KIN

1. KHI KHUCH I CHNH

- Khi khuch i gm 2 tng khuch i c mc theo kiu EC. - 2 n T1 v T2 l transistor loai C828 c mc theo kiu EC v lm cng lm vic ch A c h s khuch i ln. - T C3 l t ni tng . - R1,RC1,RE1 dng xc nh im lm vic tnh Q cho n T1 xc nh ch lm vic (xc nh cc thng s 1 chiu Ube1 v Uce1). - R2,RC2,RE2 dng xc nh im lm vic tnh Q cho n T2 xc nh ch lm vic (xc nh cc thng s 1 chiu Ube2,Uce2). - T C6 dng n nh dng 1 chiu. - T C4 v trit p VR1 hi tip ni tip in p (hi tip m xoay chiu ) lm thay i bin ra ca tn hiu ( y l mch sa dng xung ).

2. KHI PHN HI

- n T1,T2 hot ng nh c dng hi tip dng t cc C ca T2 ua v.dng hi tip dng c a qua mch lc tn s c mc theo kiu cu vin - Mch cu vin c cu to bi mch lc thng gii c dn nh trn Hnh 3 c cu to gm in tr Rpa,Rph v cc t C1 ,C2 - Cc linh kin ny c s dng xc nh tn s cho tn hiu ra c xc nh bi cng thc :

Nu ly gi tr Rpa=Rph=R v C1=C2=C th ta c cng thc tnh nh sau :

Hnh 3
3. KHI KHU I M

- Khi khuch i m l khi khuch i dng din c mc theo kiu CC v lm vic ch A. - C6 lm nhim v ni tng ,C7 c tc dng chng nhiu - n T3 mc theo kiu CC v c h s khuch i in p Ku~1 nn khng nh hng ln n bin v dng xung ca tn hiu ra. - R3 v RE3 dng phn p cho T3 xc nh Ube3 v Uce3. - T C8 c tc dng trit tiu dng 1 chiu u ra. - Rra dng ly in p ra.

V.HOT NG CA MCH

- Khi cp in p ngun 1 chiu 9V xy ra hin tng hi tip dng gy t kch cc base ca dn T1 sau c khuch i bi n T1 ,n T1 c mc theo kiu EC v lm vic ch A v vy tn hiu sau khi i qua T1 s ngc pha vi tn hiu cc base ca T1 - Tn hiu c khuch i tip T2 do T2 cng mc theo kiu EC nn tn hiu s o pha 1 ln na v ng pha vi tn hiu cc base ca T1. - Sau tn hiu c i qua T3 do T3 mc theo kiu CC v khuch i dng in c tc dng nh dng ,do h s khuch i in p sp x bng 1 nn khng lm thay i gi tr bin ca tn hiu . VI.QU TRNH TIN HNH V IU CHNH CC THNG S CA MCH. Lp rp linh kin v i dy nh Hnh 2 ,nhng cha mc trit p vo mch Kim tra mch i dy v v tr linh kin vi s lp rp ,ch t ha phi mc ng chiu. a.)iu chnh ch 1 chiu - Trc ht ta ngt ng hi tip dng v m v T1 bng cch ngt 1 chn t C2 v cha lp trit p - Dng ng h o t thang DCV(2.5 hoc 10V) o Ube ava Uce ca tng n - Cc gi tr in p phi iu chnh tha mn cc thng s trong bng sau T1 T2 T3 Ube (v) 0.5 0.55 0.5 0.63 0.55 0.63 Uce (v) 7.5 8.3 3.8 4.2 3.8 4.5 - Sau khi lp xong mch ta o cc thng s 1 chiu v thu c kt qu nh sau : T1 T2 T3 Ube 0.7 0.7 0.8 Uce 8.3 2.8 5.0 - Ta nhn thy cc gi tr o cha t yu cu cn iu chnh li : - Ta c cng thc sau :

Ube = E Ib*Rb + Ie*Re (2) Ube = Upa-Ue (3) Uce = E Ic(Rc+Re) (4)

- T nhng cng thc trn ta c th bit cch iu chnh cc thng s Ube v Uce cho cc n bng cch ,nu mun thay i gi tr ca Ube th ta cn phi thay i gi tr Rb hoc Re (theo cng thc 2 ) ring vi n T1 ta c th iu chnh gi tr ca Rpa xc nh Ube, mun thay i gi tr Uce th ta cn thay i gi tr ca Rc,Re (theo cng thc 4) Ch : + y ta ln RE1 tng i ln trong gii hn cho php cng ln cng tt in p ra ca tn hiu ln. +Nguyn tc iu chnh l iu chnh Ube trc ri iu chnh n Uce b.) iu chnh ch xoay chiu - Sau khi iu chnh song ch 1 chiu cc gi tr in p trn cc n t yu cu ta tin hnh o ch xoay chiu.Ta s hn li ng hi tip dng (hn li t C2 ) v hn trit p vo ng v tr trn mch. - Bt osillocope ta gn 2 que o vo 2 u in tr Rra (gn ng chiu ) ,ta thy trn mn hinh osiloscope c 1 ng thng hoc xung vung (Hnh 4)

Hnh 4 Ta iu chnh trit p tn hiu c dng hnh Sin :

Hnh 5 - Ta thy in p ra l 2.4V in p nh nh ca tn hiu ra thp ?

- in p ny cha cao iu chnh tng in p ra ta iu chnh : +n T1 cho T1 lm vic ch khuch i Ube t gi tr thp nht c th (iu chnh R1),chn RE1 mc cao nht c th. +iu chnh n T2 Ube v Uce t gi tr ln nht c th(iu chnh R2 v RC2 ),chn RE2 c gi tr nh nht c th . +iu chnh n 3 sao cho Ube ca n 3 l ln nht c th (iu chnh R3). Mch khng c tn hiu xoay chiu m mch khng dao ng +Xem li cc t ni tng xem mc ng chiu hay cha ? +Kim tra li cc ng i dy v cc linh kin xem ng vi s lp rp hay cha ? +Kim tra li ng hi tip dng (Nu khng c ng hi tip dng th mch khng dao ng ) Tn s b sai hoc c sai s qu ln so vi l thuyt Ta cn iu chnh t C1 v t C2 in tr Rpa v Rph v xem li cc in p Uce v Ube ca cc n t yu cu hay cha ? VII. KT QA in p 1 chiu trn cc n : T1 T2 T3 Ube 0.52 0.6 0.58 Uce 8.1 3.9 4.4 Gi tr in p ra : U- = 2.5 V Sai s tn s l 12% VIII. KT LUN Em xin chn thnh cm n c hng dn tn tnh ch bo chng em gip chng em hon thnh tt ni dung ca bi thc tp ny ,

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