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( thi c 6 trang)
H v tn: S bo danh:
Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t :
H = 1; He=4; Li = 7; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P = 31; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Fe = 56;
Cu = 64; Zn = 65; As = 75 ; Br = 80; Rb = 85,5; Sr=88; Ag = 108;Sn = 119; Ba = 137.
P N CHI TIT S 2
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH:
Cu 1:Chn pht biu ng nht
A. Trong kh than kh, hm lng CO nhiu hn kh than t
B. Trong phng thi nghim, CO c iu ch bng cch thi CO
2
qua C nung nng trn ngn la n
cn
C. CO c thu bng cch y khng kh (p ngc bnh)
D. CO c dng lm nhin liu kh
Li gii.
A sai, v theo s liu c cho trong SGK, hm lng CO trong kh than t nhiu hn trong kh than kh.
B sai, trong phng th nghim, ngi ta iu ch CO bng cch nhit phn HCOOH.
C sai. Ta c CO = 28, ch hi nh hn khng kh, nn cch tt nht thu CO l y nc (CO khng tan trong
nc).
Chn p n D.
Cu 2: Oxi ha 38 gam hn hp propanal, ancol A no n chc bc 1 v este B (to bi mt axit ng ng
ca axit acrylic v ancol A) c hn hp X gm axit v este. Mt khc, cho lng X phn ng vi 0,5 lt
dung dch NaOH 1,5M th sau phn ng trung ha ht NaOH d cn 0,15 mol HCl c dung dch D. C cn
D c hi cht hu c E, cn li 62,775 gam hn hp mui. Cho E tch nc 140
o
C (
2 4
H SO c xc tc)
c F c t khi vi E l 1,61. A v B ln lt l:
A.
2 5
C H OH v
2 3 5 5
C H COOC H C.
3
CH OH v
4 7 3
C H COOCH
B.
3
CH OH
v
3 5 3
C H COOCH
D.
2 5
C H OH
v
4 7 2 5
C H COOC H

Li gii.
Ta nhn thy E chnh l ancol to este B. t CTPT ca E l ROH. Do 1, 61 1
F
E
M
M
= > nn F l ete, do
( )
2 5
2 16
1, 61 29
17
R
R C H
R
+
= =
+
. Vy E hay ancol A chnh l
2 5
C H OH . Loi p n B v C
- Gi x, y, z ln lt l s mol ca
2 5
, C H CHO
2 5
, C H OH
2 1 2 5 m m
C H COOC H

(Lu , do axit to thnh este l ng ng ca axit acrylic nn 3 m> )
Ta c 58 46 (72 14 ) 38 x y z m + + + =
- Oxi ha hn hp s to ra hn hp X gm x mol
2 5
, C H COOH y mol
3
, CH COOH z mol este
S mol NaOH phn ng vi hn hp sn phm: 0, 5.1, 5 0,15 0, 6( ) 0, 6
NaOH
n mol x y z = = + + = .
M THI ZKB 2012
DIN N BOXMATH.VN THI TH I HC NM 2012
BoxMath MN: HO HC
S II Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht
M thi ZKB 2012
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- C cn D s to ra x mol
2 5
, C H COONa y mol
3
, CH COONa z mol
2 1 m m
C H COONa

v 0,15 mol NaCl.

Suy ra 96 82 (66 14 ) 0,15.78, 5 64, 775 x y z m + + + + =
Nh vy ta c h 3 phng trnh:
38 58
58 46 (72 14 ) 38 (1) (1')
14
0, 6 (2) 38 (2')
96 82 (66 14 ) 0,15.5
x 46 72z
z
x 36 6z 16
0 8, 5 62, 775 (3) (3') , 6
m
y
y
x y z
x y z m
x y z
x y z m

+ =
+ + =

=

+ + + =

+ + =


+ + + + =

T (2) v (3) suy ra
2 17
36( ) 16 6 38( ) 36(0, 6 ) 16 6 38(0, 6 ) (*)
15 110
x y z x y z z z z + < + < + < + < < <
T (2) v (3) cng suy ra c
3, 4 22
21 2, 8
y z
x z
=

Thay vo (1), ta c
22 139
7z 7
m = . Thay (*) vo bt phng trnh trn suy ra: 0, 47 3,8 m < <

Suy ra 3. m = Chn p n A.
Bnh lun. T h phng trnh (1)(2)(3), ta c th da vo p n v th vi cc gi tr 3, 4. m = Vi trng
hp 4 m = ta tm c nghim m, loi. Do 3. m =

Cch khc: (langtu_117)
+ Ancol E tch nc 140
o
C thu c ete:
2 4
,
2
2
o
H SO t
ROH ROR H O +
2 5
2 16
1, 61 29 :
17
F
E
M R
R E C H OH
M R
+
= = =
+

+ Ta c:
0,15( ) ? 62, 775 58, 5.0,15 54( ) nNaCl nHCl mol m mu i cacboxylic g = = = =
NaOH
n phn ng vi cc cht trong X 1, 5.0, 5 0,15 0, 6( ) mol = =
+S :
2 5
2 5
2 1 2 5
( )
38( ) : ( )
( )
oxh
n n
C H CHO a mol
g C H OH b mol
C H COOC H c mol

2 5
(1:1)
3
2 1 2 5
( )
: ( )
( )
NaOH
n n
C H COOH a mol
X CH COOH b mol
C H COOC H c mol

2 5
3
2 1
( )
( )
( )
n n
C H COONa a mol
CH COONa b mol
C H COONa c mol

+ T , ta c h:
58 46 (14 72) 38
0, 6
96 82 (14 66) 54
a b n c
a b c
a b n c
+ + + =

+ + =

+ + + =

+ Gii h trn vi 4 ; 3 n n = = th ch thy 3 n = tha mn h c u nghim dng.
A




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Cu 3: Cho 9,6 gam kim loi R tc dng vi 500ml dung dch
3
HNO c mol/lt va , thu c 2,24 lt kh A
(l kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch B. C cn dung dch B thu c 59,2 gam mui khan. A khng th l kh
no sau y?
A.
2
N O B.
2
N C. NO D.
2
NO
Li gii.
Gi x v y ln lt l s mol ca
3
( )
n
R NO v
4 3
NH NO trong dung dch sau phn ng.
Ta c cc qu trnh oxi ha kh l
n
x nx
R R ne
+
+
5 5
.
k
k e N N
+ +
+
5 3
8 N e N
+
+
Gi
e
N l s mol electron m
3
HNO nhn to thnh 1 mol kh. D thy
e
N c th nhn cc gi tr l 1, 3,
8,10 ln lt tng ng vi cc kh
2 2 2
, , , NO NO N O N
Bo ton electron ta c: 8 0,1 (1)
e
xn y N = +
Khi lng ca kim loi v ca mui ln lt cho ta cc phng trnh l
9, 6 (2)
80 .62 59, 2 (3)
xR
xR y xn
=

+ + =

Thay (1) v (3) vo (2) ta c 9, 6 80 (8 0,1 )62 59, 2 576 6, 2 49, 6
e e
y y N y N + + + = + =
Suy ra 8.
e
N s Vy A khng th l
2
N . Chn p n B.
Cu 4: un nng hon ton 10 ancol n chc c khi lng 80g thu c hn hp 55g cc ete c s mol bng nhau
(hiu sut 80%). S mol ca mi ancol ban u l:
A. 0,1mol B. 0,2mol C. 0,05mol D. 0,125mol

V cc ete c s mol bng nhau nn cc ancol cng c s mol bng nhau
80*0.8 64( )
ancolpu
m g = =

2 2
64 55 9( ) 0.5( )
H O H O
BTKL m g n mol => = = => =

2
0.5*2
2 0.1
10
ancol H O moiancol
n n n = => = =
V H=80% nn ( ) 0,125 n mol =
Cu 5: in phn 500ml dung dch ( )
3
3
Fe NO a(M) vi in cc tr cho n kh c bt kh xut hin c 2 in cc
th ngng in phn. yn h thng in phn cho n khi khi lng catot khng i th thy thot ra 3,36 (l) kh
(ktc) khng mu ho nu trong khng kh. Gi tr ca a l:
A. 0,3M B. 0,4M C. 0,2M D. 0,15M
Li gii:
( )
3 2 2 3
3
3 3
3
2 4
Fe NO H O Fe O HNO + + +
x(mol) x 3x
Xt na phn ng:



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3 2
4 3 2 H NO e NO H O
+
+ + +
3x(mol) ( )
3
4
x
mol
Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( )
3
0,15 0, 2 0, 4
4
x
mol x mol a M = = =
Cu 6 : Chiu gim dn nhit si ca cc cht : etanol (1), glyxin(2), acid etanoic (3), phenol (4), acid metanoic (5)
l :
A. 2 5 3 4 1 > > > > B. 5 3 2 4 1 > > > > C. 5 3 4 2 1 > > > > D . 3 2 5 4 1 > > > >
Li gii:
Glyxin l amono acid, l cht rn kt tinh do nhit nng chy, nhit si ca n ln nht.
Th t ng l 2 5 3 4 1 > > > >
Cu 7 : Trong s cc cht sau : anilin, phenol, nitrobenzen, metyl phenyl ete, phenyl bromua, toluen, benzandehit, acid
benzoic, phenyl axetat. S cht khi tc dng vi
2 3
/ Cl FeCl (t l 1 :1) ch cho mt sn phm duy nht l :
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
Li gii:
Khi tc dng vi
2 3
/ Cl FeCl th l phn ng cng vo nhn benzen.
V cng vo v tr meta th mi cho mt sn phm duy nht.
Cc cht : nitrobenzen, benzandehit, acid benzoic, phenyl axetat.
Cu 8 : Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm gm
3 4
Fe O v Al. Sau phn ng xy ra hon ton, nghin hn hp sau phn
ng thnh bt mn ri chia thnh 2 phn :
Phn 1 : Cho tc dng vi NaOH d thu c 6,72 (l) kh (ktc) v cht rn cn li c khi lng bng
13
6
khi lng
phn 1.
Phn 2 : cho tc dng vi
3
HNO d thu c 10,08 (l) hn hp kh gm
2
N Ov NO c t khi so vi H
2
l
3
59
. Khi
lng ca hn hp ban u l :
A. 93,17g B. 86,72g C. 90,23g D. Kt qu khc.
Li gii:
V khi ho tan vo NaOH thot kh chng t Al d.
Phn 1: Al d: ( )
Al
n y mol =
Phn ng:
3 4 2 3
8 3 4 9 Al Fe O Al O Fe + +
8
3
x
x
4
3
x
3x (mol)
Ta c:
56.3 6
0, 45
4
13
27 102. 56.3
3
x
x y
x
y x
= =
+ +

Vi y=0,2(mol) th x= 0,09(mol)
Phn 2:
0, 45 0,182
9 3 0, 95.3 0, 404
a b a
x b b
= =

+ = =

.
Suy ra ( ) ( ) ( )
8
232 0, 09 0,182 27 0, 404 0, 2 98, 996
3
m a x g
| |
= + + + + + =
|
\ .

Cu 9: Dung dch X gm HF C(M) v NaF 3C (M). in li ca HF trong dung dch X 25
o
C l 3,2%. in
ly tng 5 ln th cn phi pha long dung dch i bao nhiu ln:
A. 5 B. 6 C.7 D. 8
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Trang 5
Li gii:
NaF Na F
+
+
2 3
HF H O H O F
+
+ +
3C C C C C C
( )
( )
3
1
a
C C C
K
C

+
=

.
Gi k l pha long, ta c:
.5 3
[ ]
C C
F
k

+
= ;
.5
[ ]
C
H
k

+
= ;
.5
[ ]
C C
HF
k

= .
( )
( )
( ) .5 3 .5 . 3
.5
a
C C C C C C
K
k C C C C


+ +
= =


( )( )
( )( )
5 1 5 3
6
1 5 3
k


+
= =
+


Cu 10: t chy hon ton 21,6g hn hp A gm
2
FeS v CuS thu c cht rn B v 6,72 (l) kh mi hc X. Dn CO
(d) qua B nung nng thu c C, ho tan C trong
3
HNO c, t
o
, d thu c kh Y. Trn ton b X v Y li vi nhau
thu c Z. Dn Z qua 11 (l) dung dch
2 2
H O 0,17% (d=1,2g/ml) thu c dung dch D. Cho mt lng d
Kalidicromat vo D thu c V (l) kh T. ( Cc kh u o ktc v th tch dung dch khng i). pH ca dung dch D
v V c gi tr l:
A. 2 v 2,464 (l) B. 1 v 1,232 (l) C. 1 v 2,464 (l) D. 2 v 1,232 (l)
Li gii:
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
2 2
uS
0,1
0, 3 ; 0, 5
0,1
FeS
SO NO
C
n mol
n mol n mol
n mol
=

= =

.
Hn hp Z gm ( ) ( )
2 2
0, 3 ; 0, 5
SO NO
n mol n mol = = .
( )
2 2
0, 66
H O
n mol =
Cc phn ng xy ra:
2 2 2 2 4
H O SO H SO +
2 2 2 3
2 2 H O NO HNO +
0,3 0,3 0,3 (mol) 0,25 0,5 0,5 (mol)
D: ( )
2 2
0,11
H O
n mol =
( ) 0, 5 0, 3.2 1,1
H
n mol
+
= + =

suy ra [ ] 0,1 1 H M pH
+
= = .
S mol kh: ( ) ( )
2
0,11 2, 464
O
n mol V l = =

Li gii:
S mol e n v:
10.2123
0, 22
96500
e
n mol = = ,
4
uS
0,1
C O
n mol =
Catot:
2
2 Cu e Cu
+
+
2 2
2 2 2 H O e OH H

+ +
0,1mol 0,2mol 0,02mol 0,02mol
Anot:
2 2
2 4 4 H O O H e
+
+ +
0,22mol 0,22mol
Cu 11: in phn 200ml
4
uS C O 0,5M v
2 4
Na SO 0,1M vi in cc tr, H=100%, cng 10A trong 35 pht 23
giy. Dung dch sau phn ng c kh nng ho tan ti a m(g)
3 4
Fe O . Gi tr ln nht ca m l:
A. 5,8g B. 6,38g C. 6,96g D. 6,496g
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Trang 6
3 4
0, 2 0, 025 5, 8
8
H
Fe O
H
n
n mol n m g
+
+
= = = =

Cu 12: Cho cc nhn xt sau:
1. Nc gia-ven c dng ph bin hn Clorua vi.
2. iu ch nc gia-ven trong cng nghip bng cch p dung dch NaCl khng c mng ngn.
3. Ozon c nhiu ng dng: ty trng, du n, cha su rng, st trng nc,
4. Acid sunfuric c dng nhiu nht trong tt c cc acid v c.
5. Thuc u que dim c cha Kaliclorat.
6. Dung dch ho tan kh hidro sunfua va c tnh oxi ho, va c tnh kh.
7. Trong pentan-1,2-dien c 5 nguyn t ccbon trng thi lai ho
2
sp .
S nhn nh khng chnh xc l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

Cu 13: Cho cc nhn xt sau.
1.
2
SiO l oxit axit, d tan trong kim nng chy v khng tan trong axit.
2. Vi hoc g tm thu tinh lng (Hn hp Kalisilicat v Natrisilicat) s kh b chy.
3. C 4 cht hu c mch h c cng thc
2 2 n
C H O tc dng vi ( ) ( )
3
2
[ ] OH Ag NH sinh ra kt ta.
4. iu ch etanol t butan cn ti thiu 2 phn ng.
5.
2 3 2 3
, , ZnO Al O Cr O l cc cht lng tnh nn u d tan trong dung dch kim long.
6. Trong mng tinh th kim loi ch c cc nguyn t kim loi cc nt mng tinh th.
7. C 3 cng thc cu to ca hp cht l ng phn ca Toluen tham gia phn ng vi ( ) ( )
3
2
[ ] OH Ag NH .
S nhn xt ng l:
A. 4 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5
Li gii:
1. Sai.
2 4 2
4 iF 2 SiO HF S H O + +
2.
3. .
2 2
, , OO OO , OO C H HOC CHO H C C H HCOO C H
4. .
4
4 10 2 3 2 3 3 2
5
2 ,
2
LiAlH
C H O CH COOH H O CH COOH CH CH OH + +
5. S.
2 3
Cr O khng tan trong kim long.
6. S. Ngoi nguyn t kim loi cn c cc ion kim loi.
7. S. C 4 CT:

( )
( )
( )
2 2 2
2 3
3
2
3 2
2
HC C CH CH CH C CH
HC C CH CH CH C CH
HC C C CH C CH
CH CH CH C CH





Cu 14: t cht hon ton hn hp X gm amoniac, metylamin, imetylamin, etylmetylamin bng mt lng khng
kh va sau dn ton b sn phm qua bnh ng
2 5
PO d th thy khi lng bnh tng 11,52g v thot ra 75,264
(l) kh (ktc). Nu ly ton b X trn tc dng vi
2 4
H SO d th khi lng mui to ra l:
A. 50g. B. 60g C. 16,16g D. 24g
Li gii:
X c CT chung
2 3 n n
C H N
+
:
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Trang 7
2 3 2 2 2 2
2 3 2 3 1
4 2 2
n n
n n
C H N n O nCO H O N
+
+ + | |
+ + + +
|
\ .

a
2 3
.
4
n
a n
+ | |
+
|
\ .
an
2 3
.
2
n
a
+ | |
|
\ .

2
a
(mol)
Ta c:
2 3 3
. 0, 64 0, 64
2 2
n a
a mol an
+ | |
= + =
|
\ .
(1)
Kh thot gm c oxi v nito.
2 3 75, 264 7
4 . 3, 36 7 3, 36
4 2 22, 4 2
n a a
a n an mol an
+ | |
+ + + = = + =
|
\ .
(2).
Gii h gm 1 v 2: a=0,16 v an=0,4 2, 5 n = .
2 1 2 2 4 2 1 3 4 n n n n
C H NH H SO C H NH HSO
+ +
+ ( V acid d nn to mui acid).
0,4 0,4 (mol)
0, 4.52 0, 4.98 60
muoi
m g = + =
Cu 15: Nhit phn hon ton a mol
3
BaCO v b mol
3
CaCO . Cho cht rn thu c vo c mol HCl thu c dung
dch A. Cho kh
2
CO thu c t vic nung hp th hon ton vo dung dch A thu c m(g) kt
ta. Ly ton b kt ta em nung hon ton trong khng kh th thu c V (l) kh (ktc). Biu thc lin h ng l:
A. ( ) V 22, 4 2a 2b c = + B. ( ) V 11, 2 2a 2b c = +
C. ( ) V 22, 4 a b c = + D. ( ) V 11, 2 2a 2b c = +
Li gii:
3 2
MCO MO CO +
2 2
2 MO HCl MCl H + +
( ) a b mol +
2
c
c (mol).
V to ra kt ta HCl ht.
2 2
( ) MO H O M OH + ( ) 2
OH
n a b c

= +

2
c
a b +
Hp th kh. ( ) ( ) 2
3 3
,
CO HCO
n x mol n y mol

= =
( ) 2 2
x y a b
x a b c
x y a b c y c
+ = + = +


+ = + =

Nung:
2
3 2
CO CO

( ) ( ) 22, 4 V a b c l = +

Cu 16: t chy hon ton 0,15 mol triglixerit A thu c 376,2g
2
CO v 135g
2
H O. Tnh ch s iot ca X. (Ch s
iot ca mt cht bo l s gam iot phn ng vi tt c nt i c trong 100g A).
A. 86,59 B. 12,99 C. 10,83 D. Kt qu khc.
Li gii:
2 2
8, 55 , 7, 5
CO H O
n mol n mol = =
8, 55.12 7, 5.2 0,15.16.6 132 880
A C H O A
m m m m g M = + + = + + = =
( )
( )
1 3 17 31
1 2 3
2 17 33
235
880 41 44.3 707
237
R R C H
R R R
R C H
= =

+ + = =

=

Nh vy: ( )
2
0,15. 2 2 1 0, 45
I
n mol = + + =

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Trang 8
Ch s iot:
0, 45.254.100
86, 59
132
n = =




Cu 17: Cho cc phn ng sau:
1.
2 2
SO H S + 2.
2 2 3 2 4
Na S O H SO + 3.
3
FeCl HI +
4.
2 2
Cl H S + 5.
2 2 2
H O KNO + 6.
3
O Ag +
7.
2
Mg CO + 8.
3
KClO HCl + 9.
3
NH Cu +
10. ( ) ( )
3 3
2
[ ] HCOOCH Ag NH OH + 11.
2 3
2 5
450
o
Al O
C
C H OH
12.
2 2
F H O + 13.
3
KNO C S + + 14. ( )
3 4 2
2
Ca PO SiO C + +
15.
2 3
FeCl AgNO +
S trng hp to ra n cht l:
A.11 B. 13 C. 15 D. 14

Cu 18: t chy hon ton 0,336 (l) mt ankadien lin hp X sau tip tc dn sn phm chy qua 400ml dung dch
( )
2
Ba OH 0,15M thu c 8,865g kt ta. Cng thc ca X l:
A.
3 4
C H B.
4 6
C H C.
5 8
C H D.
3 4
C H v
5 8
C H
Li gii:
( )
3
0, 045
BaCO
n mol = .
Ch to mui trung ho tm ra X l
3 4
C H (loi)
To 2 mui: ( )
2
0, 075
CO
n mol =

tm ra X l
5 8
C H

Cu 19: Cho cc cht: Bc axetilua, metan, 1,2-dicloetan, Canxi cacbua, propan, etyl clorua, metanol, etanol, nhm
cacbua. S cht u iu ch ra etanal bng 2 phn ng ho hc l:
A.5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8
Li gii:
2 2 2 2 3
4 2 2 3
2 2 2 2 3
2 2 2 3
3 8 2 4 3
2 5 2 4 3
2 5 2 4 3
Ag C C H CH CHO
CH C H CH CHO
CH Cl CH Cl C H CH CHO
CaC C H CH CHO
C H C H CH CHO
C H Cl C H CH CHO
C H OH C H CH CHO








Cu 20: Ho tan hon ton hn hp 9,75g Zn, 2,7g Al vo 200ml dung dch cha ng thi
3
HNO 1,5M, HCl 1M v
2 4
H SO 1,25M thu c sn phm kh duy nht l NO. Khi lng cht rn sau khi c cn l:
A. 46,4g B. 36,45g C. 42,75g D. Kt qu khc.
Li gii:
( ) ( ) 0,15 ; 0,1
Zn Al
n mol n mol = =
( ) ( )
3
1 ; 0, 3
H NO
n mol n mol
+
= =

Khi phn ng xong th d: ( ) ( )
3
0, 2 ; 0,1
H NO
n mol n mol
+
= = .
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 9
Ta l khi c cn th HCl b bay hi.
Nh vy khi lng cht rn l: ( ) 9, 75 2, 7 0,1.62 96.0, 25 42, 65 m g = + + + =
Cu 21: Hn hp X gm 2 este n chc. Cho 0,5 mol X vo dung dch ( ) ( )
3
2
[ ] Ag NH OH d thu c 43,2g Ag.
Cho 14,08g X tc dng vi KOH va thu c hn hp 2 mui ca 2 acid ng ng lin tip v 8,256g hn hp 2
ancol n chc, ng ng lin tip. S lng X thoa mn yu cu bi ton l:
A. 2 B. 3 C. 5 D. 4
Li gii:
V X phn ng c vi ( ) ( )
3
2
[ ] Ag NH OH do trong X c HCOOR v este kia l
'
3
OOR CH C
D dng tnh ra:
( )
( )
1 2
'
3
: 0, 2
OO
OO : 0, 3
HCOOR mol
RC R
CH C R mol

vi
1
0, 2.1 0, 3.15
9, 4
0, 5
R
+
= =
Tip theo:
2
2 2
14, 08 8, 256
34, 6
53, 4 17
R
R R
= =
+ +

Nh vy 2 ancol l ( ) ( )
2 5 3 7
1 & 2 C H OH CTCT C H OH CTCT
Nh vy X c th l:
2 5 2 5
3 3 7 3 7
:
;
OO: is
HCOO C H C H
CH C n C H o C H




v i li.
Cu 22: X c cng thc phn t
4 8 2
C H O , mch thng v tho mn cc tnh cht sau:
- X lm mt mu dung dch brom.
- 4,4g X+ Na d sinh ra 0,56 (l)
2
H
- Oxi ho X bng CuO,
o
t to ra Y a chc.
CTCT ca X l:
A.
3 2
CH CH COCHO B. ( )
2
CH CH CH OH CHO =
C. ( )
2
3
HO CH CHO D. ( )
2 3
HO CH CH CH CHO
p n C.
Cu 23: A l hn hp gm 2 este n chc ( )
1 2 1 2
, , X X X X < l ng ng ca nhau c t l mol tng ng l 1:2.
Hn hp 24,4g A c s mol cc i. (C
1 2
, X X u lm mt mu nc brom). Nu ly mt cht
3
X l ng phn ca
1
X ( c khi lng bng khi lng ca
1
X trong A) em tc dng vi ( )
3 2
[ ( ) ] Ag NH OH th lng kt ta ln nht
c th to ra l:
A. 43,2g B. 21,6g C. 36,856g D. 64,8g
Li gii:
S mol ca hn hp:
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 1
m m m m
n
X X X X a
= + = +
+
vi
1 2
, , m m a l cc hng s.
D thy hm s trn nghch bin do ta tm c
( )
1 2
2 3
: : 0,1
:
X HCOOCH CH mol
X HCOOCH CH CH
=

Cht X
3
m to kt ta ln nht l
2
4 HOC CH CHO Ag
( ) 0, 4.108 43, 2 m g = = .
Cu 24: pH ca dung dch acid HA 0,226% trong nc l 2,536. Pha long dung dch trn 2 ln th pH ca dung dch l
2,692. Hng s acid
A
K ca HA l:
A.
5
2, 6.10

B.
4
1, 83.10

C.
5
4,88.10

D.
4
6, 41.10

http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 10
Li gii:
2 3
HA H O H O A
+
+ +
2,536
10 C


2,536
10

2,536
10

2.2,536 2.2,692
2,536
2,692
10 10
0, 0492
10
10
2
a
K C
C
C

= = =

4
1,83.10
a
K

=
Cu 25: Tng h s nguyn nh nht ca cc phn t v ion trong phn ng sau l:
( )
2 2 2
3 4 2
4
[ ] Hg SCN IO Cl H ICl SO Hg H O HCN
+ +
+ + + + + + +
A. 30 B. 38 C. 34 D. 40
Li gii:
Ta c:
( )
2 6 2
4
[ ] 4 4 4 24 Hg SCN H S Hg HCN e
+ + +
+ + + + (x1)
5 1
3 2
4 I O Cl H e I Cl H O
+ + +
+ + + + (x6)
Cng 2 phng trnh li c:
( )
2 2 2
3 4 2
4
[ ] 6 6 8 6 4 2 4 Hg SCN IO Cl H ICl SO Hg H O HCN
+ +
+ + + + + + +
Cu 26: St tn ti di dng ( )
3
2
Fe HCO trong ngun cung cp cho cc nh my nc, cch tin hnh thu c
nhiu Fe nht (kinh t nht) l :
A. dng NaOH B. Sc khng kh (
2
O )
C. Nc vi D. Dng kh Clo

Cu 27: Cho m(g) hn hp gm M, MO, Al vo nc d, sau phn ng thu c 3,024 (l) kh (ktc); 0,54g cht rn
khng tan v dung dch A. Rt 110ml dung dch HCl 1M vo A thu c 5,46g kt ta. Nu cho m(g) hn hp trn
vo
3
, HNO c, nng, d th s mol
3
HNO phn ng l:
A. 0,71 mol. B. 0,72 mol. C. 0,5 mol. D. 0,68 mol.
Li gii:
( ) 0, 02
Al
n mol =
( )
2 2
3
H O AlO H Al OH
+
+ +
x x x (mol)
( )
3
2
3
3 3 Al OH H Al H O
+ +
+ +
(x-0,07) 3(x-0,07) (mol)
Ta c: ( ) 4 0, 21 0,11 0, 08 x x mol = =
( )
2 2
2
2 M H O M OH H + +
a a a (mol)
( )
2 2
4
2 2 6 2[ ] 3 OH Al H O Al OH H

+ + +
2(a+b) 2(a+b) 3(a+b) (mol)
Ta c:
2 2 0, 08 0, 015
4 3 0,135 0, 025
a b a
a b b
+ = =

+ = =


( ) ( )
3
6. 4. 2 6 2 2 0, 02 4 2 0, 71
HNO M MO
Al
n n n n a b a b mol = + + = + + + + =

Cu 28: Hn hp X gm trimetyl amin v 2 hidrocacbon ng ng lin tip. t chy hon ton 100ml X bng oxi
va thu c 550ml hn hp Y gm kh v hi nc. Dn Y qua
2 5
PO d thy cn li 200ml kh thot ra (o cng
iu kin). Cng thc ca hai hidrocacbon l:
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 11
A.
4 2 6
& CH C H B.
2 4 3 6
& C H C H C.
2 6 3 8
& C H C H D.
3 6 4 8
& C H C H
Li gii:
t ( ) ( )
3 9
: & :
n m
C H N x ml C H y ml
Ta c h:
100
3 200 3 200 2
2
4, 5 350
x y
x
x ny x ny C
x my
+ =

+ + = + < <

+ =

Chn A.
Cu 29: in phn
( )
3
2, 5 m NaCl 1,1367% c d= 1,17g/ml (in cc tr) nhit thp, khuy u cc sn phm
phn ng vi nhau trong qu trnh in phn. Sau mt thi gian ngng in phn. Ly ra mt mu 100 ml dung dch,
thm vo lng d KI v dung dch
2 4
H SO long. Lng
2
I thot ra phn ng ht vi 40 ml dung dch
2 2 3
Na S O
0,5M. Khi lng mui to thnh trong dung dch sau in phn l:
A. 34,052kg B. 35,520kg C. 36,25kg D. 37,250kg
Li gii:
Ta c:
2 2 2 3 2 4 6
2 2 I Na S O NaI Na S O + +
0,01 0,02 (mol)
2 2
2 ClO I H Cl I H O
+
+ + + +
0,01 0,01 (mol)
Trong
3
2, 5m th 250( )
NaClO NaCl
n n mol = =
D 68, 35( )
NaCl
n mol =
Khi lng mui 37, 25( ) m kg =
Cu 30: Thy phn hon ton 68,4 gam saccarozo trong mi trng axit, thu c dung dch X. Cho ton b dung dch
X phn ng ht vi lng d dung dch ( ) ( )
3
2
[ ] Ag NH OH , un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 86,3 g B. 86,4 g C. 86,5 g D. 86, 6 g.

Cu 31: Lng ho cht ti thiu dng nhn bit cc dung dch sau l bao nhiu:
3 2 3 2 2 3 3
, , , , , , , , AgNO MgCl FeCl FeCl KOH CuCl NaNO AlCl HBr
A. 1 B. 2 C.3 D. Khng cn dng thm
Li gii:
Dng qu tm.
Nhn ra KOH i mu xanh,
3
NaNO khng i mu. Cn li i mu .
Dng KOH nhn ra:
3
AgNO xut hin kt ta en khi trong khng kh.
3
AlCl xut hin kt ta keo ri tan.
2
CuCl xut hin kt ta xanh lam.
3
FeCl xut hin kt ta nu .
2
FeCl xut hin kt ta ho nu khi trong khng kh.
2
MgCl kt ta trng.
Cu 32: C 6 dung dch ng trong cc l mt nhn v c nh s t 1 n 6 (khng theo th t).
( ) ( ) ( )
4 4 2 3 3 2 3
2 2 2
, , , , , NaOH NH SO Na CO Ba NO CaCl Pb NO . Thc hin cc th nghim v nhn thy rng:
- Dung dch 2 to kt ta vi 1, 3, 4.
- Dung dch 5 to kt ta vi 1, 3, 4.
- Dung dch 2 khng to kt ta vi 5
- Dung dch 1 khng to kt ta vi 3, 4.
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 12
- Dung dch 6 khng phn ng vi 5.
- Cho dung dch 3 vo 6 thy xut hin kt ta. Lc th kt ta tan.
Ly 100g dung dch 5 c nng 21,2% ri sc 1 lng kh
2
CO vo thu c dng dch A. Cho t t 0,25mol HCl
vo dung dch A thy thot ra 2,24 (l) kh (ktc). Xc nh th tch kh hp th:
A. 2,24 (l) B. 1,12 (l) C. 3,36(l) D. 4,48(l)
Li gii:
Ta tm ra c dung ch 5 l
2 3
Na CO .
( )
2 3
0, 2
Na CO
n mol =
2 2 3 2 3
2 CO Na CO H O NaHCO + +
x x 2x (mol)
2 3 3
Na CO HCl NaCl NaHCO + +
0,2-x 2-x 0,2-x (mol)
3 2 2
NaHCO HCl NaCl H O CO + + +
x- 0,05 (mol) x-0,05 (mol)
( ) ( ) 0,15 3,36 x mol V l = = .
Cu 33: Thc hin cc th nghim vi mt cht X nh sau:
- t chy hon ton X thu c
2
CO v
2
H O c t l khi lng tng ng l 132:63
- X phn ng vi NaOH v HCl iu kin thng u vi t l mol 1:1
- X phn ng vi NaOH d thu c cht lng hu c Y. Nung Y cng vi acid sunfuric c nng ch thu c mt
sn phm hu c duy nht.
T X ngi ta iu ch mt cht Z c M=74. Bit Z phn ng c vi ( ) ( )
3
2
, ,[ ] Na NaOH Ag NH OH .
S phn ng ti thiu m t X iu ch c Z l:
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
Li gii:
Ta tm c X c cng thc
3 7 2
C H O N .
Cng thc cu to ca X l:
2 2 3
OO H N CH C CH .
Cht Z c cng thc OO HOC C H
Qu trnh iu ch
2
2 2 3 2 2 2
OO OO OOH OOH
HNO H CuO
H N CH C CH H N CH C H HOCH C HOC C
+

Cu 34: Cho cc nhn nh sau:
a. Phn ng cng HBr vo
2
OO CH CH C H = sn phm chnh l
3
OO CH CHBr C H .
b. Oxi ho etylen bng oxi vi xc tc l Ag thu c sn phm c th trng hp to ra polime.
c. nhit cao, phn ng gia buta-1,3-ien vi HCl u tin cng 1-4
d. Cc nguyn t cacbon trong benzen, buta-1,3-ien, cyclopentan u cng nm trn mt mt phng.
e. Menton, mentol l nhng dn xut ca tecpen c th dng cha bnh.
f. nhit thp, phn ng gia but-2-in v Brom (d) to ra dn xut tetrabrom.
g. Glicogen v nha rezit u c cu trc mng khng gian.
h. Sn phm thu phn poly (vinyl clorua) dng lm keo dn.
i. C glyxin v sn phm ca n khi phn ng vi ( )
2 4
NaNO NaHSO + u c th trng ngng to ra polime.
S nhn nh khng chnh xc l:
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

Cu 35 : Hin tng no di y khng chnh xc.
A. Cho NaOH vo dung dch
3
CrBr n d thu c dung dch mu xanh lam v nu thi kh oxi d vo th thy dung
dch chuyn sang mu vng.
B. Dn kh CO qua bt s ng anhirit cromit nung nng th thy cht rn chuyn t mu sang lc.
C. Cho Zn vo dung dch HCl d thu c lng kh nhiu hn khi cho lng Zn nh trn (c thm mt t Cu) vo
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 13
dung dch HCl d. (H=100%)
D. Ag trong khng kh lu ngy thy cht rn chuyn sang mu en.

Cu 36 : Thc hin s phn ng sau :

A
1 1 1
A
B C B
+


2 2
B C
Bit
2
C l mui ca Ag vi nguyn t nhm VII, tan c trong nc.
Trong
2
B , nguyn t trung tm c s oxi ho l:
A. 0 B.
1
2
+ B. 2 + C.
3
2
+
Cht
2
B l
2
OF
Cu 37: Hn hp A gm 0,03mol hn hp 2 cht ( ) ( )
2
OO
x y
H N R C H ( x 3y = v gc R c 2 v + s ) v este no
n chc mch h. t chy hon ton A thu c 0,05mol
2
CO v 0,07 mol
2
H O. Cho ton b A trn phn ng vi
2
HNO d thu c V (l) kh. Gi tr ln nht ca V l:
A. 5,376 (l) B. 6,72 (l) C. 5,6 (l) D. 6,272 (l)
Li gii:
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
OO ; 2
n n k x y
x y
H N C H C H k
+
s .
Hay
2 2 2 2 n y n k x x y
C H N O
+ + +

( )
2 2
1 1 1 0
2 2 2
H O CO
x x y
n n n k n y k y k = + + + = + = + >
0, 07 0, 05
ax 1- k+ min
2
1
2
X
y
n m
y
k

=
+
1 1 1
2 2
y y
k + > > (chn y=4).
( ) 0, 02
X
n mol = .
( )
2 2
12
12 H N N
0,02 0,24 (mol) ( ) 5, 376 V l = .
Cu 38: Nhit phn 50,56g
4
KMnO sau mt thi gian thu c 46,72g cht rn. Cho ton b kh sinh ra phn ng ht
vi hn hp X gm Mg, Fe thu c hn hp Y nng 13,04g. Ho tan hon ton Y trong
2 4
H SO c, nng d, thu
c 1,344 (l) kh (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca Mg trong X l:
A. 52,17 % B. 39,13% C. 28,15% D. 46,15%
Li gii:
( )
2
0,12
O
n mol =
H
24 56 32.0,12 13, 04 0,15
2 3 0,12.4 0, 06.2 0,1
x y x
x y y
+ + = =

+ = + =






Cu 39: Mt ancol no a chc X c s nhm OH bng s nguyn t C. Trong X hidro chim xp x 10%. un X vi
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 14
xc tc thch hp loi nc thu c Y m 18
Y X
M M = . Nhn nh chnh xc nht l:
A. T khi ca Y so vi X l 0,8 B. X l glyxerol
C. Y l andehit acrylic D. Y l etanal.

Cu 40: Hn hp A gm 0,1 mol
2 2
C H , 0,15 mol buta-1,3-dien, 0,1 mol cyclopropan, 0,25 mol metylcyclopropan; 0,2
mol but-1,2,3-trien; 0,15 mol andehit axetic tc dng vi 1 mol
2
H . Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn
hp B. Dn B qua dung dch ( ) ( )
3
2
[ ] Ag NH OH d thu c 22,8g kt ta v thy thot ra 19,04 (l) hn hp kh C
(ktc) c t khi so vi hidro l
444
17
. Nu dn ton b C qua brom d th s mol
2
Br phn ng l:
A. 0,45 mol B. 0,35 mol C. 0,3 mol D. 0,25 mol
Li gii:
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng :
( ) 47, 9
B
m g =
( ) 44, 4
C
m g = .
Khi lng b hp th l 3,5 g.
( )
240 216 22,8
0, 05
26 44 3, 5
x y
x y mol
x y
+ =
= =

+ =

Nh vy b cc kh hp th ra th
Tng s lin kt trong A l: 1,45 (mol)
S lin kt b bo ho l 1(mol)
Cn li 0,45 (mol)
( ) 0, 45 n mol = .
II. PHN RING (Th sinh ch c chn mt trong hai phn).
1. Theo chng trnh chun (T cu 41 n cu 50).
Cu 41: A l mt amino acid thin nhin v l mt trong cc amino acid cu to nn protein ca chng ta. Bit A phn
ng vi NaOH v HCl u theo t l mol 1: 1. t chy hon ton 4,45g A thu c 3,36 (l) kh
2
CO . Tn bn h thng
ca A l:
A. Acid 2-aminopropanoic B. Acid - -aminopropionic.
C. Alanin D. Acid 3 aminopropanoic

Cu 42: Cho cc cht sau:
3 2
, , , KNO HCl MnO Zn. S cht kh ti a c th to ra t cc cht trn l:
A. 5 B. 7 C. 9 D. Kt qu khc.
Li gii:
Cc kh to ra:
2 2 3 2 2 2 4
, , , , , , , , , H Cl HCl NH N NO N O NO NO NH Cl .
Cu 43: Cho hn hp X gm cc kim loi , , , , Zn Cr Fe Cu Ag . Nung A trong kh quyn oxi thu c hn hp A. Ho
tan A trong HBr d thu c dung dch B v cht rn C. Ly C nung trong khng kh thu c D. Cho KOH d vo B
sau sc kh
2
O d vo thu c dung dch E, kt ta F. Nung F trong khng kh thu c cht rn G. em c cn
cn thn dung dch E thu c cht rn khan H. Tng s lng ln nht cc cht c trong D, G v H l:
A. 8 B 9 C. 6 D. Kt qu khc.
Li gii:
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 15
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 3
2
2 2 2
3
2 4
3
2
dd
, , kim loai
, , ZnO,CrO,Fe ,
KOH
O HBr
x y
kk
CuO
KOH
Fe O
Cu OH
KBr
B
Zn Cr
Cu OH
K ZnO
Fe OH
Fe Cu O CuO
K CrO
Fe OH
Ag
Ag
Ag
Ag C
Ag S

Ti a 10 cht.
Cu 44: Cho cc cht sau: metyl phenyl ete, anilin, metanal, glyxerol, sacarozo, matozo, glyxylalanylglyxin.
Nu ch cho php dng mt thuc th duy nht th s cht ti a c th nhn bit c l:
A. 7 B. 6 C. 5 D. 4
Dng ( )
2
/ Cu OH OH

Cu 45: Crackinh mt lng pentan thu c hn hp X gm
5 12 5 10 5 8 5 6 2
, , , , C H C H C H C H H . T khi ca X so vi
hidro l 14,4. Nu cho 0,6 mol X qua dung dch brom d th s mol
2
Br phn ng l:
A. 0,36 mol B. 0,45 mol. C. 0,6 mol. D. 0,8 mol.
Li gii:
1. (baodung87)
t s mol lc u l 1
ta c
72 .28,8
s
n = =>
2
2, 5 1, 5
s H
n n = => =
trong 0,6 mol X th c 0,36 mol
2
H m
2 2
0, 36
H Br
n n = = chn A
2.(tkboxmath)
BKTL
5 12 5 12 2 2

14.4*2*0.6
0.24( ) 0.6 0.24 0.36
72
C H bd X C H bd kh tang H Br
m m n mol n n n => = => = = => = = = =
3. (F7T7)
C th t X thnh hn hp ca
5 12 2k
C H

v
2
H
T
5 1 5 12 2 2
2
k
C H C H kH

+ v p dng BTKL ta c
5.12 12
14, 4.2 1, 5
1
k
k
+
= =
+

Vy 0,6 mol X c 0,24 mol hidrocacbon
Phng trnh
5 12 2 2
...?
k
C H kBr

+
Suy ra
2
. 1, 5.0, 24 0, 36( )
Br hica
n k n mol = = =
Cu 46: Ho tan hon ton 1,62 gam nhm vo 280 ml dung dch
3
HNO 1M thu c dung dch A v kh NO (sn
phm kh duy nht). Mt khc, cho 7,35 gam hai kim loi kim thuc hai chu k lin tip vo 500 ml dung dch HCl,
thu c dung dch B v 2,8 (l) kh
2
H (ktc). Khi trn dung dch A vo dung dch B thy to thnh 1,56 gam kt ta.
Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch HCl dng:
A. 0,3M B. 0, 4M C. 0, 5M D. 0,6M
Li gii:
( )
( ) 0, 25
HCl
OH
n x mol
n x mol

=
=

http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 16
Khi phn ng vi
3
HNO xong ( ) ( ) 3
0, 06 ; 0, 04
Al H
n mol n mol
+ +
= =
Phn ng trung ho xy ra xong th ( ) ( ) ( ) 0, 21 0, 02.3 0,15 0, 3
M
OH
n x mol x mol C M

= = = = .
Trng hp kia loi v cho nghim m.
Cu 47: Cho axit cacboxylic no, mch h cha n nguyn t C v a nhm COOH (A). trung ho 5,2
gam axit A trn cn dng 16ml dung dch NaOH 20% (d = 1,25g/ml). Tm biu thc lin h gia a v n:
A. 4a 7n 1 = + B. a 7n 11 = + C. 7a 11n 1 = + D. 11a 7n 1 = +
Li gii:
Cng thc ca A l:
2 3 2
( )
n a n a a
C H COOH
+

Ta c: 0,1( )
NaOH
n mol =
Suy ra:
5, 2 0,1
11 7 1
14 30 1
a n
n a a
= = +
+ +

Cu 48: Ho tan 2,56 g Cu vo 25,2 g dung dch
3
HNO 60% thu c dung dch A v hn hp kh mu nu ( nu
em ra ngoi khng khi th thy mu nu m hn), thm 210ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo dung dch A. Sau khi phn
ng kt thc em c cn dung dch thu c cht rn X. Nung X trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c
17,4 g cht rn. Tnh C% cc cht trong dung dch A.
A. 28,65% v 28,81% B. 31,26% v 25,72%
C. 32,19% v 22,81% D. Kt qu khc.
Li gii:
Gi x (mol) l s mol
3
HNO d.
Dung dch sau:
3 2 3
( )
0, 04( ); ( )
Cu NO HNO
n mol n x mol = =
Khi phn ng vi NaOH:
Cht rn sau gm:
2
: 0, 04( ); : ( 0, 08)( ) CuO mol NaNO x mol + v : 0, 21 0, 08 NaOH x
Ta c:
80.0, 04 69. 40(0, 21 0, 08 ) 17, 4 0,12( ) x x x mol + + = =
Cc phn ng:
3 3 2 2 2
4 ( ) 2 2 Cu HNO Cu NO NO H O + + +
a 4a 2a
3 3 2 2
3 8 3 ( ) 2 4 Cu HNO Cu NO NO H O + + +
b
8
3
b

2
3
b

Ta c: 0, 04 a b + = v
8
4 0,12
3
b
a + =
0, 01 a = v 0, 03 b =
Nh vy khi lng dung dch sau: 2, 56 25, 2 0, 01.46 0, 03.30 26, 4( ) m g = + =
Nng phn trm:
3 2
[ ( ) : 28, 48% Cu NO v
3
[ ] : 28, 63% HNO

Cu 49: Ho tan hon ton 30,4g hn hp X gm
2
, uS, , Cu C Cu S S vo dung dch
3
HNO d thu c 20,16 (l) kh
NO duy nht (ktc) v dung dch Y. Thm ( )
2
Ba OH d thu c khi lng kt ta l:
A. 110,95g B. 109,95g C. 122,2g D. 113,2g
Li gii:
Quy i ( )
Cu
n x mol = v ( )
S
n y mol =
Ta c:
( )
( )
0, 3
64 32 30, 4
2 6 0, 9.3
0, 35
x mol
x y
x y
y mol
=
+ =

+ =
=

.
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 17
.
0, 3.98 233.0, 35 110, 95( )
ket tua
m g = + =


Cu 50: Mt hn hp 2 cht hu c n chc A v B. C 2 u tc dng vi NaOH . t chy A hay B th th tch
2
CO v hi nc u bng nhau (cng iu kin). Ly 16,2g hn hp trn tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH
2M, sau c cn dung dch thu c 19,2 g cht rn. (Bit A v B c s nguyn t cacbon hn km nhau mt n v.
Xc nh A v B:
A.
2 4 2 3 6 2
& C H O C H O B.
4 8 2 3 6 2
& C H O C H O C.
4 8 2 5 10 2
& C H O C H O D. Kt qu khc.

Li gii:
A v B c dng
2 2 n n
C H O
Ta c: khi lng nc hay ancol l: 5( ) m g = v 0, 2( )
NaOH
n mol =
25( / ) M g mol = nh vy c nc v ancol c phi l
3
CH OH
Cht rn c
2 5
96( / ) M g mol C H COONa =
Nh vy p n: B.
2. Theo chng trnh nng cao (T cu 51 n cu 60).
Cu 51: Cho cn bng sau : ( ) ( )
3 2 6
2AlCl k Al Cl k thi im m nng ca
2 6
Al Cl tng 25 ln th nng
ca
3
AlCl thay i nh th no:
A. Gim 25 ln B. Gim 5 ln C. Tng 25 ln D. Tng 5 ln.

Li gii:
(Sparkling_star)
Ta c :
2 6
2
3
[ ]
[ ]
C
Al Cl
K
AlCl
=
V
C
K khng i nn khi ta tng
2 6
[ ] Al Cl ln 25 ln th ta phi tng
3
[ ] AlCl ln 5 ln
Cu 52: Cho 2 s phn ng sau:

3 2
2
,
1 2 4 2 1 1 1
,ete
2 2 4 2 2 2 2
:
:
o
H O t H O HCN
CO Mg HCl
X C H Br A B C
X C H Br A B C
+



Cho 37,6g mi cht
1 2
, X X thc hin 2 s trn. Sau ly ton b
1
C tc dng vi Na d thu cj V (l) kh.
2
C
tc dng vi etan-1,2-imin d (H=100%) th thu c m (g) polime. Gi tr ca V v m l:
A. V=4,48 (l) v m=28,4g. B. V=2,24 (l) v m=42,6g.
C. V=1,12 (l) v m=28,4g. D. V=4,48 (l) v m=42,6g.
Li gii:
Cc s :
3 2 3 3 3 2
( ) ( ) CH CHBr CH CHO CH CH OH CN CH CH OH COOH H
0,2 (mol) 0,2 (mol)
4, 48( ) V l =
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
( ) Br CH CH Br Br MgCH CH Mg Br Mg OOC CH CH COO HOOC CH CH COOH
2 2 2 2
( )
n
nHOOC CH CH COOH NHOC CH CH CONH
0,2(mol) 0,2 (mol)
28, 4( ) m g =
Cu 53: Khng th oxi ho Au thnh
3
Au
+
bng cch:
A. Tc dng vi kh Flo.
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 18
B. Ho tan trong nc cng toan.
C. Cho vo dung dch HCN c ho tan kh oxi.
D. Ho tan trong nc clo sc thm kh oxi.

Cu 54: Hn hp kh A cha mt ankan v mt cycloankan. T khi ca A so vi hidro l 25,8. t chy hon ton
2,58(g) A ri hp th ht sn phm chy vo dung dch ( )
2
Ba OH d thu c 35,46 g kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca
cc cht trong A l:
A.
4 10 3 6
& C H C H B.
2 6 4 8
& C H C H C.
4 8 3 8
& C H C H D.
2 6 3 6
& C H C H .
Li gii:
Ta c:
2
0,18( ) 2,16( )
CO C
n mol m g = =
Suy ra 0, 42( ) 0, 42( )
H H
m g n mol = =
0, 21 0,18 0, 03( )
ankan
n mol = =
0, 02( )
cycloankan
n mol =
Ta c: 0, 03(14 2) 0, 02(14 ) 0, 58 n m + + = Tm ra:
4 10
C H v
3 6
C H
Cu 55: t chy hon ton 4g mt hidrocacbon A th kh cn 8,96 (l)
2
O (ktc). A l:
A. anken hoc ankin B. ankan C. ankin D. ankin hoc cycloaken
Li gii:
( )
( )
2
2
3 4
0, 3
0, 2
CO
H O
n mol
C H
n mol
=

.

Cu 56: Cho hp cht hu c X c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh cha C, H, O. un X vi 200 ml dung dch KOH
1M thu c dung dch Y. trung ho KOH d trong dung dch Y cn 80 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M thu c dung
dch Z. C cn dun dch Z thu c 2 ancol n chc v 18,34 g hn hp 2 mui. CTCT ca X l:
A.
3 2 2 2 2
OO CH CH CH C CH CH CH = . B.
3 2 2 5
OCO OO CH CH CHCH C C H = .
C.
3 2 2 3
OCOCH OO CH CH CHCH C CH = . D.
3 2 2 3
OCO OO CH CH CHC CH CH CH = .
Li gii:
Phn ng: ( ) 0,16
KOH
n mol =
Khi lng mui hu c to ra l 15,36(g)
96 M n =
Chn n=2,
OO KOOC CH CH C K =
Chn D.
Cu 57: Cho 28,8g mt oxit kim loi A vo dung dch
3
HNO d thu thu c 1,82(l) hn hp kh
2
N O v NO c t
khi so vi hidro l
230
13
. A l:
A. FeO B. MnO C.
3 4
Fe O D. Kt qu khc.
Li gii:
Tnh ra ( ) 0, 4
e
n mol =

Gi n A l bin thin s oxi ho.
Ta c:
28, 8
. 0, 4 72. n M n
M
A = = A
Ln lt cho 1; 2;3 n A =
http://boxmath.vn- Din n hc tp v LTH uy tn.
Trang 19
Chn c p n l
2
Cu Ov FeO

Cu 58: Cho 6,85 g Bari kim loi vo 150 ml dung dch
4
CrSO 0,3M trong khng kh n phn ng hon ton th khi
lng kt ta thu c l:
A. 14,09g B. 10,485g C. 3,87g D. 14,355g
Li gii:
( ) ( )
( )
4
0, 05 0,1
0, 045
Ba
OH
CrSO
n mol n mol
n mol

= =
=

Ta c kt ta gm ( )
4
3
, BaSO Cr OH
( ) 10, 485 3, 605 14, 9 m g = + =
Cu 59: Mt phn ng quan trng to nn m gy nhim mi trng l:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
34
3 2 2
, 6.10
C
O k NO k O k NO k K + + =
Nu nng ban u l: | | ( ) | | ( ) | | | | ( )
6 5 4 3
3 2 2
10 ; 10 ; 2, 5.10 ; 8, 2.10 O M NO M NO O M

= = = = th phn ng
c xu hng:
A. Cn bng ng B. Chuyn dch theo chiu thun
C. Cn bng tnh. D. Chuyn dch theo chiu nghch.
Li gii:
205000
C
K = do phn ng chuyn dch theo chiu thun.
Cu 60: Th t tng dn tnh acid ca cc ion sau: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 4 3 3 6 5 3
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 HCO NH CH NH C H NH
+ + +
l:
A. 1 3 2 4 < < < B. 3 2 4 1 < < < C. 1 3 4 2 < < < D. 4 2 3 1 < < <

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Gim th coi thi khng gii thch g thm.)
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thi c cht sai st, c sa li, mong cc bn thng cm.
duyhien2110
Phm Duy Hin.