History Of GSM

Questions on GSM
History Of GSM 1) In short describe the evolution of GSM? 2) What are the standard bodies for the development and nurturing of the GSM standard? General Characteristics of GSM Technology 1) What is the GSM operating frequency? 2) How many carriers are present and how many channels are there in each carrier? 3) What type of modulation is used in GSM? 4) What is TDMA? 5) What is FDMA? 6) What is a Burst Period? 7) What is the bandwidth of each channel? GSM Network Architecture 8) What are the components of the GSM network? 9) What is the function of the BTS? 10)What is the function of the BSC? 11)What is the function of the MSC? 12)What are the components of the MSC? 13)What is the function of the HLR? 14)What is the function of the VLR?

15)What is the function of the AuC? 16)What is the function of the BSS? 17)What is the function of the TRAU? 18) What is SIM? What are the functions of SIM? GSM Air Interface 19)What is the interface between the MS and the BSS? 20) What are the two types of logical channels? 21)What are the various types of control channels? 22)What are the various types of Broadcast Control Channels? 23)What are the various types of Common Control Channels? 24)What are the various types of Dedicated Control Channels? 25)What is the function of the FCCH? 26)What is the function of the SCH? 27)What is the function of the BCCH? 28)What is the Function of the PCH? 29)What is the function of the RACH? 30)What is the function of the SDCCH? 31)What is the function of a FACCH? 32)What are the different layers in GSM? 33)What are the functions of the Radio Resource Management sub layer in GSM? 34)What is the function of the Mobility Management sub layer in GSM? 35)What are the functions of the Communication Management sub layer in GSM? 36)What are Service Primitives?

37)What are the various types of handovers in GSM? 38)What is idle mode? 39)What are layer 2 and 3 messages? 40)What are the functions of Layer 2 in GSM? 41)What is BSIC? 42)What is cell reselection/selection? 43)What is IMSI/TMSI? 44)What is IMSI attach /detach? 42) What is the structure of IMSI? 45)What is MSISDN? 46)What is MSRN? 47)What is authentication procedure in GSM? 48)What is Timing Advance? 49)What is Discontinuous Transmission? 50)What is Discontinuous Reception in GSM? 51)What is location Updating? 52)What is Synchronous Handover? 53)What are the various types of bursts in GSM? 54)What is the structure of a normal burst? 55)What is a TDMA frame? 56)What is the structure of a normal burst?

GSM Protocol Architecture Between Network Elements 57)What is the Protocol architecture between the MS and the BTS?

58)What is the function of BSSAP? 59)What is the function of SCCP? 60)What is the function of TCAP? 61)What is the function of MAP? 62)What is LAPDm? 63)What is SS7 signaling? 64)What is the function of MTP? GSM Network Planning & Optimization 65)What is the basic procedure for RF planning using RF planning tool in GSM? Planning Tool Loading of digital map data of the city on the planning tool,Model tuning for proper prediction on the tool ,Nominal cell planning for the coverage ,frequency planning and interference study. Final system planning. 66)What are the different types of antennas used in a GSM network? Antennas of different types based on antenna beamwidth and gain, In GSM We have space diversity antenna and cross polarized antenna. Omni antennas, 67)How do the power, orientation, beamwidth, tilt and height of the antenna affect the coverage? Power increases the coverage, Proper Orientation, Beamwidth and tilt improves the coverage of the planned area. Increase in antenna height improves the coverage. 68)What is EIRP? How is it calculated? Effective isotropic radiated power is the total o/p power of Base station EIRP=BTS (O/P)power+Antenna gain-cablelosses-other (combiner)losses 69)What is frequency planning? Why is frequency reuse pattern used? Frequency planning is to be done for the gsm network for a given operator with A set of GSM frequency band.Frequency reuse pattern is used for capacity planning. To minimize frequency interference problems. 70)What are all the patterns available? How is frequency planning done on planning tool?

4/12 pattern.3/9 pattern .Automatic frequency planning can be done in planning tool. 71)What is co-channel interference and adjacent channel interference? The interference caused by using same channels in a network is called cochannel interference and interference caused by From adjacent channels of is called adjacent channel interference. 72)How do you minimize co-channel interference? proper frequency planning and proper reuse pattern. 73)How do you minimize adjacent channel interference? Proper frequency planning.

74)What is model tuning? Why is it used? Okarama Hatta model? Model tuning is done for any planning tool to obtain proper prediction expected from planning tool as there will be difference in actual and predicted data for planning tool.One of the model is Okara Hattta Model is used which considers the signal propogation losses. 75)What is link Budget Analysis used for in GSM? Link budget analysis is used for the path balance between both uplink(Transmitter) Downlink(Reciever) part of the network. 76)How is path loss taken into calculation? This is the total path loss occurred due to multipath propagation of the signal between transmitted signal and the received signal level. 77)What is capacity planning? This is process of increasing traffic by adding Trxs traffic channels and proper use of frequency reuse pattern.Addition of BTSs 78)How is site selection done for planning and site acquisition? After nominal cell planning with the geographical coordinates identifying best site candidate in a geographical area is the process of site selection. 79)What is optimization? What are the tools used for optimization? Once GSM network is integrated in order to achieve proper planning prediction RF parameters Optimization is done. Drive test tool,Planning tool and Post processing tools are Used for optimization. 80)How do we use the above antenna patterns for optimization? Proper antenna orintation and tilts and antenna types can be used for optimizing network. 81)How do we handle poor C/I, C/A, handover problems and blocking?

Checking proper neighbour list, changing frequency planning and proper no of radio channels availability. 82)What is system information? System information is from BTS sent to Mobile for the idle mode and dedicated mode of the call for call management. 83)What is bench marking in GSM? Bench Marking used for comparing performance of different network for quality and call performance parameters. 84)What is Erlang table? This is the table for calculating Traffic in erlang for no of channels. 85)What is grade of service? Grade of service is the blocking for the given traffic channels. 86)How do you optimize a network using OMCR performance data? Proper increase in call success,and increase in handover success performance and drop call reduction performance. 87)What is daily report and traffic? This is the report obtained in OMC for the performce of all BTS about traffic . 88)What is cell_reselect_hysterisis? This is process of handover done by mobile in idle mode from selected cell to another cell. 89)What is path loss criterion (C1)? How is it calculated? This is the signal strength measured in idle mode for selecting best serving channel. 90) 91) 92) What is the Erlang B formula? What is spread spectrum technology? What are the types of spread spectrum technology?

Path Ahead For GSM Technology 93)What is EDGE technology? 94) What is WCDMA? 95)What is GPRS? Frequently Asked questions: 96) Difference between Blocking and Congestion?

97) Difference between Baseband and SFH (In Depth)? 98) What is Qos and which is the parameter which we moniter? 99) Why Power Budget handovers are recommended in the System? 99) How Paging capacity is calculated for a cell and Lac? 100) How on Half rate quality decreases? 101) Formulas for CSR and CSSR, Complete description? 102) Link Budget calculations and Outcome of Link Budget? 103) TMA has an effect on Uplink or Downlink, Complete description? 104) what is MAIO Planning and how many MAIOs can we give for a particular set of Frequencies? 105) What is Utilization and Utilization Factor? 106) GOS and Blocking rate Explain? Is there any difference between the two?