N NH TC CA

TRUYN NG IN
Chng 4
N NH TC
CA TRUYN NG IN
Nguyn l chung
n nh tc ng c in mt chiu dng
phn hi dng dng ti
n nh tc ng c mt chiu dng
phn hi m in p
n nh tc ng c mt chiu dng phn
hi m tc
n nh tc ng c d b
Nguyn l chung Nguyn l chung
Trong qu trnh lm vic ca cc h thng
truyn ng in nhiu h thng i hi phi n
nh tc nng cao cht lng sn phm
v nng sut ca thit b. Mt khc n nh tc
ca truyn ng in cn c kh nng m
rng di iu chnh tc v tng kh nng qu
ti cho ng c in.
Nguyn l chung Nguyn l chung
ci thin cc ch tiu cht lng ca h thng
truyn ng in iu chnh, ngi ta thng thc
hin cc phng php iu chnh t ng, to ra kh
nng bin i thng s iu chnh (thng s u vo
X
c
) mt cch lin tc theo mc thay i ca thng
s c iu chnh u ra (i lng X). Mun vy,
ta phi thit lp h iu chnh vng kn, ly tn hiu
phn hi t u ra trc tip t l vi i lng X hoc
gin tip qua cc i lng lin quan n X, cho tc
ng ln thng s u vo, lm cho thng s ny
thay i t ng theo chiu hng a i lng X
t n gi tr t trc.
Nguyn l chung Nguyn l chung
Cu trc chung ca h thng iu chnh tc
vng kn
Nguyn l chung Nguyn l chung
Trong :
U

: tn hiu t, t l vi gi tr t ca thng s c
iu chnh: tc

.
U
ph
: tn hiu phn hi, t l vi gi tr thc ca thng
s c iu chnh .
U = U
dk
: tn hiu sai lch, phn nh mc sai lch
gia gi tr thc ca thng s ra vi gi tr mong
mun t trc

.
U
k
chnh l tn hiu dng iu khin phn t iu
chnh Ch sao cho thng s ca n t ng thay i,
v tc ng vo ng c () lm cho gi tr
tin n

.
Nguyn l chung Nguyn l chung
Bin php ch yu n nh tc l tng cng
ca c tnh c bng iu khin theo mch kn.
Cc c tnh ca h h c: trong ton di
iu chnh.
const
R
K
= =
2
) (

Nguyn l chung Nguyn l chung

Sai s tnh
sai s tnh S S
cp
cn tm bin php tng tc
n e = e
min
. Ta c im lm vic [e
min
;M
m
]
, ng c tnh c cng mong mun l |
m
v:
Giao im ca c tnh mong mun vi c tnh
ca h h cho bit gi tr cn thit ca E
b
khi M
c
thay i:
cp
m
S
M
S > =
min 0
.
m
M

=
min 0
Nguyn l chung Nguyn l chung
c tnh xc nh E
b
khi ti thay i.
n nh tc ng c in mt chiu
dng phn hi dng dng ti
S nguyn l h thng
Qui lut thay i E
b
theo dng ti
n nh tc ng c in mt chiu
dng phn hi dng dng ti
c tnh c h h:

M
K
E
m
b
=
.
Ti giao im ca 2 ng ny ta lun c:
m m
b
M M
K
E

=
0
I K E M K E
d b
m
m b
'
0 0
)]
1 1
( [ + = + =


K
d
gi l h s phn hi dng. )
1 1
( ) (
2 '
m
m d
K K

=
c tnh c mong mun:
m
M

=
0
(4.1)
n nh tc ng c in mt chiu
dng phn hi dng dng ti
S nguyn l
n nh tc ng c in mt chiu
dng phn hi dng dng ti
Theo s , ta c
) ( ) (
i b d b b
U U K I R U K E + = + =
T rt ra phng trnh c tnh c ca h nh
sau:
I
K
R R
K
I R U K
I
K
R R
K
E
dm
d
dm
d d d
dm
d
dm
b

+
=
+
=
) (
I
K
R K R
K
U K
dm
d d
dm
d d

) 1 ( +
=
U

: in p t tc
U
i
: in p phn hi dng in
R
d
: in tr shunt trong mch phn ng
(4.2)
(4.3)
n nh tc ng c in mt chiu
dng phn hi dng dng ti
T (4.1), (4.2) c:
( )
( )
d d
m
d b d
b b
R K R
K
R K K
U K E
+
=
=
=
1
.
.
2
'
0

Nu chn K
d
.R
d
= R+R
d
th c tnh c cng tuyt i.
Nu chn K
d
.R
d
> R+R
d
th c tnh c cng dng.
Nu chn: K
d
.R
d
< R+R
d
th c tnh c cng m.
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m in p
Qui lut thay i E
b
theo in p phn ng
Phng trnh c tnh tnh ca b bin i BD c
dng sau:
E
b
= U + R
b
I
u
Thay R
b
= R - R
u
ta c:
Thay (4.5) vo (4.1) ta c:
)
1 1
( ) (
2
tn
dm
b
u
b
u
K
U E
R R
U E
I

=
)
1 1
( ) (
2
'
tn
dm
b
d bo b
K
U E
K E E

+ =
(4.4)
(4.5)
(4.6)
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m in p
Thay K
d
vo (4.6) rt gn v t:
Ta c:
K
a
gi l h s phn hi in p.
b
b
K
b
E E b
a bo bo
tn m

=

= =
1
,
1
1
),
1 1
)(
1 1
(
' '

U K E E
a bo b
' '
=
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m in p
S nguyn l
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m in p
Nu b qua dng qua r
1
, r
2
v t K
a
= r
2
/ (r
1
+ r
2
),
ta c:
T ta c phng trnh c tnh c ca h
nh sau:
) ( U K U K E
a d b b
=
b a
u b a d b
u b b a d b b
K K
I R K U K
I R E K U K E
+
+
= =
1
) (
)} ( {
M
K
R
K K
K K
R
K K K
U K
I
K
R
K
E
dm
b
a b
a b
dm a b
d b
u
dm dm
b
2
) (
1
) 1 (

+
= =
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m in p
Nu mch c K
b
.K
a
>> 1 th c tnh c dng:
tn
a d
dm
u
a dm
d
M
K U Hay
M
K
R
K K
U

=
=
) , (
.
) ( . .
0
2
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m tc
Qui lut thay i E
b
theo tc quay
S nguyn l
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m tc
T phng trnh c tnh tnh ca b bin i B:
E
b
- E
u
= I
u
(R
b
+ R
u
), R
b
= R - R
u
Ta c:
Thay (4.7) vo (4.1) ta c:

1
) (
2
dm
dm b
u b
dm b
u
K
K E
R R
K E
I

=
+

=
d dm
dm d
d dm
dm
bo
dm
dm b
d bo b
K K
K K
K K
K
E
K
K E
K E E

+ =

/ ) ( / ) (
/ ) (
1
) (
2 2
2
2

' '
) 1 (
t bo dm
m m
bo b
K E K E E = =
K
t
gi l h s phn hi tc :
dm
m
t
K K

) 1 (
'
=
(4.7)
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m tc
c tnh c
Ta c: ) (
t d b b
K U K E =
u
dm dm
t d b
u
dm dm
b
I
K
R
K
K U K
I
K
R
K
E

= =
) (
u
b t dm b t dm
d b
I
K K K
R
K K K
U K
+

+
=

M
K K K K
R
K K K
U K
dm b t dm b t dm
d b

) ( +

+
=
n nh tc ng c mt chiu
dng phn hi m tc
Nu K
b
.K
t
t h | .
n nh tc ng c d b n nh tc ng c d b
Nguyn l iu p n nh tc dng phn hi m
tc
n nh tc ng c d b n nh tc ng c d b
Nguyn l iu p- tn s n nh tc dng phn
hi m tc v phn hi dng dng in