DTM Can Ho The Summit

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT
M U
1. XUT X CA D N Nng khng ch l mt trung tm kinh t m cn l cu ni quan trng vi cc tnh Min Trung, Ty Nguyn, Nam Lo, ng Bc Campuchia. Nng c cng, c sn bay quc t, c h thng thng tin lin lc hin i. Nng c mt v tr a l thun li l nm gia ba di sn vn ho th gii: C Hu, ph c Hi An v thnh a M Sn lm ni r vai tr ca thnh ph Nng trong khu vc, l ni n tip, phc v, trung chuyn khch. Vi u th l c c s h tng tt, ang ngy cng hon thin, c ch u t thng thong, hin ngy cng c nhiu doanh nghip c vn u t nc ngoi u t vo Nng. Ngoi ra, vi chnh sch m rng v vic cc nh u t nc ngoi c mua nh ti Vit Nam v chnh sch m rng cho ngi Vit Nam nh c ti nc ngoi c mua nh Vit Nam khin cho nhu cu v cn h cht lung cao ti Nng s ngy cng tng. Khng nhng th, s pht trin mnh m ca Nng cn li ko thm c nhng ngi thuc tnh, thnh ph khc n an c, lp nghip. Hn na, mc sng ca ngi dn Nng cng ngy cng cao nn nhu cu sng ti cc cn h cao cp vi mi trng sng an ton, tin nghi v hin i ngy cng c i hi. Th trng bn l ti Nng hin nay cng ang rt si ng. Hng ngy c hng trm ngn lt khch ra vo cc khu ch, cc trung tm thng mi ti thnh ph mua sm (ch Cn, ch Hn, Big C, Metro,...). Ngoi ra, i sng ca ngi dn thnh ph ngy cng c nng cao nn nhu cu mua sm hng ho cht lng cao, mu m p ti cc siu th ni ting ngy cng c i hi. ng thi, vi vic thu ht ngy cng nhiu du khch trong v ngoi nc n tham quan v chuyn gia nc ngoi n lm vic ti Nng lm cho vic pht trin thm cc trung tm thng mi bn l t cht lng l ht sc cn thit. T cc phn tch, nhn nh nh trn, Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn s mt chng ti quyt nh u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit nhm to ra mt mi trng sng cht lng cho nhng ngi c nhu cu sng trong nhng cn h cao cp, hin i vi mc gi hp l. D n Khu chung c cao cp The Summit l mt d n mi v do Ch d n t ph duyt. 2. CN C PHP LUT V K THUT CA VIC THC HIN TM 1
Cc c s php lut v k thut xy dng bo co nh gi tc ng mi
trng (TM) bao gm:
iu 29 ca Hin php nc Cng ho X hi Ch ngha Vit Nam quy nh: C quan nh nc, n v v trang, t chc kinh t, t chc x hi, mi c nhn phi thc hin cc quy nh ca Nh nuc v s dng hp l ti nguyn thin nhin v bo v mi trng. Nghim cm mi hnh ng lm suy kit ti nguyn v hu hoi mi trng;
Lut Bo v mi trng uc Quc hi nc Cng ho XHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005; Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic Quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng; Ngh nh 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v vic sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic Quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng;
Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng;
Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic ban hnh cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam; Quyt nh s 16/2008/Q-BTNMT ngy 31/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic ban hnh Quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng; Thng t s 25/2009/TT-BTNMT ngy 16/11/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic ban hnh Quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng; Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q-BYT ngy 10/10/2002 ca B trng B y t ban hnh cc tiu chun v sinh mi trng; Giy chng nhn quyn s dng t s: AN 219326 do UBND Qun Sn Tr, Tp. Nng cp ngy 01/07/2008; Hp ng gp vn bng Quyn s dng t gia B V Th Bch Ngc v Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn s mt ngy 02/07/2008 v vic ng thc hin vic gp vn bng quyn s dng t theo Giy chng nhn quyn s dng t s AN 219326 do UBND Qun Sn Tr, Tp. Nng cp ngy 01/07/2008;
Giy chng nhn ng k kinh doanh s: 3202005119 ca Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn s mt do S K hoch v u t Thnh ph Nng cp ngy 19/05/2008, ng k thay i ln th nht ngy 15/09/2008; 2
Cng vn s 1741/VP-QLTh ngy 15 thng 6 nm 2009 ca UBND Thnh ph Nng v vic thng nht phng n kin trc cng trnh Khu chung c cao cp The Summit ti khu dn c Bc Phan B Phin, phng Th Quang, qun Sn Tr, Tp. Nng;
Cng vn s 4200/UBND-QLTh ngy 14 thng 7 nm 2008 ca UBND Thnh ph Nng v vic ph duyt cc ch tiu kin trc lm c s thit k xy dng cng trnh Chung c cao tng c kt hp chc nng thng mi ti l t L1, khu Bc Phan B Phin, ng Ng Quyn, qun Sn Tr;
Quyt nh s 6590/Q-UBND ca UBND Thnh ph Nng v vic ph duyt quy hoch chi tit xy dng TL 1:500 Chung c cao tng kt hp chc nng thng mi The Summit.
Cc tiu chun, quy chun p dng trong qu trnh lp bo co TM:
QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh. QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c. TCVN 5949 1998: m hc - Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c. Mc n ti a cho php. Tiu chun v sinh lao ng (tiu chun ting n) ca B Y t ban hnh theo quyt nh s 3733/Q-BYT ngy 10/10/2002. QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT : Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot. TCVN 2622 1995: Phng chy, chng chy cho nh v cng trnh, an ton thit k. TCXD 16 1986 : Chiu sng nhn to trong cng trnh dn dng. TCXDVN 46 2007 : Chng st cho cng trnh xy dng - Hng dn thit k, kim tra v bo tr h thng.
Cc ti liu, d liu s dng trong qu trnh lp bo co TM:
Ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho: + Alexander P.Economopoulos, Assessment of Sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution, Part 1: Rapid Inventory Technique in Environmental Pollution, WHO, Geneva, 1993. + Standard Methods for Wastewater and Water examination, New York, 1989. + World Bank, Guideline for EIA, 1989. 3
+ WB, Assessment Sourcebook, Vol. 2, Sectoral Guideline, WB, Washington D.C,1991 + Chng trnh mi trng Lin Hip Quc (UNEP): nh gi tc ng mi trng Nhng quy trnh c bn i vi cc nc ang pht trin - Cc Mi trng, 1988. + Cc Mi trng: Hng dn v quan trc mi trng, 1998. + Hong Xun C, Phm Ngc H: Gio trnh TM, i hc Quc gia H Ni, 1998. + Grul: Cng trnh lm sch nc thi loi nh, NXB Xy dng, 1985 + L Thc Cn v tp th tc gi: nh gi tc ng mi trng Phng php lun v kinh nghim thc tin, NXB khoa hc v k thut, H Ni 1994. + L Trnh: nh gi tc ng mi trng Phng php v ng dng, NXB khoa hc v k thut, H Ni 2000. + L Trnh: Quan trc v kim sot nhim mi trng nc, NXB khoa hc v k thut, H Ni 1997. + Phm Ngc ng: Mi trng khng kh, NXB khoa hc v k thut, H Ni 1997. + Trn c H: X l nc thi sinh hot quy m va v nh, NXB khoa hc v k thut, H Ni 2002 + Hong Hu: X l nc thi, NXB xy dng, H ni - 1996 + Trn Hiu Nhu, ng Quc Dng, Nguyn Th Kim Thi: Qun l cht thi rn, Tp 1 Cht thi rn th, NXB Xy dng 2001; + Nin gim thng k Nng nm 2008 NXB Thng k - 2008 Trn y l nhng ti liu m chng ti tham kho, s dng trong qu trnh lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca d n. y l nhng ti liu c gi tr v mt khoa hc v thc tin, cc ti liu a ra cc hng dn chi tit v ni dung v phng php TM. Cc ti liu ny c dng lm ti liu ging dy, tham kho cho nghin cu sinh, sinh vin ngnh cng ngh v qun l mi trng, ng thi l ngun ti liu tham kho cho cc nh qun l mi trng cng nh phc v cho cc c quan nghin cu v qun l mi trng nn c tin cy cao.
Ngun ti liu, d liu do ch d n t to lp: + D n u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit nm 2009 + Cc bn v thit k xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh 4
3. PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH THC HIN TM
Phng php nh gi nhanh: Phng php ny da trn c s cc h s nhim xc nh ti lng, nng cc cht nhim do d n gy ra. T c th d bo kh nng tc ng mi trng ca cc ngun gy nhim.
Phng php so snh: Phng php ny da trn c s cc tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng so snh, i chiu vi nng cc cht nhim do d n gy ra. Phng php lp bng lit k: c s dng lp mi quan h gia cc hot ng ca d n v cc tc ng mi trng. Phng php thng k: Phng php ny c s dng thu thp v x l cc d liu v iu kin t nhin (a l, a cht, kh tng - thu vn,...) v iu kin kinh t x hi ti khu vc d n.
Phng php iu tra x hi hc: iu tra, phng vn lnh o v nhn dn ti khu vc thc hin d n. Phng php kho st, o c, ly mu ngoi hin trng v phn tch ti phng th nghim: Phng php ny gip thu thp cc thng s v hin trng mi trng ti khu vc thc hin d n. Cc phng php trn u l nhng phng php c s dng ph bin hin nay, mt
s phng php c a vo gio trnh ging dy, do tin cy rt cao. 4. T CHC THC HIN TM Thc hin nghim chnh Lut Bo v mi trng c Quc hi nc Cng ha X hi Ch ngha Vit nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005, Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng v Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v vic sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP, Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn S Mt tin hnh lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng cho d n vi s t vn ca Trung tm Cng ngh Mi trng Nng (DENTEC)
n v thc hin TM:
Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ny do Cng ty trch nhim hu hn t Kinh tuyn S Mt ch tr thc hin.

n v t vn:
+ Tn n v: Trung tm Cng ngh Mi trng Nng (DENTEC) thuc Cng ty CP Pht trin cng ngh v T vn u t Nng. + Gim c: ng Hunh Thun 5
+ a ch lin h: 25 Hong Diu, Qun Hi Chu, Thnh ph Nng + in thoi: 0511.3824402-615, Fax: 0511.3824120
Danh sch nhng ngi trc tip tham gia thc hin bo co TM:
+ ng Nguyn Hong Linh + ng Nguyn Th Minh
: K s Cng ngh mi trng : C nhn Mi trng
+ B Phm Hu Qunh Trm : C nhn Cng ngh mi trng
CHNG 1 M T TM TT D N
1.1. TN D N KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT 1.2. CH D N

n v i din in thoi Fax
: Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn S Mt : ng Tun Anh : 84-511.2219145 : 84-511.3835604 Chc v: Gim c
a ch lin h : 27 Phan Chu Trinh, qun Hi Chu, thnh ph Nng, Vit Nam.
1.3. V tr a l ca d n 1.3.1. V tr a l Khu chung c cao cp The Summit c xy dng ti l t L1, khu Bc Phan B Phin, ng Ng Quyn, phng Th Quang, qun Sn Tr, thnh ph Nng.
Ta khu t thc hin d n: N: 16o05.788 E:108o14.742 Cn gii ca khu t:

Pha Bc
: Gip Cng ty c phn ho cht vt liu Nng;
Pha Nam : Gip ng Phan B Phin; Pha ng : Gip khu dn c hin trng; Pha Ty : Gip ng Ng Quyn.
(V tr xy dng d n xin xem s S 01 trang 08) 1.3.2. Cc i tng xung quanh a im thc hin d n 1.3.2.1. Cc i tng t nhin
H thng ng giao thng: D n c xy dng khu vc c quy hoch tng i hon chnh nn c nhiu
thun li. Pha bc d n gip con ng nha 10,5m (cha c tn), pha ty li gip vi tuyn ng Ng Quyn, y l con ng ln ni vi cc con ng chnh ca thnh ph nn to rt nhiu thun li cho vic i li ca ngi dn ra vo khu d n. 7
H thng bin, sng sui, i ni: + Xung quanh khu vc xy dng D n khng c sng sui, ao h, cch D n khong 1500m v pha ng l bin ng. + Khu vc xy dng D n l t cng nghip, dch v v t nn khng c i ni xung quanh.
1.3.2.2. Cc i tng kinh t - x hi
Khu dn c: D n c xy dng ti khu dn c Bc Phan B Phin, phng Th Quang. y l
khu vc ng dn c, sinh sng y t lu i.
Cc i tng sn xut, kinh doanh dch v: Gn khu vc xy dng d n c mt s c s sn xut, kinh doanh nh Cng ty c
phn ho cht vt liu Nng, kho xi mng Hong Mai, Cng ty c phn Nam Vit c... 1.4. NI DUNG CH YU CA D N 1.4.1. S lc v d n Mc tiu ca d n l to c mt Khu cn h cao cp mang phong thi khu ngh dng c sc nht ti Nng trn tng din tch 3.754m2 ti thnh ph Nng vi quy m 19 tng, 146 cn h, khu vui chi tr em, khu thng mi kt hp mua sm cao cp, b bi, cc dch v hin i khc t tiu chun quc t. Chng ti mun to ra mt mi trng sng c cht lng cao, hin i vi mc gi hp l, khin mi ngi u c th hi lng. 1.4.2. Quy m ca d n 1.4.2.1. Quy m ca d n Tng din tch t s dng cho d n l: 3.754m2. C cu s dng t nh sau: Bng 1.1: C cu s dng t ca d n TT 1 2 Loi t t xy dng cng trnh t giao thng, cy xanh, sn Tng cng 1.4.2.2. Cc hng mc chnh ca d n Din tch (m2) 2.289,1 1.464,9 3.754 T l (%) 60,98 39,02 100
Ngun: D n u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit
Vi din tch khu t l 3.754m2, cng trnh c thit k bao gm: Khu trung tm thng mi v khi thp khu chung c a. Khu trung tm thng mi c thit k pha mt ng Ng Quyn v ng Phan B Phin to cm gic sang trng v l im nhn cho khu chung c. Khu trung tm thng mi c din tch 390m2 c thit k 1 tng ( tng 1) gm 9 gian hng v 1 khu caf gii kht. b. Khi thp khu chung c c thit k li 6m so vi ng giao thng chnh, pha sau khu trung tm thng mi. Thit k ca khi thp khu chung c nh sau:
Khi (tng trt + tng 2):
+ Tng trt: c dng lm bi u xe v l khu tip n dn c ra vo khu chung c
Ti tng trt b tr khu vc l tn, cc snh chnh, snh i tip n ngi dn ra vo khu chung c. Cc li ra vo to nh u c gim st bi phng bo v trung tm t ti khu vc dng xe quy nh v tin snh.
Bi xe c thit k hp l, thun tin vi lu lng xe c ln. Bi xe ch phc v dn c trong khu chung c.
+ Tng 2: Gm cc dch v tin ch cho khu dn c nh: Khu vui chi tr em, phng tp th dc, b bi (kch thc 30x6x2 = 360m3), ....
Khi thp chung c:
c thit k gm hai khi thp chung c cao 17 tng t tng 3 n tng 19 vi tng s cn h l 146 cn. 1.4.2.3. Cc hng mc ph tr ca d n a. H thng cp nc
Ngun cp nc:
Trong giai on thi cng xy dng cng nh trong giai on hot ng, D n s s dng ngun nc my do Cng ty cp nc thnh ph Nng cung cp, khng s dng nc ngm nn s khng lm cn kit ngun nc ngm ti khu vc.
Nguyn l h thng cp nc: Nc sch t ng ng chnh ca thnh ph c ni vi vi ng h tng ri chy
n cc b tr nc c t chm ti tng trt ca cng trnh. H thng bm y kt hp vi bm vn hnh v bm d phng s a nc sch qua b phn lc nc ti b cha nc ti tng mi. Nc sch c phn phi bng bm tng p ti cc tng c p lc ca 9
nc chy t do thp, cn cc tng khc th s c cung cp bng phng php trng lc kt hp vi cc b van gim p s dng lm gim p sut nc ca cc tng thp hn khi m p sut qu ln. (V tr b cha nc c th xem S 03, nm gia im 5 v 6)
i vi khu cn h v khu dch v, mi cn h v khu dch v s c cp nc qua
cc ng h o ring c t ti hp k thut nc.

Nc sch c cp cho:
+ H thng ng ng cp nc sinh hot v lng nc b vo lng hao ht ca b bi v h thng iu ha + H thng phng chy cha chy.
Nc ti cy, ra ng, c ly t ng ng cp nc chnh ca thnh ph. Nhu cu s dng nc trong mt ngy:
Bng 1.2: Bng tng hp nhu cu s dng nc ca d n TT Hng mc n v Quy m Nhu cu nc Tng nhu cu s dng nc (lt/ngy) 116.800 2.800 10.000 1.750 3600 5.000 Ton b to nh 1.454 3 l/m2-ng 10.000 4.362 154.312
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
146 cn h x Nc sinh hot cn Ngi 4ngi/cn h = h 584 ngi Nhn vin Nh hng Khu vc mua sm Nc cp cho h bi Git i V sinh to nh Ti cy, ra ng Ngi Ngi Ngi m3 m
3
200 lt/ngi 35 lt/ngi 50 lt/ch 35 lt/ngi 1%/ngy
80 200 50 360
m3 m2
Tng nhu cu dng nc

Nhu cu nc sinh hot: 154.312 lit/ngy Nhu cu nc cha chy: c tnh ton nh sau: + S m chy xy ra ng thi: 2 m chy + Lu lng nc dp tt m chy: 10 l/s + Gi thit cn cha chy trong 3 gi lin tc th lng nc cn d tr trong b nc sch l: 10 x 3600 x 3 x 2 = 216000 lt = 216 m3 10

Thi gian d tr nc: 2,5 ngy (60 gi) Th tch b cha nc: (154,312 4,362) x 2,5 + 216 = 590,88 m3 H thng thot nc cho cng trnh bao gm: Thot nc bn cc khu v sinh; thot
b. H thng thot nc nc chu ra bp, nh hng; thot nc ma mi; thot nc ma b mt, sn vn. (Cc s h thng thot nc xin xem S 03, 04, 05, 06 phn ph lc)
Nc thi sinh hot:
Nc thi sinh hot t cc cn h v khu vc dch v s c thu gom, tp trung v h thng x l nc thi tp trung trc khi thi ra cng chung thnh ph.
Thot nc ma:
Nc ma c thu t mi v cc khu vc ngoi tri vo cc h ga, sau chy ra h thng cng thot nc thnh ph. Thot nc ma tng trt: Di tng trt lm rnh thu nc ma y bng np ghi gang dn vo h ga thot nc. Cc h ga thu nc ma c bm y s c s dng cho nhng khu vc thp ni khng th thot nc t chy bm nc ma ln h thng thot nc chung, sau x vo h thng thot nc ca thnh ph. c. H thng x l cht thi:
H thng x l nc thi:
Chng ti s u t xy dng mt h thng x l nc thi tp trung s dng phng php x l sinh hc hiu kh (bn hot tnh) t di tng hm ca to nh x l ton b lng nc thi thi ra ca d n t quy chun quy nh (QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT, ct B) trc khi thi ra mi trng.
X l rc thi:
Chng ti s thu gom, tp trung rc thi v hp ng vi Cng ty Mi trng th Nng hng ngy n ch i x l theo quy nh. d. H thng in:
Ngun cp in:
Ngun cp cao th t in lc thnh ph s c dn ti trm phn phi trung th 24kV trc khi u ni vi cc my bin p, t in trung th. My bin p cng vi t in phn phi c t ti tng trt. H thng cp in l h 3 pha 380/220V, 5 dy 50Hz. Ton b cc bng iu khin chnh trong phong h th s tip nhn ngun in t cc my bin th v phn phi ti ton 11
b cc trung tm tiu th v cc im lp t ph ti. Cc cu giao ngt mch in dng ko s c chn s dng m bo cch ly an ton cho cc l ng dy n. Bo v qu ti v s c tip a bng cc thit b ngt mch in rle IDMTL cho ton b ngun n. Thit b ngt mch in nh aptomat hoc cu ch s c lp t bo v cho cc nhnh cp ph. Thit b t ng iu chnh h s cng sut ngun c lp t nhm t c h s cng sut ngun l 0,85.
Gii php cp in:
Ngun in chuyn dng c cp cho cc thit b v my mc chnh. Ngun cp ny c dn qua dy cp ng nhiu li bc PVC cch in. Cc tuyn cp in chu la uc p dng ph hp cp in ti cc thit b cha chy v thang my cu ho. Cp in cho nhng khu vc cho thu nh khu bn l, nh hng, gii kht, vn phng... s c gii hn ring bit cch ly cho tng khu vc ring. Ngoi ra phng s c mt in, chng ti cn thit k h thng cp in d phng v u t mua 2 my pht in d phng c cng sut 1000 KVA e. H thng chiu sng:
Chiu sng cho khi dch v (Trung tm thng mi, nh hng): Chiu sng bng n hp phn quang 1200x600 t m trn kt hp vi cc n
downlight m trn bng. V tr cc n c b tr ph hp vi cu to trn v cc ca gi ca iu ho.

Cu thang c t n lp st trn, dng bng compact ch U v iu khin bng
cng tc 2 chiu.
t n ch dn EXIT cc v tr thot him nh ca i, cu thang, lu in 3 gi. i vi khi dch v, t n s c c thi gian lu in 3 gi m bo an ton cho
hng ho v khch hng.

Khu vc xe dng n treo ni 1200x300 vi chc nng chng m, bi. Chiu sng cho khi cn h:
Mi cn h c b tr cc loi n ph hp vi sinh hot ca tng phng. Bng 1.3: Bng thng k ri (sng) thit k TT 1 1.1 Khu vc Khu vc thng mi, bn l, nh hng Khu thng mi, bn l, nh hng 500 12 ri thit k (Lux)
TT 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Snh thang my
Khu vc Khu vc giao thng cng cng V sinh cng cng Thang b Cc phng k thut xe Khu cn h Khu vc giao thng cng cng Snh thang my Thang b Cc phng k thut
ri thit k (Lux) 200 200 150 150 200 150 200 200 150 200
Ngun: D n u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit f. H thng chng st v tip t: H thng chng st bao gm cc kim thu st trn tng mi, mt h thng truyn dn bng vic s dng h thp chu lc cng trnh dn thot st t kim thu xung in cc tip t st ti h chng st. H thng tip t bao gm cc thanh ng, li ng tip t chn di mng, cc kp tip t, c lin kt vi nhau bng dy dn bng ng c kch thc ph hp vi in tr tip t an ton theo quy nh. g. H thng phng chy cha chy m bo an ton tuyt i v con ngi v ti sn trong to nh, chp hnh cc quy nh v an ton PCCC ca Nh nc Vit Nam, chng ti thit k h thng bo chy t ng v cha chy t ng bng nc, cha chy bng cc loi bnh xch tay, xe y cho cng trnh... H thng phng chng ho hon uc thit k da trn cc tiu chun thit k mi nht ca Vit Nam v Singapore. Chi tit h thng PCCC nh sau:
H thng cp nc cha chy:
Cp nc cho h thng cha chy c ly t ng ng ca thnh ph v c u ni vi b nc ca h thng phun ma cha chy t ng, b cp nc cho hng v lng phun cu ha t tng trt ca cng trnh.
H thng hng nc v lng phun cha chy:
c t ti tng trt dnh cho khu vc xe. H thng bao gm b cha nc vi dung tch tnh ton phc v cho cu ha trong vng 03 ting, mt b cp bm cu ha (mt vn hnh s dng v mt cho d phng) v mt bm mi. 13
Cc tr cp nc cu ha c b tr bn ngoi cng trnh lc lng cu ha c th s dng c. Ton b tr cp nc ny c lin h vi nhau.

H thng phun ma cha chy t ng
c chia thnh cc khu vc khc nhau v c p ng bi cc bm vn hnh, bm d phng v bm mi m bo p lc ca h thng. Ct cp cho h thng phun nc s c b tr bn ngoi cng trnh lc lng cu ha c th s dng. Cc tr cp nc ma cha chy t ng c b tr bn ngoi cng trnh lc lng cu ha c th s dng c.
H thng bo chy t ng/bn t ng:
Bng bo chy chnh dng loi c ch nh y v tr cc u bo khi, bo nhit, np knh p v, cc chung bo ng, van ngt gim st ph tr, cng tt bt vi phun, to thnh mt h thng hon chnh. Ton b cc u bo v im bo ng s c nh v mt cch t ng v ring bit.Ton b cc mch kn s c kim sot bng h thng. Bt k ng dy no c pht hin on mch v h mch s truyn tn hiu bo ng ti bng bo chnh. Chc nng ca cc u bo v im bo ng s lu gi mt cch y d liu vn hnh khi trng thi h, on mch hoc mt tn hiu xy ra trong mch kn.
Thit b cha chy cm tay:
Thit b cha chy cm tay nh bnh cu ha s c trang b trong cc phng k thut theo cc yu cu quy nh 1.4.2.4. Gii php thit k kt cu cng trnh
Phn mng:
c im ca d n The summit l khng c tng hm, khu t xy dng nm c lp 04 bn u tip gip vi ng giao thng nn vic thit k v thi cng phn mng ca cng trnh rt thun li.
Gii php mng cho cng trnh: Mng cc khoan nhi c ng knh 500mm, 600mm, 1000mm v 1200mm. B tng s dng cho cc cp bn B30 1x2cm; ct thp loi CIII. Vi c im h li ct khong t 3m n 6,5m v s tng ca cng trnh va phi nn gii php kt cu c chn l kt cu khung b tng ct thp thng chu lc. 14
Phn thn:

B tng s dng cp bn B30 1x2cm; ct thp loi CI, CIII. Tng ngoi xy gch c va xi mng M75 kt hp vi tng b tng ct thp ti mt s v tr xung yu, tng trong xy gch rng 6 l. S dng gia Sika chng thm cho cc kt cu b nc. (Ngun: D n u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit)
1.4.2.5. Vn u t thc hin d n: Tng vn u t thc hin d n: 329.192.000.000 ng (Ba trm hai mi chn t mt trm chn mi hai triu ng chn), c cu ngun vn u t nh sau: Bng 1.4: C cu vn u t xy dng d n STT 1 2 3 Ngun vn Vn t c ca cng ty Vn huy ng t khch hng Doanh thu Tng kinh ph u t d n
Gi tr u t (triu ng) 48.000 216.000 65.192 329.192
T l (%) 14,58 65,62 19,80 100,00
Kinh ph u t xy dng cc hng mc trong d n nh sau: Bng 1.5: Kinh ph u t xy dng ton d n
STT 1. 2. 3. 4. Cn h
Hng mc Khu thng mi - dch v H tng / mng Cy xanh, cnh quan Kinh ph chun b u t Cng kinh ph xy dng c bn D phng ph Kinh ph chuyn quyn s dng t
Gi tr u t (triu ng) 256.975 3.822 5.200 9.000 10.000 284.997 5.595 38.600 329.192 0 329.192 15
Tng gi tr u t xy dng Li vay trong thi gian xy dng Tng gi tr u t ton d n
Hnh thc u t: D n u t xy dng mi hon ton.
1.5. T CHC QUN L V THC HIN D N Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn s mt thu Cng ty Atelier Management (Vit Nam) lm n v qun l d n. Ch u t k hp ng thu cc n v t vn c lp : kho st hin trng, kho st a cht, lp thit k kin trc, M&E, tnh ton khi lng - d ton. Tin thc hin d n nh sau: Bng 1.6: Bng tin thc hin d n TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ni dung cng vic Xong phn cc Hon tt phn th Hon thnh thi cng C in Hon thnh cc hng mc kin trc Hon thin ngoi tht Kim tra v chy th a vo hot ng Thi gian hon thnh Thng 2/2010 Thng 11/2010 Thng 3/2011 Thng 4/2011 Thng 5/2011 Thng 7/2011 Thng 7/2011
Ngun: D n u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit
16
CHNG 2 IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T - X HI
2.1. IU KIN T NHIN V MI TRNG 2.1.1. iu kin t nhin 2.1.1.1. iu kin a l, a cht a. iu kin a l V tr xy dng D n nm trn khu vc c quy hoch nn c kh nhiu thun li nh:

Vic san nn c thc hin tng i bng phng. C s h tng nh h thng giao thng, thng tin lin lc, in, h thng cp thot nc u c xy dng hon chnh. Nhng thun li trn gip cho vic xy dng v hot ng ca d n gp nhiu sun s.
b. c im a cht Trn c s nghin cu thc a, khoan kho st a tng, s liu th nghim cc mu t, tham kho cc ti liu v s liu v cc yu t c lin quan a tng khu vc kho st, c im a cht ti ni xy dng D n c m t nh sau: Bng 2.1: Bng s b c im a cht khu vc d n STT Tn lp c im Phn trn: Ct ht mn mu xm vng ln gch v, dm - trng thi ri. Lp ph nn pha trn dy 1,0 1,2m. Lp 1 Ct ht mn Phn di: Ct ht mn: mu xm vng, xung di xm en. Rt m n bo ho hi nc. Trng thi cht va Chiu dy: 6,7m 7,1m Mu xm xanh, xm en Lp 2 Lp 3 Ct bi Ct ht mn Bo ho nc. Trng thi cht va Chiu dy: 2,5m 3,9m Mu xm trng, xm vng, xm xanh Bo ho nc. Trng thi cht va n cht 17
Chiu dy: 7,6m 8,8m Mu xm xanh, xm vng Lp 4 Ct bi n mn B o ho nc. Trng thi cht va Chiu dy: 3,2m 3,7m Mu xm xanh, xm vng Lp 5 St pha Trng thi do cng n na cng Chiu dy: 4,0m 7,0m Mu xm xanh, xm vng, xm trng Lp 6 Ct ht mn Bo ho nc. Trng thi cht va n cht Chiu dy: 2,0m 4,7m Mu xm xanh. Lp 7A Ct pha Trng thi do Chiu dy: 2,5m 4,2m Mu xm xanh. Lp 7B Ct pha Trng thi chy, kt cu km cht Chiu dy: 2,5m 4,0m Lp 8 Mu xm xanh, xm vng Ct ht trung n Bo ho nc. Trng thi cht va n cht ct si Chiu dy: 4,8m 7,2m Mu xm xanh, xm vng, xm en Lp 9 St Trng thi do dng n na cng Chiu dy: 12,0m 12,9m Lp 10 Mu xm xanh Ct pha ln nhiu Trng thi do hoc cng si sn Chiu dy: 2,9m 4,2m Mu xm tro, xm trng Lp 11 St Trng thi cng Chiu dy: Thay i mnh theo cc v tr mi khoan khc nhau (1,5m 10,3m)
Lp 12A
Mu xm en, xm trng Granite phong Lp ny b phong ho mnh, c nhiu khe nt ho mnh, nt n Chiu dy: 0,7m 1,0m Granite phong Mu xm trng, xm en ho nh Chiu dy: 0,5m 2,0m 18
Lp 12B
(Ngun: D n u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit) 2.1.1.2. c im kh tng - thu vn a. c im kh hu thnh ph Nng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit nm trn a bn thnh ph Nng nn mang tnh cht kh hu ca Nng. Kh hu thnh ph Nng l kh hu nhit i gi ma vi lng bc x di do, nng nhiu, nn nhit cao v lng ma phong ph. Tuy nhin s phn b kh hu theo khng gian v thi gian ht sc phc tp. S liu thng k ca Nin gim thng k Nng v c im kh hu ca Thnh ph Nng nh sau:
Nhit khng kh
Nhit nh hng n qu trnh pht tn cc cht nhim trong khng kh. Ngoi ra nhit cn lm thay i qu trnh bay hi cc cht nhim v cc cht gy mi hi khc. Thnh ph Nng nm trong vng ct ven bin, nn nhit vng ct cao do cc iu kin a l, bc x v c ch hon lu. Trong ma kh, do c ch hon lu t - bin, nhit khng kh t gi tr cao nht trc 13 gi, sau nhit gim dn do gi bin mang hi m vo. Bng 2.2: Nhit trung bnh cc thng trong nm ti Nng (n v: oC) Cc thng Thng 1 Thng 2 Thng 3 Thng 4 Thng 5 Thng 6 Thng 7 Thng 8 Thng 9 Thng 10 Thng 11 Thng 12 Bnh qun nm
S gi nng
Nm 2005 21,4 23,9 22,8 25,8 29,0 30,5 28,4 28,7 27,9 26,3 25,2 21,2 25,9
Nm 2006 21,6 23,3 24,0 26,9 27,6 30,2 30,1 28,3 27,3 26,7 26,2 23,4 26,3
Nm 2007 21,3 23,7 25,4 26,4 28,1 29,8 29,4 28,8 27,8 26,0 23,2 23,9 26,2
Nm 2008 21,6 19,4 23,3 27,0 27,7 29,4 29,5 28,6 27,8 26,3 24,4 21,5 25,5
Ngun: Nin gim thng k Nng nm 2008
19
Nng l yu t quan trng nh hng trc tip n nhit trong vng, qua nh hng n qu trnh pht tn cng nh bin i cc cht nhim. Bng 2.3: S gi nng cc thng trong nm ti Nng Cc thng Thng 1 Thng 2 Thng 3 Thng 4 Thng 5 Thng 6 Thng 7 Thng 8 Thng 9 Thng 10 Thng 11 Thng 12 C nm
m khng kh
Nm 2005 157,1 171,6 150,7 193,4 245,7 220,2 216,6 170,3 181,1 109,2 138,0 11,7 1.965,6
Nm 2006 94,2 115,0 163,5 240,4 260,8 289,8 199,4 177,8 172,4 193,3 209,4 77,3 2.193,3
Nm 2007 45,8 181,8 173,5 180,5 231,0 277,2 290,1 170,4 199,8 75,6 48,8 125,6 2.000,1
Nm 2008 110,4 24,0 157,9 241,4 227,2 226,6 277,2 201,7 165,2 112,2 68,0 49,2 1.861,0
Ngun: Nin gim thng k Nng nm 2008 m khng kh l yu t nh hng n qu trnh chuyn ho cc cht nhim v l mt trong nhng yu t vi kh hu nh hng n sc kho con ngi. m ln s lm cho cc phn ng ho hc ca cc cht thi (SO2, SO3,...) mnh hn to ra H2SO3, H2SO4. Bng 2.4: m trung bnh cc thng trong nm ti Nng (n v: %) Cc thng Thng 1 Thng 2 Thng 3 Thng 4 Thng 5 Thng 6 Thng 7 Thng 8 Thng 9 Nm 2005 84 85 84 83 77 71 80 78 82 Nm 2006 86 85 84 81 77 73 71 82 82 Nm 2007 87 83 85 80 80 74 76 78 81 Nm 2008 85 80 85 82 81 77 75 78 81 20
Thng 10 Thng 11 Thng 12 C nm

Ma
86 86 88 82
84 82 82 81
87 85 85 82
88 85 87 82
Ngun: Nin gim thng k Nng nm 2008 Ma c tc dng lm sch mi trng khng kh v pha long cc cht nhim trong nc. Lng nc ma cng ln th mc nhim trong khng kh cng gim. Tuy nhin, cc ht ma ko theo bi v ha tan mt s cht c hi ri xung t gy nhim t, nc. Ti Nng, ma ma bt u t thng 9 n thng 12. Tng lng ma trong ma ma chim t l kh cao so vi tng lng ma nm, hu ht u t trn 70% lng ma nm. Thng c lng ma ln nht l thng 10. Bng 2.5: Tng lng ma cc thng trong nm ti Nng (n v: mm) Cc thng Thng 1 Thng 2 Thng 3 Thng 4 Thng 5 Thng 6 Thng 7 Thng 8 Thng 9 Thng 10 Thng 11 Thng 12 C nm
Gi
Nm 2005 36,0 5,8 36,4 12,0 20,2 22,0 136,3 209,8 236,0 510,1 432,2 214,1 1.870,9
Nm 2006 97,9 33,8 2,2 9,2 68,7 2,3 127,3 346,2 394,4 618,8 278,6 254,4 2.233,8
Nm 2007 153,3 0,4 58,0 55,3 156,4 7,1 24,1 152,2 252,8 1.147,4 893,6 163,8 3.064,4
Nm 2008 82,8 33,6 53,7 67,0 157,7 35,5 47,9 56,6 230,3 1.006,5 568,6 185,3 2.525,5
Ngun: Nin gim thng k Nng nm 2008 Gi l yu t c nh hng ln nht ti s lan truyn ca cc cht nhim trong khng kh. S phn b nng cht nhim ph thuc vo tc gi. Tc gi cng nh th mc nhim xung quanh ngun nhim cng ln. Tuy nhin, trong mt s trng hp 21
nng cc cht nhim s t cc i tuyt i tc gi nguy him. V vy, khi nh gi mc nhim cn xem xt ti trng hp tc gi nguy him.
Ch gi: Nng nm trong khu vc nhit i gi ma nn c hai ma gi chnh l: gi ma
ma ng v gi ma ma h.
Hng gi thnh hnh: Hng gi ti Nng tng i phn tn, do a hnh chi phi nn hng gi khng
phn nh ng c ch hon lu. Tuy nhin, hng gi thnh hnh vn bin i theo ma r rt. + T thng 9 n thng 3 nm sau l Bc, ng v Ty Bc; + Thng 4 l thng chuyn ma, gi thnh hnh c hng ng; + T thng 5 n thng 8 c hng ng v Ty Nam.
Tc gi: Nng l thnh ph nm ven bin tip gip vi dy Trng Sn, cho nn hon lu
t bin v a hnh nh hng n tc gi. Song do tnh tri ca gi ma nn hon lu t bin c th hin gin tip: vo ban m phn lng gi tng ln ng k, tc gi gim v tn sut hng gi bin gim so vi ban ngy. Tc gi trung bnh nm ti Nng khong 1,5m/s. Trong trng hp nh hng ca bo, p thp nhit i, gi ma ng Bc... tc gi s cao hn gi tr tc gi trung bnh trn hng chc ln.
Bo v p thp nhit i
Trung bnh hng nm c 10 cn bo v p thp nhit i hot ng trn bin ng, trong o c t 5 n 6 cn nh hng trc tip n thi tit Vit Nam v thnh ph Nng c kh nng chu nh hng trc tip khng di 0,5cn/nm. Ma bo ti Nng t thng 8 nhng 11 nhng nhiu nht l voa thng 10 v thng 11. Tuy nhin, nhng cn bo tri ma hoc c th ni nhng cn bo hot ng khng theo nhng quy lut ph bin ca kh hu thng gy ra nhng thit hi v cng ln v ngi v ti sn nh cn bo s 2 vo thng 5 nm 1989. b. c im thu vn khu vc
Ch sng
Cc cht nhim s lan truyn theo hng sng nn hng sng l c s xy dng cc phng n phng chng s c nhim. Ch sng vng bin Nng ph thuc vo ma trong nm, t thng 10 n thng 4 nm sau, sng c hng thnh hnh l ng Bc 22
vi tn sut n nh vo thng 7 l 75,21%. Vo ma og tn sut sng theo hng ng Bc gim dn v chuyn sang hng ng (t 32,34% vo thng 4). T thng 5 n thng 8 (ma h) hng sng Ty Nam chim u th vi tn sut 61% (vo thng 7). Thng 8 (cui ma h) sng chuyn dn sang hng Nam vi tn sut 55,37%. Khi c bo, tc gi trong bo rt ln nn sng trong bo s ln hn nhiu so vi cc trng hp thi tit nguy him khc nh dng, gi ma ng Bc mnh. Sng bo ngoi khi rt ln v khi sng di chuyn vo b th cng sng thng gim i rt nhiu. Tuy nhin, khi bo b s gy ra nc dng ln vo lc triu cng, l ln v trong iu kin ny th nh hng do tc ng ca sng ti vng bin rt ng k. Trn c s s liu bo, c th tnh cao ca sng cc i ng vi chu k ti vng bin ngoi khi nng v Qung Nam. cao sng cc i c th t ti mc 7,5m (chu k lp li sau 5 nm) v 14,5m (chu k lpli 100 nm). Bng 2.6: cao sng cc i theo cc chu k ti vng bin ngoi khi Nng Chu k lp li (nm) cao sng cc i h5% (m)
Dng chy
5 7,5
10 9,5
20 11,0
50 12,6
100 14,5
Ngun: S liu quan trc sng ti Trm hi vn Sn Tr (t nm 1978 2002) Ch dng chy c nh hng rt ln n vic pha long v pht tn cht nhim. Dng chy ti vng bin Nng chu tc ng ca gi, do vy dng chy ch yu l ng Bc vo ma ng v Ty Nam vo ma h. Tc dng chy ma ng ln hn ma h. Vnh Nng c b dng vng cung, c ni Sn Tr v o Hi Vn che chn nn to ra cc dng chy gn nh mt xoy nc ln v km theo cc xoy nh ph thuc vo hng gi, a hnh v cc dng chy khc. Dng chy trong vnh Nng c thnh phn ht sc phc tp, bao gm dng chy mt , dng chy nc dng, dng chy triu, dng chy gi v dng chy sng. Trong dng chy gi v triu chim u th.
Ch triu
Vng bin Nng nm trong vng bn nht triu khng u, hng thng c khong 18 ngy c tnh cht nht triu. Bin triu ln nht ti ca sng Hn t 136 cm v trung bnh l 68 cm. Cng vo su trong sng bin triu cng gim dn. Trong nhng ngy nht triu, thi gian triu ln gn gp i thi gian triu xung. Trong nhng ngy bn nht triu, thi gian triu ln, xung thng u nhau. 2.1.2. Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin 2.1.2.1. Mi trng nc 23
Xung quanh v tr xy dng d n khng c nc mt, ngun nc mt gn nht l bin ng cch d n khong 1,5km v hng ng. Nc ngm ti khu vc d n cng ch c mt vi h dn s dng ti cy, ra xe,... khng s dng sinh hot. D n ch s dng nc thu cc ca Cng ty cp nc thnh ph Nng c trong qu trnh xy dng ln hot ng. Nc thi do D n pht sinh s c x l bng h thng x l nc thi tp trung t cc quy chun mi trng ri mi thi ra cng thot nc thnh ph nn hot ng ca D n s khng gy nh hng n cht lng ngun nc mt v nc ngm ti khu vc D n. Do chng ti khng nh gi hin trng mi trng nc ti khu vc d n. 2.1.2.2. Mi trng khng kh nh gi cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc d n, chng ti tin hnh o c, thu mu v phn tch cc thng s v cht lng mi trng khng kh. Kt qu c trnh by trong bng di y. Bng 2.7: Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc d n TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Thng s VT Nhit m Gi n Bi NO2 SO2 CO
o
K1 24 76 52 56 0,16 0,015 0,028 0,83
K2 24,2 76
K3 24 76
TCVN, QCVN 60(2) 0,3(1) 0,2(1) 0,35(1) 30(1)
% m/s dBA mg/m3 -
1,41 2,58 0,61 1,72 0,58 1,70 64,0 74,5 57,4 70,2 0,19 0,024 0,032 1,18 0,23 0,026 0,037 1,25
Ngun: Trung tm cng ngh mi trng Nng, 11/2009 Ghi ch: + Thi gian quan trc: Ngy 23/11/2009 + V tr o c thu mu: (V tr thu mu xin xem s S 09 trang 26)

K1: Ti khu vc trung tm D n K2: Pha trc cng D n (nm bn ng quy hoch) K3: Ti khu dn c ng Phan B Phin
+ (1): QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh. 24
+ (2): Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5949:1998: m hc - Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c - mc n ti a cho php. Nhn xt: So vi QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT th nng cc cht nhim o c c 3 v tr u thp hn quy nh, iu ny cho thy cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc cn kh sch, cha c du hiu b nhim bi bi v kh c. So vi tiu chun 5949:1998 th ting n ti v tr xy dng d n thp hn tiu chun quy nh. Khi o c trc cng khu D n v khu dn c th n vt mc cho php, iu ny l do lng xe c y qua li ng c, ting n ti y ch yu b nh hng bi cc phng tin giao thng. 2.2. IU KIN KINH T - X HI KHU VC Khu vc thc hin d n thuc a phn phng Th Quang, qun Sn Tr, thnh ph Nng. Trn c s thu thp s liu kinh t - x hi v sc kho cng ng ti phng Th Quang vo thng 11 nm 2009, chng ti tng hp cc iu kin kinh t - x hi khu vc nh sau: (Ngun: UBND phng Th Quang, 11/2009): 2.2.1. iu kin kinh t 2.2.1.1. Hin trng pht trin kinh t ca phng Hin trng pht trin kinh t ti phng ch yu tp trung vo cc nghnh cng nghip - tiu th cng nghip, nng - lm - thu sn, thng mi - dch v v du lch. Hin nay trn a bn phng c 74 c s doanh nghip, trong : + Cng nghip : 27 c s + Xy dng + Vn ti + TMDV : 13 c s : 08 c s : 26 c s
Sn xut cng nghip, tiu th cng nghip:
Cng nghip v tiu th cng nghip l nhng lnh vc c gi tr sn xut cao ca phng, gi tr sn xut theo thng k n thng 11/2009 t 582.303 triu ng Din tch t cng nghip l 43,84 ha
Nng nghip v lm nghip:
Din tch t nng nghip l 10,53 ha v t lm nghip c din tch l 4040,71 ha. Tng gi tr sn xut ca nng nghip v lm nghip t 347 triu ng.
Thu sn:
25
Nghnh thu sn phng ch yu tp trung vo cc hot ng ch bin thu sn v nh bt c, mc, tm... gn hoc xa b. Gi tr sn xut nghnh thu sn nm 2009 t 38.642 triu ng (tnh n thng 11/2009)
Thng mi dch v:
Thng mi dch v cng l lnh vc sn xut em li ngun li ln cho phng. Tng gi tr sn xut nghnh thng mi dch v t 201.872 triu ng.
Du lch:
Pha ng, Bc phng Th Quang gip vi bin ng. y l mt vng bin p, tp trung nhiu khu du lch, resort p nh Bi Bt resort, Bi Nam resort, Bi Bc resort,... vi cc dch v hp dn l ni thu ht du lch, gp phn vo s pht trin kinh t ca phng. Gi tr sn xut nghnh du lch t 2.000 triu ng. 2.2.1.2. nh hng pht trin kinh t trong tng lai nh hng pht trin kinh t ca phng trong thi gian ti l u t, y mnh pht trin cc nghnh cng nghip - tiu th cng nghip, du lch v thng mi - dch v. 2.2.2. iu kin x hi 2.2.2.1. V tr a l phng Th Quang Din tch t t nhin ca phng l 4665,1148 ha. V tr a l ca phng nh sau:

Pha Bc Pha Nam Pha ng Pha Ty
: Gip bin ng : Gip phng Ni Hin ng v phng Mn Thi : Gip bin ng : Gip vnh Nng
2.2.2.2. Dn s v lao ng Theo thng k tnh n thng 11/2009, Phng Th Quang c dn s l 25.680 ngi, trong c 12.441 nam v 13.269 n. Tng s h dn ca phng l 6.376 h. S ngi tui lao ng l 15.556 ngi. T l gia tng dn s l 1,05%. Thu nhp bnh qun u ngi: 1.500.000 ng/thng 2.2.2.3. Gio dc v y t Trn a bn phng hin c 04 trng mu gio, 03 trng tiu hc v 01 trng trung hc c s. Phng c 02 trm x vi tng cng 09 ging, 01 bc s v 04 y s. Cc loi bnh thng gp phng l bnh v ung h hp v mt. 2.2.2.4. C s h tng v v sinh lao ng 26
Giao thng:
H thng giao thng trong khu vc tng i thun li, c cng Tin Sa, c trc ng giao thng chnh l ng Ng Quyn y l tuyn ng ln trong khu vc nn lu lng xe c qua li rt ln. Ngoi ra trn a bn phng cn c cc tuyn ng nha, ng b tng. T l cc loi ng ti phng nh sau: + ng nha + ng b tng + ng t
Cp in:
: 47% : 26% : 27%
Ti khu vc c mng li in ca thnh ph, s h s dng in l 100%

Thng tin lin lc:
C bu in Sn Tr v h thng bu cc trong phng. Ton phng s dng mng li truyn thanh, truyn hnh khu vc thnh ph Nng. Mng li i truyn thanh phng c lp t v a vo s dng. Mng li vin thng c ph sng n mi ni trong phng. Mi h dn u s dng in thoi c nh hoc in thoi di ng
Cp nc:
100% h dn ti phng s dng nc thu cc sinh hot, mt s t h dng nc ngm ti cy, ra xe...
Thot nc:
Trn a bn phng c h thng thot nc tuy cha hon chnh. Hin nay h thng thot nc ang c ci to, nng cp. Nc thi ti phng ch yu c thot ra sng, bin v thm vo lng t.
V sinh mi trng:
Ti phng c 100% s h c h x t hoi. Rc thi c a phng hp ng vi Cng ty Mi trng th thnh ph Nng thu gom v a i x l.
27
CHNG 3 NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG DO VIC THC HIN D N

3.1. NH GI TC NG 3.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng 3.1.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi a. Ngun gy tc ng trong giai on xy dng Giai on thi cng xy dng ca d n s gy ra mt s tc ng trc tip hoc gin tip n mi trng v con ngi. Cc ngun gy tc ng mi trng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on ny c trnh by trong bng sau: Bng 3.1: Tng hp cc ngun pht sinh gy tc ng mi trng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on xy dng ca d n TT Ngun pht sinh Tc nhn Tc ng
- Bi; Thi cng xy dng cc - Khi thi; hng mc cng trnh, - Cht thi rn xy vn chuyn nguyn vt dng; liu xy dng - Ting n v rung
- nhim khng kh, t, nc. - Gy mi hi, lm mt cnh quan trong lnh ca khu vc. - nh hng n sc kho ngi - Cht thi sinh hot lao ng. Sinh hot ca cng (nc thi, cht thi - nh hng h sinh thi nhn ti cng trng rn) Nhn chung, trong giai on thi cng xy dng, cc cht gy nhim chnh n mi
trng bao gm: a1. Cc ngun pht sinh kh thi, bi:
Ngun pht sinh

Bi pht sinh trong qu trnh vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng
Qu trnh vn chuyn ct, , sn, xi mng... phc v cho qu trnh xy dng lm pht sinh bi do:

t, ct ri vi t thng xe. Bi t pht sinh t mt ng do cc xe ti vn chuyn t , nguyn vt liu xy dng cun ln. 28
Thnh phn ho l ca bi loi ny cng l cc ht t , ct c kch thc ln hn 10 micron, thuc loi bi nng, d sa lng v khng pht tn i xa. Nng nhim ph thuc vo cht lng ng x v iu kin thi tit (nhng ngy nng nng, c gi ln bi s pht tn mnh hn)... Bi t pht tn trong qu trnh vn chuyn thng gy nhim trong phm vi hp, bn knh khong 10m. Nng bi trong khng kh s tng cc b dc theo tuyn ng vn chuyn t im cung ng vt liu v khu vc d n, nht l vo ma kh.
Bi, kh thi t cc thit b my mc thi cng xy dng cng trnh:
san p nn, thi cng xy dng cng trnh, n v thi cng s dng khong 1 3 xe ti, my m, 1 my trn b tng, 1 xe mc... vn chuyn t ct, m nn, o mng, cng thot nc. Hot ng ca cc my mc, thit b thi cng v cc phng tin vn ti lm pht sinh kh thi cha cc cht nhim khng kh bao gm: Bi, SO2, NOx, CO, hydrocacbon... Tuy nhin, s lng phng tin tham gia thi cng khng nhiu, hot ng khng cng lc, khu vc thc hin d n tng i thng thong,... nn nng kh thi rt thp.
Thi lng:
Bi t pht sinh t mt ng do cc xe ti vn chuyn vt liu xy dng:
i vi bi pht sinh t mt ng do cc xe ti vn chuyn vt liu xy dng, vt t, thit b... Thi lng v nng bi pht tn t ng ln s ph thuc vo nhiu yu t nh cht lng ng s ni cc xe chy qua; vn tc xe chy; trng ti ca xe; qung ng i; s bnh ca xe... Nu bit c cc s liu nh lng chi tit ny, chng ta c th da vo h s nhim do WHO thit lp d bo thi lng v nng bi pht sinh do qu trnh vn chuyn vt liu xy dng. H s nhim bi pht tn t mt ung do hot ng ca cc xe vn chuyn c WHO thit lp nh sau: Bng 3.2: Bng h s pht sinh bi do cc xe vn chuyn chy trn ung Ngun pht sinh Hot ng vn chuyn nguyn, vt liu xy dng Loi ng ng ri si ng st ng lt , nha (b rng < 10m) ng lt , nha (b rng > 10m) n v 1000 km 1000 km 1000 km 1000 km H s pht sinh bi (*) (kg/1000km/xe) 3,7 x f (**) 2,1 x f (**) 15 4,4
29
Ghi ch:
(*)
: H s pht sinh bi trong ma nng : f = S(W0,7)( w0,5) + S: vn tc trung bnh ca xe (km/h) + W: Ti trng trung bnh ca xe (tn) + w: S bnh xe trung bnh
(**)
Ngun: Assessment of Sources of Air, Water, and Land Pollution Park I WHO, Geneva 1993. Thi gian thi cng xy dng d kin l 14 thng (bng 1.5 trang 15), lm vic 30 ngy/thng. Gi s p ng tin thi cng, hng ngy cn c 20 chuyn xe ti (trng ti 10 tn) vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, qung ng vn chuyn trung bnh khong 10km (vt liu c mua ti thnh ph Nng), loi ng nha, ly thi gian lm vic l 10h/ngy. p dng h s tnh ton nhanh do WHO thit lp i vi xe chy du c trng ti t 3,5 16 tn khi chy on ng di 1000Km s thi vo khng kh lng cht nhim nh sau: Bng 3.3: Thi lng bi pht sinh do cc xe vn chuyn chy trn ng trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng Loi ng ng nha (b rng >10m) H s pht Thi lng bi sinh bi pht thi trung (kg/1000km.xe) bnh (kg/ngy) 4,4 0,88
Khi thi t cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng:
Cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng u s dng nhin liu l du DO, khi hot ng s thi ra mi trng mt lng ln khi thi cha nhiu cht nhim nh bi, CO, SO2, NOx, s gp phn lm nhim mi trng khng kh ti khu vc. Thi lng cc cht nhim ph thuc vo nhiu yu t nh vn tc xe chy, phn khi ng c, cht lng ng c, lng nhin liu tiu th, qung ng i, Nu bit c lng nhin liu tiu th hng ngy hoc qung ng i ca cc loi phng tin trn, chng ta da vo h s nhim do WHO (T chc Y t th gii) thit lp nh bng sau (bng 3.4) th c th c tnh c thi lng cc cht nhim do cc phng tin ny thi vo mi trng. Bng 3.4: Bng h s nhim i vi cc loi xe chy du DO 30
H s nhim ca xe ti c trng ti t 3,5 16 tn Cht nhim Bi SO2 NOx CO Ghi ch: S: hm lng lu hunh trong du (%) Ngun: Assessment of Sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution Park I WHO, Geneva, 1993. Nh nu trn, c tnh trung bnh mi ngy d n c khong 20 chuyn xe vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng vi qung ng trung bnh l 20km (c i ln v), thi gian lm vic l 10h/ngy, ng giao thng trong khu vc thc hin d n l ng th, hm lng lu hunh trong du DO l 0,25%, thi gian thi cng n khi hon thin cc cng trnh kin trc l 14 thng. Thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi t hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng vn ti nh sau: Bng 3.5: c tnh thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi Cht nhim Bi SO2 NOx CO a2. Ngun pht sinh nc thi
Nc thi sinh hot:
(kg/1000km hoc kg/tn du) Trong thnh ph Ngoi thnh ph ng cao tc 1000km tn du 1000km tn du 1000km tn du 0,9 4,3 0,9 4,3 0,9 4,3 4,29S 20S 4,15S 20S 4,15S 20S 11,8 55 14,4 70 14,4 70 6,0 28 2,9 14 2,9 14
Lng cht nhim pht sinh (kg/1000km.xe) 0,9 4,29S 11,8 6,0
Thi lng trung bnh ngy (kg/ngy) 0,36 0,43 7,72 2,40
Nc thi sinh hot pht sinh do hot ng n ung, v sinh,... ca cc cng nhn trong thi gian xy dng cng trnh. c tnh trong giai on xy dng, s lng cng nhn trung bnh hin din trn cng trng khong 100ngi/ngy v mi ngi s dng khong 50 lt nc/ngy (ca) th tng lng nc s dng khong 5m3 v lng nc thi khong 4m3 (lng nc thi chim 80% lng nc cp). 31
Thnh phn nc thi sinh hot ch yu l cc cht hu c d b phn hu sinh hc (nh cacbonhydrat, protein, m), cht dinh dng (N,P), cht rn l lng v vi sinh gy bnh. Cc cht ny c th gy nhim mi trng nu khng c x l.
Nc thi xy dng:
Nc thi xy dng pht sinh do vic ti, ra vt liu xy dng (ti gch, trn va, b tng,...), ra dng c xy dng, nc v sinh trong khu hon thin cng trnh. Thnh phn nc thi ny ch yu cha cn l lng, c,... khng cha cc thnh phn c hi.
Nc ma chy trn:
Nc ma chy trn trn b mt khu vc thi cng s cun theo cc cht rn, cht bn, du m ri vi xung lng ng v chy vo h thng cng thot nc chung ca khu vc, gy nhim ngun tip nhn. a3. Ngun pht sinh cht thi rn: Cht thi rn pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng cng trnh gm:
Cht thi rn xy dng: ch yu l cc loi cht thi nh bao b, st thp vn, , ct,
si, xi mng, chng ti s thc hin cng tc thu gom, phn loi v x l hp l lng cht thi rn ny.
Cht thi rn sinh hot: Gm bao b, thc n tha... Theo c tnh trung bnh mt ngy
mi cng nhn lm vic ti khu vc d n s thi ra khong 0,3 kg rc thi. Mi ngy c khong 100 cng nhn lm vic ti khu vc d n th lng rc thi sinh hot pht sinh l 30 kg/ngy. b. Ngun gy tc ng khi d n i vo hot ng Cc ngun gy tc ng mi trng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on d n hot ng nh sau: b1. Cc ngun gy nhim khng kh:
Ngun pht sinh:

Kh thi do hot ng ca my pht in d phng Kh thi do hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng (cha bi, SO2, NO2, CO,...) Mi pht sinh t khu vc nh hng v do nu nng ca cc h dn
Thi lng v nng cc cht nhim:

Kh thi do hot ng ca my pht in d phng:
Thi lng cc cht nhim:
32
Khi i vo hot ng, phng s c mt in, d n trang b 02 my pht in d phng c cng sut 1000 KVA, s dng nhin liu chy my l du DO c hm lng lu hunh trong du l 0,25%; t tng 0,86. Theo nh mc, lng du DO s dng khong 150l/h (130kg/h). Theo phng php nh gi nhanh ca WHO, ta c th c tnh c thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi ca my pht in nh sau: Bng 3.6: c tnh thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi ca my pht in d phng TT 1 2 3 4 Geneva, 1993.
Cht nhim Bi SO2 NOx CO
H s nhim (kg/tn du) 0,71 20S 9,62 2,19
Thi lng trung bnh (mg/s) 25,64 180,56 347,39 79,08
Ngun: Assessment of Sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution Park I WHO, Nng cc cht nhim: Nng cc cht nhim t khi thi c tnh ton trn c s thi lng nhim v lu lng khi thi. + Lu lng khi thi c tnh theo cng thc sau:
B. V020 + ( 1).V0 .( 273 + T ) L= 273.3600
(m3/s)
(Ngun: S tay hng dn x l nhim mi trng trong sn xut tiu th cng nghip S Khoa hc cng ngh v mi trng thnh ph H Ch Minh 1999) Trong : B : Lng du DO t trong 1 gi. B = 130kg Vo : Lng khng kh cn t chy 1kg du DO. Vo = 10,5 m3/kg
20 20 V 0 : Lng khi (200C) sinh ra khi t 1kg du DO. V 0 = 11,5 m3/kg
: H s tha khng kh, ly bng 1,25 : Nhit kh thi, ly bng 1500C =>
L= 130.[11,5 + (1,25 1).10,5].( 273 + 150 ) = 0,79 (m3/s) 273.3600
33
Nh vy, nng cc cht nhim trong khi thi do chy my pht in theo tnh ton l thuyt nh sau: Bng 3.7: Nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in QCVN TT Cht nhim VT
3
Nng
19:2009/BTNMT (Ct B) 120 300 510 600 thut quc gia v kh thi cng
1 2 3 4 Ghi ch: QCVN Nhn xt:
Bi mg/m 32,46 SO2 228,56 NOx 439,73 CO 100,1 19:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k
nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c Cc kt qu bng 3.7 cho thy so vi quy chun QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT ct B, nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi do chy my pht in u thp hn tiu chun cho php. Mt khc my pht in ch hot ng khi c s c mt in nn kh thi do chy my pht in nh hng khng ng k n mi trng xung quanh.
Kh thi do hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng
Hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng ra vo khu chung c lm pht sinh khi thi (cha bi v cc cht kh c hi). Tuy nhin, hin nay hu ht cc loi xe tham gia giao thng u l loi xe i mi, c cht lng cao nn nng bi, kh c trong khi thi rt thp. c tnh s b thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi ca cc loi xe, chng ti s dng h s nhim do WHO thit lp nh cc bng sau: Bng 3.8: H s nhim khng kh i vi cc loi xe t chy trn loi ng th Cc loi xe ng c < 1400cc ng c 1400 - 2000 cc ng c > 2000cc n v (U) 1000 km tn nhin liu 1000 km tn nhin liu 1000 km tn nhin liu Bi (kg/U) 0,07 0,87 0,07 0,72 0,07 0,63 SO2 (kg/U) 1,61S 20S 1,94S 20S 2,23S 20S NOx (kg/U) 0,20 2,46 0,25 2,57 0,25 2,24 CO (kg/U) 1,71 21,21 1,49 15,39 1,49 13,41
34
Bng 3.9: H s nhim khng kh i vi cc loi xe m t Cc loi xe ng c 2 th < 50cc ng c 2 th > 50cc ng c 4 th > 50cc n v (U) 1000 km tn nhin liu 1000 km tn nhin liu 1000 km tn nhin liu Bi (kg/U) 0,12 6,7 0,12 4 SO2 (kg/U) 0,36S 20S 0,6S 20S 0,76S 20S NOx (kg/U) 0,05 2,8 0,08 2,7 0,30 8 CO (kg/U) 10 550 22 730 20 525
Ghi ch: S: hm lng lu hunh trong nhin liu. Trong xng, hm lng lu hunh khong 0,039% Ngun: Assessment of Sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution Park I WHO, Geneva, 1993. Trong trng hp ton b cc cn h trong khu chung c u c s dng, vi 146 cn h, 4ngi/cn, ta gi nh s h gia nh c t l 30 v mi 1 h gia nh mua 2 xe my th s xe my s l 292 xe. Gi s vo lc cao im c khong 10 xe t chy vn tc trung bnh 40km/h v 50 xe my vi vn tc 40km/h ra vo khu chung c, cc loi xe t u l loi c ng c>2000cc, xe my ph bin l loi 4 th >50cc v u s dng xng c hm lng lu hunh trong xng l 0,093%, c tnh thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi ca cc phng tin giao thng ra vo khu chung c vo gi cao im nh sau: Bng 3.10: c tnh thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi do xe t v m t ra vo khu chung c gy ra Thi lng trung bnh trong gi cao im (mg/s) Xe t Bi SO2 NOx CO 7,78 10,00 27,78 165,56 Xe m t 16,67 166,67 11.111,1
Cht nhim
Mi pht sinh t hot ng ca nh hng v do nu nng ca cc h dn
Mi pht sinh t cc qu trnh ny ch yu l mi thc n, y l loi mi c tnh nh hng cc b, ch yu trong khu vc nh bp. 35
b2. Cc ngun gy nhim mi trng nc Nc thi pht sinh trong giai on d n i vo hot ng bao gm nc thi sinh hot v nc ma.
Nc thi sinh hot
Ngun pht sinh: + T qu trnh sinh hot ca nhn vin v cc h gia nh + T cc hot ng dch v nh: nh hng, lau chi, v sinh... + Nc thi ra lc h bi
Thnh phn: c im c bn ca nc thi sinh hot l cha nhiu cht bn khc nhau m trong
c hm lng cao ca cc cht hu c khng bn vng, d b phn hu sinh hc (nh cacbonhydrat, protein, cht bo), cc cht dinh dng (phospho, nit), mt s ln vi sinh vt v cn b, cn l lng.
Lu lng: Theo tnh ton nhu cu s dng nc khi d n i vo hot ng vi cng sut ti a
xp x 149,95 m3 (trang 10) (khng tnh lng nc ti cy, ra ng, nc cha chy). Theo mt s ti liu th lng nc thi sinh hot thng chim khong 80% lng nc cp (TS. Trnh Xun Lai Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi NXB Xy dng H Ni 2000) nn lu lng nc thi trung bnh ngy m ca d n l: 149,95 x 0,8 = 119,96 m3/ngym 120 m3/ngym
Nng v thi lng cc cht nhim: Theo nghin cu ca Metcalf v Eddy, nng cc cht bn trong nc thi sinh hot
nh sau: Bng 3.11: Cc thnh phn c trng v nng ca n trong nc thi sinh hot Cht nhim 1. Cht rn tng cng - Ho tan (TDS) - L lng (SS) 2. Cht rn lng c 3. BOD5 4. COD n v mg/l Nng Nh 350 250 100 5 110 250 Trung bnh 720 500 220 10 220 500 Nng 1200 820 350 20 400 1000 36
Cht nhim 5. Nit tng (tnh theo N) - Hu c - Amoni t do - Nitrit - Nitrat 6. Photpho tng (tnh theo P) 7. Tng Coliform
n v MPN/100ml
Nng Nh 20 8 12 0 0 4 10 - 10
6 7 8
Trung bnh 40 15 25 0 0 8 10 10
8
Nng 85 35 50 0 0 15 10 109
7
Ngun: Wastewater Engineering Treatment and Reuse. METCALF & EDDY, McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Fourth Edition, 2003. Kt qu bng trn cho thy nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot u rt ln. Tuy nhin trong thc t nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot ph thuc vo iu kin sng, cht lng ba n, lng nc s dng... Theo ti liu ca TS Trn c H, nng cc cht bn trong nc thi sinh hot ca khu dn c Kim Lin, H Ni nh bng sau (Bo co ti NCKH B94-34-06 M hnh cc trm XLNT cng sut nh trong iu kin Vit Nam): Bng 3.12: Nng cc cht bn trong nc thi sinh hot ca khu Kim Lin TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ch tiu COD BOD5 TSS TDS NH + 4 PO 3 4 Coliform n v mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/100ml Nng (mg/l) 315 250 270 750 32 12,5 13.106 QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (Ct B) 50 100 1000 10 5000
Ngun: Trn c H - Bo co ti NCKH B94-34-06 - M hnh cc trm x l nc thi cng sut nh trong iu kin Vit Nam Trng i hc Xy dng, H Ni, 1995. Ghi ch: QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot. Nhn xt:
37
T cc kt qu cc bng trn cho thy ngun nc thi sinh hot ca d n nu khng c x l th y l ngun thi c nng cc cht nhim ln, vt quy chun cho php v gy tc ng xu n mi trng.
Nc thi t h bi:
Nc cung cp cho h bi khong 360m3, lng nc ny khng thi ra mi trng m hng ngy s b sung thm cho h lng nc do bc hi khong 1% ngy (3,6m3/ngy) Thnh phn nc thi h bi ch yu cha cc cht kh trng [Ca(OCl)2 hoc TCCA], dit rong ru (CuSO4) hoc c th cha nhng cht thi do mt s ngi v thi ra nh m di, nc mi... Khi thay mi nc h bi th lng nc ny khng thi ra mi trng m c x l v s dng tun hon nn nc thi t h bi ch yu l nc ra b phn lc. Thnh phn nc ra lc ch yu l cn v cht bn hu c. Vic ra b phn lc ch 1 ln/tun v nc ra lc khong 5m3/ln.
Nc thi t h to cnh quan:
Nc dng cho h to cnh quan khong 60m3. Lng nc ny khng x ra thng xuyn m ch khi thay mi nc h th mi thi ra. Thi gian xc ra h khong 4 thng/ln. Thnh phn ch yu ca nc thi t h to cnh quan l cc cht l lng, cht bn hu c (rong ru, phn c...). Nhn chung, nng cc cht nhim t ngun thi ny s thp hn nhiu so vi cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot. Khi x ra ngoi s nh hng khng ng k n mi trng.
Nc ma chy trn:
Nc ma chy trn qua mt bng khu vc s cun theo cc cht cn b, t, ct ri vi trn mt bng. Theo WHO, 1993 nng cc cht nhim trong nc ma nh sau:

Tng Nit : 0,5 1,5 mg/l. Photpho COD SS : 0,004 0,03 mg/l. : 10 20 mg/l. : 10 20 mg/l.
Kt qu trn cho thy: nng cc thng s c trong nc ma rt thp; thp hn nhiu so vi nc thi sinh hot. b3. Cc ngun cht thi rn 38
Cht thi rn pht sinh ch yu do sinh hot ca cc h dn, CBCNV v cc hot ng phc v ngi dn trong cc cn h.
Thnh phn ch yu ca cht thi rn bao gm:
+ Cht thi thc phm: thc n, rau qu tha... Loi cht thi ny phn hu nhanh, trong qu trnh phn hu to mi hi, thi rt kh chu, nht l trong iu kin thi tit nng m. + Cht v c: bao b cc loi, snh s thu tinh, polymer...
Khi lng cht thi rn:
Vit Nam, lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh ty thuc vo tng loi th v dao ng t 0,35 kg/ngi.ngy n 0,8 kg/ngi.ngy (Ngun: Trn Hiu Nhu, ng Quc Dng, Nguyn Th Kim Thi Qun l cht thi rn, tp 1 NXB Xy dng, H Ni, 2001). c tnh lng rc thi pht sinh t cc h dn v CBCNV ca Khu chung c cao cp The Summit khong 0,8kg/ngi.ngy, vi s lng CBCNV l 80 ngi v dn c trong cc cn h l 584 ngi (tnh trung bnh 4ngi/cn h) th khi lng rc thi sinh hot pht sinh hng ngy l: 0,8 x (80 + 584) = 531,2 (kg/ngy) Lng cht thi rn ny nu khng c t chc thu gom v a i x l theo quy nh th s gy tc ng xu n mi trng khu vc. 3.1.1.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi a. Giai on thi cng xy dng cng trnh: Cc ngun gy tc ng mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai on thi cng xy dng cng trnh gm:
S lng xe trong khu vc tng ln lm nh hng n vic i li ca ngi dn a phng, tng s v tai nn giao thng. Qu trnh rung ng khi thi cng s gy nh hng n cc h dn gn v tr xy dng d n (ch yu l cc h dn ven ng Phan B Phin). C kh nng xy ra hin tng st ln nn t trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng, lm ng, cng trnh, gy nguy him n nh ca, tnh mng ca cng nhn lao ng v ngi dn khu vc ln cn.
Vic thi cng phn mng ca cng trnh ch yu gy nhim ting n, y l tc ng mang tnh tm thi, ch pht sinh trong thi gian xy dng. Pht sinh bi t bm trn cy ci v cc cng trnh ven ng gy mt m quan khu vc. 39
Vic tp trung lao ng xy dng cng trnh c th nh hng n tnh hnh an ninh, trt t x hi ti a phng. Pht sinh ting n, ch yu t cc ngun: + My mc, thit b san i, m nn; + My trn b tng; + My ng cc; + Xe ti vn chuyn nguyn vt liu. n pht sinh do hot ng ca cc my mc thit b c lit k bng sau: Bng 3.13: n mt s thit b thi cng trn cng trng Thit b My khoan Xe ti My xc My m My ko My cp t My p b tng Cn trc di ng My i My trn b tng Ngun: - Ti liu 1 - Ti liu 2 : Nguyn nh Tun v cc ng s : Mackernize, L.Da, nm 1985 n cch ngun 15m (dBA) Ti liu 1 87 85 93 75 Ti liu 2 82 94 72 84 72 74 77 96 80 93 76 87 75 88
Theo TCVN 5948 1998, mc n cho php khu dn c t 6h n 18h l 60 dBA, t 18h n 22h l 55 dBA, theo nh s liu t bng trn th ting n t cc loi my mc thi cng u vt so vi tiu chun quy nh. Tm li, trong qu trnh chun b mt bng, thi cng xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh, vic pht sinh cc ngun gy tc ng n cht lng mi trng ti khu vc l iu khng trnh khi. Tuy nhin, nhng tc ng ny ch xy ra tm thi trong gian on xy dng, khi cc cng trnh ca d n hon thnh th cc tc ng ny s khng cn na. b. Giai on d n i vo hot ng 40
Cc ngun gy tc ng mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai on d n i vo hot ng c th k n nh sau:
Mt giao thng trong vng tng ln lm gim cht lng ng s, nh hng n an ton giao thng. Khi d n hot ng s thu ht mt lng ln dn c n , s dng dch v ti y (mua sm khu trung tm thng mi...), t c th gy nh hng n an ninh trt t ti a phng.
Trong giai on hot ng ca d n, khi xy ra mt in, my pht in s hot ng v sinh ra ting n. Theo s liu ca U ban qun l ng cao tc (FHA) ca M, mc n ca my pht in thng dao ng trong khong 70 80 dBA.
Gii quyt mt phn lao ng d tha ti a phng, ng gp vo ngn sch nh nc.
3.1.2. i tng, quy m b tc ng 3.1.2.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng Cc i tng b tc ng trong giai on thi cng xy dng bao gm:
Mi trng khng kh
Mi trng khng kh ti khu vc d n, trn tuyn ng vn chuyn t, chu nh hng do bi t, khi thi t my mc, thit b thi cng, phng tin vn chuyn. nh hng n cc h dn trn ng Phan B Phin bi bi, ting n, rung...
Mi trng nc:
Nc thi ti khu vc d n s chy vo h thng cng thnh ph, hn na xung quanh khu vc d n khng c ngun nc mt, nc ngm cng khng c ngi dn s dng sinh hot nn nc thi do D n pht sinh khng gy nh hng n mi trng nc khu vc.
Mi trng t:
Ton b din tch t trong khu vc d n b tc ng lm thay i cu to, tnh cht lp t b mt do vic san i, thi cng ca d n.
Mi trng kinh t - x hi:
Cc cht gy nhim mi trng trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng gy nh hng n sc kho ca ngi dn thuc khu dn c Bc Phan B Phin v ngi dn i li trn cc tuyn ng giao thng ti khu vc d n.
41
Khi thi cng xy dng s tuyn m lao ng, gii quyt cng n vic lm cho ngi dn trong vng, tng cc hot ng dch v, tng thu nhp. nh hng n an ninh trt t ti a phng do tp trung ng cng nhn, nh hng n giao thng khu vc do phng tin vn chuyn t ct, nguyn vt liu thi cng...
3.1.2.2. Trong giai on d n i vo hot ng

Mi trng khng kh
Mi trng khng kh ti khu vc d n b tc ng do kh thi t cc phng tin tham gia giao thng, kh thi ca my pht in d phng (khi mt in)
Mi trng nc
Hot ng ca d n khng gy nhim mi trng nc ti khu vc.

Mi trng kinh t - x hi
Tng ngun thu ngn sch, to cng n vic lm, pht trin cc hot ng dch v, tng thu nhp... nh hng n an ninh trt t ti a phng, tng mt giao thng trn cc tuyn ng xung quanh khu vc d n.
3.1.3. nh gi tc ng 3.1.3.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng cng trnh a. Tc ng ca cc ngun gy nhim khng kh
Tc ng ca bi Bi t t qu trnh thi cng xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh. y l ngun
nhim thp v gy ra nhim cc b ti khu vc d n, ch yu nh hng n cng nhn lao ng trn cng trng (gy cc bnh v ng h hp, mt,...). Ngoi ra bi cn gy nh hng n h thc vt ti khu vc (bi bm trn mt l s gy cn tr qu trnh quang hp ca cy), lm cho mi trng khng kh khu vc b nhim, mt i mi trng trong lnh nh trc y.
Bi t pht sinh t mt ng do cc xe vn chuyn vt liu xy dng, y cng l
ngun nhim thp v gy nhim hai bn ng (ngun tuyn) ca tuyn ng m cc xe ny chy qua. nh hng xu n mi trng sng ca cc h dn hai bn ng (bi bm vo nh ca, thc n, vt dng trong nh,... lm mt v sinh, gy bnh) v ngi tham gia giao thng trn tuyn ng m cc xe ny chy qua (bi bm vo qun o, mt mi,... lm mt v sinh, gy bnh).
Tc ng ca kh thi t phng tin vn chuyn v thit b thi cng
42
Hot ng ca cc thit b thi cng c gii v phng tin vn chuyn lm pht sinh cc cht nhim nh: bi, kh c (CO, SO2, NOx) gp phn gy nhim mi trng khng kh xung quanh v gy nh hng n sc kho ca cng nhn lao ng trn cng trng (cc loi kh nh SO2, NOx nng cao s gy nh hng n h h hp, au u,... , kh CO lm gim kh nng vn chuyn oxy ca mu i nui c th). Thi lng cc cht nhim ph thuc vo lng nhin liu b t (lng my mc hot ng ti cng trng), thnh phn nhin liu v cht lng my mc s dng. Nhin liu s dng vn hnh thit b, chy ng c l du DO, c hm lng lu hunh thp (S=0,05%) nn pht sinh kh thi c cha hm lng SO2 thp hn mc tiu chun cho php. Hn na, s lng my mc hot ng khng nhiu, khng thng xuyn, khu vc d n c khng gian rng, thong nn pha long cc cht nhim, do mc tc ng ca kh thi t phng tin vn chuyn v cc thit b thi cng l rt thp. b. Tc ng do nc thi
Nc thi sinh hot:
Nc thi sinh hot pht sinh do hot ng ca cng nhn trong thi gian xy dng cng trnh. c im c bn ca nc thi sinh hot l cha hm lng cao cc cht hu c d phn hu sinh hc, cht dinh dng, cc cht rn l lng v vi sinh gy bnh. Kt qu bng 3.11 v 3.12 trang 38;39 cho thy hu ht nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot u vt quy chun cho php (QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT). Do vy, nu khng c bin php qun l v x l ph hp th lng nc thi ny c nguy c gy nhim n ngun nc tip nhn, gy nhim khng kh (gy mi) ti khu vc. Tuy nhin, lng nc thi sinh hot pht sinh trong giai on thi cng xy dng nh khong 4m3/ngy (theo tnh ton trang 33) nn mc tc ng l khng ng k.
Nc thi xy dng:
Nc thi xy dng pht sinh do vic ti, ra vt liu xy dng (ti gch, trn va, b tng,...), ra dng c. Phn ln lng nc ny thm vo vt liu, t thi ra mi trng. Thnh phn nc thi ch yu cha cn l lng, c, hn na nc thi xy dng ch pht sinh trong mt thi gian ngn nn tc ng n mi trng khng ng k.
Nc ma:
Khi tri ma, nc ma t mi nh xung v t khu vc sn bi s cun theo t ct, du m, cc cht thi rn ri vi xung h thng thot nc khu vc. y cng l ngun c th gy nh hng n cht lng mi trng nc. So vi nc thi th nc ma kh sch nn nh hng khng ng k n ngun nc tip nhn. c. Tc ng do cht thi rn: 43
Trong giai on thi cng xy dng s pht sinh cc loi cht thi rn nh sau:
Cht thi rn xy dng:
Gm t, , gch ngi v, g cp pha, bao b xi mng, st thp vn, loi cht thi ny tr vi mi trng v s c thu gom, tn dng nn tc ng n mi trng khng ng k.
Cht thi rn sinh hot:
Cht thi rn sinh hot: ch yu l thc n tha, v rau qu, giy vn, cc loi bao b, do sinh hot ca cng nhn trn cng trng. Lng cht thi ny tuy khng ln, khong 30kg/ngy (theo tnh ton trang 33) nhng nu khng c bin php qun l, thu gom x l hp l hoc tn ng nhiu ngy s to mi trng sng cho mt s vt ch trung gian gy bnh nh rui, mui,... gy tc ng trc tip n i sng sinh hot ca cng nhn ti cng trng. d. Tc ng ca ting n: Ting n cng l ngun gy tc ng xu n mi trng khu vc. Ting n ch yu pht sinh t cc xe ch t thi, nguyn vt liu xy dng v cc phng tin thi cng c gii. Cc loi phng tin ny c kh nng gy ting n mc cao (bng 3.13 trang 41) s gy tc ng xu n mi trng lm vic, sinh hot ca con ngi ti khu vc xy dng D n. Tuy nhin, do ting n lan truyn trong khng kh s gim dn theo khong cch nn mc nh hng n khu vc xung quanh trong phm vi khng ln, ch yu tc ng trc tip n sc khe ca cng nhn trn cng trng. Mc n gim i theo khong cch c tnh theo cng thc sau: L = 20.lg( Trong : + L: mc n gim theo khong cch + r1 = khong cch t ngun gy n n im o bit + r2 = khong cch (m) t ngun gy n n im b tc ng + a: h s hp th ting n (i vi mt t c cy: a = 0,1) Ting n gy nh hng n c quan thnh gic, gim hiu sut lao ng v phn x ca cng nhn, c th dn ti tai nn lao ng, l nguyn nhn ca bnh thn kinh, au u, gim tr nh... 44
r2 1+a ) (dB) r1
y l iu khng trnh khi do tnh cht cng vic ca cng nhn cng trng. Tuy nhin tc ng ny ch mang tnh tm thi. e. Tc ng ca rung ng khi thi cng: Rung ng khi thi cng c kh nng gy xung cp cc nh ca dn xung quanh v tr xy dng d n, nh hng i sng sinh hot ca ngui dn ti y (ch yu ven ng Phan B Phin). Tuy nhin y l tc ng mang tnh tm thi, ch xy ra trong qu trnh xy dng th cc hng mc cng trnh ca d n. f. Tc ng n mi trng kinh t - x hi:
Vic tp trung mt lng cng nhn kh ln trong thi gian xy dng c th gy tc
ng tiu cc ti an ninh, trt t x hi ti khu vc d n. Chng ti s u tin s dng lao ng l ngi dn a phng lm gim mc tc ng n tnh hnh an ninh, trt t x hi ti y.
Hot ng ca cc phng tin vn ti trong thi gian thi cng lm tng mt giao
thng trong khu vc, do lm gim cht lng ng s, nh hng n an ton giao thng trong khu vc.
Trong giai on thi cng cng c tc ng tch cc l gp phn gii quyt lao ng,
tng thu nhp tm thi cho ngi lao ng. kch thch pht trin mt s loi hnh dch v nh kinh doanh n ung, gii kht, nh tr phc v cho sinh hot ca cng nhn khu vc d n. nh gi chung: Hu ht cc tc ng pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng u gy tc ng xu n mi trng xung quanh: c mi trng khng kh; mi trng t, cnh quan khu vc, mi trng kinh t - x hi. Tuy nhin, nhn chung cc tc ng pht sinh u ch nh hng mc thp hoc trung bnh, ngn hn v c th khc phc c bng cc bin php qun l v k thut. 3.1.3.2. Trong giai on hot ng ca d n a. Tc ng ca ngun gy nhim khng kh v ting n Hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng, my pht in d phng, nu n... lm pht sinh bi, kh thi gy nh hng n cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh.
i vi hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng:
Hu ht cc phng tin giao thng ra vo khu chung c u l cc loi xe i mi, cht lng cao, kh thi m bo tiu chun x thi theo quy nh nn ngun tc ng ny c nh gi l rt thp. 45
i vi hot ng ca my pht in d phng
My pht in d phng ch hot ng ch hot ng khi s c mt in xy ra, m ngun in trong khu vc kh n nh, s c mt in t khi xy ra v nu c cng ch din ra trong thi gian ngn nn hot ng ca my pht in l khng thng xuyn. Hn na ch d n s u t my pht in loi mi, hin i v c b phn x l kh thi nn nh hng ca my pht in d phng l khng ng k. b. Tc ng ca nc thi
Nc thi sinh hot
Theo nh tnh ton, nh gi phn trn (trang 37), lng nc thi sinh hot hng ngy ca Khu chung c xp x 120m3/ngym, nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi u vt mc quy nh ca QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT nhiu ln. Trong trng hp nc thi sinh hot ca d n khng c x l hoc khi h thng x l gp s c th lng nc thi ny khi chy ra h thng cng thot nc khu vc s gy tc ng xu n mi trng tip nhn. Mt s tc ng ca nc thi sinh hot c th k n nh sau:

Lm tng mc chu ti ca h thng thot nc chung trong khu vc. Cc hp cht hu c c trong nc thi khi phn hu s gy mi hi thi kh chu, gy nh hng n ngun nc tip nhn v nh hng n cht lng mi trng khng kh ti im x thi cng cc khu vc ln cn.
Nc ma
Nc ma chy trn s cun theo cn b, bi t bm trn cng trnh, l ng vo h thng thot nc ca khu vc. Tuy nhin nng cc cht nhim trong nc ma chy trn thp nn mc tc ng l khng ng k. Nc ma ch tc ng ng k trong thi gian u ca cn ma (nc ma nh u); cc thi im sau, tc ng ca nc ma l rt thp.
Tc ng ca nc thi t h bi
Nc thi t vic thay mi nc h bi v nc ra b phn lc lm tng hm lng cn lng, c, cht hu c cho ngun tip nhn. Tuy nhin, nc h bi c x l v s dng tun hon; vic ra b phn lc l khng thng xuyn (1ln/tun; nc ra lc khong 5m3) nn mc tc ng l thp. c. Tc ng ca cht thi rn Cht thi rn pht sinh t cc hot ng ca d n ch yu l rc thi sinh hot. Tng lng rc thi ra hng ngy ca d n khong 531,2 kg/ngy (theo tnh ton trang 40) 46
Thnh phn rc thi cha nhiu cht hu c d b phn hu, trong iu kin thi tit nng m, vi sinh vt s phn hu lng cht hu c ny lm bc mi hi thi. ng thi, ngun rc thi l ni pht trin v sinh sng ca cc loi gm nhm, cc vt ch trung gian gy bnh nh rui, mui,... tc ng xu n sc kho con ngi v cnh quan khu vc thc hin d n. Nu rc thi khng c thu gom hp l, khi gp ma, nc ma s cun lng rc trn xung ng, gy mt m quan khu vc, nh hng n dn c xung quanh. d. Tc ng n giao thng khu vc ca cc phng tin ra vo khu chung c Khi hot ng ht cng sut, s lng t ti d n c th t 30 chic v lng xe my xp x 292 chic. Lng phng tin ny khi ra vo d n s lm tng mt giao thng ti khu vc. Tuy nhin cc tuyn ng giao thng ti khu vc d n u l ng ln, ng nha pha trc cng d n l ng 10,5m v tuyn ng Ng Quyn rng hn 20m nn rt thun tin cho vic di chuyn, khng gy tc nghn giao thng. D n c thit k vi quy m c th cha c 37 t v 302 xe my. Nh xe ca d n gm 2 ca ra, vo; mi ca rng 6m, m bo kh nng ra vo lin tc ca cc loi xe, khng gy tc nghn giao thng trc ca. Nhn chung, h thng giao thng ti khu vc xy dng d n rt thun li nn cc phng tin giao thng ra vo d n s gy nh hng khng ng k n tnh hnh giao thng khu vc. e. Tc ng v kinh t - x hi Khi d n i vo hot ng s c nhiu tc ng tch cc n iu kin kinh t - x hi ti khu vc ni ring v ca thnh ph Nng ni chung. Tuy nhin, s khng trnh khi nhng tc ng tiu cc n mi trng x hi ti khu vc. Sau y l nhng tc ng ch yu do hot ng ca d n n mi trng kinh t - x hi:
Tc ng tch cc:
Gii quyt cng n vic lm cho mt s lao ng a phng. To iu kin tng thu nhp, nng cao i sng ngui dn trong khu vc. Gp phn y nhanh pht trin kinh t x hi ca a bn khu vc d n ni ring v thnh ph Nng ni chung Tng thm ngun thu cho ngn sch. Khi d n hot ng s lm tng mt lng dn c lu tr, khch s dng cc dch v ca d n (mua sm trung tm thng mi), t c th gy nh hng n vn an ninh, trt t an ton x hi ca a phng. 47
Tc ng tiu cc:
Tng mt giao thng vng d n do vic vn chuyn, di chuyn ca dn c ti khu chung c, tng nguy c mt an ton v tai nn giao thng trong khu vc. nh gi chung: Trong s cc ngun tc ng tiu cc phn tch trn th nc thi sinh hot l
ngun gy tc ng n mi trng c cho l ng k nht. Tt c cc ngun tc ng trn u c th pht sinh trong sut thi gian hot ng ca d n, tch t li v gy sc p ln ln sc chu ti ca mi trng v c th dn n nhim nu cng tc qun l v x l mi trng ca d n khng c thc hin nghim tc. Do chng ti s nghim tc thc hin cc cng tc bo v mi trng hn ch n mc thp nht cc tc ng ca d n gy ra n mi trng. 3.1.4. D bo ri ro, s c mi trng do d n gy ra Nhng ri ro, s c c th xy ra trong qu trnh xy dng cng nh khi d n i vo hot ng gm: 3.1.4.1. Trong giai on xy dng: a. Kh nng chy n Khi thi cng xy dng cng nh khi d n i vo hot ng, vic s dng cc loi nguyn vt liu, nhin liu khng ng quy nh rt d gy chy, n. Cc nguyn nhn dn n chy n c th do:
Vn chuyn nguyn vt liu v s dng cc cht d chy nh xng, du gn nhng ni c ngun pht sinh nhit hay tia la trn. Do v hoc s sut trong vic s dng in gy chy. Tn tr cc loi rc, cc cht thi rn c ngun gc t giy, g trong khu vc thi cng xy dng, c bit l cc khu vc c la hay tia la hn. Cc thit b v in: dy trn, dy in, ng c, qut,... b qu ti trong qu trnh vn hnh, pht sinh nhit v dn n chy; cc trng hp nh: ng ngt cu dao, chy cu ch, mi ni dy dn khng cht cng l nguyn nhn d pht sinh ra tia la in.
b. Tai nn lao ng Hot ng thi cng, xy dng cng trnh rt d xy ra tai nn lao ng do cc nguyn nhn sau:

Ri nguyn vt liu khi bc d, tai nn giao thng trong khu vc; Va ng gia cc thit b vn chuyn vi nhau; Va ng gia cc thit b vn chuyn vi ngi lao ng; 48
gin gio, ngi lao ng b ri, ng t gin gio khi lm vic hoc khi ln xung gin gio; Ngi lao ng b ng t trn mi, Sp khi lp kt cu thp, tho lp my; Do s thiu thc tun th nghim chnh cc ni qui v an ton lao ng; Bt cn, thiu tp trung trong lao ng; Do vic t chc mt bng thi cng trn cng trng cha hp l; Thiu trang thit b bo h lao ng; Do thi tit, nht l vo nhng ngy tri nng nng lm cho cng nhn d b say nng, gy nhc u, chng mt, mt mi, Tri ma lm cho gin gio, nn t trn, T c th dn n ti nn lao ng;
Ngoi ra, cn do bt li v t th lao ng, khng gian lm vic cht hp, cc yu t tm l khng thun li khc,
3.1.4.2. Trong giai on d n hot ng a. S c chy n

S c chy n c th xy ra do nhiu nguyn nhn:
Do chp mch, qu ti, st nh vo my bin p. Do s sut trong qu trnh s dng in (nguy c chy do chm in chim khong 90%); Do gp s c trong qu trnh bo qun v s dng gas nu n,... Do s sut trong qu trnh un nu Do bt cn, thiu s hiu bit hoc thiu thc ca nhn vin khi giao nhn nhin liu nh du DO cho my pht in d phng, gas cho vic nu nng Do s xut, thiu s hiu bit hoc thiu thc khi s dng la ht thuc, vt tn thuc, Hoc c th do ph hoi, mu thun c nhn, do say ru, tr em nghch la, Gy nhim mi trng do pht sinh nhiu tro, bi, cc kh c hi (CO, SO2, NOx) v nc thi c c cao t qu trnh cha chy. Gy thit hi v ti sn, vt kin trc, nh hng n cnh quan khu vc. C th gy thit hi v tnh mng con ngi (bao gm c CBCNV v ngi dn c tr, khch mua sm ti D n) Chy l mt trong nhng s c c sc tn ph ln. Khi chy xy ra nu khng c
S c chy n xy ra thng dn n mt s tc ng nh:
cu cha kp thi s gy thit hi ln v ngi v ti sn, nh hng nghim trng n mi 49
trng sinh thi, lm thay i cnh quan khu vc. Do vy, Ch d n s c bit ch trng n tnh an ton ca cc thit b s dng v cng tc PCCC trong qu trnh hot ng ca d n. b. Bo v p thp nhit i (ATN) Bo l mt trong nhng hin tng thi tit c bit nguy him. ng knh ca bo n hng trm km, khi i qua bt c vng no bo u gy ra nhiu thit hi, nht l nhng vng chu nh hng trc tip ca bo. Ma bo khu vc thnh ph Nng cng nh khu vc min Trung thng xut hin t thng IX n thng XI hng nm, nhng cng c nm bo xut hin sm (thng V, VI) hoc bo mun (thng XII). Bo v ATN l hin tng thi tit nguy him. Khi trn bin bo lm m thuyn, khi vo t lin s gy thit hi v nh ca, vt kin trc, h tng c s v c bit l thit hi v ngi. Bo cn thng km theo ma ln gy l lt v thng thng km theo hin tng thi tit ny l vic xi l t. Cc ri ro ny ngoi vic gy thit hi v ngi v ti sn cng s gy tc ng xu n mi trng khu vc. c. S c t h thng x l nc thi Trong qu trnh vn hnh h thng x l nc thi c th xy ra cc s c nh: qu ti, cp in, h hng cc thit b x l hoc vn hnh khng m bo cc yu cu k thut,... dn n nc thi ca D n khng c x l t tiu chun trc khi thi ra ngoi mi trng, gy nh hng n ngun tip nhn, nh hng n mi trng sng ca ngi dn xung quanh khu vc d n... V vy, chng ti s c cc bin php phng chng cc s c, ri ro ny. 3.2. NHN XT MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC NH GI Cc phng php nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM) m chng ti p dng trong bo co ny l nhng phng php hin ang c s dng rng ri trong cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng cho cc d n pht trin kinh t - x hi Vit Nam v trn th gii v mang li nhng kt qu v hiu qu to ln trong cng cuc bo v mi trng gn vi mc tiu pht trin kinh t - x hi. Cc phng php TM ny cng c a vo gio trnh ging dy cho sinh vin ngnh cng ngh v qun l mi trng ca cc trng i hc nn c tin cy cao. Bng 3.13: Tng hp mc tin cy ca cc phng php TM s dng TT 01 Phng php Phng php thng k tin cy Cao Nguyn nhn Da theo s liu thn k chnh thc 50
c cng b 02 Phng php ly mu ngoi hin trng v phn tch trong phng th nghim Phng php nh gi nhanh theo h s nhim do WHO thit lp nm 1993 Phng php so snh Phng php lp bng lit k Cao - Thit b ly mu, phn tch mi, hin i. - Da vo phng php ly mu tiu chun. Cha tht s ph hp vi iu kin Vit Nam Kt qu phn tch c tin cy cao Phng php ch nh gi nh tnh hoc bn nh lng, da trn ch quan ca nhng ngi nh gi Da vo kin chnh thc bng vn bn ca UBND v UBMTTQ Vit Nam phng Th Quang, qun Sn Tr, Tp. Nng.
03 04 05
Trung bnh Cao Trung bnh
06
Phng php tham vn cng ng
Cao
Bo co TM ca d n Khu chung c cao cp The Summit do Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn s mt lm ch u t vi s t vn ca Trung tm Cng ngh Mi trng Nng (DENTEC). vi kinh nghim nhiu nm lp bo co TM, DENTEC nh gi y v c tin cy cn thit v cc tc ng ca d n v xut c cc gii php kh thi hn ch cc tc ng c hi. Trong qu trnh tin hnh lp bo co TM, chng ti tp hp c mt lng d liu, s liu ln v s dng nhiu phng php TM c mc tin cy cao. Do vy, cc nh gi trong bo co TM ny c thc hin mt cch chi tit v khi qut c tt c cc tc ng mi trng do hot ng ca d n gy ra v cc tc ng ny c nh gi mt cch trung thc, t ph thuc vo tnh ch quan ca ngi nh gi nn c tin cy. Bn cnh ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho, Cng ty cn nhn c cc kin tham vn ca U ban nhn dn v U ban Mt trn T quc cp phng ti a im thc hin d n nn nh gi cc tc ng nu trong bo co p ng c yu cu thc t ca a phng. Bo co TM ny s l cng c c hiu lc cho vic gim thiu hoc khc phc hu qa tiu cc do d n gy ra, ng thi l mt cng c S Ti nguyn v Mi trng thnh ph Nng qun l v bo v mi trng. Tuy nhin, c nhng nh gi do cn thiu d liu, s liu hoc c nhng chui s liu cha di, cha i din cho quy lut v hin trng mi trng ti khu vc nn nhng nh gi ny c mc chi tit cha cao, c th nh sau: 51
V hin trng mi trng ti khu vc: Cc s liu quan trc tuy c tin cy nhng chui s liu cha di, ch trong mt
thi gian nht nh nn ch mi nh gi ng vo thi im quan trc ch cha phn nh ng v cht lng mi trng ti khu vc. Do , vi c s d liu thu thp c l cha iu kin cho vic nh gi cht lng mi trng ti khu vc cho nn vic nh gi ny c mc chi tit v tin cy cha cao.
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CHNG 4 BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG
4.1. I VI CC TC NG XU 4.1.1. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong giai on thi cng xy dng hn ch cc tc ng trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh, chng ti thc hin mt s bin php sau: 4.1.1.1. Bin php qun l
Lp k hoch, tin , t chc thi cng hp l, cng trnh c xy dng nhanh, hon thnh sm (d kin vo gia nm 2011 s a vo hot ng) Quy nh c th thi gian lm vic trong ngy, khng vn hnh cc phng tin, my mc thit b vo bui tra v ban m. Phng tin tham gia vn ti phi c giy ng kim, phi t cc tiu chun lu hnh, li xe phi c bng li, yu cu tun th cc quy nh v an ton khi tham gia lu thng. Xy dng v ban hnh cc ni quy lm vic ti cng trng (ni quy ra, vo lm vic ti cng trng; ni quy an ton chy n; ni quy v v sinh mi trng; ni quy an ton lao ng; ni quy v an ton in; ni quy s dng thit b nng cu; quy tc an ton i vi my v thit b, cc quy tc v an ton khi s dng gin gio,). T chc ph bin cc ni quy ny n cng nhn v thng xuyn kim tra, nhc nh cng nhn chp hnh nghim chnh nhng ni quy ny.
Trang b y cc phng tin bo h lao ng cho cng nhn nh o qun bo h, giy, m, knh, nn bo h, gng tay,... m bo cht lng v tin xy dng cng trnh. Nng cao thc gi gn an ninh trt t - x hi, thc hin ni quy sinh hot c nhn trong i ng cn b cng nhn thi cng cng trnh.
u tin vic s dng ngun nhn lc ti a phng. Phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng ca a phng thng xuyn kim tra sinh hot ca cng nhn li cng trng vo ban m.
4.1.1.2. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do nc thi
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Trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng d n, ngun gy nhim mi trng nc ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn. trnh gy nhim n mi trng xung quanh, chng ti yu cu cc n v tham gia thi cng xy dng cc cng trnh v sinh tm thi nh rnh, nh v sinh (cng trnh v sinh t thm) thu gom v x l nc thi sinh hot, khng chy trn trn mt t.
Chng ti s s dng lao ng ph thng l ngi dn a phng gim bt lao ng lu tr qua m, qua gim lng nc thi v hn ch tnh trng gy nhim mi trng.
Nc ra vt liu xy dng v nc ra dng c: loi nc ny cha cc cht bn l t, ct khng gy c hi cho mi trng nn loi nc ny s c cho t thm ti ch..
Qun l, ngn chn r r xng du v vt liu c hi do xe vn chuyn gy ra. gim thiu rung do qu trnh thi cng xy dng, chng ti s p dng cc bin
4.1.1.3. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do rung php sau:

S dng my mc thi cng i mi. S dng cng nhn lnh ngh, c kinh nghim x l cc tnh hung gy rung hn ch n mc thp nht rung gy ra. Trong trng hp c s phn nh ca ngi dn gn v tr xy dng d n (ch yu l
dn c sinh sng trn ng Phan B Phin) v rung gy nh hng n sinh hot v nh ca ca ngi dn, chng ti s nhanh chng kim tra, xc nh mc thit hi ca cc nh dn b nh hng v c bin php n b tho ng, ng thi thc hin trit cc bin php gim rung vic thi cng khng tip tc gy nh hng n dn c xung quanh. 4.1.1.4. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do st ln Vic xy dng mt khu chung c 19 tng c kh nng gy st ln gy nguy him n tnh mng ngi dn v cc cng trnh cng cng. hn ch kh nng st ln, chng ti s p dng cc bin php sau:

Kho st k a cht, a hnh khu vc xy dng d n trc khi thi cng. Thc hin cc bin php, k thut xy dng thch hp i vi c im a cht, a hnh khu vc xy dng d n. Nu pht hin xy ra st ln, chng ti s nhanh chng thc hin cc bin php khc phc s c, m bo an ton cho tnh mng cng nhn trn cng trng, dn c v cc cng trnh cng cng xung quanh khu vc xy dng d n. 54
4.1.1.5. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do kh thi, ting n
V tr xy dng d n tng i thun li, ch c pha nam l c dn c (khu dn c trn ng Phan B Phin) nn ting n do vic g hn ch tc ng n mt b phn nh dn c.
Khng vn chuyn v vn hnh my mc gy ra ting n ln vo gia tra v ban m gy n cho khu vc xung quanh. Khng s dng cc my mc, thit b qu c gim mc gy n v cc kh c hi trong khi thi; thng xuyn kim tra, bo dng, thay th cc thit b h hng. lm gim ting n do vic g hn, chng ti s thc hin cc bin php sau: s dng cng nhn c tay ngh kim sot tt hn vic g hn; s dng cc tm chn bao quanh lm gim ting n...
Trang b y cc phng tin bo h lao ng cho cng nhn nh khu trang chng bi, nt tai chng n,...
4.1.1.6. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do bi

Lp ro chn cch ly khu vc d n vi cc khu vc xung quanh. Khng ch vt liu ri qu kh, qu ti v phi c bt che gim pht tn bi. Phun nc b mt t nhng khu vc thi cng Thng xuyn v sinh t ct ri vi ti khu vc cng ra vo cng trng. Ra sch cc bnh xe cc xe vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng, t ct trc khi ra khi cng cng trng.
4.1.1.7. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do cht thi rn
i vi cht thi rn xy dng: c thu gom hng ngy, v sinh cng trng gn gng sch s. Cc loi cht thi rn nh st thp vn, bao b xi mng,... c thu gom v bn ph liu; t, s dng san lp mt bng ti ch khng thi ra mi trng.
i vi rc thi sinh hot: n v thi cng s t cc thng rc v yu cu, nhc nh cng nhn b rc ng ni quy nh, khng vt b trn b mt cng trng v thu Cng ty Mi trng th Nng n thu gom, a di x l theo quy nh.
4.1.2. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong giai on hot ng ca d n 4.1.2.1. Bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng khng kh a. i vi cc phng tin giao thng:

B tr khu vc u xe ca khch, CBCNV v ca cc h dn hp l Phi tt my ngay khi dng xe ti khu sn 55
Trng cy xanh hn ch bi, khi t, xe my pht tn ra mi trng khng kh xung quanh.
b. Gim thiu nhim khi thi my pht in: My pht in ca Khu chung c ch dng d phng khi mt in nn mc tc ng nh. Tuy nhin, hn ch n mc thp nht mc tc ng do hot ng ca my pht in d phng, chng ti s thc hin cc bin php sau:

u t mua my pht in hin i i mi, loi c b phn x l kh thi v gim m B tr my pht in tch bit vi cc cn h v khu mua sm (ti tng trt ca d n). Xy dng tng cch m hoc s dng cc b v cch m bao bc bn ngoi my pht in, ng thi lp cc m chng rung hn ch ting n. S dng du DO c hm lng lu hunh thp (S 0,25%) Vn hnh my pht in ng quy trnh qu trnh t chy nhin liu c hon ton nhm gim thi lng cc cht nhim. Thng xuyn kim tra, bo dng my, v sinh my v ng khi theo ng quy nh ca nh sn xut.
c. X l kh thi v mi hi t khu vc nh bp: Trong qu trnh ch bin thc n s pht sinh mi. Ngun nhim ny tuy khng c hi nhng s gy kh chu cho con ngi v gy nhim cc b, ch yu khu vc nh bp. hn ch n mc thp nht nh hng ca khi thi, mi do nu nng n mi trng khng kh v sc kho ca cc h gia nh, chng ti s s dng cc bin php sau:
X l kh thi v mi hi t nh bp ca nh hng thuc d n:
gim thiu khi thi v mi t khu vc nh bp ca nh hng, chng ti s p dng cc bin php sau:
Chng ti s s dng nhin liu kh ho lng (LPG) cung cp nhit cho qu trnh nu nng. y l loi nhin liu sch, gy nhim mi trng khng kh khng ng k. Ti khu vc bp, chng ti s lp t h thng kh mi. Mi pht sinh trong qu trnh nu thc n s c ht qua lp lc bng than hot tnh bi mt qut ht kh mi trc khi thi ra mi trng. Khi thi s c ht, dn ln tng mi ca khu chung c v thot ra ngoi mi trng. S cu to ca h thng ny nh sau: Kh sch thot ra
(2) (3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
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Ghi ch: (1) : Bp ga (2) : Chp ht (3) : Lp kh mi (4) : Qut ht
X l khi thi v mi hi t bp ca cc h dn trong d n:
Chng ti khuyn co cc h gia nh s dng nhin liu kh ho lng (LPG) cung cp nhit cho qu trnh nu nng, do s gy nh hng n mi trng khng kh khng ng k.
Cc thit b thng gi, ht kh mi ti khu vc nh bp ca cc cn h s c cc ch h t trang b theo nhu cu ring ca mnh. Chng ti ch thit k h thng ng ng thng hi t ngm trong tng thun li cho vic lp t cc thit b thng gi, ht kh mi ti khu vc nh bp ca cc cn h sau ny. Vic lp t cc thit b ca ch h phi c s cho php ca ch u t, m bo khng gy nh hng n ngui khc v m quan chung ca d n.
Khi thi t nh bp pht sinh s theo h thng ng ng thng hi t ngm trong tng dn ln tng mi ca khu chung c v thot ra ngoi mi trng.
4.1.2.2. Bin php gim thiu nhim do nc thi. a. H thng thu gom v thot nc
H thng thot nc ma:
Nc ma c thu t mi, chy dc theo h thng ng ng thot nc ma trong khu chung c v chy vo cc h ga tng trt. Di tng trt c rnh thu nc ma y bng np ghi gang dn vo h ga thot nc. Cc h ga thu nc ma c bm y s c s dng cho nhng khu vc thp ni khng th thot nc t chy bm nc ma ln h thng thot nc chung, sau x vo h thng thot nc ca thnh ph. Nc ma t cc khu vc ngoi tri (t va h, l ng quanh khu d n) c dn ti h thng thot nc ma chung ca khu vc ri x ra cng thnh ph. (Bn v h thng thot nc ma xin xem s S 05,06 phn ph lc)
H thng thot nc thi sinh hot:
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Ton b nc thi sinh hot ca D n khi i vo hot ng s c thu gom dn v h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca d n x l t quy chun quy nh trc khi thi ra cng chung ca thnh ph. (Bn v h thng thot nc thi sinh hot xin xem s S 03,04 phn ph lc)
Nc thi t b bi
Nc thi t b bi c s dng tun hon tr li sau khi qua x l bng cc b lc p lc v kh trng bng Clo. Sau mt thi gian lm vic, ht vt liu lc b cht li v lm gim hiu qu v tc lc, khi chng ti s tin hnh ra cc thit b lc nc. V vy, trong qu trnh x l s c mt lng nc thi ra lc (khong 5 m3/1 ln ra/1 tun). Nc thi ra lc c thu gom v x l cng vi ngun nc thi sinh hot. S h thng thu gom v thot nc thi ca d n nh sau: Hnh 4.1: S h thng thu gom v thot nc thi ca D n Nc ma H ga
V sinh Nc thi sinh hot n ung, tm git...
B t hoi
Nc ra lc b bi b. Bin php x l nc thi nh v sinh
H thng x l nc thi tp trung
H thng thot nc thnh ph
Nc thi v sinh c thu gom, x l bng h thng b t hoi 3 ngn. B t hoi l cng trnh ng thi lm hai chc nng: lng v phn hy cn lng. Nc thi t nh v sinh theo ng ng thu gom vo b, chuyn ng qua cc ngn s trong dn do cc cht l lng dn dn lng xung y b. Qua thi gian 3 6 thng, cc cht hu c s c phn hy bi cc vi sinh vt ym kh mt phn to thnh cc cht kh, mt phn to thnh cc cht v c ha tan. Chng ti s thu Cng ty mi trng th nh k n ht phn cn lng v chuyn n ni x l theo quy nh. Nc thi sau khi qua x l bng b t hoi c dn vo h thng x l nc thi tp trung.
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Tnh ton b t hoi (theo ti liu X l nc thi PGS. PTS Hong Hu Nh xut bn xy dng, H ni 1996) Th tch ca b t hoi c xc nh theo cng thc sau: W = W1 + W2 W1: Th tch phn lng nc ca b W2: Th tch phn cha bn + Th tch phn lng: W1 =
a.N .T (m3) 1000
+ Th tch phn cha bn: W2 = Trong : a: Tiu chun thi nc. a = 35 lt/ngi.ngy N: S ngi s dng. N = 664 ngi (80 nhn vin + 584 dn cn h) T: Thi gian lu nc b. Chn T = 2 ngy b: Tiu chun tnh ngn cha bn. ly b = 60 lt/ngi + T ta tnh c:W1 = 46,48 m3. W2 = 39,84 m3 Nh vy, tng th tch b t hoi l: W = Wl + W2 = 46,48 + 39,84 = 86,32 m3 Trn c s tnh ton, chng ti s tin hnh xy dng 03 b t hoi 3 ngn. Mt b nm bn pha trung tm thng mi x l s b nc thi thi ra t nh v sinh y, 02 b cn li c b tr hp l pha bn khu chung c x l lng nc thi nh v sinh t cc cn h thi ra. (S v tr b t hoi xin xem s S 07 phn ph lc) c. Bin php x l nc thi t cc hot ng khc ca cc cn h v khu thng mi: Nc thi pht sinh t hot ng ca nh bp s c thu gom v c tch du m bng b tch du m trc khi a vo h thng XLNT tp trung ca khu chung c. Cc ngun nc thi t cc hot ng khc ca cc cn h v khu thng mi dch v nh nc tm git, v sinh nh ca... c thu gom ring v dn n h thng XLNT tp
b.N (m3) 1000
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trung ca khu chung c x l cng vi nc thi t nh bp, nc thi t cc nh v sinh ( qua x l bng b t hoi) v nuc ra lc b bi. d. H thng x l nc thi tp trung ca d n Do trong nc thi cha mt lng ln cc cht hu c, cn lng v vi khun gy bnh nn chng ti chn cng ngh x l cho h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca Khu chung c The Summit l x l sinh hc hiu kh bng bn hot tnh. Vi lu lung nc thi trung bnh ca ca d n xp x 120 m3/ngym = 5m3/h (theo tnh ton trang 37), ly h s khng iu ho K=5 (Theo TCVN 7957:2008 Thot nc - mng li v cng trnh bn ngoi tiu chun thit k) th lu lng tnh ton ln nht s l: 5 x 5 = 25 m3/h = 600 m3/ngym Chng ti s u t xy dng mt trm XLNT tp trung x l nc thi ca Khu chung c cao cp The Summit vi cng sut l 600m3/ngym.
S h thng x l nc thi tp trung:
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Hnh 4.2: S h thng x l nc thi tp trung Nc thi ra lc b bi Nc thi t cc hot ng khc ca khu chung c Nc thi sau b t hoi
Sc kh s b B thu gom v iu ho Sc kh
B Aeroten
Bn hi lu Bn thi B nn bn
B lng ng Chlorine
B kh trng
Xe ht bn
B cha s c
H thng thot nc thnh ph (t QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT, ct B)
Chn lp
Thuyt minh s cng ngh x l:
+ Nc thi t cc nh v sinh sau khi x l bng b t hoi s theo ng ng kn t chy n ng ng thu gom nc thi chung ca d n chy vo b iu ho ca h thng XLNT tp trung. + Cc loi nc thi sinh hot khc (nc ra ly tch, bt a, ra tay chn, v sinh sn nh, tm, git,...) s theo ng ng thu gom chy vo b tch du m trc khi dn vo b iu ho ca h thng XLNT tp trung ca d n. + Nc thi t khu ra lc nc h bi s theo ng ng thu gom dn v b iu ho ca h thng XLNT tp trung. Nc thi sinh hot pht sinh t cc ngun ca khu chung c sau khi chy v b iu ho s n nh v thnh phn v lu lng nc thi. T b iu ho, nc thi chy vo b aeroten. Ti y, cc cht hu c c trong nc thi c phn hu nh hot ng ca cc vi sinh vt hiu kh. B aeroten hot ng c h thng kh nn tng hm lng oxy ho tan 61
Nc tch bn
B tch du m
cung cp cho cc vi sinh vt hot ng phn hu cc hp cht hu c. Hiu qu x l BOD ca aeroten t khong (80-95)%. Nc thi sau qu trnh x l sinh hc c a ti b lng tch hn hp nc v bn sinh hc. Phn nc trong phn trn ca b lng s chy sang b kh trng, y l cng on cui cng ca qu trnh x l nc thi. Mc ch ca b l loi b cc vi sinh vt gy bnh c trong nc trc khi c thi ra mi trng. Vic kh trng nc thi bng clo lng, thi gian kh trng trong 30 pht v yu cu lng clo d trong nc sau khi kh trng t 0,3 1 mg/l. Nc thi sau khi kh trng s theo ng ng thi ra cng thot nc chung ca thnh ph. Mt phn bn hot tnh t b lng s c tun hon quay v u b aeroten tham gia x l nc thi theo chu trnh mi v lng bn d s a sang b nn bn. Ti b nn bn, bn s tip tc c phn hy trong iu kin ym kh v c nn cn. Phn nuc trong sau khi lng bn ti b nn bn s c a tr li b iu ha, lng bn cn li (sau khi phn hy) trong b nn bn s hp ng vi Cng ty mi trng th Nng nh k n ht v vn chuyn n ni x l theo quy nh ca thnh ph. Trong trng hp h thng x l gp s c, nc s theo ng ng thot s c chy v b cha s c. Lc ny h thng s tm ngng hot ng sa cha. Sau khi h thng c sa cha xong, nc t b cha s c c bm tr li b thu gom tip tc x l. Vi cng ngh ny, cht lng nc thi sau x l s bo m t quy chun QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (ct B, K=1) trc khi thi ra h thng cng thot nc chung ca thnh ph. H thng XLNT c xy dng ngm di t, pha trn c bao kn, cch ly vi cc h dn v khu vc xung quanh nn s khng gy nh hng mi hi n khu chung c v dn c ln cn.
Tnh ton thit k s b cc cng trnh x l ca h thng XLNT
Cng sut thit k: + Lu lng nc thi tnh ton l 120 m3/ngym, ly h s khng iu ho K=5 th cng sut thit k l: 120 x 5 = 600 m3/ngym + Lu lng trung bnh (24h) =
600 = 25 m3/h = 6,94 l/s 24
Cht lng nc thi sau x l: t ct B (K=1) ca QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot. Thit k s b cng trnh: 62
Bng 4.1: Tnh ton thit k s b cc cng trnh x l ca h thng XLNT Cng trnh B tch du m B iu ho B aeroten B lng ng B kh trng B nn bn B cha s c S lng 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 Thng s thit k Th tch b V = 50m3. Thi gian lu nuc: 2 ting Kch thc: (6,7 x 3 x 2,5)m Th tch b V = 50 m3. Thi gian lu nc: 2 ting Kch thc: (4,5 x 4,5 x 2,5)m Th tch b V = 100m3. Thi gian lu nuc: 4 ting Kch thc: (7,2 x 4 x 3,5)m Th tch b V = 50m3. Thi gian lu nuc: 2 ting Th tch b V = 12,5m3. Thi gian lu nuc: 30 pht Kch thc: (3,5 x 2,0 x 2,0)m Th tch b V = 50m3. Kch thc: (8,4 x 3 x 2)m Th tch b V = 200m3. Kch thc: (7,6 x 7,6 x 3,5)m
D kin kinh ph xy dng h thng x l:
Theo s liu ca mt s nh my u t xy dng h thng x l nc thi, sut u t xy dng h thng x l nc thi dao ng trong khong (5 10) triu ng/m3 nuc thi, tu thuc vo mc phc tp ca h thng, loi thit b chn la. Nh vy vi h thng x l nc thi ca d n c cng sut 600m3/ngym th tng kinh ph u t d kin trong khong 3,0 t n 6,0 t ng.
D kin chi ph vn hnh:
Chi ph vn hnh ca h thng x l nc thi bao gm: + Chi ph in, chi ph nhn cng + Chi ph bo dng, bo tr h thng.+ i vi nc thi sinh hot c cng ngh x l nh trn th chi ph vn hnh x l cho 1m3 nc thi khong (1.500 2.000)ng. Nh vy vi cng sut 600m3/ngym th chi ph vn hnh s dao ng trong khong (900.000ng 1.200.000ng)/ngym. e. Bin php gim thiu nhim do nc ma Nc ma c thu t mi, cc khu vc ngoi tri vo h ga c t cc song chn rc, sau vo cng thot chung ca khu vc. f. X l nc h bi 63
H bi c h thng nc bm tun hon kt hp vi b phn lc nc, bm nh lng ho cht kh trng to cho dng nc lun chuyn trong h. Nc x u ra ca h bi u c s dng tun hon tr li sau khi qua x l bng cc b lc p lc nhiu tng v kh trng bng Clo. Thit b lc y gm nhiu tng lc khc nhau, lc c nhng phn t ln hn 5m, tc lc l 1,5 m/s, cng sut lc l 220m3/h. Vic kim tra hm lng Clo v pH ca h thng lc c iu khin t ng bng thit b in t.
S cng ngh x l nc b bi:
Hnh 4.3: S cng ngh x l nc b bi B sung Clorine Nc thi t h bi Bnh lc cao p Tun hon tr li h
Kh trng
Trm XLNT tp trung

Nguyn l hot ng ca h thng:
Nc h bi c bm ht v bnh lc cao p trong c cha cc lp ct c c ht khc nhau. Nc qua bnh lc s trong sut v c y ti h bi. Tuy nhin m bo hon ton v sinh, phi kh trng nc trc khi a vo s dng li. Trc khi nc c dn v h bi, cn bm mt lng chlorine vo nc trong ng ng t bnh lc sang b bi nhm kh trng trit lng vi trng c trong nc thi sau lc. Mt b phn t ng s kim tra hm lng Clo v pH ca h thng lc. Lp vt liu lc bao gm 5 lp k t trn i xung: lp than Antharacit, lp ct th, lp ct tinh, lp nh v lp si cui cng.
H thng ra lc:
Cc cht bn sau khi b gi li trn lp vt liu lc c tch ra ngoi bng mt h thng hon nguyn (ra lc) t ng. H thng ny thng c b nh gi vi chc nng l ch gi hng ngy v t thi im, thi gian, chu k hon nguyn bnh lc. Chu k hon nguyn ca bnh lc gm cc bc sau: + Xi ra ngc: c t t 10 n 15 pht. Dng chy ca nc c hng t y thit b i ln nhm thi cc tp cht trn b mt v tch ra ngoi. Nc ra cc thit b lc c dn v cng trnh x l nc thi tp trung x l cng vi nc thi sinh hot. 64
+ Sau thi gian chy ngc ny, b nh gi t ng ng tt c cc van khng cho nc vo v ra khi thit b, cc lp lc lc ny c thi gian n nh li v tr ban u. Thi gian n nh khong 10 pht. + Xi ra nhanh: trong bc ny mt dng chy mnh i theo chiu thun t trn xung di tip tc y cc tp cht cn li ra ng thot. Bc ny khong 5 pht. + Cp nc tr li bnh thng. Tt c cc bc hon nguyn ca bnh lc c tin hnh t ng.
B sung nc cho b bi: Ton b lng nc x l c tun hon tr li b bi. Tuy nhin, trong qu trnh
tun hon s c mt lng nc b hao ht khong 1% tng lng. Vy lng nc cn b sung thm cho b bi l khong 3,6m3. 4.1.2.3. Bin php x l cht thi rn gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn n mi trng t nhin v sc kho con ngi, chng ti s thc hin mt s bin php nh sau:
Bin php x l chung ca khu chung c:
Thnh lp i v sinh mi trng ph trch cng tc v an ton, v sinh v mi trng cho ton b hot ng ca d n. B tr thng rc ti cc v tr thch hp nh dc theo cc li i, trong khu nh hng Thng xuyn thu gom rc thi t cc thng rc, ti nh hng v cc khu vc cng cng ca d n nh khu trung tm thng mi, phng tp th dc, khu vui chi tr em... rc thi sau khi thu gom s c tp trung ti khu tp trung cht thi rn v hp ng vi Cng ty mi trng th Nng a i x l theo quy nh.
Chng ti lp t h thng thu gom rc cho nh cao tng. H thng l ng hnh tr bng b tng c sn c cc ca rc t ng c giong kn. Cc ca rc c thit k v tr thch hp ngi dn cc cn h d dng s dng. Rc s c b vo ca rc v theo ng b tng ri xung h thu rc nm di tng trt v s c thu gom, phn loi, sau s c Cng ty mi trng th thnh ph Nng hng ngy n thu gom v vn chuyn n ni x l theo quy nh. (H thng thu gom rc thi xin xem s S 08 phn ph lc)
Bin php x l rc thi i vi cc cn h:
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ra ni quy v vic gi v sinh chung, yu cu dn c sinh sng trong khu chung c phi c bin php thu gom rc thi trong cn h ca mnh (s dng thng rc) v vt rc ng ni quy nh (b vo cc thng rc dc li i hoc ng thu gom rc thi)
4.1.2.4. Phng n trng cy xanh Cy xanh c nhiu tc dng nh che nng, ht bc x mt tri, ht bi, hp thu cc hi kh c, gim thiu s lan truyn ting n, ng thi to cm gic m du, tng thm m cnh quan. Do vy, chng ti ch trng thit k h thng cy xanh hp l nhm to cm gic m du cho dn c trong khu chung c v to cnh quan mi trng xanh, sch, p... (S b tr cy xanh xem bn v mt bng tng th S 02) 4.1.2.5. Cc bin php m bo an ninh trt t
Vic m bo an ninh cho d n khi i vo hot ng c thc hin thng xuyn v c t chc. Tt c cc tng, li ra vo ca to nh u c b tr h thng camera quan st v lu tr li qua bng t, a cng.
Cng ty s thnh lp hoc thu mt i bo v c nhim v m bo an ninh ca to nh 24/24 gi. Ngoi ra, ch u t s nghim chnh thc hin tt c cc ni quy, quy nh ca a phng i vi cng tc an ninh trt t. Cng ty s kt hp cht ch vi cc c quan chc nng a phng c bin php qun l hu hiu nhm m bo an ninh trt t ti a phng.
4.2. CC BIN PHP PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG 4.2.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng Nhng s c mi trng c th xy ra trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng bao gm: + Kh nng gy chy n; + Tai nn lao ng. phng nga cc s c ny, chng ti s thc hin cc bin php sau:
Bin php chung:

C quy trnh k thut an ton cho cc loi my mc, thit b; C ni quy v an ton lao ng v v sinh lao ng ni lm vic; Thng xuyn nhc nh, kim tra vic chp hnh cc quy nh, ni quy v an ton lao ng, v sinh lao ng ca cng nhn; Trang b y , ng chng loi cc phng tin bo h lao ng v thc hin cc ch v an ton, v sinh lao ng i vi ngi lao ng theo quy nh ca Nh nc; 66
Kim tra, nhc nh cng nhn phi s dng cc phng tin bo h lao ng khi lm vic.
Mt bng cng trng:
Cc nh thu phi c phng n thi cng hp l theo phng chm lm n u gn n y, m bo tin v cht lng cng trnh. Cng tc t chc phi ht sc cht ch khng lm nh hng ln nhau gia cc n v thi cng ti cng trng;
B tr thi gian cung ng vt liu theo thi gian thi cng, khng lu gi vt liu nhiu v lu trn cng trng. Cc bi cha vt liu, thit b cng gn ni thi cng cng tt; Ph thi, ph liu phi c ni cha ring, thun tin cho vic gii phng mt bng. Ph liu trn cng trng phi c thu dn hng ngy v a khi cng trng cng nhanh cng tt.
Cng vic o xc:

Khng c o hm ch; t o phi xa mp h v san bng trnh p lc ln thnh h; Khng b tr i li, vn chuyn vt liu gn mp h. Bo m khong cch an ton khu vc lm vic ca xe c gii n ming h; Lun i m bo him khi thi cng o xc. Gin gio phi c ch to bng vt liu tt, chc chn (theo ng quy nh) an ton cho ngi lm vic; Gin gio phi c lp dng ng k thut theo quy nh. Sau khi lp dng, trc khi a vo s dng gin gio phi c kim tra lp bin bn nghim thu v trong qu trnh s dng gin gio phi c kim tra nh k. Mi ln kim tra phi c bin bn v lu gi cn thn;
Lm vic vi gin gio:
Khng c lm vic trn gin gio khi thi tit xu, ma ln, bo; Ch s dng gin gio ng mc ch v khi n c ging, no chc chn vo cng trnh; Ngi lm vic trn gin gio phi chp hnh ng cc quy tc v an ton khi s dng gin gio.
Lm vic trn thang:
Phi kim tra thang trc khi s dng;
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Thang h hng phi c sa cha mi c a vo s dng, trng hp khng th sa cha c phi hy b ngay; Nn c hai ngi lm vic, trong mt trong hai ngi gi chn thang; S dng thang ng k thut nh: Phi t v ta thang vo v tr b mt chc chn, khng da thang vo ni d , v. Khi lm vic trn thang, mt tay lun lun phi bm vo thang. Lun quay mt v pha thang khi ln, xung thang,
Lm vic trn mi:
c th lm vic an ton trn mi, i hi ngi lao ng phi c kin thc v kinh nghim lm vic trn mi cng cc trang thit b chuyn dng. Trc khi lm vic trn mi phi chun b cc bin php an ton ph hp vi kiu dng mi v loi cng vic.
i vi cc loi mi c dc ln, khi thi cng trn mi u phi c bo v ra mi; Nu vt liu lp mi khng chc bm hoc ng, phi s dng thang mi (thang b), vn lt.
Lp t kt cu thp:

Phi c quy trnh v bin php an ton trong lp t; Phi c ngi gim st v kim tra lp t; Cc im cht nh v, ct chng phi c quan tm khi nh v, cn chnh; V tr thp lm trc, v tr cao lm sau; Nn lp sn thao tc v s dng my nng h tr cho vic ln xung, i li v thao tc ca cng nhn c an ton.
Vn chuyn vt liu, thi cng lp t:
Cc loi xe vn ti tham gia vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng, vt t thit b cho d n phi c giy ng kim, li xe phi c bng li, cam kt khng ch qu ti trng cho php v chp hnh nghim lut giao thng ng b;
Ngi bc xp phi thc hin ng quy trnh, bin php an ton trong bc xp hng ha; Ch ngi qua o to mi c buc, mc hng; Bo m khng gian lm vic vi thit b nng h; B tr ngi lm tn hiu quay u hoc khi li xe; Cc loi phng tin (xe xc, xe i, xe nng cu,...) tham gia thi cng phi c giy ng kim, ngi iu khin cc loi phng tin ny phi c bng li do c quan chc nng cp; 68

Chy ng tc quy nh trong cng trng; Thc hin ng ch kim tra, bo dng xe my, phng tin, kin quyt khng s dng cc phng tin, xe my khng bo m an ton; Trc ca lm vic, ngi vn hnh cn cu phi kim tra cc thng s k thut v iu kin an ton ca thit b nng cu trc khi a thit b vo s dng (c thit b chng qu ti; chng cun qu cp; mc an ton, c thit b g dy; dy ti khng b t, xon, bin dng, n mn ha hc; mn, s si t trong tiu chun cho php, khng gian rng, nn chc chn, k, chn, nh v tt,...). Kim tra kch thc, ti trng vt nng;
Ch c nhng ngi c ch nh mi c vn hnh cu hoc lm tn hiu cho cn cu; Phi lp t bin bo cm ngi qua li khu vc c thit b nng cu ang hot ng v c cn b cnh gii, ch huy thit b nng cu; Gi treo rng rc, mc, dy cho phi bo m chc chn; V tr ko rng rc phi ngoi vng nguy him ca vt ri; Ni n nhn vt nng trn cao phi c lan can, tm chc chn; Khi lm vic khng c ngi qua li di v tr treo rng rc. Cng nhn lm vic trong lnh vc in phi c chng ch ngh in do cc n v c chc nng cp; Thng xuyn kim tra cc im tip ni in, kim tra cng sut cc thit b ph hp vi kh nng chu ti ca dy, ngun; Kim tra an ton ca dy dn, cch in ca thit b in; Khng dy dn in chy vt qua kt cu thp, khng treo, mc vt ln dy dn in, thit b in; Khng s dng gng tay, giy dp b t khi s dng my hn in; Khi khng s dng my hn hoc tm ngng cng vic hn phi ct in ngun v xp dy gn gng; u dy mt phi c ni chc chn vi cc O ca my hn; Tay cm iu khin phi c phn v bc cch in cn tt;...
An ton in:
An ton chy n:
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Xy dng phng n phng chy cha chy ti ch. Trang b cc phng tin cha chy nh ct, xng, bnh bt, bnh CO2... Lp t bin bo cm la ti cc khu vc d chy n, trang b cc phng tin cha chy cho cc nh tm. Cn b, cng nhn lm vic ti cng trng ch c ht thuc ti nhng ni quy nh v khi ht xong phi dp tt ngay tn thuc, khng vt b ba bi, khng c mang cc dng c pht sinh la vo khu vc kho cha nguyn vt liu d chy;
Thng xuyn kim tra, nhc nh ngi lao ng thc hin ng cc quy nh an ton v cng tc phng chy cha chy.
4.2.2. Trong giai on hot ng ca d n 4.2.2.1. Phng chng chy n
Thnh lp i phng chy cha chy (PCCC). Chng ti phi hp vi n v Cnh st PCCC t chc hun luyn v k thut, nghip v PCCC cho lc lng ny v thng xuyn luyn tp cc phng n cha chy ti ch;
Xy dng ni quy, phng n phng chng chy n ti ch sn sng i ph vi mi trng hp xy ra chy mt cch ch ng v c hiu qu; Thit k h thng bo chy t ng v cha chy t ng bng nc, cha chy bng cc loi bnh xch tay (bnh bt, bnh CO2), xe y cho cng trnh,..., thng xuyn kim tra thit b chng lun trong tnh trng sn sng.
Cc tr cp nc cu ho c b tr ngoi cng trnh lc lng cu ho c th s dng c. Ton b tr cp nc ny c lin h vi nhau. Thng xuyn t chc tuyn truyn, gio dc, kim tra, n c vic chp hnh cc quy nh, ni quy an ton v PCCC; Xy dng cc quy tc v an ton s dng in (nguyn nhn gy chy do s dng in chim t l ln); Xy dng cc ca thot him, ng thot him v cc bng hng dn ti cc khu chc nng trong d n phng trnh v thot him nhanh nu c s c chy, n xy ra.
Chng ti s xy dng h s v tin hnh thm nh h thng PCCC ngay khi vic trang b h thng PCCC hon thnh, m bo h thng PCCC s t cc yu cu theo quy nh.
Khi s dng kh ha lng (LPG) nu nng, chng ti s thc hin cc bin php
sau: 70

Ch nhn nhng bnh LPG c van kn, cn tem nim phong ca nh sn xut; Tuyt i cm nng bnh bng cch nm tay vo cc mi lp van; Dng ng kim loi bc ng ng dn ga phng chng chut cn thng ng ng dn ga; Khi s dng, nu pht hin c r r phi ng kn van, tt bp v chuyn ngay lp tc ti ni thong gi (ch cn c 2% hm lng trong khng kh l chng c th gy chy) v bo ngay cho ngi ph trch;
Khi nu xong phi tt bp v kha van. Cc bnh dng ht cng phi ng kn van. Khi lp t cc thit b in v h thng in, cn theo ng quy nh v ng k thut. Thng xuyn kim tra h thng in, cc ph ti v cc thit b in ca khu trung tm.
4.2.2.2. An ton v in
Trang b cc thit b in c cht lng tt, ng tiu chun, cng sut. Mi khu vc lp hp in t t ng ngt phng khi sa cha v xy ra s c. H thng in c tip in chng git, kim tra nh k h thng dy dn, bao che an ton thit b in. Xy dng ni quy v an on s dng in, ph bin mt s hiu bit c bn v an ton in cho CBCNV.
4.2.2.3. Phng chng st
Lp t h thng chng st ng theo tiu chun k thut ca B xy dng nhm bo m an ton tnh mng cho con ngi v ti sn. H thng chng st c thit k theo yu cu chng st nh thng, b tr cc kim thu st ti cc v tr cao nht ca cng trnh.
Lp t h thng thu st, thu tnh in tch t (theo Tiu chun TCXDVN 46:2007 Chng st cho cng trnh xy dng - Hng dn thit k, kim tra v bo tr h thng). in tr ni t chng st 10. Chng ti cam kt s thc hin vic thm nh h thng chng st sau khi d n c xy dng hon thin, m bo h thng chng st t cc yu cu theo quy nh.
4.2.2.4. Phng chng thin tai
Cc cng trnh xy dng c thit k c nn mng v kt cu vng chc, c th chng chu bo t cp 12 15.
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Thnh lp i phng chng bo lt, i ng cu, cu h ti ch, bi dng kin thc, k nng phng chng, ng cu khi s c xy ra.. Xy dng phng n phng chng bo lt trc ma ma bo. Lp t h thng cnh bo, bo ng, thit k h thng ng thot him trong khu chung c. Xy dng phng n di tn kp thi, nhanh nht n ni an ton khi xy ra s c.
Vo ma ma bo, thng xuyn lin lc vi Ban ch huy phng chng bo lt ti a phng cp nht thng tin, trao i kinh nghim v phi hp trin khai cc phng n phng chng bo lt.
4.2.2.5. Phng chng s c do h hng h thng x l nc thi phng chng s c v h thng x l nc thi, chng ti s p dng cc bin php sau:
u t dy chuyn cng ngh x l hiu qu; my mc thit b x l hin i; cc thit b x l nh bm, my nn kh,... u c lp t d phng. Kt cu cng trnh c xy dng vng chc nhm trnh tnh trng h hng, b v,... H thng x l nc thi c vn hnh lin tc, m bo mi trng sng ca chng vi sinh vt. u t my pht in d phng v cc thit b d phng (bm nc thi, bm bn, my sc kh,...). Xy dng mt b cha nc c th tch 60m3 cha nc thi trong thi gian h thng ngng hot ng sa cha hoc khi xy ra s c. Trong trng hp b cha s c gp s c hoc b y, chng ti s c cc bin php thch hp x l nh: Thu xe ca Cng ty mi trng th Nng n ht lng nc thi trong b hoc chng ti s a lng nc thi trong b vo b kh trng, s dng ho cht tm thi x l nc thi v thi ra ngoi mi trng. ng thi trong thi gian , chng ti cng s nhanh chng sa cha h thng XLNT tp trung a vo hot ng tr li.
Xy dng quy trnh qun l h thng v s b tr cc thit b, ng ng, van, ca h thng thu gom v h thng x l nc thi. Tt c cn b, cng nhn lm vic ti h thng x l nc thi phi bit rt r cch b tr ny x l kp thi khi h thng c s c. T chc cho nhn vin hc tp k thut nng cao tay ngh nhm thnh tho trong cng tc vn hnh v x l kp thi khi h thng c s c.
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nh k phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng tin hnh ly mu nc thi trc v sau x l nh gi hiu qu x l ca cng trnh.
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CHNG 5 CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

Ch D n Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn s mt cng vi cc c quan chc nng s thc hin chng trnh gim st mi trng, tin hnh thu mu gim st cht lng mi trng ti cc ngun pht sinh nhim ti khu vc D n v mi trng xung quanh hng nm nhm nh gi hin trng cht lng mi trng, cung cp thng tin mi trng trong khu vc cho S Ti nguyn v Mi trng thnh ph Nng, gp phn vo cng tc qun l mi trng ca thnh ph. 5.1. CHNG TRNH QUN L MI TRNG
Vic xy dng h thng x l nc thi, h thng thu gom, x l cht thi rn v cc bin php bo v mi trng khc s tin hnh song song vi vic trin khai xy dng d n, s hon thnh cng lc vi vic hon thnh d n v s c bo co ln c quan c thm quyn kim tra, xc nhn trc khi i vo hot ng.
Tuyn t nht 2 lao ng c chuyn mn v x l nc thi vn hnh h thng x l. Phng k thut ca Ban qun l Khu chung c cao cp The Summit chu trch nhim qun l, vn hnh, bo tr, bo dng tt c cc h thng x l cc cht thi; gim st nh k v lp bo co mi trng hng nm.
Thng xuyn kim tra hot ng ca cc cng trnh x l mi trng c bin php ng ph kp thi khi s c xy ra, hoc c gii php b sung iu chnh khi cc bin php x l cha t yu cu.
C bin php qun l cht ch cc ngun tc ng pht sinh trong qu trnh hot ng ca d n. B tr nhn vin thu gom rc thi hng ngy, thng xuyn qut dn trong ton khu chung c, ng thi hng dn mi ngi cng tham gia vo vic bo v mi trng. Nghim chnh chp hnh ch kim tra, gim st ca cc c quan chc nng v mi trng. Thc hin gim st mi trng theo quy nh v khi c s c xy ra.
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Bng 5.1: Chng trnh qun l mi trng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit
Hot ng Tc ng Bin php gim thiu Ngun kinh ph - Chi ph bo v mi trng do cc nh thu xy dng chu. - Chi ph gim st mi trng do ch d n chu. Thi gian thc hin - Trong thi gian xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh n v thc hin - Nh thu xy dng. - Ch d n (thc hin chng trnh gim st) n v gim st - S Ti nguyn v mi trng nng
Giai on thi cng xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh - Thi cng v - Gy nhim mi trng xy dng cc khng kh, t v mi hng mc trng nc do: cng trnh. + Bi t - Vn chuyn + Khi thi nguyn vt + Nc thi xy dng liu xy dng. + Nc thi sinh hot - Sinh hot ca + Cht thi rn xy dng cn b, cng + Cht thi rn sinh hot nhn ti cng + S c chy n trng - nhim do ting n - nh hng n cc c s, khu dn c ln cn ti khu vc. - nh hng n sc kho ngi lao ng. - nh hng n tnh hnh an ninh trt t ti khu vc. - Tai nn lao ng, tai nn giao thng. - Lp ban an ton lao ng ti cng trng. - Phun nc b mt t nhng khu vc thi cng. - Cc loi xe vn ti, cc phng tin thi cng c gii phi c giy ng kim (cc phng tin phi t tiu chun v khi thi). - Cht thi rn xy dng c nh thu thu gom v phn loi, mt phn tn dng bn ph liu, mt phn dng san lp ti ch. - Cht thi rn sinh hot c thu gom v hp ng vi Cng ty Mi trng th a i x l. - Xy dng cc cng trnh v sinh tm thi ti cng trng. - Trang b y phng tin bo h lao ng cho cng nhn. - Khng c vn hnh cc my mc, thit b thi cng vo ban m. - Thc hin cc quy nh v bin php an ton PCCC, an ton lao ng. - Xy dng ni quy sinh hot y , r rng v t chc qun l tt cng nhn. - Phi hp vi c quan qun l trt t x hi ti a phng. - Thc hin chng trnh gim st mi trng.
Trung tm Cng ngh Mi trng Nng (DENTEC), 25 Hong Diu- Nng. Tel: 0511.3824402
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Ngun kinh ph - Chi ph do ch d n chi tr. Thi gian thc hin n v thc hin - Ch d n - Cng ty mi trng th Nng (thu gom, vn chuyn v x l cht thi rn) n v gim st S Ti nguyn v mi trng nng. - Phng cnh st mi trng - Cng an Nng UBND qun Sn Tr.
Hot ng
Tc ng
Bin php gim thiu
Giai on hot ng ca d n - Hot ng ca my pht in d phng. - Sinh hot ca cc h dn, khch s dng dch v, ca cn b nhn vin. - Gy nhim mi trng khng kh, t v mi trng nc do: + Khi thi + Nc thi + Cht thi rn + S c chy n + S c do h thng XLNT. - nh hng n cc c s, khu dn c ln cn. - nh hng n tnh hnh an ninh trt t ti khu vc. - nh hng n tnh hnh trt t an ton giao thng ti khu vc. - Xy dng h thng thot nc ma, thu gom nc thi. - Xy dng h thng XLNT cc b. - S dng du DO (S=0,25%) - Hp ng vi Cng ty Mi trng th Nng n thu gom, vn chuyn v x l rc thi sinh hot, bn thi t h thng XLNT. - Trng cy xanh. - Thnh lp hoc thu mt i bo v m bo an ninh ca Khu chung c. - Chp hnh cc quy nh v an ton, v sinh lao ng. Thc hin nghim tc bin php PCCC, phng nga v ng ph s c. - Thc hin chng trnh gim st mi trng. - Cc hng mc nh h thng thot nc ma, thu gom v x l nc thi, h thng PCCC, phng nga s c c thc hin t khi bt u xy dng n khi d n i vo hot ng v thc hin trong sut qu trnh hot ng ca d n. - Thu gom, x l cht thi rn, cng tc an ton, v sinh lao ng c thc hin khi d n i vo hot ng v trong sut qu trnh hot ng ca d n.
5.2. CHNG TRNH GIM ST MI TRNG Ch u t s kt hp vi cc c quan chuyn mn v bo v mi trng tin hnh gim st nh k cht lng mi trng, nhm mc ch kim sot, bo v v gim st nhim mi trng. Tnh trng mi trng s c thng xuyn theo di, s liu s c lu tr.
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5.2.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng Trong giai on thi cng xy dng d n ch yu b nhim mi trng khng kh, do chng ti s thc hin vic gim st cht lng khng kh trong giai on ny:

Thng s gim st: Bi, SO2, NO2, CO, ting n. V tr gim st: 02 im

1 mu gia khu t thc hin d n 1 mu ti khu vc cng ra vo d n hoc ti khu dn c gn nht.
Tn sut gim st: 6 thng/ln Tiu chun, quy chun so snh:
QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh. Tiu chun 5949-1998: m hc - Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c - Mc n ti a cho php.
5.2.2. Trong giai on d n i vo hot ng (S v tr gim st xin xem s S 10 trang 75) 5.2.2.1. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh

Thng s gim st: Bi, SOx, NOx, CO, ting n. V tr gim st: 03 im

1 mu ti khu vc cng chnh ra vo d n. 1 mu ti khu vc k thut (my pht in) 1 mu ti khu x l cht thi
Tn sut gim st: 6 thng/ln. Tiu chun so snh:
QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh. Tiu chun 5949-1998: m hc - Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c - Mc n ti a cho php.
5.2.2.2. Gim st cht lng nc thi
Thng s gim st: pH, BOD5, SS, amoni (NH + ), sunfua, nitrat, phosphat, du m 4 (thc vt), cht hot ng b mt, Coliform. V tr gim st: 01 im: Sau h thng x l nc thi (trc khi thi ra mi trng) 75

Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/ln Quy chun so snh: QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (ct B, h s K=1) Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot.
5.2.2.3. Gim st cht thi rn Gim st qu trnh thu gom, lu tr v x l cht thi rn.
V tr gim st:

01 im ti khu vc nh hng. 01 im ti khu tp trung rc thi
Thng s gim st: Mi hi, mc sch v gn gng (phng php cm quan) Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/ln Ch d n s dnh 1 khon kinh ph hng nm cho cng vic gim st cht lng mi
5.2.3. Kinh ph gim st mi trng trng. n gi cn c theo thng t s 83/2002/TT-BTC ngy 25/09/2002 ca B Ti chnh v Quy nh ch thu, np v qun l s dng ph, l ph v tiu chun o lng cht lng. C th nh sau: 5.2.3.1. Gim st mi trng trong qu trnh xy dng Kinh ph dnh cho gim st cht lng khng kh c trnh by trong bng sau: Bng 5.2: Kinh ph gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh (qu trnh xy dng) TT 1 2 3 4 5 Thng s Bi SO2 NO2 CO Ting n Tng cng n gi (ng) 60.000 300.000 300.000 300.000 50.000 1.010.000 S mu 02 02 02 02 02 Tn sut (ln/nm) 02 02 02 02 02 Thnh tin (ng) 240.000 1.200.000 1.200.000 1.200.000 200.000 4.040.000
5.2.3.2. Gim st mi trng trong qu trnh hot ng ca d n:

Kinh ph gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh
Bng 5.3: Kinh ph gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh (giai on hot ng) TT Thng s n gi (ng) S mu Tn sut (ln/nm) Thnh tin (ng) 76
1 2 3 4 5
Bi SO2 NO2 CO Ting n Tng cng
60.000 300.000 300.000 300.000 50.000 1.010.000
03 03 03 03 03
02 02 02 02 02
360.000 1.800.000 1.800.000 1.800.000 300.000 6.060.000
Kinh ph gim st cht lng nc thi:
Bng 5.4: Kinh ph gim st cht lng nc thi TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Thng s pH BOD5 SS Amoni Sunfua Nitrat Phosphat Du m Coliform Tng cng n gi (ng) 30.000 80.000 50.000 60.000 60.000 50.000 60.000 300.000 60.000 750.000 S mu 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 Tn sut (ln/nm) 04 04 04 04 04 04 04 04 04 Thnh tin (ng) 120.000 320.000 200.000 240.000 240.000 200.000 240.000 1200.000 240.000 3.000.000
Kinh ph gim st cht thi rn:
Tng kinh ph gim st cht thi rn: 2,0 triu ng/nm.
CHNG 6 THAM VN KIN CNG NG
Theo quy nh ti khon 8, iu 20 ca Lut bo v Mi trng c Quc hi Nc Cng ho X hi ch ngha Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005 v theo yu cu ca Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng, ch d n gi cng vn s 01/CV-CT ngy 30/12/2009 v vic gp kin
77
i vi bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca d n Khu chung c cao cp The Summit ti UBND v UBMTTQ phng Th Quang, thnh ph Nng. Ni dung vn bn l thng bo v nhng ni dung c bn ca d n, nhng tc ng v mi trng ca d n, nhng bin php gim thiu tc ng d kin p dng v ngh cc c quan ny cho kin phn hi bng vn bn. Sau y l cc kin ca cc c quan trn. 6.1. KIN CA UBND PHNG TH QUANG
Hon ton nht tr vic u t d n Khu chung c cao cp The Summit ca Cng ty Trch nhim hu hn t Kinh tuyn s mt ti khu Bc Phan B Phin, phng Th Quang, thnh ph Nng.
Cng ty Trch nhim hu hn t Kinh tuyn s mt phi thc hin ng v y cc bin php x l mi trng nh nu trong bo co, nghim chnh chp hnh vic kim tra ca cc c quan chc nng v mi trng v thc hin gim st mi trng theo quy nh.
ngh Cng ty phi thc hin y ngha v ng gp vo ngn sch nh nc v a phng v cc khon chi ph khc theo quy nh, ng thi to cng n vic lm cho ngi dn trong vng nh cam kt.
6.2. KIN CA UBMTTQ PHNG TH QUANG
Chng ti nht tr vic u t d n Khu chung c cao cp The Summit ca Cng ty Trch nhim hu hn t Kinh tuyn s mt ti khu Bc Phan B Phin, phng Th Quang, thnh ph Nng.
Cng ty Trch nhim hu hn t Kinh tuyn s mt phi thc hin ng v y cc bin php x l mi trng nh nu trong bo co, nghim chnh chp hnh vic kim tra ca cc c quan chc nng v mi trng v thc hin gim st mi trng theo quy nh, ng thi phi chu trch nhim khc phc hu qu trong trng hp xy ra s c.
ngh Cng ty u tin to cng n vic lm cho ngi dn trong vng nh cam kt.
6.3. KIN V CAM KT CA CH D N
Chng ti cam kt thc hin ng v y cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng xu n mi trng t nhin v kinh t x hi do D n gy ra nh nu trong bo co ny (chng 4) v nghim chnh chp hnh vic kim tra ca cc c quan chc nng v mi trng v thc hin gim st mi trng theo ng quy nh.
78
Chng ti cam kt thc hin ng theo ngh ca UBND v UBMTTQ phng Th Quang v ngha v ng gp ca Cng ty v u tin to cng n vic lm cho ngi dn ti a phng.
79
KT LUN, KIN NGH V CAM KT
1. KT LUN Qua vic phn tch cc iu kin t nhin, hin trng mi trng cng nh iu kin kinh t x hi khu vc v qua nh gi cc tc ng ca cc ngun gy nhim n mi trng do hot ng ca d n, chng ti c mt s kt lun sau y:
D n c thc hin s gp phn pht trin kinh t a phng ni ring v thnh ph Nng ni chung. To cng n vic lm cho mt b phn lao ng ti a phng, tng thm thu nhp cho ngi dn v gp phn vo cng cuc xa i gim ngho.
Mang li hiu qu kinh t cao, tng ngun thu cho ngn sch thnh ph. Tuy nhin d n c th gy ra nhng tc ng tiu cc ti kinh t x hi v mi trng
nu khng p dng cc bin php kim sot nhim v hn ch cc tc ng c hi. Cc tc ng l:
Gy nhim khng kh do bi, ting n do hot ng giao thng vn ti v cc hot ng khc; nhim do cht thi rn sinh hot; To nn s mt n nh v an ninh trt t x hi ti khu vc do s gia tng v tp trung ca dn c n sinh sng trong khu chung c v khch mua sm ti trung tm thng mi ca d n; Ch u t s phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng trong qu trnh thit k v thi cng
cc h thng khng ch nhim nhm dt tiu chun mi trng theo quy nh v phng chng s c mi trng khi xy ra. Cc bin php khng ch nhim v hn ch cc tc ng c hi ca d n ti mi trng c a ra trong bo co l nhng bin php kh thi, m bo tiu chun/quy chun mi trng Vit Nam. 2. CAM KT 2.1. Cam kt thc hin cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu Cng ty TNHH t Kinh tuyn s mt cam kt thc hin cc bin php khng ch v gim thiu cc tc ng trong giai on xy dng v trong giai on hot ng ca D n Khu chung c cao cp The Summit nh nu trong bo co TM ny, c th nh sau:
Trong giai on xy dng:
80
+ Thc hin cc bin php kim sot nhim trong qu trnh san lp mt bng v xy dng c s h tng: Cc bin php t chc thi cng xy dng, cc bin php thu gom, x l cht thi trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng. + Thc hin cc bin php kim sot nhim trong hot ng ca cng nhn xy dng; + Thc hin cc bin php an ton lao ng.
Trong giai on hot ng:
+ Thc hin cc bin php khng ch v gim thiu nhim khng kh: Kim sot kh thi t qu trnh hot ng ca Khu chung c, khu x l nc thi, khu tp trung cht thi rn. + Thc hin cc bin php kim sot nhim khng kh t hot ng ca khu vc vn phng; + Thc hin cc bin php gim thiu nhim do nc thi: Nc thi sinh hot c a v x l ti h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca D n, m bo t cc tiu chun/quy chun quy nh trc khi thi ra ngoi mi trng. + Thc hin cc bin php gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn sinh hot: Cht thi rn sinh hot c thu gom v khu tp trung cht thi rn (nm tng trt bn ng thu gom rc thi) v thu n v c chc nng thu gom, vn chuyn, x l hp v sinh; + Thc hin cc bin php phng nga khi h thng x l nc thi ngng hot ng trong thi gian bo dng nh k hoc do gp s c: trang b y cc my mc thit b d phng, thng xuyn kim tra tnh trng hot ng ca my mc, sa cha kp thi nhng hng hc, duy tu bo dng nh k, thng xuyn hun luyn nng cao k nng cho cng nhn vn hnh; + Ch d n s p dng cc bin php nng cao nhn thc v mi trng cho nhn vin v qun l, bo m khng pht sinh cc vn gy nhim mi trng; + Ch d n s phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng trong qu trnh thit k v thi cng cc h thng khng ch nhim kp thi iu chnh mc nhim nhm t tiu chun/quy chun mi trng theo quy nh v phng chng s c mi trng khi xy ra. 2.2. Cam kt thc hin tt c cc bin php quy nh v bo v mi trng c lin quan n d n Ch D n cam kt thc hin tt c cc bin php, quy nh v bo v mi trng c lin quan n d n, bao gm:
81
+ Ch d n cam kt thc hin chng trnh qun l v gim st mi trng nh k trong qu trnh xy dng v hot ng ca d n theo ng nh trong chng 5 ca bo co TM ny, cp nht, lu gi s liu v nh k bo co cho cc c quan qun l Nh nc v mi trng; + Ch d n cam kt hon thnh cc cng vic nu trong bo co TM c ph duyt; + Ch d n cam kt s hon thnh cc cng trnh x l mi trng v khng ch nhim trc khi d n i vo hot ng. 2.3. Cam kt tun th cc tiu chun, quy chun mi trng Vit Nam Ch d n cam kt tt c cc tiu chun/quy chun mi trng Vit Nam s c tun th trong sut giai on thi cng v hot ng ca d n. Bao gm:
Cht lng khng kh xung quanh: Cc cht nhim trong kh thi ca d n khi pht
tn ra mi trng bo m t cc tiu chun sau: + QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh. + QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c.
Ting n: Tun th nhng tiu chun sau:
+ TCVN 5949 1998: Gii hn ti a cho php ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c. Mc n ti a cho php. + Tiu chun v sinh lao ng (tiu chun ting n) ca B Y t ban hnh theo quyt nh s 3733/Q-BYT ngy 10/10/2002.
Nc thi:
Nc thi sinh hot sau x l m bo t QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (ct B, h s K=1): Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot.
Cht thi rn:
+ Cht thi rn sinh hot s c phn loi. Cc cht thi rn c kh nng ti s dng s c tn dng hoc bn li cho n v c nhu cu s dng. Cht thi rn khng c kh nng ti s dng s c Ch u t k hp ng vi Cng ty Mi trng th thnh ph Nng thu gom, vn chuyn n ni x l theo quy nh.
82
+ Bn thi t h thng x l nc thi tp trung s c Cng ty Mi trng th thnh ph Nng thu gom v vn chuyn n ni x l theo ng yu cu an ton v sinh. 3. KIN NGH Vic hnh thnh d n Khu chung c cao cp The Summit ngoi nhng li ch to ln v mt kinh t x hi cn c nhng tc ng tiu cc nht nh, nh hng n mi trng t nhin v kinh t - x hi ti khu vc. Tuy nhin, chng ti s c nhng bin php x l, hn ch n mc ti a nhng tc ng ny. Trn c s cc s liu iu tra, thu thp, qua nghin cu, phn tch, nh gi cc tc ng n mi trng khu vc do hot ng ca d n v a ra cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng xu n mi trng khu vc, chng ti lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng cho d n ny. Vy chng ti knh ngh S Ti nguyn v Mi tr\ng thnh ph Nng xem xt, t chc thm nh v trnh lnh o UBND thnh ph Nng cp Quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM ny chng ti c c s php l trin khai xy dng v a d n vo hot ng trong thi gian sm nht.
83
PHN PH LC
PH LC I
CC VN BN PHP L LIN QUAN N D N, VN BN THAM VN CNG NG
PH LC II
PHIU KT QU PHN TCH HIN TRNG CHT LNG MI TRNG TI KHU VC D N V MT S TIU CHUN, QUY CHUN VIT NAM
PH LC III
CC HNH NH LIN QUAN N D N V CC S
DANH MC T VIT TT
BOD COD DO SS CO CO2 NO2 SO2 NH3 TDS TM WHO VT KTXH XLNT GTVT ATN CBCNV PCCC LPG TCVN QCVN UBND UBMTTQ XHCN TNHH NXB : Nhu cu oxy sinh ho : Nhu cu oxy ho hc : Oxy ho tan : Cht rn l lng : Cacbon monoxyt : Cacbon ioxyt : Nit ioxyt : Lu hunh ioxyt : Amoniac : Tng cht rn ho tan : nh gi tc ng mi trng : T chc y t th gii : n v tnh : Kinh t x hi : X l nc thi : Giao thng vn ti : p thp nhit i : Cn b cng nhn vin : Phng chy cha chy : Kh ho lng : Tiu chun Vit Nam : Quy chun Vit Nam : U ban nhn dn : y ban mt trn t quc : X hi ch ngha : Trch nhim hu hn : Nh xut bn
DANH MC BNG TRONG BO CO TM

Bng 1.1 : C cu s dng t ca d n Bng 1.2 : Bng tng hp nhu cu s dng nc ca d n Bng 1.3 : Bng thng k ri (sng) thit k Bng 1.4 : Kinh ph u t xy dng ton d n Bng 1.5 : Bng tin thc hin d n Bng 2.1 : Bng s b c im a cht khu vc d n Bng 2.2 : Nhit trung bnh cc thng trong nm ti Nng Bng 2.3 : S gi nng cc thng trong nm ti Nng Bng 2.4 : m trung bnh cc thng trong nm ti Nng Bng 2.5 : Tng lng ma cc thng trong nm ti Nng Bng 2.6 : cao sng cc i theo cc chu k ti vng bin ngoi khi Nng Bng 2.7 : Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc d n Bng 3.1 : Tng hp cc ngun pht sinh gy tc ng mi trng c lin quan n cht thi trong giai on xy dng ca d n Bng 3.2 : Bng h s pht sinh bi do cc xe vn chuyn chy trn ung Bng 3.3 : Thi lng bi pht sinh do cc xe vn chuyn chy trn ngtrong qu trnh thi cng xy dng Bng 3.4 : Bng h s nhim i vi cc loi xe chy du DO Bng 3.5 : c tnh thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi Bng 3.6 : c tnh thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi ca my pht in d phng Bng 3.7 : Nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in Bng 3.8 : H s nhim khng kh i vi cc loi xe t chy trn loi ng th Bng 3.9 : H s nhim khng kh i vi cc loi xe m t Bng 3.10: c tnh thi lng cc cht nhim trong khi thi do xe t v m t ra vo khu chung c gy ra Bng 3.11: Cc thnh phn c trng v nng ca n trong nc thi sinh hot Bng 3.12: Nng cc cht bn trong nc thi sinh hot ca khu Kim Lin Bng 3.13: n mt s thit b thi cng trn cng trng
Bng 3.14: Tng hp mc tin cy ca cc phng php TM s dng Bng 4.1 : Tnh ton thit k s b cc cng trnh x l ca h thng XLNT Bng 5.1 : Chng trnh qun l mi trng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit Bng 5.2 : Kinh ph gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh (qu trnh xy dng) Bng 5.3 : Kinh ph gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh (giai on hot ng) Bng 5.4 : Kinh ph gim st cht lng nc thi
MC LC
M U 1 1. XUT X CA D N...........................................................................................1 2. CN C PHP LUT V K THUT CA VIC THC HIN TM...........1 3. PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH THC HIN TM............5 4. T CHC THC HIN TM................................................................................5 CHNG 1 M T TM TT D N.......................................................................7 1.1. TN D N............................................................................................................7 1.2. CH D N...........................................................................................................7 1.3. V tr a l ca d n.............................................................................................7 1.3.1. V tr a l........................................................................................................7 1.3.2. Cc i tng xung quanh a im thc hin d n......................................7 1.3.2.1. Cc i tng t nhin...................................................................................7 1.3.2.2. Cc i tng kinh t - x hi........................................................................8 1.4. NI DUNG CH YU CA D N....................................................................8 1.4.1. S lc v d n...............................................................................................8 1.4.2. Quy m ca d n.............................................................................................8 1.4.2.1. Quy m ca d n...........................................................................................8 1.4.2.2. Cc hng mc chnh ca d n.......................................................................8 1.4.2.3. Cc hng mc ph tr ca d n....................................................................9 1.4.2.4. Gii php thit k kt cu cng trnh............................................................14 1.4.2.5. Vn u t thc hin d n:....................................................................15 1.5. T CHC QUN L V THC HIN D N..............................................16 CHNG 2 IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T - X HI. . .17 2.1. IU KIN T NHIN V MI TRNG....................................................17 2.1.1. iu kin t nhin..........................................................................................17 2.1.1.1. iu kin a l, a cht..............................................................................17 2.1.1.2. c im kh tng - thu vn.....................................................................19 2.1.2. Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin...........................................23 2.1.2.1. Mi trng nc...........................................................................................23
2.1.2.2. Mi trng khng kh...................................................................................24 2.2. IU KIN KINH T - X HI KHU VC....................................................25 2.2.1. iu kin kinh t.............................................................................................25 2.2.1.1. Hin trng pht trin kinh t ca phng.....................................................25 2.2.1.2. nh hng pht trin kinh t trong tng lai..............................................26 2.2.2. iu kin x hi..............................................................................................26 2.2.2.1. V tr a l phng Th Quang...................................................................26 2.2.2.2. Dn s v lao ng.......................................................................................26 2.2.2.3. Gio dc v y t............................................................................................26 2.2.2.4. C s h tng v v sinh lao ng................................................................26 CHNG 3 NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG DO VIC THC HIN D N..............................................................28 3.1. NH GI TC NG......................................................................................28 3.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng........................................................................................28 3.1.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi............................................28 3.1.1.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi......................................39 3.1.2. i tng, quy m b tc ng........................................................................41 3.1.2.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng ..............................................................41 3.1.2.2. Trong giai on d n i vo hot ng.......................................................42 3.1.3. nh gi tc ng...........................................................................................42 3.1.3.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng cng trnh..............................................42 3.1.3.2. Trong giai on hot ng ca d n...........................................................45 3.1.4. D bo ri ro, s c mi trng do d n gy ra...........................................48 3.1.4.1. Trong giai on xy dng:............................................................................48 3.1.4.2. Trong giai on d n hot ng..................................................................49 3.2. NHN XT MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC NH GI.....50 CHNG 4 BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG.....................53 4.1. I VI CC TC NG XU ......................................................................53 4.1.1. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong giai on thi cng xy dng.........53 4.1.1.1. Bin php qun l.........................................................................................53 4.1.1.2. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do nc thi................................................53 4.1.1.3. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do rung...................................................54
4.1.1.4. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do st ln....................................................54 4.1.1.5. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do kh thi, ting n....................................55 4.1.1.6. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do bi..........................................................55 4.1.1.7. Bin php gim thiu tc ng do cht thi rn...........................................55 4.1.2. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong giai on hot ng ca d n.....55 4.1.2.1. Bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng khng kh.................................55 4.1.2.2. Bin php gim thiu nhim do nc thi.................................................57 4.1.2.3. Bin php x l cht thi rn........................................................................65 4.1.2.4. Phng n trng cy xanh............................................................................66 4.1.2.5. Cc bin php m bo an ninh trt t.........................................................66 4.2. CC BIN PHP PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG. 66 4.2.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng.................................................................66 4.2.2. Trong giai on hot ng ca d n.............................................................70 4.2.2.1. Phng chng chy n....................................................................................70 4.2.2.2. An ton v in.............................................................................................71 4.2.2.3. Phng chng st............................................................................................71 4.2.2.4. Phng chng thin tai...................................................................................71 4.2.2.5. Phng chng s c do h hng h thng x l nc thi............................72 CHNG 5 CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG..........74 5.1. CHNG TRNH QUN L MI TRNG.................................................74 5.2. CHNG TRNH GIM ST MI TRNG...............................................74 5.2.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng.................................................................75 5.2.2. Trong giai on d n i vo hot ng.........................................................75 5.2.2.1. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh..................................................75 5.2.2.2. Gim st cht lng nc thi......................................................................75 5.2.2.3. Gim st cht thi rn...................................................................................76 5.2.3. Kinh ph gim st mi trng.........................................................................76 5.2.3.1. Gim st mi trng trong qu trnh xy dng............................................76 5.2.3.2. Gim st mi trng trong qu trnh hot ng ca d n:..........................76 CHNG 6 THAM VN KIN CNG NG......................................................77 6.1. KIN CA UBND PHNG TH QUANG................................................78 6.2. KIN CA UBMTTQ PHNG TH QUANG..........................................78 6.3. KIN V CAM KT CA CH D N.......................................................78
KT LUN, KIN NGH V CAM KT.....................................................................80 1. KT LUN ............................................................................................................80 2. CAM KT................................................................................................................80 2.1. Cam kt thc hin cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu...............................80 2.2. Cam kt thc hin tt c cc bin php quy nh v bo v mi trng c lin quan n d n.........................................................................................................81 2.3. Cam kt tun th cc tiu chun, quy chun mi trng Vit Nam.................82 3. KIN NGH.............................................................................................................83

DTM Can Ho The Summit

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CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

Cc c s php lut v k thut xy dng bo co nh gi tc ng mi

trng (TM) bao gm:

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

Cc tiu chun, quy chun p dng trong qu trnh lp bo co TM:

Cc ti liu, d liu s dng trong qu trnh lp bo co TM:

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

3. PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH THC HIN TM

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ny do Cng ty trch nhim hu hn t Kinh tuyn S Mt ch tr thc hin.

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

+ ng Nguyn Hong Linh + ng Nguyn Th Minh

: K s Cng ngh mi trng : C nhn Mi trng

+ B Phm Hu Qunh Trm : C nhn Cng ngh mi trng

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

n v i din in thoi Fax

Ta khu t thc hin d n: N: 16o05.788 E:108o14.742 Cn gii ca khu t:

: Gip Cng ty c phn ho cht vt liu Nng;

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

1.3.2.2. Cc i tng kinh t - x hi

Khu dn c: D n c xy dng ti khu dn c Bc Phan B Phin, phng Th Quang. y l

khu vc ng dn c, sinh sng y t lu i.

Ngun: D n u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

+ Tng trt: c dng lm bi u xe v l khu tip n dn c ra vo khu chung c

Bi xe c thit k hp l, thun tin vi lu lng xe c ln. Bi xe ch phc v dn c trong khu chung c.

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

cc ng h o ring c t ti hp k thut nc.

200 lt/ngi 35 lt/ngi 50 lt/ch 35 lt/ngi 1%/ngy

Tng nhu cu dng nc

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

downlight m trn bng. V tr cc n c b tr ph hp vi cu to trn v cc ca gi ca iu ho.

hng ho v khch hng.

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

Cc tr cp nc cu ha c b tr bn ngoi cng trnh lc lng cu ha c th s dng c. Ton b tr cp nc ny c lin h vi nhau.

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

Gi tr u t (triu ng) 48.000 216.000 65.192 329.192

T l (%) 14,58 65,62 19,80 100,00

Tng gi tr u t xy dng Li vay trong thi gian xy dng Tng gi tr u t ton d n

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT

Hnh thc u t: D n u t xy dng mi hon ton.

Ngun: D n u t xy dng Khu chung c cao cp The Summit

CNG TY TNHH T KINH TUYN S MT

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG D N: KHU CHUNG C CAO CP THE SUMMIT