5.4.1 Mimic Diagram.

Power supply arrangement for the overhead 25 kv traction is shown in remote control centre on small scale on what is called mimic diagram. Every equipment of the station which is to be remote controlled such as circuit breaker interrupter etc. is represented on the mimic diagram by a control discrepancy switch (DS). The telecommand for closing or tripping f circuit breaker or interrupter is transmitted by actuating the discrepancy switches. When discrepancy switch is in line with the busbar, it represents closed position for circuit breaker and when at right angles to it, this gives open position. 11 Unit V There is built in lamp inside the central indicator bar of every discrepancy switch. When this lamp of discrepancy switch glows, it indicates a discrepancy or discordance between the position of the discrepancy switch and the actual position of the apparatus it represents. Certain non-remote controlled apparatus like substation isolators are represented by hand operated dummy switches which are different from discrepancy switches. The electrified tracks are represented on the mimic diagram by milky white perspex strips. Indication lamps are provided for each section of catenary so that when the catenary voltage fails, the lamps provided in the corresponding section on the mimic diagram light up and become fully illuminated. The mimic diagram, however, remains dark under normal working conditions. Such an arrangement draws the attention of the operator much more prominently. In addition to above, mimic diagram is provided with following alarm indicating and supervisory facilities for each controlled station. 1. Milky white lamp called pilot lamp (PL) is provided which lights up when alarm is received from any station in that panel. 2. Green lamp called operation in progress lamp (OPL) lights up whenever impulse train is being transmitted from or received by the remote control centre. 3. Red Lamp called channel failure lamp (CHL) lights up when either send or receive channel fails or underground P and T cable develops a fault. 4. Annunciation windows (AW) are provided for each post to indicate the nature of fault which is inscribed separately on each window. When lamp behind the window lights up, the inscription becomes visible thereby indicating the fault. Various types of faults indicated are: a. Excessive voltage drop of 24 V battery used for the operation of remote control switching equipment or F.M.V.F.T. b. Excessive voltage drop of 110/72VDC supply used for the operation of high voltage circuit breaker. c. Failure of 230 V AC supply at controlled station. d. Transformer alarm due to the operation of Buchholz relay alarm or winding or oil temperature alarm. e. Transformer fault and its tripping due to the operation of Buchholz relay, winding temperature, oil temperature or low oil level protection. f. Fuse failure in the remote control centre switching cubicle. g. Fuse failure in the controlled post switching cubicle. h. Remote control equipment at the post being out of order for the purpose of telecommand and telesignal. i. Send and receive channels of particular controlled post being faulty. j. Defect in the contacts of circuit breakers, interrupters or isolators or telesignals at the station. k. Impulses in the telesignal train being distorted which is also called impulse failure. Following additional facilities are provided on the mimic diagram. 1. General check key (GC) is provided for each controlled post to verify the exact position of all the apparatus at the controlled post. When this key is pressed the command is transmitted from the control centre' to the controlled post in question. The position of all the remote controlled breakers, catenary conditions, battery supply condition and the

condition of auxiliary supplies are transmitted by a telesignal from the controlled post to the remote control centre. 2. Lamp test key (LT) is provided to carry out a test to ensure that all the indication lamps on each mimic panel are in good condition. This test is necessary because the panel is dark under normal conditions. 3. Alarm reset key (AR) is provided to enable the traction power controller (TPC) to acknowledge and cancel any alarm telesignal arriving at the control centre. 5.4.2 Control Desk for TPC. This table is located centrally with respect to the whole of the mimic diagram of the remote control centre and is provided with various telecommunication facilities such as loud speaking, telephone from TPC circuit, traction loco 12 Unit V control circuit and emergency control circuit and interconnection to section controller and deputy controller with ringing facilities. Control desk is also provided with two alarm cancellation keys-one to acknowledge and cancel any alarm telesignal arriving at the control centre and the second for acknowledging the alarm of low voltage condition of the battery of the control centre for which buzzer is provided on the desk. In addition, two red lamps are provided to draw the attention of the T.P.C for above conditions. One test lamp to check these two lamps is also provided. 5.4.3 Remote Control Switching Equipment.It consists of following main units of plug-in type: 1. Pulse generator 2. Send selector 3. Receive selector 4. Check circuit, send and receive 5. Indication circuits. The main purpose of above equipment is to generate and send coded information for execution of any command at the controlled station and also to receive coded information from the controlled station to the remote control centre. 5.4.4. The F.M.V.F.T. This equipment provides 18 two way frequency modulated voice frequency telegraph channels for operation over four wire circuit. The send unit for each channel consists of an oscillator modulator, an amplifier and send filter. On the output side of send filters, individual channels are grouped together and connected to trans-amplifier and then to cable lines through 150: 1120 tapping transformer. Out of four wires, two are utilized for telecommands and two for telesignals. Due to this reason same frequency can be employed in the two circuits. This also enables simultaneous transmission of the command impulses from control room to various controlled stations over the send pair of wires and receiving the indication impulses from the controlled posts to the control room over the receive pair of wires. 5.4.5 Power Supply. 24 V DC supply is obtained from a battery provided with suitable battery charger. This supply is required by switchingequipment, FMVFT equipment and all the visual and audible alarm indications of the remote control centre. 5.4.6 Controlled Station Equipment. It consists of FMVFT equipment, remote control switching equipment and power supply. As against 18 channels, FMVFT equipment at controlled station has only one channel. It serves the purpose of sending and receiving the coded information over the allotted telegraph channel. Remote control switching equipment at the controlled station is similar to that at remote control centre.