Chng2 Mhnhthcthkthp (EntityRelationship)

Nidungchitit

Qu trnh thit k CSDL M hnh E/R Thit k V d

QutrnhthitkCSDL

tng

E/Rthitk

Lc quanh

HQTCSDL quanh

QutrnhthitkCSDL(tt)
Th gii thc Phntchyucu
Ccyucuvdliu Ccyucuvchcnng

Phntchchcnng
Ccctchcnng

Phntchquannim
Lcquannim

Thitkmclogic
Lclogic

clpHQT Thitk chngtrnhngdng Chngtrnhngdng

4

Phthuc HQTcth

Thitkmcvtl
Lctrong

Nidungchitit

Qu trnh thit k CSDL M hnh thc th - kt hp

-

Thc th Thuc tnh Mi kt hp Lc thc th - kt hp Thc th yu

Thit k V d

Mhnhthcthkthp

c dng thit k CSDL mc quan nim Biu din tru tng cu trc ca CSDL Lc thc th - kt hp (Entity-Relationship Diagram)
-

Tp thc th (Entity Sets) Thuc tnh (Attributes) Mi quan h (Relationship)

Tpthcth

Mt thc th l mt i tng ca th gii thc Tp hp cc thc th ging nhau to thnh 1 tp thc th Ch

-

Thc th (Entity) i tng (Object) Tp thc th (Entity set) Lp i tng (Class of objects)

Cutrccadliu Thaotctrndliu

Tpthcth(tt)

V d Qun l n cng ty
-

Mt nhn vin l mt thc th Tp hp cc nhn vin l tp thc th Mt n l mt thc th Tp hp cc n l tp thc th Mt phng ban l mt thc th Tp hp cc phng ban l tp thc th

Thuctnh

L nhng c tnh ring bit ca tp thc th V d tp thc th NHANVIEN c cc thuc tnh

-

H tn Ngy sinh a ch Kiu chui Kiu s nguyn Kiu s thc

9

L nhng gi tr nguyn t
-

Miquanh

L s lin kt gia 2 hay nhiu tp thc th V d gia tp thc th NHANVIEN v PHONGBAN c cc lin kt
-

Mt nhn vin thuc mt phng ban no Mt phng ban c mt nhn vin lm trng phng

10

LcE/R

L th biu din cc tp thc th, thuc tnh v mi quan h

-

nh
Tntpthcth Tnthuctnh Tnquanh

Tpthcth Thuctnh Quanh

Cnh l ng ni gia

Tp thc th v thuc tnh Mi quan h v tp thc th

11

VdlcE/R
NGSINH HONV TENNV PHAI LUON G DCHI TENPHG

NHANVIEN

Lam_viec

PHONGBAN

La_truong_phong Phu_trach
DDIEM_D A TENDA

Phan_cong

DEAN

12

ThhincalcE/R

Mt CSDL c m t bi lc E/R s cha ng nhng d liu c th gi l th hin CSDL

-

Mi tp thc th s c tp hp hu hn cc thc th

Gi s tp thc th NHANVIEN c cc thc th nh NV1, NV2, NVn NV1 c TENNV=Tung, NGSINH=08/12/1955, PHAI=Nam NV2 c TENNV= Hang, NGSINH=07/19/1966, PHAI=Nu

Mi thc th s c 1 gi tr c th ti mi thuc tnh

Ch
-

Khng lu tr lc E/R trong CSDL

Khi nim tru tng

Lc E/R ch gip ta thit k CSDL trc khi chuyn cc quan h v d liu xung mc vt l
13

MiquanhThhin

Th hin CSDL cn cha cc mi quan h c th

-

Cho mi quan h R kt ni n tp thc th E1, E2, , En Th hin ca R l tp hu hn cc danh sch (e1, e2, , en) Trong ei l cc gi tr c chn t cc tp thc th Ei
NHANVIEN
Lam_viec

Xt mi quan h
PHONGBAN

NHANVIEN
Tung Hang Vinh

PHONGBAN
Nghiencuu Dieuhanh Quanly

(Tung,Nghiencuu) (Hang,Dieuhanh) (Vinh,Quanly)

14

MiquanhMultiplicity

Xt mi quan h nh phn R (binary relationship) gia 2 tp thc th E v F, tnh multiplicity bao gm

-

Mt-Nhiu

Mt E c quan h vi nhiu F Mt F c quan h vi mt E Mt E c quan h vi mt F Mt F c quan h vi mt E Mt E c quan h vi nhiu F Mt F c quan h vi nhiu E

Quan_h

Mt-Mt

Quan_h

Nhiu-Nhiu

Quan_h

15

MiquanhMultiplicity(tt)

(min, max) ch nh mi thc th e E tham gia t nht v nhiu nht vo th hin ca R

E
(min,max) Quan_h (min,max)

(0,1) khng hoc 1 (1,1) duy nht 1 (0,n) khng hoc nhiu (1,n) mt hoc nhiu

16

MiquanhMultiplicity(tt)

V d
-

Mt phng ban c nhiu nhn vin

NV
Lam_viec (1,n)

PB

Mt nhn vin ch thuc 1 phng ban

NV
(1,1) Lam_viec

PB

Mt nhn vin c th c phn cng vo nhiu n hoc khng NV (0,n) Phan_cong vo n no c phn cng DA
(0,1)

NV La_truong_phong PB Mt nhn vin c th l trng phng ca 1 phng ban no 17

MiquanhVaitr

Mt loi thc th c th tham gia nhiu ln vo mt quan h vi nhiu vai tr khc nhau
Languoiquanly (0,n) Quan_ly

NHANVIEN

Duocquanlyboi

(0,1)

18

Thuctnhtrnmiquanh

Thuc tnh trn mi quan h m t tnh cht cho mi quan h Thuc tnh ny khng th gn lin vi nhng thc th tham gia vo mi quan h
NHANVIEN
(0,n) Phan_cong (1,n)

DEAN

THGIAN

19

Thuctnhkha

Cc thc th trong tp thc th cn phi c phn bit Kha K ca tp thc th E l mt hay nhiu thuc tnh sao cho
-

Ly ra 2 thc th bt k e1, v e2 trong E Th e1 v e2 khng th c cc gi tr ging nhau ti cc thuc tnh trong K Mi tp thc th phi c 1 kha Mt kha c th c 1 hay nhiu thuc tnh C th c nhiu kha trong 1 tp thc th, ta s chn ra 1 kha lm kha chnh cho tp thc th
20

Ch
-

Vdthuctnhkha
MANV HONV TENNV PHAI NGSINH LUON G DCHI MAPHG TENPB

NHANVIEN

Lam_viec

PHONGBAN

La_truong_phong Phu_trach
DDIEM_D A TENDA MADA
21

Phan_cong

DEAN

Tpthcthyu

L thc th m kha c c t nhng thuc tnh ca tp thc th khc Thc th yu (weak entity set) phi tham gia vo mi quan h m trong c mt tp thc th chnh V d 1
MANV HONV TENNV PHAI NGSINH LUON G DCHI (1,n)

NHANVIEN

Co_than_nhan
(1,1)

THANNHAN

QUANH E NGSIN H PHAI TENTN

22

Tpthcthyu(tt)

V d 2

MAHD NGAYH D TONGTIE N

HOA_DON
(1,n)

HD_CT
(1,1)

CHI_TIET
(1,1)

SL_HH SOTIEN

HH_CT
(1,n) TENHH DGIA MAHH
23

HANG_HOA

Nidungchitit

Qu trnh thit k CSDL M hnh thc th - kt hp Thit k

-

Cc bc thit k Nguyn l thit k

V d

24

Ccbcthitk

(1) Xc nh tp thc th (2) Xc nh mi quan h (3) Xc nh thuc tnh v gn thuc tnh cho tp thc th v mi quan h (4) Quyt nh min gi tr cho thuc tnh (5) Quyt nh thuc tnh kha (6) Quyt nh (min, max) cho mi quan h

25

Quitcthitk

Chnh xc Trnh trng lp D hiu Chn ng mi quan h Chn ng kiu thuc tnh

26

Nidungchitit

Qu trnh thit k CSDL M hnh thc th - kt hp Thit k V d

-

Qun l n cng ty

27

VdQunlncngty

CSDL n cng ty theo di cc thng tin lin quan n nhn vin, phng ban v n
-

Cty c nhiu phng ban, mi phng ban c tn duy nht, m phng duy nht, mt trng phng v ngy nhn chc. Mi phng ban c th nhiu a im khc nhau. n c tn duy nht, m duy nht, do 1 mt phng ban ch tr v c trin khai 1 a im. Nhn vin c m s, tn, a ch, ngy sinh, phi v lng. Mi nhn vin lm vic 1 phng ban, tham gia vo cc n vi s gi lm vic khc nhau. Mi nhn vin u c mt ngi qun l trc tip. Mt nhn vin c th c nhiu thn nhn. Mi thn nhn c tn, phi, ngy sinh v mi quan h vi nhn vin .
28

Bitpvnh

Bi tp
-

2.1.3 n 2.1.8 / 36 - 38 2.4.4 / 58 - 59 Hon chnh lc E/R cho v d Qun l n cng ty

c
-

Mi quan h isa Cc qui tc khi thit k

29

30