STABILITY ANALYSIS AIM:To determine the single machine infinite bus system stability.

SOFTWRE REQUIRED:MATLAB FORMULAE:Pmax =E V/x do= a sin (pm/ Pmax) ps = pmax cos(do) wm=(x60/Hps) Z=D/2(x60/Hps) wd=wn(1-z2) Fd=wd/2 Tau=1/Zwn Th=a cosZ Ddo=10/180 Dd=Ddo/(1-z2) x exp(-Zwnt)x sin(wdt+Th) d=(do+Dd)18/ Dw=-wnxDdo/ [1-z2 x exp (-Zwnt) x sin (wdt)] =o+Dw/2X

Theory:
The tendency of a power system to develop restoring forces equal to or greater than the disturbing forces to maintain the state of equilibrium is known as STABILITY. When the power system undergoes disturbance, causing the readjustment of the voltage angles of the synchronous machines. If such an occurrence creates an unbalance between the system generation and load, it results in the establishment of a new steady-state operating condition, with the subsequent adjustment of the voltage angles.

The perturbation could be a major disturbance such as the loss of a generator, a fault or the loss of a line, or a combination of such events. It could also be a small load or random load changes occurring under normal operating conditions.

Adjustment to the new operating condition is called the transient period. The system behavior during this time is called the dynamic system performance, which is of concern in defining system stability.

The main criterion for stability is that the synchronous machines maintain synchronism at the end of the transient period. If the oscillatory response of a power system during the transient period following a disturbance is damped and the system settles in a finite time to a new steady operating condition, we say the system is stable. If the system is not stable, it is considered unstable.

Loss of synchronism Any unbalance between the generation and load initiates a transient that causes the rotors of the synchronous machines to "swing" because net accelerating (or decelerating) torques are exerted on these rotors.

If these net torques are sufficiently large to cause some of the rotors to swing far enough so that one or more machines "slip a pole," synchronism is lost. To assure stability, a new equilibrium state must be reached before any of the machines experience this condition. Loss of synchronism can also happen in stages, e.g., if the initial transient causes an electrical link in the transmission network to be interrupted during the swing. This creates another transient, which when superimposed on the first may cause synchronism to be lost.

PROGRAM OF STABILITY ANALYSIS:clear all clc E=1.2056;V=1.1;H=4.5;X=0.65;Pm=1.7;D=0.138;fo=50; Pmax=E*V/X do=asin(Pm/Pmax) Ps=Pmax*cos(do) Wn=sqrt(pi*60/H*Ps) Z=D/2*sqrt(pi*60/(H*Ps)) Wd=Wn*sqrt(1-Z^2) Fd=Wd/(2*pi) Tau=1/(Z*Wn) Th=acos(Z) Ddo=10*pi/180 t=0:.01:3; Dd=Ddo/sqrt(1-Z^2)*exp(-Z*Wn*t).*sin(Wd*t+Th); d=(do+Dd)*180/pi; Dw=-Wn*Ddo/sqrt(1-Z^2)*exp(-Z*Wn*t).*sin(Wd*t); f=fo+Dw/(2*pi); subplot(2,1,1),plot(t,d),grid xlabel('t sec'),ylabel('Delta deg') subplot(2,1,2),plot(t,f),grid xlabel('t sec'),ylabel('Freq hZ')

Output

RESULT:-

Thus the stability analysis of single machine infinite bus system was determined and it was checked by using MATLAB.