TRNG I HC KINH T TPHCM KHOA O TO SAU I HC MN QUN TR CHT LNG

TI 7:

PHN TCH H THNG HACCP P DNG TI CNG TY ACECOOK VIT NAM

GVHD: TS. NG TH NH THC HIN: NHM 3 LP QTKD 5-K20

DANH SCH NHM 3:

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H V TN L Th Thy L Th M Lu Xun L Th M L Th Thy i Chi Danh Dung Hng

GHI CH

Trn Th Hoi Phng Trn Thanh L Th Kim L Thanh L Thy Tin Th Th Trang

Muc luc
1 CHNG 1: L THUYT H THNG QUN L HACCP....................................................................................3 2 CHNG 2: P DNG QUN L HACCP TI ACECOOK VIT NAM................................................................24 3 CHNG 3: NH GI VIC P DNG H THNG HACCP V XUT .....................................................51 4 KT LUN.....................................................................................................................................................54

1 CH NG 1: L THUY T H TH NG QU N L HACCP
1.1 Gi i thi u v h th ng qu n l HACCP
HACCP l t vit tt ca Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point trong ting Anh v c ngha l "h thng phn tch mi nguy v kim sot im ti hn", hay "h thng phn tch, xc nh v t chc kim sot cc mi nguy trng yu trong qu trnh sn xut v ch bin thc phm".

HACCP l h thng qun l cht lng da trn c s phn tch cc mi nguy v cc im kim sot trng yu. l cng c phn tch nhm bo m an ton v sinh v cht lng thc phm. HACCP bao gm nhng nh gi c h thng i vi tt c cc bc c lin quan trong quy trnh ch bin thc phm, ng thi xc nh nhng bc trng yu i vi an ton cht lng thc phm. Cng c ny cho php tp trung ngun lc k thut, chuyn mn vo nhng bc ch bin c nh hng quyt nh n an ton cht lng thc phm. Phn tch HACCP s a ra danh mc nhng im kim sot trng yu CCPs cng vi nhng mc tiu phng nga, cc th tc theo di, gim st v nhng tc ng iu chnh tng im kim sot trng yu. duy tr an ton, cht lng lin tc cho sn phm, cc kt qu phn tch s c lu gi. Phng php nghin cu HACCP phi thng xuyn thay i ty thuc vo nhng thay i ca qu trnh ch bin. HACCP l mt h thng c s s khoa hc v c tnh logic h thng. HACCP c th thch nghi d dng vi s thay i nh nhng tin b trong thit k thit b, quy trnh ch bin hoc nhng ci tin k thut. H thng HACCP c kh nng c lp vi nhng h thng qun l cht lng khc. p dng HACCP ph hp vi vic thc hin cc h thng qun l cht lng c v l h thng ng la chn qun l an ton cht lng thc phm trong s rt nhiu nhng h thng qun l cht lng khc nhau. Xt ring v phng din qun l an ton v cht lng, HACCP l h thng ang c ton th gii cng nhn nh l mt h thng qun l an ton v cht lng thc phm hu hiu nht. Trc nhng 3

yu cu ngy cng tng ca ngi tiu dng cng nh trch nhim ca cc nh sn xut, ch bin thc phm, cc quc gia trn ton th gii m c bit l Lin minh Chu u (EU), M, Nht u chnh thc ban hnh cc quy nh bt buc ch cho php a ra th trng nhng sn phm thc phm phi c chng nhn HACCP.

1.2 Ngu n g c HACCP 1.3

Cng ty Pillsbury chuyn sn xut thc phm cung cp cho chng trnh v tr M cho rng k thut kim tra cht lng m h ang p dng khng m bo chng gy nhim cho sn phm trong sn xut thc phm. H thy rng h phi kim nghim qu nhiu thnh phm ti mc ch cn li rt t sn phm c th cung cp cho cc chuyn bay vo v tr do cng ty Pillsbury kt lun: Ch c cch xy dng h thng phng nga, khng cho mi nguy xy ra trong qu trnh sn xut mi m bo c an ton thc phm v u nhng nm 1960 h bt u p dng khi nim HACCP i vi cng tc sn xut thc phm ca h.T h thng qun l cht lng thc phm ca cng ty Pillsbury c cng nhn trn ton th gii nh mt bin php ti tn kim sot an ton thc phm. N khng phi l h thng hon ton khng c ri ro nhng n c thit k gim thiu ri ro ca cc mi nguy i vi an ton thc phm. Nm 1973 ln u FDA yu cu kim sot HACCP trong ch bin hp chng Clostridium Botulinum l loi gy ra ng c tht.

1.4 Cc nguyn t c thi t l p nn h th ng HACCP hi u qu .

Phn tch mi nguy v im kim sot ti hn (HACCP) l mt tiu chun quc t xc nh cc yu cu ca mt h thng qun l thc phm an ton. H thng HACCP gip t chc tp trung vo cc nguy c c nh hng n an ton / v sinh thc phm v xc nh mt cch c h thng, thit lp v thc hin cc gii hn kim sot quan trng ti cc im kim sot ti hn trong sut qu trnh ch bin thc phm. HACCP c xy dng trn 7 nguyn tc sau: Nguyn tc 1: Phn tch mi nguy v cc bin php phng nga. Mi nguy l cc yu t hoc tc nhn sinh hc, ho hc v vt l c th lm cho thc phm khng an ton khi s dng. Phn tch mi nguy l bc c bn ca h thng HACCP. thit lp cc bin php phng nga c hiu qu cc mi nguy v an ton thc phm, iu mu cht l phi xc nh c tt c cc mi nguy ng k v cc bin php phng nga chng. 4

 nhn bit c cc mi nguy c th mi cng on nht nh (ca qu trnh ch bin) hoc mt trng thi vt cht nht nh (nguyn vt liu, thnh phn) chng ta cn nh gi mc quan trng ca mi nguy xc nh xem c phi l mi nguy hi ng k hay khng. Vic ny rt phc tp, v d c kh nng xut phi kim sot tt c cc mi nguy nh hng n an ton thc phm. Nhng thc ra HACCP ch tp trung vo cc mi nguy ng k hay xy ra v c nhiu kh nng gy nhng ri ro khng chp nhn c cho sc kho ngi tiu dng. Sau khi hon tt vic nh gi cc mi nguy ng k th phi tin hnh xc lp cc bin php kim sot c th. C th dng cc bin php tng hp kim sot mt mi nguy nhng cng c th dng mt bin php kim sot nhiu mi nguy khc nhau. Khi xc nh cc bin php kim sot cn lu cc mi nguy no c th kim sot c bng vic p dng chng trnh tin quyt th ghi r kim sot bng GMP hay SSOP. Cn i vi cc mi nguy khng th kim sot y ti c s (nh mi nguy i vi nguyn vt liu) th cn ghi r cc bin php kim sot v ni thc hin cc bin php (nng tri, nh cng ng...). Nguyn tc 2: Xc nh cc im kim sot trng yu (CCPs) trong quy trnh bng vic phn tch cc mi nguy theo cy quyt nh. im kim sot trng yu l im, bc hoc th tc ti c th tin hnh cc bin php kim sot nhm ngn nga, loi tr hoc gim thiu cc mi nguy ng k v an ton thc phm ti mc chp nhn c. i vi mi mi nguy ng k c xc nh trong nguyn tc 1 th cn phi c mt hay nhiu CCP kim sot cc mi nguy . Cc CCP l nhng im c th trong qu trnh sn xut m din ra cc hot ng kim sot ca chng trnh HACCP. Cc CCP c th thay i tu theo s khc nhau v b tr mt bng x nghip, nh dng sn phm, quy trnh cng ngh, loi thit b s dng, nguyn vt liu v cc chng trnh tin quyt. xc nh cc CCP trong sut qu trnh sn xut ca doanh nghip ta c th dng cy quyt nh. Nu s dng ng, cy quyt nh c th tr thnh cng c hu ch xc nh CCP. Tuy nhin, cy quyt nh khng thay th c kin thc chuyn gia, v nu ch da hon ton vo cy quyt nh c th dn ti nhng kt lun sai. Nguyn tc 3: Thit lp cc ngng ti hn. y l cc mc t ra v mc sai bit c th chp nhn c m bo cho cc im CCPs nm trong vng kim sot c Ngng ti hn l mt chun mc nhm xc nh ranh gii gia mc chp nhn c v mc khng th chp nhn. Mi CCPs phi c mt hoc nhiu gii hn ti hn cho mi mi nguy ng k. Khi vi phm gii hn ti hn, phi tin hnh hnh ng sa cha m bo an ton thc phm. Trong nhiu trng hp, gii hn ti hn c th khng r rng hoc khng c, do vy vn phi tin hnh th nghim hoc thu 5

thp thng tin t cc ngun nh cc ti liu khoa hc, cc hng dn, quy nh ca c quan c thm quyn, cc chuyn gia hoc cc nghin cu thc nghim. Nu khng c cc thng tin cn thit xc nh ngng ti hn th cn phi chn tr s an ton. C s v ti liu tham kho thit lp ngng ti hn phi l mt phn ca ti liu h tr cho k hoch HACCP. Nguyn tc 4: Gim st im kim sot ti hn. Thit lp h thng theo di, gim st m bo kim sot cc CCPs bng cc th tc xt nghim, quan trc. H thng gim st l cc hot ng c tin hnh mt cch tun t v lin tc bng vic quan trc hay o c cc thng s cn kim sot nh gi mt im CCPs no c c kim sot hay khng. H thng gim st phi c xc nh mt cch c th nh: gim st ci g? Gim st cc ngng ti hn v cc bin php phng nga nh th no? Tn sut gim st nh th no v ai s gim st. Nguyn tc 5: Xc lp cc hnh ng khc phc: Khi vi phm cc ngng ti hn ti cc CCPs phi thc hin cc hnh ng khc phc ngay. Cc hnh ng khc phc c tin hnh nhm khi phc s kim sot ca qu trnh, x l cc sn phm vi phm trong thi gian xy ra sai lch v xc nh cch x l an ton cc sn phm b nh hng. Thng th cc hnh ng khc phc d kin trong k hoch HACCP s c kim chng hiu qu ca n trong thc t khi khc phc s vi phm v sau s c iu chnh cc hnh ng khc phc trong k hoch HACCP nhm m bo hp l v hiu qu hn. Nguyn tc 6: Thit lp h thng ti liu, h s cho chng trnh HACCP: Lu tr v kim sot h s l mt nhim v quan trng ca chng trnh HACCP. H s HACCP l mt bng chng quan trng chng minh rng k hoch HACCP ca doanh nghip c c xy dng chnh xc v ng th tc hay khng, k hoch HACCP c c vn hnh v tun th mt cch trit hay khng. Ti liu h tr HACCP gm c cc ti liu hnh thnh trong qu trnh xy dng k hoch HACCP v cc chng trnh tin quyt nh GMP, SSOP; cc ghi chp, bo co thu thp c trong qu trnh p dng k hoch HACCP. Nguyn tc 7: Xc lp cc th tc thm nh: Mt chng trnh HACCP c xy dng cng phu, m bo cc nguyn tc v y cc bc nhng vn cha th khng nh chng trnh HACCP p dng mt cch c hiu qu. Do vy, cn 6

phi thit lp cc th tc thm nh bao gm cc phng php nh gi, ly mu th nghim sn phm nhm nh gi kt qu p dng chng trnh HACCP, qua c th pht hin mt s mi nguy cha c kim sot ng mc hoc mt s hot ng khc phc thiu hiu qu v chnh l c s b sung, sa i chng trnh HACCP. Theo quan nim chung th thm nh bao gm cc hot ng thm tra nhm nh gi tin cy ca k hoch HACCP v mc tun th k hoch HACCP.

1.5 Cc b c p d ng h p l h th ng HACCP
Bc 1: Lp nhm cng tc v HACCP. Vic nghin cu HACCP i hi phi thu thp, x l v nh gi cc s liu chuyn mn. Do , cc phn tch phi c tin hnh bi nhm cn b thuc cc chuyn ngnh khc nhau nhm ci thin cht lng cc phn tch v cht lng cc quyt nh s c a ra. Cc thnh vin phi c o to v c hiu bit v nhng vn lin quan trong cng vic xy dng v p dng chng trnh HACCP. Bc 2: M t sn phm. Phi m t y nhng chi tit quan trng ca sn phm s nghin cu, k c nhng sn phm trung gian tham gia vo qu trnh sn xut sn phm c xt c lin quan n tnh an ton v cht lng thc phm. Bc 3: Xc nh mc ch s dng. Cn c vo cch s dng d kin ca sn phm i vi nhm ngi s dng cui cng hay ngi tiu th xc nh mc ch s dng. Phng thc s dng Phng thc phn phi iu kin bo qun v thi hn s dng Yu cu v ghi nhn. Bc 4: Thit lp s quy trnh sn xut S ny v s mt bng, b tr thit b phi do nhm HACCP thit lp bao gm tt c cc bc trong qu trnh sn xut. y l cng c quan trng xy dng k hoch HACCP. 7

Bc 5: Thm tra s quy trnh sn xut Nhm HACCP phi thm tra li tng bc trong s mt cch cn thn bo m s th hin mt cch ng n qu trnh hot ng ca quy trnh trong thc t. Phi kim tra s ny ng vi hot ng ca quy trnh c vo ban ngy ln ban m v nhng ngy ngh. S phi c chnh sa cn thn sau khi nhn thy nhng thay i so vi s gc. Bc 6: Xc nh v lp danh mc cc mi nguy hi v cc bin php phng nga Nhn din tt c cc mi nguy hi c th xy ra. Nhng nguy hi c xem xt phi l nhng nguy hi m vic xa b n hay hn ch n n mc chp nhn c s c tm quan trng thit yu n cht lng an ton thc phm xt theo nhng yu cu c t ra. Tin hnh phn tch mi nguy xc nh cc bin php phng nga kim sot chng. Cc bin php phng nga l nhng hnh ng c tin hnh nhm xa b hoc gim bt mc gy hi ca mi nguy n mt mc c th chp nhn c. Bc 7: Xc nh cc im kim sot ti hn CCPs xc nh cc CCPs c th c nhiu cch tip cn khc nhau trong ph bin l s dng CY QUYT INH. Cy quyt nh l s c tnh logic nhm xc nh mt cch khoa hc v hp l cc CCPs trong mt chu trnh thc phm c th. R sot li cc kt qu phn tch mi nguy hi v cc bin php phng nga lp. Loi b cc mi nguy hi c th kim sot bng vic p dng cc phng php. Cc mi nguy cn li l cc mi nguy khng th kim sot y bng cc phng php th tin hnh phn tch xc nh CCPs. Bc 8: Thit lp cc ngng ti hn cho tng CCP Ngng ti hn l cc gi tr c nh trc cho cc bin php an ton nhm trit tiu hoc kim sot mt mi nguy ti mt CCP trong sut qu trnh vn hnh. Mi im CCP c th c nhiu ngng ti hn. thit lp chng, cn cn c vo cc quy nh v sinh, an ton ca nh nc, cc tiu chun quc t, cc hng dn kin ngh quc t ca FAO, WHO, cc c liu khoa hc, cc ti liu k thut, cc thng s quy trnh cng ngh, cc s liu thc nghim. m bo cc ch tiu cn kim sot khng c c hi vt ngng ti hn, cn xc nh gii hn an ton ti phi tin hnh iu chnh qu trnh ch bin nhm ngn nga kh nng vi phm ngng ti hn. Trong thc t, a ra khi nim Ngng vn hnh l gi tr ti ca ch tiu cn kim sot, ngi iu khin phi kp thi iu chnh thit b 8

hay quy trnh m bo gi tr khng qu ngng ti hn. Nh vy, ngng vn hnh lun lun c h s an ton cao hn ngng ti hn v c gi tr lun nm trong vng an ton ca ngng ti hn. Bc 9: Thit lp h thng gim st cho tng CCP Gim st l o lng hay quan trc theo lch trnh cc thng s ca CCP so snh chng vi cc ngng ti hn. H thng gim st m t phng php qun l s dng m bo cho cc im CCP c kim sot, ng thi n cng cung cp nhng h s v tnh trng ca qu trnh s dng v sau trong giai on thm tra. Vic gim st phi cung cp thng tin ng hiu chnh nhm bo m kim sot qu trnh, ngn nga vi phm cc ngng ti hn. Bc 10: Thit lp cc hnh ng khc phc Cc hnh ng khc phc c tin hnh khi kt qu cho thy mt CCP no khng c kim sot y . Phi thit lp cc hnh ng khc phc cho tng CCP trong h thng HACCP x l cc sai lch khi chng xy ra nhm iu chnh a qu trnh tr li vng kim sot. Bc 11: Thit lp cc th tc thm tra Hot ng thm tra phi c tin hnh nhm nh gi li ton b h thng HACCP v nhng h s ca h thng. Tn sut thm tra cn phi khng nh l h thng HACCP ang hot ng c hiu qu. Cc phng php thm tra c th bao gm cc h thng ni b, kim tra v mt vi sinh cc mu sn phm trung gian v cui cng, tin hnh thm cc xt nghim ti nhng im CCP c chn lc, tin hnh iu tra th trng pht hin nhng vn sc khe khng bnh thng do tiu th sn phm, cp nht s liu t pha ngi tiu dng sn phm. chnh l c s b sung, sa i chng trnh HACCP. Th tc thm tra bao gm:

1. Xem xt li nghin cu HACCP v nhng h s ghi chp 2. nh gi li nhng lch lc v khuyt tt sn phm 3. Quan st nu cc im CCP cn ang kim sot c 4. Xc nhn nhng ngng ti hn c xc nh 5. nh gi li chng trnh HACCP v tnh hnh s dng sn phm ca ngi tiu dng hin ti v trong tng lai.
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Bc 12: Thit lp b ti liu v lu gi h s HACCP Vic lu gi h s c hiu qu v chnh xc ng vai tr quan trng trong p dng h thng HACCP. Cc th tc HACCP phi c ghi thnh vn bn. Vic lp b ti liu v lu gi h s phi ph hp vi tnh cht v quy m ca qu trnh hot ng. Cc loi ti liu l: phn tch mi nguy, xc nh cc CCP, xc nh ngng ti hn. Cc loi h s bao gm: H s gim st CCP, h s v cc sai lch v nhng hnh ng khc phc km theo, h s v hot ng thm tra. Ngoi cc bc nu trn, thc thi k hoch HACCP hiu qu th vic o to nhn thc ca cng nhn vin trong c s v cc nguyn tc v cc ng dng h thng HACCP l nhng yu t quan trng. Thng qua vic nng cao hiu bit ca ton th cn b cng nhn vin v vn cht lng v h thng HACCP s to ra s ng lng nht tr trong qu trnh thc hin HACCP

1.6 L i ch t HACCP
Khi c c chng nhn HACCP th cc chng ta hon ton c th ngh ti nhng li ch m doanh nghip c th c sau khi cm chng ch HACCP trong tay. l: V mt th trng: Nng cao c uy tn v hnh nh ca doanh nghip vi khch hng vi vic c bn th ba chng nhn s ph hp ca h thng HACCP. Nng cao nng lc cnh tranh nh nng cao s tin cy ca ngi tiu dng vi cc sn phm ca doanh nghip. Pht trin bn vng nh p ng cc yu cu ca c quan qun l v sinh an ton thc phm v cng ng x hi. Ci thin c hi xut khu v thm nhp th trng quc t yu cu chng ch nh l mt iu kin bt buc. Gim thiu cc yu cu vi vic thanh kim tra ca cc n v qun l nh nc. V mt kinh t:

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Gim thiu chi ph gn lin vi cc ri ro v vic thu hi sn phm v bi thng thit hi cho ngi tiu dng. Gim thiu chi ph ti ch v sn phm hy nh c ch ngn nga pht hin cc nguy c v an ton thc phm t sm. V mt qun l ri ro: Thc hin tt vic phng cc ri ro v hn ch thit hi do ri ro gy ra. iu kin gim chi ph bo him. D dng hn trong lm vic vi bo him v tn tht v bi thng. To c s cho hot ng chng nhn, cng nhn v tha nhn: c s m bo ca bn th ba. Vt qua ro cn k thut trong thng mi. C hi cho qung co, qung b. Vic p dng h thng HACCP cho nhiu li ch trng thy, tuy nhin hin nay nc ta vn cha c nhiu doanh nghip t c chng ch HACCP. Nguyn nhn c nhiu c v ch quan ln khch quan. Tiu chun HACCP do CODEX hng dn mi a vo nc ta v sn xut thc phm ca cc c s trong nc vn cn manh mn, ch yu l th cng v bn th cng th y qu l thch thc i vi cc doanh nghip. Bi l, chng trnh qun l cht lng c coi l tin quyt bt buc phi tun th nh GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices quy phm v sn xut), SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures quy phm v v sinh) cha c ph bin nc ta, cho d y l vic lm ng nhin ca c s ch bin thc phm nc ngoi. S d cc chng trnh qun l cht lng thc phm cha c thc hin tp trung vo nguyn nhn: hiu lc vn bn quy phm php lut cn cha c cc doanh nghip nghim tc thc hin. Mt khc, nhiu doanh nghip ch bin cn cha ch ti lnh vc u t xy dng c s vt cht, ng thi nhn thc ca ban lnh o v v sinh an ton thc phm cn hn ch. Gi t vn cho mt doanh nghip c nhu cu thc hin HACCP hin nay vo khong trn di 5.000USD. l ch tnh chi ph cho dch v t vn. Bi v trong qu trnh thc hin HACCP, p 11

ng c nhu cu kht khe ca vic m bo cht lng v sinh an ton thc phm theo cc tiu chun, tiu ch ca HACCP, doanh nghip s cn phi tn km nhiu hn do phi u t trang thit b, nh xng cho ph hp.

1.7 Cc i u ki n nh gi HACCP
Nhng nm gn y an ton v sinh thc phm trong sn xut / ch bin thu sn c khch hng quan tm, c bit cc doanh nghip xut khu hng i th trng Chu Au, Nht, hay Hn Qucvv Di y chng ti xin gii thiu mt s iu kin v sinh an ton thc phm cho cc doanh nghip / nh my ch bin thu sn cn chun b cho nh gi HACCP/ ISO 22000 hoc nh gi cp code xut hng do NAFIQUAVED nh gi.

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Ni dung chun b 1. Nh xng 1.1. B tr mt bng, trang thit b a. Khng hn ch ti mc thp nht kh nng ly nhim sn phm b. Khng thun li cho vic ch bin v lm v sinh 1.2 Phn xng ch bin v cc khu vc ph tr 1.2.1 Nn: Khu vc sn xut t: a. B thm nc

Thc t

b. Khng nhn, khng phng, khng c dc thch hp. c. Ni tip gip gia tng v nn khng c cong d. Khng bo tr tt Khu vc sn xut kh: a. B thm nc, kh lm v sinh

b. Khng bo tr tt. 1.2.2 Tng: Khu vc sn xut t: a. Khng kn, b thm nc b. Mu ti. c. Kh lm v sinh. d. Mt trn ca vch lng khng c nghing.
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Ni dung chun b e. Khng bo tr tt Khu vc sn xut kh: a. Khng c tng bao ph hp b. Kh lm v sinh c. Khng bo tr tt. 1.2.3 Trn, mi che: a. Kh lm v sinh

Thc t

b. Khng kn c. Mu ti d. Khng bo tr tt 1.2.4 Ca: a. Bng vt liu khng bn, b thm nc b. Khng kn

c. Kh lm v sinh d. G ca s khng c nghing e. Khng bo tr tt 1.2.5 Thng gi v s ngng t hi nc:

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a. C ngng t hi nc trong phn xng (khu vc sn xut t) b. C mi hi, hi nc bo ha, khi trong phn xng. 1.2.6 H thng chiu sng:
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Ni dung chun b a. Thiu sng b. Khng c chp n nhng ni cn thit c. Kh lm v sinh d. Khng bo tr tt 1.2.7 Phng tin ra v kh trng cho cng nhn a. Khng s lng b. Dng vi nc vn hnh bng tay c. Khng c x phng nc d. Dng c lm kh tay khng ph hp e. Khng c phng tin lm sch bi t BHL cng nhn khu vc sn phm c ri ro cao. f. Bn chlorine nhng ng trc khi vo phn xng khng ph hp (khu vc sn xut t) g. V tr lp t khng ph hp h. Khng bo tr tt. 1.2.8 Phng tin v cc cht lm v sinh, kh trng nh xng, trang thit b, dng c ch bin:

Thc t

a. Phng tin lm v sinh khng y , khng chuyn dng, bo qun khng ng cch b. Cht lm v sinh v kh trng khng ph hp c. Vt liu v cu trc khng thch hp 2. Trang thit b, dng c ch bin: 2.1 Cc b mt tip xc trc tip vi sn phm (Tht, dao, thng cha, thau, r, mt
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Ni dung chun b bn, ) (Khu vc sn xut t) a. Vt liu khng ph hp b. Cu trc, cc mi ni, b mt khng nhn, khng kn, kh lm v sinh. c. Khng bo tr tt 2.2 Cc b mt tip xc trc tip vi sn phm (Khu vc sn xut kh) 2.2.1 Thit b, dng c: a. Cu trc v vt liu khng ph hp b. Cc mi ni, b mt khng nhn, kh lm v sinh c. Khng bo tr tt 2.2.2 Gin phi: a. Cu trc v vt liu gin phi khng ph hp b. Gin phi t cch mt t khng ph hp 2.3 Cc b mt khng tip xc trc tip vi sn phm (chn bn, gi , b my, )

Thc t

11

12

a. Cu trc v vt liu khng ph hp, kh lm v sinh b. Khng bo tr tt c*. Bng vt liu khng bn, b thm nc 3. X l cht thi: 3.1 Ph liu (cht thi rn) 3.1.1 Dng c thu gom ph liu trong phn xng a. Vt liu v cu trc khng thch hp, kh lm v sinh b. Khng chuyn dng cho ph liu d gy nhm ln vi dng c cha sn phm
16

13

TT

Ni dung chun b 3.1.2 Phng tin chuyn ph liu ra ngoi phn xng a. Khng kn nc, khng c np b. Khng chuyn dng cho ph liu, d gy nhm ln vi dng c cha sn phm c. Cu trc khng thch hp, kh lm v sinh 3.1.3 Thng, nh cha ph liu ngoi phn xng a. Khng kn, vt liu khng thch hp, kh lm v sinh b. Khng chuyn dng 3.2 H thng thot nc thi a. Khng c kh nng thot nc b. Khng c h ga hoc h ga khng ng cch c. Thm, khng nhn, khng phng d. H thng thot nc trong khu ch bin ni thng vi h thng thot nc khu v sinh e, Khng bo tr tt 4. H thng cp nc, hi nc, nc v kh nn: 4.1 Nc dng trong ch bin: a. Khng c hoc khng cp nht s h thng cp nc b. Khng an ton v sinh c. Khng c bin php, phng tin chng chy ngc h thng ng ng d. Khng s dng 4.2 Kim sot cht lng nc: a. Khng c k hoch hoc thc hin khng ng k hoch

Thc t

14

15

17

TT

Ni dung chun b b. Thc hin khng ng cch 4.3 Hi nc: a. Khng m bo an ton v sinh b. H thng cung cp hi nc khng c lm bng vt liu thch hp 4.4 Nc :

Thc t

16

a. Ngun nc khng an ton v sinh b. Sn xut, bo qun, vn chuyn khng hp v sinh c. Kim sot cht lng nc khng ph hp 4.5 Kh nn:

17

a. H thng cung cp kh khng ph hp b. Khng bo tr tt 5. Ngn chn v tiu dit ng vt gy hi: 5.1 Ngn chn: a. C ni n nu ca ng vt gy hi trong phn xng b. C ni n nu ca ng vt gy hi ngoi phn xng c. Khng c bin php ngn chn ng vt gy hi 5.2 Tiu dit: a. Khng c k hoch hoc k hoch khng ph hp b. Thc hin khng hiu qu 6. V sinh cng nhn: 6.1 Khu vc v sinh cng nhn
18

18

19

TT

Ni dung chun b a. Khng s lng b. Trang thit b v b tr khng thch hp (b tr cc phng, thit b, x nc, giy v sinh, ) c. V tr khu vc v sinh khng thch hp d. Khng bo tr tt 6.2 Trang b bo h lao ng a. Khng s lng hoc chng loi b. T chc git BHL khng ph hp c. Bo h lao ng rch, bn 6.3 Phng thay BHL a. Khng c phng thay BHL b. Khng phn bit phng thay BHL cho cng nhn lm vic ti cc khu vc c ri ro khc nhau. c. B tr, v tr khng thch hp d. Khng bo tr tt 8. Kho bo qun v phng tin vn chuyn: 8.1 Kho lnh: a. Khng duy tr nhit thch hp b. Khng c nhit k c. Khng c biu nhit hoc theo di khng ng cch d. u cm nhit t sai v tr

Thc t

20

21

19

TT

Ni dung chun b e. Phng php bo qun v ch v sinh khng ph hp 8.2 Kho bo qun thnh phm kh: Phng php bo qun v ch v sinh khng ph hp 8.3 Phng tin vn chuyn khng m bo v sinh

Thc t

22

9. Ngun in d phng: khng c hoc c nhng khng m bo 10. Bao gi, ghi nhn sn phm 10.1 Bao gi a. Khng c khu vc bao gi ring cho hng n lin b. Vt liu bao gi khng ph hp 10.2 Ghi nhn khng y thng tin 11. Bo qun, vn chuyn bao b

23

24

a. Khng c kho ring cha bao b b. Phng php bo qun, vn chuyn khng ph hp 12. Ha cht, ph gia 12.1 Ho cht, ph gia dng cho ch bin: a. Khng c php hoc vt qu gii hn cho php, hoc khng r ngun gc

25

b. S dng, bo qun khng ng cch 12. Ho cht ty ra, kh trng v dit ng vt gy hi a. Khng c php hoc khng r ngun gc b. S dng, bo qun khng ng cch
20

TT 26

Ni dung chun b 14. Mi trng xung quanh a. Mi trng bn ngoi nh hng vo nh my b. Mi trng xung quanh nh my nh hng vo phn xng ch bin 15. H thng cung cp nguyn liu: 15.1 H s cung cp nguyn liu: a. Khng c h s kim sot iu kin ATVS cc n v cung cp NL b. Khng y v khng tin cy 15.2 Trang b bc d, bo qun, vn chuyn khng hp v sinh 16. C cu t chc v cc iu kin m bo ca h thng qun l cht lng 16.1 C cu t chc a. Khng c lc lng nng lc v chuyn trch b. Khng c giao thm quyn 16.2 Cc iu kin m bo: a. Khng cn c php l trin khai h thng QLCL b. Khng c trang thit b cn thit thc hin QLCL y v ph hp c. Cn b QLCL khng c cp nht thng xuyn kin thc v QLCL 16.3 Xy dng chng trnh qun l cht lng:

Thc t

27

28

29

a. Khng c b. Khng y c. Khng ph hp vi quy nh v thc t

21

TT

Ni dung chun b 16.4 Thc hin chng trnh GMP, SSOP v k hoch HACCP a. B tr iu hnh sn xut to nguy c ly nhim vo sn phm b. Khng c kim sot hoc kim sot khng ng cch cc thng s k thut c quy nh trong GMP c. Thao tc ca cng nhn c th dn n mt an ton v sinh cho sn phm

Thc t

30

d. V sinh nh xng trang thit b khng ng cch e. Khng duy tr c iu kin v sinh chung f. Thc hin v sinh ca c nhn khng ng cch g. Khng kim sot sc kho cng nhn hoc kim sot khng ng nhit h. Khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng cch vic gim st ti im kim sot ti hn i. Khng thc hin y v kp thi hnh ng sa cha khi thng s gim st b vi phm 16.5 Hot ng thm tra: a. Khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng cch vic thm tra h s gim st b. Khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng y k hoch ly mu thm tra

31

c. Hiu chnh thit b gim st; c.1 Khng thc hin c.2 Thc hin khng ng cch d. Khng thc hin theo k hoch thm tra v iu chnh chng trnh khi cn thit 16.6 H s a. Khng thit lp h s b. Khng y
22

32

TT

Ni dung chun b c. Khng tin cy d. Kh truy cp e. Thi gian lu tr khng theo ng quy nh

Thc t

23

2 CH NG 2: P D NG QU N L HACCP T I ACECOOK VI T NAM

2.1 Gi i thi u Cng ty ACECOOK Vi t Nam
Tn cng ty : Cng ty C phn ACECOOK VIT NAM Vit tt: ACECOOK JSC, Co Thnh lp: nm 1993 a ch: l II-3 KCN Tn Bnh, P.Ty Thnh, Q.Tn Ph, Tp.HCM Vn u t: Nht Bn v Vit Nam Tng s lao ng: hn 5.000 lao ng Ngnh ngh kinh doanh: sn xut kinh doanh M, ph v cc sn phm n lin 2.1.1 S m nh "Biu tng ca cht lng" l tn ch m cng ty t ra ngay t ban u v kin nh trong sut qu trnh pht trin. Cc sn phm ca Acecook Vit Nam lun c thm nh k v cht lng ngon, v sinh, dinh dng cao, phc v nhng nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng, tha mn mi nhu cu kht khe v m thc. Cc nh my sn xut ca Acecook Vit Nam u c trang b hin i m bo sn xut sn phm t tiu chun quc t. Hng n tng lai, nn cng ngh t ng pht trin ca Nht Bn s c chuyn giao, ng dng sang Acecook Vit Nam gp phn y mnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha ngnh sn xut thc phm Vit Nam. 2.1.2 T m nhn Hng n tng lai, nn cng ngh t ng pht trin ca Nht Bn s c chuyn giao, ng dng sang Acecook Vit Nam gp phn y mnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha ngnh sn xut thc phm Vit Nam. 24

2.1.3 Thnh tch t c a. 12 nm lin t danh hiu hng vit Nam cht lng cao do ngi tiu dng bnh chn. b. t nhiu gii thng do y Ban nhn dn TP.HCM v S cng Cng nghip trao tng. c. thnh vin ca Hip hi m n lin th gii nm 2007. d. t nhiu chng ch v an ton thc phm v h thng qun l cht lng ISO 9001:2008, HACCP, IFS, h thng qun l mi trng ISO 14001. e. Tng trng vt bc v Sn lng: - 2004: hn 40 triu thung - 2006: hn 70 triu thung - 2011: hn 100 triu thng f. Tng thi phn trong nc v th phn nc ngoi

2.2 Trnh t ti n hnh HACCP.

2.2.1 Thnh l p i HACCP Vic nghin cu HACCP i hi phi thu thp, x l v nh gi cc s liu chuyn mn. Do , cc phn tch phi c tin hnh bi nhm cn b thuc cc chuyn ngnh khc nhau nhm ci thin cht lng cc phn tch v cht lng cc quyt nh s c a ra. Cng ty tuyn chn i ng nhn vin trong i HACCP bao gm nhiu nhn vin trong thuc cc phng ban khc nhau trong cng ty ng thi thu cng ty T Vn o to ci tin KAIZEN tham gia vo qu trnh xy dng k hoch HACCP, xy dng h thng ti liu p dng, thm tra thm nh quy trnh. i ng HACCP ti Cng ty c phn ACECOOK Vit Nam: 1 i trng 2 i ph 15 thnh vin. Tt c cc thnh vin kim sot cht lng trong cng ty u l nhng c nhn , thc s tt nghip ng chuyn mn kim sat cht lng ca sn phm trong tt c cc khu t nhp nguyn liu n bo qun v u c o to trang b kin thc v HACCP

25

2.2.2 Phn tch hi n tr ng

1. Phn tch trong cc khu ca quy trnh sn xut tm ra cc mi nguy lm mt an ton cho sn phm c th xy ra gi l (im kim sot ti hn- ccp), ri p dng cc bin php qun l, gim st v x l thng xuyn khng mi nguy (bao gm cc mi nguy v vi sinh, v ho hc, v vt l) xy ra nh hng n s mt an ton ca thc phm. 2. u t nng cp nh xng t cc yu cu : thong mt, v sinh khng nhim, d v thun li cho sn xut ng thi cng d cho thc hin ch lm v sinh, chng s xm nhp ca cn trng, chng ly nhim cho. 3. Duy tr khm sc kho cho cng nhn hng nm, b tr lao ng hp l, trang b y bo h lao ng chng ly nhim t ngi cng nhn vo sn phm (t qun o, bnh tt ca cng nhn). 4. Xy dng v thc hin nghim tc ch v sinh nh xng, v sinh my mc, thit b, dng c nh k v thng xuyn thc phm khng b ly nhim qua dng c, thit b khng sch. 5. Duy tr ch lu mu sn phm v h s sn phm n 2 nm khi c khiu ni ca khch hng (khch hng ch cn cho cng ty bit sn phm sn xut ngy no) th cng ty c mu phn tch ngay v thng bo kt qu phn tch cho ngi tiu dng. 6. Duy tr kim tra sn phm v cc ch tiu vi sinh, ho hc, kim loi nng ti cc c s kim nghim ca nh nc nh gi sn phm ca cng ty xem cc bin php ca h thng qun l An ton v sinh thc phm t yu cu hay cha p dng cc bin php b sung...
2.2.3 M t s n ph m

M t Sn phm m tht bm:

26

Tn sn phm: M tht bm Ch tiu Quy cch k thut Thnh phn Bt m, du shortening, du tinh luyn, tinh bt khoai m, mui, ng, bt ngt, gia v, cht chng oxy ha, mu tng hp. Vng khai thc nguyn liu chnh (bt m) l cc nc c, M, Canada, n , Trung Quc Ch tiu cm quan Cc nguyn liu cn li xut x Vit Nam Mu sc ng nht, c trng cho sn phm, khng b chy Mi v: Mi v c trng tht bm, khng c v l, khng chy, kht, cht Trng thi: dng khi hoc hnh dng xc nh, ng u, ph hp vi tng loi Ch tiu ha l bao b, khng vn nt, khng c vt l, si m khng b t nt. m ca vt m, % khi lng 2.0 max Hm lng cht bo ca vt m, % kh lng 10.0 max Hm lng carbonhydrat (g/gi) 30 ~40g Hm lng protein (g/gi) 8~10 Ch tiu c t, vi nm, Ch tiu kim loi nng Ch tiu vi sinh Hm lng NaCl, % khi lng ca vt m 2.0 max Aftopxin B1 g/kg max 1.0 Aftopxin B2 g/kg max 10.0 Cadimi (Ca): mg/kg 0.2 Arsen (As): mg/kg 0.1 Ch (Pb): mg/kg 0.1 Coliform : gii hn cho php 3 trong 1g E.coli: gii hn cho php 2 trong 1g Aureus: gii hn cho php 3g Gii hn thuc tr su, bo v thc vt Cch s dng sn phm i tng s dng sn phm
27

S Samonella: khng c c Tun th theo quy nh ti a nhim sinh hc, ha hc trong thc phm Cho vt m vo t, gi sp, bt nm, cho 400ml nc si vo, y np, sau 3 pht trn u, dng ngay. Dng cho tt c mi ngi (tr nhng ngi o Hi)

Bao b, ng gi Ni tiu th Thi gian lu tr Thng tin ghi trn nhn Ngn ng trn bao b Nc sn xut Thnh phn dinh dng Phng php ch bin iu kin vn chuyn, bo qun

OPP, gi m c hn kn ming, khng x, khng lch nhn Th trng trong nc v xut khu 6 thng k t ngy sn xut ghi trn bao b Trng lng, thnh phn, ngy sn xut, ngy ht hn, ni sn xut Ting Vit, ting Hoa, Ting Anh Vit Nam Gi tr dinh dng, cht bo, m, canxi, cht x, carbonhydrat, Vitamin Phng php x l nhit Vn chuyn trn cc phng tin chuyn ch thc phm, che y cn thn, bc vc nh nhng, khng qung nm.c bo qun trong kho sch, kh ro, c bin php chng mi mt, cn trng.

28

2.2.4 L u ch Tip n s n ph m m n li n bi nhn

(1) Bt Ph gia I

Ph gia II

Shorternin g Bn thnh phm Kim tra

Kim tra (1) Kim tra (1) Trn bt (2) Cn to si

Lu

Kim tra (1)

Kim tra (1)

(1)

(3) Lu kho

Phun nc trc hp (4)

Tip nhn (2) Phi trn

Tip nhn Tip nhn (2) Phi trn (3) (2)

Tip nhn (2) X l

Hp (5) Phun dch

(3)

(3) nh lng (6) Ct nh lng (7) Thi nn (8) Chin (9) Lm ngui (10) Kim tra vt m (11) (13) ng gi (12) Lu kho Kim tra gi m (14) M thi ra Ph phm N c nh lng

D kim loi, cn trng lng (13)

ng thng (15)

X l

HNH 2.1: Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut M n lin_sn phm M nht Tht bm 29

Lu kho

Lu kho

Lu kho

kho

2.2.5 M t qu trnh: l u ch bi n m gi LU CNG ON THNG S KIM SOT QU TRNH

TI LIU THAM KHO

- m A Kim tra bt m (1) - tro - Hm lng gluten t - Mu sc, trng thi, mu sc, B Tip nhn nguyn liu (1) - Bt m mi v - Mu sc: trng ng - Trng thi: mn, khng vn cc - Khng nm mc, d vt, cn trng - Loi bt s dng - Khi lng Trn bt (2) - Thi gian trn, tc ci trn - S l bt, hn s dng - Th tch nc Cn - to si (3) - Th tch kansui - Loi trc lc - S si trn hng - dy si - Tc cn - Da trn cng thc pha trn, nh lng bt bng cn ng h, kim tra cm quan bt. bt vo ci trn, nh lng nc v kansui, sau tin hnh trn bt theo qui nh - Bt t ci trn x xung mm bt, qua h thng cc cp l cn th, l cn tinh, trc lc ct si c dy theo qui nh - Nhn bt t kho, kim tra cm quan bt - TCVN 4359 1996 - Cm quan

TL-SX-HDTB

TL-SX-HDTB

TL-SX-HDCS

30

Phun nc trc hp (4)

- p lc nc phun trc hp - T l nc phun vo m

-Sau khi ra khi trc lc v trc khi vo t hp phi c phun nc gip cho qu trnh h ha bn trong t hp d dng hn ng thi ci thin cht lng si.

TL-SX-HDCS

- Thi gian hp - Ap sut hp Hp (5) - Nhit hp - p lc nc phun trong hp (i vi line V) - ng ca thot hi gin hp - Lng dch phun ngm trong Phun dch (6) vt m - Nng dch phun ( brix) - M sau khi ra khi t hp s c phun dch ln tng si m to gia v cho m -M qua h thng cc li trung chuyn, i vo - Khi lng m t Ct nh lng (7) Thi nn (8) Chin (9) - Tc dao ct dao, tht rt xung phu, b vo khun chin, qua h thng nn thi ti m, to hnh dng cho vt m - Nn c tc dng lm ti vt m, thi lng dch phun cn d, n nh hnh dng vt m - M trong khun chin i vo cho chin, du c gia nhit, ly ht nc trong vt m, lm chn hon ton si m, to mu sc, mi v c trng cho vt m. 31 - Si m c h ha v lm chn bn trong t hp

TL-SX-HDHS

TL-SX-HDTD

TL-SXHDC BM-07-KTTN TL-SX-HDCC

- p lc nn ti m - Nhit chin - Thi gian chin - Mc du khng du ti bn lun chuyn

- Ch s Axit, peroxit ca du chin - Trng thi, mu sc vt m - Trng lng m sau chin ( Theo tiu chun cht lng ca tng sn phm ) Lm ngui (10) - M sau khi ra khi cho chin s i vo h - Trng thi vt m - Khi lng vt m - Tp cht c trong vt m - Hnh dng vt m - Trng lng vt m - Nhit bn p ngang, bn p ng gi (12) dc -Tc dao - Tnh hnh hot ng ca my D kim loi, cn trng lng (13) Kim tra gi m (14) d kim loi - Kim loi c trong sn phm -Trng lng vt m - Ap lc nn thi - Hn s dng, h m ghp , trng thi, hnh dng bn ngoi - Gi m s i qua h thng my d kim loi v my cn trng lng kim tra d vt kim loi trong vt m v cn li trng lng mt ln na - Kim tra li bn ngoi gi m , cht lng gi m ln cui cng trc khi ng thng 32 thng t lm mt lm gim nhit ca vt m ri i vo phng ng gi. - M sau khi c lm ngui, i qua bng ti chia m, cng nhn kim, CN sa m s kim tra ton din vt m loi ra vt m khng t v mt cht lng ( m sng, m chy, thiu khi lng, m b, m dnh tp cht) - Sau khi c cp liu y vt m s i qua my ng gi v c ng bao b to thnh mt gi m hon chnh

TL-SX-HDLN

Kim tra vt m (11)

TL-SX-HDLN

TL-SXHDG

TL-SXHDVH

TL-SX-HDBT

- dnh ca bng keo dn ng thng (15) thng - s lng gi m/ thng - S lng thng m trn pallet - Hn s dng - m Kim tra NVL trn kansui (1) Tip nhn nguyn vt liu trn kansui : STPP, NaCl C Na2CO3, K2CO3,Tartrazine, Carry powder (2) -K hiu tng m cho tng loi Phi trn (3) sn phm - K hiu bn trn - Mu sc, Brix, pH ca dch sau trn theo tng sn phm - Tp cht - Trng thi, mu sc - Thnh phn, khi lng ca tng loi kansui - Mu sc, trng thi c trng cho tng loi nguyn vt liu - Trng thi bao b, k hiu m trn

- Cc gi m t c ng thng v i qua my dn thng, dn bng keo 2 mt trn v di sau thng m c in hn s dng, xp ln pallet lu kho

TL-SX-HDDT

- Cm quan - Cm quan, cn ng h

- Nhn cc nguyn liu cn sn theo m t kho nguyn liu, kim tra s lng, cht lng bng cm quan, k hiu m cho tng loi sn phm

TL-SX-HDTD

- Da vo cng thc pha trn, tin hnh nhp nguyn liu theo m t kho. Kim tra k hiu, thnh phn ca tng m ng vi mi loi sn phm - Pha dch trn theo yu cu ca tng loi sn phm 33

TL-SX-HDTD

- m Kim tra NVL trn dch phun (1) - Tp cht - Trng thi, mu sc - Thnh phn, khi lng ca tng loi dch phun - Mu sc, trng thi c trng cho tng loi nguyn vt liu - Trng thi bao b, k hiu m trn - Cm quan - Cm quan, cn ng h

Tip nhn NVL trn dch phun :ng, D bt ngt, mui, nc mm, I & G (2)

- Nhn cc nguyn liu cn sn theo m t kho nguyn liu, kim tra s lng, cht lng bng cm quan, k hiu m cho tng loi sn phm

TL-SX-HDTD

-K hiu tng m cho tng loi Phi trn (3) sn phm - K hiu bn trn - Mu sc, Brix ca dch sau trn E Kim tra shorterning (1) - Nh Cung Cp - Nhit d nng chy - Mu sc, trng thi - Ch s axit - Ch s peroxit - Mu vng c trng, khng c tp cht

- Da vo cng thc pha trn, tin hnh nhp nguyn liu theo m t kho. Kim tra k hiu, thnh phn ca tng m ng vi mi loi sn phm - Pha dch trn theo yu cu ca tng loi sn phm

TL-SX-HDTD

- Sau khi ly mu, tin hnh kim tra da theo tiu chun nguyn vt liu shorttening

Tip nhn (2)

-Nhn du short t xe bn v bm vo bn cha TL-SX-HDDS du, sau khi kim tra cm quan du t yu cu 34

th cho tin hnh x xung cho chin - Bao b: Cu trc, dy, kch Kim tra bn thnh F phm (1) thc, mu sc - Thng carton: p lc nn thng, ht nc ca giy mt, mu sc, kch thc - Soup, du, rau, ekitai -Mu sc, qui cch c trng cho -Kim tra hn s dng trn tem , nhn ca gi gia vi - Loi bn thnh phm - Hn s dng X l (3) - Ngy ng gi, nh cung cp - Trng thi bao PE cha liu - Mu sc bao b, date gi, nh cung cp, mu sc, mi, v, khi lng - Nhn nguyn vt liu t kho , kim tra s lng v cm quan bn ngoi gi liu - Kim tra chng loi v hn s dng - Gi bn thnh phm, bao b c x l ti nh cung cp, cha trong 2 bao PE sch c tho b cc bao PE bn ngoi trong iu kin mi trng khp kn, m bo cc gi BTP khng ti nhim VSV trc khi chuyn vo khu vc ng gi m - o dy, o kch thc, cm quan - Dng my o p lc nn, TCVN 3650 81, cm quan.

Tip nhn bn thnh carton, gi gia v (2)

phm : bao b , thng tng loi sn phm

TL-SX-HDXL

TL-SX-HDXL

2.2.6 Phn tch m i nguy

STT 1

Cng on TIP NHN

Mi nguy SINH HC VSV gy

Nguyn nhn

Bin php kim sot - Ch nhn kim tra l

CCP/C P

L do Quyt nh - Cng on chin s

- C trong nguyn

hng khi c kt qu

CP

tiu dit VSV gy

35

NGUYN bnh hin LIU - Bt m hu

liu

mu gi t t phng K Thut Cng ty - Kim tra bt m nh k 6 thng/ln CCP1

bnh.

- Aflatoxin khng phn hu trong qu trnh ch bin

HA HC c t Aflatoxin t nm mc

- C trong nguyn liu.

- Cam kt nh cung cp - Ch nhn kim tra l hng khi c kt qu mu gi t t phng K Thut Cng ty - Kim tra nh k bt m bn ngoi 6 thng/ln - Kim tra cm quan trn tng l hng khi

- C trong nguyn VT L liu. Pht sinh D vt, mt trong qu trnh

nhp vo v s dng

CP

lu kho ti ni sn - Kim tra cm quan

36

xut.

trn tng l hng - Bo kt qu v cng ty nh gi nh cung cp.

CHT LNG - Gi gia v SINH HC VSV gy bnh Khng - C trong gi nguyn liu

- Thnh phm qua my d kim loi cng on sau CP

- Thng bo cng ty kt qu kim tra vi sinh kim sot v nh gi n v gia cng 2 - Gi gia v - Mui ng, bt
37

SINH HC VSV gy bnh

ngt

HO HC Oxy ho du

- Pht sinh qua qu trnh lu kho

- Kim tra hn s dng sn phm - Kim tra cm quan tng l hng gia v (so snh vi mu chun)

CP

- C trong gi gia VT L D vt, cn trng v, pht sinh trong qu trnh lu kho - GMP1 - Kim tra cm quan - Nu c d vt th bo kt qu v cng ty nh gi nh cung cp. - Qua my d kim loi cng on sau
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CP

CHT LNG Khng SINH HC VSV gy bnh - C trong nguyn liu. Pht sinh trong qu trnh lu kho - Cng on sau tiu dit VSV gy bnh - Kim tra mu nguyn liu nh k 6 thng/ln HA HC Khng. CP VT L - C trong nguyn liu D vt, cn trng - Kim sot nh cung cp - Kim tra xc sut tng l hng - Qua my d kim loi cng on sau * Kim sot giai on ny khng cn thit do c cng on lc CP * Kim sot giai on ny khng cn thit do c cng on chin sau

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- Du g

SINH HC - Kim tra ch s AV, - Tng AV, PoV trong qu trnh lu kho ti ni sn xut PoV, nhit nng chy tng l hng. - Kim sot qu trnh lu kho - Kim tra cm quan VT L D vt, tp cht - C trong nguyn liu tng l hng - C s c bo v Cng ty - Qua my d kim loi cng on sau - Cng on sau s tiu dit VSV gy bnh. HA HC Oxy ho du

Shorternin Khng

TRN BT

SINH HC VSV gy bnh HO HC Khng VT L D vt, cn

- Nhim VSV t con ngi, trang thit b.

- Xm nhp t bn ngoi vo.

- Kim sot cn trng, d vt trong sn xut

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trng - TL SX KHVS - TL SX HDVS - TL QC QTCT CHT LNG 5 CN TO SI Khng SINH HC VSV gy bnh HO HC Khng VT L D vt, cn trng CHT LNG Khng
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- TL QC HDKT

- Nhim VSV gy bnh t con ngi, trang thit b Cng on sau s tiu dit VSV gy bnh

- C cng on chin sau

Xm nhp t bn ngoi vo.

TL-SX-KHVS, TLSX-HDVS TLQCQTCT, TL QCHDKT

HP

SINH HC VSV gy bnh HO HC Khng VT L D vt, cn trng CHT LNG Khng SINH HC VSV gy bnh sng st. HO HC Khng

- Nhim VSV gy bnh t con ngi, trang thit b. Cng on sau s tiu dit VSV gy bnh cn sng st.

C cng on chin sau

- Xm nhp t bn ngoi

TL-SX-KHVS, TLSX-HDVS TLQCQTCT, TL QCHDKT

Phun dch

- Nhim do trang thit b, con ngi, ngun nc.

- Cng on sau s tiu dit VSV gy bnh

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VT L D vt, cn trng CHT LNG 8 Ct on Khng SINH HC VSV gy bnh

- Xm nhp t bn ngoi

TL-SX-KHVS, TLSX-HDVS TLQCQTCT, TL QCHDKT

- Nhim t con ngi, trang thit b

- Cng on sau s tiu dit VSV gy bnh.

HO HC Khng - Xm nhp t VT L D vt, cn bn ngoi vo TL-SX-KHVS, TLSX-HDVS TLQCQTCT, TL QCHDKT

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Chin

SINH HC VSV gy bnh sng st

- Nhim VSV t con ngi, trang thit b cc cng on trc

- Kim tra nhit chin, thi gian chin - Gi mu nh k 12 thng/ln

- Tiu dit ht tt c cc VSV gy bnh cn sng st

HO HC Oxy ho du chin - Thi gian chin du qu lu Kim tra ch s AV, PoV tng ca - Gi mu nh k 12 thng/ln VT L - D vt, cn trng - Cn en - Pht sinh t si m chy c th lm nhim bn 10 Lm ngui SINH HC VSV gy bnh ti nhim sn phm. - Khng kh thi c th lm nhim sn phm - Xm nhp t bn ngoi TL-SX-KHVS, TLSX-HDVS TLQCQTCT, TL QCHDKT C giai on kim tra tip theo - S dng li lc kh TL-SX-KHVS, TLSX-HDVS

- S i ho du chin lm nh hng n ngi tiu dng

Giai on sau khng loi tr c

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HO HC Khng VT L 11 Kim tra vt m SINH HC VSV gy bnh ti nhim HO HC Khng VT L - Cn trng, d vt, cn en - Xm nhp t bn ngoi - Cn st li giai on trc CHT LNG Khng
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- Xm nhp t bn ngoi Nhim t con ngi, trang thit b

TL-SX-KHVS, TLSX-HDVS - Gi mu kim tra nh k - TL-SX-KHVS, TLSX-HDVS

TL-SX-HDVS, TL-SX-KHVS TLQCQTCT, TLQCHDKT

12

X l

SINH HC VSV gy bnh ti nhim HO HC Oxy ho du btp VT L Cn trng, d vt - Pht sinh trong qu trnh lu kho - Pht sinh trong qu trnh lu kho. - Trong qu trnh lu kho

X l bng cch loi b hai lp bao nylon cha liu trc khi a vo phng ng gi - TL-SX-QTXL - Kim tra hn s dng

- Trnh ti nhim ln vt m

TL-SX-HDVS, TLSX-KHVS - TLQCQTCT, TLQCHDKT - Gi mu kim tra

13

ng gi

SINH HC VSV gy bnh ti nhim HO HC Khng VT L - Xm nhp t - Nhim VSV t con ngi, trang thit b

nh k 6 thng/ln - TL-SX-KHVS

- Qua my d kim loi TL-SX-HDVS, TL- Loi b d vt kim

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- Cn trng, d vt. - D vt kim loi CHT LNG 14 Kim tra gi m Khng SINH HC VSV ti nhim HO HC Khng VT L Khng CHT LNG 15 Lu kho Khng SINH HC VSV gy bnh ti

bn ngoi - Cn st li giai on trc

SX-KHVS TLQCQTCT, TL QCHDKT TL-SX-HDVH

loi ra khi thnh phm

- Ngn chn VSV ti - H m ghp bao b - TL-SX-HDBT nhim sau ng gi

TL-SX-KHVS, TL- Nhim VSV do trong qu trnh

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SX-HDVS

nhim

lu kho.

HO HC Khng TL-SX-HDVS, TLVT L D vt, cn trng CHT LNG Khng - Xm nhp t ngoi SX-KHVS TLQCQTCT, TL QCHDKT TL-KH-QVS

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2.2.7 K ho ch th m tra

Thm tra ci g

Thm tra nh th no

Tn sut

Ai thm tra

H s

XC NHN GI TR S DNG 1. K hoch HACCP Cc ch tiu vi sinh ha ly, hm lng thnh phn dinh dng -i chiu vi Q 867/1998/BYT -i chiu vi Q 3742/2001/BYT -i chiu cng b cht lng ca cng ty 2. Thm tra k hoch HACCP Cc ch tiu vi sinh ha ly, hm lng thnh phn dinh dng -Xem xt h s gim st -Xem xt h s hnh ng sa cha -Xem xt h s hiu chun cn -Ly mu th nghim 3. Cc bin php kim sot trong GMP Qu trnh sn xut Xem xt h s -Thi gian:60 pht gim st -Xem xt h s hnh ng sa cha -Hng thng 6 thng/ln - i trng HACCP -Trng phng k thut Hng nm Trng phng k thut -Bin bn thm tra -Cc Q lin quan - Bn sao cc ti liu tham kho -Cc h s gim st ,hnh ng sa cha,hiu chun cn c k xc nhn thm tra -Phiu kt qu kim tra

-Hng qu -i - 1nm/ln trng HACCP -Trng phng k thut

-Cc h s gim st,hnh ng sa cha sau khi c ph duyt sau thm tra

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3 CH NG 3: NH GI VI C P D NG H TH NG HACCP V XU T
3.1 Nh ng thnh t u t c
Vic p dng h thng HACCP mang li nhiu kt qu tt p cho cng ty:

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Tng th phn trong nc: do p ng yu cu nghim ngt v vn an ton v sinh thc phm do doanh s cng ty lin tc tng mnh trong nhng nm gn y (biu tng trng s liu tnh n nm 2009), l mt trong nhng cng ty hng u Vit Nam trong lnh vc thc phm n lin c bit l sn phm m gi.

Tng th phn nc ngoi: hin ti cng ty xm nhp th trng hn 40 quc gia, chinh phc cc th trng kh tnh trn th gii nh EU, My , Canada, Trung Quc ...

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3.2 Nh ng kh khn khi p d ng h th ng HACCP:

Bn cnh nhng thnh tu t c khi p dng h thng HACCP trong sn xut th tn ti mt s kh khn gp phi khi p dng h thng nh sau: Do tun thu nghim ngt cac yu cu cua h thng quan ly HACCP, ACECOOK a tn nhiu chi phi u t ban u nh : Chi phi phn tich mu (vi sinh, hoa ly, mu nc ). Chi phi trang bi thm cho dy chuyn san xut Chi phi cai tao lai nha xng (cai tao lai tng, sn nn bng Epoxy), lp t h thng mn chn cn trng, airshower, ... Trang bi cac thit bi trn dy chuyn san xut (may do kim loai, may cn trong lng t ng, ). Cac hoa cht s dung trong dy chuyn san xut phai am bao theo chun quy inh... Chi ph Hnh chnh cho vic nh gi li h thng t cc chuyn gia v t chc nc ngoi theo yu cu ca khch hng.

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Do tnh cht phc tp ca vic p dng h thng HACCP nn li v con ngi l mt iu khng trnh khi trong qu trnh thc hin c bit l i vi cc cng nhn ph thng. Hin ti c mt chi nhnh sn xut thuc nh my do sang nhng li mt n v sn xut trc y do vy nh xng vn cha thc s tt p dng HACCP mt cch trit .

3.3 xu t
So vi chi ph u t cho h thng th li ch mang lai t vic p dng HACCP khng h nh, cng ty c nhiu siu th thuc khi EU t hng gp phn m rng th trng tng doanh s. Do cng ty nn p dng HACCP cho cc sn phm cha p dng nh cho, bt nm. Tng bc ci to li iu kin nh xng cc nh my cho c s h tng c k vic p dng HACCP c tt hn. Nn tng cng o to v gim st nhn vin trong qu trnh sn xut hn ch n mc thp nht cc s c v cht lng sn phm. Lng ha hn na cc thng s v cc CCP trn lu ch bin sn phm kim sot tt hn.

4 K T LU N
Trong bi cnh hin nay, giao thng quc t v du lch ang pht trin mnh m. iu ny em li nhiu li ch v kinh t cho cc quc gia ng thi cng l c hi bnh tt ly lan d dng hn. V vy m bo an ton thc phm i hi s tham gia ca cc thnh phn trong chui cung cp thc phm. T nng tri - khu khai thc, cc nh ch bin, cc nh cung cp ph liu nh dch v nh bao b, ph gia, ha cht, dch v vn chuyn cho ti cc nh cung cp dch v n ung v ngi tiu dng. HACCP c nhiu nc trn th gii quy nh bt buc p dng trong qu trnh sn xut, ch bin thc phm. U ban tiu chun ha thc phm quc t - CODEX- cng khuyn co vic nn p dng HACCP kt hp vi vic duy tr iu kin sn xut - GMP- nng cao hiu qu ca vic m bo cht lng v sinh an ton tc phm. HACCP l cng c c bn trong vic hoch nh to thc phm an ton trong vic p dng ISO 22000 ti cc t chc tham gia chui thc phm. Tt c cc doanh nghip mun thnh cng hay tht bi trn thng trng u cn hai ch uy tn mun c c hai ch ny thc s khng n gin nht l vi cc doanh nghip sn xut kinh doanh v thc phm, ung. hin nay trn tt c cc nc pht trin v ang pht trin u ang p dng HACCP nh mt chin lc kinh doanh. Cht lng sn phm l mt trong nhng yu t quan trng m c nh

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sn xut v ngi tiu dng u quan tm. p dng HACCP l mt s la chn thng minh ca nhng doanh nhn thc s.

TI LIU THAM KHO 1. Gio trnh qun tr cht lng . TS Trnh Vit Giang. 2. Cc lun vn thc tp v HACCP
3. Trang : www.acecookvietnam.vn 4. Trang: www.tailieu.vn 5. http://www.iso.com.vn/ 6. http://tailieu.vn/ 7. http://vi.wikipedia.org

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