1.Khi nim chung v cu thp, cc s cu thp, khuynh hng pht trin hin nay.

. Tr li: Khi nim chung v cu thp: Cu thp cu to t cc cu kin thp, c thi cng vt nhng nhp ln hoc lm cc cu tm, xy dng nhanh chng, vi kh nng chu lc ln v tnh tin cy cao, trng lng nh nhng, tnh c ng cao v kh nng c gii ha trit . Cc s cu thp: (hnh v t v) Cu dm thp: + Dm gin n +Dm lin tc + Dm mt tha Cu gin thp: (hnh v trang 2-3 Chng 8 sch ca PGS Nguyn Vit Trung) + Gin gin n + Gin lin tc Phn bit cu gin thp theo mt ng xe chy: +Mt ng xe chy trn +mt ng xe chy di Phn loi theo thanh ng +C thanh ng + Khng c thanh ng Khuynh hng pht trin cu thp hin nay: Hai hng pht trin: Gim khi lng thp bn thn cng trnh ti mc ti thiu(ch to kiu cu dm lin hp bn BTCT) Gim khi lng v chi ph ch to, xy dng cu thp Vi kt cu nhp cu thp lin hp bn BTCT, c tip tc pht trin theo 3 xu hng: Tng t l phn kt cu BTCT trong tip din lin hp tit kim thp Hon chnh phn mt cu: s dng mt cu BTCT c b, tui th cao, cht lng tt, bo v c b phn cu thp pha di; trc y s dng dm hoc dn thp vi bn mt thp, nhc im rt ln do hp thu nhit nng nng gy nt lp betong asphalt che ph mt cu pha trn, ngm nc xung kt cu phn di, gy ph hoi g st- kh s dng VN

 Ton b phn bn c lin kt vi dm thp to thnh 1 h lin hp, kt cu nhp tr thnh 1 kt cu khng gian thng nht ton khi cng lm vic Bn BTCT c tc dng lm vic cng dm, iu chnh ng sut, gy ng sut ngc du vi ng sut do ti trng lm tng kh nng chu lc, ng thi nh bn BTCT m gim khi lng thp 1 cch r rt, m bo cc ch tiu kinh t k thut, khc phc c nhc im gy nt mt beton asphalt i vi cc vng kh hu nng nh Vit Nam 2.c im chung ca cu thp, phn tch u nhc im v phm vi p dng. *c im chung: Tnh chu lc cao vi tt c cc loi ng sut: ko , nn un ct. C th dng ch ta tt c cc dng cu khc nhau nh dm, dn, vm, treo v cc h lin hp Thp c bn cao, trng lng bn thn nh nn cu thp c th vt nhng nhp rt ln Thp c cng cao, modun n hi ln, cng ln, m bo n nh di tc dng ca ti trng gi, ti trng c chu k (ti trng lp hay ti trng mi) S ph hoi do- ph hoi km theo bin dng ln- gy phn b li ni lc v ng sut nn cu thp c kh nng chu ti trng xung kch v ng sut tp trung tt *Phn tch u nhc im: a- u im: -C kh nng chu lc ln v tin cy cao. Cu thp c kh nng chu lc ln, tin cy cao do vt liu thp c cng ln,ln nht trong cc vt liu xy dng. tin cy cao l do cu trc thun nht ca vt liu, s lm vic n hi v do ca thp gn st vi l thuyt tnh ton. S lm vic thc t ca cu thp ph hp vi l thuyt tnh ton. -Trng lng nh. Kt cu cu thp nh nht trong s cc loi kt cu cu, nh gi phm cht nh ca vt liu ngi ta thng dng h s c l t s gia trng lng ring v cng chu lc ca n

-Tnh c ng trong vn chuyn, lp rp.Do trng lng nh, vic vn chuyn v lp dng cc cu kin thp d dng v nhanh chng ,c th dng trong cc cng trnh cu tm cng nh cu vnh cu -Tnh cng nghip ha cao.Do s sn xut vt liu hon ton trong nh my, v s ch to cu kin thp c lm ch yu trong cc nh my chuyn ngnh hoc t ra cng dng nhng loi my mc thit b chuyn dng, thch hp nht vi iu kin c gii ha trit -Tnh kn, khng thm nc. Vt liu v lin kt kt cu thp c tnh kn ,khng thm nc, khng thm khong kh, nn thch hp nht cho cc cng trnh b cha cht lng, cht kh. b- Nhc im -Hin tng g do tc ng ca mi trng: g lm n mn kim loi, lm gim tit din chu lc, ph hoi cc lin kt v do lm gim tui th cng trnh -vic sn m chng g c tc dung trng mt thi gian nht inh cng tnh cn thng xuyn kim tra bo qun, co r, sn li -Chi ph duy tu bo dng kh cao so vi cu dng vl khc *Phm vi p dng: -vt liu thp c s dng trong rt nhiu ngnh cng nghip khc v cho nhu cu i sng hng ngy -Vic s dng cn c xem xt cho ph hp vi nhu cu chung: nh tnh thm m, tnh kinh t, tnh kh thi -Hin nay cu thp thng ch dng cho kt cu nhp cc cu ln (do kh nng vt nhp ln >30m), cu ng st (bt buc s dng cu thp do ti trng tc dng l ti trng lp, gy ph hoi mi- thp chu ti trng lp tt) -Dng cho cc loi cu tm, cu qun s, cn tho d nhanh v vn chuyn d dng. 3.Cu to chung 1 kt cu nhp dm thp gin n. Tr li: Cu to chung:

-Gin ch gm cc thanh (cu kin) lin kt thnh gin bt bin, ch chu lc ko

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nn dc trc, khc vi dm c chu mmen un. - kt cu gin thong, d to dng m thut cho cng trnh -Tit kim vt liu thp hn dm c khi phi vt nhp di L>30 m - D tiu chun ha v ch to sn chi tit cu kin trong cng xng - Lp rp ngoi cng trng, i hi nhiu cng on hn cu dm c - i vi cu gin gin n ng xe chy di, phi c h mt cu chu trc tip hot ti, truyn ti trng sang dn ch v xung gi cu.

Ung suat trong thanh dan chu H to hop han

Cc s gin gin n v kch thc c bn -dn gim n c thanh m (bin) thng hoc cong -Cu ng xe chy trn hoc chy di. -Kch thc c bn ca 1 nhp dm thp gin n Chiu di nhp phi hp l v kinh t, khu thot nc v yu cu thng thuyn Chiu cao h ca gin chn theo t l vi chiu di nhp
h 1 1 = l 7 10 h 1 1 + Thanh m cong; = l 5 8

+ thanh m song song:

+ vi cu lin tc v mt tha:

h 1 1 = l 10 12

+ Vi cu nhp di l >40m chiu cao ca dn thng chn h>6m Chiu di khoang dn: d=(0.6 n 0.8)h hoc d=(0.8-1) khi dn c dng tam gic, khng c thanh ng(thanh treo) Gc xin = 40 60 0 so vi phng ngang
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 Khong cch gia 2 tim cc gin ch (b) +Cu oto ng xe chy di, nn b tr hai gin ch vi khong cch ln hn kh ng xe chy t 800mm n 1000mm tnh n phn g chn bnh v b rng thanh gin
Mat duong oto chay duoi

+Cu oto ng xe chy trn c th b tr hai gin ch cch nhau 5000 n 7000mm hoc c 4 gin ch th cch nhau 2500-4000mm

Mat duong xe chay tren

4.Cu to mt ct ngang dm ch. Xc nh cc kch thc ch yu ca dm ch. Trang 16 chng 2 sch ca gio s Nguyn Vit Trung (NVT) 5.Xc nh cc c trng hnh hc ca dm lin hp trong cc giai on chu ti trng chnh. Mc 3.5 chng3- trang 50 (NVT) 6.Vai tr ca h lin kt dc v ngang trong dm cu thp, c im cu to. t23c2 (NVT) 7.Mi ni dm ch, cch to vng bng x l ti mi ni. t20c2(NVT) 8.c im cu to cu dm lin hp. t46c3(NVT) 9.Nguyn l lm vic ca cu dm lin hp. 3.1 trang 45 chng 3- (NVT) 10.Nguyn l lm vic ca bn mt cu ca cu dm lin hp. t45c3(NVT) 11.Cc loi neo trong cu dm lin hp v u nhc im. t46-47-48c3(NVT) 12.Nguyn l chung thit k cu thp tnh ton theo quy trnh 22TCN 272-05. (mc 1.2 trang 1 va 1.3 trang 4 TKMH cu thep F1 b mn cu hm) 13.Trnh t v ni dung xc nh ni lc trong dm ch. T27c2(NVT) 14.Cc ni dung kim ton dm theo TTGH Cng . (Bi 9/58 TKMH cu thep F1 b mn cu hm) 15.Cc ni dung kim ton dm theo TTGH s dng v mi. Bi 10/62 va 11/65 cu thep F1 cu hm 16.Tnh My v Mp ca mt ct dm lin hp. T4c7(NVT)
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17.Tnh ton neo trong dm lin hp. T67c3(NVT) 18.c im chung cu gin thp v cc s cu gin. T4c4(NVT) 19.Cu to gin ch. T12c4(NVT) 20.Cu to nt gin. T16c4(NVT) 21.Cu to h dm mt cu. T19c4(NVT) 22.Cu to cc dng lin kt dm dc vi dm ngang, dm ngang v gin ch. T20c4 va T22c4(NVT) 23.Cu to h lin kt dc, ngang, khung chng hm, cng cu. t23c4(NVT) 24.Xc nh cc kch thc ch yu ca gin ch . t11c5(NVT) 25.Tnh ton h dm mt cu v lin kt dm mt cu. t2c5(NVT) 26.Nguyn l tnh ton, thit k cu gin thp. 27.Xc nh ni lc trong cc b phn kt cu trong cu gin thp v ni dung tnh duyt.