Ph213 Practice Exam Two 1. A meter stick moves in the direction of its length through a laboratory.

According to measurements taken in the laboratory, its length is 0.31 m. The speed of the meter stick relative to the laboratory is: A) 0.096c B) 0.31c C) 0.69c D) 0.83c E) 0.95c 2. A millionairess was told in 1992 that she had exactly 15 years to live. However, if she travels away from the Earth at 0.8 c and then returns at the same speed, the last New Year's day the doctors expect her to celebrate is: A) 2001 B) 2003 C) 2007 D) 2010 E) 2017 3. Two events occur simultaneously at separated points on the y axis of reference frame S. According to an observer moving in the positive x direction: A) the event with the greater y coordinate occurs first B) the event with the greater y coordinate occurs last C) either event might occur first, depending on the observer's speed D) the events are simultaneous E) none of the above 4. A diffraction pattern is produced on a viewing screen by illuminating a long narrow slit with light of wavelength . If the slit width is decreased and no other changes are made: A) the intensity at the center of the pattern decreases and the pattern expands away from the bright center B) the intensity at the center increases and the pattern contracts toward the bright center C) the intensity at the center of the pattern does not change and the pattern expands away from the bright center D) the intensity at the center of the pattern does not change and the pattern contracts toward the bright center E) neither the intensity at the center of the pattern nor the pattern itself change 5. In the equation sin = /a for single-slit diffraction, is: A) the angle to the first minimum B) the angle to the second maximum C) the phase angle between the extreme rays D) N where N is an integer E) (N + 1/2) where N is an integer

6. Two wavelengths, 800 nm and 600 nm, are used separately in single-slit diffraction experiments. The diagram shows the intensities on a far-away viewing screen as function of the angle made by the rays with the straight-ahead direction. If both wavelengths are then used simultaneously, at which angle is the light on the screen purely 800-nm light?

A) B) C) D) E)

A B C D E

7. The light waves represented by the three rays shown in the diagram all have the same frequency. 4.7 wavelengths fit into layer 1, 3.2 wavelengths fit into layer 2, and 5.3 wavelengths fit into layer 3. Rank the layers according to the speeds of the waves, least to greatest.

A) B) C) D) E)

1, 2, 3 2, 1, 3 3, 1, 2 3, 2, 1 1, 3, 2

8. Monochromatic light, at normal incidence, strikes a thin film in air. If denotes the wavelength in the film, what is the thinnest film in which the reflected light will be a maximum? A) much less than B) /4 C) /2 D) 3 /4 E)

9. Consider (I) the law of reflection and (II) the law of refraction. Huygens' principle can be used to derive: A) only I B) only II C) both I and II D) neither I nor II E) the question is meaningless because Huygen's principle is for wave fronts whereas both I and II concern rays 10. A rocket traveling with constant velocity makes a 8.4 101 5 m trip in 1 year. The proper time in years between events which mark the beginning and end of the trip is: A) 0.21 B) 0.46 C) 1.0 D) 2.2 E) 4.7

PARTIAL CREDIT PROBLEMS Answer three of the four (cross out the one you do not want graded). Show all of your work to receive full credit. (Most importantly the formulas used to find the final answer.) Problem 1 Suppose that the two waves shown in the figure have wavelength when they emerge if: a.) n1 = 1.50, n2 = 1.60, and L = 8.50 m = 500 nm in air. What multiple of gives their phase difference

b.) n1 = 1.62, n2 = 1.72, and L = 8.50 m

c.) n1 = 1.59, n2 = 1.79, and L = 3.25 m

d.) Suppose that in each of these three situations that the waves arrive at a common point (with the same amplitude) after emerging. Rank the situations according to the brightness the waves produce at the common point.

Problem 2 White light is sent downward onto a horizontal thin film that is sandwiched between two materials. The index of refraction are 1.80 for the top material, 1.70 for the thin film, and 1.50 for the bottom material. The film thickness is 5.00 x 10-7 m. Of the visible wavlengths (400 700 nm) that result in fully constructive interference at an observer above the film, which is the: a.) longer wavelength?

b.) shorter wavelength?

The materials and the film are then heated so that the film thickness increases. c.) Does the light resulting in fully constructive interference shift toward the longer or shorter wavelengths?

Problem 3 The shown graph gives the parameter of the equation:

sin

versus the sine of the angle in a two-slit interference experiment using light of wavelength 435 nm. The vertical axis scale is set by s = 80.0 rad. What are: a.) the slit separation?

b.) the total number of interference maxima (count them on both sides of the patterns center)?

c.) the smallest angle for a maximum?

d.) the greatest angle for a minimum? (Assume that none of the interference maxima are completely eliminated by a diffraction minimum.)

Problem 4 An armada of spaceships that is 1.00 ly long (in its rest frame) moves with speed 0.800c relative to a ground station in frame S. A messenger travels from the rear of the armada to the front with a speed of 0.950c relative to S. How long does the trip take as measured: a.) in the messengers rest frame?

b.) in the armadas rest frame?

c.) in an observer in frame S.