DO AN TOT NGHIEP.p

B GIO DC V O TO
TRNG I HC VN HIN
KHOA IN T - VIN THNG
N TT NGHIP
Ti:
M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC

BNG MATLAB
GVHD: Th.S PHAN TH CHIU M
SVTH: NGUYN TN PHT
MSSV: 0858660056
TP.H Ch Minh-Thng 7-2011
PHN A
GII THIU
LI CM N
Sinh vin: Nguyn Tn Pht xin chn thnh cm n:
Qy thy c trng i Hc Vn Hin ni chung v thy c trong khoa in T Vin Thng ni ring ht lng dy bo v trang b cho em nhng kin thc qu bu
trong nhng nm qua v cng chnh l hnh trang vo i ca em sau ny.
c bit, Em xin chn thnh cm n c gio:ThS. Phan Th Chiu M tn tnh
hng dn, truyn t, cung cp ti liu cng nh b sung nhng kin thc cn thit v
ng gp nhiu kin quan trng cho em trong thi gian lm ti.
Em xin cm n v ghi nh cng lao ca cha m v nhng ngi thn ng vin,
to iu kin gip em hon thnh tt nhim v trong nhng nm hc va qua.
ng thi, xin chn thnh cm n tt c cc bn sinh vin gip , ng gp v
ng vin em hon thnh tt tp lun vn ny, c bit l sinh vin lp C08E1.
TP.HCM, ngythng nm 2011

Sinh vin thc hin n.
NHN XT
N CA GIO VIN HNG DN
H v tn: NGUYN TN PHT
GVHD: ThS. PHAN TH CHIU M
Tn ti: M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB
Li nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn:
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TP.H Ch Minh,ngythngnm 2011
Gio vin hng dn
NHN XT
N CA GIO VIN PHN BIN
H v tn: NGUYN TN PHT
GVHD: ThS. PHAN TH CHIU M
Tn ti: M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB
Li nhn xt ca gio vin phn bin:
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TP H.Ch Minh,ngythngnm 2011
Gio vin phn bin
LI M U
Khoa hc k thut ngy cng pht trin p li nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con
ngi trong mi lnh vc nh l: thng tin truyn thng, vin thng, in tBn cnh
th cht lng ca sn phm v chnh xc cao trong tn hiu, m thanh cng l
mt vn rt quan trng. loi b nhng tn s nhiu, nhng tn hiu khng mong
mun y th mch dao ng ra i.
Trong khun kh n tt nghip ny, vi mc ch tm hiu v mch dao ng,
sinh vin thc hin n la chn ti mch dao ng RLC v ng dng ngn
ng lp trnh matlab m phng. Vi s gip v hng dn trc tip ca c gio:
ThS PHAN TH CHIU M. Tuy ti cn n gin, nhng hi vng y s l mt ti
liu b ch cho nhng ai quan tm.
Do thi gian, ti liu tham kho c hn v kinh nghim thc tin cn non km, nn
ti chc chn cn nhiu thiu xt. Rt mong nhn c nhng kin ng gp, gip
chn tnh qu bu ca qu thy c cng cc bn sinh vin.
TP.H Ch Minh, ngythngnm 2011

Sinh vin thc hin n
MC LC
Trang
Phn A: Gii thiu .................................................................................................
Trang ba ............................................................................................................
Li cm n ........................................................................................................
Quyt nh giao ti .......................................................................................
Nhn xt gio vin hng dn ..........................................................................
Nhn xt gio vin phn bin ............................................................................
Li ni u .......................................................................................................
Mc lc ............................................................................................................
Lit k hnh .......................................................................................................
Phn B: Ni dung ...................................................................................................
CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC ............................................................. 1
1.1 VI NT V MCH DAO NG ................................................................ 1
1.2 LINH KIN TH NG TRONG MCH IN XOAY CHIU ............ 1
1.2.1 in tr R ................................................................................................. 1
1.2.2 Cun dy L ............................................................................................... 2
1.2.3 T in C .................................................................................................. 2
1.3 MCH DAO NG SIN TN S THP..................................................... 3
1.3.1 Dao ng dch pha (phase shift oscillator)............................................... 4
1.3.1.1 Nguyn tc ................................................................................. 4
1.3.1.2 Mch dch pha dng op-amp ...................................................... 8
1.3.1.3 Mch dao ng dch pha dng FET ........................................... 9
1.3.1.4 Mch dng BJT .......................................................................... 10
1.3.2 Mch dao ng cu Wien: (wien bridge oscillators) ............................... 11

1.3.3 Mch dao ng cu T i ......................................................................... 18
1.4 MCH DAO NG SIN TN S CAO ....................................................... 19
1.4.1 Mch cng hng (resonant circuit) ........................................................ 19
1.4.1.1 Cng hng ni tip (series resonant circuit) ............................ 19
1.4.1.2 Cng hng song song (parallel resonant ci rcuit) .................... 20
1.4.2 Tng qut v dao ng LC ....................................................................... 21
1.4.3 Mch dao ng Colpitts ........................................................................... 23
1.4.4 Dao ng Clapp (clapp oscillator) ........................................................... 25
1.4.5 Dao ng Hartley (hartley oscillators) ..................................................... 26
1.5 DAO NG THCH ANH (crystal oscillators) ........................................... 28
1.5.1 Thch anh ................................................................................................. 28
1.5.2 Dao ng thch anh .................................................................................. 31
1.6 DAO NG KHNG SIN .............................................................................. 33
1.6.1 Dao ng tch thot dng OP-AMP (op-amp relaxation oscillator) ........ 33
1.6.2 To sng vung, tam gic v rng ca vi mch dao ng a hi .......... 36
1.6.2.1To sng tam gic ....................................................................... 36
1.6.2.2. Thay i dc ca sng tam gic ........................................... 37
1.6.2.3 To sng rng ca ...................................................................... 38
1.6.3 To sng tam gic t mch so snh v tch phn ..................................... 39
1.6.4 To sng tam gic n cc ...................................................................... 43
1.6.5 To sng rng ca .................................................................................... 45
CHNG II: TM HIU V NGN NG LP TRNH MATLAB .............. 47
2.1 VECT ............................................................................................................ 47
2.1.1 Nhp mt vect ....................................................................................... 47

2.1.2 Cng vect .............................................................................................. 47
2.1.3 V vect .................................................................................................. 47
2.1.4 To biu ct ........................................................................................ 48
2.1.5 V vect b ............................................................................................... 49
2.2 MA TRN ......................................................................................................... 50
2.2.1 Nhp ma trn ........................................................................................... 50
2.2.2 Ma trn chuyn v ................................................................................... 51
2.2.3 Nhn ma trn ........................................................................................... 51
2.2.4 Nhn n v ca ma trn ......................................................................... 51
2.2.5 Nghch o ca ma trn........................................................................... 51
2.2.6 Nhn ma trn nghch o ca A vi ma trn A....................................... 52
2.2.7 Tnh v lm trn ...................................................................................... 52
2.2.8 Gii phng trnh .................................................................................... 52
2.2.9 Tnh tch chp ca hai a thc ................................................................ 52
2.3 BI TP P DNG......................................................................................... 53
2.4 V TH THEO TRC TA ............................................................. 61
2.4.1 Scale (ta )........................................................................................... 61
2.4.1.1 semilogx ..................................................................................... 62
2.4.1.2 semilogy ..................................................................................... 63
2.4.1.3 Loglog ........................................................................................ 64
2.4.2 Grid ......................................................................................................... 65
2.4.2.1 Neither ........................................................................................ 65
2.4.2.2 Xgird .......................................................................................... 66
2.4.2.3 Ygird .......................................................................................... 67

2.4.2.4 Both ............................................................................................ 68
2.4.3 Direction .................................................................................................. 69
2.4.3.1 Normal........................................................................................ 69
2.4.3.2 Reversex ..................................................................................... 70
2.4.3.3 Reversey ..................................................................................... 71
2.4.3.4 Rev.both ..................................................................................... 72
2.4.4 Color ........................................................................................................ 73
2.4.4.1 Default ........................................................................................ 73
2.4.4.2 Bbule .......................................................................................... 74
2.4.4.3 Red ............................................................................................. 75
2.5 HA: V 2D .............................................................................................. 76
2.5.1 Line Plot of a chirp .................................................................................. 76
2.5.2 Bar Plot of a Bell Shaped Curve ............................................................. 77
2.5.3 Stairstep Plot of a Sine Wave ................................................................. 78
2.5.4 Errorbar Plot ............................................................................................ 79
2.5.5 Polar Plot(v ta cc) ......................................................................... 80
2.5.6 Stem Plot (v tn hiu ly mu ri rc) ................................................... 81
CHNG III: NG DNG MATLAB M PHNG MCH DAO NG
RLC ......................................................................................................................... 83
3.1 GIAO DIN S DNG CHNG TRNH MATLAB ............................... 83
3.2 GIAO DIN TO NT ................................................................................... 86
3.3 THIT K GIAO DIN MCH DAO NG CU WIEN ....................... 89
3.3.1 Tnh ton mch dao ng cu wien ........................................................ 94
3.3.2 V s mch dao ng cu wien.......................................................... 95
3.4 THIT K GIAO DIN MCH DAO NG SM PHA ......................... 96

3.4.1 Tnh ton mch dao ng sm pha ......................................................... 101
3.4.2 V s mch dao ng sm pha .......................................................... 102
3.5 THIT K GIAO DIN MCH DAO NG CU T I ....................... 104
3.5.1 Tnh ton mch dao ng cu T i ........................................................ 109
3.5.2 V s mch dao ng cu T i ......................................................... 110
LIT K HNH
Hnh 3.1: khuch i o v h thng hi tip......................................................... 4

Hnh 3.2: Mch dao ng dch pha .......................................................................... 5
Hnh 3.3: Khi hi tip dao ng dch pha .............................................................. 5
Hnh 3.4: Mch dao ng dch pha dng op-amp .................................................... 9
Hnh 3.5: Mch dao ng dch pha dng FET ......................................................... 10
Hnh 3.6: Mch dao ng dch pha dng BJT ......................................................... 10
Hnh 3.7: Khi hi tip ca dao ng dch pha dng BJT ....................................... 11
Hnh 3.8: Mch dao ng cu wien ......................................................................... 12
Hnh 3.9: Mch dao ng cu wien dng diode ...................................................... 14
Hnh 3.10: Mch dao ng cu wien s dng JFET ................................................ 15
Hnh 3.11: Mch dao ng cu wien dng t v bin tr ........................................ 16
Hnh 3.12: Mch dao ng cu wien dng iu chnh tn s ............................. 17
Hnh 3.13: Mch dao ng cu wien iu chnh bin v tn s ......................... 17
Hnh 3.14:Mch dao ng cu T i........................................................................ 18
Hnh 4.1: Mch cng hng ni tip ....................................................................... 19
Hnh 4.2: p ng tn s mch cng hng song song .......................................... 21
Hnh 4.3: Mch tng qut LC (a) v mch hi tip (b) ............................................ 21
Hnh 4.4: Mch khuch i cn bn ......................................................................... 22
Hnh 4.5: Mch dao ng colpitts dng JFET ......................................................... 23
Hnh 4.6: Mch dao ng colpitts dng BJT ........................................................... 25
Hnh 4.7: Mch dao ng cllap ................................................................................ 25
Hnh 4.8: Mch dao ng clapp ci tin .................................................................. 26
Hnh 4.9: Mch dao ng Hartley ............................................................................ 27

Hnh 4.10: Mch dao ng dng cc thu chung ...................................................... 28
Hnh 5.1: Hnh dng tinh th thch anh ................................................................... 28
Hnh 5.2: Mch dao ng dng tinh th thch anh .................................................. 29
Hnh 5.3: p ng mch dao ng dng tinh th thch anh .................................... 30
Hnh 5.4: p ng mch dao ng dng tinh th thch anh .................................... 30
Hnh 5.5: Mch dao ng Pierce .............................................................................. 31
Hnh 5.6: Mch dao ng Pierce dng t tinh chnh ............................................... 32
Hnh 5.7: Mch dao ng Pierce dng t C1 v C2 mc bn ngoi ........................ 32
Hnh 6.1: Mch dao ng tch thot dng op-amp .................................................. 33
Hnh 6.2: p ng dao ng tch thot .................................................................... 34
Hnh 6.3: Mch dao ng tch thot ......................................................................... 36
Hnh 6.4: Mch to sng tam gic ........................................................................... 36
Hnh 6.5: p ng mch to sng tam gic ............................................................. 37
Hnh 6.6: Mch thay i dc ca sng tam gic ................................................. 38
Hnh 6.7: Mch to sng rng ca ........................................................................... 39
Hnh 6.8: Mch tch phn ......................................................................................... 39
Hnh 6.9: p ng mch tch phn .......................................................................... 40
Hnh 6.10: Mch so snh v tch phn ghp vi nhau ............................................. 41
Hnh 6.11: Mch to sng tam gic n cc............................................................ 43
Hnh 6.12: Mch to sng tam gic n cc dng diode......................................... 44
Hnh 6.13: Mch to sng rng ca ......................................................................... 45
Hnh 6.14: p ng mch to sng rng ca ........................................................... 45
PHN B
NI DUNG
M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB
Trang 1
CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

1.1 VI NT V MCH DAO NG
Trong lnh vc in in t, dng in xoay chiu hnh sin rt quan trng v
nhng c tnh ring ca n nh:
Dng in hnh sin d pht sinh
Cc dng in xoay chiu khc c tnh tun hon iu c th phn tch ra mt
chui cc tn hiu hnh sin. iu ny thun li cho vic phn tch, tnh ton nh c
nhiu cng c ton hc.
Dng in hnh sin thng c dng kho st c tnh k thut ca cc
mch in t nh mch lc, mch khuch i
Mch dao ng c hiu l mt mch khuch i nhng khng c tn hiu vo
m n t to ra tn hiu.
Mch dao ng xung vung nh hin tng np x ca mch RC kt hp trng
thi bo ha v ngng dn ca linh kin tch cc.
Mch dao ng hnh sin da trn hin tng cng hng ca mch LC kt hp
vi mch khuch i hi tip to tn hiu.
Ngoi cc mch khuch i in th v cng sut, dao ng cng l loi mch
cn bn ca ngnh in t. Mch dao ng c s dng ph bin trong cc thit b
vin thng. Mt cch n gin, mch dao ng l mch to ra tn hiu.
Tng qut, ngi ta thng chia ra lm 2 loi mch dao ng: Dao ng iu
ha (harmonic oscillators) to ra cc sng sin v dao ng tch thot (th gin relaxation oscillators) thng to ra cc tn hiu khng sin nh rng ca, tam gic,
vung (sawtooth, triangular, square).
1.2 LINH KIN TH NG TRONG MCH IN XOAY CHIU
Ba linh kin th ng c bn l R- L- C khi p dng vo dng in xoay chiu
th quan h gia dng in v in p trong mi linh kin ging nhau.
Xt dng in xoay chiu c:I=Imsint khi i qua cc linh kin trn
1.2.1 in tr R
Trang 2
Theo nh lut Ohm, in p trn in tr:

VR (t)=R. i(t)=R Imsint
(1)
Nh vy: in p VR v dng in i trng pha.

1.2.2 Cun dy L
in p trn cun dy:
VL = L
Thay: i(t)=Imsinwt vo VL ri ly o hm ta c:
VL=LImcost=LImsin(t+90)
(2)
Nh vy: in p VL sm pha hn dng in i 90

So snh hai biu thc (1) v (2) ta thy L c ngha nh R l sc cn in ca
cun dy v c gi l cm khng XL.
Ta c: XL=L=2fL
1.2.3 T in C
in p gim trn t in:
Vc=
Thay: i(t)=Imsint vo Vc ri ly tch ta c:
Vc=
Vc=
Nh vy: in p Vc tr pha hn dng in i 90.
(3)
So snh hai biu thc (1) v (3) ta thy
Trang 3
c ngha nh R l sc cn in ca
t in v c gi l dung khng Xc.
Ta c: Xc=
1.3 MCH DAO NG SIN TN S THP

Ta xem li mch khuch i c hi tip
Nu pha ca vf lch 1800 so vi vs ta c hi tip m.

Nu pha ca vf cng pha vi vs (hay lch 3600) ta c hi tip dng.
li ca mch khi c hi tip:
Trang 4
Trng hp c bit Av = 1 c gi l chun c Barkausen (Barkausen

criteria), lc ny Af tr nn v hn, ngha l khi khng c tn hiu ngun vs m vn c
tn hiu ra v0, tc mch t to ra tn hiu v c gi l mch dao ng. Tm li iu
kin c dao ng l: Av=1
A + B = 00 (3600) iu kin ny ch tha mt tn s no , ngha l trong h
thng hi tip dng phi c mch chn tn s.
Nu Av >> 1 (ng iu kin pha) th mch dao ng t n nh nhanh nhng
dng sng mo nhiu (thin v vung) cn nu Av > 1 v gn bng 1 th mch t n
n nh chm nhng dng sng ra t mo. Cn nu Av < 1 th mch khng dao
ng c.
1.3.1 Dao ng dch pha (phase shift oscillator)
To sng sin tn s thp nht l trong di m tn.
Cn gi l mch dao ng RC.
Mch c th dng BJT, FET hoc Op-amp.
Thng dng mch khuch i o (lch pha 1800) nn h thng hi tip phi
lch pha thm 1800 to hi tip dng.
1.3.1.1 Nguyn tc
Hnh 3.1: khuch i o v h thng hi tip

H thng hi tip gm ba mc R-C, mi mc c lch pha ti a 900 nn
lch pha l 1800 phi dng ba mc R-C.
Mch tng ng tng qut ca ton mch dao ng dch pha c m t
hnh 3.2
Hnh 3.2: Mch dao ng dch pha

Nu Ri rt ln v R0 nh khng ng k
Ta c: v0 = v1 = Av.vi
vi = v2
H thng hi tip gm 3 mc C-R, v c v li nh hnh 3.3
Hnh 3.3: Khi hi tip dao ng dch pha

phn gii mch ta theo 4 bc:
+ Vit phng trnh tnh li in th = v2/v1 ca h thng hi tip.
+ Rt gn thnh dng a + jb
+ Cho b = 0 xc nh tn s dao ng f0
+ Thay f0 vo phng trnh ca bc 1 xc nh gi tr ca ti f0.
Trang 5
T hnh 3.3 ta c:
T :
V:
Trang 6
mch lch pha 1800:
Trang 7
Trang 8
Thay 0 vo biu thc ca ta tm c:
1.3.1.2 Mch dch pha dng op-amp

Do op-amp c tng tr vo rt ln v tng tr ra khng ng k nn mch dao
ng ny minh ha rt tt cho chun c Barkausen. Mch cn bn c v hnh 3.4
Tn s dao ng c xc nh bi:
Trang 9
Hnh 3.4: Mch dao ng dch pha dng op-amp

1.3.1.3 Mch dao ng dch pha dng FET
Do FET c tng tr vo rt ln nn cng thch hp cho loi mch ny.
Tng tr ra ca mch khuch i khi khng c hi tip:
R0 = RD||rD phi thit k sao cho R0 khng ng k so vi tng tr vo ca h thng
hi tip tn s dao ng vn tha mn cng thc:
Nu iu kin trn khng tha mn th ngoi R v C, tn s dao ng s cn ty

thuc vo R0 (xem mch dng BJT).
li vng h ca mch: Av = -gm(RD||rD) 29 nn phi chn Fet c gm, rD ln
v phi thit k vi RD tng i ln.
Trang 10
Hnh 3.5: Mch dao ng dch pha dng FET

1.2.1.4 Mch dng BJT
Mch khuch i l cc pht chung c hoc khng c t phn dng cc
pht.
Hnh 3.6: Mch dao ng dch pha dng BJT

iu kin tng tr vo ca mch khng tha mn nn in tr R cui cng ca h
thng hi tip l:
Trang 11
R = R + (R1||R2||Zb)
Vi Zb = re nu c CE v Zb = (re + RE) nu khng c CE.
Tng tr ca mch khi cha c hi tip R0 RC khng nh lm nn lm nh
hng n tn s dao ng. Mch phn gii c v li
Hnh 3.7: Khi hi tip ca dao ng dch pha dng BJT

p dng cch phn gii nh phn trc ta tm c tn s dao ng:
Thng ngi ta thm mt tng khuch i m cc thu chung ti khng

nh hng n mch dao ng.
1.3.2 Mch dao ng cu Wien: (wien bridge oscillators)
Cng l mt dng dao ng dch pha. Mch thng dng op-amp rp theo kiu
khuch i khng o nn h thng hi tip phi c lch pha 00. Mch cn bn nh
hnh 3.8a v h thng hi tip nh hnh 3.8b
Hnh 3.8: Mch dao ng cu wien
Ti tn s dao ng 0:
Trang 12
Trang 13
Trong mch c bn hnh 3.8a, ta ch :

Nu li vng h Av < 3 mch khng dao ng
Nu li vng h Av >> 3 th tn hiu dao ng nhn c b bin dng (nh
dng v nh m ca hnh sin b ct).
Cch tt nht l khi khi ng, mch to Av > 3 ( d dao ng) xong gim
dn xung gn bng 3 c th gim thiu ti a vic bin dng. Ngi ta c nhiu
cch, hnh 3.9 l mt v d dng diode hot ng trong vng phi tuyn thay i
li in th ca mch.
Khi bin ca tn hiu ra cn nh, D1, D2 khng dn in v khng nh
hng n mch. li in th ca mch lc ny l:
li ny mch dao ng. Khi in th nh ca tn hiu ngang qua R4

khong 0.5 volt th cc diode s bt u dn in. D1 dn khi ng ra dng v D2 dn
khi ng ra m. Khi dn mnh nht, in th ngang diode xp x 0.7 volt. l hai
diode ch dn in phn nh ca tn hiu ra v n hot ng nh mt in tr thay
i ni tip vi R5 v song song vi R4 lm gim li ca mch, sao cho li lc
ny xung gn bng 3 v c tc dng lm gim thiu s bin dng. Vic phn gii hot
ng ca diode trong vng phi tuyn tng i phc tp, thc t ngi ta mc thm
Trang 14
mt in tr R5 (nh hnh v) iu chnh li ca mch sao cho bin dng t

c mc thp nht.
Hnh 3.9: Mch dao ng cu wien dng diode

Ngoi ra cng nn l bin dng s cng nh khi bin tn hiu ng
ra cng thp. Thc t, ly tn hiu ra ca mch dao ng ngi ta c th mc thm
mt mch khng o song song vi R1C1 nh hnh v thay v mc ni tip ng ra ca
mch dao ng. Do tng tr vo ln, mch ny gn nh khng nh hng n h thng
hi tip nhng tn hiu ly ra c bin dng c gim thiu ng k do tc ng lc
ca R1C1.
Mt phng php khc gim bin dng v tng n nh bin tn hiu
dao ng, ngi ta s dng JFET trong mch hi tip m nh mt in tr thay i.
Lc ny JFET c phn cc trong vng in tr (ohmic region-vng ID cha bo
ha) v tc ng nh mt in tr thay i theo in th (VVR-voltage variable
resistor).
Ta xem mch hnh 3.10
Trang 15
Hnh 3.10: Mch dao ng cu wien s dng JFET

D1, D2 c dng nh mch chnh lu mt bn k (m); C3 l t lc. Mch ny
to in th m phn cc cho JFET.
Khi cp in, mch bt u dao ng, bin tn hiu ra khi cha lm cho
D1 v D2 dn in th VGS = 0 tc JFET dn mnh nht v rds nh nht v li in
th ca op-amp t gi tr ti a.
S dao ng tip tc, khi in th nh ng ra m t tr s xp x -(Vz + 0.7v)
th D1 v D2 s dn in v VGS bt u m.
S gia tng ca tn hiu in th nh ng ra s lm cho VGS cng m tc rds
tng. Khi rds tng, li Av ca mch gim cui cng t c li vng bng
n v khi mch hot ng n nh.
Thc t, mch hot ng iu kin tt nht, ngi ta dng bin tr R4 c
th chnh t bin dng thp nht.
Vn iu chnh tn s:
Trong mch dao ng cu Wien, tn s v h s hi tip c xc nh bng
cng thc:
Nh vy thay i tn s dao ng, ta c th thay i mt trong cc thnh

phn trn. Tuy nhin, l khi c h s hi tip cng thay i theo v li vng
cng thay i, iu ny c th lm cho mch mt dao ng hoc tn hiu dao ng b
bin dng.
Trang 16
khc phc iu ny, ngi ta thng thay i R1, R2 hoc C1, C2 cng lc
(dng bin tr i hoc t xoay i) khng lm thay i h s. Hnh 2.11a m t
vic iu chnh ny.
(a)
(b)
Hnh 3.11: Mch dao ng cu wien dng t v bin tr

Tuy nhin, hai bin tr rt kh ng nht v thay i ging ht nhau nn kh
gi vng. Mt cch khc iu chnh tn s dao ng l dng k thut hi tip m v
ch thay i mt thnh phn mch v khng lm thay i li vng d v Av u
thay i. Mch in nh hnh 3.11b
Tn s dao ng ca mch vn c xc nh bi:
Trang 17
Vy khi R1 tng th f0 gim, tng. Ngc li khi R1 gim th f0 tng v gim.

Mch A2 a vo trong h thng hi tip dng gi vng li vng lun bng n
v khi ta iu chnh tn s (tc thay i R1). Tht vy, ta th tnh li vng h Av ca
mch
Hnh 3.12: Mch dao ng cu wien dng iu chnh tn s

Ton b mch dao ng cu Wien c iu chnh tn s v bin dng tham
kho c v hnh 3.13
Hnh 3.13: Mch dao ng cu wien iu chnh bin v tn s

Trang 18
1.3.3 Mch dao ng cu T i:
Hnh 3.14:Mch dao ng cu T i

Trong s hnh 3.14 transistor T1 rp kiu E chung khuch i o pha,
transistor T2 rp kiu C chung nn khuch i ng pha. Do , tn hiu vo cc B1 v
tn hiu ra cc E2 l hai tn hiu o pha.
Mch lc cu T i trong s ny l mch hi tip m t cc E2 v cc B1. Cc
tn hiu c tn s cao v tn s thp hn f u c hi tip m v cc B1 nn cc tn
hiu ny s b loi b ng ra. Ring tn hiu f b mch lc cu T i gim bin
nn khng c hi tip m s c khuch i v c bin ra ln nht.
Trang 19
Cc mch dao ng RC trn thng ch thch hp cho cc tn hiu hnh sin tn s

thp, t vi chc hz n vi chc khz. to dao ng hnh sin tn s cao ngi ta
thng dng mch dao ng cng hng LC.
1.4 MCH DAO NG SIN TN S CAO
Dao ng dch pha khng dng c tn s cao do lc t in phi c in
dung rt nh. to sng tn s cao ngi ta thng a vo h thng hi tip cc
mch cng hng LC (song song hoc ni tip).
1.4.1 Mch cng hng (resonant circuit)
1.4.1.1 Cng hng ni tip (series resonant circuit)
Gm c mt t in v mt cun cm mc ni tip.
Cm khng ca cun dy l jXL = 2fL
Thc t, cun cm L lun c ni tr R nn tng tr thc ca mch l: Z =

R + jXL - jXC.
Ti tn s cng hng f0 th XL = XC nn Z0 = R
Hnh 4.1: Mch cng hng ni tip

Vy ti tn s cng hng tng tr ca mch c tr s cc tiu.
Khi tn s f < f0 tng tr c tnh dung khng.

Khi tn s f > f0 tng tr c tnh cm khng.
1.4.1.2 Cng hng song song (parallel resonant ci rcuit)

Tng tr ca mch:
Trang 20
Hnh 4.2: p ng tn s mch cng hng song song

1.4.2 Tng qut v dao ng LC
Dng tng qut nh hnh 4.3a v mch hi tip nh hnh 4.3b
Hnh 4.3: Mch tng qut LC (a) v mch hi tip (b)

Trang 21
Trang 22
Gi s Ri rt ln i vi Z2 (thng c tha v Z2 rt nh)

tnh h s hi tip ta dng hnh 4.4b
xc nh Av ( li ca mch khuch i cn bn ta dng mch 4.4
Hnh 4.4: Mch khuch i cn bn
Trang 23
1.4.3 Mch dao ng Colpitts

Ta xem mch dng JFET
Hnh 4.5: Mch dao ng colpitts dng JFET

So snh vi mch tng qut:
Z1= C1; Z2 = C2; Z3 = L1; C3: t lin lc ng vo lm cch ly in th
phn cc.
Trang 24
L2: cun chn cao tn (Radio-frequency choke) c ni tr khng ng k nhng

c cm khng rt ln tn s dao ng, dng cch ly tn hiu dao ng vi ngun cp
in.
Ti tn s cng hng: Z1 + Z2 + Z3 = 0
Kt qu trn cho thy mch khuch i phi l mch o v li vng h phi

c tr tuyt i ln hn C2 /C1.
Av(oc) l li khng ti: Av(oc) = -gm(rd //XL2)
Do XL2 rt ln ti tn s cng hng, nn: Av(oc) -gmrd
Mt mch dng BJT
Trang 25
Hnh 4.6: Mch dao ng colpitts dng BJT

1.4.4 Dao ng Clapp (clapp oscillator)
Dao ng clapp tht ra l mt dng thay i ca mch dao ng colpitts. Cun
cm trong mch dao ng colpitts i thnh mch LC ni tip. Ti tn s cng hng,
tng tr ca mch ny c tnh cm khng.
Hnh 4.7: Mch dao ng clapp

Ti tn s cng hng: Z1 + Z2 + Z3 = 0
Trang 26
l do mch L1C3 phi c tnh cm khng tn s dao ng nn C3 phi c

tr s nh, thng l nh nht trong C1, C2, C3 v f0 gn nh ch ty thuc vo L1C3
mc ni tip.
Ngi ta cng c th dng mch clapp ci tin nh hnh 4.8
Tn s dao ng cng c tnh bng cng thc trn nhng ch do dng mch
cc thu chung (Av, 1) nn h s phi c tr tuyt i ln hn 1.
Hnh 4.8: Mch dao ng clapp ci tin

1.4.5 Dao ng Hartley (hartley oscillators)
Cng ging nh dao ng colpitts nhng v tr ca cun dy v t hon i
nhau.
Z1 = L1; Z2 = L2; Z3 = C1
Trang 27
Hai cun cm L1 v L2 mc ni tip nn in cm ca ton mch l L = L1 + L2

+ 2M vi M l h cm.
Hnh 4.9: Mch dao ng Hartley

T iu kin: Z1 + Z2 + Z3 = 0 ti tn s cng hng vi
Z1+Z2=Zl=j0L
Ta cng c th dng mch cc thu chung nh hnh 4.10
Trang 28
Hnh 4.10: Mch dao ng dng cc thu chung
1.5 DAO NG THCH ANH (crystal oscillators)

1.5.1 Thch anh
Tinh th thch anh (quaRtz crytal) l loi trong m trong thin nhin, chnh
l dioxyt silicium (SiO2).
Tinh th thch anh dng trong mch dao ng l mt lt mng c ct ra t
tinh th. Ty theo mt ct m lt thch anh c c tnh khc nhau. Lt thch anh c
din tch t nh hn 1cm2 n vi cm2 c mi rt mng, phng (vi mm) v 2 mt
tht song song vi nhau. Hai mt ny c m kim loi v ni chn ra ngoi d s
dng.
Hnh 5.1: Hnh dng tinh th thch anh

Trang 29
c tnh ca tinh th thch anh l tnh p in (piezoelectric effect) theo khi

ta p mt lc vo 2 mt ca lt thch anh (nn hoc ko dn) th s xut hin mt in
th xoay chiu gia 2 mt. Ngc li di tc dng ca mt in th xoay chiu, lt
thch anh s rung mt tn s khng i v nh vy to ra mt in th xoay chiu c
tn s khng i. Tn s rung ng ca lt thch anh ty thuc vo kch thc ca n
c bit l dy mt ct. Khi nhit thay i, tn s rung ng ca thch anh cng
thay i theo nhng vn c n nh tt hn rt nhiu so vi cc mch dao ng
khng dng thch anh (tn s dao ng gn nh ch ty thuc vo thch anh m khng
l thuc mch ngoi).
Mch tng ng ca thch anh nh hnh 5.2
Hnh 5.2: Mch dao ng dng tinh th thch anh

Tinh th thch anh cng hng hai tn s khc nhau:
Trang 30
Hnh 5.3: p ng mch dao ng dng tinh th thch anh
Hnh 5.4: p ng mch dao ng dng tinh th thch anh

Ta c th dng thch anh thay th mch ni tip LC, mch s dao ng tn
s fS. Cn nu thay th mch song song LC, mch s dao ng tn s fp (hoc fop).
Trang 31
Do thch anh c in cm LS ln, in dung ni tip rt nh nn thch anh s quyt

nh tn s dao ng ca mch; linh kin bn ngoi khng lm thay i nhiu tn s
dao ng (di 1/1000). Thng ngi ta ch to cc thch anh c tn s dao ng t
100khz tr ln, tn s cng thp cng kh ch to.
1.5.2 Dao ng thch anh
Dao ng dng thch anh nh mch cng hng ni tip cn gi l mch
dao ng Pierce (Pierce crystal oscillator). Dng tng qut nh sau:
Hnh 5.5: Mch dao ng Pierce

Ta thy dng mch ging nh mch dao ng clapp nhng thay cun dy v t
in ni tip bng thch anh. Dao ng Pierce l loi dao ng thng dng nht ca
thch anh.
Hnh 5.6 l loi mch dao ng Pierce dng rt t linh kin. Thch anh nm trn
ng hi tip t cc thot v cc cng.
Trang 32
Hnh 5.6: Mch dao ng Pierce dng t tinh chnh

Trong C1 = CdS; C2 = CgS t lin cc ca FET.
Do C1 v C2 rt nh nn tn s dao ng ca mch:
v thch anh c dng nh mch cng hng song song.
Hnh 5.7: Mch dao ng Pierce dng t C1 v C2 mc bn ngoi
Trang 33
Thc t ngi ta mc thm mt t tinh chnh CM (Trimmer) nh hnh 5.6 v c

tc ng gim bin dng ca tn hiu dao ng.
Ta c th dng mch hnh 4.7 vi C1 v C2 mc bn ngoi.
Trng hp ny ta thy thch anh c dng nh mt mch cng hng ni

tip
1.6 DAO NG KHNG SIN

1.6.1 Dao ng tch thot dng OP-AMP (op-amp relaxation oscillator)
y l mch to ra sng vung cn gi l mch dao ng a hi phi n (astable
mutivibrator). Hnh 6.1 m t dng mch cn bn dng op-amp
Hnh 6.1: Mch dao ng tch thot dng op-amp

Trang 34
Ta thy dng mch ging nh mch so snh o c hi tip dng vi in th

so snh vi c thay bng t C.
in th thm trn VUTP=.(+VSAT)>0

in th thm di VLTP=.(-VSAT)<0
Gi s khi m in v0 = +VSAT, t C np in, in th hai u t tng dn, khi
VC (in th ng vo -) ln hn vf = VUTP (in th ng vo +) ng ra i trng thi
thnh -VSAT v vf by gi l: vf = VLTP = .(-VSAT). T C bt u phng in qua R1,
khi VC = 0 t C np in th m n tr s VLTP th mch li i trng thi (v0 thnh
+VSAT). Hin tng trn c tip tc to ra ng ra mt dng sng vung vi nh
dng l +VSAT v nh m l -VSAT. Thi gian np in v phng in ca t C l chu
k ca mch dao ng.
Do t C np in v phng in u qua in tr R1 nn thi gian np in bng
thi gian phng in.
Hnh 6.2: p ng dao ng tch thot

Khi C np in, in th 2 u t l:
Trang 35
Thc t |+VSAT| c th khc |-VSAT| nn c sng vung i xng, c th

s dng mch nh hnh 6.3
Trang 36
Hnh 6.3 Mch dao ng tch thot

1.6.2 To sng vung, tam gic v rng ca vi mch dao ng a hi
Dng tn hiu ra ca mch dao ng tch thot c th thay i nu ta thay i
cc thnh phn ca h thng hi tip m.
1.6.2.1 To sng tam gic
Mt cu chnh lu v JFET c a vo h thng hi tip m nh hnh 6.4.
l in th ti cc thot D ca JFET lun dng hn cc ngun S (bt chp trng
thi ca ng ra V0). JFET nh vy hot ng nh mt ngun dng in v tr s ca
ngun ny ty thuc JFET v R1 khi VDS ln hn 3v. Th d vi JFET 2N4221, ta c:
Hnh 6.4: Mch to sng tam gic

Trang 37
Gi s v0 = +VSAT th D1, D2 dn. Dng in qua D1, JFET, D2 np vo t C t tr

s
Khi vC = VUTP, v0 i trng thi thnh -VSAT; D3, D4 dn, t C phng in cho
n ht v np in th m n VLTP trong thi gian tn. Sau hin tng li tip tc.
Hnh 6.5: p ng mch to sng tam gic
Nu 4 diode ng nht th ta c thi gian np in bng thi gian phng in, tc tp =

tn, v chu k dao ng T = tp + t= = 2tp
Nh vy ng ra ta c sng vung v ng vo tr ta c sng tam gic.

1.6.2.2. Thay i dc ca sng tam gic
thay i dc ca sng tam gic ta phi thay i tp v tn (nu tp tn ta c
sng tam gic khng u). Mun vy ta to dng np v dng phng khc nhau.
Gi dng phng l In v dng np l Ip, ta c:
Mch minh ha nh hnh 6.6

Trang 38
Hnh 6.6: Mch thay i dc ca sng tam gic

1.6.2.3 To sng rng ca
to sng rng ca ta tm cch gim tht nh thi gian phng in. C th
dng mch nh hnh 6.7
Thi gian C phng in qua Dn rt nh (vi chc micro giy).

Chu k dao ng T = tp + tn tp
Hnh 6.7: Mch to sng rng ca

1.6.3 To sng tam gic t mch so snh v tch phn
Ta xem mch tch phn sau y:
Hnh 6.8: Mch tch phn

Gi s thi im t = 0, SW v tr 1 (Ei = 15v) dng in qua R l:
.
Dng in ny s np vo t C to ra v0 (gim dn)
Trang 39
Trang 40
Gi s khi v0 = VLTP ta chuyn SW sang v tr 2, t C s phng in v np theo

chiu ngc li to ra v0 (dng dn).
Khi v0 = VUTP ta chuyn SW sang v tr 1. Mch tip tc hot ng nh trc.
Hnh 6.9: p ng mch tch phn

t ng b giao hon v to dng hng cho t in ca mch tch phn, ngi
ta c th dng mt mch so snh v mch tch phn ghp vi nhau; xong ly ng ra ca
mch tch phn lm in th iu khin cho mch so snh. Ton b mch c dng nh
hnh 6.10
Trang 41
Hnh 6.10: Mch so snh v tch phn ghp vi nhau

phn gii mch ta ch l khi ng ra ca mch so snh bo ha dng
(+VSAT) th v0 = VZ + 0.7v = V0 > 0. Cn khi bo ha m v0= -(VZ+0.7v) = -V0 < 0.
in th nh - nh ca tam gic:
Ch l nu VR = 0 th Vmax = -Vmin
Xc nh tn s:
Khi VS 0
Khi v0 = -V0 (ng tin) th ta c:
Trang 42
Trang 43
1.6.4 To sng tam gic n cc

Ta xem li mch to sng tam gic khi VR = 0
Hnh 6.11: Mch to sng tam gic n cc
V khi VS = 0 tp = tn
to sng tam gic n cc (gi s dng) ta mc thm mt diode ni tip vi
R1 nh hnh 6.13a
Khi v0 = -V0: diode D dn
Khi v0 = +V0: diode D ngng
Trang 44
Hnh 6.12: Mch to sng tam gic n cc dng diode
Mun to sng tam gic n cc m ta ch cn i chiu ca diode D. Tn s

dao ng khng thay i.
Trang 45
1.6.5 To sng rng ca

Nh phn trc, to sng rng ca, ta gim nh T2. Mun vy, ta to iu
kin cho t C ca mch tch phn phng in nhanh. Ta c th dng mch nh hnh
6.13. Do Ei m, khi m in t C np to v(t) dng (tch phn o) tng dn t 0v.
Lc ny do Vref > 0 v ln hn v(t) nn v0 trng thi -VSAT ( diode D v transistor Q
ngng khng nh hng n mch tch phn. Tn hiu rng ca tng dn, khi Vc = Vref
mch so snh i trng thi v v0 thnh +VSAT lm cho D v Q dn bo ha. T C
phng nhanh qua Q ko v(t) xung 0v. Mch so snh li i trng thi
Hnh 6.13: Mch to sng rng ca
Hnh 6.14: p ng mch to sng rng ca
Trang 46
Trang 47
CHNG II: TM HIU V NGN NG LP

TRNH MATLAB
2.1 VECT
2.1.1 Nhp mt vect
a=[123464345]
Kt qu:
a=1 2 3 4 6 4 3 4 5
2.1.2 Cng vect
b = a+2
Kt qu:
b=3 4 5 6 8 6 5 6 7
2.1.3 V vect
plot(b)
% v vecto b
grid on
% to li
CHNG II: TM HIU NGN NG LP TRNH MATLAB
2.1.4 To biu ct
bar(b)
% to biu ct
xlabel (tien,color,r)
% t tn cho trc x
ylabel (san luong,color,y)
% t tn cho trc y
kt qu:
Trang 48
2.1.5 V vect b
plot (b,*)
% v vect b bng du *
axis([0 10 0 10])
% to ta trc
kt qu:
Trang 49
2.2 MA TRN
2.2.1 Nhp ma trn
A = [ 1 2 0; 2 5 -1; 4 10 -1]
kt qu:
A=
1
-1
10
-1
Trang 50
2.2.2 Ma trn chuyn v

B = A
kt qu:
B=
1
10
-1
-1
2.2.3 Nhn ma trn

C=A*B
kt qu:
C=
5
12
24
12 30
59
24
117
59
2.2.4 Nhn n v ca ma trn

C=A*B
kt qu:
C=
1
25
-10
-10
2.2.5 Nghch o ca ma trn

X = inv(A)
kt qu:
Trang 51
X=
5
-2
-2
-1
-2
2.2.6 Nhn ma trn nghch o ca A vi ma trn A

I = inv(A) * A
kt qu I =
1
2.2.7 Tnh v lm trn

p = round(poly(A))
kt qu:
p=
1
-5
-1
2.2.8 Gii phng trnh

Roots(p)
kt qu:
Ans =
3.7321
1.0000
0.2679
2.2.9 Tnh tch chp ca hai a thc
q = conv(p,p)
Trang 52
Trang 53
kt qu:
q=
1
-10
35
-52
35
-10
r = conv(p,q)
plot (r)
% v r
kt qu:
r=
1
-15
90
-278
480
-480
278
2.3 BI TP P DNG
-90
15
V hm s: x=[-15,15]
Y1 = x
Y2 = 2x+3
Y3 = x + 2
a/ tm ta giao im ca y1 v y2
b/ tm ta giao im ca y2 v y3
c/ tm giao im ca y2 v y3
clc
% lm sch ca s lnh
clear all
% xa tt c cc lnh
close all
% ng tt c cc ca s
subplot(221)
% ca s ph th nht
x = -15:15;
% gii hn trc honh (trc x)
y1 = x.^2
% gii hn trc tung(trc y1)
plot(x,y1,r);
% v hm s y1
title(y1=x.^2);
% tiu ca y1
pause(2)
% tm dng 2 giy hin th hnh k tip
Trang 54
subplot(222);
% ca s ph th hai
y2=2*x+3
% hm s y2
plot(x,y2,b);
% v hm s y2
title(y2=2*x+3);
% tiu ca hm y2
pause(2)
Trang 55
subplot(223)
% ca s ph th ba
y3=x.^3+2
% hm s y3
plot(x,y3,g);
% v hm s y3
title(y3=x^3+2);
pause(2)
Trang 56
subplot(224);
% ca s ph th t
y1=x.^2,plot(x,y1,r);
hold on
%gi cc hm s trn cng mt th
y2=2*x+3,plot(x,y2,b)
y3=x.^3+2,plot(x,y3,g)
title(y1=x.^2,y2=2*x+3,y3=x.^3+2);
Trang 57
TT C CC TH:
Trang 58
a/.giao im ca y1 v y2
clc
clear all
close all
x=-15:15
%gii hn trc honh t -15 n 15
y1=x.^2,plot(x,y1,r);
grid on
%to li
hold on
y2=2*x+3,plot(x,y2,g);
gird on
Trang 59
text (x,y,(3,0),(-1,0))
b/giao im ca y2 v y3
clc
clear all
close all
x=-15:15
y2=2*x+3,plot(x,y2,r);grid on
hold on
y3=x.^3+2,plot(x,y3,g)
Trang 60
2.4 V TH THEO TRC TA

2.4.1 Scale (ta )
x=logspace(-2,0,500);
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XGrid,off,YGrid,off);
Trang 61
Trang 62
2.4.1.1 semilogx
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XScale,log,YScale,linear); % log trc x,trc y tuyn tnh
Trang 63
2.4.1.2 semilogy
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XScale,linear,YScale,log); %trc x tuyn tnh,log trc y
2.4.1.3 Loglog
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XScale,log,YScale,log);
% log trc x,log trc y
set(gca,XGrid,on,YGrid,on);
Trang 64
Trang 65
2.4.2 Grid
2.4.2.1 Neither
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XScale,log,YScale,log);
%tt li trc x,tt li trc y
2.4.2.2 Xgird
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XGrid,on,YGrid,off);
% to li trc x
Trang 66
2.4.2.3 Ygird
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XGrid,off,YGrid,on);
% to li trc y
Trang 67
Trang 68
2.4.2.4 Both
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
% to li trc x v trc y
2.4.3 Direction
2.4.3.1 Normal
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
Trang 69
2.4.3.2 Reversex
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XDir,reverse,YDir,normal); %o trc x
Trang 70
Trang 71
2.4.3.3 Reversey
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XDir,normal,YDir,reverse);
%o trc y
Trang 72
2.4.3.4 Rev.both
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XDir, reverse,YDir,reverse);
%o trc x vo trc y
2.4.4 Color
2.4.4.1 Default
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
Trang 73
2.4.4.2 Bbule
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XColor,bule,YColor,bule);
Trang 74
2.4.4.3 Red
plot(x,((sin(1./x)).^2)./x);
set(gca,XColor,red,YColor,red);
Trang 75
2.5 HA:V 2D
2.5.1 Line Plot of a chirp
x=0:0.05:5;
% gii hn trc x t (0:5)
y=sin(x.^2);
% hm s y
plot(x,y);
% v hm s y
Trang 76
2.5.2 Bar Plot of a Bell Shaped Curve

x=-2.9:0.2:2.9
% gii hn trc x
bar(x,exp(-x.*x));
% v biu theo trc x
Trang 77
2.5.3 Stairstep Plot of a Sine Wave

X=0:0.25:10;
%gii hn ca trc x
Stairs(x,sin(x));
% v sng sin theo hnh cu thang
Trang 78
2.5.4 Errorbar Plot

x=-2:0.1:2;
%gii hn trc x
y=erf(x);
%hm s y
e=rand(size(x))/10;
% gi tr sai s ca e
errorbar(x,y,e);
% v hm sai s theo x,y,e
Trang 79
2.5.5 Polar Plot(v ta cc)

t=0:0.01:2*pi;
%gii hn ca t
polar(t,abs(sin(2*t).*cos(2*t))); %v ta sin,cos theo t
Trang 80
2.5.6 Stem Plot (v tn hiu ly mu ri rc)

x=0:0.1:4;
%gii hn trc x
y=sin(x.^2).*exp(-x);
% hm s y
Stem(x,y)
% v hm s y
Trang 81
Trang 82
Trang 83
CHNG III: NG DNG MATLAB M PHNG

MCH DAO NG RLC
3.1 GIAO DIN S DNG CHNG TRNH MATLAB
close all
clear all
clc;
pos =[50 50 900 600];
fg=figure('numbertitle','off',...
'units','pixel',...
'color','w',...
'menubar','none',...
'Name','DO AN TOT NGHIEP',...
'position',pos,...
'resize','off');
% ---------------TRUONG, KHOA-----------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontName','VNI-Times',...
'Backgroundcolor','w',...
'foregroundcolor','r',...
'FontSize',18,...
'FontWeight','bold',...
'HorizontalAlignment','center',...
'String','BO GIAO DUC VA AO TAO',...
'position',[250 530 400 50]);
uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',20,...
'String','AI HOC VAN HIEN',...
'position',[300 490 300 50]);
'FontSize',16,...
'String','KHOA IEN T - VIEN THONG',...
'position',[250 450 400 50]);
CHNG III: NG DNG MATLAB M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC
Trang 84
%--------------------DE TAI---------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'foregroundcolor','b',...
'FontSize',22,...
'String','MO PHONG MACH DAO ONG BANG MATLAB',...
'position',[100 300 700 60]);
%---------------------------GVHD----------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'foregroundcolor','g',...
'FontSize',15,...
'HorizontalAlignment','left',...
'String','GVHD : ThS. Phan Th Chieu My',...
'position',[400 200 400 50]);
%---------------------PHAT------------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'String','SVTH : Nguyen Tan Phat',...
'position',[400 170 400 50]);
%---------MSSV-----------------------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'String','MSSV : 0858660056',...
'position',[400 140 300 50]);
%------------------load bieu tuong-----------------I=imread('BIEUTUONG.png')
axes('units', 'normalized',...
'Position',[0.06 0.75 0.2 0.2],...
'BusyAction','Queue','Interruptible','off',...
'Ydir', 'reverse',...
'Xlim', [.5 128.5],...
'Ylim', [.5 128.5],...
'Clim',[0 1],...
'Xtick',[],'Ytick',[],...
'Box','on');
imshow(I);
%------------------------nut thoat----------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'Backgroundcolor','r',...
'foregroundcolor','y',...
'FontSize',13,...
'String','THOAT',...
'position',[250 25 100 50],...
'ToolTipString','VE CUA SO LENH',...
'Callback','thoat');
%----------------------nut tiep tuc-----------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'String','TIEP TUC',...
'position',[620 25 100 50],...
'ToolTipString','Continue',...
'Callback','giaodientaonut');
Trang 85
3.2 GIAO DIN TO NT

% truong DHDL VAN HIEN
% chuong trinh tao giao dien
clear all;
hh=figure;
set(hh,'menuBar','non','numbertitle','off',...
'name',' DO AN TOT NGHIEP',...
'position',[4 20 700 450],'color',[1 1 1]);
axis off;
% nap anh len backgroud
% nap mot anh voi ten file hung.jpeg
%--------------------------------------whitebg([1 0.8 1]);
[x,map]=imread('nen2','jpeg');
image(x)
colormap(map)
axis image,
set(gca,'XTick',[ ],'YTick',[ ])
axis off;
%-------------------------------------% tao text
t7=text(850,40,'E TAI:');
Trang 86
t8=text(850,150,'MO PHONG MACH DAO ONG');

t9=text(850,270,'BANG MATLAB');
% TAO TEXT GVHD: THS PHAN TH CHIEU MY
'position',[105 95 520 40],...
'string','GVHD: ThS. PHAN TH CHIEU MY',...
'fontname','VNI-Times',...
'fontsize',18,...
'foregroundcolor',[0 0 0.1],...
'backgroundcolor',[1 1 0.3],...
'fontweight','bold');
'position',[105 55 520 40],...
'string','SVTH: NGUYEN TAN PHAT',...
'fontsize',18,...
'backgroundcolor',[1 0 0.6],...
%----------------------------------------%t6=text(850,40,'DE TAI');
set(t7,...
'color','g',...
'fontsize',22,...
'fontweight','bold',...
'VerticalAlignment','middle');
%-----------------------------------------%t7=text(850,150,'MACH DAO DONG');
set(t8,...
'color','r',...
'fontsize',26,...
%-----------------------------------------%t8=text(850,270,'BANG NGON NGU MATLAP');
set(t9,...
'color','R',...
'fontsize',26,...
Trang 87
%-----------------------------------------% tao nut CLOSE
uicontrol( 'style','push',...
'position',[3 60 100 30],...
'string','close',...
'fontsize',16,...
'backgroundcolor',[1 0 0],...
'foregroundcolor',[1 1 0],...
'callback','close',...
%---------------------------------------%tao nut tinh MACH DAO DONG CAUWIEN
uicontrol('style','push',...
'position',[3 140 100 25],...
'string','mach cau wien ',...
'fontsize',16,...
'backgroundcolor',[0 0.6 0],...
'callback','giaodiencauwien');
%-------------------------------------%tao nut tinh MACH SOM PHA
'position',[3 115 100 25],...
'string','mach som pha ',...
'fontsize',16,...
'callback','giaodiensompha');
%------------------------------------%tao nut tinh MACH T DOI
'position',[3 90 100 25],...
'string','mach T doi ',...
'fontsize',16,...
Trang 88
'callback','giaodienTdoi');
3.3 THIT K GIAO DIN MCH DAO NG CU WIEN

close all
clc
clear all
nen=figure('name','GIAO DIEN THIET KE MACH CAU WIEN ',...
'color','r',...
'numbertitle','off',...
'position',[5 20 1024 720]);
%----------------------load hinh nen---------------------axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],...
'XTick',[],...
'YTick',[],...
'Xlim',[0 4],...
%gioi han truc x trong doan [0 4]
'Ylim',[0 4],...
%gioi han truc y trong doan [0 4]
'Box','on');
imshow('nen6.jpg');
Trang 89
%--------------------------------------------------------t8=text(500,50,'THIET KE MACH DAO ONG CAU WIEN');

%t7=text(250,220,'MACH DD CAU WIEN');
set(t8,...
'color','r',...
'fontsize',25,...
%--------------------tan so mong muon------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'String','TAN SO MONG MUON',...
'position',[200 500 300 30]);
f= uicontrol('style','edit',...
'Backgroundcolor','c',...
'foregroundcolor','k',...
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 500 100 30]);
'Backgroundcolor','y',...
'string','Hz',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[620 500 50 30]);
% ---------------------TINH KET QUA-----------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'Backgroundcolor','BLACK',...
'foregroundcolor','Y',...
'FontSize',13,...
'String','TNH KET QUA',...
Trang 90
'position',[270 440 170 30],...

'Callback','tinhtoancauwien');
%--------------------CHON GIA TRI TU--------uicontrol('style','text',...
'Backgroundcolor','b',...
'foregroundcolor','w',...
'FontSize',15,...
'String','CHON GIA TR TU',...
'position',[200 380 300 30]);
c=uicontrol('style','edit',...
'string','0',....
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 380 100 30],...
'callback','');
'string','F',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 380 50 30]);
% ------------------CHON GIA TRI DIEN TRO--------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'string','IEN TR CAN S DUNG LA ',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 320 300 30]);
r=uicontrol('style','edit',...
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
Trang 91
'position',[510 320 100 30],...

'callback','');
uicontrol('style','edit',...
'string','ohm',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 320 50 30]);
% --------------------TAN SO CAT------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'Backgroundcolor','m',...
'FontSize',15,...
'String','TAN SO CAT',...
'position',[200 260 300 30]);
fc=uicontrol('style','edit',...
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 260 100 30],...
'callback','');
'string','rad/s',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 260 50 30]);
% --------------------HE SO HOI TIEP------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'String','HE SO HOI TIEP',...
Trang 92
'position',[200 200 300 30]);

b=uicontrol('style','edit',...
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 200 100 30],...
'callback','');
% ----------------------THOAT----------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'foregroundcolor','black',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[500 80 100 40],...
% ---------NUT TIEP TUC--------------------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[300 80 100 40],...
'Callback','machdaodongcauwien');
% --------------------NUT TRO VE---------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'String','TR VE',...
'position',[100 80 100 40],...
Trang 93
'ToolTipString','Exit Figure',...
'Callback','giaodienchinhdd');
3.3.1Tnh ton mch dao ng cu wien

giatridientro=get(r,'string');
giatritanso=get(f,'string');
giatritu=get(c,'string');
giatritansocat=get(fc,'string');
giatrihesohoitiep=get(b,'string');
%-----------------------------------------giatridientro = str2num(giatridientro);
giatritanso = str2num(giatritanso);
giatritu = str2num(giatritu);
giatritansocat = str2num(giatritansocat);
giatrihesohoitiep = str2num(giatrihesohoitiep);
%-----------------------------------------giatridientro =1/(2*pi*giatritanso*giatritu);
giatritansocat=1/(giatritu*giatridientro);
giatrihesohoitiep=1/(9+[(giatritansocat*giatridientro*giatritu)(1/(giatritansocat*giatridientro*giatritu))].^2);
%-----------------------------------------CHNG III: NG DNG MATLAB M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC
Trang 94
giatridientro =num2str(giatridientro);
giatritanso =num2str(giatritanso);
giatritu =num2str(giatritu);
giatritansocat =num2str(giatritansocat);
giatrihesohoitiep =num2str(giatrihesohoitiep);
%----------------------------------------set(r,'string',giatridientro);
set(f,'string',giatritanso);
set(c,'string',giatritu);
set(fc,'string',giatritansocat);
set(b,'string',giatrihesohoitiep);
3.3.2 V s mch dao ng cu wien
close all;
clc;
clear all;
%----------------------------------------R=input('xin nhap gia tri R=');
C=input('xin nhap gia tri C=');
%tan so dao dong
f=1/(2*pi*R*C);
w=2*pi*f
a=1/(w*R*C);
A=1/(9+[(1/a)-a].^2)
B=abs(A);
goc=(atan((-1/a)+a)) /3
string=[' Vay mach se dao dong tai tan so dao dong: ' num2str(f)]
string=[' co do lech pha bang ' num2str(goc)]
string=[ ' He so hoi tiep ' num2str(B)]
tu=[0 R*C 1];
mau=[(R.^2)*(C.^2) 3*R*C 1];
G=tf(tu,mau)
subplot(221)
bode(G)
subplot(222)
STEP(G)
subplot(223)
nyquist(G)
subplot(224)
impulse(G)
%---------------------------------pause(10)
Trang 95
% tao nut close

'position',[600 350 230 30],...
'fontsize',9.5,...
'fontname','VNI-Time',...
'callback','giaodienchinhdd');
kt qu:
Xin nhp gi tr R = 159
Xin nhp gi tr C = 0.000001
3.4 THIT K GIAO DIN MCH DAO NG SM PHA

close all
Trang 96
clc
clear all
nen=figure('name','GIAO DIEN THIET KE MACH SOM PHA ',...
'color','r',...
'position',[5 20 1024 720]);
'XTick',[],...
'YTick',[],...
'Xlim',[0 4],...
'Ylim',[0 4],...
'Box','on');
imshow('nen6.jpg');
%--------------------------------------------------------t8=text(500,50,'THIET KE MACH DAO ONG SM PHA');
%t7=text(250,220,'MACH DD SOM PHA');
set(t8,...
'color','r',...
'fontsize',25,...
%--------------------TAN SO MONG MUON------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 500 300 30]);
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 500 100 30]);
Trang 97
'string','Hz',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[620 500 50 30]);
%---------------------TINH KET QUA-----------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[270 440 170 30],...
'Callback','tinhtoansompha');
%--------------------CHON GIA TRI TU---------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 380 300 30]);
'string','0',....
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 380 100 30],...
'callback','');
'string','F',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 380 50 30]);
Trang 98
%------------------CHON GIA TRI DIEN TRO---------------uicontrol('style','text',...

'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 320 300 30]);
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 320 100 30],...
'callback','');
'string','ohm',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 320 50 30]);
%--------------------TAN SO CAT------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 260 300 30]);
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 260 100 30],...
'callback','');
Trang 99
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 260 50 30]);
%--------------------HE SO HOI TIEP------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 200 300 30]);
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[520 200 100 30],...
'callback','');
%----------------------THOAT----------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[500 80 100 40],...
%------NUT TIEP TUC---------------------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
Trang 100
'position',[300 80 100 40],...
'Callback','machdaodongsompha');
%--------------------NUT TRO VE---------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[100 80 100 40],...
3.4.1 Tnh ton mch dao ng sm pha

Trang 101
Trang 102
%--------------------------------------------------giatridientro = str2num(giatridientro);
%--------------------------------------------------giatridientro =1/(2*pi*(sqrt(6))*giatritanso*giatritu);
giatritansocat=2*pi*giatritanso;
giatrihesohoitiep=1/(1-5*[(1/giatritansocat*giatridientro*giatritu).^2])i*(1/giatritansocat*giatridientro*giatritu)*(6[(1/giatritansocat*giatridientro*giatritu).^2]);
%--------------------------------------------------giatridientro =num2str(giatridientro);
%-------------------------------------------------set(r,'string',giatridientro);
3.4.2 V biu mch dao ng sm pha
close all;
clc;
clear all;
%-------------------------------------R=input('xin nhap gia tri R=');
%tan so dao dong
f=1/(2*pi*(sqrt(6))*R*C);
A=1/((1-5*[(1/2*pi*f*R*C).^2])-i*(1/2*pi*f*R*C)*(6-[(1/2*pi*f*R*C).^2]));
B=abs(A);
goc=atan((1/2*pi*f*R*C)*6-[(1/2*pi*f*R*C).^2])/(1-5*[(1/2*pi*f*R*C).^2])

string=[' He so hoi tiep ' num2str(B)]
tu=[R.^3*C.^3];
mau=[R.^3*C.^3 3*R.^2.*C.^2 3*R*C 1];
G=tf(tu,mau)
subplot(221)
bode(G)
subplot(222)
STEP(G)
subplot(223)
nyquist(G)
subplot(224)
impulse(G)
% --------------------------------------pause(10)
%tao nut close
'position',[600 350 230 30],...
'fontsize',9.5,...
kt qu:
Trang 103
3.5 THIT K GIAO DIN MCH DAO NG CU T I

close all
clc
clear all
nen=figure('name','GIAO DIEN THIET KE MACH T DOI ',...
'color','r',...
'position',[5 20 1024 720]);
'XTick',[],...
'YTick',[],...
'Xlim',[0 4],...
'Ylim',[0 4],...
'Box','on');
imshow('nen6.jpg');
Trang 104
%--------------------------------------------------------t8=text(500,50,'THIET KE MACH DAO ONG T OI');

%t7=text(250,220,'MACH DD T DOI');
set(t8,...
'color','r',...
'fontsize',25,...
%--------------------TAN SO MONG MUON------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 500 300 30]);
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 500 100 30]);
'string','Hz',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[620 500 50 30]);
%---------------------TINH KET QUA-----------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
Trang 105
'position',[270 440 170 30],...

'Callback','tinhtoanTdoi');
%--------------------CHON GIA TRI TU--------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 380 300 30]);
'string','0',....
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 380 100 30],...
'callback','');
'string','F',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 380 50 30]);
%------------------CHON GIA TRI DIEN TRO--------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 320 300 30]);
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
Trang 106
'position',[510 320 100 30],...

'callback','');
'string','ohm',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 320 50 30]);
%--------------------TAN SO CAT------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[200 260 300 30]);
'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 260 100 30],...
'callback','');
'FontSize',15,...
'position',[620 260 50 30]);
%--------------------HE SO HOI TIEP------------------uicontrol('style','text',...
'FontSize',15,...
Trang 107
'position',[200 200 300 30]);

'string','0',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[510 200 100 30],...
'callback','');
%----------------------THOAT----------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[500 80 100 40],...
%------NUT TIEP TUC-----------------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[300 80 100 40],...
'Callback','machdaodongTdoi');
%--------------------NUT TRO VE---------------uicontrol('style','Pushbutton',...
'FontSize',13,...
'position',[100 80 100 40],...
Trang 108
3.5.1 Tnh ton mch dao ng cu T i

%--------------------------------------------giatridientro = str2num(giatridientro);
%--------------------------------------------giatridientro =1/(2*pi*giatritanso*giatritu);
giatritansocat=1/(giatritu*giatridientro);
Trang 109
giatrihesohoitiep=(([(1/giatritansocat*giatridientro*giatritu).^2]1)/([(1/giatritansocat*giatridientro*giatritu).^2]1)+i*4*(1/giatritansocat*giatridientro*giatritu));
%--------------------------------------------giatridientro =num2str(giatridientro);
%--------------------------------------------set(r,'string',giatridientro);
3.5.2 V biu Mch dao ng cu T i
close all;
clc;
clear all;
%-------------------------------------R=input('xin nhap gia tri R=');
%tan so dao dong
w=1/(R*C);
f=1/(2*pi*R*C);
a=1/(w*R*C);
A=(a.^2-1)/(a.^2-1)+(i*4*a)
B=abs(A);
goc=atan(4*a)/(1-(a.^2))
string=[' He so hoi tiep ' num2str(B)]
tu=[-R.^2*C.^2 4*R*C 1];
mau=[-R.^2*C.^2 3*R*C 1];
G=tf(tu,mau)
subplot(221)
bode(G)
subplot(222)
STEP(G)
subplot(223)
nyquist(G)
Trang 110
subplot(224)
impulse(G)
%--------------------------------------pause(10)
% tao nut close
'position',[600 350 230 30],...
'fontsize',9.5,...
kt qu:
Trang 111
Trang 110
TI LIU THAM KHO

1.MCH IN T 2 - Nguyn Tn Phc, nh xut bn Hng c 2008.
2.IN T THNG TIN Phm Hng Lin, nh xut bn i Hc Quc Gia TP H
Ch Minh.
3. N TT NGHIP Nguyn Th Diu Hin, kho 07 Khoa in T Vin Thng
Trng i Hc Vn Hin.
4.Chng trnh matlab 2009a.
5.www.dientu.net
TI LIU THAM KHO
Sinh vin thc hin: NGUYN TN PHT

in thoi lin lc: 01656174552
Email: phat_38@yahoo.com
TI LIU THAM KHO
Trang 111

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B GIO DC V O TO

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC

TP.H Ch Minh-Thng 7-2011

TP.HCM, ngythng nm 2011

TP.H Ch Minh, ngythngnm 2011

1.3.2 Mch dao ng cu Wien: (wien bridge oscillators) ............................... 11

2.1.1 Nhp mt vect ....................................................................................... 47

2.4.2.3 Ygird .......................................................................................... 67

3.4 THIT K GIAO DIN MCH DAO NG SM PHA ......................... 96

Hnh 3.1: khuch i o v h thng hi tip......................................................... 4

Hnh 4.9: Mch dao ng Hartley ............................................................................ 27

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Theo nh lut Ohm, in p trn in tr:

Nh vy: in p VR v dng in i trng pha.

Nh vy: in p VL sm pha hn dng in i 90

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

So snh hai biu thc (1) v (3) ta thy

t in v c gi l dung khng Xc.

1.3 MCH DAO NG SIN TN S THP

Nu pha ca vf lch 1800 so vi vs ta c hi tip m.

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Trng hp c bit Av = 1 c gi l chun c Barkausen (Barkausen

Hnh 3.1: khuch i o v h thng hi tip

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Hnh 3.2: Mch dao ng dch pha

Hnh 3.3: Khi hi tip dao ng dch pha

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

mch lch pha 1800:

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Thay 0 vo biu thc ca ta tm c:

1.3.1.2 Mch dch pha dng op-amp

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Hnh 3.4: Mch dao ng dch pha dng op-amp

Nu iu kin trn khng tha mn th ngoi R v C, tn s dao ng s cn ty

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Hnh 3.5: Mch dao ng dch pha dng FET

Hnh 3.6: Mch dao ng dch pha dng BJT

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Hnh 3.7: Khi hi tip ca dao ng dch pha dng BJT

Thng ngi ta thm mt tng khuch i m cc thu chung ti khng

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Hnh 3.8: Mch dao ng cu wien

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

Trong mch c bn hnh 3.8a, ta ch :

li ny mch dao ng. Khi in th nh ca tn hiu ngang qua R4

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB

mt in tr R5 (nh hnh v) iu chnh li ca mch sao cho bin dng t

Hnh 3.9: Mch dao ng cu wien dng diode

Ta xem mch hnh 3.10

CHNG I: MCH DAO NG RLC

M PHNG MCH DAO NG RLC BNG MATLAB