BT Chung Da Cau Tu - Nha

Bi tp chng ct a cu t
Bi ton 1 :
xheptane
0.08
0.18
0.25
0.49
0.65
0.79
0.91
1.0
yheptane
0.28
0.43
0.51
0.73
0.83
0.90
0.96
1.0
Hl (kJ/kmol) x 10-3
24.3
24.1
23.2
22.8
22.05
21.75
21.7
21.6
21.4
Hv (kJ/kmol) x 10-3
61.2
59.6
58.5
58.1
56.5
55.2
54.4
53.8
53.3
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bi lm
MHeptane = 100
MEthyl benzene = 106
MA = 0.42*100 + 0.58*106 = 103,42

,42 = 9.6693 kmol/hr
SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A
Page 1
Gian x-y
1
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
x
Gian H-x-y
100
90
80
70
60
50
H, kJ/kmol.10-3
40
30
20
10
0
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
x-y
Page 2
zA = 0.42
hA = 22.3*103 kJ/kmol (
- -
xD = 0.97
hD = 21.537*103 kJ/kmol
- -
xR = 0.01
hR = 24.276*103 kJ/kmol
- -
1.
E,
R
QC
E, LA,
VA, PR QC
A,
VA
VA,
QC).
- -
-y.
4
xA
*
A
67
VA (0.67; 56.897*103)
Q'C = 98.439*103 (kJ/kmol)

PE = -34.4537*103 (kJ/kmol)
H1 = 53.705*103 (kJ/kmol)
-x-y)
-x-y)
Q 'c H1
H1 hD
Rmin
2.
-x-y)
98,439 53,705
1,391
53,705 21,537
Page 3
7.
Gian x-y
1
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
3.
Q' c 53,705
2,5
53,705 21,537
Q'C = 134.12*103 (kJ/kmol)
Page 4
-xy:
Gian x-y
1
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
Page 5
7
4. C
A = 9.664 (kmol/hr)
:
A=D+R
A.zA = D.xD + R.xR
9,664 D R
9,664.0,42 0,97.D 0,01.R
Suy ra :
D = 4.127 (kmol/hr)
R = 5.537 (kmol/hr)
:
A.hA = D.Q'C + R.QR
9.664.22,3.103 = 4,127.134,12.103 + 5.537.QR

QR = -61.057*103 (kJ/kmol)
Ta c :
Q'C = hD + QC / D
QR = hR QR / R
134,12.103 = 21,537.103 + QC / 4,1272

Page 6
QC = 496,711.103 (kJ/hr) = 137,98 (kW)
-61.057.103 = 24,27584.103 QR / 5,537
QR = 472,445.103 (kJ/hr) = 131,23 (kW)
C
: QC = 137,98 (kW)
: QR = 131,23 (kW)
Page 7
Bi ton 2 C
sau:
ASTM
T (oC)
1. Xy d
2. Xy d
PI
215
n GO c d = 0.870 v b
10%
225
30%
240
50%
265
70%
280
t ASTM
90%
295
PF
320
ng cong TBP
ng cong FC
Bi lm
1. Xy d
ng cong TBP:
Ta c :
T50 = 265o T50(TBP-ASTM) = 11oC
50(TBP)
= 265 + 11 = 276 oC
T50-70(ASTM)= 280 265 = 15 oC
50-70(TBP)
70(TBP)
= 22oC
= 276 + 22 = 298oC
T70-90(ASTM)= 295 280 = 15 oC
70-90(TBP)
90(TBP)
= 19oC
= 298 + 19 = 317 oC
T90-PF(ASTM)= 320 295 = 25 oC
90-PF(TBP)
PF(TBP)
= 27oC
= 317 + 27 = 344 oC
T30-50(ASTM)= 265 240 = 25 oC
30-50(TBP)
30(TBP)
= 36oC
= 276 - 36 = 240 oC
T10-30(ASTM)= 240 225 = 15 oC
10-30(TBP)
10(TBP)
= 27oC
= 240 - 27 = 213 oC
Page 8
TPI-10(ASTM)= 225 215 = 10 oC
PI-10(TBP)
PI(TBP)
= 22oC
= 213 - 22 = 191oC
T k t qu tnh ta c b ng sau :
TBP
o
C
PI
191
2. Xy d
10%
213
30%
240
50%
276
70%
298
90%
317
PF
344
ng cong FC:
Ta c :
T50(ASTM) = 265oC v T30 T10 = 15oC
50(FC-ASTM)
50(FC)
= 12oC
= 265 + 12 = 277 oC
T50-70(ASTM)= 15 oC
50-70(FC-ASTM)
70(FC)
= 7oC
= 277 +7 = 284oC
T70-90(ASTM)= 15 oC
70-90(FC-ASTM)
90(FC)
= 6oC
= 284 + 6 = 290oC
T90-PF(ASTM)= 25 oC
90-PF(FC-ASTM)
PF(FC)
= 8oC
= 290 + 8 = 298oC
T30-50(ASTM)= 25 oC
30-50(FC-ASTM)
30(FC)
= 14oC
= 277 - 14 = 263oC
T10-30(ASTM)= 15 oC
10-30(FC-ASTM)
= 8oC
Page 9
10(FC)
= 263 - 8 = 255oC
TPI-10(ASTM)= 10 oC
0-10(FC-ASTM)
= 3oC
0(FC) = 255 - 3 = 252oC

T cc k t qu
c ta c b ng sau :
FC
o
C
PI%
252
Ta c b ng t ng k
10%
255
30%
263
50%
277
70%
284
90%
290
PF%
298
ng cong:
PI%
10%
30%
50%
70%
90%
PF%
ASTM (oC)
215
225
240
265
280
295
320
TBP (oC)
191
213
240
276
298
317
344
FC (oC)
252
255
263
277
284
290
298
T (oC)
Xy d
th t
ng cong trn:
ng cong chng ct ca GO
345
325
305
285
ASTM
265
TBP
245
FC
225
205
185
0
20
40
60
80
100
%V
Page 10
Bi ton 3: Ti
n h n h p sau
C ut
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
(mol)
8
22
14
24
o
Bi t nhi
nh p li u l 65 C
Yu c u v s n ph m:
N
propan s n ph
Pentan ph
c s n ph
pentan trong h n h p
X
nh Nmin v Rmin
X
nh s b c l thuy t N theo R h p l:
p su t 10atm
iC5
10
t l 99% t
nC5
22
ng
Bi lm
1. Chu n b d ki n v cc gi thi t:
-Chn c u t kha
+C u t kha nh CV: C3
+C u t kha nng CL: iC5
-Gi thi t s phn b n
+C2 khng c
+iC4 l c u t trung gian nh, phn b
+nC4 l c u t trung gian nng, phn b
+C5 t ng (nC5 +iC5) phn b
nh nhi
u
u cho hai c u t
bi, ta c:
C
C
5( R )
0,99
5( A)
5(A)
= 32 (mol)
5(R)
= 31,68 (mol)
Gi x l s mol C3(R).
Ta gi s : thnh ph n iC4 v nC4 phn b
iC4(R) = 5(mol), iC4(D) = 9(mol)
nC4(R) = 12(mol), nC4(D) = 12(mol)
Page 11
4(R)
= 17 (mol)
x C5( R ) C 4 ( R )
0,01
x 0,492(mol )
L i c: C5 t ng (nC5 +iC5) phn b

ph n c a iC5 v nC5
c phn b
iC5(D) = nC5(D) =
u cho hai c u t , nn thnh
0,01
0,01
. C5( A)
.32 0,16(mol)
2
2
iC5(R) = 10 0,16 = 9,84 (mol)

nC5(R) = 22 0,16 = 21,84 (mol)
B ng gi thi t phn b n
Nguyn li u
S n ph
nh
S n ph
C ut
Mol
Ph n mol
Mol
Ph n mol
Mol
Ph n mol
C2(V)
8,00
0,08
8,00
0,157
0,00
0,00
C3(CV)
22
0,22
21,51
0,423
0,492
0,01
iC4(iV)
14
0,14
0,177
5,00
0,102
nC4(iL)
24
0,24
12
0,236
12
0,244
iC5(CL)
10
0,1
0,16
0,003
9,84
0,2
nC5(L)
22
0,22
0,16
0,003
21,84
0,444
T ng
100
50,83
49,18
i
L y gi tr trung bnh t i 3 v
T i m i v tr c n bi t nhi
i
p li u
,t
h ng s cn b ng pha v tnh
Ch : tnh theo c u t kha nng iC5

Page 12
Page 13
T
nh thp:
Nhi
nh l nhi
ah nh
Nhi
yi=xiD
0,157
C ut
C2(V)
gi thi t l nhi
Ki
4,4
nh
o
xi=yi/Ki
0,036
C
iD=Ki/KCL
16,296
C3(CV)
0,423
1,55
0,273
5,741
iC4(iV)
0,177
0,74
0,239
2,741
nC4(iL)
0,236
0,56
0,422
2,074
iC5(CL)
0,003
0,27
0,012
nC5(L)
T ng
0,003
1
0,21
0,015
0,996
0,778
Nhi
C ut
m si c a h n h
Nhi
gi thi t l nhi
m si t=102 oC
yi=xiR
Ki
yi=xi.Ki
iR=Ki/KCL
C2(V)
7,2
9,231
C3(CV)
0,01
3,05
0,030
3,91
iC4(iV)
0,102
1,71
0,174
2,192
nC4(iL)
0,244
1,42
0,347
1,821
iC5(CL)
0,2
0,78
0,156
nC5(L)
0,444
0,67
0,298
0,859
T ng
1,005
Page 14
T
p li u:
n p li u theo gi thi t l 65 oC
Nhi
T i nhi
C ut
ny ta tnh % b
Zi
cn b ng pha
Gi s V=25% t i t=65 oc
Ki
1+Ki/3
Li=100.Zi/(1+Ki/3) Xi
C2(V)
0,08
5,2
2,733
2,927
0,039
13,684
C3(CV)
0,22
1,95
1,65
13,333
0,178
5,132
iC4(iV)
0,14
0,93
1,31
10,687
0,143
2,447
nC4(iL)
0,24
0,76
1,253
19,149
0,256
2,00
iC5(CL)
0,1
0,38
1,127
8,876
0,118
1,00
nC5(L)
0,22
0,31
1,103
19,94
0,266
0,816
T ng
74,911
B ng t ng k t s li
C ut
iD
iR
C2(V)
13,684
16,296
9,2311
12,721
C3(CV)
5,132
5,741
3,91
4,866
iC4(iV)
2,447
2,741
2,192
2,45
nC4(iL)
2,074
1,821
1,962
iC5(CL)
nC5(L)
0,816
0,778
0,859
0,817
2. X
nh Nmin theo cng th c Fenske:
Ki m tra gi thi t phn b n

t ng c u t khc nhau
b ng cch gi i h
t cho
Page 15
Gi a l s mol iC5 trong s n ph
nh thp, ta c
C ut
nh
iC5(mol)
10-a
nC5(mol)
0,32-a
21,68+a
Cng th
c vi d
i d ng
xiD x jR
( ij ) N min
x jD xiR
Vi t cng th c Fenske l n
t cho cc cp c u t sau:
+C3 v iC5:
21,5 10 a
(4,866) N min
0,5
a
+C3 v nC5:
21,5 21,68 a
4,866 N min
(
)
0,5 0,32 a
0,82
Gi i h ta c: Nmin = 4,931, a= 0,176
C ut
nh
iC5(mol)
nC5(mol)
0,176
0,144
Gi b l s mol C2
9,824
21,856
nh,vi t cng th c Fenske cho C2 v iC5
b 9,824
(12,721) 4,9206
8 b 0,176
Gi
c b =7,998
Gi c l s mol iC4
nh ,vi t cng th c Fenske cho iC4 v iC5
Page 16
c
9,824
(2,450) 4,9206
14 c 0,176
Gi i ra
c c = 8,365
Gi d l s mol c a nC4
nh,vi t cng th c Fenske cho nC4 v iC5
d
9,824
(1,962) 4,9206
24 d 0,176
Gi
c d= 7,962
B ng phn b n
C ut
C2(V)
C3(CV)
iC4(iV)
nC4(iL)
iC5(CL)
nC5(L)
T ng
Nguyn li u
Mol
Ph n mol
8
0,08
22
0,22
14
0,14
24
0,24
10
0,1
22
0,22
100
1
S n ph
Mol
7,998
21,508
8,365
7,962
0,176
0,144
46,154
nh
Ph n mol
0,173
0,466
0,181
0,173
0,004
0,003
1
S n ph
Mol
0,002
0,492
5,635
16,038
9,824
21,856
53,846
Ph n mol
0
0,009
0,105
0,298
0,182
0,406
1
S sai khc gia k t qu tnh ton v i gi thi t phn b n

u khng
l n l m tr
ng h p c a nC4
l c u t trung gian, ta khng c yu
c u cht ch . Mt khc gi tr phn b n
k
i
k nhi
si c a h n h p t
nh v t
y c
th s d ng s li u phn b n
v gi tr
c m khng c n ph i
tnh lp l i.
3.Tnh t s h
li
t i thi u Rmin:
S d ng cng th c Maxwell tnh Rmin

ng h p bin c a tr ng thi n p
R
ng v i h n h p nguyn li u
Nh p li u d ng l ng: c u t nh
C2 = 8% => Nh p li u 8%
Nh p li u d
u t kha nh
92% l ng
u t n
nC5 = 22% => Nh p li u 78%

u t kha nng l pha l ng

%
ng
Page 17
Tnh cc gi tr l:
C ut
Zi
C2(V)
0,08
12,721
C3(CV)
0,22
iC4(iV)
Nh p li u d ng l ng
%b
%b
0,063
0,063
4,866
2,2
0,452
0,14
2,45
1,4
nC4(iL)
0,24
1,962
0,917
0,37
iC5(CL)
0,1
nC5(L)
0,22
0,817
Nh p li u d
78
0,571
nh Rmin cho tr ng thi n p li u d ng l ng:
4,866.2,2 1 0,467
Rmin 8% 1
0,004
4,866 1 2,2
12,721
(0,174 0,063.0,004)
12,721 1
2,45
(0,181 1,4.0,004)
2,45 1
1,962
0,467
(
0,172)
4,866 1,962 0,917
0,817
0,467
(
0,003)
4,866 0,817
1
1,4368
Rmin 8% 0,4368
X
nh Rmin cho tr ng thi n p li u d ng
Page 18
4,866.0,452 1 0,467
Rmin 78% 1
0,004
4,866 1 0,452
12,721
(0,174 0,063.0,004)
12,721 1
2,45
(0,181 0,571.0,004)
2,45 1
1,962
0,467
(
0,172)
4,866 1,962 0,370
0,817
0,467
(
0,003)
4,866 0,817 1
2,161
Rmin 78% 1,169
X
nh Rmin cho tr ng thi n p li u th c t v i 25% b
Rmin 25% 0,4368
(1,1717 0,4368).(25 8)
(78 8)
Rmin 25% 0,6153

X
nh s b c l thuy t N theo R h p l:
Gi s R
fR =
c gi tr fR theo cng th c
R - R min
R 1
T fR
th c a Gilliland:
Page 19
N N min
N 1
c
f ( N ) N min
N
1 f (N )
f (N )
Ta
c b ng s li u sau:
R
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
R - Rmin
0.187
0.387
0.587
0.787
0.987
1.187
1.387
fR
0.104
0.193
0.267
0.328
0.379
0.424
0.462
f(N)
0.5
0.44
0.39
0.35
0.33
0.31
0.25
f(N) + Nmin
5.431
5.371
5.321
5.281
5.261
5.241
5.181
N
10.862
9.591
8.723
8.124
7.852
7.595
6.908
N.(R+1)
19.55
19.18
19.19
19.50
20.42
21.27
20.72
Page 20
th : N.(R+1) - N
N.(R+1)
Chn N ti u
21.50
21.00
20.50
Chn N ti u
20.00
19.50
19.00
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
10.000
11.000
th , chn N = 9
N.(R+1) = 19,2 => R = 1,133
Page 21

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Bi tp chng ct a cu t

MA = 0.42*100 + 0.58*106 = 103,42

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

Q'C = 98.439*103 (kJ/kmol)

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

Q'C = 134.12*103 (kJ/kmol)

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

9,664.0,42 0,97.D 0,01.R

9.664.22,3.103 = 4,127.134,12.103 + 5.537.QR

134,12.103 = 21,537.103 + QC / 4,1272

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

T50-70(ASTM)= 280 265 = 15 oC

T70-90(ASTM)= 295 280 = 15 oC

T90-PF(ASTM)= 320 295 = 25 oC

T30-50(ASTM)= 265 240 = 25 oC

T10-30(ASTM)= 240 225 = 15 oC

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

0(FC) = 255 - 3 = 252oC

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

L i c: C5 t ng (nC5 +iC5) phn b

u cho hai c u t , nn thnh

iC5(R) = 10 0,16 = 9,84 (mol)

Ch : tnh theo c u t kha nng iC5

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

nh Nmin theo cng th c Fenske:

Ki m tra gi thi t phn b n

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

nh,vi t cng th c Fenske cho C2 v iC5

nh ,vi t cng th c Fenske cho iC4 v iC5

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

nh,vi t cng th c Fenske cho nC4 v iC5

S sai khc gia k t qu tnh ton v i gi thi t phn b n

S d ng cng th c Maxwell tnh Rmin

nC5 = 22% => Nh p li u 78%

u t kha nng l pha l ng

nh Rmin cho tr ng thi n p li u d ng l ng:

nh Rmin cho tr ng thi n p li u d ng

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

nh Rmin cho tr ng thi n p li u th c t v i 25% b

Rmin 25% 0,4368

Rmin 25% 0,6153

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

N.(R+1) = 19,2 => R = 1,133

SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Nha Lp 08H5A

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MA = 0.42100 + 0.58106 = 103,42