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Material Science and Metallurgy Seminar

Fibre with diameter in nanometre range. Polymers are processed into nanofibres of 50 to 1000 nanometres in diameter, several orders of magnitude smaller than conventional fibre spinning. Provide new and improved functionalities than conventional fibres.

Material Science and Metallurgy

Material Science and Metallurgy

Electrospinning - accessible method to create polymer nanofibrous media Applications where performance can be improved multifold times. Wide range of applications, from tissue engineering to sound absorptive materials. Properties change as we go from macro to nano level

Material Science and Metallurgy

Inexpensive and easy way to produce nanofibres from wide range of polymers. Uses electrostatic forces to form fine filaments.

Material Science and Metallurgy

Material Science and Metallurgy

High Voltage is applied to create electrically charged solution

Spun through capillary forms Taylor cone produce fine fibres Solidifies when polymer solvent evaporates forms interlinked fiber layer on collector.

Material Science and Metallurgy

Material Science and Metallurgy

Processing Conditions
Applied Voltage Feed rate Needle Dia. Distance b/w Needle & Collector

Solution Properties
Viscosity Polymer Concentration Weight of Polymers Conductivity Elasticity Surface tension

PARAMETERS
Temperature Humidity Pressure

Ambient Conditions

Material Science and Metallurgy

Particle size decreases no. of atoms at surface increases. Surface effects become prominent. Surface area Volume ratio is very high. Applications 1.More reactive sites exposed. 2.High adsorption surface.

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Fewer defects in the form of voids Better mechanical properties than micron fibres when processed similarly.

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Fine diameter High degree of light scattering (e.g. : Electrospun carbon black) Possible to obtain transparent composites. (fibre dia. < of visible light) Excellent optical polarizers.

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Light weight Flexibility Permeability Strength Toughness Difficulty in achieving precise nanofibres deposition Hence deposited around a core filament

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Can be done without core usage- Poly acrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibres, reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT). Flame, Chemical and Environmental protections are areas of research.

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Material Science and Metallurgy

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Carbon Nanofibres after burn test retain their structure can pave way for flame resistance materials and apparels.

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Electrospun mats made of nanofibres have very small pore sizes, but total porosity is very high. These 2 impart high filtration efficiency. Commercially developed for industrial air filters. Efficiency can be increased by surface modifications of nanofibres. Laid over a filtration medium substrate for support

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Lycopodium Bacteria caught in the nanofibre mesh over the substrate. It can pass through the substrate but, not through the nanofibre mesh.
Material Science and Metallurgy

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Devices in which recognition devices are nanosized Nanolevel property changes increased sensitivity and resolution levels.

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Material Science and Metallurgy

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Nanofibrous layer is applied to basic fibrous layer by electrospinning Better acoustical performane Suitable candidate for noise reduction

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Incorporation of a new type of molecules called metal organic polyhedra and metal organic frameworks onto polymeric nanofibres Trap dangerous gases ,then decompose them and capture them for further decontamination

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Faster / more effective healing Biodegradability Nanofibre structures match tissue structures cells grow as in natural environment Hospital personnel protection against infection higher efficiency than traditional materials Much smaller amount of drug required for the same medical effect

Material Science and Metallurgy

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The small pores doesnt allow the microbes to penetrate the dressing and infect wounds better healing, in contrast to normal wound dressings

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Bioactive glass is used to regenerate bone tissue. The laser spinning makes the material flexible, continuous and gives it a nanometric structure, which helps in the proliferation and spread of bone cells.

Nanoglass fibre for bone tissue regeneration

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Polymer nanofibre membrane capture chemical warfare agents. The nanofibres act as a substrate on which the nerve agents get physically adsorbed followed by chemical decomposition.

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Science and Engineering of Polymer Nanofibres, Ramakrishna, et al., American Scientific Publishers. Nanofibres : Technology and Applications, O. Jirsak. Electrospun Nanofibres, Christopher Calvin Call. Electrospinning http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrospinnin g

Material Science and Metallurgy

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Material Science and Metallurgy

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