Chem 152 Midterm I (Practice)

Section:______________ Name:_________________

You will have 50 minutes. Useful equations and other information is provided on the last page of this exam...feel free to remove this page if it is convenient. You do not need to turn it in with the exam. Section I: Multiple Choice: A. An isobaric process is one in which: A. T = 0 B. V = 0 C. P = 0 D. w = 0

B. By the second law of thermodynamics, a reaction is spontaneous when: A. Ssystem = 0 B. Ssystem > 0 C. Suniverse > 0 D. Ssurr = - H/T

C. An ideal monatomic gas at standard temperature and pressure undergoes an irreversible isothermal expansion to a final pressure of 0.5 atm. The heat transferred in this process is: A. 0 B. 1.24 kJ C. -1.24 kJ D. 1.72 kJ

D. For a process in which H = 13.2 kJ and S = -67 J/K, at what temperature will this process be spontaneous? A. 197 B. 298 K C. 1064 K D. will not occur

E. Which statement is true concerning the expansion of a mole of an ideal gas from state A to state B: A: When the gas expands from state A to state B, the surroundings are doing work on the system. B: The amount of work done is pathway independent. C: It is not possible to have more than one path for a change of state. D: The amount of heat released in the process will depend on the path taken.

F. Of energy, work, enthalpy and heat, how many are state functions? A: 0 B: 1 C: 2 D: 4

G. For which of the following reaction(s) is the enthalpy change for the reaction not equal to the enthalpy of formation for the product?

I. 2H(g) H 2 (g) II. H 2 (g) + O2 (g) H 2O2 (l) III. H 2O(l) + O(g) H 2O2 (l)
A: I B: II C: III D: I and III

H. Given the following data, calculate the temperature at which formic acid (HCOOH) is expected to vaporize: Hf (kJ/mol) -410 -363 B: 355 K C: 363 K S (J/mol.K) 130 251 D: 388 K

HCOOH(l) HCOOH(g) A: 2.57 K

I. The standard free energy for the formation of N2(g) at 25C is zero. What will Gf (in kJ/mol) be for N2(g) at 25C and 1000 atm assuming ideal gas behavior? A: +39.4 B: +17.1 C: 0 D: -17.1

Section II: Long-Answer/Numerical Questions 2) 1 mol of Ar at standard temperature and pressure undergoes reversible isochoric heating up to a temperature of 400 K. Then, the sample is allowed to expand isothermally and reversibly until its initial pressure is reached. Calculate E, q, w, H, and S for this process. Step 1: isochoric such that w1 = 0. T = 102 K such that:

3 q1 = E1 = nCv T = (1mol) R(102K ) = 1.27kJ 2 5 H1 = nC p T = (1mol) R(102K ) = 2.12kJ 2 T 3 400K S1 = nCv ln f = (1mol) R ln = 3.67 J K 2 298K Ti
Step 2: isothermal such that E2 = H2 = 0. Reversible; therefore:
V 32.8l w 2 = nRT ln f = (1mol)R( 400K ) ln = 984J 24.4l Vi q2 = w 2 = 984J S2 = q2 T = 984J 400K = 2.46 J K

Notice, I could have also used the expression for S in an isothermal process and obtained the same answer. Final answer is simply the sum of corresponding quantities for each step.

3a) For compound Pt(NH3)2I2, the following thermodynamic data is available: Hf (kJ mol-1) -286.56 Gf (kJ mol-1) -130.25

Compute S for the formation of this species. All thermodynamic values are defined at 25 C.

G = H T S G H = S T 130.25 kJ mol 286.56 kJ mol 0 = Srxn 298.15K 0 524.3 J mol.K = Srxn

3b) Determine the standard molar entropy for the compound in part 3a. Use S = -300 J mol-1 K-1 if you did not answer part a. The following standard molar entropy (S) table will be useful. Pt(s) (J mol-1 K-1) 41.63 N2(g) (J mol-1 K-1) 191.50 H2(g) (J mol-1 K-1) 130.57 I2(s) (J mol-1 K-1) 116.14

The formation reaction for the compound is:

Pt (s) + N 2 ( g) + 3H 2 ( g) + I2 ( s) Pt ( NH 3 ) 2 I2 ( s)

The S for this reaction is the answer from part a, and all other S are given; therefore:
0 Srxn = S 0 Pt ( NH 3 )2 I 2 ( s ) S 0 ( Pt ( s )) S 0 ( N 2 ( g )) 3S 0 ( H 2 ( g )) S 0 ( I 2 ( s ))

524.3 J K = S 0 Pt ( NH 3 )2 I 2 ( s ) 41.63 J K 191.50 J K 3 130.57 J K 116.14 J K 524.3 J K = S 0 Pt ( NH 3 )2 I 2 ( s ) 740.98 J K 216.7 J K = S 0 Pt ( NH 3 )2 I 2 ( s )

( (

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4) Consider the following reaction (K = 6.9 x 105):

N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) 2NH 3 (g)

a. What is G for this reaction?

G = RT lnK = R(298.15K)ln(6.9x10 5 ) = 33.2 kJ mol

b. What is G for this reaction if P(NH3) = 1 atm, P(H2) = 0.1 atm, and P(N2) = 1.4 atm?

G = G + RT ln(Q) = 33.2 kJ = 33.2 kJ = 33.2 kJ = 33.2 kJ

P2 NH 3 + RT ln P P3 mol N2 H2 mol mol mol + 8.314 J + 8.314 J + 16.3 kJ

( (

12 298K ) ln 1.4 0.1 3 mol.K ( ( )( )

mol.K

)(298K )(6.57)

mol

= 16.9 kJ mol

5) In the cylinder of a combustion engine, the total internal energy change from fuel combustion is -2537 kJ for one stroke. The cooling system surrounding the engine absorbs 947 kJ as heat. Assuming the movement of the piston results in a volume expansion of 0.5 liters, what is the effective external pressure the piston expands against?
E = q + w 2537kJ = 947kJ Pext V 1 = 1.57x10 4 l.atm = Pext (0.5l) 1590kJ 101.3 J l.atm 3.14 x10 4 atm = Pext