Hi ngh ton quc v iu khin v T ng ho - VCCA-2011

Nghin cu thit k h thng t ng ha CIP trong nh my bia, nc gii kht Research, Design Automation CIP System in brewery
PGS. TS inh Vn Nh, Vin KHCN & o to OMEGA nhadvomega@gmail.com Tm tt: Bo co trnh by kt qu nghin cu v ng dng phn mm ca Siemens ti Nh my bia, nc gii kht cc ngnh cng nghip. Cc phn mm c pht trin v tp trung cho nh my bia, NGK nh H lm sch ti ch (CIP) cho v sinh an ton thc phm t chun Quc t HACCP. Abstract: The report presents result of research and application of Siemens software in Brewery, Beverage industries. The software is development and focus for brewery such as Clean In Place (CIP)for HACCP.
Phn 1: Tng quan nh my bia v cng ngh CIP 1.1. Nh my bia ung v thc phm c lu thng trn th trng phi m bo cc yu cu v v sinh an ton thc phm, y cng l yu cu bt buc i vi cc sn phm trong ngnh cng ngh thc phm ni chung v ngnh bia, nc gii kht ni ring. Mun m bo iu ny, tt c cc qu trnh sn xut phi m bo t tiu chun v sinh cng nghip CIP (Clean In Place). Do vy v sinh CIP trong nh my l yu cu quan trng trong qu trnh sn xut bia, nc gii kht. Trong cc nh my bia Vit Nam hu ht l dy chuyn cng ngh cp hin i ha cha cao v mc u t ca Vit Nam thp hn so vi th gii. Do vy cng vic CIP trong nh my thng ch lm bng tay, qua nhn cng l ch yu ch khng u t mua thit b my mc gim st, iu khin t ng qu trnh ny. Trong mt nh my bia, nc gii kht c chia thnh rt nhiu h ln, nh. Phi m bo v sinh thc phm l yu cu ca hu ht tt c cc h thnh phn. Do vy mi thnh phn ca nh my u phi c chng trnh v sinh thc phm v quy trnh v sinh c th. Mt nh my bia, nc gii kht c cc khi sn xut nh hnh 1.

(Hnh trn nn en trng)

H.1-S khi ca qu trnh sn xut ti nh my bia.(hnh trn nn mu) 1.2. Cng ngh CIP * Mt s cn bn c bn trong cng ngh sn xut bia Cn do ngun nc s dng cha c lm mm trong qu trnh s dng chnh l cc cn mui kt ta nh CaCO3, MgCO3, G st do b mt kim loi tc ng vi mi trng nh Fe2O3, FeO(FexOy). Cht bn do cn ng, tinh bt (hydratcarbon) sinh ra t malt, go Cht bn do protein, tamin cc lo cht bn ny c th sinh ra t malt, go, hoa hup lng, men cht... sinh ra cc cht bn hu c ch yu. bia thnh phn ch yu l canxy oxalat + men cht tch t ngy cnh nhiu theo thi gian cc tank ln men, tank cha men. Cc cht bo, cht du m sinh ra trong qu trnh sn xut bia cng l mt trong nhng cht bn nguy him, kh ty ra nht tuy khng nhiu nh cc cht bn khc nhng nu khng c loi b th s nh hng khng tt ca n ti cht lng sn phm l rt ln. * Thnh phn c ch hot ng ca cc loi ha cht dng trong qu trnh CIP - Thnh phn c bn c trong cc ha cht dng v sinh l: + Cht hot ng b mt bao gm cc gc anion, cation,hp cht khng ion

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+ Cc ha cht mang tnh kim hoc tnh acid. + Cc thnh phn trong ha cht c tnh cht c ch n mn kim loi. + Cc thnh phn c ch s to bt trong qu trnh CIP. + Cc thnh phn to phc lm mm v n nh ngun nc cp trong khi CIP. - C ch hot ng + Cc cht hot ng b mt c kh nng lm gim sc cng b mt ca cht bn nh b mt cht Tnh cht Kim Acid Protein * Mui khong Carbon hydrat * * * * * khng b nhim khun. Kh nng ty ra cao nht l trong iu kin nhit cao v trong cng nng th kh nng ty ra cng ln hn, kh nng ny c hin th qua ch s mS. Khong PH hot ng rng. Khi s dng caustic ty ra cn lu : xt s b trung ha bi lng CO2 cn li trong cc tank trong qu trnh CIP theo phng trnh phn ng sau: NaOH + CO2 Na2CO3 + NaHCO3 +H2O iu quan trng nht i vi qu trnh CIP dng xt l phi ui ht CO2 trong tank trc khi CIP v ng thi phi b sung thm nng xt trong qa trnh tun hon da trn du hiu gim dn ca nng mS m bo qu trnh CIP c m bo v hiu qu cao nht. Phn 2: T ng ha h CIP 2.1 Cng c tch hp Braumat qun l cc i tng iu khin ring l c gi l cc ICM (Individual Control Module), cc ICM hot ng theo tng loi i tng mnh ci t v tun theo chun S88. Mt ICM c nguyn tc hot ng nh sau: bn d b thm nc hn nn qu trnh ty ra s hiu qu hn. + Cc cht mang tnh kim hoc acid c s dng nhiu v thc t cho thy trong mi trng PH t 4 7 th kh nng phn hy ca cc protein l rt thp chnh v vy vic thay i mi trng PH trong qu trnh CIP t hiu qu ti u nht l s dng cc ha cht mang tnh kim hoc PH l phng php u vit nht. Bng 1: Phn loi tnh cht ha hc ca cht bn Oxy ha B mt To phc *

Cht bo, du m. Ch : ( * ) th hin kh nng lm vic tt nht ca cc ha cht. Tuy nhin do tc ng khc nhau ca tng loi ha cht i vi tng loi cht bn cng khc nhau nn la chn loi ha cht no, trong trng hp no mang li hiu qu cao nht trong qu trnh CIP l iu ht sc quan trng. bng trn s ch ra phn tng i kh nng ca cc ha cht lm vic hiu qu nht i vi cc cht bn. Mt s ha cht dng trong h CIP * Acid Trimeta HC: L ha cht ty ra, v sinh c tnh acid, s dng trong quy trnh v sinh cho cc tank ln men v tank cha bia trong iu kin vn cn CO2 (khng cn bm ui CO2 trc khi v sinh). * Oxonia Active: L cht kh trng trn cn bn l acid peracetic s dng cui cng trong cc cng on v sinh thit b trong nghnh ch bin thc phm. * Caustic 32%: Ph hp s dng cho cc loi vt liu khc nhau , khng n mn vt liu. C tnh nng chng khun men di pht trin trong bn thn bn CIP cha dung ch do c th d tr dung dch caustic trong bn CIP trong thi gian di m

H. 2 - M hnh hot ng ca mt ICM

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i tng ICM ban u ang ch Idle s chuyn sang ch Running khi c tn hiu Start. V i tng iu khin s hot ng chuyn i cc trng thi ty theo tn hiu tc ng. H thng iu khin Braumat iu khin theo Recipe v Batch., mi mt bc (recipe operation) trong cng thc iu khin (recipe) tng ng vi mt hm FC (Function) tng ng di chng trnh Step 7. Ty theo cng ngh v i tng ta ci t cc cng thc cho cc i tng ri lp trnh tng ng di Step 7. Cc quy trnh CIP c phn lm hai loi: CIP lnh v CIP nng. - CIP lnh: Nc thng Caustic lnh Nc thng Acid lnh Nc thng Oxonia. - CIP nng: Nc nng Caustic nng Nc nng Nc thng Acid thng Nc thng Nc nng. Bc Oxonia cng ngh CIP lnh ch chy i vi cng ngh CIP my gii nhit dch nh nu, h thng tank ln men, cha men, thnh phm v ng ng thu hi men. cng ngh CIP nng khng dng ha cht Oxonia. Cng ty vo tng i tng m c mt s cc bc cng ngh trn b gim bt cho ph hp thc t. V d: Vi h thng tank ln men, mi tank ln men c 3 chng trnh CIP: - Chng trnh 1: CIP s dng Acid + Cht kh trng - Chng trnh 2: CIP s dng Caustic + Cht kh trng - Chng trnh 3(nh k): CIP s dng Caustic + Acid + Cht kh trng

2.2 ng dng vo h CIP V sinh CIP bao gm hai cng on lm sch v kh trng, hai cng on khng th thiu trong quy trnh cng ngh CIP. Nu nh thit b ch c lm sch m khng kh trng th cc vi khun vn tn ti v s tip tc pht trin nhanh chng trong thi gian ngn, cc vi khun ny s i vo sn phm trong qu trnh ln men v mt s cng on khc i vo sn phm lm bin i sn phm ngc li nu ch kh trng m khng lm sch th hon ton khng c ngha v cc vi khun ch b git trn b mt ca cn bn trong khi vn cn mt s lng khng l vi khun tn ti di b mt cht bn s pht trin tr li nhanh chng. V vy c th ni cht bn khng ch nh hng n tui th ca thit b m n cn tc dng khng tt n quy trnh cng ngh nh kh nng truyn nhit, l ni c tr v sinh sn ca vi khun cho nn sau khi lm sch th thit b nht nh phi c kh trng, thc t cho thy giai on lm sch quyt nh 80-90% cn li l giai on kh trng quyt nh hiu qu ti a ca qu trnh v sinh my mc thit b. Chng trnh v sinh CIP nh k ca tank ln men gm 18 bc c lp nh cng thc (recipe) trn. Th t l: 1- start. 2- CIP tank 3- cold water drain. 4- caustic pulse. 5- caustic circulation. 6water pluse caustic. 7- water caustic. 8- cold water drain. 9- acid pulse. 10- acid circulation. 11- water pluse acid. 12- water acid. 13- cold water drain. 14- fresh water. 15- oxonia pulse. 16- oxonia circulation. 17- cip end 18- end.

H.3 - Mn hnh h CIP tank ln men, Yeast tank, ng ng cp men

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Phn 3: Kt lun Hin nay ti Vit Nam c khong trn 100 nh my bia ln nh ca nh nc v t nhn cha k n cc phn xng sn vi quy m nh nh bia nh hng, bia gia nh. Nhng trong s trn 100 nh my ny ngoi mt s nh my thuc tng cng ty bia ru nc gii kht Si Gn (SABECO) v tng cng ty bia ru nc gii kht H Ni (HABECO) c mc t ng ha sn xut tng i cao cn cc nh my ca a phng trc thuc cc tnh u mc t ng ha thp. Nn vic v sinh cng nghip khng c ch trng nhiu, tt c hu nh u c lm th cng m khng qua thit b gim st hay iu khin tin tin trn th gii. Thng thng ti mt nh my bia, thi gian chy CIP cho nh nu l 24 gi, cn nh men th c mi ln tank hot ng xong l phi CIP, vi s lng tank ln men t th thi gian CIP tank li v cng quan trng nng cng sut. Khi a mc t ng ha vo nh my th thi gian CIP cho nh nu k t khi dng n lc nu li l 9 gi, nh men l 3gi/tank m ngi vn hnh khng phi mt nhiu thi gian cho vic u ni ng ng hay gim st cc thng s th tch, nhit , nng ha cht dng trong qu trnh CIP. Vi kh nng tiu thu bia thng phm tng mnh trong giai on 3 5 nm li y, cc nh my gp phi hin tng ht hi trong sn xut, cng sut nh my khng th tng ln v phi mt nhiu thi cho cng on CIP. Do vy cc nh my bia xy dng trong vi nm tr li y v cc nh my sp xy dng thuc hai tng cng ty SABECO, HABECO m ngay c mt s a phng nh Qung Ninh (Bia H Long), Qung Ngi (Bia Dung Qut), cng yu cu nng cp h thng CIP t ng. y l iu cn thit gim thi gian phi sn xut xung thp nht t c th tng nng sut ca nh my ln cao hn m vn m bo cht lng sn phm u ra. Tm li CIP l mt cng on cc k quan trng trong vic m bo v sinh an ton thc phm v cht lng sn phm ung bia, nc gii kht... N khng th thiu c trong mt dy chuyn sn xut bia hin i, m bo cht lng sn phm cao cho tiu dng rng ri trong nc v xut khu. Vic nghin cu pht trin v ng dng cng ngh mi ny l iu rt cn thit gp phn nng cao cht lng sn phm v thng hiu ca cc nh my bia trong thi k hi nhp pht trin bn vng. Nhng cng trnh ca chng ti c ng dng v nhn rng nhiu ni trong c nc, p ng c mi yu cu kht khe ca nh sn xut ra v gip tit kim nhiu t ng cho cc nh sn xut, nu phi nhp ngoi hon ton h thng CIP tng ng v k thut iu khin, cng ngh v lm ch cht lng sn phm, bo m tiu chun Quc t v v sinh an ton thc phm HACCP.

Ti liu tham kho

[1] .Phn mm Braumat [2] .Ti
liu ca Siemenshttp://www4.ad.siemens.de [3] .Ti liu k thut cng ty DKNEC, POLYCO [4] .Ti liu nh my bia Vit H 2, nh my bia H Long 2.
Ass.Prof Dinh Van Nha University degree: Moscow State University of Civil Engineering in 1972, PhD: 1975 in Moscow, Ass.Prof ( 1992) Post Doc:Delft University of Technology in Holland in 1985 Research areas: Automatic Control, Control Design

Gii thng H Ch Minh nm 2005. - Gii thng- Huy chng Vng ca T chc S hu tr tu Th Gii WIPO ca Lin hp Quc 2005. - Hai Gii Nht Gii thng Sng to KHCN Vit nam (VIFOTEC -2000,2004). - Nh NCKH Xut sc ng nam (10/2009) do (SEA-EU NET MAPPING STUDY) bu chn.(Bogor-Indonexia). Positions Hold and Memberships
Director of the Research Center of Automation of Hanoi University of Science Technology (HUST) - Vietnam Ministry of Education and Training Director of Institute of Science Technology & Training OMEGA Vice General Director of POLYCO- GROUP Vice Chairman/Vice General Secretary of Viet Nam Automation Association. Member of Central Committee, Director of Vietnam Technology Renovation of Vietnam Association of Corporate Directors (VACD Association). Lecturer of Automatic Control Department (HUST) since 15 June, 1976

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