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Hi ngh ton quc v iu khin v T ng ho - VCCA-2011

VCCA-2011
ng dng h truyn ng bin tn ma trn - ng c khng ng b cho
ph ti nng h
Development of Matrix Converter for Hoist Drive Controlled by
Asynchronous Motor
Bi Quc Khnh , Phm Vn Bch
Trng HBK H Ni
e-Mail: bachpv@hi-tech.com.vn


Tm tt
Bin tn kiu ma trn s dng ma trn kha bn dn
hai chiu lm vic tn s cao cho php nng lng
c th trao i theo c hai chiu, c cu trc nh gn,
c s dng nh mt b truyn p, dng in u
vo/ra bin tn hnh Sin, h s cng sut gn bng
mt. Bi vit gii thiu mt cu trc ng dng h
truyn ng bin tn kiu ma trn - ng c khng
ng b - ph ti nng h, ng c khng ng b
c iu khin theo phng php FOC. Cc kt qu
m phng trn my tnh v th nghim th hin
cht lng h truyn ng.
Abstract:
The key features in a matrix converter are the fully
controlled four-quadrant bidirectional switch which
allows high frequency operation, simple and compact
power circuit, generation of load voltage with
arbitrary amplitude and frequency, sinusoidal input
and output current, operation with unity power factor.
This paper presents the development of matrix
converter for hoist drive controlled by asynchronous
motor, the motor is controlled by the matrix converter
with FOC method. Simulation and experimental
results are carried out to verify the performance of
matrix converter controlled hoist drive.
K hiu:
K hiu n v ngha
u
0
Vc-t in p u ra bin
tn kiu ma trn.
u
i
Vc-t in p li
q

T s truyn p ca bin
tn kiu ma trn
i
sd
, i
sq
A dng in stator: dc trc
v ngang trc
L
sd
, L
sq
H in cm dc trc v
ngang trc ca stator

s
,
rad/s vn tc gc stator, vn tc
gc rotor
* gi tr t, gi tr cn
Ch vit tt:
MC Matrix Converter
FOC Field Orientated Control
IM Squirrel caged Induction Motor
BDS BiDirectional Switch
VSI Voltage Source Inverter (Indirect)
2Q Two quadrants
4Q Four quadrants
SVM Space Vector Modulation
1. Ph ti nng h s dng bin tn gin
tip VSI
Trong cu trc h truyn ng ph ti nng
h lun phi gii quyt vn hm ti sinh ca ng
c truyn ng nng h, H.1 m t gin lm vic
bn gc phn t c tnh c ca ng c truyn ng
nng h, theo ng c s lm vic ch ng
c trong cc gc phn t l (I v III), ng c lm
vic ch my pht trong cc gc phn t chn (II
v IV).
Trong cu trc h truyn ng bin tn VSI IM
ph ti nng h, nu VSI l bin tn loi 2Q thng
thng [H.1] th nng lng ca qu trnh hm ti
sinh thng c tiu tn trn cc in tr cng sut
c iu khin bi mch hm t khu mt chiu
trung gian ca bin tn iu ny lm tng chi ph u
t ban u (in tr cng sut, b iu khin hm,
mt bng v khng gian lp t, h thng lm mt, ...)
v chi ph bo tr cng nh lm gim tui th h thng
truyn ng. Trong trng hp VSI l bin tn 4Q
[H.2] th nng lng trong qu trnh hm ti sinh
c a tr li li qua b nghch lu pha li ca
bin tn, dng in pha u vo bin tn s c dng
hnh Sin v trng pha vi in p pha u vo bin
tn (h s cng sut cos 1) [H.4], tuy nhin chi ph
u t ban u ca h thng l rt cao, ngoi ra trong
cu trc bin tn VSI lun s dng cc t ha cho
khu trung gian mt chiu, iu ny lm tng kch
thc ca bin tn, gim tui th ca b bin i, c
bit khi cng sut v in p lm vic ca bin tn
cng cao.


H.1 Gin 4 gc phn t c tnh c ca ng c

690
Hi ngh ton quc v iu khin v T ng ho - VCCA-2011

VCCA-2011
U V W
+
- ~
RB

H.2 Bin tn 2Q (2 mc)

U V W
+
- ~

H.3 Bin tn 4Q (2 mc)

Input
voltage
Input
current
s

H.4 Dng in/in p pha u vo bin tn 4Q
Trong h truyn ng nng h cng sut ln, gii
quyt vn hm ti sinh nng lng ca ng c
truyn ng chnh c nui bi nghch lu VSI 2
mc, cng c th s dng b chnh lu pha li l
hai b chnh lu Thyristor mc song song ngc nh
th hin trn H.5 [3], khi nhnh cu thun lm vic
khi ng c nng h lm vic ch ng c,
nhnh cu ngc lm vic trong ch hm ti sinh
ca h truyn ng. Tuy nhin, dng in u vo b
chnh lu thyristor pha li lun tn ti nhiu thnh
phn sng hi khc nhau, gy mo in p li, pht
sng hi dng in ln li [H.6].


H.5 B chnh lu Thyristor mc song song ngc
ms
V,
A
Input
voltage
Input
current

H.6 Dng in/in p pha vo b chnh lu thyristor
Nh vy, mc d c th m bo tt c cc
yu cu cht lng truyn ng in ca h truyn
ng nng h nhng do cc bin tn gin tip VSI
lun s dng nhiu phn t th ng cng sut nh
in tr, in cm, t ha... nn lun tn ti cc vn
: Tui th b bin i thp, hiu sut thp, cng
knh, yu cu cao cho vic bo tr bo dng, c bit
khi cng sut b bin i cng ln.
Phn sau y s gii thiu mt cu trc bin
tn ng dng trong h truyn ng nng h c th
khc phc c cc nhc im nu trn ca bin tn
gin tip VSI l bin tn kiu ma trn (MC).

2. MC v ng dng h truyn ng MC-
IM cho ph ti nng h
S cu trc ca bin tn ma trn 3x3 cp cho ng
c khng ng b r-to lng sc c th hin trn
hnh H.7.

Ua
Ub
Uc
Lf
S11
S12
S13 S23
S22
S21 S31
S32
S33
IM
A B C
Cf
Clamp
Input
filter
BDS

H.7 S cu trc c bn MC-IM
Vi bin tn ngun p gin tip (VSI), in
p u ra c tng hp t in p mt chiu nh trn
H.8 (DC-link) th vi MC, in p u ra c tng
hp t cc in p dy u vo nh trn H.9, dng ti
s do ti quyt nh, cc kha S
1
S
9
l cc kha bn
dn hai chiu BDS dng in c th chy qua theo
c hai chiu do vy nng lng c th chy theo c
hai chiu qua bin tn.
691
Hi ngh ton quc v iu khin v T ng ho - VCCA-2011

VCCA-2011

H.8 Dng in p dy u ra VSI (2 mc)

H.9 Dng in p dy u ra MC (3x3)
MC trn H.7 cng l b ngun p 3 pha c in p
u ra mong mun u
0
iu khin c theo mt t l
vi in p vo: u
0
= q.u
i
, trong u
0
v u
i
ln lt l
vc-t in p ra ( ln U
0
, tc gc quay
0
) v
vc-t in p vo ( ln U
i
, tc gc quay
i
).
Phng php iu ch s dng phng php bin iu
vc-t khng gian trc tip SVM [1].
C th thy rng dng in u vo c tng hp t
dng in u ra v gi tr s nh nht nu gc lch
pha so vi in p c hiu chnh bng khng. Mc
ch ca phng php bin iu l to ra h thng
in p ba pha u ra c dng hnh sin, dng in
tiu th u vo cng c dng sin trng pha so vi
in p u vo. Nh vy gc pha dng in u vo
cng chnh l gc pha in p pha u vo. H.10 v
B.1 biu din vc-t khng gian in p ra v vc-t
khng gian dng in vo l c s tnh ton ca
phng php SVM.
(aba)(bcb)(cac)
(bab)(cbc)(aca)
(abb)(bcc)(caa)
(aab)(bbc)(cca)
(baa)(cbb)(acc)
(bba)(ccb)(aac)
(abb)(bab)(bba)
(cbb)(bcb)(bbc)
(acc)(cac)(cca)
(bcc)(cbc)(ccb)
(baa)(aba)(aab)
(caa)(aca)(aac)
I
II III
IV
V
VI
VI
I
II III
IV
V
u
o
1
u
o
2
u
o
o
A
i
u
i
i
2
i
i
1
i
i
i
A
4-,5-,6-
1+,2+,3+
7-,8-,9-
7+,8+.9+
1-,2-,3-
4+,5+,6+
1+,4+,7+
2+,5+,8+
3+,6+,9+
1-,4-,7-
3-,6-,9-
2-,5-,8-
o
|
o
|
e
i
(a) (b)
H.10 Vc-t khng gian in p ra (a) v Vc-t khng gian
dng in vo (b)
B.1 Bng vc-t khng gian trong MC
No A B C U
o

o
I
i

i

1+ a b b 2/3u
ab
/6
3 2 i
A
-/6
1- b a a -2/3u
ab
-5/6
- 3 2 i
A
-/6
2+ b c c 2/3u
bc
/6
3 2 i
A
/2
2- c b b -2/3u
bc
-5/6
- 3 2 i
A
/2
3+ c a a 2/3u
ca
/6
3 2 i
A
7/6
3- a c c -2/3u
ca
-5/6
- 3 2 i
A

7/6
4+ b a b 2/3u
ab
5/6
3 2 i
B

-/6
4- a b a -2/3u
ab
-/6
-
3 2 i
B

-/6
5+ c b c 2/3u
bc
5/6
3 2 i
B

/2
5- b c b -2/3u
bc
-/6
- 3 2 i
B

/2
6+ a c a 2/3u
ca
5/6
3 2 i
B

7/6
6- c a c -2/3u
ca
-/6
- 3 2 i
B

7/6
7+ b b a 2/3u
ab
-/2
3 2 i
C

-/6
7- a a b -2/3u
ab
/2
- 3 2 i
C

-/6
8+ c c b 2/3u
bc
-/2
3 2 i
C

/2
8- b b c -2/3u
bc
/2
- 3 2 i
C

/2
9+ a a c 2/3u
ca
-/2
3 2 i
C

7/6
9- c c a -2/3u
ca
/2
- 3 2 i
C

7/6
0
a
a a a 0 - 0 -
0
b
b b b 0 - 0 -
0
c
c c c 0 - 0 -
Kt qu tnh ton SVM cho ra cc khong thi gian
dn (1) ca 4 vc-t in p u vo trong mt chu k
trch mu [1]:

1
2
3
4
0 1 2 3 4
sin sin
3
sin sin
sin sin
3 3
sin sin
3
1 ( )
o i
o i
o i
o i
d q
d q
d q
d q
d d d d d
t
t t
t
= A A
= A A
= A A
= A A
= + + +
| |
|
\ .
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
| |
|
\ .
(1)
Vi
3
/
2
o i
q U U = l t s truyn p tuyn tnh
(q
max
0.866), d
0
l khong dn ca vc-t 0 .
Nh vy MC c cc p ng u ra ging nh bin
tn VSI nu s dng phng php SVM trc tip trn,
ngoi ra MC cn c cc c im:
* Dng in u vo hnh Sin.
* H s cos() u vo c th iu chnh c ti gn
bng 1.
* Chuyn mch theo chiu dng in u ra [2] do
vy nng lng c th c truyn d dng theo c
hai chiu nn rt thch hp khi lm vic vi ti nng
h.
* Cu trc thun bn dn, khng s dng khu mt
chiu trung gian do MC c kch thc nh gn v
tui th cao.
Do vy cc phng php iu khin c
p dng cho cu trc VSI-IM th cng p dng c
692
Hi ngh ton quc v iu khin v T ng ho - VCCA-2011

VCCA-2011
vi cu trc MC-IM, ngoi ra vi cu trc MC-IM th
vn truyn nng lng theo c hai chiu din ra
mt cch t nhin bi c im chuyn mch theo
dng in ca b bin i MC do cu trc iu
khin s tr nn n gin hn rt nhiu khi ng dng
cu trc MC-IM cho ph ti nng h.
H.11 gii thiu cu trc MC-IM cp ngun
cho ph ti nng h, phng php iu khin FOC
truyn thng. Trong khi SVM&COMM thc hin
chc nng iu ch vc-t khng gian theo gi tr in
p t u ra mong mun v gi tr in p li, ng
thi thc hin chc nng chuyn mch 4 bc theo
chiu dng in u ra.
SVM&
Comm
3~
IM
2
3
dq
dq
o|
Current
model
PI PI
PI
E
isu
isw
isv
iso
is|
isd
isq
usq
*

usd
*

isq
*

isd
*
e
-
3~
abc
uin
e
isd
isq
theta
~

H.11 Cu trc FOC-MC-IM-ph ti nng
h
M phng cu trc trn H.11 trn
Matlab/Simulink/Plecs vi ph ti nng h theo cc
thng s:

Cng sut nh mc ng c: 4 kW
in p nh mc ng c: 400V
Tn s nh mc ng c: 50Hz
Tc nh mc ng c: 1430 rpm
in tr stator: 1.405
in tr r-to: 1.395
in cm stato: 0.1780 H
in cm r-to: 0.1780 H
H cm: 0.1722 H
S i cc: 2
M men qun tnh quy i v trc
ng c:
0.153 kg.m
2

H s ma st (k
v
): 0.02 Nm/rad
Tn s iu ch SVM: 2.5 kHz
Ti -10Nm (step) t 0.3s
Tc t (ramp) 100rad/s t 0.4s
Cc kt qu m phng cu trc iu khin
FOC-MC-IM trn H.11 th hin trn cc hnh t H.12
n H.15.


H.12 p ng in p/dng in vo/ra MC, tnh t trn
xung: in p dy u vo/ra MC, dng in ba pha ra
MC, dng in/in p pha vo MC


H.13 p ng dng in i
sd



H.14 p ng dng in i
sq
(thc: xanh, t: )


H.15 p ng tc ng c (thc: xanh, t: )
Khong thi gian t 0s 0.3s thc hin chc nng t
ha ng c (ch c thnh phn dng in i
sd
), lc ny
ph ti ang c gi bng phanh c kh, gi s trng
lng ti cn h tng ng m men quy i v trc
ng c l -10Nm (c o chnh xc bng cm bin)
th t khong 0.3s 0.4s ng c pht ra m men gi,
t thi im 0.4s nh phanh c kh, tc ng c
tng dn ti gi tr t. Cc p ng u vo MC trn
H.12 v cc p ng trn H.14, H.15 th hin qu
trnh hm ti sinh ca ng c, dng in v in p
693
Hi ngh ton quc v iu khin v T ng ho - VCCA-2011

VCCA-2011
pha u vo MC l trng pha trong c hai ch hot
ng ca ng c th hin c im c bn ca MC
khi ng dng cho ph ti nng h dng ng c IM.

H.16 v H.17 m t cu trc h thng th
nghim MC-IM cho ph ti nng h trn c s
phng php iu khin FOC m t trn H.11. Trong
ng c mt chiu c iu khin bi m-un
Baumuller BUS624 ng vai tr l ti tch cc, mch
vng iu khin dng in i
dc
ca ng c mt chiu
v cu trc iu khin FOC cho IM c thc hin
trn card iu khin ds1103 ca dSPACE, tn s
PWM ca khi SVM l 2.5kHz, dng in u ra MC
c o bi LEM LA100-P, ATF1508 thc hin
chuyn mch 4 bc theo chiu dng in, kha BDS
s dng IGBT DIM200WBS12 (200A/1200V). Cc
kt qu th nghim c ly trn giao din
ControlDesk ca dSPACE th hin trn cc hnh H.18
v H.19. H.18 l p ng dng in i
sd
*
/i
sd
v i
sq
*
/i
sq

cho thy gi tr thc bm st gi tr t, khi khng ti
(i
dc
= 0) dng in i
sq
0.3A, khi t i
dc
dng bc
nhy (H.19) th thnh phn dng in i
sd
vn bm theo
gi tr t 1.5A, dng in i
sq
cho p ng trn H.18
v n nh sau ti gi tr -5.1A. H.20 l p ng
ca dng in v in p pha vo MC ti gi tr n
nh ca dng in i
sq
-5.1A cho thy h thng ang
tr nng lng v li vi h s cng sut 1.



Detec.Board




ISA
ds1103&
Detection
Boarrd
A
T
F
1
5
0
8
uab


POWER
MODULE
IM
~
M
=
H
C
P
L
3
1
6

3
1
6
J

E
IGBT: 200A/1200V
Filter: 0.5mH, 1uF
2.2 kW, 1420 rpm
380V, 5A, p = 2

7.5 kW, 2000
rpm 400V, 32A


iA
iB
Baumuller
(Power
module)
~ 3 pha,
220V/50Hz
~ 3 pha,
220V/50Hz

IDCref
ubc
iC
PC&
Tools

H.16 Cu trc th nghim MC-IM-ph ti nng h


H. 17 M hnh th nghim m t trn H.16


H. 18 p ng dng in i
sd
, i
sd
*
(trn) v i
sq
, i
sq
*
(di):
thc/t (A)

H. 19 p ng dng in pha A, B u ra IM v dng in
i
dc
ng c mt chiu (A)



H. 20 p ng dng in pha/ in p pha u vo MC (A:
in p pha 100V/div, B: dng in pha 2A/div)- n nh


694
Hi ngh ton quc v iu khin v T ng ho - VCCA-2011

VCCA-2011
3. Kt lun
Bi vit gii thiu mt cu trc ng dng bin tn
ma trn cho h truyn ng IM ph ti nng h c
nhiu u im so vi cu trc s dng bin tn gin
tip VSI. Vi c im thun bn dn, nng lng d
dng trao i theo c hai chiu, dng in u vo
hnh Sin v trng pha vi in p pha u vo do
MC rt thch hp cho vic ng dng vo h truyn
ng IM-ph ti nng h. Cc kt qu m phng v
th nghim da trn phng php iu khin FOC
cho IM s dng MC th hin c cc c im
. Tuy nhin, MC l bin tn kiu trc tip nn chu
cc nh hng trc tip t li ti cht lng iu
khin v h s truyn p ln nht thp (0.866) l hai
nhc im ln nht ca MC.

Ti liu tham kho
[1] Trn Trng Minh; Phng php bin iu vc-
t khng gian trong bin tn kiu ma trn Matrix
Converter. Tp ch Khoa hc & Cng ngh, s
48+49, 2004.
[2] Trn Trng Minh; Vn iu khin chuyn
mch trong bin tn kiu ma trn Matrix
Converter. Tp ch khoa hc & Cng ngh, s
50, 2005.
[3] ABB, Technical guide No.8; Electrical
Breaking. EN 16.8.2002
[4] Wheeler, P.W.; Rodriguez, J.; Clare, J.C.;
Empringham, L.; Weinstein, A. (2002),
Matrix converters: a technology review.
Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on,
Volume: 49 Issue: 2, Page(s): 276 288.
[5] Larsen, K.B.; Jorgensen, A.H.; Helle, L.;
Blaabjerg, F. (2002), Analysis of symmetrical
pulse width modulation strategies for matrix
converters. pesc 02. 2002 IEEE 33rd Annual ,
Page(s): 899 -904 vol.2
[6] Jun-Koo Kang; Hara, H.; Yamamoto, E.;
Swamy, M.; Kume, T.J. (2003), Output voltage
distortion in matrix converter by commutation of
bi-directional switches. IEMDC'03. IEEE
International, Page(s): 55 -59 vol.1.
[7] Frede Blaabjerg, Kyo-Beum Lee. A
nonlinearity compensation method for a matrix
converter drive. IEEE Power Electronics letters,
vol.3, no.1, march 2005.


Bi Quc Khnh, tt nghip
i hc Bch khoa H ni
chuyn ngnh in nm 1970.
T nm 1979 n 1982 l
nghin cu sinh chuyn
nghnh v in t cng sut ti
vin VUSE Praha CSR,
cui nm 1982 nhn hc v tin
s, t hc hm ph Gio s nm 1996. Ging vin
ging dy mn Truyn ng in, b mn T ng
ha XNCN i hc Bch khoa H ni. Gim c
Trung tm Nghin cu Trin khai Cng ngh cao
i hc Bch khoa H ni t nm 2004 n nay.

Phm Vn Bch, tt nghip
i hc Bch khoa H ni
chuyn nghnh T ng ha
XNCN nm 2003, thc s v
T ng ha ca trng i
hc Bch khoa H ni nm
2008. Nghin cu ng dng
in t cng sut v Truyn ng in ti Trung tm
Nghin cu Trin khai Cng ngh cao i hc Bch
khoa H ni.
695

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