CSC 326 Manual

CSC-326 Numerical Transformer
Protection Equipment Manual

CAUTION
1) This manual applies only to CSC-326.
2) Please read the manual carefully and the specification of the installation,
adjustment, testing, operation and maintenance with the device.
3) To prevent damage from equipment, dont plug-hot-plug any unit of the
equipment, touching the chips and components in printed circuit board is inhibited.
4) Please use the testing instruments which comply with the relevant standards for
test and detection.
5) If any abnormity occurred in the equipment or unusual maintenance needed,
promptly contact with the agents or our service hotline.
6) The operation password is: 8888.
WARNING
1) During operation of electrical equipment, certain parts of this equipment are under
high voltage. Severe personal injury or significant equipment damage could result
from improper behavior.
2) Only qualified personnel should work on this equipment or in vicinity of the
equipment. These persons must be familiar with warning & service procedure
described in this manual, as well as with safety regulations.
3) Prerequisites to proper & safety operation of the equipment are proper storage,
setup, installation, operation & maintenance of the equipment.
4) In particularly cases, the general rules & safety regulations according to relating
standards (e.g. IEC, National standards or other International standards) for work
with high voltage equipment must be observed.
COPYRIGHT
All rights reserved.
Registered trademark

are registered trademark of Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd..
CONTENTS
1. Introduction...1
1.1 Application.....1
1.2 Features....2
1.3 Functions.3
2. Design.....4
2.1 Mechanical structure.4
2.2 Dimensions..5
3. Technical data.....6
3.1 General data...6
3.2 Function data.9
3.2.1 Differential protection unit data9
3.2.2 Restricted earth fault protection unit data...9
3.2.3 Overflux protection unit data.10
3.2.4 Definite-time and IDMTL overcurrent protection unit data..10
3.2.5 Definite-time and IDMTL neutral protection unit data..11
3.2.6 Neutral displacement protection unit data...11
3.2.7 Thermal overload protection unit data.....12
3.2.8 Pole discordance protection unit data.12
3.2.9 Over-load protection unit data......13
3.2.10 Negative phase sequence imbalance detection
protection unit data13
4. Hardware functions....14
4.1 Hardware arrangements.14
4.2 Operations of complete units.14
4.3 Front panel.15
5. Protection functions...16
5.1 Differential protection unit (ANSI-87T).16
5.2 Restricted earth fault protection unit (ANSI-87TN).24
5.3 Overflux protection unit (ANSI-24)27
5.4 Definite-time and IDMTL overcurrent protection unit...31
5.5 Definite-time and IDMTL neutral protection unit.35
5.6 Neutral displacement protection unit..39
5.7 Thermal overload protection unit...40
5.8 Pole discordance protection unit..41
5.9 Other auxiliary protection unit.....42
5.10 VT failure.44
6. Operation...44
6.1 Safety precautions...44
6.2 Dialog with the equipment..45
6.2.1 Menu frame45
6.2.2 Display flowing.48
6.3 Annunciations...49
6.3.1 Event report....49
6.3.2 Alarm report.51
6.3.3 Operating report..53
6.4 Testing and commissioning....54
6.5 Putting the equipment into operation..54
6.6 Configuration of functions.54
6.6.1 Configuration of functions.54
6.6.2 Setting-equipment parameters54
6.6.3 Setting-protection settings..55
6.6.4 Setting-Control word setting..62
7. Installation and commissioning..68
7.1 Unpacking & repacking.68
7.2 Mounting..68
7.3 Check before power on...68
7.4 Check with power on....69
8. Maintenance.70
8.1 Routine checks..70
8.2 Replacing the back-up battery.70
8.3 Fault tracing...70
8.4 Repairs..70
9. Store...71
10. Ordering72
10.1 Ordering data..72
10.2 Ordering data sample.72
11. Appendix73
11.1 Terminal diagrams...73
11.2 Connection Examples.74
11.3 Digital input module...77
11.4 Digital output module.....77
CSC-326 Numerical Transformer Protection Equipment Manual
-1-
1 Introduction
1.1 Application
CSC-326 numerical transformer protection equipment applies to small, medium and
large power transformers.
Equipments included in the CSC-326 series see table1 and 2.
Table 1: CSC-326 series equipments
Type Application
CSC-326(Model 1) For two-winding transformer
CSC-326(Model 2) For three-winding transformer or auto transformer
Table 2: Main function and arrangement
Type
Functions and arrangement
CSC-326(Model1) CSC-326(Model2)
Main protection
Instantaneous differential
protection

Inrush inhibit with 2nd harmonic
Fuzzy recognition of inrush
based on waveform
selective selective
Differential
protection
Over-flux inhibit
Restricted earth fault protection for HV
Over-flux (definite and inverse ) for HV
Restricted earth fault protection for MV
Over-flux (definite and inverse ) for MV
Restricted earth fault protection for LV configurable
Backup protection in HV (high voltage)
side
Thermal overload protection
Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection (with
selective direction)

Definite and IDMTL earth fault protection (with

Phase-to-phase distance protection Configurable configurable
Phase-to-earth distance protection Configurable configurable
Neutral displacement protection Configurable configurable
IDMTL Neutral current protection for HV
Overload protection
Overcurrent blocking voltage regulation
protection

Backup protection in MV(middle voltage)
side
Only for three-winding transformer
or auto transformer
Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection(with

Definite and IDMTL earth fault protection(with

Phase-to-phase distance protection Configurable
-2-
Phase-to-earth distance protection Configurable
Neutral displacement protection
IDMTL Neutral current protection for MV
Overload protection
Overcurrent blocking voltage regulation
protection

Backup protection in LV(low voltage) side
Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection
Definite and IDMTL earth fault protection (with

Neutral displacement protection
Overload protection
Overload for LV winding (inside delta) configurable configurable
Backup protection for Breakers
Pole discordance protection for HV CB1
Pole discordance protection for HV CB2
Pole discordance protection for MV CB
Other auxiliary protection
Negative phase sequence imbalance detection
CB status supervision
Disturbance records
1.2 Features
The equipment has characteristics as follows:
The microprocessor combined 32 bits DSP with MCU, high performance hardware system
ensures the parallel real-time calculation in all components of the equipment.
Protective functions man-machine interface and also communications functions are
completely independent in equipment. This improves the reliability and makes debugging
installation, maintenance easier.
Internal module is designed in such a way that a comprehensive real-time self-
monitoring is performed.
Dual A/D sampling in analog circuit, performing real time self-testing.
The equipment provides periodical automatic testing.
Disturbance recorder with large capacity (memory up to 4M bytes), can record more than
24 records. Optional event format or wave format is provided when the records need to be
printed. Fault wave disturbance records can be easily extracted through serial port or
ethernet port and saved in COMTRADE format.
1000 event records which are date and time tagged are stored in none volatile memory
-3-
to ensure the data or not lost when DC supply fails.
The relay can record protection operating process, logic flow and various calculated
values. Our CSPC software can be used for viewing the above and also the recorded fault
data and for analyzing disturbance records via RS 232 serial port on the relay front facia.
2-channel high speed reliable electric Ethernet ports (optional optical fiber Ethernet
ports), 2-channel LonWorks ports, RS-485 port and series printing port are provided; the
user can select any of these according to the requirements. The protocol supports
IEC60870-5-103, IEC61850 or CSC-2000 of Sifang Company, for interface with substation
automatic system and protection management information system.
Liquid crystal display with backlight is provided to display various messages such as
current, voltage, power, frequency, strip state, setting zones etc. The menu is easy to
operate. Four shortcut keys are provided to finish operation with one key for local operator.
1.3 Functions
The following protection functions are available in the relay:
Differential protection (Including: Treble slope percent differential protection;
Instantaneous differential protection and Inrush inhibit and over-flux inhibit etc.)
Restricted Earth Fault protection for HV, MV and LV sides
Over-flux protection for HV and MV sides
Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection for HV, MV and LV sides (with selective
direction)
Definite and IDMTL neutral current protection for HV, MV and LV sides (with selective
direction)
Neutral displacement protection for HV, MV and LV sides
Pole discordance protection for HV and MV circuit breaker
Overload protection for HV, MV and LV sides and LV winding inside delta
Thermal overload protection for HV side
Overcurrent blocking voltage regulation protection for HV and MV sides
Negative phase sequence imbalance detection for HV, MV and LV side
Circuit breaker status supervision for every side
Disturbance records.
-4-
2 Design
2.1 Mechanical structure
The enclosure for equipment is 19 inches in width and 4U in height according to
IEC 60297-3.
The equipment is flush mounting with panel cutout and cabinet mounting.
Connection terminals to other system are on the rear.
The front panel of equipment is aluminum alloy by founding in integer and overturn
downwards. LCD, LED s and setting keys are mounted on the panel. There is a serial
interface on the panel suitable for connecting a PC.
Draw-out modules for serviceability are fixed by lock component.
The modules can be combined through the bus on the rear board. Both the
equipment and the other system can be combined through the rear interfaces.
Fig.1: CSC-326 transformer protection equipment view
-5-
2.2 Dimensions
Dimension drawings for CSC-326 are shown in Fig 2.
Fig. 2: Flush-mounted enclosure of CSC-326 with panel cutout (dimensions in mm)

-6-
3 Technical data
3.1 General data
3.1.1 Analog input and output
Input circuits Rated current I
N
Rated voltage U
N
Rated frequency f
N
Thermal overload capability
In voltage circuit, continuous
In current circuit, continuous
1s
10s
Power consumption
In voltage circuit at U
N
=100V
In current circuit at I
N
= 1A
at I
N
= 5A
1 or 5A
63.5V (Ph-N) or 110V AC(Ph-Ph)
50Hz
1.2U
N
AC
2I
N
80I
N
10I
N
less than 0.5VA
less than 1VA
less than 1VA
3.1.2 Power supply
DC voltage supply Rated auxiliary voltage U
aux
Permissible tolerance at rated
auxiliary voltage
Power consumption
at energized state
at quiescent state
220V DC; 110V DC
-30% to +14%
max. 50W
max. 30W
3.1.3 Binary inputs and outputs
Binary inputs Binary inputs for 110/220V DC
Binary inputs for 24V DC
Current consumption for each
input
12
9
2mA~5mA
Binary outputs Potential-free trip/command
+signaling contacts (Binary
output)
Switching capacity make
Break
Permissible current ,Continuous
0.5s
Switching voltage
Indication contacts
Switching capacity make/break
Permissible current
Switching voltage
32 Potential-free trip/command
contacts +16 signaling contacts
1250VA(AC), 150W(DC)
5A
30A
250V DC
16
1250VA(AC), 150W(DC)
5A
250V DC
3.1.4 Communications interfaces
Communications
interfaces
2 RS485 and 2 Ethernet
interfaces
1 serial interface
Rear board
On the front panel
-7-
3.1.5 Other general data
Other General data of the equipment see table 3.
Table 3: General data of the equipment
No. Item Class/rated According
to standards
Note
1 Environment conditions
1.1 Ambient temperature -10C ~+55C
1.2 Extreme range of ambient
temperature
-25C ~+70C
1.3 Atmospheric pressure 80~110kPa
1.4 Operative ranges of
auxiliary energizing
quantities
80% ~110% U
N
1.5 Relative humidity 75%
1.6 Storage temperature -10C~+40C
IEC 60255-6:
1988 (GB/T
14047-1993, IDT)
2 Rated parameters
2.1 Rated value of voltage 110V or 220V
2.2 Rated value of current 1A or 5A
2.3 Rated value of frequency 50Hz
3 Burden
3.1 rated burden
AC current circuit:
1VA
AC voltage circuit::
0.5VA
DC power supply
circuit: 50W
DL/T 478-2001
4 Thermal property
4.1 Thermal of short and long
time
AC current circuit:
2I
N
-continuously:
10I
N
-10s;
80I
N
-1s;
AC voltage circuit:
1.2U -
continuously;
1.4U
N
- 10s
DL/T 478-2001
Specific rating
defined by
Manufacturer
in IEC 60255-
6: 1988
5 Electrical insulation
5.1 Insulation resistance 100M IEC 60255-5:
2000
(GB/T 14598.3
-2006,IDT)
5.2 Insulation resistance in dry
heat
1.5M DL/T 478-2001 Not defined in
IEC60255-5
5.3 Dielectric voltage AC 2kV (U
i
63V)
/1kV (U
i
<63V)
500V is
defined for
less then 63V
in IEC 60255-
5
5.4 Impulse voltage 5kV (U
i
63V) /1kV
(U
i
<63V)
IEC 60255-5:
2000
(GB/T 14598.3
-2006,IDT)
6 Mechanical property
6.1 Vibration 1 class IEC60255-21-1
(GB/T 11287-
2000
,IDT)
-8-
6.2 Shock 1 class
6.3 Bump 1 class
IEC60255-21-2
(GB/T 14537-
1993
,IDT)
7 EMC
7.1 Burst disturbance 3 class:
common mode
2.5kV,
differential mode
1.0kV
IEC 60255-22-1
(GB/T 14598.13-
1998,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-12
Add 100kHz
harsh more
IEC60255-22-
1
7.2 ESD disturbance 4 class: contact -8kV IEC 60255-22-2
(GB/T 14598.14
-1998,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-2
Harsh more 3
class of IEC
60255-22-2
7.3 Radiated electromagnetic
disturbance
3 class: 10V/m IEC 62505-22-3
(GB/T 14598.9
-2002,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-3
7.4 Fast burst disturbance 4 class:
communication port
--2kV;
others ports--4kV
IEC60255-22-4
(GB/T14598.10
-1996,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-4
Harsh more 3
class of IEC
60255-22-4
7.5 Surge disturbance 4 class:
communication port
--2kV;
others ports --4kV
IEC 60255-22-5,
IEC 61000-4-5
Harsh more 3
Class of IEC
60255-22 -5
7.6 Conducted disturbance of
RF
3 class: 10V IEC 60255-22-6
IEC 61000-4-6
7.7 Power frequency magnetic
field disturbance
5 class: 100A/m IEC 61000-4-8 No defined in
IEC60255-22
7.8 Pulse frequency magnetic
field disturbance

5 class: 1000A/m IEC 61000-4-9 No defined in
IEC60255-22
7.9 Damped oscillatory
magnetic disturbance
5 class:100A/m IEC 61000-4-10 Actual up to
120A/m,No
defined
in IEC 60255 -
22
7.10 interruptions in auxiliary
energizing quantities
50ms GB/T 8367-1987
(eqv IEC60255-
11)
IEC 61000-4-11
7.11 Electromagnetic emission
limits
IEC 60255-25
(GB/T14598.16
-2002, IDT)
8 safety
8.1 IP rating IP20 IEC 60529,
GB 16836-1997
8.2 Insulation cooperation Clearance and
creepage distance
IEC 60255-
5:2000
GB 16836-1997
8.3 Maximum temperature of
material
According with the
standard
GB 16836-1997
8.4 Flammability of insulation
materials
V0 class IEC 60950
GB 16836-1997
8.5 Protection against
Electric shock
I class IEC 60536
GB 16836-1997
-9-
9 Trip relay contact
9.1 Capacity of contact cut out 50W
9.2 Current of long time 5A
3.2 Function data
3.2.1 Differential protection unit data
Table 4: Differential protection unit data
Differential protection Setting ranges
High-current stage I
D
>>
Differential current I
D
>
Restraint current I
R1
Restraint current I
R2
Percentage of slope 2
2
nd
harmonic restraint ratio
5
th
harmonic restraint ratio
Times
Operating time
(At 2 times of set value I
D
>)
Operating time
(At 1.5 times of set value
I
D
>>)
Drop-off time
Drop-off ratio
Tolerances
Pickup characteristic
Inrush Restraint
Additional Delay Times
Others
Percentage of slop 1
Percentage of slop 3
settable 0.5A-100A
settable 0.1A-20A
0.2I
e
~1.0I
e
2I
e
~10I
e
0.2~0.7
0.05~0.30
0.10~0.60
less than 30ms
less than 20ms
approx. 40ms
approx. 0.7
5% of set value or 0.02I
N
5% of set value
1% of set value or 10ms
0.2 fixed
0.7 fixed
3.2.2 Restricted earth fault protection unit data
Table 5: Restricted earth fault protection unit data
Restricted earth fault
protection
Setting ranges
Differential current I
0D
>
Percent restrained K
0D
>
Times
Operating time
(At 2 times of set value)
Drop-off time
Drop-off ratio
Tolerance
Pickup characteristic
Additional time delay
0.3I
e
~1.0I
e
(I
e
: nominal current
of the reference side )
0.2~0.7
less than 30ms
approx. 40ms
approx. 0.7
N
less than 30ms
-10-
3.2.3 Overflux protection unit data
Table 6: Overflux protection unit data
Overflux protection
(Definite-time and
inverse-time
Overflux )
Setting Ranges
Reference voltage U
N
Ratio(
>
N
N
f f
U U
/
/
):
Time Delay T
Pair of Values for Characteristic
of V/f
Times
At 1.2 times of set value
Drop-off time
Drop-off ratio
Tolerance
Ratio(
>
N
N
f f
U U
/
/
):
Time delays for definite
characteristic
Time delays for Inverse
characteristic
40~100V
1.00~1.50
0.1s~9999.0s
1.10/1.15/1.20/1.25/1.30
/1.35/1.40
less than 40ms
approx. 40ms
Not less than 0.96
2.5% of the set value or less
than 40ms
3.0% of the set value or less
than 40ms
3.2.4 Definite-time and IDMTL overcurrent protection unit data
Table 7: Definite-time and IDMTL overcurrent protection unit data
Definite-time
overcurrent
protection (with
Setting ranges
Current I>
Time delay T
The sensitive angle of directional
element
Times
Pickup time I>
Operating time At 1.2 times of
set value
Drop-off time I>
Tolerance
Current pickup I>
Angle of the directional element
Time delays
Drop-off ratio
I>,
Directional element:
Voltage threshold
0.1I
N
to 20I
N
0.1 to 20s
-45
approx. 20ms
less than 40ms
approx. 40ms
N
3
not more than 40ms
not more than 0.90
1V
1702
IDMTL overcurrent
protection (with
selective direction )
Setting ranges
Current I>
The sensitive angle of directional
element
Times
Pickup time I>
0.1I
N
to 20I
N
-45
approx. 20ms
less than 100ms
-11-
set value
Drop-off time I>
Minimum operating time
Maximum operating time
Tolerance
Current pickup I>
Time delays
Voltage threshold
approx. 40ms
100ms
100s
N
3
not more than 5% or 0.3s
1V
1702
3.2.5 Definite-time and IDMTL neutral current protection unit data
Table 8: Definite-time and IDMTL neutral current protection unit data
Definite-time neutral
current protection
(with selective
direction)
Setting ranges
Current 3I
0
>
Time delay T
Times
Pickup time 3I
0
>
set value
Drop-off time 3I
0
>
Tolerance
Current pickup 3I
0
>
Time delays
Drop-off ratio
3I
0
>
Zero voltage threshold
0.1I
N
to 20I
N
0.1 to 20s
approx. 20ms
less than 40ms
approx. 40ms
N
3
not more than 40ms
approx. 0.9
0.5V
1603
IDMTL neutral current
protection (with
Setting ranges
Current 3I
0
>
Times
Pickup time 3I
0
>
set value
Drop-off time 3I
0
>
Minimum operating time
Maximum operating time
Tolerance
Current pickup 3I
0
>
Time delays
Voltage threshold
0.1I
N
to 20I
N
approx. 20ms
less than 100ms
approx. 40ms
100ms
100s
N
3
1V
1603
3.2.6 Neutral displacement protection unit data
Table 9: Neutral displacement protection unit data
Neutral displacement
protection(for HV,MV
and LV side of the
transformer)
Setting ranges
Voltage 3U
0
>
Time delay T
Times
2 to 300V(HV & MV ),
2 to 100V (LV )
0.1 to 20s
-12-
Pickup time 3U
0
>
set value
Drop-off time 3U
0
>
Tolerance
Voltage pickup 3U
0
>
Time delays
Drop-off ratio
3U
0
>
approx. 20ms
less than 40ms
approx. 40ms
5% of set value or 0.1V
not more than 40ms
approx. 0.9
3.2.7 Thermal overload protection unit data
Table 10: Thermal overload protection unit data
Thermal overload
protection
Setting ranges
Current I>
Thermal heating/cooling time
const
1-H/C hot spot weighting factor
Times
Operating times are calculated
from IEC Cold Curve and IEC Hot
Curve.
IEC Cold Curve
IEC Hot Curve
Tolerance
Current pickup I>
Thermal trip time
0.1I
N
to 10I
N
0.0s~9000.0s
0.0~1.0

=
2 2
2 2
) / 1 (
ln
I I
I C H I
t
eq
P eq
N
3.2.8 Pole discordance protection unit data
Table 11: Pole discordance protection unit data
Pole discordance
protection
Setting ranges
Current 3I
0
>
Current I
2
>
Time delay T
Times
Pickup time 3I
0
> ,I
2
>
set value
Drop-off time 3I
0
>, I
2
>
Tolerance
Current pickup 3I
0
>, I
2
>
Time delays
Drop-off ratio
3I
0
>, I
2
>
0.1I
N
to 20I
N
0.1I
N
to 20I
N
0.1 to 20s
approx. 20ms
less than 40ms
approx. 40ms
N
not more than 40ms
approx. 0.9
|
|
\
|
=
2 2
2
ln
I I
I
t
eq
eq
-13-
3.2.9 Over load protection unit data
Table 12: Over load protection unit data
Overload protection Setting ranges
Operating quantity
Setting range
Alarm time delay
Reset ratio
Tolerance
Current I>
Time delays
Definite time, one stage.
0.1-20A
0.1-3600 seconds. Current
overload is used only for alarm.
Not less than 0.96
N
approx. 40ms
3.2.10 Negative Phase Sequence Imbalance Detection protection unit data
Table 13: Negative phase sequence imbalance detection protection unit data
Negative Phase
Sequence Imbalance
Detection protection
Setting ranges
Current setting (I2>)
Time delay
0.1-20A
0.1-20s
-14-
4. Hardware functions
4.1 Hardware arrangements
9TE 2TE 9TE 9TE 4TE 4TE 8TE 4TE 4TE 4TE 4TE 2TE 6TE 4TE 4TE
CSC- 326 Numer i cal Tr ansf or mer Pr ot ect i on( Model 1)
AI 3
6
S
F
.
0
0
1
.
0
4
1
.
2
6
S
F
.
0
0
1
.
0
4
1
.
2
6
S
F
.
0
0
1
.
0
4
1
.
2
AI 1
1 2
AI 2
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
7
1
.
2
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
1
0
0
.
1
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
7
1
.
2
3 4 5 6
MASTER
7
DI
12
POWER
6
S
F
.
0
0
9
.
0
3
0
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
1
2
5
.
1
~
3
4TE 4TE
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
4
1
.
3
10
DO2
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
4
4
9
DO1
11
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
4
5
DO3
Fig.3: Arrangement diagram of the CSC-326 system module (Model 2)
9TE 2TE 9TE 9TE 4TE 4TE 8TE 4TE 4TE 4TE 4TE 2TE 6TE 4TE 4TE
CSC- 326 Numer i cal Tr ansf or mer Pr ot ect i on( Model 2)
AI 3
6
S
F
.
0
0
1
.
0
4
1
.
2
6
S
F
.
0
0
1
.
0
4
1
.
2
AI 1
1
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
7
1
.
2
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
1
0
0
.
1
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
7
1
.
2
2 3 4 5
MASTER
6
DI
10
POWER
6
S
F
.
0
0
9
.
0
3
0
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
1
2
5
.
1
~
3
4TE 4TE
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
4
1
.
3
8
DO2
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
4
4
7
DO1
9
6
S
F
.
0
0
4
.
0
4
5
DO3
Fig.4: Arrangement diagram of the CSC-326 system modules (Model 1)
4.2 Operations of complete units
Analog input unit (AI)
There are 3 analog input units, which consists of voltage and current transformers. 36
analog inputs at most are available in the analog input section. The parameters of the
current and voltage transformers are as follows:
Phase current transformer: rated current 5A or 1A.
Phase voltage transformer: rated voltage 63.5V, linearity range 1V~100V.
Open delta voltage transformer: linearity range 3V~300V.
Protection CPU plug-in unit (CPU)
CPU unit is a key element; the same two units are used for redundancy. CPU plug-in
-15-
unit is responsible for all the protection function A/D conversation software and hardware
self monitoring and diagnostics.
Communication master plug-in unit (MASTER)
The function of this unit is device master and communication. The main functions are
as follows:
Receiving and storing the fault report and event report of the CPU unit, output for
printing and communicating with the monitoring system and protection engineering
workstation by Lon network or Ethernet network
Output report to the display screen and operating the device with the keyboard of the
front panel.
The standard RS-232 port in front panel is suitable for connecting a PC. The PC based
software CSPC can be used for convenient and transparent setting, recording disturbance
and evaluation as well as commissioning. 2 RS485 and 2 Ethernet interfaces (or 2 electric
or fiber Ethernet interfaces, selective) are equipped on the rear board. It is convenient to
connect to a substation automation system or to a protection data master unit.
Digital input plug-in unit (DI)
The CPU obtains external information through the digital inputs such as blocking
commands for protective functions or position indications of circuit breakers.
Digital output plug-in unit (DO)
The CPU issues commands to external equipment via the output contacts. These
output commands are generally used to operate circuit breakers or other switching
devices. They can also be connected to other protective devices, annunciators, or external
carrier equipment for use in Pilot-Relaying schemes.4 digital input plug-in units and 39
outputs at most are provided.
Power supply plug-in unit (POW)
The CSC-326 can be supplied with power supply voltage 110V or 220V. The output of
power supply unit is +24V, 12V, +5V.
4.3 Front panel
SI O
QUI T SET
F1 F3 F2 - + F4
RESET
Fig.5: Front panel of CSC 326
-16-
5 Protection functions
5.1 Differential protection unit(ANSI-87T)
5.1.1 Function description
Basic principle
The numerical current differential protection of the CSC-326 is a fast short-circuits
protection for transformers. The protected zone is selectively limited by the CTs at its ends.
When an external fault causes a heavy current to flow through the protected transformer,
differences in the magnetic characteristics of the current transformers CT1 and CT2 under
conditions of saturation may cause a significant current to flow through the differential
element. To prevent the protection from such erroneous operation, a stabilizing current is
brought in.
1
I
2
I
T
The protected object
Fig.6: Basic principle of differential protection for two ends (single phase)
Current restraint
The differential current
diff
I and the restraining current
res
I are calculated by the
following formula (5-1):
=
=
=

=
1
1
(max)
1
) (
2
1
N
i
i j
res
N
i
i
diff
j i I I I
I I
(5-1)
Where,
i
I
is the current vector of side I,

i
I
is the vector of current of HV, MV and LV windings;

N- Total current input, suppose it is N sides;
(max) j
I
- The maximum current vector of the N input, suppose it is side j;

1
1
( )
N
i
i
I i j
- Sum of the other current input, not including side j.

diff
I is derived from the fundamental frequency current and produces the tripping
effect quantity,
res
I counteracts this effect
i
I
is the current of every side. To clarify the

situation, three important operating conditions with ideal and matched measurement
qualities should be examined.
Transformers are subject to a number of influences that induce differential currents
-17-
even during normal operation, such as automatic ratio compensation, automatic vector
group compensation, instantaneous differential protection, treble slope percentage
differential protection, inrush stabilization, over-flux stabilization, CT saturation recognition
and CT failure supervision etc.
Automatic Ratio compensation
Differences in the matching of CTs to the rated current of the transformer are not
uncommon. These differences result in an error that leads to a differential current.
The characteristic values of the transformer, i.e. rated apparent power, rated voltages
and primary rated CT currents, are entered in the protective device, and the rated current
of the every side of the transformer
N
I
1
is calculated automatically according to the
following formula:

N
N
N
U
S
I
1
1
3
=
Where,
N
S - Rated apparent power of the transformer

1N
U -Rated voltage
The secondary rated current is calculated by the following formula, for differential
protection,
e
I is taken as the reference current.

CTHV
N
e
n
I
I
1
=
Rated current of the High voltage side is taken as the reference current. The digitized
currents are automatic matched the rated current of the high voltage side of the
transformer, and a correction factor K
CT
for MV or LV side is calculated according to the
following formula:

CTHV
CTMV
NHV
NMV
CTHV
CTMV
NMV N
NHV N
CTMV NMV
CTHV NHV
NMV
NHV
CTMV
n
n
U
U
n
n
U S
U S
n I
n I
I
I
K = = = =
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3 /
3 /
/
/

CTHV
CTLV
NHV
NLV
CTHV
CTLV
NLV N
NHV N
CTLV NLV
CTHV NHV
NLV
NHV
CTLV
n
n
U
U
n
n
U S
U S
n I
n I
I
I
K = = = =
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3 /
3 /
/
/
Where,
CTMV
K - Correction factor for middle voltage side

CTLV
K - Correction factor for Low voltage side
N
I
1
- Primary rated current of the transformer (
NHV
I
1
for high voltage side,

NMV
I
1
for middle voltage side,
NLV
I
1
for low voltage side)

N
I
2
- Secondary rated current of the transformer (
NHV
I
2

NMV
I
2
for middle voltage side,
NLV
I
2

CT
n - CT ratio of the transformer (
CTHV
n for high voltage side,
CTMV
n for
middle voltage side,
CTLV
n for low voltage side)
N
U
1
- Rated voltage of the transformer (
NHV
U
1
NMV
U
1
for
middle voltage side,
NLV
U
1
The primary and secondary rated currents for HV side are automatically calculated by
CPU according to the common parameters of the transformer, K
CT
for every side is
calculated too. You can look over these settings form the menu Set for Test. These
-18-
settings are very helpful for engineer to test the differential protection.
Automatic Vector group compensation
Transformers have different vector groups, which cause a shift of the phase angles
between the primary and the secondary side. Without adequate correction, this phase shift
would cause a differential current.
Transformers often have a wye-delta connection, to allow a maximum of versatility in
the use of the CSC326. All imaginable vector group compensations have been integrated in
the software. If the setting Vector Group Angle (VET GRP ANGLE) and the settings for
every connection type (wye or delta, 1-delta, 0-wye) are entered to the device, the vector
group compensation is automatically completed.
The following paragraph explains the basic principle of numerical vector group
connection in an exemplary way for an Y(N)d11 transformer.
A
B
C
Side 1
A
B
C
Side 2

A
I
B
I
C
I
B
I
C
I
A
I
A
I
A
I 3
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
=
(
(
(
(
C
B
A
C
B
A
I
I
I
I
I
I
1
1 -
0

0 1 -
1 0
1 - 1
3
1

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
=
(
(
(
(
C
B
A
C
B
A
I
I
I
I
I
I
1
0
0

0 0
1 0
0 1
1
Fig.7: Vector Group compensation for a Y(N)d11 Transformer (Isolated Star-point)
Deducting on side 1 the current (
B A
I I

) results in the current
A
I
, this has the same

direction as
A
I
on side 2. Multiplying it with 3 1 matches the absolute value. The matrix

describes the conversion for all three phases. The zero sequence currents are eliminated in
this case.
CSC-326 performs automatic phase angle compensation for the entire common
transformer winding connections. This simplifies application of the relay as all CTs could be
connected in wye.
Some cautions for the setting Vector Group Angle (VET GRP ANGLE) are follows:
-19-
Table 14: Instruction for Vector Group Angle setting
Setting name Values
HV WIND CONN/Y-0 D-1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1
MV WIND CONN/Y-0 D-1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
LV WIND CONN/Y-0 D-1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
VET GRP ANGLE odd odd even even odd odd -- --
Remarks Y-Y-D-
1/3/5/
7/9/11
Y-D-
D-
1/3/
5/7/
9/11
Y-Y-
Y-
0/2/
4/6/
8/10
/12
D-D-
D-
0/2/4
/6/8/
10/12
D-D-Y-
1/3/5/
7/9/11
D-Y-Y-
1/3/5/
7/9/11
invali
d
invalid
Remark: for two winding transformer, no setting MV WIND CONN/Y-0 D-1.
Instantaneous differential characteristics
An instantaneous (unrestrained) differential characteristics entail over-current
protection is provided for fast tripping on heavy internal faults. As soon as the differential
current rises above the threshold >>
D
I (setting >>
D
I ), a trip signal is issued regardless of
the magnitude of the restraining current. This is always the case when short-circuit current
is higher than 1/Ud*IN.
This stage can operate even when, for example, a considerable second harmonic is
present in the differential current, which is caused by current transformer saturation by a
DC component in the short-circuit current, and which could be interpreted by the inrush
inhibit function as an inrush current.
This high-current stage evaluates the fundamental component of the differential
current as well as the instantaneous values, Instantaneous value processing ensures fast
tripping even in case the fundamental component of the current is strongly reduced by
current transformer saturation. Fast trip area is shown in the Fig.8.
Treble slope percent differential protection
Percent differential protection uses a treble-slope dual break-point operating
characteristic with magnetizing inrush and over-flux inhibits integrated. Operation
characteristics of the differential protection with fault characteristic see in Fig.8.
Branch 1 represents the sensitivity threshold of the differential protection
(setting >
D
I ) and considers constant error currents such as magnetizing currents. Branch
2 considers current-proportional errors which may result from transformation errors of the
main CTs or the input CTs of the relay or which may be caused by mismatching or by the
influence of tap changers in transformers with voltage control. In the range of high
currents, which may give rise to CT saturation, branch 3 provides for additional
stabilization.
-20-
I
R1
I
D
>
I
diff
I
res
Restraint current
D
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
i
a
l

c
u
r
r
e
n
t
Slope 3
Slope 2
Slope 1
Trip area
block area
I
D
>>
Fast trip area
I
R2
Fig.8: Differential protection characteristics for transformers
The currents
diff
I and
res
I are compared by the differential protection with the
operating characteristic according to the following formula (5-2),

< + + +
< + +
+
res R D R R R R res diff
R res R D R R res diff
R res D res diff
I I I I S I I S I I S I
I I I I I S I I S I
I I I I S I
2 1 1 1 2 2 2 3
2 1 1 1 1 2
1 1
) ( ) (
) (
(5-2)
Where,
1
S - Slope of the branch 1, is fixed 0.2.

2
S - Slope of the branch 2, (setting DIFF SLOPE).

3
S - Slope of the branch 3, is fixed 0.7.

D
I - Setting for the sensitivity threshold of the differential protection, (setting
DIFF ID>)

1 R
I - Setting for the first breakpoint restraint current, (setting DIFF IR1)

2 R
I - Setting for the second breakpoint restraint current, (setting DIFF IR2)
If the quantities result into a locus in the trip area, a trip signal is given. This stage
cant operate when it is the inrush or over-flux stabilization.
Selective inrush stabilization schemes
CSC-326 provides 2 schemes to cope with the magnetizing inrush conditions. One
scheme is 2nd harmonic stabilization; the other scheme is fuzzy recognition of inrush
conditions based on the waveform. The two schemes are convenient for user to select by
the setting2nd HAR NOT WAVE (1- 2nd harmonic; 0-fuzzy recognition of inrush based on
waveform)
1) 2nd harmonic stabilization
In particular, high short-time magnetizing currents may be present in transformers
during power-up. Since these currents are seen only on one side of the transformer, they
act like fault current entering from one side.
The inrush currents can amount to a multiple of the rated current and are
characterized by a considerable 2nd harmonic content which is practically absent in the
case of short-circuit. If the second harmonic content exceeds a selective threshold (setting
DIFF 2nd HAR RATIO), tripping is blocked.
-21-
The ratio between the 2nd harmonic and the fundamental frequency component is
used for inrush discrimination; it is formula (5-3):
d har d
I K I
2 . 2
>
(5-3)
Where,
2 d
I - 2nd harmonics magnitude of differential current
2 . har
K
- Setting for 2nd harmonics ratio
d
I
- Fundamental frequency component of differential current.
In modern type transformers, the 2nd harmonics content may not exceed the
threshold value in all three phases on switch-on. To avoid spurious tripping, the cross block
function is activated. As soon as an inrush current is detected in one phase, the other
phases of the differential protection stage are blocked.
2) Fuzzy recognition of inrush based on the waveform
Assume differential current derivative as ( ) I k , sampling number per cycle is 2n, for
sequence of number:
n k n k I k I n k I k I k X ... 2 , 1 ), ) ( ) ( /( ) ( ) ( ) ( = + + + + =
(5-4)
Since the smaller ) (k X is, the more fault current information the point contains.
Degree of confidence for fault current is larger for this point. Otherwise, the larger ) (k X is,
the more inrush current information the point contains. Degree of confidence for inrush
current is larger for this point. Assume membership function as )] ( [ k X A , for n k ... 2 , 1 = , get
the fuzzy similarity coefficient N with point of one cycle:

=
=
n
k
n k X A N
1
/ )] ( [
(5-5)
Assume threshold K, if N>K, consider as fault current. Otherwise, consider as inrush
current.
The blocking mode is for each phase, which means that current is considered as inrush
current. Percentage differential current protection of this phase is blocked.
Over-flux stabilization
Unwanted differential currents may also be caused by transformer over-flux due to
excessive voltage.
Steady-state over-flux of the transformer is characterized by odd harmonic content.
The 3rd or 5th harmonic is suitable to provide stabilization. But, as the 3rd harmonic is
often eliminated in power transformers, the use of 5th harmonic is common.
The cross block feature with 5th harmonics works in the same way as with 2nd
harmonics. If the fifth harmonic content exceeds a selective threshold (setting DIFF 5th
HAR RATIO), tripping is blocked.
CT Failure supervision and CT saturation recognition
CT failure supervision can be enabled or disabled through setting CT FAIL DET ON
(1-on, 0-off), when CT failure, if the differential protection is in trip area, the differential
will trip.
The criteria for CT failure detection are as follows:
1) All three phases are normal, and the differential current is near to zero. When one
-22-
phase current is decreased to less than a threshold (half of the memory current),
maybe CT failure occurs in the mutative phase.
2) Only one phase in one side has no current and all three phases in others sides are
normal and differential current is more than a threshold, maybe CT failure occurs
in the phase without current.
CT saturation recognition is integrated in differential protection. The criteria for CT
saturation are as follows:
1) 2
nd
and 3
rd
harmonic current of all phase current, if the result of 2
nd
and 3
rd
harmonic is more than a threshold (fixed in the software), maybe CT saturation occurs.
2) Making use of the sampling differential to judge whether internal fault induce the
CT saturation.
If the CT saturation induced by external fault, the differential protection will be
blocked, whereas the protection will give trip signal.
Tripping Logic of the differential protection is shown in Fig.9.
IDIFF>> Trip
INST DIFF ON
2 2 . dA dA
I K I >
2 2 . dB dB
I K I >
2 2 . dC dC
I K I >
5 5 . dA dA
I K I >
5 5 . dB dB
I K I >
5 5 . dC dC
I K I >
CT Fail
Set dA
I I >
dB
I I >
dC
I I >
DIFF Alarm 5s
>=1
&
INST DIFF A ACT
PER DIFF ON
>=1
ID>
&
IDIFF> Trip
>=1
2nd HAR ON
5th HAR ON
>=1
&
&
CT FAIL DET ON
Set
Set
>=1
INST DIFF B ACT
INST DIFF C ACT
CT FAIL
&
DIFF ALARM ON
&
Fig.9: Tripping logic of the differential protection
Differential current alarm
When the imbalance differential current is more than a threshold (fixed
D
I 3 . 0 ,
D
I is
-23-
setting), alarm will be given to remind user to detect the secondary circuit and the setting
DIFF ALARM ON (1-on, 0-off) can be used to enable or disable this function.
In order to avoid the incorrect alarm, a step is adopted for the threshold when the
differential current is less than limits. It is shown in following formula. Timer for alarm is
fixed to 5 seconds.
= = <
= = <
A I A I A I
A I A I A I
n alarm D D
n alarm D D
5 if , 3 . 0 , 3 . 0 3 . 0
1 if , 1 . 0 , 1 . 0 3 . 0
.
.
5.1.2 Settings of differential protection
Table 15: Setting of Differential protection
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 DIFF ID>>
0.5100A 20
Instantaneous Differential
(ID>>) current setting
2 DIFF ID>
0.120A 2
Percentage Differential (ID>)
current setting
3 DIFF IR1
0.15A 2
The 1
st
breakpoint restraint
current (IR1)
4 DIFF IR2
0.150A 2
The 2
nd
breakpoint restraint
current (IR2)
5 DIFF SLOPE
0.20.7 0.7
the 2
nd
slope
6
DIFF 2nd HAR
RATIO
0.050.30 0.15
2
nd
harmonic(HAR) ratio
7
DIFF 5th HAR
RATIO
0.100.60 0.35
5
th
harmonic(HAR) ratio
8 IDIFF ON
1/0 0
Instantaneous differential(IDIFF)
protection ON 1-on; 0-off.
9 PDIFF ON
1/0 0
Percentage differential(PDIFF)
protection ON 1-on; 0-off.
10 2nd

HAR NOT WAVE
1/0 0
2
nd
harmonic(HAR) inhibit not
the fuzzy recognition based on
the waveform(WAVE)
1-2nd harmonic on;
0- waveform on
11 5th HAR ON
1/0 0
5
th
harmonic (HAR) inhibit on
1-on; 0-off.
12 DIFF ALARM ON
1/0 0
Differential current(DIFF)
Alarming on
1-on; 0-off.
13 CT FAIL DET ON
1/0 0
CT FAIL Detection(DET) on
1-on; 0-off.
Remark: above the double line for settings, below double lines for Control word.
Note: When the equipment is delivered, the differential protection function is switched to 0
(OFF), This is because this protection function must not be used before at least the vector
group angle and common parameters for every side have been correctly set. Without these
settings the equipment may show unpredictable behavior.(e.g. tripping)!
-24-
5.2 Restricted earth fault protection unit(ANSI-87TN)
The restricted earth fault protection detects earth faults in transformers. It is sensitive,
and more sensitive than the classical differential protection. Typical application would be
star-point earthing transformers and auto-transformers.
A precondition is that a CT is installed in the star-point connection, i.e. between the
star-point and earth. The star-point CT and the three phase CTs define the limits of the
protected zone exactly.
Examples are illustrated in the Figures 10 to 11.
A
B
C
Side 1
A
B
C
Side 2
CSC-326 01
3I
2 . A
I
2 . B
I
2 . C
I
Fig.10: Restricted earth fault protection on an earthed transformer winding

A
B
C
CSC-326
A
B
C
01
3I
2 . A
I
2 . B
I
2 . C
I
3 . A
I
3 . B
I
3 . C
I
Fig.11: Restricted earth fault protection on an auto-transformer

Basic principle
During healthy operation, no neutral current
01
3I
flows through the neutral lead, the

residual current
2 . 2 . 2 . 02
3
C B A
I I I I

+ + = is zero (Fig.9). For auto-transformer the residual
current
2 . 2 . 2 . 02
3
C B A
I I I I

+ + = and
3 . 3 . 3 . 03
3
C B A
I I I I

+ + = are zero (Fig.11).
When an earth fault occurs in the protected zone, a neutral current
01
3I will flow;
depending on the neutral point earthing conditions of the power system a further neutral
-25-
current may be recognized in the residual current path of the phase CTs. Since all currents,
which flow into the protected zone, are defined positive, the residual current from the
system will be more or less in phase with the neutral point current.
When an earth fault occurs outside the protected zone, a neutral point current
01
3I will
flow equally; but the residual current of the phase CTs
02
3I is now of equal magnitude and
in phase opposition with the neutral point current.
When a fault without earth connection occurs outside the protected zone, a residual
current may occur in the residual current path of the phase CT, which is caused by
different saturation of the phases under strong through-current conditions. This current
could simulate a fault in the protected zone. Wrong tripping must be avoided under such
condition.
The differential current
0 diff
I and the restraining current
0 res
I are calculated according
to formula (5-6),

} 3 , 3 , 3 max{
3 3 3
3 . 0 2 . 0 1 . 0 0
3 . 0 2 . 0 1 . 0 0
=
+ + =
I I I I
I I I I
res
diff

(5-6)
0 diff
I and
0 res
I are compared by the restricted earth fault protection with the operating
characteristic according to the following formula (5-7), Ratio compensation and CT fault
recognition etc are integrated in the protection.
>

D D res res D diff
D D res D diff
S I I I S I
S I I I I
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
/
/
(5-7)
Where,
D
I
0
- setting for the sensitivity threshold of restricted earth fault protection

D
S
0
- Slope of the branch
Diff0
I
Res0
I
0D
I
D
S
0
Trip area
block area
Fig.12: Characteristic of restricted earth fault protection
Percent differential protection uses a dual-slope operating characteristic, Restraint
characteristic of restricted earth fault protection see in Fig.12.
Zero differential Ratio compensation
If 3-phase CT ratio is unequal to REF CT ratio, the difference in currents results an
error that leads to a zero differential current. So the reference side is taken and zero
differential ratio compensation is calculated by the software.
For normal transformer, zero differential ratios are calculated according to the
following formula:
-26-
HV
REFHV
REFHV
n
n
K = ;
MV
REFMV
REFMV
n
n
K = ;
LV
REFLV
REFLV
n
n
K =
Where,
REFHV
K - ratio compensation for HV NCT;

REFMV
K - ratio compensation for MV NCT;

REFLV
K - ratio compensation for LV NCT;
For auto-transformer, zero differential ratios are calculated according to the following
formula:
HV
MV
MV
n
n
K = ,
HV
REF
REF
n
n
K =
Where,
MV
K - ratio compensation for MV CT;

REF
K - ratio compensation for common winding NCT;
Reference side selection is shown in Table 16.
Table 16: Reference side selection for REF functions
Type function HV REF MV REF LV REF
2 winding HV CT --- LV CT
3 winding HV CT MV CT ---
Auto-transformer HV CT --- ---
Remark: ---shows that the function is not configured.
REF zero differential current alarm
When the imbalance zero differential current is more than a threshold (fixed
D
I
0
3 . 0 ,
D
I
0
is setting), alarm will be given to remind user to detect the secondary circuit.
In order to avoid the incorrect alarm, a step is adopted for the threshold when the
zero differentials current is less than limits. It is shown in following formula. Timer for
alarm is fixed to 5 seconds.
= = <
= = <
A I A I A I
A I A I A I
n alarm D D
n alarm D D
5 if , 3 . 0 , 3 . 0 3 . 0
1 if , 1 . 0 , 1 . 0 3 . 0
.
.

REF ON
&
REF Trip
REF Alarm
I
diff0
>0.3I
0D
&
5s
Fig.13: Tripping logic of the restricted earth fault protection.
Tripping Logic of the restricted earth fault protection is shown in Fig.13.
5.2.2 Settings of Restricted earth fault protection
-27-
Table 17: Setting of Restricted earth fault protection
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 HV REF I> 0.110A 2 Restricted earth fault setting
2 HV REF SLOPE
0.20.7
0.5
Slope setting for restricted earth fault
protection
3 HV REF ON 1/0 0
HV Restricted earth fault (REF) ON
1-on; 0-off.
4 MV REF I>
0.110A
2 Restricted earth fault setting
5 MV REF SLOPE 0.20.7 0.5
protection
6 MV REF ON
1/0
0
MV Restricted earth fault (REF) ON
1-on; 0-off.
7 LV REF I>
0.110A
2 Restricted earth fault setting
8 LV REF SLOPE
0.20.7
0.5
protection
9 LV REF ON
1/0
0
LV Restricted earth fault (REF) ON
1-on; 0-off.
Remarks: 1. Different functions for HV, MV and LV are distinguished by treble lines;
2. In one function, above the double line for settings, below double lines for
Control word.
5.3 Over-flux protection unit (ANSI 24)
The over-flux protection is used to detect impermissible over-flux conditions which can
endanger transformers. The over-flux protection must pick up when the induction
admissible for the protected transformers is exceeded. The transformer is endangered, for
example, if the power station block is disconnected from the system for full-load, and if the
voltage regulator either does not operate or does not operate sufficiently fast to control the
associated voltage rise. Similarly, decrease in frequency, e.g. in island system, can
endanger the transformer because of increased induction.
An increase in induction above the rated values leads very quickly to saturation of the
iron core and to large eddy current losses. The over-flux protection feature servers to
measure the voltage/frequency ratio which is proportional to the B induction and puts it in
relation to the B
N
nominal induction. In this context, both voltage and frequency are
related to nominal values of the object to be protected transformer. The formula (5-8) is
for calculating the voltage/hertz ratio. The calculation is based on the maximum voltage of
the three phase voltages. The frequency range from 25Hz to 65Hz can be monitored in this
way.

*
*
f
U
f U
f U
B
B
N
N N N
= = = (5-8)
Where, N - ratio of volt/hertz
U - phase-neutral voltage
The over-flux protection feature includes two staged characteristics and one thermal
-28-
characteristic for an approximate modeling of the heating which the over-flux may cause to
the protected transformers. The inverse characteristic can be set via seven points derived
from the manufacturer data (see Fig.14); In addition, a definite-time alarm stage and a
definite-time trip stage can be used.
u/f
N0
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
N6
N
7
T7
t ( s)
T6 T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 T0
P
i
c
k
u
p

t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d

u
/
f
Inverse trip stage
overflux trip stage
Fig.14: Inverse over-flux characteristic
Tripping Logic of the over-flux protection is shown in Fig.15.
Alarm F V
f
U
AB
_ / >
Alarm F V
f
U
BC
_ / >
Alarm F V
f
U
CA
_ / >
>=1
V/F Alarm ON
&
T Alarm
DEF V/ F Alarm
V/F Voltage
V
P-P
Alarm F V
f
U
A
_ / >
Alarm F V
f
U
B
_ / >
Alarm F V
f
U
C
_ / >
>=1
&
-29-
Trip F V
f
U
AB
_ / >
Trip F V
f
U
BC
_ / >
Trip F V
f
U
CA
_ / >
>=1
V/F Trip ON
&
T Trip
DEF V/ F Trip
V/F Voltage
V
P-P
>=1
Trip F V
f
U
A
_ / >
Trip F V
f
U
B
_ / >
Trip F V
f
U
C
_ / >
&
IVR V/F P
AB
>=1
INV V/F ON
&
INV V/ F Trip
IVR V/F P
BC
IVR V/F P
CA
V/F Voltage
VP-P
>=1
IVR V/F P
A
IVR V/F P
B
IVR V/F P
C
&
Fig.15: Tripping logic of over-flux protection
5.3.2 Settings of Over-flux protection
Table 18: Setting of over-flux protection
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 HV Ubase 40100 57.3 Nominal phase voltage in HV side
2 HV DEF V/F> Alarm 1.0...1.5 1.1 Alarming setting of volt/herz
3 HV T DEF V/F Alarm 0.19999s 10
Timer setting for volt/herz alarming
stage
4 HV DEF V/F>> Trip 1.0...1.5 1.2
Tripping setting of definite volt/herz
stage
5 HV T DEF V/F Trip 0.19999s 10
Timer setting for definite volt/herz
stage
6 HV T1 IVR V/F=1.10 0.19999s 70 Timer setting for volt/herz=1.10
-30-
13 HV V/F> ALARM ON 1/0 0
HV Definite Overflux (V/F) Alarming on
1-on; 0-off.
14
HV DEF V/F> TRIP
ON
1/0 0
HV Definite (DEF)Overflux (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
15 HV IVR V/F> ON 1/0 0
HV Inverse (IVR)Overflux (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
16 MV Ubase 40...100 57.3 Nominal phase voltage in MV side
17 MV DEF V/F> Alarm 1.0...1.5 1.1 Alarming setting of volt/herz
18 MV T DEF V/F Alarm 0.19999s 10
stage
19 MV DEF V/F>> Trip 1.0...1.5 1.2
stage
20 MV T DEF V/F Trip 0.19999s 10
stage
21
MV T1 IVR
V/F=1.10
0.19999s 70 Timer setting for volt/herz=1.10
22
MV T2 IVR
V/F=1.15
23
MV T3 IVR
V/F=1.20
24
MV T4 IVR
V/F=1.25
25
MV T5 IVR
V/F=1.30
26
MV T6 IVR
V/F=1.35
27
MV T7 IVR
V/F=1.40
28 MV V/F> ALARM ON 1/0 0
MV Definite Overflux (V/F) Alarming on
1-on; 0-off.
29
MV DEF V/F> TRIP
ON
1/0 0
MV Definite (DEF)Over-flux (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
30 MV IVR V/F> ON 1/0 0
MV Inverse (IVR)Over-flux (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
Remarks: 1. Different functions for HV, MV and LV are distinguished by treble lines;
2. In one function, above the double line for settings, below double lines for
Control word.
-31-
5.4 Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection unit
This protection function is a backup protection for the transformer and the power
system. The protection comprises 2 stages definite overcurrent I> and 1 stage IDMTL
overcurrent. The integrated directional function can be applied to the overcurrent
protection via binary settings. This function is offered in every side of the transformer.
Definite overcurrent element
If the direction is disabled, the overcurrent element only use the maximum current of
three phase current, the operation criterion is

set c b a
I I I I > ) , , max( (5-9)
Where,
set
I - setting for overcurrent protection.
If the direction is enabled, the overcurrent element operate for each phase, the
operation criterion is:

set
I I >
( c b a , , = ) (5-10)
IDMTL overcurrent element
IDMTL overcurrent element using the IEC or ANSI curves is provided. Both IEC curves
and ANSI curves can be expressed by one formula as follows,

(
(
(
(
(
= B
I
I
A
M t
P
S
1
(5-11)
Where, I - Fault current;

S
I - current setting;
M - time multiplier;
A, P, B- the characteristic parameter for IDMTL curves, reference to table 14.
IEC IDMTL curves include four kind curves, and they are NI (Normal Inverse), VI
(Inverse), EI (Extreme Inverse), and LTI. ANSI curves include three kinds of curves, and
they are MI, VI and EI. The maximum timer t for IEC and ANSI is fixed to 100s.
In order to meet the IEC and ANSI curves, the function include setting M, setting A,
setting P, setting B and setting
S
I .
Table 19: parameters for IDMTL curves
IDMTL Curves Parameter A Parameter P Parameter B
IEC NI 0.14 0.02 0
IEC VI 13.5 1.0 0
IEC EI 80.0 2.0 0
IEC LTI 120.0 1.0 0
ANSI MI 0.0515 0.02 0.114
ANSI VI 19.61 2.0 0.491
ANSI EI 28.2 2.0 0.1217
-32-
Directional element
The phase angle difference of input current and voltage of the directional element
is

90 , and the operation range is

85
lm
. There are three separate directional elements.
lm
is positive when voltage is leading to current.
85
0
bc
U
a I
0
45 =
lm
85
0
bc
U
a I
0
135 =
lm
a) Direction to transformer b) Direction to system

Figure 16: Phase-phase directional element characteristic
The directional element can be enabled via binary setting DIR ON (1-On, 0-Off), and
the forward direction can be selected via binary setting DIR TO SYS (1-direction to
system, 0-direction to transformer). In order to avoid the voltage dead zone for three-
phase fault at relay location, the memory voltage is used for directional element. Every
definite stage and IDMTL has separate binary setting to select whether direction is put on
and the direction of the directional element. The directional element voltage of every side
use the voltage on itself side.
Note:
lm
=-45 represents the voltage is lagging by current.
The logic for Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection is shown in Fig. 17.
OC Trip
O/C ON
&
I>Iset
T
O/C DIR ON
VT failure
&
DIR Positive
IDMTL OC Trip
IDMTL O/C ON
&
Inverse Curve>
T
IDMTL DIR ON
VT failure
&
DIR Positive
Fig.17: Tripping logic for definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection.
-33-
5.4.2 Settings of definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection
Table 20: Setting of definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 HV OC I1> 0.1100 100
Overcurrent (OC) setting for 1
st
stage
( I1> )
2 T HV OC I1> 0.120s 20 Timer setting for 1
st
stage OC
3 HV OC I2> 0.1100 100
nd
stage
( I2> )
nd
stage OC
5
IDMTL HV OC
TimeMult
0.025...2.0 1
6
IDMTL HV OC
CONST A
0.0130.0 20
7
IDMTL HV OC
POWER P
0.02...2.0 2
8
IDMTL HV OC PARA
B
0.01.0 0
9 IDMTL HV OC I> 0.1100A 5
Ref to IEC and ANSI Curves
10 HV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) Overcurrent (OC) in HV
side on
11 HV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
Direction (DIR) detection of 1
st
Stage(_1) of Overcurrent (OC) in HV
side
12
HV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
Direction (DIR) of 1
st
stage (_1)
Overcurrent (OC)to system not
transformer itself in HV side
13 HV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) Overcurrent (OC) in HV
side on
14 HV OC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
Stage(_2) of Overcurrent(OC) in HV
side
15
HV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
Overcurrent (OC) to system not
16 HV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in HV side on
17
HV IDMTL OC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Direction (DIR) detection of IDMTL
Overcurrent (OC) in HV side
18
HV IDMTL OC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
Direction (DIR) of IDMTL Overcurrent
(OC)to system not transformer itself
in HV side
19 MV OC I1> 0.1100 100
st
stage
( I1> )
20 T MV OC I1> 0.120s 20 Timer setting for 1
st
stage OC
21 MV OC I2> 0.1100 100
nd
stage
( I2> )
nd
stage OC
23
IDMTL MV OC
TimeMult
0.0252.0 1 Ref to IEC and ANSI Curves
-34-
24
IDMTL MV OC
CONST A
0.0130.0 20
25
IDMTL MV OC
POWER P
0.022.0 2
26
IDMTL MV OC PARA
B
0.01.0 0
27 IDMTL MV OC I> 0.1100A 5
28 MV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) Overcurrent (OC) with
time delay T in MV side on
29 MV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
Stage(_1) of Overcurrent(OC) in MV
side
30
MV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
direction (DIR) of 1
st
stage (_1)
transformer itself in MV side
31 MV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) Overcurrent (OC) with
time delay T in MV side on
32 MV OC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
Stage(_2) of Overcurrent(OC) in MV
side
33
MV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
34 MV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in MV side on
35
MV IDMTL OC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Overcurrent(OC) in MV side
36
MV IDMTL OC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
in MV side
37 LV OC I1> 0.1100 100
st
stage
(I1>)
38 T LV OC I1> 0.120s 20 Timer setting for 1
st
stage OC
39 LV OC I2> 0.1100 100
nd
stage
(I2>)
40 T LV OC I2> 0.120s 20 Timer setting for 2
nd
stage OC
41
IDMTL LV OC
TimeMult
0.025...2.0 1
42
IDMTL LV OC
CONST A
0.0130.0 20
43
IDMTL LV OC
POWER P
0.022.0 2
44
IDMTL LV OC PARA
B
0.01.0 0
45 IDMTL LV OC I 0.1100A 5
46 LV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) of Overcurrent (OC) in LV
side on
47 LV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
Stage(_1) of Overcurrent(OC) in LV
side
-35-
48
LV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
st
stage (_1)
transformer itself in LV side
49 LV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) of Overcurrent (OC) in LV
side on
50 LV OC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
stage
(_2) of Overcurrent(OC) in LV side
51
LV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
52 LV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in LV side on
53
LV IDMTL OC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Overcurrent(OC) in LV side
54
LV IDMTL OC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
in LV side
5.5 Definite and IDMTL Neutral current protection unit
This protection function is a backup protection for the transformer and the power
system. The protection comprises 2 stages definite residual current 3I
0
> and 1 stage
IDMTL neutral current. The integrated directional function can be applied to the neutral
current protection via binary settings.
This protection is only using as backup protection for transformer and adjacent
element for ground fault in directly earthed system. This function is offered in every side of
the transformer.
Zero sequence overcurrent element
Zero sequence overcurrent element calculated by three phase current for every side.

set
I I
0 0
3 3 > (5-12)
Where,
set
I
0
3 - setting of zero sequence overcurrent.
IDMTL neutral current element
IDMTL neutral current curves are same to IDMTL overcurrent curves, it is reference to
IDMTL overcurrent.
Zero sequence directional element
Voltage and current for zero sequence directional elements all are calculated by three
phase quantity. The maximum sensitive angle
lm
is -100. The operation range is

80
lm
.
The forward direction can be selected with control word as pointing to the transformer or
system.
-36-
80
0
0 3

U
0 3

I
0
80 =
lm
80
0
0 3

U
0 3

I
0
100 =
lm
a) Direction to transformer b) Direction to system

Figure 18: Characteristic of zero sequence direction elements
The logic for Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection is shown in Fig.19.
NC Trip
N/C ON
&
3I0>3I0set
T
N/C DIR ON
VT failure
&
DIR Positive
IDMTL NC Trip
IDMTL N/C ON
&
Inverse Curve>
T
IDMTL DIR ON
VT failure
&
DIR Positive
Fig.19: Tripping logic for definite and IDMTL neutral current protection
5.5.2 Settings of definite and IDMTL neutral current protection
Table 21: Setting of definite and IDMTL neutral current protection
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 HV NC I01> 0.1100 100
Neutral Current (NC) setting for 1
st
stage ( I01> )
2 T HV NC I01> 0.120s 20 Timer setting for 1
st
stage NOC
3 HV NC I02> 0.1100 100
nd
stage ( I02> )
nd
stage NOC
5
IDMTL HV NC
TimeMult
0.025..2.0 1
6
IDMTL HV NC CONST
A
0.0130.0 20
7
IDMTL HV NC POWER
P
0.02...2.0 2
8 IDMTL HV NC PARA B 0.01.0 0
-37-
9 IDMTL HV NC I0> 0.1100A 5
10 HV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC) in
HV side on
11 HV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
HV side on
12 HV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
Direction(DIR) detection of 1
st
high voltage (HV)side on
13 HV NC_1 DIR TO SYS 1/0 0
st
stage (_1)
Neutral Current (NOC)to system not
14 HV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
stage
(_2) Neutral Current (NC) in high
voltage (HV)side on
15 HV NC_2 DIR TO SYS 1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
Neutral Current (NC)to system not
16 HV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0
IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in HV
side on
17 HV IDMTL NC DIR ON 1/0 0
Direction(DIR) detection of IDMTL
Neutral Current (NC) in high voltage
(HV)side on
18
HV IDMTL NC DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
Direction (DIR) of IDMTL Neutral
Current (NC)to system not
19 MV NC I01> 0.1100 100
st
stage (I01>)
20 T MV NC I01> 0.120s 20 Timer setting for 1
st
stage NOC
21 MV NC I02> 0.1100 100
nd
stage (I02>)
nd
stage NOC
23
IDMTL MV NC
TimeMult
0.025...2.0 1
24
IDMTL MV NC CONST
A
0.0...130.0 20
25
IDMTL MV NC POWER
P
0.022.0 2
26 IDMTL MV NC PARA B 0.01.0 0
27 IDMTL MV NC I0> 0.1...100A 5
28 MV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
MV side on
29 MV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
MV side on
30 MV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
MV side on
31 MV NC_1 DIR TO SYS 1/0 0
st
stage (_1)
-38-
32 MV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
MV side on
33 MV NC_2 DIR TO SYS 1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
34 MV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0
IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in MV
side on
35 MV IDMTL NC DIR ON 1/0 0
(MV)side on
36
MV IDMTL NC DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
37 LV NC I01> 0.1100.0 100
st
stage (I01>)
38 T LV NC I01> 0.120s 20 Timer setting for 1
st
stage NOC
39 LV NC I02> 0.1100 100
nd
stage (I02>)
nd
stage NOC
41 IDMTL LV NC TimeMult 0.025...2.0 1
42 IDMTL LV NC CONST A 0130 20
43 IDMTL LV NC POWER P 0.02...2.0 2
44 IDMTL LV NC PARA B 0.01.0 0
45 IDMTL LV NC I0> 0.1100A 5
46 LV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
LV side on
47 LV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
high voltage (LV)side on
48 LV NC_1 DIR TO SYS 1/0 0
st
stage (_1)
49 LV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
LV side on
50 LV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
high voltage (LV)side on
51 LV NC_2 DIR TO SYS 1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
52 LV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0
IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in LV
side on
53 LV IDMTL NC DIR ON 1/0 0
(LV)side on
54
LV IDMTL NC DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
-39-
5.6 Neutral displacement protection unit
This protection is often used for the transformer which the neutral is not earthed. The
protection comprises 2 stage 3U
0
>, 1
st
stage for alarming, 2
nd
stage for tripping. This
function is offered in every side of the transformer.
For HV and MV side, neutral displacement protection adopts the open delta voltage.
For LV side, neutral displacement protection adopts the zero sequence voltage calculated
by three-phase voltage.
3U0 Alarm
3U0> Alarm ON
&
3U0> T1
3U0 Trip
3U0> Trip ON
&
3U
0
> T2
Fig.20: Tripping logic for neutral displacement protection
The logic for neutral displacement protection is shown in Fig. 20.
5.6.2 Settings of neutral displacement protection
Table 22: Setting of neutral displacement protection
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 HV 3U0> ALARM 2.0300.0 300
Neutral voltage setting for alarming
stage
2 T HV 3U0> ALARM 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
3 HV 3U0> TRIP 2.0300.0 300
Neutral voltage setting for tripping
stage
4 T HV 3U0> TRIP 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
5 HV 3U0> ALARM ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) alarm in
HV side on
6 HV 3U0> TRIP ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) trip in HV
side on
7 MV 3U0> ALARM 2.0300.0 300
stage
8 T MV 3U0> ALARM 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
9 MV 3U0> TRIP 2.0300.0 300
stage
10 T MV 3U0> TRIP 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
11 MV 3U0> ALARM ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) alarm in
MV side on
12 MV 3U0> TRIP ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) trip in MV
side on
13 LV 3U0> ALARM 2.0300.0 300
stage
14 T LV 3U0> ALARM 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
-40-
15 LV 3U0> TRIP 2.0300.0 300
stage
16 T LV 3U0> TRIP 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
17 LV 3U0> ALARM ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) alarm in LV
side on
18 LV 3U0> TRIP ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) trip in LV
side on
5.7 Thermal overload protection unit
Transformer design has changed, with less and less metal being used per MVA of
transformed power. This has reduced the withstand time a transformer can be allowed to
be run in an overloaded state. It is becoming more important to provide an additional
thermal protection to supplement the Winding Temperature device.
Thermal overload protection characteristic is provided as THERMAL IEC 60255-8. There
are IEC cold and IEC hot curves.
The cold curve is:
=
2 2
2
ln
I I
I
t
eq
eq
(5-13)
The hot curve is:

=
2 2
2 2
) / 1 (
ln
I I
I C H I
t
eq
P eq
(5-14)
Where, t - thermal trip time;

eq
I - equivalent thermal current, ( )
C B A eq
I I I I + + =
3
1
;
- thermal time constant;

I - rms thermal current setting;

( C H / 1 ) - hot spot weighting factor;

P
I - prior current takes into account cyclic loading.
When the thermal overload is accumulated to 80% of the total thermal ability, the
alarm report TEM Alarm will be given.
5.7.2 Settings of thermal overload protection
Table 23: Setting of thermal overload protection
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 HV TEM OLD I> 0.1...25.0 2 Setting for thermal overload
2
HV TEM OLD Time
Const
09000s 10
Time constant for thermal overload
protection
3
HV Weight Factor
H/C
0.0...1.0 0 Hot cool weight factor H/C
4 HV TEM OLD ON 1/0 0 Thermal overload in HV side on
-41-
5.8 Pole discordance protection unit
Pole discordance protection evaluates current components and the circuit-breaker
auxiliary contact. The contact for circuit breaker pole discordance is shown in Fig.21.
(NO_PhA means normal open contact for phase A/B/C; NC_PhA means normal close
contact for phase A, the contact definition for phase B and C are same as phase A)
NO_PhA
NO_PhB
NO_PhC
NC_PhA
NC_PhB
NC_PhC
To DI PD
Fig 21. Contact connection for circuit breaker pole discordance
The components include negative sequence current I
2
> and zero sequence current
3I
0
>. It can be started by external via digital input.
Pole discordance protection is provided for HV CB1, HV CB2 and MV CB.
The logic for pole discordance protection is shown in Fig. 22.
CB PD Trip
CB PD DI
&
CB PD ON
1
CUR ELE ON
&
1
I
2
>I
2set
3I
0
>I
0set
T
Fig.22: Tripping logic for circuit breaker pole discordance protection
If digital input for CB PD is existing, all three phase current are larger than a threshold
(fixed in the software, for 1A CT, the threshold is 0.06A; for 5A CT, the threshold is 0.3A.),
and the delay time is fixed 10 seconds. DI PD Alarm report will be given to remind user
to detect auxiliary contact and CT circuit.
The logic for pole discordance contact alarm is shown in Fig.23.
DI PD Alarm
CB PD DI
&
CB PD ON
10s
I
B
>I
set
IA>Iset
I
C
>I
set
Fig.23: Digital Input Alarm logic for circuit breaker pole discordance protection
5.8.2 Settings of pole discordance protection
Table 24: Setting of pole discordance protection
-42-
N
o
Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 HV CB PD 3I0> 0.1...100 100
Zero sequence current setting of Circuit breaker
pole discordance
2 HV CB PD I2> 0.1100 100
negative sequence current setting of Circuit
breaker pole discordance
3 T HV CB PD 0.120s 20 Timer setting for circuit breaker pole discordance
4 HV CB PD ON 1/0 0
Circuit break(CB) pole discordance (PD) in HV
side on
5
HV CB PD CUR
ELE ON
1/0 0
Circuit break(CB) pole discordance (PD)with
Current (CUR)element(ELE) in HV side on
6 HV CB2 PD 3I0> 0.1100 100
pole discordance
7 HV CB2 PD I2> 0.1100 100
8 T HV CB2 PD 0.120s 20 Timer setting for circuit breaker pole discordance
9 HV CB2 PD ON 1/0 0
Circuit break(CB) pole discordance (PD) in HV
side 2 on
10
HV CB2 PD CUR
ELE ON
1/0 0
Current (CUR)element(ELE) in HV side 2 on
11 MV CB PD 3I0> 0.1100 100
pole discordance
12 MV CB PD I2> 0.1100 100
13 T MV CB PD 0.120s 20 Timer setting for circuit breaker pole discordance
14 MV CB PD ON 1/0 0
Circuit break(CB) pole discordance (PD) in MV
side on
15
MV CB PD CUR
ELE ON
1/0 0
Current (CUR)element(ELE) in MV side on
5.9 Other auxiliary protection unit
Other auxiliary protections are provided. For example, overload protection, overcurrent
blocking voltage regulation protection etc. The overload protection is to protect all sides of
windings of transformer continuous overload currents. The protection only comprises a
definite time alarm stage. Overcurrent blocking voltage regulation protection is to judge
whether the voltage tap changer can be regulated or not, if the current more than the
setting BLK VOL REGU I>, the contact is given to block the tap changer regulation
device. Overload and overcurrent blocking voltage regulation protection use the maximum
current element of three phases.
The logic for overload and the overcurrent blocking voltage regulation protection is
shown in Fig.24.
-43-
Load Alarm
OLD ON
&
Max(I
A
,I
B,
I
C
)>I
set
T
BLK VOL REGU
BLK VOL REGU ON
&
Max(I
A
,I
B,
I
C
)>I
set
T
Fig.24: The logic for overload and overcurrent blocking voltage regulation protection
Negative imbalance detection function is for detect negative current for every side.
The setting HV1 I2 DET ON , HV2 I2 DET ON, MV I2 DET ON and LV I2 DET ON are
provided to enable or disable the negative current detection function of every side. One
delay time setting is common for every side. The logic is shown in Fig.25.
I2 Alarm
I2 DET ON
&
I
2
>I
2.set
T
Fig.25: The logic for negative imbalance detection protection
External digital input operated record disturbance functions are also provided.
5.9.2 Settings of other auxiliary protection
Table 25: Setting of pole discordance protection
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment
1 HV LOAD I> 0.1100.0 100 Overcurrent Setting of overload
2 T HV LOAD I> 0.13600s 20 Timer setting for overload
3 HV OLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in HV side on
4
HV BLK VOL
REG I>
0.1100.0 100
Overcurrent Setting of blocking voltage
regulation
5
T HV BLK VOL
REGU I>
0.13600s 20 Timer setting for blocking voltage regulation
6
HV BLK VOL
REGU ON
1/0 0
Blocking(BLK) voltage(VOL) regulation (REGU)in
HV side on
7 MV LOAD I> 0.1...100.0 100 Overcurrent Setting of overload
8 T MV LOAD I> 0.13600s 20 Timer setting for overload
9 MV OLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in MV side on
10
MV BLK VOL
REGU I>
0.1...100.0 100
Overcurrent Setting of blocking voltage
regulation
11
T MV BLK VOL
REGU I>
0.13600s 20 Timer setting for blocking voltage regulation
12
MV BLK VOL
REGU ON
1/0 0
Blocking(BLK) voltage(VOL) regulation (REGU)in
MV side on
13 LV LOAD I> 0.1...100.0 100 Overcurrent Setting of overload
14 T LV LOAD I> 0.13600s 20 Timer setting for overload
15 LV OLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in LV side on
-44-
16 LWIND OLD I> 0.1...100.0 100
Overcurrent Setting of overload for winding in
delta
17
T LWIND OLD
I>
0.13600s 20 Timer setting for overload
18 LWIND OLD ON 1/0 0 Winding(WIND) Overload(LOAD) in LV side on
5.10 VT failure
VT failure includes three phase VT failure element and single or two phase VT failure
element.
1) 3 phases VT failure element: voltages of three phases all are under 18V and current
of any phase is larger than threshold (fixed in the software, for 1A CT, the threshold is
0.06A; for 5A CT, the threshold is 0.3A.), confirm three VT failure over 10s. The logic for 3
phases VT failure is shown in Fig.26.
VT Fail
&
10s
U
B
<18V
UA<18V
U
C
<18V
IB>Iset
I
A
>I
set
I
C
>I
set
>=1
&
Fig.26: The logic for 3 phases VT failure.
2) 1 or 2 phases VT failure element: If
0
3U added by three phase voltage is larger
than 18V and three phase-phase voltages are not equal, difference between two phase-
phase voltage is larger than 18V(in order to discriminate ground fault in indirectly earthed
system), confirm VT failure over 10s. The logic for one or two phase VT failure is shown in
Fig.27.
VT Fail
>=1
10s
|U
BC
-U
CA
|>18V
|UAB-UBC|>18V
|U
CA
-U
AB
|>18V &
V U U U
C B A
18 > + +

Fig.27: The logic for 1or 2 phases VT failure.
6 Operation
6.1 Safety precautions
During the equipment tests and start-up, the general safety regulations applicable to
electrical systems must be complied with. Failure to comply with these regulations might
cause harm to the working staff and damage to property. All the inspections and tests
must only be carried out by specially trained personnel.
Check the enclosure shell has been grounded reliably and maintain electric
continuity to earth.
The general safety regulations applicable to equipments must be strictly complied
-45-
with.
Insert or pull out models must be strictly prohibit during the equipment tests and
operation.
During operation, nobody is allowed to press the keyboard on the panel optionally.
During operation, nobody is allowed to operate the following commands:
Burst into drive.
Modification and solidify settings.
Set up numbers of running CPU.
Change setting group.
Change equipment address in communication net.
6.2 Dialog with the equipment
6.2.1 Menu frame
Table 26 is the menu frame about the Man-Machine Interface (MMI).
Table 26: Menu frame for MMI
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
Meaning
Remarks
OpStatus Operating Status
AI Analog Input Inspecting the analog input of the equipment.
Status Equipment Status Inspecting the equipment status.
Version Version Showing the version information of the CPU in
the equipment.
EquipCode Equipment Code Showing the code information of any module
in the equipment.
DI Digital Input Inspecting the status of digital inputs.
Measure Measuring Values Showing the measure quantities of the
equipment (the value of the current has been
altered basing on the CT adjusting
coefficient).
Settings Settings Setup
CommPara
BayName Name of Bay Unit Inputting the name of the primary power unit
with ISN (internal statement number).
CommAddr Communication
Address
Setting the address of the LON-NET.
TimeMode Timing Mode
BaudR485 Baud Rate of 485
EquipPara Equipment Parameter Setting the equipment parameter.
ProtSet Protection Setting the equipment setting.
ProtContWd
QueryRep
EventRpt Event Report
Latest Rpt The latest report Listing the time of the latest operating report,
inspecting the content by pressing the SET
key.
Last 6 Rpts Last 6 reports Listing the time of the latest six operating
report, selecting the report with and
-46-
key, inspecting the content with SET key.
QueryRpt by Date Query report by date Listing the time of the operating reports which
is searched by time sect, selecting the report
with and key, inspecting the content by
pressing the SET key.
StartRpt Startup Report
Latest Rpt The latest report Listing the time of the latest starting report,
inspecting the content by pressing SET key.
Last 6 Rpts Last 6 reports Listing the time of the latest six starting
reports, selecting the report with and
QueryRpt by Date Query report by date Listing the time of the starting reports which
with and key, inspecting the content
with SET key.
AlarmRpt Alarm Report
Last 6 Rpts Last 6 reports Listing the time of the latest six alarm
QueryRpt by Date Query report by date Listing the time of the alarm reports which is
searched by time sect, selecting the report
Log Operating Log
Last 6 Rpts Last 6 reports Listing the time of the latest six running
QueryRpt by Date Query report by date Listing the time of the running reports which
Setup Equipment Setup
SOEReset SOE Reset Option
Automatic Reset Automatic Reset
Manual Reset Manual Reset
Manual resetting or automatic resetting.
Protocol Protocol Option
V1.20 Protocol Communication Protocol
V1.20
V1.10 Protocol Communication Protocol
V1.10
Choosing the protocol for the equipment
communication with exterior V1.20 or V1.10.
The bright option is the current setup, select
the protocol with and key, set up it by
pressing SET key.
ModifyPW Modify Password Modifying operation password.
SetPrint Print Setup
RecPrt Setup Setup for print record
values
The user can choose AC channels and Binary
record message.
Print Mode Setup for print mode Setting print mode, which can be figure or
data mode.
103Type 103 Protocol Select Setting the type of function 103.
Print Print
ProtSet Protection Setting Printing setting.
-47-
Report Report
EventRpt Event Report
Latest Rpt The latest report Listing the time of the latest operating report,
inspecting the content with pressing the SET
key.
Last 6 Rpts Last 6 reports Listing the time of the latest six operating
QueryRpt by Date Query report by date Listing the time of the operating reports which
with and key, inspecting the content
with SET key.
StartRpt Startup Report
Latest Rpt The latest report Listing the time of the latest starting report,
inspecting the content by pressing the SET
key.
Last 6 Rpts Last 6 reports Listing the time of the latest six starting
QueryRpt by Date Query report by date Listing the time of the starting reports which
AlarmRpt Alarm Report
Last 6 Rpts Last 6 reports Listing the time of the latest six-alarm report,
selecting the report with and key,
inspecting the content with SET key.
QueryRpt by Date Query report by date Listing the time of the alarm reports which is
searched by time sect, selecting the report
Log Operating Log
Last 6 Rpts Last 6 reports Listing the time of the latest six running
report, selecting the report with and
QueryRpt by Date Query report by date Listing the time of the running reports which
EquipPara Equipment Parameter Printing equipment parameter.
Setup Equipment Setup Printing equipment setup.
OpStatus Operating Status
AI Analog Input Printing analog input.
Status Equipment Status Printing equipment state.
Version Version Printing the version of CPU in the equipment.
EquipCode Equipment Code Printing equipment code.
DI Digital Input Printing digital input.
Connector ON/OFF Connector ON/OFF Printing strap state.
PrtSample Print Sampling Data Printing sampling data.
Test DO Digital Output Drive
Test
Digital output driving.
-48-
Set Time Set Time
Testing Testing
SimuReSig Simulate Remote Signal
Simu Alarm Simulate Alarm
Simu Trip Simulate Tripping
Simu Connt Simulate Connector
Simu DI Simulate Digital
Input(DI)
Simu Transmit Rec Simulate transmitting
record data
Simu MST Alarm
SwSetGrp Switch Setting Group
ViewDrift View AI Zero Drift Inspecting the zero shift of specified CPU.
AdjDrift Adjust AI Drift Adjusting the zero shift of all CPU. Choosing
the channels with and key, fixing one
channel with SET key, moving the cursor on
ENSURE and pressing the SET key to
complete regulating.
ViewScale View AI Scale Inspecting the scale of specified CPU.
AdjScale Adjust AI Scale Adjusting the scale of all CPU. Choosing the
channels with and key, fixing one
channel and setting the voltage/current value
with SET key, moving the cursor on ENSURE
and pressing the SET key to complete
regulating.
PrtSample Print Sampling Data
Contrast LCD Contrast
Regulation
Regulating LCD lightness.
OpConnt Connector Operation
OpSoftConnt Soft Connector ON/OFF
ViewConnt View Connector Status
The operation of switching straps into or out
of service.
Table 27: the menu frame of the DebuggingMenu
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
Meaning
Remarks
SetCPU Set CPU Setting CPU.
ViewMem View Memory Viewing the memory of the equipment.
ClrConfig Clear Configuration
EquipConfig Equipment Configuration
EquipOpt Equipment Option
LED Set LED Set Setup for LED Type.
ConntMode Connector Mode Setup for Connector mode.
SetLCD_Bkdg Set background LCD Setup for background LCD mode.
MasterVer Master Version Choosing Master version.
6.2.2 Display flowing
The display includes <circular display>, < MainMenu >, < DebuggingMenu >, <the
-49-
message window for active pop-up>.
The equipment circularly displays the analogue quantities and the setting group. There
is the present time on the top of the screen. You can fix one screen of information to be
displayed by pressing QUIT key, and keep on circularly displaying by pressing the QUIT key
again.
The equipment menu includes the MainMenu and the DebuggingMenu.
You can enter the MainMenu by pressing the SET key when the screen is in circularly-
displaying state. You can enter the DebuggingMenu by pressing the QUIT+SET keys (only
for manufacturer).
There are four shortcut keys and two functional keys at the bottom of liquid crystal
screen. The main intention is to predigest users manipulation. The descriptions of these
keys are as Table 28.
Table 28: Shortcut key application
Shortcut key Remarks
F1
Printing latest tripping event, page down and
up function for changing setting screen
F2
Printing settings in preset fixed value zone
,page down and up function for changing
setting screen
F3 Printing sample values
F4 Printing device information and running status
F5
Functional key, current setting group plus
1.Note: there are 0,1,2,3 four setting groups
total
F6
Functional key, current setting group minus
1.Note: there are 0,1,2,3 four setting groups
total.
6.3 Annunciations
6.3.1 Event report
Table 29: List of event report
No
.
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
Comment
1 Relay Start Relay Startup(Start)
2 Relay Reset Relay Reset (Reset)
3 IDIFF> Trip A
4 IDIFF> Trip B
5 IDIFF> Trip C
Treble slope percent Differential protection (IDIFF>) tripping (Trip)
for phase A/B/C
6 IDIFF>> Trip A
7 IDIFF>> Trip B
8 IDIFF>> Trip C
Instantaneous Differential protection (IDIFF>>)tripping (Trip) for
phase A/B/C
9 HV REF Trip HV Restricted Earth fault (REF) protection tripping(Trip)
-50-
10 MV REF Trip MV Restricted Earth fault (REF) protection tripping(Trip)
11
LV REF Trip
LV Restricted Earth fault (REF) protection tripping(Trip)
12 HV DEF V/F Trip
13 HV IVR V/F Trip
HV Overflux protection(V/F) tripping (Trip) with definite (DEF) and
inverse(IVR) time characteristic
14 MV DEF V/F Trip
15 MV IVR V/F Trip
MV Overflux protection(V/F) tripping (Trip) with definite (DEF) and
inverse(IVR) time characteristic
16 HV IDMTL OC Trip HV IDMTL Overcurrent(OC) tripping(Trip)
17 HV OC_1 Trip
18 HV OC_2 Trip
Overcurrent protection (OC) stage 1 (_1) or stage 2 (_2) tripping
(Trip) in High Voltage (HV) side with time delay T
19
HV EDIS Trip
Phase to Earth Distance (EDIS) tripping in HV side
20 HV DIS_1 Trip
21 HV DIS_2 Trip
Phase to phase Distance (DIS) prot. Stage 1(_1) or Stage 2 (_2)
tripping in HV side with time delay T
22 HV IDMTL NC Trip HV IDMTL Neutral current (NC) tripping(Trip)
23 HV NC_1 Trip
24 HV NC_2 Trip
Neutral Current protection (NC) Stage 1 (_1) or Stage 2 (_2)
tripping (Trip) in High Voltage (HV) side with time delay T.
25 HV 3U0 TRIP Neutral displacement (3U0)protection tripping (Trip) in HV side
26
HV TEM OVLD Trip
HV Thermal (TEM) Overload(OVLD) tripping (Trip)
27 MV IDMTL OC TRIP MV IDMTL Overcurrent(OC) tripping(TRIP)
28 MV OC_1 Trip
29 MV OC_2 Trip
(Trip) in Middle Voltage (MV) side with time delay T
30
MV EDIS Trip
Phase to Earth Distance(EDIS) protection tripping in MV side
31 MV DIS_1 Trip
32 MV DIS_2 Trip
Phase to phase Distance (DIS) prot. Stage 1(_1) or Stage 2(_2)
tripping in MV side with time delay T
33 MV IDMTL NC Trip MV IDMTL Neutral current (NC) tripping(TRIP)
34 MV NC_1 Trip
35 MV NC_2 Trip
tripping (Trip) in Middle Voltage (HV) side with time delay T.
36
MV 3U0 Trip
Neutral displacement (3U0)protection tripping (Trip) in MV side
with time delay T
37
MV TEM OVLD Trip
MV Thermal (TEM) Overload(OVLD) tripping (Trip)
38
LV IDMTL OC Trip
LV IDMTL Overcurrent(OC) tripping(Trip)
39 LV OC_1 Trip
40 LV OC_2 Trip
(Trip) in Low Voltage (LV) side with time delay T
41
LV IDMTL NC Trip
LV IDMTL Neutral current (NC) tripping(Trip)
42 LV NC_1 Trip
43 LV NC_2 Trip
tripping (Trip) in Low Voltage (LV) side with time delay T.
44 LV 3U0 Trip Zero sequence voltage (3U0) protection tripping (Trip) in LV side
45 LV TEM OVLD Trip LV Thermal (TEM) Overload(OVLD) tripping (TRIP )
46 HV Neu IDMTL HV Neutral current IDMTL
-51-
47 MV Neu IDMTL MV Neutral current IDMTL
48 HV CB1 PD Trip
49 MV CB2 PD Trip
Circuit-Breaker (CB) Pole discordance(PD) protection tripping(Trip)
in HV side with time delay T.
50
MV CB PD Trip
Circuit-Breaker (CB) Pole discordance(PD) protection tripping(Trip)
in MV side with time delay T.
51 REF Optd Restricted Earth Fault protection operated disturbance record
52 TRAFO Trip TRAFO BUCH Trip disturbance record
53 WTI High Trip Winding Temperature Indicator High Trip disturbance record
54 OTI High Trip Oil Temperature Indicator High Trip disturbance record
55 PRD Trip Pressure Release Trip disturbance record
56 OLTC Trip OLTC Trip disturbance record
57 BUCH Alarm BUCH Alarm disturbance record
58 WTI High Alarm Winding Temperature Indicator High Alarm disturbance record
59 OTI High Alarm Oil Temperature Indicator High Alarm disturbance record
60 LowOilLevelAlarm Low Oil Level Alarm disturbance record
6.3.2 Alarm report
The following is the illustration for device alarm message.
1) Alarm I is severe alarm. When alarm I happens, the alarm lamp on the front panel
of the device will flash, all of protection function will be switched out of service and the trip
power of protection will be blocked by the device.
2) Alarm II is other alarm. When alarm II happens, the alarm lamp on the front panel
of the device will light continuously, and the device will alarm the corresponding abnormal
status (for example, the circuit-breaker failure startup digital input is abnormal), and will
not block the trip power of protection.
The alarm messages and alarm types are as Table 30.
Table 30: List of alarm report
No.
Abbr.
(LCD Display)
Comment
Alarm I/II
1
Sampling Err Sampling data of analog input (AI) are
error.
Alarm I
2
EquipPara Err Equipment parameter is error. Alarm I
3 ROM Verify Err
CRC verification to sum of ROM of CPU
is error.
Alarm I
4
Setting Err Setting value is error Alarm I
5
Set Group Err Pointer of setting group is error Alarm I
6
DO No Response Digital output (DO) has no response. Alarm I
7
DO Breakdown Digital output (DO) is of breakdown. Alarm I
8
DI Err Digital input (DI) is error.
Alarm II
9
SysConfig Err System configuration is error.
Alarm I
10
CAN Comm Fail CAN communication failure
--
-52-
11
CAN Comm Recover CAN communication Recovery --
12
DI Module Err Digital input (DI) module is error. --
13
DO Module Err Digital output (DO) module is error. --
14
DI Config Err Digital input configuration is error. Alarm II
15
DO Config Err Digital output configuration is error. Alarm I
16 DI Comm Fail Communication failure in digital input
(DI)
Alarm II
17
DO Comm Fail Communication failure in digital output
(DO)
Alarm II
18
Test DO Un-reset Digital output (DO)-test has not been
reset.
Alarm II
19
ConntMdUnconfirm Connector mode has not been
confirmed.
Alarm II
20
DI Breakdown Digital input (DI) is of breakdown.
Alarm II
21
DI Input Err The input of digital input (DI) is error.
Alarm II
22 NO/NC Discord
2-position input discordance, i.e. status
of NC and NO discord.
Alarm II
23 DI Check Err
Self-checking circuit of digital input
(DI) is error.
Alarm II
24 DI EEPROM Err
EEPROM of digital input (DI) is error. Alarm II
25 DO EEPROM Err
EEPROM of digital output (DO) is error. Alarm I
26
SRAM Check Err SRAM self-checking is error.
Alarm II
27
FLASH Check Err Flash self-checking is error.
Alarm II
28
CT Fail CT failure --
29
DIFF Alarm Imbalance differential current alarm --
30
HV REF Alarm HV Imbalance zero differential current
alarm
--
31
MV REF Alarm MV Imbalance zero differential current
alarm
--
32
LV REF Alarm LV Imbalance zero differential current
alarm
--
33
HV V/F Alarm HV Overflux alarm --
34
MV V/F Alarm MV Overflux alarm --
35
HV VT Fail HV VT failure --
36
H Neu Disp Alarm HV neutral displacement alarm --
37
HV Load Alarm HV overload alarm --
38
HV Blk Vol Regu HV Blocking Voltage Regulation --
39
MV VT Fail MV VT failure --
40
M Neu Disp Alarm MV neutral displacement alarm --
41
MV Load Alarm MV overload alarm --
42
MV Blk Vol Regu MV Blocking Voltage Regulation --
43
LV VT Fail LV VT failure --
44
L Neu Disp Alarm LV neutral displacement alarm --
49
LV Load Alarm LV overload alarm --
50
LW Load Alarm overload in LV delta winding alarm --
-53-
51
DI HV PD Alarm DI for HV CB1 Pole discordance Alarm II
52
DI HV PD2 Alarm DI for HV CB2 Pole discordance Alarm II
53
DI MV PD Alarm DI for MV CB Pole discordance Alarm II
54
HV CB1 On DI for HV CB1 Closed
55
HV CB2 On DI for HV CB2 Closed
56
MV CB On DI for MV CB Closed
57
LV CB On DI for LV CB Closed
58
HV CB1 Off DI for HV CB1 Open
59
HV CB2 Off DI for HV CB2 Open
60
MV CB Off DI for MV CB Open
61
LV CB Off DI for LV CB Open
62
HV TEM Alarm HV Thermal overload Alarm
63
HV1 I2 Alarm HV CB1 Imbalance negative current
alarm
Alarm II
64
HV2 I2 Alarm HV CB2 Imbalance negative current
alarm
Alarm II
65
MV I2 Alarm MV CB Imbalance negative current
alarm
Alarm II
66
LV I2 Alarm LV CB Imbalance negative current
alarm
Alarm II
6.3.3 Operating report
Table 31: List of operating report
No. Description of event comment
1 SwSetGroup OK Successful to switch setting group.
2 Write Set OK Successful to write setting values.
3 WriteEquipParaOK Successful to write equipment parameter.
4 WriteConfig OK Successful to write configuration.
5 AdjScale OK Successful to adjust scale of analog input (AI).
6 SelfDesc Change Self-description of equipment has changed.
7 Connt ON/OFF OK Successful to switch on/off connector.
8
ClrConfig OK Successful to clear configuration.
9 ChgConntMode Change connector mode
10 InTestMode Enter test mode.
11 OutTestMode Exit test mode.
12 Test DO OK Successful to digital output (DO) drive-test.
13 DI Change Status of digital input (DI) has changed.
14
AdjDrift OK
Successful to adjust zero drift of analog input (AI).
15 Not Used Not used.
16 CPU Reset CPU Reset.
-54-
6.4 Testing and commissioning
The test method and report for testing see the documents CSC-326 Numerical
transformer protection Equipment Test Method (Model 1/2) and CSC-326 Numerical
transformer protection Equipment Test Report (Model 1/2).
6.5 Putting the equipment into operation
The following items are only provided to be referred. Users should formulate the
corresponding rules for maintenance and operation according to the actual situation in
locale.
a) Check the setting lists inerrably, and then turn on DC power supply. Now the green
light - LED <Run> on panel is lit, other lights are extinguished. Under normal conditions,
LCD display on loop year-month-day, hour : minute : second, magnitude and phase angle
of analog quantities, channel state, current setting zone: 00. Press SET key to display main
menu. Press one or several times QUIT keyexit current menu one times or step by step to
return normal state of display. Then re-check the clock by turning off DC power and then
on.
b) Connect currents (load current must be larger than 0.1In) and voltages to the
device, under normal state of loop display, press SET key to enter into main menu, then
enter into every sub-menu to check whether the polarity and the phase sequence of each
analog input are correct or not. Verify the sampled data of the protection in accordance
with the actual ones.
c) Check the protection settings. Print each set of settings that are possibly employed
in the actual operating modes, in order to check them with informed sheet of setting and
backup debugging notes.
d) Check the digital inputs in accord with the practical state, and make note. Especially
notice that there is not display of small hand on the upper right of LCD under normal
conditions (that means relay test state).
6.6 Configuration of functions
6.6.1 Configuration of functions
CSC-326 provided entire functions for the transformers, any functions can be
configured according to the definite project. The default configuration for CSC-326 series is
shown in table 2.
6.6.2 Settings- equipment parameters
Equipment parameters are shown as table 32.
Table 32: Equipment parameters list
No.
Setting Title Setting
options
Default
setting
comments
1 DIFF TRIP 0000...FFFFH 0000H
Tripping (TRIP)setting for differential(DIFF)
protection
2 REF TRIP 0000...FFFFH 0000H
Tripping (TRIP)setting for Restricted Earth
Fault(REF) protection of every side
3 V/F TRIP 0000...FFFFH 0000H
Tripping (TRIP)setting for Overflux
protection
4 HV BU TRIP 0000FFFFH 0000H
Tripping (TRIP)setting for HV Backup
protection
5 MV BU TRIP 0000FFFFH 0000H Tripping (TRIP)setting for MV Backup
-55-
protection
6
LV BU TRIP
0000FFFFH 0000H
Tripping (TRIP)setting for LV Backup
protection
7
HV CB PD TRIP
0000FFFFH 0000H
Tripping (TRIP)setting for HV CB1 Pole
discordance protection
8
HV CB2 PD TRIP
0000FFFFH 0000H
Tripping (TRIP)setting for HV CB2 Pole
9
MV CB PD TRIP
0000FFFFH 0000H
Tripping (TRIP)setting for MV CB Pole
Remark:
1. No.5 MV BU TRIP and No 9 MV CB PD TRIP are only used for CSC-326(Model 2), for
CSC-326(Model 1), these two settings are displayed to Not Used.
2. All parameter settings can be set by setting 16 bits.
6.6.3 Settings- protection settings
Protection settings are shown in table 33 to table 42.
Table 33: Protection setting list-Common Parameter
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1
HV WIND
CONN/Y-0 D-1
0-1 0
Connection for HV winding, 0:wye
connection, 1:delta connection
2
MV WIND
CONN/Y-0 D-1
0-1 0
Connection for MV winding, 0:wye
3
LV WIND
CONN/Y-0 D-1
0-1 1
Connection for LV winding, 0:wye
4 VET GRP ANGLE 0-12 11
Vector Group Angle( VET GRP
ANGLE)
5 SN 0...3000MVA 360 Capacity of the transformer
Common
parameters for
transformer
6 HV UN 0...1000 kV 220
Nominal voltage (UN) in High
voltage (HV)side
7 HV VT RATIO
0...9999
2200
Voltage transformer(VT) Ratio in
HV side
8 HV CT PRI
0...9999A
1200 CT Primary(PRI) current in HV side
9 HV CT SEC
1 OR 5A
1
CT Secondary(SEC) current in HV
side
Common
parameters for
high voltage
side
10 HV NCT PRI(REF)
0...9999A
1200
Neutral CT (NCT) Primary(PRI)
current in HV side for REF
11
HV NCT
SEC(REF)
1 OR 5A
1
Neutral CT (NCT) Secondary(SEC)
current in HV side for REF
12 HV NCT PRI(BU)
0...9999A
1200
current in HV side for Backup(BU)
13 HV NCT SEC(BU)
1 OR 5A
1
current in HV side for Backup(BU)
Common earth
protection
parameters for
HV side
14 MV UN 01000 kV 110
Nominal voltage (UN) in Middle
voltage (MV)side
15 MV VT RATIO
0...9999
1100
MV side
16 MV CT PRI
0...9999A
600 CT Primary(PRI) current in MV side
17 MV CT SEC
1 OR 5A
1
CT Secondary(SEC) current in MV
side
Common
parameters for
middle voltage
side
-56-
18 MV NCT PRI(REF)
0...9999A
600
Neutral CT Primary(PRI) current in
MV side
19
MV NCT
SEC(REF)
1 OR 5A
1
Neutral CT Secondary(SEC)
current in MV side
20 MV NCT PRI(BU)
0...9999A
1200
current in MV side for Backup(BU)
21 MV NCT SEC(BU)
1 OR 5A
1
current in MV side for Backup(BU)
Common earth
protection
parameters for
MV side
22 LV UN 01000kV 35
Nominal voltage (UN) in Low
voltage (LV)side
23 LV VT RATIO
0...9999
350
LV side
24 LV CT PRI
09999A
3000 CT Primary(PRI) current in LV side
25 LV CT SEC
1 OR 5A
1
CT Secondary(SEC) current in LV
side
26
LV CT SEC IN
DELTA
1 OR 5A
1
CT Secondary(SEC) current for LV
winding inside delta
Common
parameters for
LV side
27 LV NCT PRI(REF)
09999A
1200
Neutral CT Primary(PRI) current in
LV side
28 LV NCT SEC(REF)
1 OR 5A
1
Neutral CT Secondary(SEC)
current in LV side
29 LV NCT PRI(BU)
09999A
1200
current in LV side for Backup(BU)
30 LV NCT SEC(BU)
1 OR 5A
1
current in LV side for Backup(BU)
Common earth
protection
parameters for
LV side
Table 34: Protection setting listDiff Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1 DIFF ID>>
0.5...100.0A
100
Instantaneous Differential (ID>>)
current setting
2 DIFF ID>
0.1100.0A
20
Percentage Differential (ID>) current
setting
3 DIFF IR1
0.1100.0A
4
The 1st breakpoint restraint current
(IR1)
4 DIFF IR2
0.1100.0A
20
The 2nd breakpoint restraint current
(IR2)
5 DIFF SLOPE
0.2...0.7
0.7 the 2nd slope
6
DIFF 2nd HAR
RATIO
0.050.30
0.15 2nd harmonic(HAR) ratio
7 DIFF 5th HAR RATIO
0.100.60
0.35 5th harmonic(HAR) ratio
DIFF
Table 35: Protection setting listREF Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1 HV REF I> 0.110.0A 2 Restricted earth fault setting HV REF
-57-
2 HV REF SLOPE
0.200.70
0.5
protection
3 MV REF I> 0.110.0A 2 Restricted earth fault setting
4 MV REF SLOPE
0.20...0.70
0.5
protection
MV REF
5 LV REF I> 0.1...10.0A 2 Restricted earth fault setting
6 LV REF SLOPE
0.200.70
0.5
protection
LV REF
Table 36: Protection setting listOverflux Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1 HV Ubase 40.0100.0 57.3 Nominal phase voltage in HV side
2 HV DEF V/F> Alarm 1.0...1.5 1.1 Alarming setting of volt/herz
3 HV T DEF V/F Alarm 0.19999s 10
stage
4 HV DEF V/F>> Trip 1.0...1.5 1.2
stage
5 HV T DEF V/F Trip 0.19999s 10
stage
HV V/F
13 MV Ubase 40.0...100.0 57.3 Nominal phase voltage in MV side
14 MV DEF V/F> Alarm 1.01.5 1.1 Alarming setting of volt/herz
15 MV T DEF V/F Alarm 0.19999s 10
stage
16 MV DEF V/F>> Trip 1.0...1.5 1.2
stage
17 MV T DEF V/F Trip 0.19999s 10
stage
18
MV T1 IVR
V/F=1.10
19
MV T2 IVR
V/F=1.15
20
MV T3 IVR
V/F=1.20
21
MV T4 IVR
V/F=1.25
MV V/F
-58-
22
MV T5 IVR
V/F=1.30
23
MV T6 IVR
V/F=1.35
24
MV T7 IVR
V/F=1.40
Table 37: Protection setting listHV Backup Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1 HV OC I1> 0.1...100.0 100
Overcurrent(OC) setting for 1
st
stage
(I1>)
2 T HV OC I1> 0.1...20s 20 Timer setting for 1
st
stage OC
3 HV OC I2> 0.1...100 100
Overcurrent(OC) setting for 2
nd
stage (I2>)
nd
stage OC
5
IDMTL HV OC
TimeMult
0.0252.0 1
6
IDMTL HV OC CONST
A
0.0130.0 20
7
IDMTL HV OC POWER
P
0.02...2.0 2
8 IDMTL HV OC PARA B 0.01.0 0
9 IDMTL HV OC I 0.1100A 5
Definite and
IDMTL
overcurrent
protection
(with selective
direction) in
High voltage
side
10 HV NC I01> 0.1100.0 100
st
stage (I01>)
st
stage NOC
12 HV NC I02> 0.1100 100
nd
stage (I02>)
nd
stage NOC
14
IDMTL HV NC
TimeMult
0.025...2.0 1
15
IDMTL HV NC CONST
A
0.0130.0 20
16
IDMTL HV NC POWER
P
0.022.0 2
17 IDMTL HV NC PARA B 0.01.0 0
18 IDMTL HV NC I0> 0.1100A 5
Definite and
IDMTL neutral
current
protection
(with selective
direction) in
High voltage
side
19 HV 3U0> ALARM 2.0300.0 300
stage
20 T HV 3U0> ALARM 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
21 HV 3U0> TRIP 2.0300.0 300
stage
22 T HV 3U0> TRIP 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
Neutral
displacement
protection in
High voltage
side
-59-
23
IDMTL HV
NeuTimeMult
0.025...2.0 1
24 IDMTL HV NeuConstA 0.0130.0 20
25 IDMTL HV NeuPowerP 0.022.0 2
26 IDMTL HV NeuParaB 0.01.0 0
27 IDMTL HV Neu I0> 0.1100A 5
IDMTL neutral
current
protection in
HV side
28 HV TEM OLD I> 0.1...25.0 2 Setting for thermal overload
29
HV TEM OLD
TimeConst
09000s 10
Time constant for thermal overload
protection
30 HV WeightFactor H/C 0.01.0 0 Hot cool weight factor H/C
Thermal
overload
protection
31 HV LOAD I> 0.1100.0 100 Overcurrent Setting of overload
32 T HV LOAD I> 0.13600s 20 Timer setting for overload
Definite
overload
protection
33 HV BLK VOL REGU I> 0.1...100.0 100
Overcurrent Setting of blocking
voltage regulation
34
T HV BLK VOL REGU
I>
0.13600s 20
Timer setting for blocking voltage
regulation
Overcurrent
blocking
voltage
regulation
Table 38: Protection setting listMV Backup Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1 MV OC I1> 0.1100 100
st
stage (I1>)
st
stage OC
3 MV OC I2> 0.1100 100
nd
stage (I2>)
nd
stage OC
5 IDMTL MV OC TimeMult 0.025...2.0 1
6 IDMTL MV OC CONST A 0.0...130.0 20
7 IDMTL MV OC POWER P 0.02...2.0 2
8 IDMTL MV OC PARA B 0.01.0 0
9 IDMTL MV OC I 0.1100A 5
Definite and
IDMTL
overcurrent
protection
(with
selective
direction) in
Middle
voltage side
10 MV NC I01> 0.1...100.0 100
st
stage (I01>)
st
stage NOC
12 MV NC I02> 0.1100.0 100
nd
stage (I02>)
nd
stage NOC
14 IDMTL MV NC TimeMult 0.025...2.0 1
15 IDMTL MV NC CONST A 0.0130.0 20
Definite and
IDMTL
neutral
current
protection
(with
selective
direction) in
Middle
voltage side
-60-
16 IDMTL MV NC POWER P 0.02...2.0 2
17 IDMTL MV NC PARA B 0.01.0 0
18 IDMTL MV NC I0> 0.1100A 5
19 MV 3U0> ALARM 2.0300.0 300
stage
20 T MV 3U0> ALARM 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
21 MV 3U0> TRIP 2.0300.0 300
stage
22 T MV 3U0> TRIP 0.120s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
Neutral
displaceme
nt
protection
in Middle
voltage side
23 IDMTL MV NeuTimeMult 0.025...2 1
24 IDMTL MV NeuConstA 0.0...130.0 20
25 IDMTL MV NeuPowerP 0.02...2.0 2
26 IDMTL MV NeuParaB 0.01.0 0
27 IDMTL MV Neu I0> 0.1100A 5
IDMTL
neutral
current
protection
in MV side
28 MV TEM OLD I> 0.1...25.0 2 Setting for thermal overload
29 MV TEM OLD TimeConst 0...9000s 10
Time const for thermal overload
protection
30 MV WeightFactor H/C 0.0...1.0 0 Hot cool weight factor H/C
Thermal
overload
protection
31 MV LOAD I> 0.1...100.0 100 Overcurrent Setting of overload
32 T MV LOAD I> 0.1...3600s 20 Timer setting for overload
Definite
overload
protection
33 MV BLK VOL REGU I> 0.1...100.0 100
Overcurrent Setting of blocking
voltage regulation
34 T MV BLK VOL REGU I> 0.1...3600s 20
Timer setting for blocking voltage
regulation
Overcurrent
blocking
voltage
regulation
Remark: all settings for MV Backup protections are used for CSC-326(Model 2), they can not be
seen in CSC326 (Model 1) because the functions are not configured.
Table 39: Protection setting listLV Backup Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1 LV OC I1> 0.1...100 100
st
stage (I1>)
2 T LV OC I1> 0.120s 20 Timer setting for 1st stage OC
3 LV OC I2> 0.1100 100
nd
stage (I2>)
4 T LV OC I2> 0.1...20s 20 Timer setting for 2
nd
stage OC
5
IDMTL LV OC
TimeMult
0.025...2.0 1
6
IDMTL LV OC CONST
A
0.0...130.0 20
7
IDMTL LV OC POWER
P
0.02...2.0 2
8 IDMTL LV OC PARA B 0.0...1.0 0
Definite and
IDMTL
overcurrent
protection (with
selective
direction) in
Middle voltage
side
-61-
9 IDMTL LV OC I 0.1100A 5
10 LV NC I01> 0.1...100 100
st
stage (I01>)
11 T LV NC I01> 0.1...20s 20 Timer setting for 1st stage NOC
12 LV NC I02> 0.1100 100
nd
stage (I02>)
nd
stage NOC
14
IDMTL LV NC
TimeMult
0.025...2.0 1
15 IDMTL LV NC CONST A 0.0...130.0 20
16
IDMTL LV NC POWER
P
0.02...2.0 2
17 IDMTL LV NC PARA B 0.0...1.0 0
18 IDMTL LV NC I0> 0.1100A 5
Definite and
IDMTL neutral
current
protection (with
selective
direction) in
Middle voltage
side
19 LV 3U0> ALARM 2.0...300.0 300
stage
20 T LV 3U0> ALARM 0.1...20s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
21 LV 3U0> TRIP 2.0...300.0 300
stage
22 T LV 3U0> TRIP 0.1...20s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
Neutral
displacement
protection in
Middle voltage
side
23 LV LOAD I> 0.1...100 100 Overcurrent Setting of overload
24 T LV LOAD I> 0.1...3600s 20 Timer setting for overload
overload
protection
25 LWIND OLD I> 0.1...100 100
Overcurrent Setting of overload for
winding in delta
26 T LWIND OLD I> 0.1...3600s 20 Timer setting for overload
overload
protection for
winding in
delta
Table 40: Protection setting listCB PD Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1 HV CB PD 3I0> 0.1...100 100
Zero sequence current setting of Circuit
2 HV CB PD I2> 0.1100 100
negative sequence current setting of
Circuit breaker pole discordance
3 T HV CB PD 0.120s 20
Timer setting for circuit breaker pole
discordance
Pole
discordance
for Circuit
breaker 1
in HV side
4 HV CB2 PD 3I0> 0.1100 100
5 HV CB2 PD I2> 0.1100 100
6 T HV CB2 PD 0.120s 20
discordance
Pole
discordance
for Circuit
breaker 2
in HV side
7 MV CB PD 3I0> 0.1100 100
Pole
discordance
for Circuit
breaker in
MV side
-62-
8 MV CB PD I2> 0.1100 100
9 T MV CB PD 0.120s 20
discordance
Remark: settings (No.7-N0.9) for MV Circuit Breaker Pole discordance protection are used for
CSC-326 (Model 2), they can not be seen in CSC326 (Model 1) because the function is not
configured.
Table 41: Protection setting listOther Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
Setting
Comment Function
1 HV1 I2 DET SET 0.1...20A 8
Setting for HV CB1 imbalance current
detection
2 HV2 I2 DET SET 0.120A 8
Setting for HV CB2 imbalance current
detection
3 MV I2 DET SET 0.120A 8
Setting for MV CB imbalance current
detection
4 LV I2 DET SET 0.120A 8
Setting for LV CB imbalance current
detection
5 T I2 DET 0.120s 5
Timer Setting for imbalance current
detection
Negative
imbalance
detection
Remark: Setting MV I2 DET SETis only used for CSC-326 (Model 2), it can not be
displayed in CSC326 (Model 1).
Table 42: Protection setting listTest use Set
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Function
1 HV RATED CUR PRI HV rated current in primary side
2
HV RATED CUR SEC
HV rated current in secondary side
3
RATIO FACTOR
KTAH
Ratio compensation for HV side
4
RATIO FACTOR
KTAM
Ratio compensation for MV side
5
RATIO FACTOR KTAL
Calculated by software
according to the
common parameters
user put into the
setting group.
Ratio compensation for LV side
Test for
Differential
protection
Remarks:
1.These settings are only used for test, they are calculated by software automatically
according to the common parameters. These settings can not be modified by user.
2. Setting MV I2 DET SET is only used for CSC-326 (Model 2), it can not be seen in
CSC326 (Model 1).
6.6.4 Settings- Control word setting
Control word settings are shown in table 43.
Table 43: Control word settings
No Setting Title
Setting
options
Default
setting
Comment Menu
1 AUTO TRANS 1/0 0
Auto-transformer not common transformer
1-autotransformer ; 0- not auto-
transformer
Common
Para
-63-
2 TWO WIND TRANS 1/0 0
Two-winding(TWO WIND) not three -
winding transformer (TRANS)
1-two-winding trans; 0-three-winding
trans
3
1 REF FOR AUTO
TRANS
1/0 0
1 REF Function not 2 REF Function, This
setting is used only for autotransformer
1-1REF Function ; 0- 2 REF function
4 IDIFF ON 1/0 0
Instantaneous differential (IDIFF)
protection ON
1-on; 0-off.
5 PDIFF ON 1/0 0
Percentage differential (PDIFF) protection
ON
1-on; 0-off.
6
2nd

HAR NOT
WAVE
1/0 0
2
nd
harmonic (HAR) inhibit not the fuzzy
recognition based on the waveform(WAVE)
1-2
nd
harmonic on; 0- waveform on
7 5th HAR ON 1/0 0
5
th
harmonic (HAR) inhibit on
1-on; 0-off.
8 DIFF ALARM ON 1/0 0
Differential current (DIFF) Alarming on
1-on; 0-off.
9 CT FAIL DET ON 1/0 0
CT FAIL Detection(DET) on
1-on; 0-off.
Diff Set
10 HV REF ON 1/0 0
HV Restricted earth fault(REF) ON
1-on; 0-off.
11 MV REF ON 1/0 0
MV Restricted earth fault(REF) ON
1-on; 0-off.
12 LV REF ON 1/0 0
LV Restricted earth fault(REF) ON
1-on; 0-off.
REF Set
13
HV V/F> ALARM
ON
1/0 0
HV Definite Overflux (V/F) Alarming on
1-on; 0-off.
14
HV DEF V/F> TRIP
ON
1/0 0
HV Definite (DEF)Overflux (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
15 HV IVR V/F> ON 1/0 0
HV Inverse (IVR)Overflux (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
16
MV V/F> ALARM
ON
1/0 0
MV Definite Overflux (V/F) Alarming on
1-on; 0-off.
17
MV DEF V/F> TRIP
ON
1/0 0
MV Definite (DEF)Overflux (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
18 MV IVR V/F> ON 1/0 0
MV Inverse (IVR)Overflux (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
Overflux
Set
19 HV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) Overcurrent (OC) in HV side
on
20 HV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
Stage(_1)
of Overcurrent(OC) in HV side
21
HV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
st
stage (_1)
22 HV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) Overcurrent (OC) in HV side
on
23 HV OC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
Stage(_2)
of Overcurrent(OC) in HV side
24
HV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
25 HV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in HV side on
HV
Backup
Set
-64-
26
HV IDMTL OC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Overcurrent(OC) in HV side
27
HV IDMTL OC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
(OC)to system not transformer itself in
HV side
28 HV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC) in HV
side on
29 HV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) Neutral Current (NC) in HV
side on
30 HV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
stage(_1)
(HV)side on
31
HV NC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
st
stage (_1) Neutral
Current (NOC)to system not transformer
itself in HV side
32 HV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
stage(_2)
(HV)side on
33
HV NC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2) Neutral
Current (NC)to system not transformer
itself in HV side
34 HV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in HV side on
35
HV IDMTL NC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Direction(DIR) detection of IDMTL Neutral
Current (NC) in high voltage (HV)side on
36
HV IDMTL NC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
Direction (DIR) of IDMTL Neutral Current
(NC)to system not transformer itself in HV
side
37
HV 3U0> ALARM
ON
1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) alarm in HV
side on
38 HV 3U0> TRIP ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) trip in HV side
on
39
HV NEU IDMTL OC
ON
1/0 0 Neutral IDMTL OC in HV side on
40 HV TEM OLD ON 1/0 0 Thermal overload in HV side on
41 HV OLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in HV side on
42
HV BLK VOL REGU
ON
1/0 0
Blocking(BLK) voltage(VOL) regulation
(REGU)in HV side on
43 MV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) Overcurrent (OC) with time
delay T in MV side on
44 MV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
stage(_1)
of Overcurrent(OC) in MV side
45
MV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
st
stage (_1)
Overcurrent(OC) to system not
46 MV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) Overcurrent (OC) with time
delay T in MV side on
47 MV OC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
stage(_2)
of Overcurrent(OC) in MV side
48
MV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
49 MV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in MV side on
50
MV IDMTL OC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Overcurrent(OC) in MV side
MV
Backup
Set
-65-
51
MV IDMTL OC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
Direction(DIR) of IDMTL Overcurrent
(OC)to system not transformer itself in MV
side
52 MV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC) in MV
side on
53 MV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) Neutral Current (NC) in MV
side on
54 MV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
stage(_1)
Neutral Current (NC) in MV side on
55
MV NC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
st
stage (_1) Neutral
itself in MV side
56 MV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
stage(_2)
Neutral Current (NC) in MV side on
57
MV NC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2) Neutral
itself in MV side
58 MV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in MV side on
59
MV IDMTL NC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Current (NC) in high voltage (MV)side on
60
MV IDMTL NC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
(NC)to system not transformer itself in MV
side
61
MV 3U0> ALARM
ON
1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) alarm in MV
side on
62 MV 3U0> TRIP ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) trip in MV side
on
63
MV NEU IDMTL OC
ON
1/0 0 Neutral IDMTL OC in MV side on
64 MV TEM OLD ON 1/0 0 Thermal overload in MV side on
65 MV OLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in MV side on
66
MV BLK VOL REGU
ON
1/0 0
Blocking(BLK) voltage(VOL) regulation
(REGU)in MV side on
67 LV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) of Overcurrent(OC) in LV side
on
68 LV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
stage(_1)
of Overcurrent(OC) in LV side
69
LV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
st
stage (_1)
70 LV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) of Overcurrent(OC) in LV
side on
71 LV OC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
stage(_2)
of Overcurrent(OC) in LV side
72
LV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2)
73 LV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in LV side on
74
LV IDMTL OC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Overcurrent(OC) in LV side
75
LV IDMTL OC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
(OC)to system not transformer itself in LV
side
76 LV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
1
st
stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC) in LV
side on
LV
Backup
Set
-66-
77 LV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0
st
stage(_1)
(LV)side on
78
LV NC_1 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
st
stage (_1) Neutral
itself in LV side
79 LV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
2
nd
stage(_2) Neutral Current (NC) in LV
side on
80 LV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0
nd
stage(_2)
(LV)side on
81
LV NC_2 DIR TO
SYS
1/0 0
nd
stage (_2) Neutral
itself in LV side
82 LV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0 IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in LV side on
83
LV IDMTL NC DIR
ON
1/0 0
Current (NC) in high voltage (LV)side on
84
LV IDMTL NC DIR
TO SYS
1/0 0
(NC)to system not transformer itself in LV
side
85
LV 3U0> ALARM
ON
1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) alarm in LV
side on
86 LV 3U0> TRIP ON 1/0 0
Neutral displacement (3U0) trip in LV side
on
87 LV OLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in LV side on
88 LWIND OLD ON 1/0 0
Winding(WIND) Overload(LOAD) in LV side
on
89 HV CB PD ON 1/0 0
Circuit break(CB) pole discordance (PD) in
HV side on
90
HV CB PD CUR ELE
ON
1/0 0
Circuit break(CB) pole discordance
(PD)with Current (CUR)element(ELE) in HV
side on
91 HV CB2 PD ON 1/0 0
HV side 2 on
92
HV CB2 PD CUR
ELE ON
1/0 0
(PD)with Current (CUR)element(ELE) in HV
side 2 on
93 MV CB PD ON 1/0 0
MV side on
94
MV CB PD CUR ELE
ON
1/0 0
(PD)with Current (CUR)element(ELE) in MV
side on
CB PD
Set
95 HV1 I2 DET ON 1/0 0
CB1 negative imbalance detection in HV
side on
96 HV2 I2 DET ON 1/0 0
CB2 negative imbalance detection in HV
side on
97 MV I2 DET ON 1/0 0
CB negative imbalance detection in MV
side on
98 LV I2 DET ON 1/0 0
CB negative imbalance detection in LV side
on
99
HV CB1 STATUS
ON
1/0 0 CB1 Status supervision in HV side on
100
HV CB2 STATUS
ON
1/0 0 CB2 Status supervision in HV side on
101 MV CB STATUS ON 1/0 0 CB Status supervision in MV side on
Other
Set
-67-
102 LV CB STATUS ON 1/0 0 CB Status supervision in LV side on
103
REF OPTD Record
ON
1/0 0 REF operated trigger Record on
104
TRAFO Trip Record
ON
1/0 0 TRAFO BUCH Trip disturbance Record on
105
BUCH Alarm
Record ON
1/0 0 BUCH Alarm disturbance Record on
106
WTI High Trip
Record ON
1/0 0 WTI High Trip disturbance Record on
107
WTI High Alarm
Record ON
1/0 0 WTI High Alarm disturbance Record on
108
OTI High Trip
Record ON
1/0 0 OTI High Trip disturbance Record on
109
OTI High Alarm
Record ON
1/0 0 OTI High Alarm disturbance Record on
110
LowOilLevelAlarm
Record ON
1/0 0 Low Oil Level Alarm disturbance Record on
111
OLTC Trip Record
ON
1/0 0 OLTC Trip disturbance Record on
112
PRD Trip Record
ON
1/0 0 PRD Trip disturbance Record on
-68-
7 Installation and commissioning
7.1 Unpacking & Repacking
When dispatched from the factory, the equipment is packed in accordance with the
guidelines laid down in IEC 60255-21, which specifies the impact resistance of
packaging .This packing shall be removed with care, without force to the equipment
and without the use of inappropriate tools.
The equipment should be visually checked to ensure that there are no external
traces of damage. Verify that the conformity certificates, matched documents,
accessories are consistent with the order requirements, and ensure that the type,
nameplate, numbers of the equipments are perfect and consistent with packing list.
The transport packing can be re-used for further transport when applied in the same
way. The storage packing of the individual equipments is not suited to transport. If
alternative packing is used, this must also provide the same degree of protection
against mechanical shock, as laid down in IEC 60255-21-1 class 2 and IEC 60255-21-
2 class 1.
Before initial energizing with supply voltage, the equipment shall be situated in the
operating area for at least two hours in order to ensure temperature equalization and
to avoid humidity influences and condensation.
7.2 Mounting
The equipment ought to be fixed on panel or cabinet, and every connection bolt of
the equipment must be firmed.
Using earthing coppery wires connect the equipment ground and panel (cabinet)
ground with bus line and verify the earthing is reliably.
Checking the connection
The equipment wiring must meet the requirements of wiring scheme.
7.3 Check before power on
Pull out all the modules, check-up whether the mechanical structures accessory on
the board becomes flexible or there are mechanical damages and whether the wiring
is fastness.
Check the man-machine interface is connected with faceplate reliable.
Check the type tag of the equipment on faceplate, the lighting tag, backboard
terminal figure, terminal number tag and nameplate label of the equipment are intact
and right.
Each module withdrawal and insertion is flexible, space between module and plug
slot are suitable right, and the insertion depth is satisfied. Verify the lock-up is
reliable. The slice of current connector for short circuit ought to be opened reliably
when module is inserted.
Test insulation resistance in turn between analog circuits and ground, and the
circuits to each others every resistance must not be less than 100 M.
-69-
7.4 Check with power on
Power supply check
Testing of voltage output value and its stability every class output voltage must be
maintained stable as shown in Table 44 when the input voltage of DC power supply is U
N
.
Table 44: Permissive range for dc supplied by the power
Rated voltage Permissive range
+5 4.8 to 5.2
+12 11 to 13
12 11 to 13
+24 22 to 26
Give alarm after power off
Energized DC power supply, the equipment for loss of power alarm ought to be excited
reliably, and its contacts as X12-c16 and X12-a16 must be opened reliably. Cut off rating
DC power supply, the relay for loss of power alarm ought to be lost magnetism reliably,
and its contacts as X12-c16 and X12-a16 must be closed reliably.
-70-
8 Maintenance
8.1 Routine checks
Measure resistance in turn between analog circuits and ground.
Measure output voltage in every class.
Check printer.
Revise zero draft and scale.
Verify alarm circuit.
Verify binary input.
Actual live tripping including circuit breaker.
Check setting.
8.2 Relacing the back-up battery
Battery is used to store data, record fault and inner clock in case the power is off.
Battery is checked up timing, it will send out alarm after it is invalid or decline.
The back-up battery should be replaced at the latest after 10 years of operation or
after alarm signal was sent out.
Recommended battery: Lithium battery CR1/2AA, 3V/1Ah.
8.3 Fault tracing
The equipment may test all hardware components itself, including loop out of the
relay coil, Watch can find whether or not the equipment is in fault through warning lights
and warning characters which shows in liquid crystal display and print reports to tell fault
location and kind.
The method of eliminate fault is replacing fault board or eliminate external fault.
8.4 Repairs
Users should not change modules circuit or backboard circuit in repair.
Its appropriate to change power board when power supply is fault.
Its suggested that power board should purchased per 4 or 6 years because it cant
storage for a long time.
-71-
9 Storage
Although protection equipments are generally of robust construction, they require a
careful treatment prior to installation on site, since they must be carefully packed and
unpacked, without applying any force to the equipment and using suitable tools. Once
supplied, the equipment must be thoroughly inspected to ensure that they have not
undergone shipping damages. If the equipment is not immediately installed upon
reception, they must be stored in places free from dust and moisture, causticity in their
original packing.
Storage temperature: -10C + 40C.
The equipment must only be stored and carried in the special antistatic bag.
-72-
10 Ordering
10.1 Ordering data
10.2 Ordering data sample
For example, CSC-326M2_1552WA1, it shows that,
1. Three-winding transformer or auto-transformer,
2. In HV side, rated current of CT is 1A;
3. In MV side, rated current of CT is 5A;
4. In LV side, rated current of CT is 5A;
5. Power is 220V DC;
6. Master Module type, different hardware is 125;
7. Electric Ethernet interface or Fiber Ethernet interface on Master module (2 ports) is A;
8. RS485 interface on Master module is 1.
-73-
11 Appendix
This appendix is primarily a reference for the experienced user. General diagrams
indicating the terminal connections of the CSC326 models are included. Connection
examples show the proper connections of the device to primary equipment in typical
power system configurations. Tables with all information available in a CSC-326
equipped with all options are provided.
The main contents are as follows:
11.1 Terminal diagrams.
11.2 Connection examples.
11.3 Digital input module.
11.4 Digital output module.
11.5 Communication Protocol.
11.1 Terminal diagrams:
5
1
2
3
4
10
7
6
8
9
12
11
5 5 I HV2B' I HV2B
3
4
2
1
b a
X3( AI MODULE)
I LVC
I LVA
I LVB
I LVA'
I LVB'
I LVC'
1
2
3
4
b a
X2( AI MODULE)
I MVB'
I MVA'
I MVC'
I MVA
I MVB
I MVC
b a
X1( AI MODULE)
I HV1B'
I HV1A'
I HV1C'
I HV2A'
I HV1B
I HV1A
I HV1C
I HV2A
8
9
7
6
10
11
12
10
7
6
8
9
ULVB
ULVA ULVN
ULVC
12
11
UMVC
UMVN UMVA
UMVB
I HV2C' I HV2C
UHVC
UHVN UHVA
UHVB
I LVWC
I LVWA
I LVWB
I LVWA'
I LVWB'
I LVWC'
I REFHV I REFHV'
I REFMV I REFMV'
X4( MASTER MODULE)
232- TRAN
232- RECV
232- GND
485- 1A
485- 1B
485- 2A
GPSGND
LONGND
LON- 1B
LON- 1A
LON- 2B
485- 2B
NOT USED
GPS
NOT USED
12
6
3
1
2
4
5
9
7
8
10
11
13
14
16
15
DC+ I NPUT
X12( POWER)
2
6
4
8
12
10
14
18
16
20
R24V+ OUT
c a
R24V- OUT
DC FAI LURE
24
22
26
30
28
32
DC- I NPUT
14
DC+ I NPUT 2
8
4
6
10
12
X6( DI MODULE)
c a
ALARMI
DC- I NPUT
NOT LATCHED
LATCHED
26
20
16
18
22
24
32
28
30
c
c
a
a
OI L LEVEL ALARM
OTI HI GH ALARM
PRD TRI P
OLTC BUCH TRI P
REMACCESS BLK
RELAY TEST
RESET
I NBKMV' I NBKMV
I NBKHV I NBKHV'
UMV0N UMV0 UHV0N UHV0
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO2
DO2
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO1
DO2
4
2
8
6
10
14
12
20
18
16
X10( DOMODULE)
c a
26
24
22
28
32
30
DO 2( NOT LATCHED)
DO 1( LATCHED)
DO 2( NOT LATCHED)
DO 1( LATCHED)
DO2 NC
DO1 NO
BLK VOL REGU
X8( DOMODULE)
a
DO 1
DO 2
DO 1
DO 2
4
2
6
8
c
DO 2
DO 1
DO 1
DO 2
DO 1
DO 2
12
10
14
16
18
20
DO 3 22
24
26
28
30
32 FUTURE USE 2 ( NC)
HV CB1 ON
HV CB2 ON
MV CB ON
LV BU
MV BU
HV REF ACT
MV REF ACT
DO 1
DO 2
DO 3
DO 1
DI FF
REF
OVERFLUX
HV BU
CBF- 1
CBF- 2
CBF- 3
PD- 1
PD- 2
PD- 3
FUTURE USE 1
X11( DOMODULE)
2
c
6
4
8
12
10
20
16
18
14
a
22
24
28
30
26
32 LV CB ON
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
DI FF ACT
SI G1 COM1
( LATCHED)
SI G1 COM2
( LATCHED)
SI G2 COM1
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G2 COM2
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G3 COM1
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G3 COM2
( NOT LATCHED)
LON- 2A
NEU DI SP ALARM OVERLOAD
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
VT FAI L
DI FF ACT
BACK ACT
OVERLOAD
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
VT FAI L
DI FF ACT
BACK ACT
OVERFLUX ACT
OVERFLUX ACT
OVERFLUX ACT VT FAI L
BACK ACT
NEU DI SP ALARM
MV CB STATUS
MV CB PD
HV CB1 PD
HV CB2 PD
HV CB2 STATUS
HV CB1 STATUS
LV CB STATUS
R24V+ I NPUT
R24V- I NPUT
REF OPTD
NOT USED
NOT USED
NOT USED
NOT USED
OTI HI GH TRI P
WTI HI GH ALARM
WTI HI GH TRI P
BUCH ALARM
TRAFO/ BUCH TRI P
Fig. 28: CSC-326 Terminal diagram on the rear board (Model 2)
74
5
1
2
3
4
10
7
6
8
9
12
11
5 I HV2B' I HV2B
3
4
2
1
b a
X3( AI MODULE)
I LVC
I LVA
I LVB
I LVA'
I LVB'
I LVC'
b a
X1( AI MODULE)
I HV1B'
I HV1A'
I HV1C'
I HV2A'
I HV1B
I HV1A
I HV1C
I HV2A
8
9
7
6
10
11
12
ULVB
ULVA ULVN
ULVC
I HV2C' I HV2C
UHVC
UHVN UHVA
UHVB
I REFHV I REFHV'
X4( MASTER MODULE)
232- TRAN
232- RECV
232- GND
485- 1A
485- 1B
485- 2A
GPSGND
LONGND
LON- 1B
LON- 1A
LON- 2B
485- 2B
NOT USED
GPS
NOT USED
12
6
3
1
2
4
5
9
7
8
10
11
13
14
16
15
DC+ I NPUT
X12( POWER)
2
6
4
8
12
10
14
18
16
20
R24V+ OUT
c a
R24V- OUT
DC FAI LURE
24
22
26
30
28
32
DC- I NPUT
14
DC+ I NPUT 2
8
4
6
10
12
X6( DI MODULE)
c a
ALARMI
DC- I NPUT
NOT LATCHED
LATCHED
26
20
16
18
22
24
32
28
30
c
c
a
a
REMACCESS BLK
RELAY TEST
RESET
I NBKHV I NBKHV'
UHV0N UHV0
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO2
DO2
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO1
DO2
4
2
8
6
10
14
12
20
18
16
X10( DOMODULE)
c a
26
24
22
28
32
30
DO2( NOT LATCHED)
DO1( LATCHED)
DO2( NOT LATCHED)
DO1( LATCHED)
DO2 NC
DO1 NO
BLK VOL REGU
X8( DOMODULE)
a
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO2
4
2
6
8
c
DO2
DO1
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO2
12
10
14
16
18
20
DO3 22
24
26
28
30
32 FUTURE USE 2 ( NC)
HV CB1 ON
HV CB2 ON
LV CB ON
LV BU
NOT USED
HV REF ACT
LV REF ACT
DO1
DO2
DO3
DO1
DI FF
REF
OVERFLUX
HV BU
CBF- 1
CBF- 2
CBF- 3
PD- 1
PD- 2
PD- 3
FUTURE USE 1
X11( DOMODULE)
2
c
6
4
8
12
10
20
16
18
14
a
22
24
28
30
26
32 NOT USED
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
DI FF ACT
SI G1 COM1
( LATCHED)
SI G1 COM2
( LATCHED)
SI G2 COM1
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G2 COM2
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G3 COM1
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G3 COM2
( NOT LATCHED)
LON- 2A
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
VT FAI L
DI FF ACT
BACK ACT
OVERLOAD
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
VT FAI L
DI FF ACT
BACK ACT
OVERFLUX ACT
OVERFLUX ACT
BACK ACT
NEU DI SP ALARM
NOT USED
NOT USED
HV CB1 PD
HV CB2 PD
HV CB2 STATUS
HV CB1 STATUS
LV CB STATUS
R24V+ I NPUT
R24V- I NPUT
NOT USED
NOT USED
NOT USED
REF OPTD
NOT USED
I REFLV I REFLV'
I NBKLV I NBKLV'
OI L LEVEL ALARM
OTI HI GH ALARM
PRD TRI P
OLTC BUCH TRI P
OTI HI GH TRI P
WTI HI GH ALARM
WTI HI GH TRI P
BUCH ALARM
TRAFO/ BUCH TRI P
Fig. 29: CSC-326 Terminal diagram on the rear board (Model 1)
11.2 Connection Examples
Figure 30 illustrates the recommended standard connection for two-winding
transformers. Figure 31 illustrates the recommended standard connection for three-
winding transformers.
Differential protection embraces protection of the high voltage side and low
voltage side of the transformer cable. The permissible cable length and the CT design
(permissible load) are mutually dependent. Recalculation is advisable as for lengths of
more than 100m.
75
Typical connection 1:
2a
3a
2b
3b
IHVA
1a 1b
7a 7b
8a 8b
INBKHV
IHVB
IHVC
2a
3a
2b
3b
ILVA
1a 1b
ILVB
ILVC
A
B
C
A
B
C
UHVA
11a
10a
10b
11b
9a
9b
UHVB
UHVC
UHVN
UHV0
UHV0N
ULVA
11a
10a
10b
11b
ULVB
ULVC
ULVN
AI1
AI3
IREFHV
Transformer
module
Transformer
module
Fig. 30: Typical connection example for two-winding transformer.
76
Typical connection 2:
2a
3a
2b
3b
IHA
1a 1b
IHB
IHC
A
B
C
A
B
C
UHA
11a
10a
10b
11b
9a
9b
UHB
UHC
UHN
UH0
UH0N
UL1A
11a
10a
10b
11b
UL1B
UL1C
UL1N
AI1
AI3
Transformer
module
Transformer
module
AI2
Transformer
module
2a
3a
2b
3b
1a 1b
IMA
IMB
A
B
C
IMC
UMA
11a
10a
10b
11b
9a
9b
UMB
UMC
UMN
UM0
UM0N
2a
3a
2b
3b
IL1A
1a 1b
IL1B
IL1C
4a 4b
5a 5b
AI2
Transformer
module
IH0
IHJX
IMJ
6b 6a
IM0
7b
7a
Fig. 31: Typical connection example for three-winding transformer.
77
11.3 Digital input module
14
DC+ I NPUT
2
8
4
6
10
12
X6( DI MODULE)
c a
ALARMI
DC- I NPUT
NOT LATCHED
LATCHED
26
20
16
18
22
24
32
28
30
c
c
a
a
OI L LEVEL ALARM
OTI HI GH ALARM
PRD TRI P
OLTC BUCH TRI P
REMACCESS BLK
RELAY TEST
RESET
MV CN STATUS
MV CB PD
HV CB1 PD
HV CB2 PD
HV CB2 STATUS
HV CB1 STATUS
LV CB STATUS OTI HI GH TRI P
WTI HI GH ALARM
WTI HI GH TRI P
BUCH ALARM
TRAFO BUCH TRI P
R24V+ I NPUT
R24V- I NPUT
REF OPTD
t o X12 a20/ c20/ a22/ c22
t o X12 a26/ c26/ a28/ c28
t o X12 a2/ c2/ a4/ c4
t o X12 a8/ c8/ a10/ c10/ a12/ c12
Di gi t al i nput - gr oup 0, No 0
Di gi t al i nput - gr oup 2, No 7 NOT USED
NOT USED
NOT USED
NOT USED
Fig. 32: Connection for digital input module.
11.4 Digital output module
X8( DOMODULE)
a
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO2
4
2
6
8
c
DO2
DO1
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO2
12
10
14
16
18
20
DO3 22
24
26
28
30
32
FUTURE USE 2 ( NC)
DO1
DO2
DO3
DO1
DI FF
REF
OVERFLUX
HV BU
CBF- 1
CBF- 2
CBF- 3
PD- 1
PD- 2
PD- 3
FUTURE USE 1
2c 2a
4c 4a
6c 6a
8c 8a
10c 10a
12c 12a
14c 14a
16c 16a
18c 18a
20c 20a
22c 22a
24c 24a
26c 26a
28c 28a
30c 30a
32c 32a
ever y cont act i s separ at e.
Fig. 33: Connection for digital output module (X8 module)
78
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO2
DO2
DO1
DO2
DO1
DO1
DO2
4
2
8
6
10
14
12
20
18
16
X10( DOMODULE)
c a
26
24
22
28
32
30
DO2( NOT LATCHED)
DO1( LATCHED)
DO2( NOT LATCHED)
DO1( LATCHED)
DO2 NC
DO1 NO
BLK VOL REGU
HV CB1 ON
HV CB2 ON
MV CB ON
LV BU
MV BU
HV REF ACT
MV REF ACT
6c 6a
8c 8a
10c 10a
12c 12a
14c 14a
16c 16a
18c 18a
20c 20a
22c 22a
24c 24a
26c 26a
28c 28a
30c 30a
32c 32a
2c 2a
4c 4a
a r el ay, t wo cont act s
Fig. 34: Connection for digital output module(X10 module).
X11( DOMODULE)
2
c
6
4
8
12
10
20
16
18
14
a
22
24
28
30
26
32 LV CB ON
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
DI FF ACT
SI G1 COM1
( LATCHED)
SI G1 COM2
( LATCHED)
SI G2 COM1
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G2 COM2
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G3 COM1
( NOT LATCHED)
SI G3 COM2
( NOT LATCHED)
NEU DI SP ALARM
OVERLOAD
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
VT FAI L
DI FF ACT
BACK ACT
OVERLOAD
ALARMI I
CT FAI L
VT FAI L
DI FF ACT
BACK ACT
NEU DI SP ALARM
OVERLOAD
OVERFLUX ACT
OVERFLUX ACT
BACK ACT
NEU DI SP ALARM
8a
10a
4a
6a
2a
18a
20a
14a
16a
28a
30a
24a
26a
12a
22a
8c
10c
4c
6c
2c
18c
20c
14c
16c
28c
30c
24c
26c
12c
22c
32c 32a
2a/ 12a/ 22a, onl y a r el ay, t hr ee cont act s
2c/ 12c/ 22c, onl y a r el ay, t hr ee cont act s
Fig. 35: Connection for digital output module(X11 module).
79
11.5 Communication Protocol
Table 45: Communication protocol
Front port for communication
Connection type electric COM port
Communication protocol Interior communication protocol
Type of connector DB9 pin connector
Speed of communication 9600 bps
Rear port for local /
remote communication
only local communication
Connection type RS-232;Ethernet;RS-485
Communication protocol CSC2000
Medium of connection electric
Type of connector
RS-232:DB25 connector;Ethernet:RJ45;RS-485:twisted-
pair
Speed of communication
RS-232:9600bps; Ethernet:10/100Mbps adaptable; RS-
485:9600bps~38400bps
Isolation Yes
Dielectric level III
Maximum cable length RS-232:10m;Ethernet:110m ;RS-485:1.2km
Type of port required at
PC end
Ethernet:RJ45;RS-485:COM port
Functions supported by
this port
RS-232:Print setting, fault report, waveform report
Ethernet&RS-485:see above 12 m)
Rear port for substation automation
Connection type 3 Ethernet port;2 RS-485; 2 Lon works
Communication protocol
CSC2000 or IEC 60870-5-103 or IEC 61850 for Ethernet
port or RS-485; CSC2000 for Lon works
Medium of connection
Ethernet port: optics/electric ;RS-
485:electric;Lonworks:electric
Type of connector
Ethernet port:(SC/ST)/RJ45 ; RS-485:twisted-pair;
Lonworks: twisted-pair
Speed of communication
Ethernet port:10/100Mbps adaptable ; RS-85:9600bps;
Lonworks:78kbps
Maximum cable length
Ethernet port(optics/electric):110m/2km ; RS-485:
1.2km; Lonworks:1.3km
Optical wavelength 850nm;1300nm
Permissible line
attenuation
15dB
Type of port required at
PC end
Ethernet port; COM port
Standard IEC 60870-5-103; IEC 61850
80

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CSC-326 Numerical Transformer

Protection Equipment Manual

is the current vector of side I,

is the vector of current of HV, MV and LV windings;

- The maximum current vector of the N input, suppose it is side j;

- Sum of the other current input, not including side j.

is the current of every side. To clarify the

, this has the same

on side 2. Multiplying it with 3 1 matches the absolute value. The matrix

Fig.10: Restricted earth fault protection on an earthed transformer winding

Fig.11: Restricted earth fault protection on an auto-transformer

flows through the neutral lead, the

a) Direction to transformer b) Direction to system

a) Direction to transformer b) Direction to system

I - rms thermal current setting;

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