OSI Name 7 Application 6 Presentation 5 Session 4 Transport 3 Network 2 Data link 1 Physical

TCP/IP

Protocols and Standards HTTP, SMTP, Telnet, DNS, DHCP, FTP

Application

SSL NetBIOS, PPTP

Transport Internet

TCP, UDP IP, AppleTalk

Network Access ARP, IEEE 802.3, Frame Relay, FDDI , Token Ring Layer DSL, IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.11, USB, Bluetooth, CSMA

Layer 7: Application
This layer provides applications with services.

Layer 3: Network
This is the layer that provides logical address to host so they can communicate with each other and through routers.

HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) is the protocol for websites and the its port number is 80. DNS (Domain Name Service) is the protocol used to translate domain names into the IP address of that location and its port number is 53. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is the protocol for assigning a host device a IP Address. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is the protocol used for transferring files from host to host and its port number is 21 SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for the transfer of mail and its port number is 25.

IP (Internet Protocol), IPv4 & IPv6, are the protocols that provide the host with an address to communicate across networks. AppleTalk is the protocol used by apple computers that allows them to communicate with other apple computers.

Layer 2: Data Link

This layer is for physical addressing of the hosts.

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) this is the protocol that switches use to retrieve MAC addresses of a host NIC IEEE 802.3 is the Standard used by Ethernet. Frame Relay is the protocol for used for packet switching FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface ) Token Ring

Layer 6: Presentation
This layer translates layers 5-1 and puts them in a format humans can read.

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is the protocol that provides a secure connection between the host and destination.

Layer 1: Physical
This layer is the connections and cables.

Layer 5: Session
This layer provides you to have multiple sessions open without them conflicting.

DSL (Digital subscriber line) it the technology for data transmission over a telephone network IEEE 802.3 is the standard for Ethernet cables IEEE 802.11 is the standard for a Wireless LAN USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a connection that is physical Bluetooth is a wireless connection used in PANs CSMA/ CD & CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection & Collision Avoidance) is used at the physical layer to avoid collisions

NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) is a protocol that allows multiple computers to communicate in the local area network . PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunnelling Protocol) is the protocol that is used in VPNs (Virtual Private Networks)

Layer 4: Transport
This layer is the way packets are sent.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) this is the protocol used for sending packets though the network without confirmation of sending. This is used for streaming, downloading videos, etc. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is the protocol for sending packets that require a confirmation for another to be resent.