Hyperbolic Trigonometry

Hyperbolic Trigonometry This is one of the less-practiced subjects in U.S. education. All too often, it makes its first appearance in the middle of the Calculus series, with very little context. Many of the identities are similar (but often have sign differences) to those in Trigonometry. Much of this can be understood with only some familiarity with College Algebra, however. Two physical applications (there are undoubtedly more) are: Hanging an inelastic rope between two points. [The actual arc of the rope turns out to be from the hyperbolic trig function cosh. The emulation of a uniform gravity field by a uniform acceleration, in General Relativity. There are two common approaches to this material:
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Always reduce to definitions immediately Learn both trigonometry and hyperbolic trigonmetry so well that the identities cannot be confused. It's your choice...but be advised that the first option is often much quicker to implement. Trigonometric Functions are also known as circular functions; trigonometric functions are the functions of angles. These functions are helpful to form a relation between the angle and sides of triangle. Sine, cosine, tangent, are the function which are most familiar trigonometric function. The trig function can be more precisely defined with the help of ratios, ratios of the two sides of a Right Angle triangle. Trigonometric functions can be used for calculating lengths and angle of the right angle triangle. Trigonometric functions can be used for navigation, medical imaging, engineering, optics, probability theory. Also the function such as sine and cosine are apparently used to model periodic function phenomenon like in sound and light waves. Basically six common trigonometric functions are there. We can relate them easily with one another.
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At its most basic level, trigonometry is nothing more than a description of "going around in a circle." The description is made using two circular functions. These functions give the x and the y coordinates of a point on the unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1 as a function of an angle u : The circular coordinate functions are important enough to have special names: the cosine and the sine. We write x(u) = cos u and y(u) = sin u. As u increases, the point (x(u), y(u)) goes round and round, in an ideal model of many natural periodic behaviors. Algebraically, however, there is nothing particularly special about x 2 + y 2 = 1. For example, what would happen if we changed the plus to a minus? The result, x 2 y 2 = 1, is called the unit hyperbola. Its right half looks like this: Sensibly enough, there are hyperbolic functions to give these x and y coordinates. The functions are called the hyperbolic cosine and the hyperbolic sine, respectively, and we write x(v) = cosh v and y(v) = sinh v. The v here isn't an angle, but rather an area: Twice the shaded area in the figure above. (It turns out that the angle u in the definition of the circular functions can also be thought of as an area: Twice the shaded area in the top figure.) Obviously, the hyperbolic functions cannot be used to model periodic behaviors, since both cosh v and sinh v will just grow and grow as v increases.

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