M U

1 MC CH ng Nai l mt tnh ln c din tch t nhin 5.860 km2, nm trong vng kinh t trng im pha Nam. S pht trin nng ng ca khu vc tam gic kinh t trng im pha Nam (thnh ph H Ch Minh ng Nai Vng Tu) thu ht rt nhiu cc nh u t, trong ng Nai thu ht mt s lng ln cc doanh nghip trong v ngoi nc u t vo 17 KCN trn a bn Tnh. S pht trin mnh m ca cc doanh nghip lm cho lu lng hng ha xut nhp khu (XNK) tng c qui m ln s lng, tp trung ch yu cc khu cng nghip ca tnh. Mt s ngnh cng nghip nh sn xut g, vn dm, vn p, hng mc xut khu ca cng ty g Tn Mai gp phn thc hin cng cuc cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc, to vic lm, gp phn pht trin kinh t cng nghip a phng. nh gi tc ng mi trng TM (Environmental Impact Assessment-EIA) l qu trnh nhn dng v d on cc nh hng mang tnh tim nng ln mi trng (bao gm c cc nh hng a - sinh hc, kinh t - x hi v vn ha) ca cc d n, cc hot ng, cc chnh sch v cc chng trnh pht trin ng thi chuyn ti cc thng tin d on nh hng n cc nh hoch nh chnh sch trc khi h ban hnh quyt nh (Harley 1995), nhm ra cc bin php k thut v qun l gim n mc thp nht cc nh hng xu, ng thi pht huy ti a cc mt tch cc. Ni chung, TM l cng c khoa hc hu ch phc v cho vic qun l cng nh gim st v bo v mi trng, gim n mc thp nht cc nh hng tiu cc ca cc d n n mi trng. Bo co TM ny c thc hin nhm mc ch: Xc nh hin trng mi trng ti khu vc d n v cc vng ln cn;

Lit k v nh gi cc tc ng c th nh hng n mi trng, kinh t, x hi do hot ng san lp mt bng, xy dng c s h tng v i vo hot ng ca cng ty g Tn Mai.

xut cc bin php cng ngh x l nhim; Lp chng trnh gim st mi trng.

Nh vy, kt hp cht ch vi chng trnh gim st, bo co TM l cng c c lc phc v cho vic qun l v kim sot cng nh ln k hoch bo v mi trng nhm gim thiu n mc thp nht nh hng xu ca d n n mi trng ng thi pht huy cc u im cng nh th mnh ca d n. 2. CN C PHP LUT V K THUT CA VIC THC HIN TM 2.1 Cc C S Php L Bo co TM cho cng ty g Tn Mai c xy dng da vo cc vn bn php l v ti liu tham kho sau: Lut Bo V Mi Trng s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 12-12-2005 ca quc hi; Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 9 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo V Mi Trng Quyt nh s 229-Q/TC, ngy 25/03/1995 ca B Trng B Khoa Hc Cng Ngh v Mi Trng v vic ban hnh tiu chun Vit Nam. Ngh nh s 26/CP ngy 26-4-1996 ca Chnh Ph quy nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh v bo v mi trng; Hng dn lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca B Khoa Hc Cng Ngh v Mi trng, Cc Mi trng (1999). Quyt nh s 155/1999/Q-TTg ngy 16/7/1999 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic ban hnh Quy ch qun l cht thi nguy hi.

Thng t s 07/1999/TT-BXD ngy 25/09/1999 ca B Xy Dng v vic Hng dn qun l v p dng cc tiu chun, quy phm v k thut xy dng v cc vn bn ban hnh quy phm, quy chun, tiu chun v xy dng ca Vit Nam.

Quyt nh s 2582/2001/Q.CT.UBT ca UBND tnh ng Nai v vic ban hnh quy nh an ton v thu gom, lu gi, vn chuyn, x l v tiu hy cht thi nguy hi trn a bn tnh;

Quyt nh s 35/2002/Q-BKHCNMT ca B Khoa Hc Cng Ngh V Mi Trng v vic cng b danh mc tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng bt buc p dng;

Quyt nh s 210/2005/Q.UBT ca UBND tnh ng Nai v vic ban hnh Quy nh phn vng mi trng nc v khng kh p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng TCVN-2001 trn a bn tnh;

Ch th 23/2005/CT-TTg ca Th tng Chnh ph v y mnh cng tc qun l cht thi rn ti cc th v khu cng nghip;

2.2 Cc Ti Liu C S Khc Bo co nghin cu kh thi d n nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu vi tng cng sut 23.000 m3 / nm ca cng ty g Tn Mai. Cc s liu v ti nguyn v mi trng huyn Long Thnh, tnh ng Nai. Cc quy nh, tiu chun v phng chy cha chy, tiu chun giao thng v xy dng.

CHNG 1 M T TM TT D N

TN D N NH MY SN XUT VN P, VN DM, HNG MC XUT KHU VI TNG CNG SUT 23.000 M3/NM a im: Cm cng nghip Thnh Ph Thin Tn, p 1, x Thnh Ph, huyn Vnh Cu, tnh ng Nai. CH D N a. Tn cng ty: CNG TY C PHN TNG HP G TN MAI. b. i din c u quyn: - H v tn : L QU HNG - Sinh ngy 23 thng 12 nm 1950 - Chc v trong Cng ty : CH TCH HQT kim Gim c - S chng minh nhn dn : 270059571 - Ni cp CA. ng Nai ngy cp 28/08/1992. - ng k h khu thng tr : K10/12, KP 3, phng Thng Nht, TP Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai. c. Tr s chnh: - KP3, phng Thng Nht, TP Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai - in thoi: 061.3822258 Fax: 0613823731 d. Giy ng k kinh doanh - S: 4703000308 do S K Hoch u T Tnh ng Nai cp.

V TR A L CA D N D n Nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu vi tng cng sut 23.000 m3/nm ta lc ti Cm cng nghip Thnh Ph Thin Tn, x Thnh Ph, huyn Vnh Cu, tnh ng Nai. Cc v tr tip gip xung quanh nh sau: + Pha Bc + Pha ng + Pha Nam + Pha Ty : gip t ca Cng ty TNHH Phin Nga : gip ng ng Khi : gip t ca Cng ty TNHH Quc Vinh : gip t ca Cng ty c phn CP Vit Nam.

V tr d n cch trung UBND x Thnh Ph 5km. V tr khu t ca D n trong tng th khu vc c trnh by trong hnh 1.1 V tr khu t D n Hnh 1. 1. V tr D n trong tng th khu vc x Thnh Ph NI DUNG CH YU CA D N Mc tiu ca d n Cng sut nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu l 23.000 m3/nm. C th nh sau: Dy chuyn sn xut vn p: 6.000 m3/nm Dy chuyn sn xut vn dm: 15.000 m3/nm Dy chuyn sn xut hng mc tinh ch: 2.000 m3/nm Cc hng mc cng trnh cn thi cng Quy hoch v b tr tng mt bng Nh my Sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu c tun theo cc tiu chun xy dng, quy chun xy dng Vit Nam v theo cc nguyn tc sau: B tr dy chuyn sn xut hin i, p mt;

B tr mt bng nh xng, nh kho, cng trnh ph tr theo

hng tit kim khng gian cn din tch trng cy xanh, hp l ha vic vn chuyn nguyn liu, vt t t kho bi n khu vc sn xut; Phng n PCCC cho ton b khu vc; Cc yu t mi trng c ch khi quy hoch mt bng nh:

Khu x l nc thi phi sau phn xng v cui chiu gi; khu vn phng, nh xe b tr mt tin; Quy cch xy dng: Cc cng trnh ca ca Nh my Sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu gm c 03 khi chnh l nh xng, nh kho v khi vn phng c kt cu chu lc v ko thp, ct b tng, mng nng BTCT t trn nn t t nhin. Nn xng v kho bng b tng. Mng, ct, nn nh kho v xng bng b tng ti ch. Ko thp c gia cng ni khc v chuyn ch n cng trng v c lp dng bng cn cu. Cc hng mc ph cn li nh: Nh bo v, nh n, nh vn phng c kt cu mng ct bng b tng, ko thp n gin, c th thi cng v lp dng ti cng trng. Cc hng mc xy dng ca d n bao gm: nh vn phng, nh bo v, nh xe CBCNV, nh n tp th, nh kho vt t nguyn liu, nh kho thnh phm, nh xng sn xut, nh v sinh, h thng cy xanh, ng giao thng ni b. Tng din tch t quy hoch: 28.000 m2. Qui m s dng t c th hin trong bng 1.1 Bng 1. 1. Cc hng mc cng trnh ca Nh my STT 1 2 3 4 Hng mc xy dng Nh vn phng Nh n TT v nh xe CBCNV Kho vt t nguyn liu Kho thnh phm Din tch (m2) 600 800 2500 1500

STT 5 6 7 8

Hng mc xy dng Nh xng sn xut Nh bo v + nh VS + cng, tng ro Sn ng ni b Thm c, cy xanh

Din tch (m2) 14.000 600 3800 4200

9 Tng cng 28.000 Ngun: Bo co Kinh t K thut Nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu Bng 1. 2. Bng cn bng s dng t STT 1 Hng mc t xy dng: nh xng, nh kho, Din tch (m2) Mt (%)

20.000 71,4 vn phng 2 t ng giao thng v sn 3800 13,6 3 Din tch cy xanh 4200 15 4 Tng din tch 28.000 100 Ngun: Bo co Kinh t K thut Nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu Mt bng nh xng c b tr thng ng theo s sp xp ti u v quy trnh sn xut t u vo ca nguyn liu cho n u ra ca sn phm, ng thi c tnh ton n s hi ha gia cc b phn cng tc ph tr khc trong nh my. Cc hng mc cng trnh ph tr 1.4.3.1 H thng cp nc 1/ Nhu cu dng nc

Nc c s dng cho cc mc ch sau: Nc cp sinh hot cho cng nhn vin trong nh my Nhu cu cp nc: Trong : q : tiu chun ly nc bng 60 l/ngi/ngy n : S cng nhn vin trong nh my khong 1800 ngi
qn 1.000

Q
Nc cp ti cy

1800 ng 60lt / ng = 108(m 3 / ngy ) 1.000

Theo tiu chun 0,5 lt/m2, tng lng nc cn dng

4200 m 2 0,5lt / m 2 = 2,1(m 3 / ngy ) 1.000

Nc cp cho sn xut Nc cp cho sn xut ch yu t cng on sn (sn lt, sn ph). Lu lng nc l Q3 = 5 m3/ ngy. Tng lng nc cn s dng Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 = 115,1 m3/ngy 2/ Ngun nc Ngun nc: Nh my s dng ngun cp nc l nc my thy cc. 1.4.3.2 H thng thot nc v x l nc thi 1/ Thot nc ma H thng cng thot nc ma c b tr xung quanh trong khun vin Nh my.H thng ny c lp v ring bit vi h thng cng thot nc thi. H thng thot nc ma c thit k chy dc theo ng giao thng ni b v c u ni vi h thng thot nc ma ca khu vc. 2/ Thot nc thi H thng cng thot nc thi c xy dng ring bit vi h thng thot nc ma, b tr dc xng sn xut, khu vc nh n v khu vc nh v sinh dn ton b lng nc thi sinh ra trong qu trnh hot ng v nc thi sinh hot ( qua x l bng b t hoi) vo h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca Nh My. 3/ X l nc thi i vi nc thi sinh hot: Nc thi sinh hot sau khi qua b t hoi s

c chuyn v h thng x l nc thi tp trung.

i vi nc thi sn

Ch d n s u t xy dng h thng x l nc thi tp trung x l ton b lng nc thi pht sinh t d n, bao gm: Lu lng nc thi sinh hot l: 108 m3/ngy x 0,8 = 86,4 m3/ngy (tnh bng 80% lng nc cp). Lu lng nc thi sn tnh bng lng nc cp l 5 m3/ngy. Tng lu lng nc thi vo h thng x l tp trung l: 91,4 m3/ngy. 1.4.3.3 Phng n cung cp in Lp t trm bin th 1000 KVA h th t h thng li in quc gia xung 380V, 3 pha. M t cng ngh a. Quy trnh sn xut vn dm

Nguyn liu: g trn, g tn dng, ci ph liu, dm bo

Nhai dm

Trn keo

Tri dm

Bi

p vn dm Rong cnh Cht thi rn, bi

Ch nhm Kim tra phn loi

Bi

Nhp kho

Hnh 1. 2. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut sn xut vn dm Thuyt minh quy trnh: Nguyn liu sn xut vn dm t g trn, g tn dng, ci ph liu, dm bo. u tin, nguyn liu c a vo my nhai dm to thnh bt g. Bt g ny c chuyn qua thit b trn keo. Bt dm sau khi trn keo c tri ln khun c chun b sn

v a vo my p. Vn sau khi p c a vo my ct ct li cc mp ngoi cho bng phng. Sau c a vo my ch nhm lm lng b mt. Cui cng sn phm s c chuyn qua b KCS kim tra li trc khi cho nhp kho. b. Quy trnh sn xut vn p

Nguyn liu: g trn

Ct lng Lng vn Bi, cht thi rn

Ct vn Sy Ct, v, xp Ln keo p nh hnh p nng Rong cnh

Bi, cht thi rn

Cht thi rn

Cht thi rn

Ch nhm

Bi

Kim tra phn loi Nhp kho Hnh 1. 3. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut vn p

Thuyt minh quy trnh: Nguyn liu sn xut Vn p l g trn. u tin, g trn s c ct lng thnh cc on ngn hn. Sau , g c a qua my lng vn ct mng g ra thnh cc tm vn mng v a vo my sy sy kh. Nhng tm g c v tr khng t yu cu nh b lng, rng... s c ct b v v ming khc vo. Sau , cc tm g s c ln keo ri a vo my p. Cc tm g sau khi p s c a n my ct rong cnh cho bng phng. Sau c a vo my ch nhm lm lng b mt. Cui cng sn phm s c chuyn qua b KCS kim tra li trc khi cho nhp kho. c.Quy trnh sn xut hng mc tinh ch

Nguyn liu: g x sy kh

Ct Bo Bi, cht thi rn

Ghp To dng Bi, cht thi rn

Ch nhm Lp rp Sn lt Ch nhm

Bi

Nc thi, hi dung mi Bi Nc thi, hi dung mi Cht thi rn

Sn ph

ng gi Nhp kho

Hnh 1. 4. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut hng mc tinh ch Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh

Nguyn liu sn xut hng mc tinh ch l g x sy kh c nhp t Newziland. u tin g s c ct thnh nhng thanh g nh. Nhng thanh g s c bo nhn ri ghp li vi nhau, to thnh tm g ln hn. Sau , cc thanh g s c to dng, ch nhm cho nhn b mt ri lp rp vi nhau thnh cc sn phm theo yu cu ca khch hng. Sn phm s c sn lt, ch nhm, sn ph ri chuyn qua b phn KCS kim tra trc khi ng gi v nhp kho. Danh sch my mc thit b Nhu cu trang thit b ca Nh my c trnh by trong Bng 1.3. Bng 1. 3. Danh sch my mc thit b Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Tn thit b L hi SHE-60D L hi BD00191 L hi LT3/10KE Palan 10T KOJIMADENKT Palan 5T My p nng 35T My p 6T My xn dc My xn ngang My nh nhn My p lnh My bc vn My lng ngang My lng TQ Palan 2T My ca vng CD3 My ct t ng My sy Hongan My cht t My cht kh My p dm My trn dm c tnh k thut 7200kh/h 4000kg/h 3000kg/h 10 tn 5 tn 1,25m3/h 0,5m3/h 2,5m3/h 2,5m3/h 2,5m3/h 2,5m3/h 2,5m3/h 0,2 m3/h 1m3/h 2 tn 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 1 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 1 m3/h 0,5 m3/h S lng 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 Nc SX Taiwan USA Vit Nam Japan Japan Japan Japan Japan Japan Taiwan Japan Vit Nam Italia China Japan Vit Nam Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Vit Nam Vit Nam Tnh trng 70% 70% 70% 50% 50% 60% 60% 50% 50% 80% 50% 80% 80% 80% 60% 50% 60% 50% 50% 50% 70% 70%

Stt 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58

Tn thit b My trng keo My nhai ci My ht bi My p 6T My p 6T My ln keo My ni vn My cht vn My ln keo My ch nhm My ht bi My sy vn TQ My bo 4 mt My bo 2 mt My phay 2 trc My phay 1 trc My ct ngang My ca lng My ch nhm thng nh My ct 2 u My nh mng Finger My p Finger My ca vn p Gin ghp g My nn kh My nn kh 10HP My ch nhm bng My Ripsaw Qut ht bi Dy chuyn sn My khoan ng My ch nhm trc My ch nhm lc My ch nhm thng Motuer ht bi Qut ht bi ti

c tnh k thut 0,5 m /h 0,3 tn/h 25 HP 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,3 m3/h 0,3 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 2,5 m3/h 25 HP 0,5 m3/h 0,3 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 1 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 1 m3/h 0,4 m3/h 5 HP 10 HP 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 10 HP 1 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 0,5 m3/h 25 HP 10 HP
3

S lng 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 1 2 3 1

Nc SX Taiwan Vit Nam Vit Nam Taiwan Italia Taiwan Italia Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan China Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Vit Nam Vit Nam Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Vit Nam Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Vit Nam Taiwan Taiwan Vit Nam Vit Nam Taiwan Vit Nam Vit Nam

Tnh trng 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 80% 80% 70% 60% 70% 90% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 60% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60%

Stt

Tn thit b

c tnh k thut
3

Nc SX

Tnh

lng trng 59 My khoan nm 0,5 m /h 2 Taiwan 60% 3 60 My copy 1 m /h 1 Taiwan 60% Ngun: Bo co Kinh t K thut Nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu u vo Bng 1. 4. Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu u vo STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Danh mc n v tnh S lng 3 Nguyn liu sn xut 6.000m vn p G trn m3 2500 3 Vn lng m 7100 Nha phenol tn 97 Ur tn 160 Formalin 37% tn 380 Nguyn liu sn xut 15.000 m3 vn dm Ci vn Tn 8100 Dm bo Tn 7200 Ur Tn 640 Formalin 37% Tn 1260 Nguyn liu sn xut 2.000 m3 hng mc G x sy m3 4000 Xut x Newziland Vit Nam India Vit Nam Taiwan Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Taiwan Newziland +

kh Vit Nam 11 Sn Kg 7200 Taiwan 12 Dung mi sn Kg 11000 Taiwan Ngun: Bo co Kinh t K thut Nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu Nhu cu lao ng, cn b cng nhn vin Tng lao ng ca Nh my l 1800 ngi. Hiu qu u t u t xy mi Nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu ca Cng ty c phn tng hp G Tn Mai ti Cm cng nghip Thnh Ph Thin Tn, x Thnh Ph, huyn Vnh Cu nhm nng cao nng lc sn xut cc mt hng g xut khu, p ng cung cp kp thi cc mt hng phc v nhu cu th hiu ca khch hng, nng cao

cht lng v tnh cnh tranh sn phm g ca doanh nghip, tng bc chuyn dn Nh my ra khi ni thnh ph Bin Ha ng theo tinh thn ch o ca UBND tnh ng Nai. Tin thc hin d n: Hon thnh cc th tc v nhn bn giao mt bng: thng 06/2008 Hon thnh thit k, d ton v giy php xy dng: thng 07/2009 Khi cng xy dng c s h tng chnh: Thng 07/2009 Lp t thit b hon chnh : Thng 11/2010 Bt u hot ng chnh thc: thng 12/2009

Vn ca doanh nghip Tng vn u t hon chnh l: 35.000.000.000 ng, trong : - Xy dng kin trc h tng: - My mc thit b: Ngun vn: lc). T chc qun l v thc hin d n Bng cc ngun vn vay u ai. Bng cc ngun khc (t c, ti tr, gp vn ca cc c ng chin 20.000.000.000 ng 15.000.000.000 ng

i hi ng c ng

Hi ng Qun tr

Ban kim sot

Gim c

Ph gim c Ti chnh Kinh doanh

Ph gim c Cng ngh - K thut

Ph gim c sn xut

Phng T chc Hnh chnh

Phng K hoch u t

Phng K ton Ti v

XN Vn p Tn Mai

XN XD Thng Nht

XN Dch v-Thng mi An Bnh

P. xng Vn p

B phn thit k

B phn tip th

P. xng Vn dm

i thi cng

B phn Kinh doanh

P. xng Mc

i thi cng

Hnh 1. 5. S t chc qun l v thc hin d n

CHNG 2 IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T- X HI 2.1 iu kin t nhin v mi trng: iu kin v a l v a cht: D n Nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu vi tng cng sut 23.000 m3/nm ta lc ti Cm cng nghip Thnh Ph Thin Tn, x Thnh Ph, huyn Vnh Cu, tnh ng Nai. Cc v tr tip gip xung quanh nh sau: + Pha Bc + Pha ng + Pha Nam + Pha Ty : gip t ca Cng ty TNHH Phin Nga : gip ng ng Khi : gip t ca Cng ty TNHH Quc Vinh : gip t ca Cng ty c phn CP Vit Nam.

V tr d n cch trung UBND x Thnh Ph 5km. V tr khu t ca D n trong tng th khu vc c trnh by trong hnh 1.1

Hnh 1. 6. V tr D n trong tng th khu vc x Thnh Ph

 iu kin v kh tng thy vn/ hi vn:

S liu v kh tng - thu vn khu vc d n: ly trong cc Nin gim thng k gn nht (5 nm gn nht) do Tng Cc thng k xut bn hng nm cho cc tnh. Cn c cc s liu thu vn ca h thng sng, ngi v vic s dng nc t cc sng, trong khu vc. c bit lu cc thu vc tip nhn ngun nc thi (nc ma chy trn v nc thi sn xut, sinh hot sau x l). iu kin thi tit kh hu khu vc d n: da vo ngun s liu thng k ti cc trm quan trc ca Trung tm kh tng thu vn gn v tr d n v thuc a bn tnh ni d n s c xy dng. S liu phi c thng k trong vng 5-10 nm gn nht, vi cc c trng: Nhit khng kh, s gi nng, bc x mt tri , ch ma, m khng kh tng i, ch gi, hin tng kh tng nguy him (nu c) nh: bo l, ging, t, sng, m

Nhn xt: nh gi nhng thun li v kh khn do thi tit kh hu tc ng

n d n. Mng li thu vn: m t mng li thu vn ti khu vc d n, c th l ngun tip nhn nc ma v nc thi ca d n. Mng li thu vn phi th hin c cc c trng: Tn sng sui, hnh thi v c trng ca sng sui: chiu di, chiu rng, su, lu lng dng chy, vn tc dng chy

-Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin: 2.2 iu kin kinh t - x hi: iu kin kinh t:
Vic pht trin d n trong mi lin quan n Quy hoch pht trin kinh t ca vng, tnh. Cn cp n cc cng trnh cng nghip, nng nghip, khai khong ln trong khu vc d n v rng cc d n phn ho hc mi a s l ln v qui m nh hng ca n cng ln. Ch r ngun s liu

ly s dng. Ngoi ra cn c s liu v sn xut mt s sn phm nng nghip chnh (nng sut, sn lng... cc s liu ny c th ly trong cc nin gim thng k hoc cc ngun tin cy khc); giao thng vn ti; du lch, dch v v cc ngnh khc ca x thuc d n. Nu d n nm trong Khu hay Cm cng nghip cn tm tt thng tin v hot ng ca Khu/ cm cng nghip: cc ngnh ngh u t; co s h tng; c bit lu v cng tc qun l mi trng hin c ca Khu/Cm cng nghip ( c cc h thng x l cht thi tp trung cha? c Ban qun l mi trng? vv).

iu kin v x hi:
- Dn c, lao ng: Ch n tnh hnh dn c kim sng trong nhng khu vc thc hin d n v chu tc ng ca d n - Tnh hnh x hi: - Y t v sc kho cng ng Mng li v tnh hnh gio dc dn tr: Trong phn ny s a ra cc thng tin v gio dc, trnh vn ho, v cc iu kin khc ca dn c cc khu vc b tc ng ca d n. Kh nng thch ng vi cc thay i khi thc hin d n. -Vic lm v tht nghip

CHNG 3 NH GI TC NG Giai on xy dng d n Qu trnh thi cng xy dng c s h tng k thut ca d n Nh my sn xut, ch bin dm g d kin din ra trong thi gian 05 thng. Cc hot ng v ngun gy tc ng mi trng trong qu trnh ny c trnh by trong bng Bng 3.1: Cc hot ng, ngun gy tc ng trong qu trnh xy dng Stt Cc hot ng Tp kt, d tr, bo qun 1 nhin nguyn vt liu phc v cng trnh Xy dng nh xng, lp 2 t my mc, ng giao x l nc, 3 Sinh hot ca cng nhn ti cng trng Ngun gy tc ng - Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu xy dng, xi mng, st thp, ct, ,pht sinh bi v kh thi - Pht sinh ting n t hot ng xp d nguyn liu - Qu trnh thi cng c gia nhit: ct, hn, t nng chy gy nhim khng kh, nc. xy dng. Sinh hot ca khong 40 cng nhn vin trn cng trng gy pht sinh CTR sinh hot, nc thi sinh hot.

thng, h thng cp thot v - nhim khng kh t vic s dng cc vt liu

3.1.1. Tc ng n mi trng khng kh Cc tc ng n mi trng khng kh do qu trnh thi cng xy dng bao gm: Bi sinh do qu trnh vn chuyn v bc d nguyn vt liu (, ct, xi mng, st thp,..); Bi v cc cht kh SO2, NO2, CO, THC do khi thi ca xe c gii vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng; Ting n pht sinh t qu trnh vn hnh cc thit b xy dng (xe lu, my trn b tng, cc phng tin xe c gii...).

 nhim bi, kh thi t vt liu xy dng tp kt ti cng trng v cc phng tin vn chuyn: Qu trnh bc d v tp kt nguyn vt liu ti cng trng xy dng s gy pht tn bi ra mi trng xung quanh. Bi ch yu pht tn ra t cc ngun vt liu nh ct, , xi mng v mt phn t st thp. Theo tnh ton s b ca chng ti th tng khi lng nguyn vt liu cn s dng cho cng trnh l 5000 tn (xi mng, ct, , st thp, vn khun,). Nh vy, nu quy c h s pht thi ti a ca bi pht sinh t nguyn vt liu xy dng trong qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d v tp kt tng ng vi h s pht thi ca vt liu san lp (0,075kg/tn) [theo WHO, 3] th tng lng bi pht sinh t qu trnh ny l 375 kg bi (trong 05 thng thi cng). Nh vy, lng bi trung bnh pht sinh t vt liu trong giai on xy dng l 2.5kg/ngy. nhim ting n do hot ng ca cc phng tin vn ti v thi cng. Ngoi vic pht sinh bi v kh thi, cc phng tin vn ti v thi cng cn pht sinh ting n. Ting n, rung pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng h tng c s, h tng k thut ch yu l ting n t cc phng tin vn chuyn, my trn b tng, tham gia trong qu trnh xy dng. Bng 3.2: Mc n ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v thit b thi cng Mc n (dBA), Stt cch ngun n 15 m Ti liu (1) Ti liu (2) 1 My i 93,0 2 My m nn (xe lu) 72,0 - 74,0 3 Xe ti 82,0 - 94,0 4 My trn b tng 75,0 75,0 - 88,0 Ngun: Ti liu (1) - Nguyn nh Tun v cc cng s; Ti liu (2) - Mackernize, L.da, nm 1985. 3.1.2. Tc ng nhim ngun nc: Thit b

Nc ma chy trn v nc phc v thi cng xy dng, lau ra my mc thit b v nh v sinh ca cng nhn ko theo nhiu tp cht c th gy nhim ngun nc mt ti khu vc. c bit khi c ma trong thi gian thi cng, nc ma chy trn ko theo cc tp cht, cn b trn ton b mt bng tri vo cng rnh, mng mng ra mng thi chung lm nhim ngun nc mt xung quanh khu vc d n. Tc ng nhim t nc thi thi cng xy dng. S lng cng nhn tham gia cng trnh xy dng trung bnh khong: 80 ngi/ngy. Nc c s dng cho cc mc ch sau: Trong : q : tiu chun ly nc bng 60 l/ngi/ngy n : S cng nhn vin trong nh my khong 80 ngi
80ng 60lt / ng = 4,8(m 3 / ngy ) 1.000

Nc cp sinh hot cho cng nhn xy dng trong nh my Nhu cu cp nc:

qn 1.000

Lu lng nc thi sinh hot l: 48 m3/ngy x 0,8 = 3,84 m3/ngy (tnh bng 80% lng nc cp). T ti lng, s lao ng v lu lng nc thi, ta tnh c nng cc cht nhim c trong nc thi theo cng thc sau: C=
C 0 .N Q

Trong : C: Nng cht nhim, (mg/l) C0: Ti lng nhim, (g/ng.ng) N: S cng nhn, (ngi) Q: Lu lng nc thi, (m3/ng)

Ta c bng kt qu nng cht nhim. Bng 3.3. Nng cc cht trong nc thi sinh hot Cht nhim BOD5 COD TSS Du m Tng nit Amoniac Tng photpho Ti lng (g/ngi.ng) 54 102 70 30 12 4,8 4,0 Nng nhim (mg/l) 1125 2125 1458 625 250 100 83 QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT ct B (mg/l) 50 150 100 10 40 10 6

So snh nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot cha qua x l vi Quy chun nc thi (QCVN 40: 2011, ct B) th tt c cc ch tiu u c hm lng vt tiu chun cho php. Do vy ch d n s phi c bin php gim thiu. Tc ng nhim do nc ma chy trn Lng nc ma chy trn trn b mt d n nu khng c tiu thot hp l c th gy ng, cn tr qu trnh thi cng Ngoi ra, nc ma cn cun theo t ct, v cc thnh phn nhim khc t mt t vo ngun nc mt gy nh hng trc tip n ti nguyn sinh vt thy sinh. Lu lng nc ma chy trn qua khu vc d n c tnh ton nh sau: Q = 0,278 x K x I x F Trong : K: l h s dng chy (K = 0,6) I: l cng ma (mm/h) F: Din tch lu vc (m2) Vi trn ma I = 100mm/h = 100.10-3 m/h, trn din tch d n l 28000 m2, th Q = 0,278 x 0,6 x 100.10-3 x 28000 = 467.04 m3/h.

Vic xc nh c lu lng nc ma ti a ri trn b mt khu t d n cng l c s quan trng thit k mng li thot nc ma ca d n. Tuy nhin cng cn thy rng, qu trnh thi cng tp trung ch yu vo ma thu nn lng nc ma chy trn l tng i ln. Trong trng hp c ma s cun theo t v mt phn vt liu xy dng ri vi trong qu trnh thi cng vo h thng thot nc ca khu vc. Do ch d n cng c cc phng n gim thiu tc ng nhim ca nc ma chy trn trong qu trnh xy dng 3.1.3. Tc ng nhim do cht thi rn Qu trnh thi cng, cng trnh cn pht sinh cc loi cht thi rn gy nhim, cc loi cht thi rn pht sinh ch yu bao gm: Cht thi rn sinh hot: pht sinh do qu trnh sinh hot ca cng nhn ti cng trng, thnh phn ch yu ca CTR sinh hot l ti nilng, giy vn, bao gi thc n tha,). Theo c tnh, mi cng nhn lm vic ti khu vc d n thi ra khong 0,8 ~ 1,0 kg rc thi sinh hot mi ngy. Cht thi sinh hot ny nhn chung l nhng loi cha nhiu cht hu c, d phn hu (tr bao b, nylon) Ngoi ra, sau qu trnh xy dng c th cn pht sinh mt s dng cht thi rn nh gch vn, st thp vn, bao xi mng, cc g lm dn gio,Tuy nhin, y l loi cht thi rn c gi tr s dng nn ch d n s cho tn thu s dng li hoc bn cho cc n v c nhu cu v vy cc loi cht thi rn ny t c kh nng pht thi ra mi trng ngoi. Hot ng bo dng phng tin nu thc hin ngay ti cng trng cng c th gy pht sinh cn du nht, v chai ng du nht v gi lau nhim du nht, y l cc dng cht thi nguy hi cn phi c thu gom bo qun v x l ng quy nh. 3.1.4. Cc ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi Cc ngun gy tc ng mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng c trnh by bng 3.5. Bng 3.5: Cc ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi trong qu trnh xy dng Nh my sn xut, ch bin g.

STT Ngun gy tc ng 1 Ngun nc ma gy ra tri t ct. 2 St ln nn, ng,do gia c khng cn thn , xe ch qu trng ti S tp trung lng ln cng nhn gy ra xo trn i sng x hi ti a 3 phng, ... 3.2. Cc ngun gy tc ng trong qu trnh hot ng Cc hot ng v ngun gy tc ng mi trng trong giai on hot ng ca d n Nh my sn xut, ch bin g c trnh by trong bng 3.6. Bng 3.6: Cc hot ng v ngun gy tc ng mi trng trong giai on hot ng ca d n. Stt 1. 2. Cc hot ng Phng tin vn ti nguyn liu cho nh my Sinh hot v v sinh hng ngy ca cng nhn vin nh my. Ngun gy tc ng Ting n v khi thi cha thnh phn nhim nh SOx, NOx, CO, CO2, THC, Bi,pht sinh t khi thi ca phng tin c gii. - Cc thnh phn nhim ch yu nh vi sinh, du m, Nitrat, cht hu c,... trong nc thi sinh hot. - Cht thi rn sinh hot, cht thi t nh v sinh ca cng nhn, - Mi hi thi sinh ra t qu trnh phn hy nc thi ti cc h ga, hm t hoi, khu cha cht thi 3. - Hot ng ch bin g ca nh my 4 5 Hot ng ca my pht in d phng Cng on sn rn sinh hot, - Bi, bi dm g pht sinh t qu trnh bm, sng tuyn, khu vc cha sn phm. - Ting n t hot ng bm, sng tuyn Kh thi cha cc cht nhim khng kh nh: SOx, NOx , khi bi, co... Bi sn, hi dung mi

3.2.1.

Tc ng gy nhim khng kh

Ngun gy tc ng nhim khng kh ca Nh my sn xut, ch bin g gm cc ngun sau : - Bi, kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng vn chuyn nguyn liu - Bi pht sinh t qu trnh bm, sng tuyn v khu vc bi cha sn phm. - Ting n pht sinh t cc phng tin giao thng vn ti v t my bm g, cc my mc thit b v my pht in d tr. nh gi mc nhim khng kh i vi biv kh thi t phng tin giao thng Hu ht cc tuyn ng trong phm vi d n c b tng ha hoc tri nha, do bi bc ln t hot ng vn chuyn ca cc phng tin c gii c xem l khng ng k. Kh thi t hot ng giao thng: s lng xe ch nguyn liu trong mt ngy khong 200 xe/ngy (trung bnh 1 xe ch 10 tn, c i ln v) v on ng trung bnh mi phng tin chy 50 km/ngy (t ni khai thc n nh my) th lng nhin liu cn cung cp cho hot ng giao thng trong 1 ngy c trnh by trong bng 3.7. Bng 3.7. Lng nhin liu cn cung cp cho hot ng giao thng trong 1 ngy ng c Xe hi ng c >2.000cc 200 S lt xe on ng chy (km) 50 Mc tiu th (lt/km) 0,15 Tng lng xng (lt) 1500

H s cc cht nhim trong kh thi giao thng: Tham kho ti liu nh gi nhanh ca T chc Y t Th gii v h s nhim do kh thi giao thng c trnh by trong bng 3.8. Bng 3.8. H s nhim do kh thi giao thng ca T chc Y t Th gii H s nhim (kg/tn nhin liu) Bi SO2 NO2 CO VOC Xe hi ng c > 2.000cc 0,76 20S 27,11 169,7 24,09 Ngun: Assessment of Sources of Air, Water and Land pollution, WHO 1993 ng c

Da vo h s nhim v mc tiu th nhin liu ca cc phng tin Ch D n c kt qu d bo ti lng nhim do phng tin giao thng vn chuyn nguyn liu cho nh my c trnh by trong bng 3.9: Bng 3.9. D bo ti lng nhim khng kh do cc phng tin giao thng ng c Xe hi ng c >2.000cc Bi 0,798 Ti lng nhim (kg/ngy) SO2 NO2 CO VOC 0,525 28,46 178,18 25,294

Thc t, cc phng tin vn chuyn khng tp trung mt ch m hot ng ri ra nhiu ni, cht nhim c pht tn theo lung khng kh ch khng tp trung ti mt ni, trong iu kin c gi pha long v pht tn kh thi th tc ng do kh thi giao thng l khng ng k trn on ng vn chuyn v khu vc d n. i vi bi t qu trnh gia cng trn nguyn liu g : Bi sinh ra trong hu ht cc cng on sn xut nh: ca x g, ch bin g, x vn, mi th v nh bng g bng cc my chi. cc khu ca x g, ch bin g, gia cng g bi c kch thc tng i ln, nhng ti cc khu ch lng, mibi pht sinh c kch thc nh, mn d pht sinh vo khng kh v nh hng n sc kha ca cng nhn. Ngoi ra bi cn pht sinh trong qu trnh tho d vt liu, lng bi tho d c tnh khong 25m3/ngy. y l lng bi kh ln nn khi tho d nu bt cn s gy pht tn bi v vy d n cn pha kim sot cn thn trong cng on ny Bi t cc cng on ch lng, mi, nh bng g thng c kch tht nh c kh nng pht tn cao v nh hng ca bi cng on ny cng nguy him hn. Nng bi t cc cng on ch bin g, gia dng thng rt cao ngay c khi c s c lp t h thng thu bi. i vi ting n v rung ng Ting n pht sinh t cc my mc thit b c cng sut ln nh: my ca, my khoan, my mi... Nhit d

Nhit d pht sinh t khu vc cung cp nhit, khu vc sy g trong khu vc sn xut. 3.2.2. Tc ng n mi trng do nc thi v nc ma. Vi c im hot ng ca Nh my sn xut, ch bin g th nc thi t khu sn xut l khng ng k ( nc thi t khu sn lt, sn ph, hi dung mi ), ch khong 5m3/ngy. Do vy, ngun gy nhim mi trng nc ca d n ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca khong 1800 cng nhn vin nh my v nc ma chy trn. Tc ng nhim ngun nc nhim do nc thi sinh hot v mt phn nc thi sn xut. Nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn ti khu vc d n l nguyn nhn chnh nh hng n cht lng nc khu vc xung quanh. Nc thi sinh hot cha nhiu cht cn b, cht hu c d phn hu, cht dinh dng v cc vi khun gy bnh nn c th gy nhim ngun nc mt v nc ngm nu khng c x l. Da vo h s nhim do T chc Y t th gii thit lp, khi lng cc cht nhim mi ngi thi vo mi trng hng ngy c a ra trong bng 3.3 Bng 3.3: Ti lng cht nhim do mi ngi hng ngy a vo mi trng. Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ti lng (g/ngi/ngy) BOD5 45 54 COD 72 - 102 Cht rn l lng 70 - 145 Du m phi khong 10 30 Tng nit 6 12 Amni 2,4 - 4,8 Tng photpho 0,8 - 4,0 Ngun: T chc Y t Th gii (WHO), nm 1993 Cht nhim

S lng cng nhn vin trong nh my trung bnh khong: 1800 ngi/ngy. Nc cp sinh hot cho cng nhn vin trong nh my Nhu cu cp nc: Trong : q : tiu chun ly nc bng 60 l/ngi/ngy n : S cng nhn vin trong nh my khong 1800 ngi
qn 1.000

1800 ng 60lt / ng = 108( m 3 / ngy ) 1.000

Lu lng nc thi sinh hot l: 108 m3/ngy x 0,8 = 86,4 m3/ngy (tnh bng 80% lng nc cp). Lu lng nc thi sn tnh bng lng nc cp l 5 m3/ngy. Tng lu lng nc thi vo h thng x l tp trung l: 91,4 m3/ngy. Bng 3.4. Nng cc cht trong nc thi sinh hot Cht nhim BOD5 COD TSS Du m Tng nit Amoniac Tng photpho Ti lng (g/ngi.ng) 54 102 70 30 12 4,8 4,0 Nng nhim (mg/l) 1063 2008 1379 591 236 95 79 QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT ct B (mg/l) 50 150 100 10 40 10 6

Nhn xt: Nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot cha qua x l vi Quy chun nc thi (QCVN 40: 2011, ct B) th tt c cc ch tiu u c hm lng vt tiu chun cho php. Do vy ch d n s phi c bin php gim thiu. 3.2.3. Tc ng n mi trng do cht thi rn Ngun pht sinh cht thi rn Nhn chung cht thi rn sinh ra do Nh my sn xut, ch bin g ch yu l cc dng cht thi sinh hot d x l, v rc thi t hot ng bo dng thit b trong phm vi ca nh my. C th a ra mt s ngun pht sinh cht thi rn nh sau: Cht thi rn sinh hot hng ngy ca cng nhn vin (giy, ti nilon, thc n tha, chai nha, bao gi,..).

Cht thi t hot ng sn xut, bo dng thit b (nh gi lau du m) Ti lng pht sinh cht thi rn Cht thi rn sinh hot: Ti lng cht thi rn sinh hot c tnh trung bnh khong 0,8 ~ 1,0 kg/ngi/ngy. Vi quy m ngi lao ng 1800 ngi th tng khi lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh ti a trong ngy t khong 1440 ~ 1800 kg/ngy (ch yu l thc phm tha, bao nilong ).

Cht thi rn sn xut: cht thi rn pht sinh ch yu trong qu trnh sn xut ti cng ty l ph phm, g vn, dm bo, mn ca. y l loi cht thi c th dng lm nguyn liu t.

Cht thi rn nguy hi: gi lau du m trong qu trnh bo tr thit b, du cn, sn cn, bao b ng keo. Tuy nhin lng cht thi ny khng ng k.

3.2.4. Cc ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi Cc ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai on hot ng ca d n Nh my sn xut, ch bin g c trnh by trong bng 3.10. Bng 3.10: Cc ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai on hot ng St t 1 2 Ngun gy tc ng Nc ma c th gy ngp ng cc b ti khu vc nu ch d n khng c phng n tn nn v c phng n thot nc hiu qu. S tng mt v thnh phn ngi lao ng c th gy cc vn tiu cc mt trt t khu vc nu Ch d n khng c hng qun l hiu qu. i tng, quy m b tc ng trong qu trnh xy dng i tng, quy m b tc ng trong giai on xy dng d n Nh my sn xut, ch bin dm g c trnh by trong bng 3.11. Bng 3.11: i tng, quy m b tc ng trong giai on xy dng Stt 1 i tng b tc ng Cng nhn v c dn Quy m b tc ng Tt c cng nhn trc tip tham gia xy dng ti cng

2 3

a phng ng giao thng Bu kh quyn khu vc d n

trng v cc cng trnh ln cn. Tuyn ng giao thng vn chuyn. Lm nhim bu khng kh xung quanh. - Mi trng nc ngm ti khu vc b tc ng do tip nhn cc ngun thi (CTR, nc thi, nc ma,..). - Mc tc ng n nc mt l khng ng k (do Ch d n c phng n x l nc thi sinh hot v cc cht thi pht sinh trc khi thi ra ngun tip nhn).

Mi trng nc mt v nc ngm

i tng, quy m b tc ng trong qu trnh hot ng i tng, quy m b tc ng trong giai on hot ng ca d n Nh my sn xut, ch bin dm g c trnh by trong bng 3.12 . Bng 3.12: i tng, quy m b tc ng trong qu trnh hot ng ca d n Stt i tng b tc ng 1 ng giao thng Tng mt phng tin cc ng giao thng v ng giao thng lin vng. - Mc tc ng khng ng k (do nc thi sinh hot c x l bng b t hoi ba ngn t tiu chun trc khi thm ra ngoi),... - i vi nc ma chy trn (c thu gom theo h thng thot nc trong ton b khu vc) - B nh hng bi ting n t hot ng vn chuyn 3 Ngi dn trong vng v hot ng sn xut ca my mc. - Tc ng tch cc (to cng vic lm, thc y cc Quy m b tc ng

Mi trng nc mt v nc ngm

3.3.

dch v thng mi trong khu vc pht trin). D bo nhng ri ro v mi trng do d n gy ra

3.3.1. Nhng ri ro trong giai on thi cng xy dng

 S c tai nn lao ng, tai nn giao thng Nhn chung, s c tai nn lao ng, tai nn giao thng c th xy ra bt ng trong nhiu tnh hung ca giai on thi cng xy dng d n. C th c tm tt mt s dng tai nn nh sau: Tai nn giao thng c th xy ra khi cng nhn bng qua ng giao thng n cng trng, ri cng trng, dng tai nn ny cng c th xy ra ngay trn cng trng do cc phng tin thi cng v vn chuyn nguyn vt liu gy ra i vi cng nhn. Cng vic lp rp, thi cng v qu trnh vn chuyn nguyn vt liu vi mt xe, ting n, rung cao c th gy ra cc tai nn lao ng,... Do tnh bt cn trong lao ng, thiu trang b bo h lao ng, hoc do thiu thc tun th nghim chnh v ni quy an ton lao ng ca cng nhn thi cng cng c th gy tai nn ng tic. Cng vic lao ng nng nhc, thi gian lm vic lin tc v lu di c th nh hng ng k n kho ca cng nhn, gy tnh trng mt mi, chong vng hay ngt xu cho cng nhn ti cng trng. Nh vy nu cc ri ro v tai nn lao ng v tai nn giao thng xy ra s gy nh hng rt ln n sc khe cng nh tnh mng ca cng nhn, gy tn tht ln v tinh thn cho cc gia nh c ngi gp nn. V vy vn m bo an ton cho cng nhn tham gia xy dng cn c Ch d n c bit quan tm. S c chy n S c chy n c th xy ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn v cha nhin liu hoc do s thiu an ton v h thng cp in tm thi, gy nn cc thit hi v ngi v ca trong qu trnh thi cng. C th xc nh cc nguyn nhn c th nh sau: Cc kho cha nguyn nhin liu tm thi phc v cho my mc, thit b k thut trong qu trnh thi cng (sn, xng, du DO, ...) l cc ngun gy chy n. Khi s c xy ra c th gy ra thit hi nghim trng v ngi, vt cht v mi trng; H thng cp in tm thi cho cc my mc, thit b thi cng c th gy ra s c git, chp, chy n gy thit hi v kinh t hay tai nn lao ng cho cng nhn

Vic s dng cc thit b gia nhit trong thi cng (hn x, un, ...) c th gy ra chy, phng hay tai nn lao ng nu nh khng c cc bin php phng nga.

Nhn chung, s c chy n thng t khi xy ra trong qu trnh thi cng. Tuy nhin nu s c ny xy ra s nh hng rt ln n con ngi, ti sn v mi trng khu vc. 3.3.2. Nhng ri ro trong giai on hot ng S c tai nn lao ng, tai nn giao thng Nguyn nhn dn n tai nn lao ng l do cng nhn khng tun th cc nguyn tc an ton nh: Trang phc khng gn gng, gy vng vu vo dy chuyn sn xut, my mc; Bt cn khi vn hnh my mc, ngun in; Khng c trang b bo h lao ng; Bc xp v vn chuyn hng ha; thc chp hnh ni quy khng tt.

Vi mt phng tin khong 110 chuyn/ngy (c i v v) vn chuyn nguyn liu cho nh my nu khng chp hnh ng lut giao thng rt d xy ra tai nn giao thng. S c chy n: Trong qu trnh sn xut c th xy ra chy n do cc nguyn nhn: Tch tr cc nguyn, nhin vt liu d bt la ti ni c ngun nhit pht sinh, gn la, in; Ht thuc v vt tn thuc ba bi; Khng tun th nghim ngt cc quy nh v cm la, phng chy cha chy; Cc s c v thit b in, s c mi trng (st nh)

CHNG 4 BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU 4.1. Trong giai on thi cng xy dng nh my Che chn khu vc san i hn ch bi v ting n lan ta xung quanh. Ti nc trong cc ngy nng cc khu vc ng ni b; Yu cu cc loi xe chuyn ch nguyn vt liu (t, ct, si, xi mng) v x bn phi c bt che ph hp l trnh pht tn bi; B tr hp l tuyn ng vn chuyn v i li. Kim tra cc phng tin thi cng nhm m bo cc thit b, my mc lun trong iu kin tt nht v mt k thut; C kho cha vt liu xy dng (xi mng, st thp) bo qun v hn ch pht tn bi. C gii php qun l, t chc thi cng hp l nhm s dng hiu qu nhin liu, gim thiu lng kh thi pht sinh. Cc phng tin vn chuyn khng ch qu trng ti quy nh; 4.1.1. Gim thiu nhim mi trng khng kh

Khng s dng cc thit b qu hn, khng c php lu hnh, s dng. Thng xuyn kim tra, bo dng ng c ca cc phng tin, s dng nhin liu xng du c hm lng lu hunh thp, s dng nhin liu ng vi thit k ca ng c gim thiu nhim;

Cc phng tin vn chuyn hn ch n my trong thi gian dng ch bc d nguyn vt liu. Sp xp thi gian lm vic hp l trnh trng hp cc my mc cng hot ng cng lc; Quy nh tc xe, my mc khi hot ng trong khu vc ang thi cng. gim thiu cc tc ng t nc thi sinh hot v nc ma chy trn, Ch d n thc hin cc bin php sau:

4.1.2. Gim thiu nhim mi trng nc

Xy dng nh v sinh t hoi thu gom v x l nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn lm vic trn cng trng. Xy dng h thng thu gom nc ma chy trn xung quanh khu vc d n. i vi cht thi rn sinh hot: ch d n s ph bin cho cng nhn trn cng trng b rc ng ni quy nh, thu gom v k hp ng vi cng ty mi trng x l nh k.

4.1.3. Gim thiu tc ng do cht thi rn

i vi cht thi rn xy dng: s c tn dng tn nn, hoc bn ph liu. i vi cht thi nguy hi gi lau du m, bao b ng keo s c thu gom ring x l ng quy nh. Bin php m bo an ton lao ng.

4.1.4.

Xy dng cc ni quy v an ton lao ng khi lp tin thi cng. thi gian thi cng phi hp l t di chuyn, b tr mt bng thi cng khng gy cn tr ln nhau. tun th cc quy nh v an ton lao ng khi lp phng n t chc thi cng, vn hnh my mc thit b. c bit c ni quy an ton cho cn b, nhn vin lm vic ti nhng cng trnh xy dng c s kh khn cao. 4.2. Trong giai on nh my i vo sn xut

4.2.1. Gim thiu nhim khng kh Cc khu vc bm, sng tuyn cn c che chn trnh pht tn bi ra ngoi. Bng chuyn c thit k ph kn. Xy tng ro cao 3m xung quanh ton b khu vc d n hn ch pht tn bi do gi. Ton b sn trong khu vc nh my c tri b tng. Trng cy xanh xung quanh khu vc d n gim thiu mc pht tn bi. Yu cu cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn liu hn ch n my trong thi gian dng ch bc d nguyn vt liu. mng t cc thit b c thit k su, mac b tng cao v cc thit b m chng n. Trang b bo h lao ng cho cng nhn lm vic trong nh my (nh khu trang, nt tai chng n) 4.2.2. Gim thiu nhim do nc i vi d n ny th ngun gy nhim mi trng nc ch yu l ngun nc thi sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn nh my v ngun nc ma chy trn. X l nc thi sinh hot Ton b nc thi sinh hot ca nh my c x l bng h thng hm t hoi. Vic thit k v xy dng hm v sinh c tun th theo quy chun xy dng. Nc thi Nc thi sn Hm v sinh t hoi xy dng ti nh my l dng hm 3 ngn. B t hoi l cng Bi rc trnh ng thi lm hai chc nng gm: lng chn v phn hu cn lng. Cn lng c Song chn rc lp gi li trong b t 6 - 8 thng, di nh hng ca cc vi sinh vt k kh, cc cht Cn Sc kh s n hu c s b phn B iut. hu t ha B lng o Qui trnh cng ngh x l nc thi: B lng 1 Sc kh

AROTANK

B lng 2 Cl o B kh trng

B cha bn

Sn phi bn

Ngun tip nhn

o Thuyt minh qui trnh: Nc thi sinh hot c i qua song chn rc, loi b mt s rc thi nh nilon, l cy.. trnh tc nghn h thng, sau nc thi c a qua b iu ha, ti y nc thi c iu ha v lu lng v nng . Sau a qua b lng 1 gim bt cht rn l lng ri a qua b Aerotank x l cc hp cht hu c, ri tip tc qua b lng 2, sau qua b kh trng ri a ra h thng cng chung. Nc thi sn xut s c lng b lng ring loi b cn sn, ri a vo b iu ha x l nh nc thi sinh hot, cn lng l cht thi rn nguy hi, s c em i x l nh k

Mng li thu gom v thot nc ma Xy dng h thng cng thot nc xung quanh nh my thu nc chy trn trit , trnh ngp ng cc b. Lp cc li chn rc, nc ma sau khi thu gom s chy v h ga lng cn trc khi ha nhp vo h thng thot nc ma chung. 4.2.3. Gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn Cht thi rn sinh hot:

Vi s lng nhn vin ton nh my khong 1800 ngi lm vic, trung bnh mi ngi thi ra khong 0,8 ~ 1 kg/ngy, s lng rc sinh hot mi ngy khong 14401800kg. Nh my s s dng thng Compost th tch 240 v 660 lit t ti cc ni qui nh v yu cu tt c cc nhn vin trong nh my phi thc hin b rc vo thng ng ni quy nh. Lng rc ny s c cng ty k hp ng vi n v c chc nng x l. Cht thi rn nguy hi: l gi lau du m s c thu gom ring x l ng quy nh. 4.2.4. An ton lao ng trong sn xut Tt c cng nhn lm vic trong nh my phi c hun luyn v quy tc sn xut v nguyn tc an ton lao ng; Ban hnh ni quy an ton lao ng, trang b cc thit b bo h lao ng; Cc trang thit b in u c h thng cu dao t ngt khi c chp in xy ra; Trang b bnh cu ha; Cc khu vc nguy him u c bin bo hiu; Trang b cc dng c y khoa s cu khi c xy ra tai nn. Gio dc thc an ton lao ng v v sinh mi trng cho ton th cn b cng nhn vin trong nh my. 4.2.5. Bin php chy n: Khi nh my i vo hot ng s c kh nng xy ra chy n do chp in hoc do st nh. Vi c th sn xut s dng nguyn liu l g nn kh nng chy n rt ln. phng trnh cc s c ny, nh my s p dng cc bin php: Thc hin nghim tc vic thm nh h s thit k - trang thit b phng chy cha chy cng nh cc hng dn ca c quan Cnh st phng chy cha chy. B tr cc hng mc cng trnh, khu vc lu tr nhin liu c kh nng gy chy n ti cc v tr ph hp. Trang b cc phng tin ng cu s c khn cp nh bnh cha chy, cu dao ngt in,...m bo cc trang thit b lun trong iu kin sn sng p ng khi cn thit.

Ban hnh v ph bin cc nguyn tc, quy nh v phng chng chy n cho cng nhn. B tr ct thu li chng st ti nh xng sn xut m bo an ton tnh mng cng nhn vin, ti sn v trang thit b khi thi tit ma bo.

CHNG 5 CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG 5.1. Qun l mi trng Cng tc qun l mi trng c tm quan trng trong sut qu trnh hot ng ca d n. B tr 01 cn b k thut chuyn theo di hot ng ca h thng, nhm pht hin nhng tc ng xu nh hng n mi trng kp thi iu chnh, ngn chn, gim nh kh nng nhim do hot ng ca h thng x l nc thi gy ra. Gio dc cho cng nhn vin c thc bo v mi trng sinh thi, xem mi trng l ti sn cn c gi gn v bo v. to iu kin cho cng nhn vin nm c ni dung c bn ca lut bo v mi trng t gic thc hin. 5.2. Gim st mi trng. Chng trnh gim st, quan trc mi trng c tin hnh mt cch lin tc trong sut qu trnh hot ng ca d n v xc nh c cc ni dung sau: Gim st cht lng khng kh: Bng 5.1 : Cc ch tiu gim st cht lng khng kh Ch tiu gim st Nng bi Tn sut gim st a im gim st 03 im gim st, gm:

Ch tiu gim st Ting n NH3 SOx NOx CO Tiu chun p dng: -

Tn sut gim st 03 ln/nm l.

a im gim st - 01 im bn trong khu vc x - 02 im bn ngoi dn c

QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: cht lng khng kh - tiu chun cht lng khng kh xung quanh. QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT: cht lng khng kh - tiu chun kh thi cng nghip i v bi v cc cht v c. QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT: quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n Bng 5.2 : Cc ch tiu gim st cht lng nc thi

Gim st cht lng nc thi sau khi x l Ch tiu gim st Cht rn l lng BOD5 COD 03 ln/nm Tn sut gim st a im gim st 02 im gim st, gm: - 01 im nc thi u vo h thng x l - 01 im nc thi sau khi qua h thng x l thi vo mi trng. Tiu chun p dng: QCVN 40 - 2011: nc thi cng nghip - gi tr gii hn cho php ca cc thng s v nng cc cht nhim.

CHNG 6 THAM VN KIN CNG NG Ch u t v C quan t vn bo co tm tt cc ni dung D n v cc tc ng mi trng, cc gii php gim thiu nhim mi trng vi UBND x, UBMT t quc x Thnh Ph. UBND x v UBMT T Quc x ng gp bng vn bn . Ni dung c trnh by tm tt nh sau: 1. KIN CA Y BAN NHN DN X THNH PH (1). ng vi hiu qu kinh t m D n mang li, gp phn thc hin cng cuc cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc, to vic lm, gp phn pht trin kinh t cng nghip a phng. Tuy nhin, Ch D n phi tun th y cc qui nh ca Php lut v bo v mi trng, hn ch cc tc ng tiu cc trong qu trnh thc hin D n. (2). Ch u t phi tin hnh lp Bo co TM c quan c thm quyn thm nh v ph chun. (3). Qun l v x l cc ngun nc thi t qu trnh sn xut, m bo khng gy nhim mi trng. Qun l v x l cc loi cht thi rn pht sinh trong qu trnh

tinh luyn, m bo khng nh hng n mi trng v i sng sinh hot ca nhn dn. (4). m bo cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam v mi trng khng kh, ting n, khng nh hng sc kho ca nhn dn a phng. (5). Trang b y phng tin bo h cho ngi lao ng. (6). Ch u t phi cam kt thc hin chng trnh quan trc gim st cht lng mi trng nh k v bo co vi S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh ng Nai, Phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng huyn Vnh Cu. (7). Ch u t phi chu hon ton trch nhim trc Php lut nc Vit Nam nu xy ra cc s c mi trng. 2. KIN CA Y BAN MT TRN T QUC X THNH PH (1). ng vi hiu qu kinh t m D n mang li, gp phn thc hin cng cuc cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc, to vic lm, gp phn pht trin kinh t cng nghip a phng. Tuy nhin, Ch D n phi tun th y cc qui nh ca Php lut v bo v mi trng, hn ch cc tc ng tiu cc trong qu trnh thc hin D n. (2). Ch u t phi tin hnh lp Bo co TM c quan c thm quyn thm nh v ph chun. (3). Qun l v x l cc ngun nc thi t qu trnh sn xut, m bo khng gy nhim mi trng. Qun l v x l cc loi cht thi rn pht sinh trong qu trnh tinh luyn, m bo khng nh hng n mi trng v i sng sinh hot ca nhn dn. (4). m bo cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam v mi trng khng kh, ting n, khng nh hng sc kho ca nhn dn a phng. (5). Trang b y phng tin bo h cho ngi lao ng. (6). Ch u t phi cam kt thc hin chng trnh quan trc gim st cht lng mi trng nh k v bo co vi S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh ng Nai, Phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng huyn Vnh Cu.

(7). Ch u t phi chu hon ton trch nhim trc Php lut nc Vit Nam nu xy ra cc s c mi trng.

KT LUN V KIN NGH 1. KT LUN Trong qu trnh kho st, nghin cu v lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca D n xy dng Nh my sn xut vn p, vn dm, hng mc xut khu, Trm quan trc mi trng - S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh ng Nai phi hp vi nhiu chuyn gia v lnh vc mi trng nh gi mi trng vi tin cy cao. Qua kt qu iu tra, phn tch nh gi cng nh cc gii php khc phc nh hng mi trng c xut trong bo co ny, chng ti c mt s kt lun nh sau: S thnh lp v i vo hot ng ca nh my ph hp vi ch trng, chnh sch khuyn khch u t pht trin ca Nh nc. Hot ng sn xut ca Nh my sn xut vn dm, vn p, hng mc xut khu vi tng cng sut 23.000 m3/ nm ca Cng ty C phn Tng hp g Tn Mai c nhng nh hng ln n cht lng mi trng khu vc. Tuy nhin cc tc ng ny c th kim sot c; Ch u t cam kt thc hin cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng m bo cht lng mi trng. Trong qu trnh hot ng nh my c th sinh ra cc ngun gy nhim mi trng, trang b cc thit b nhm hn ch n mc thp nht nhng vn v mi trng. Gim st thng xuyn cc thit b x l nhim.Trnh bo kp thi cho cc c quan chc nng khi c cc yu t nh hng n mi trng. 2. KIN NGH Sau khi i vo hot ng, ngh cc c quan chc nng xem xt tnh tch cc ca d n, to mi iu kin thun li nh my hot ng, cng nh to iu kin thun li nh my thc hin cc bin php bo v mi trng. Nh my cn nghim chnh thc hin cc bin php bo v mi trng.