ng Vn Nam T9 - K53

Bo co thc tp

BO CO THC TP K THUT
LP RP MCH MY THU THANH

I.

II.

Mc ch th nghim:
- Cc bi th nghim gip cho sinh vin c dp kim chng li
l thuyt hc, t hiu su hn v l thuyt.
- Thng qua cc bi thc hnh, sinh vin s c dp lm quen
vi cc dng c th nghim, cc thit b, cc cng c lm
vic phc v cho cng vic sau ny.
S nguyn l ca mch thu sng
R3
1k

Lc
T1
C828

C1

L1

L2

R2
2.2k

R8
10k

R1
1M

Anten

+12V

C5
100uF

R6
1M

C4
R4
774
10uF 2.2k
+
+

R10
47
C6
R7
2 . 2 k +1 0 u F

C7
1000uF
+
R11
47

D
C2
10nF

T2
D468

C3
10nF

R5
10k

T3
B562
R9
10k
-12V

Mt mch thu song radio bao gm cc khi chc nng sau:

mch
vo

K cao
tn

K m tn

K cng
sut

ng Vn Nam T9 - K53

Bo co thc tp

1)Mch vo:
Anten

L1

C1

Nhim v thu tn hiu v cng hng vi tn s cn thu. Mch vo

l mch cng hng LC trong cun cm L=const, T C c th thay i
c in dung iu chnh tn s dao ng ring ca mch in theo
cng thc:
f =

1
2 LC

Gi tr ca t in xoay CV nm trong khong t 10 n 300 pF,

m tnh ca t xoay c ni t.
Cun dy L1 c qun 65 vng trn thanh Ferit c chiu di t 18
n 20 cm, v ng knh khong 10mm, thanh Ferit c nh du u,
ui bng sn mu. Dy qun L1 l dy qun dng b, mi b c khong
10 si ng knh 0.07mm.
Cun dy L2 tng t nh cun dy L1 nhng c qun vi s
vng l 7.
2) Mch khuch i cao tn v tch sng :
Ucc

+V

R3

R2

R1

C5

Lc
T1

C4
+

L2
D
C2

C3

ng Vn Nam T9 - K53

Bo co thc tp

Nhim v ca khi khuych i cao tn l khuych i tn hiu ca

mch cng hng nng cao bin ca tn hiu v gim nhiu
cng nghip t a tn hiu sang tng tch sng.
Khi ny bao gm cc linh kin :
- Transistor NPN C828 c nhim v khuych i tn hiu
cng hng (y l tn hiu cao tn ).
- R1, R2, R3: cc in tr nh thin cho T1.
-

C5, R3: (lc thng thp) lc nhiu t ngun tc dng vo

T1

- Dit D1 l mt diot tch song c nhim v tch tn hiu

m thanh ra khi sng mang.
-

Lc = 600 vng, li khng kh, = 0.1mm, RLC = 50:

cun dy chn tn hiu cao tn
Hai t C2 v c3 c nhim v thot cao tn v c gi tr
10nF.

R2 = 2.2k ti xoay chiu

3) Khi khuych i m tn:
-

R6
R4

+Ucc

R5

-Ucc

Khi khuych i m tn c th dung n bn dn thit k mch

khuych i m tn, nhng trong mch thu ny ta s dng IC thut ton
714 c 8 chn, v c nui bng ngun 12V.
Khi ny bao gm :
- IC khuych i thut ton 714.
- in tr vo R4 = 10k, in tr hi tip R6=1M. C th
thay R6 bng mt bin tr thay i h s khuych
i m tn t lm cho m thanh pht ra loa to hay
3

ng Vn Nam T9 - K53

Bo co thc tp

nh. H s khuych i m tn c tnh theo cng

Ku =

thc:

R6
R4

in tr R5 = 10k c nhim v lm cn bng u vo.

R7=2.2k hn ch tn hiu .
4) Khi khuych i cng sut:
-

+Ucc

R8
T2
R10
R7

C7
+

C6

Loa

R11
T3
R9
-Ucc

Trong khi ny s dng 2 n bn dn lp ch y ko, T2 l

transistor C828, T3 l transistor A564. Nguyn tc chn T2 v T3 l 2
tran ngc nhau v c cng h s .
Ghp tn hiu ra loa bng t ha C7=1000F . Tr s ny cng cn
ph thuc vo cng sut my.
Cc in tr R8, R9 to Ub cho T2, T3. Gi tr ca R8=R9.
in tr R10, R11 c gi tr bng nhau c nhim v phn p v o
pha tn hiu. Gi tr ca R10, R11 l 47. R10 v R11 c th thay bng
diode.
Cc t C4 v C6 c nhim v ni tng v c gi tr nm trong khong
3.3F n 4.7F.

* Thit k v kim tra linh kin :

Tnh c gi tr cu R1,R2=R7,R3,R8,R9 bit ngun +9,-9V c im
0;
T C2 v C3 :103 (10nF)

ng Vn Nam T9 - K53

Bo co thc tp

n T1,T2 :Loi C828 (n ngc, vt liu silic),c Ube max=0.7, +100

Cho bit dng ngc : IcT1=I(T2)=Ic(T3)=2.5 3 mA
Dng tnh ton mch I tnh >=7.5 A (Khng cm IC).
V mch tng ng
Vi D1,D2,D3 khi thng c Udt=0.5 V
Xt n T1,D1.V it khi thng Udt =0.5 V
Ta c : Uce 1=Ud1 + Ube =0.5 V + 0.7 V=1.2 V
Ur23 + Uce1=9V => Ur23=9-Uce1
R23 = UR23/Ic=9-1.2/3=2.6 k
Thng chn R2 vi K ,R3 vi
Chn R3 =600 =>Ur3 =Ic.Rc=3.600=1.8(V)
R2=U(R2)/Ic =6/3=2(k )
U(R2)=6V
=>R2=R7=2 k
U(R1)=9-Ube1-U(R3)=9-0.7-1.8=6.5V
R1=U(R1)/Ib= U(R1)/Ic=100.6.5/3=216.6k
thc t ta chn R1= 1M Ubt1 gn bng 0 (khi cha c tn hiu vo)
Xt vng kn :V Rce<<R8 => dng trong vng l dng qua Rce2 l dng
Ic
Ur8=Ucb=9-Ube=9V-0.5= 8.5V
IcR8=8.5 V => tng t : R9 =2.83 k
V Ic = (2.53) mA => R8 = R9 = (2.833.4)k
R8=8.5/3=2.83 k
thc t an ton ta chn R8=R9=5.6 k
* Tc dng ca cc linh kin trong mch
5

ng Vn Nam T9 - K53

Bo co thc tp

L1,C:mch cng hng

L2:dn tn hiu cao tn vo n T1 (7 vng)
R1:C tc dng nh thin cho T1 g
R2:ti xoay chi,mt chiu ca T1
R4,R6:khuych i tn hiu
R5:cn bng u vo
R7:hn ch
R8,R9:phn p cho n T2,T3
C4,C6 :ni tn
C7 :ni ra loa
*Lp rp mch
1. Kim tra linh kin: m bo linh kin hot ng tt bng cch
kim tra linh kin bng ng h vn nng
2. Lp mch theo s lp rp
Yu cu
Lp ng,mi hn trn p
Dy ng trng thic hn mt di panel
3.Kim tra thng mch
Dng ng h Vn kim tra theo s nguyn l
*Ni mch vi ngun,kim tra v thu tn hiu

1.Cc yu cu ca mch thu Ic

-Mc loa 2 dy C7 vi 0V
-Mc ngun 0V,-9V
-Dy (-9V)mc ni tip ng h o dng . ng h o dng
que(-)

ng Vn Nam T9 - K53

Bo co thc tp

vo mch,que (+) vo dng ngun,thang o 25mA,do dng I>=7mA

(khng mc IC).Nu ln qu kim tra T2,D2 ,T3,D3.Nu nh qu kim
tra T1:Nu Uce=0 kim tra LC v Diode,nu Ube=0 kim tra L2
-t thang o 10 V
o Uce T2 o c 9V ; (+) C
o Uce T3 o c -9V ; (+) E
t thang o 2.5 V
Ube T2 o c 0.5 V;(+) B
Ube T3 o c -0.5 V;(+) E
o Uce T1 o c 0.75 V (+) C
o Ube T1 o c 0.7 V (+) B
-Vi IC: o in p chn 7 c 9V, o in p chn 4 c -9V
-o dng : thang 25mA

2.Ch tiu mch hot ng

UbeT2 0.5 V
UbeT3 0.5V
UceT1 0.75V
UbeT1 0.5V
Ch khi o :

Nu o Uce(T2) Uce(T3) qu ln th 1 trong 2 chp

Nu o Uce T1=0 kim tra LC t , diode ngc
Nu o Ube =0 kim tra L2 t
*Xc nh v iu chnh ch dng:

ng Vn Nam T9 - K53

Bo co thc tp

kim tra thng mch dng que ng h g vo cc tng loa nu c

ting ng th mch thng
kim tra cht lng ca loa,dng ng h thang o x1 xem
pin c tt khng.Nu loa tt:kim ng h v khng(dy loa khng b
t).
Ly hai u que o kch vo hai u loa,nu c ting loa th loa khng b
chp.
Xoay nh t xoay thay i tn s f.

III.

Thc hin lp mch:

S lp mch trn panel gm 15 l ngang v 10 l dc:

ng Vn Nam T9 - K53
IV.

Bo co thc tp

Cc c tnh o c:
1) c tnh in p :
in p

Ube(V)

Uce (V)

Ubc (V)

T1

0.5

0.8

T2

11.5

-11.5

T3

-11

11.5

2) Kt qu chy mch :
*) u im : Mch thu song thu c hai song radio hai di tn khc
nhau, m thanh tng i r rng,

*) Nhc im : m thanh vn c ting r nh, cha tht trong.

*) Nguyn nhn:
- m thanh r do mch chn song cha tt, mch lc nhiu
cha trit .
- Cc mi hn khng ng u do lm tng nhiu tc ng
ln mch.
*) Rt kinh nghim:
- mi hn trn, trng th mi ln hn phi nhng m hn vo
nha thng mt ln.
- Phi kim tra k linh kin trc khi lp vo mch.
- Khi hn t, Trasistor, hay IC thut ton th yu cu thi gian hn
phi t trnh lm hng thit b do nhit cao.