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CHEMISTRY LABORATORY 1 UDEC 1124 SESSION : MAY 2010 LECTURER : Assoc. Prof. Dr.

NG CHEW HEE EXPERIMENT 6

Acid-Base Titration: Determination Of The Percentages (%) Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) in a Mixture By Using pH Meter.

Name ID NO. Group Member

: YOW CHAN HOU : 1002708 : 1) KHEW POOI LEE 2) CHONG BOON RUI 3) CHAN SIEW LING

Title : Acid-Base Titration: Determination Of The Percentages (%) Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) in a Mixture By Using pH Meter..

Objective : To determine the respective weight percent of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mixture by using pH meter to detect the equivalent points.

Result : Initial reading (cm3) 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 pH 12.18 12.05 11.96 12.09 12.15 12.03 12.00 11.96 11.88 11.95 11.89 11.74 11.83 11.82 11.84 Amount of HCl added (cm3) 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0

16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5 22.0 22.5 23.0 23.5 24.0 24.5 25.0 25.5 26.0 26.5 27.0 27.5

11.73 11.58 11.39 11.18 10.99 10.78 10.61 10.45 10.29 10.14 9.98 9.91 9.62 9.36 8.98 7.90 7.29 7.10 6.89 6.72 6.55 6.39 6.20 6.08

7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0

28.0 28.5 29.0 29.5 30.0 30.5 31.0 31.5 32.0 32.5

5.87 5.18 4.93 3.32 3.02 2.82 2.72 2.64 2.56 2.51

19.5 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5 22.0 22.5 23.0 24.0 24.5

14

12

10

PH Value

pH

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 reading of HCl

Calculation: The first equivalent point where sodium hydroxide is fully reacted when 15cm3 of HCl is used. This reaction converted sodium carbonate into sodium chloride and sodium hydrogen carbonate. The chemical equations involved are shown below, NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O Na2CO3 + HCl NaHCO3 + NaCl the second equivalent point where 20.5cm3 of HCl is used to convert sodium hydrogen carbonate into sodium chloride.

Chemical equation involved is, NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + H2O + CO2


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For the chemical equation shown, Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 The volume of HCl required to complete the reaction is (20.5 15) x 2 cm3 = 11 cm3

2.2x10-2 mol dm-3

The concentration of Na2CO3 is 2.2x10-2 mol dm-3

The molecular weight of Na2CO3 is 106 g/mol The concentration of Na2CO3 in the sample solution in the unit of g/dm3 = (2.2x10-2) mol/dm3 X (106) g/mol

= 2.332 g/dm3

Given that the weight of the sample solution is 5 g / dm3 The weight percentage (wt%) of Na2CO3 in the sample solution

100%

= 46.64%

From the chemical equation, NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O The volume of HCl required to complete the reaction is (15 5.50) cm3 = 9.5 cm3

=
Using:

=
= 3.8 x 10-2 mol dm-3

The concentration of NaOH in the sample solution is 3.8 x 10-2 mol dm-3. Given that the molecular weight of NaOH is 40g/mol. The concentration of NaOH in the sample solution in the unit of g/dm3 = (3.8 x 10-2) mol/dm3 x (40.0) g/mol

= 1.52 g/dm3
Given that the weight of the sample solution is 5 g/dm3. The weight percentage (wt %) of NaOH in the sample solution

X 100%
=

= 30.40%

Questions
1. Calculate the respective concentrations of Na2CO3 and NaOH in the sample solution. Answer : The concentration of Na2CO3 in sample solution is 2.2 x 10-2 mol dm-3 while the concentration of NaOH in sample solution is 3.8 x 10-2 mol dm-3.

2. Hence calculate the weight percentage (wt%) of each alkali in the sample solution. Answer : The weight percentage of Na2CO3 in sample solution is 46.64% while the weight percentage of NaOH in sample solution is 30.40%.

Conclusion
The weight percentage of Na2CO3 is 46.64%. The weight percentage of NaOH is 30.40%. .

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