S GD&T THNH PH H NI THI TUYN SINH VO LP 10

Mn thi : Ton
Nm ho c: 2012 2013
Ngy thi : 21 thng 6 nm 2012
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Bi I (2,5 im)
1) Cho biu thc
4
2
x
A
x
+

+
Tnh gi tr ca biu thc A khi x = 36.
2) Rt gn biu thc
4 16
:
4 4 2
x x
B
x x x
_
+
+


+ +
,
(vi x 0, x 16).
3) Vi cc biu thc A v B ni trn, hy tm cc gi tr nguyn ca x gi tr ca biu thc
B(A 1) l s nguyn.
Bi II (2,0 im) Gii bi ton sau bng cch lp phng trnh hoc h phng trnh:
Hai ngi cng lm chung mt cng vic trong
12
5
gi th xong. Nu mi ngi lm mt mnh
th thi gian ngi th nht hon thnh cng vic t hn ngi th hai l 2 gi. Hi nu lm mt
mnh th mi ngi phi lm trong bao nhiu gi xong cng vic?
Bi III (1,5 im)
1) Gii h phng trnh
2 1
2
6 2
1
x y
x y

'

2) Cho phng trnh :

2 2
(4 1) 3 2 0 x m x m m + (n x). Tm m phng trnh c hai
nghim phn bit x
1
,

x
2
tha mn iu kin
2 2
1 2
7 x x +
Bi IV (3,5 im)
Cho ng trn (O; R) ng knh AB. Bn knh CO vung gc vi AB, M l im bt k trn
cung nh AC (M khc A v C), BM ct AC ti H. Gi K l hnh chiu ca H trn AB.
1) Chng minh t gic CBKH l t gic ni tip.
2) Chng minh

ACM ACK
3) Trn on thng BM ly im E sao cho BE = AM. Chng minh tam gic ECM l tam gic
vung cn ti C.
4) Gi d l tip tuyn ca ng trn (O) ti im A. Cho P l mt im nm trn d sao cho hai
im P, C nm trong cng mt na mt phng b AB v
. AP MB
R
MA

. Chng minh ng
thng PB i qua trung im ca on thng HK.
Bi V (0,5 im) Vi x, y l cc s dng tha mn iu kin x 2y, tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
M =
2 2
x y
xy
+
.
........................................Ht........................................
Lu : Gim th khng gii thch g thm.
H tn th sinh:............................................................ S bo danh:...............................
Ch k gim th 1: Ch k gim th 2:
CHNH THC
C

M

H

O

Q

E

P AN - THANG IM (Tham Khao)
Cu Ni dung
Bi I
(2,5 )
1) Vi x = 36, ta c : A =
36 4 10 5
8 4 36 2
+

+
0,75
2) Vi x

, x 16 ta c :
B =
x( x 4) 4( x 4) x 2
x 16 x 16 x 16
_
+ +
+


+
,
=
(x 16)( x 2) x 2
(x 16)(x 16) x 16
+ + +

+
1,25
3) Biu thc B (A 1) =
x 2 x 4 x 2
x 16 x 2
_
+ +


+
,
=
2
x 16
l s nguyn
x 16 = t 1 hay x 16 = t 2 x = 15 hay x = 17 hay x = 14 hay x = 18
0,25
0,25
Bi II
(2,0)
Gi s gi ngi th nht hon thnh cng vic mt mnh l x (gi) ,k x > 12/5
s gi ngi th hai hon thnh cng vic mt mnh l x + 2 gi
0,5
Trong 1 gi : ngi th nht lm c : 1/x cng vic
Ngi th 2 lm c : 1/ x + 2 cng vic
0,25
Ta c phng trnh :
1 1 5
x x 2 12
+
+
0,5
Gii phng trnh : x = 4 tha mn k ca n 0,5
Vy ngi th nht lm xong cng vic trong 4 gi v
ngi th hai lm xong cng vic trong 6 gi
0,25
Bi III
(1,5 )
1)
2 1
2
x y
6 2
1
x y

'

2 1
2
x y
5
5 [pt(2) 3pt(1)]
y

'

y 1
2
1
x

'

x 2
y 1

'

0,75
2) = (4m 1)
2
12m
2
+ 8m = 4m
2
+ 1 > 0, m
Vy phng trnh c 2 nghim phn bit m
0,25
Ta c : x
1
+ x
2
=
b
a

= 4m 1 v x
1
.x
2
=
c
a
= 3m
2
2m
0,25
Do , theo bi ra ta c (x
1
+ x
2
)
2
2x
1
x
2
= 7
(4m 1)
2
2(3m
2
2m) = 7 10m
2
4m 6 = 0
m = 1 hay m =
3
5

0,25
Bi IV
(3,5 )
1) T gic CBKH c hai gc i

0
90 HCB HKB
khng nh t gic CBKH ni tip trong ng trn ng knh HB.
0,5
0,5
2) Gc

ACM ABM
chn cung

AM
v

ACK HCK HBK
v cng chn cung

HK
.
Vy

ACM ACK
0,25
0,5
0,25
C

M

H

O

Q

E

3) Xt 2 tam gic MAC v EBC c hai cp cnh EB = MA, AC = CB v gc gia

MAC
=

MBC
v cng chn cung

MC
nn 2 tam gic bng nhau.
ta c CM = CE v

0
45 CMB
v chn cung

0
90 CB
.
Vy tam gic MCE vung cn ti C.
0,5
0,5
4) Xt 2 tam gic PAM v OBM
Theo gi thuyt ta c
. AP MB AP OB
R
MA MA MB
. Mt khc ta c

PAM ABM
v
cng chn cung

AM
vy 2 tam gic trn ng dng.
V tam gic OBM cn ti O nn tam gic PAM cng cn ti P.
Vy PA = PM.
Ko di BM ct d ti Q. Xt tam gic vung AMQ c PA = PM
nn PA = PQ vy P l trung im ca AQ nn BP cng i qua trung im ca HK, do
nh l Thales (v HK//AQ).
0,25
0,25
CuV
(0,5)
M =
2 2
x y
xy
+
vi x, y l cc s dng v x 2y
Bin i M =
+ + +
+
+
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
x 3x x
y y
x y 3x
4 4 4
xy xy xy 4y
- T x 2y suy ra
x
2
y

nn

3x 3 3
.2
4y 4 2
(*)

- Theo BT C si ta c

+
+ + >
2
2
2 2 2
2 2 2
x
y
x x x
4
y 2 .y .Hay y xy .Suy ra 1 ( do xy 0) (**)
4 4 4 xy

T (*) v (**) suy ra
3 5
M 1
2 2
+
Vy gi tr nh nht ca M =
5
2
t c khi x = 2y.
A
B
C

M

H

K
O

Q

P E

S GIO DC V O TO K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT
TP.HCM Nm ho c: 2012 2013
CHNH THC MN: TON
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Ba i 1: (2 im)
Gii cc phng trnh v h phng trnh sau:
a)
2
2 3 0 x x
b)
2 3 7
3 2 4

'
+

x y
x y
c)
4 2
12 0 + x x
d)
2
2 2 7 0 x x
Ba i 2: (1,5 im)
a) V th (P) ca hm s
2
1
4
y x
v ng thng (D):
1
2
2
+ y x
trn cng mt h trc to
.
b) Tm to cc giao im ca (P) v (D) cu trn bng php tnh.
Ba i 3: (1,5 im)
Thu gn cc biu thc sau:
1 2 1
1
+
+
x
A
x x x x x
vi x > 0; 1 x
(2 3) 26 15 3 (2 3) 26 15 3 + + B
Ba i 4: (1,5 im)
Cho phng trnh
2
2 2 0 + x mx m (x l n s)
a) Ch ng minh rng phng trnh lun lun c 2 nghim phn bit vi mi m.
b) Gi x
1
, x
2
l cc nghim ca phng trnh.
Tm m biu thc M =
2 2
1 2 1 2
24
6

+ x x x x
t gi tr nh nht
Ba i 5: (3,5 im)
Cho ng trn (O) c tm O v im M nm ngoi ng trn (O). ng thng MO ct (O)
ti E v F (ME<MF). V ct tuyn MAB v tip tuyn MC ca (O) (C l tip im, A nm gia
hai im M v B, A v C nm khc pha i vi ng thng MO).
a) Chng minh rng MA.MB = ME.MF
b) Gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca im C ln ng thng MO. Chng minh t gic
AHOB ni tip.
c) Trn na mt phng b OM c cha im A, v na ng trn ng knh MF; na
ng trn ny ct tip tuyn ti E ca (O) K. Gi S l giao im ca hai ng thng
CO v KF. Chng minh rng ng thng MS vung gc vi ng thng KC.
d) Gi P v Q ln lt l tm ng trn ngoi tip cc tam gic EFS v ABS v T l trung
im ca KS. Chng minh ba im P, Q, T thng hng.
BI GII
Ba i 1: (2 im)
Gii cc phng trnh v h phng trnh sau:
a)
2
2 3 0 x x (a)
V phng trnh (a) c a - b + c = 0 nn
(a)
3
1
2
x hay x
b)
2 3 7 (1)
3 2 4 (2)

'
+

x y
x y

2 3 7 (1)
5 3 (3) ((2) (1) )

'
+

x y
x y

13 13 ((1) 2(3))
5 3 (3) ((2) (1) )

'
+

y
x y

1
2

'

y
x

c)
4 2
12 0 + x x (C)
t u = x
2
0, phng trnh thnh : u
2
+ u 12 = 0 (*)
(*) c = 49 nn (*)
1 7
3
2
+
u
hay
1 7
4
2

u
(loi)
Do , (C) x
2
= 3 x = t 3
Cch khc : (C) (x
2
3)(x
2
+ 4) = 0 x
2
= 3 x = t 3
d)
2
2 2 7 0 x x (d)
= 2 + 7 = 9 do (d) x = 2 3 t
Ba i 2:
a) th:
Lu : (P) i qua O(0;0), ( ) ( ) 2;1 , 4; 4 t t

(D) i qua ( ) ( ) 4; 4 , 2;1
b) PT honh giao im ca (P) v (D) l
2
1 1
2
4 2
+ x x
x
2
+ 2x 8 = 0
4 2 x hay x

y(-4) = 4, y(2) = 1
Vy to giao im ca (P) v (D) l ( ) ( ) 4; 4 , 2;1
.
Ba i 3:Thu gn cc biu thc sau:
1 2 1
1
+
+
x
A
x x x x x

2
2
1

+

x x x x x
x x x
2 2
( 1) 1

+

x x
x x x
2 1
1
1
1
+
1

]
x
x x

2 ( 1)
( 1)

x x
x x

2

x
vi x > 0;
1 x
(2 3) 26 15 3 (2 3) 26 15 3 + + B
1 1
(2 3) 52 30 3 (2 3) 52 30 3
2 2
+ +
2 2
1 1
(2 3) (3 3 5) (2 3) (3 3 5)
2 2
+ +
1 1
(2 3)(3 3 5) (2 3)(3 3 5) 2
2 2
+ +
Cu 4:
a/ Phng trnh (1) c = m
2
- 4m +8 = (m - 2)
2
+4 > 0 vi mi m nn phng trnh (1) c 2 nghim phn bit vi mi
m.
b/ Do , theo Viet, vi mi m, ta c: S = 2
b
m
a
; P = 2
c
m
a
M =
2
1 2 1 2
24
( ) 8

+ x x x x
=
2 2
24 6
4 8 16 2 4

+ + m m m m
2
6
( 1) 3

+ m
. Khi m = 1 ta c
2
( 1) 3 + m nh nht
2
6
( 1) 3

+
M
m
ln nht khi m = 1
2
6
( 1) 3

+
M
m
nh nht khi m = 1
Vy M t gi tr nh nht l - 2 khi m = 1
Cu 5
a) V ta c do hai tam gic ng dng MAE v MBF
Nn
MA MF
ME MB

MA.MB = ME.MF (Phng tch ca M i vi ng trn tm O)

b) Do h thc lng trong ng trn ta c MA.MB = MC
2
, mt khc h thc lng trong tam gic
vung MCO ta c MH.MO = MC
2

MA.MB = MH.MO nn t gic AHOB ni tip trong

ng trn.
c) Xt t gic MKSC ni tip trong ng trn ng knh MS (c hai gc K v C vung).Vy ta
c : MK
2
= ME.MF = MC
2
nn MK = MC. Do MF chnh l ng trung trc ca KC nn
MS vung gc vi KC ti V.
d) Do h thc lng trong ng trn ta c MA.MB = MV.MS ca ng trn tm Q.
Tng t vi ng trn tm P ta cng c MV.MS = ME.MF nn PQ vung gc vi MS v l
ng trung trc ca VS (ng ni hai tm ca hai ng trn). Nn PQ cng i qua trung
im ca KS (do nh l trung bnh ca tam gic SKV). Vy 3 im T, Q, P thng hng.
M
E
F
K
S A
B
T
P
Q
C
H
O
V