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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Mc lc
M U........................................................................................................... 8
1.1. Xut x ca d n ..........................................................................................8 1.2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM)........................................................................................................9 1.3. T chc thc hin TM ...............................................................................11

CHNG 1.
1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5.
1.5.1. 1.5.2. 1.5.3. 1.5.4. 1.5.5. 1.5.6. 1.5.7. 1.5.8. 1.5.9.

M T TM TT D N................................................. 15

Tn d n ..............................................................................................15 Ch u t.............................................................................................15 V tr a l ca d n............................................................................15 Phm vi vng d n ..............................................................................20 Ni dung ch yu ca d n .................................................................21


Cp cng trnh .............................................................................................. 21 Cc hng mc cng trnh .............................................................................. 21 Khi lng v tin ................................................................................... 28 Cng tc dn dng thi cng........................................................................... 29 Tin thi cng v iu kin thi cng: ......................................................... 29 Vt liu xy dng ......................................................................................... 31 Din tch chim t....................................................................................... 31 Tng mc u t........................................................................................... 31 Cc ch s kinh t ......................................................................................... 32

CHNG 2. IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T -X HI ........................................................................................ 33


2.1.
2.1.1. 2.1.2. 2.1.3. 2.1.4. 2.1.5.

iu kin t nhin v mi trng .........................................................33


iu kin v a l, a cht.......................................................................... 33 iu kin kh tng thy vn........................................................................ 36 Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin............................................. 41 Mi trng sinh thi ..................................................................................... 78 nh gi chung v iu kin t nhin X hi rng ca VQGCT: ............... 93

2.2.
2.2.1. 2.2.2. 2.2.3. 2.2.4.

iu kin kinh t - x hi khu vc d n............................................ 113


iu kin kinh t x hi huyn B ng..................................................... 113 iu kin kinh t huyn k Rlp ............................................................. 116 iu kin kinh t x hi huyn Bo Lm .................................................... 119 iu kin kinh t x hi huyn Ct Tin ..................................................... 121

2.3. 3.1. 3.2. 3.3.


3.3.1. 3.3.2.

Danh lam thng cnh khu vc d n ................................................. 124

CHNG 3.

NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG.............. 126

Tm tt cc hot ng chnh ca d n.............................................. 126 Nhn dng cc tc ng...................................................................... 126 nh gi cc tc ng......................................................................... 129
Giai on chun b mt bng v thi cng..................................................... 129 Giai on tch nc v khai thc s dng.................................................... 152

3.4.
3.4.1. 3.4.2. 3.4.3. 3.4.4.

nh gi chung cc tc ng bng phng php RIAM ................... 155


H thng tiu ch nh gi RIAM ............................................................... 155 Kt qu nh gi bng phng php RIAM v cc tc ng n mi trng158 Phn tch kt qu ........................................................................................ 161 Nhn xt cc tc ng chnh ca phng php RIAM................................. 162 Trang 1

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

3.5. Kim tra trng thi dng chy v m phng s c mi trng bng M hnh ton DELTA MODEL FOLOW & WATER QUALITY............................ 163
3.5.1. 3.5.2. Phn mm DELTA: .................................................................................... 163 M phng s c v p thy in ng Nai 6 ............................................ 164

CHNG 4. BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG......................................... 168
4.1. Bin php gim thiu cc tc ng trong giai on chun b mt bng v thi cng d n.................................................................................................... 168
4.1.1. 4.1.2. 4.1.3. 4.1.4. 4.1.5. 4.1.6. Gim thiu tc ng n ti nguyn t, cnh quan, xi mn b mt ........... 168 Gim thiu tc ng n mi trng khng kh, ting n ............................ 169 Gim thiu tc ng n cht lng nc ................................................... 170 Cc gii php gim thiu cc tc ng n thnh phn Vn Ha x hi....... 176 Cc gii php gim thiu cc tc ng n lnh vc kinh t......................... 176 Gim thiu ri ro trong thi cng v an ton lao ng................................... 176

4.2.
4.2.1. 4.2.2. 4.2.3. 4.2.4.

Cc gii php khc.............................................................................. 178


Gii php khng ch cho cc kho cha nhin liu ....................................... 178 Gii php khng ch cho kho thuc n........................................................ 178 Gii php cp nc sinh hot ...................................................................... 178 Gim thiu tc ng n ti nguyn khong sn, di ch kho c: ................. 179

4.3.
4.3.1. 4.3.2. 4.3.3. 4.3.4. 4.3.5.

Gim thiu tc ng ca ri ro v s c mi trng .......................... 179


M t cc nguyn nhn gy ra s c mi trng. ........................................ 179 Bin php gim thiu s c mi trng....................................................... 179 Gim thiu tc ng do thay i ch dng chy ..................................... 179 Gim thiu cc tc ng n thng h du cng trnh ................................. 179 Tun th nghim ngt quy trnh thit k p ............................................... 180

4.4.

Xy dng h thng quan trc p ....................................................... 181

CHNG 5. CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG................ ...................................................................................... 182


5.1.
5.1.1. 5.1.2. 5.1.3.

Chng trnh qun l v gim st mi trng.................................. 182


C s php l.............................................................................................. 182 Chng trnh qun l mi trng................................................................ 182 Chng trnh gim st mi trng .............................................................. 184

5.2.
5.2.1. 5.2.2.

D kin kinh ph cho cc cng trnh, cng tc bo v mi trng ..... 186


Danh mc cc cng trnh x l mi trng ................................................. 186 X l nhim cht lng nc khi thi cng ............................................... 186

CHNG 6.
6.1. 6.2.

THAM VN KIN CNG NG............................... 189

THAM VN KIN CNG NG................................................... 189 CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG ...... 190

6.2.1. Trch nhin ca ch u t ......................................................................... 190 6.2.2. Cam kt thc hin cc bin php, quy nh chung v mi trng c lin quan n d n 192

KT LUN V KIN NGH...................................................................... 193


7.1. KT LUN. ................................................................................................ 193 7.2. KIN NGH: .............................................................................................. 194

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

DANH MC BNG BIU


Bng 1: Danh sch cc thnh vin tham gia lp bo co TM. ................................ 13 Bng 2 : To v tr tuyn N6 phng n kin ngh........................................... 15 Bng 3 : c trng hnh thi lu vc tnh n cc tuyn cng trnh.......................... 17 Bng 4: Cc cng trnh thu in trn dng chnh sng ng Nai ............................ 17 Bng 5 : Cc thng s ca thy in ng Nai 6 ...................................................... 22 Bng 6: Khi lng cng tc chnh thy in ng Nai 6......................................... 28 Bng 7 :Ch tiu kinh t-ti chnh ca d n DN 6 .................................................... 32 Bng 8 : Phn chia t theo mc phong ha ................................................... 34 Bng 9 : Phn phi trung bnh dng chy thng trong nm ti cc tuyn cng trnh. 38 Bng 10 : Cc c trng dng chy nm ti cc trm thy vn v tuyn cng trnh.. 38 Bng 11 : ng duy tr lu lng trung bnh ngy m .......................................... 39 Bng 12 : Lu lng nh l thit k tuyn p......................................................... 40 Bng 13 : Tng lng l thit k tuyn p ............................................................... 40 Bng 14 : Lu lng ln nht cc thi k kit ti tuyn cng trnh ........................... 40 Bng 15: V tr thu mu nc mt ............................................................................. 44 Bng 16 : Ch tiu phn tch mu nc mt .............................................................. 46 Bng 17: Kt qu hin trng cht lng nc mt .................................................... 48 Bng 18 : V tr thu mu nc ngm ......................................................................... 56 Bng 19 : Kt qu hin trng cht lng nc ngm ................................................ 58 Bng 20 : V tr thu mu khng kh............................................................................ 63 Bng 21 : Tiu chun cht lng khng kh 5937 - 2005........................................... 66 Bng 22 : Kt qu hin trng mi trng khng kh.................................................. 66 Bng 23 : V tr thu mu t...................................................................................... 69 Bng 24: Hm lng ha cht c hi trong bn y .............................................. 70 Bng 25 : Kt qu hin trng mi trng t trm tch ............................................. 72 Bng 26: Lng cc cht ha hc ri trong lu vc h Tr An............................ 78 Bng 27: Thng k din tch cc loi t, loi rng Vn quc gia Ct Tin........... 80 Bng 28: Danh sch cc t chc, h gia nh, c nhn ang s dng t ca VQGCT .......................................................................................................................... 80 Bng 29 : Cc loi cy tm thy qun th rng Nam Ct Tin............................... 81 Bng 30 : Danh snh 10 h thc vt c nhiu loi nht trong khu vc rng Ct Lc 81 Bng 31 : So snh mc a dng thc vt qun th rng Nam Ct Tin vi cc khu bo tn thin nhin khc Ty Nguyn.............................................................. 82 Bng 32 : Danh sch cc loi thc vt qu him VQGCT ...................................... 83 Bng 33 : Cc loi thc vt c ngun gen bn a - c hu VQG CT.................. 83 Bng 34 : a dng cc taxon th VQG CT ............................................................ 86 Bng 35 : So snh mc a dng ca cc loi th, chim, b st v bm gia cc khu bo tn vng Ty Nguyn................................................................................... 86 Bng 36 : Cc loi th cn c quan tm bo tn................................................... 87 Bng 37: Danh sch cc loi chim qu him VQG Ct Tin .................................. 88 Bng 38 : Cc loi b st qu him ti qun th rng Kon Plng ............................. 89 Bng 39 : Cc loi c b st, ch nhi c hu ca Vit Nam c mt VQG CT.... 89 Bng 40 : Danh sch cc loi c qu him VQG Ct Tin ..................................... 89
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 41: Thng k din tch cc loi t, loi rng Vn quc gia Ct Tin............ 95 Bng 42: Danh sch cc t chc, h gia nh, c nhn ang s dng t ................ 96 Bng 43 : Danh Lc ng vt c tm quan trng .....................................................103 Bng 44 : Thc vt ni khu vc sng ng Nai .......................................................105 Bng 45 : Cu trc thnh phn loi ng vt ni .....................................................106 Bng 46: Cu trc thnh phn loi ng vt y .....................................................106 Bng 47: Cc vn mi trng chnh ....................................................................126 Bng 48 : Ngun tc ng ca d n n mi trng ..............................................130 Bng 49 : Lng pht thi cc ngun c nh dng diezen .....................................131 Bng 50 : n ca hot ng n mn theo khong cch ti ngun ........................131 Bng 51 : n cc loi ngun theo khong cch...................................................132 Bng 52 : Tiu chun tip xc vi ting n (TCVN 3985-1999)................................133 Bng 53 : Thnh phn v cht lng nc thi sinh hot khu dn c ......................135 Bng 54 : Thnh phn c trng ca nc thi sinh hot ........................................136 Bng 55 : Ti lng cc cht nhim c trng t nc thi sinh hot...................136 Bng 56: Tng hp din tch t nh hng thy in ng Nai 6 (PA kin ngh tuyn 5A) -giai on DAT (MNDBT 224m) ....................................................138 Bng 57 : S ln xut hin thng kit nht v module dng kit t thng I-V ...........138 Bng 58: Lu lng l t nhin tn sut v lu lng x trn thit k tuyn N6 ...140 Bng 59 : Thng k din tch vn QG Ct Tin b ngp do l v cc tuyn h .......140 Bng 60: Thng k mc nc l vng Nam Ct Tin-a Hoai-T Li do l nm 2000, l tn sut v x trn t thn lu ..........................................................145 Bng 61: Din tch ngp ca tng loi thm thc vt N-6 (ha).............................147 Bng 62 : Cc c trng dng chy ph sa tuyn p..............................................153 Bng 63: Lng sinh khi s b ngp trong lng h ng Nai 6. .............................154 Bng 64: Lng xy ha trong ht cc cc cht hu c trong lng h.....................155 Bng 65 : Cc di phm vi dng trong RIAM...........................................................157 Bng 66 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Ho L (PC) ...........................158 Bng 67 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Sinh hc sinh thi (BE)...........158 Bng 68 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Vn ho- X hi (SC)...............158 Bng 69 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Kinh t (EO) ...........................158 Bng 70: Tng hp im s cc thnh phn Mi trng giai on chun b.........159 Bng 71 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Ho L (PC) ............................159 Bng 72 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Sinh hc sinh thi (BE)..........159 Bng 73 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Vn ho- X hi (SC)...............159 Bng 74 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Kinh t (EO) .........................159 Bng 75 : Tng hp im s cc thnh phn Mi trng giai on Thi cng........160 Bng 76 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Ho L (PC) ............................160 Bng 77 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Sinh hc sinh thi (BE)...........160 Bng 78: Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Vn ho- X hi (SC)...............160 Bng 79: Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Kinh t (EO) ..........................160 Bng 80 : Tng hp im s cc thnh phn Mi trng giai on Vn hnh ......161 Bng 81 : Cc bo co v hot ng qun l, gim st mi trng..........................183 Bng 82 : Tng hp chi ph mi trng...................................................................188

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

DANH MC HNH V
Hnh 1: M hnh ton DEL TA MODEL FOLOW& WATER QUALITY .................... 12 Hnh 2: Bn v tr thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A trn lu vc sng ng Nai..................................................................................................................... 16 Hnh 3: S bc thang thy in trn dng chnh sng ng Nai .......................... 20 Hnh 4: Bn lu vc sng ng Nai..................................................................... 21 Hnh 5: S v tr cng trnh................................................................................... 42 Hnh 6 :S v tr tuyn cng trnh ........................................................................ 43 Hnh 7: S cc v tr ly mu nc mt ................................................................ 45 Hnh 8: Biu gi tr PH trong mu nc mt........................................................ 49 Hnh 9: Biu gi tr cn ha tan trong mu nc mt........................................... 50 Hnh 10: Biu tng gi tr nito trong mu nc mt ............................................. 51 Hnh 11: Biu gi tr st trong mu nc mt ...................................................... 52 Hnh 12: Biu gi tr oxi ha tan trong mu nc mt ......................................... 53 Hnh 13: Biu gi tr BOD5 trong mu nc mt.................................................. 54 Hnh 14: Biu gi tr total ciliform trong mu nc mt....................................... 55 Hnh 15: V tr thu mu nc ngm........................................................................... 57 Hnh 16: Biu gi tr PH nc ngm.................................................................... 59 Hnh 17: Biu gi tr st tng s nc ngm ........................................................ 60 Hnh 18: Biu gi tr nitrat nc ngm ................................................................ 61 Hnh 19: Biu hm lng ch trong nc ngm.................................................... 61 Hnh 20: Biu hm lng km trong nc ngm .................................................. 62 Hnh 21: Hng gi ch o ca vng d n............................................................ 63 Hnh 22: V tr thu mu khng kh ............................................................................. 64 Hnh 23: S v tr ly mu t .............................................................................. 71 Hnh 24: Biu gi tr PH trong t trm tch........................................................ 72 Hnh 25: Biu gi tr m trong t trm tch.................................................... 73 Hnh 26: Biu gi tr st trong t trm tch......................................................... 74 Hnh 27: Biu gi tr sulphate trong t trm tch ................................................ 74 Hnh 28: Biu gi tr N trong t trm tch .......................................................... 75 Hnh 29: Biu gi tr ln d tiu trong t trm tch............................................. 76 Hnh 30: Biu gi tr Al trong t trm tch.......................................................... 77 Hnh 31: Bn cc bng ri cht c ha hc lu vc h Tr An ........................... 77 Hnh 32: Bn mc ri cht c ha hc .......................................................... 78 Hnh 33 : Bn hnh chnh vn Quc gia Ct Tin .............................................. 80 Hnh 34: Bn thm thc vt rng quc gia Ct Tin ............................................ 91 Hnh 35: Bn hin trng rng - Vn Quc gia Ct Tin..................................... 92 Hnh 36: Mt s hnh nh v cc kiu thm thc vt khu vc d n .........................100 Hnh 37 :V tr cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 v 6A...........................................108 Hnh 38 :Bn quy hoch lu vc sng ng Nai................................................109 Hnh 39 :Bn hin trng thm thc vt vng d n ...........................................110 Hnh 40: Bn khu vc phn b ca b hoang d khu vc Ct Lc .......................111 Hnh 41 : S khu vc sinh sng ca T Gic mt sng ........................................112
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 42 : Bn hnh chnh Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin............................................113 Hnh 43: Phm vi ngp do l tn sut P5% v do h cha tch mc MNDBT tuyn N6 ..................................................................................................................141 Hnh 44 : Phm vi ngp do l tn sut P5% v do h cha tch mc MNDBT tuyn N6 ..................................................................................................................142 Hnh 45: M phng hin trng ngp nm 2000 vng Ct Tin-a Hoai-T Li......143 Hnh 46: Bn so snh ngp l tn sut P5% vi hin trng l 2000 ...................144 Hnh 47 : Biu kt qu chy phn mm RIAM .....................................................161 Hnh 48: V d mt ct ngang ca p [44] .............................................................164 Hnh 49: Quan h gia din tch p b v theo thi gian (pht)..............................165 Hnh 50: Cc bc thang thy in trn sng ng Nai ...........................................165 Hnh 51: tng gim mc nc (m) so vi trng thi x bnh thng...................166

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

CC T VIT TT
TM EVN CP CTT KTTV KTXH KCN MNDBT MNC TKKT QLDA TVXD in 1 TVXD in 4 TC TCCP TCVN TNMT UBND UBMTTQ TNMT VSTTNSV VQGCT BQLVQGCT B NN & PTNT DSH DSTG VHD VKXS FSSP IUCN KBTTN UNDP WWF nh gi tc ng mi trng Tp on in lc Vit nam C phn Cng trnh thu in Kh tng thu vn Kinh t x hi Khu cng nghip Mc nc dng bnh thng Mc nc cht Thit k k thut Qun l d n T vn Xy dng in 1 T vn Xy dng in 4 Ti nh c Tiu chun cho php Tiu chun Vit nam Ti nguyn mi trng U ban nhn dn U ban Mt trn t quc Ti nguyn mi trng Vin sinh thi ti nguyn sinh vt Vn Quc gia Ct Tin Ban qun l Vn Quc gia Ct Tin B Nng nghp v Pht trin nng thn a dng sinh hc Di sn th gii ng vt hoang d ng vt khng xng sng Chng trnh h tr ngnh lm nhip Hip hi bo tn thin nhin th gii Khu bo tn thin nhin Chng trnh Pht trin Lin hp quc Qu quc t v bo tn thin nhin

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

M U
1.1. Xut x ca d n Pht trin kinh t x hi l mt mc tiu ca chin lc cng nghip ho v hin i ho t nc, trong pht trin h thng in li quc gia l mt ni dung quan trng hng u. H thng sng ng Nai l mt trong 3 h thng sng ln nht ca Vit Nam (sau sng M Kng v sng Hng), bao gm: dng chnh sng ng Nai v 4 ph lu ln l sng La Ng pha b tri, sng B, sng Si Gn v sng Vm C pha b phi. Ngoi cc tc ng t nhin t cc yu t kh tng thy vn (ma, dng chy, triu,...), lu vc sng ng Nai cn chu nhiu tc ng t cc hot ng pht trin kinh t x hi trn lu vc nh cc hot ng pht trin nng nghip, pht trin thy li, thy in, giao thng thy,... c thng lu v h lu. Bn cnh , h thng sng ng Nai khu vc h lu cn chu tc ng ca dng chy l t sng M Kng thng qua h thng sng knh lu vc Vm C. Sng ng Nai l ngun cung cp nc chnh cho pht trin nng nghip trong lu vc v cc vng lin quan vi tng din tch cn ti khong 1,85 triu ha. y cn l ngun cung cp nc chnh cho pht trin cng nghip v dn sinh vi tng lng khong hn 2 triu m3/ngy. Cc nhu cu nc ny s cn tng ln nhiu trong tng lai. Cc sng sui thuc h thng sng ng Nai c tim nng pht trin thu in to ln. Tng lng in cung cp cho khu vc hn 5.000 GWh/nm. Hin ti cng nh tng lai h thng thu in trn lu vc l ngun cung cp nng lng ln cho khu vc. Lu vc sng ng Nai l mt vng rng ln, giu tim nng pht trin kinh t, lin quan n nhiu tnh, c v tr quan trng trong chin lc pht trin kinh t-x hi ca min ng Nam b, khu vc pha Nam ni ring v c nc ni chung. y l lu vc c vng Kinh t trng im pha Nam- l u tu, cu ni ca cc vng kinh t- c quy m v tc pht trin kinh t - x hi mnh nht c nc. S pht trin mnh ca khu vc c bit l cng nghip v th ko theo cc h qu v nhu cu s dng in trong khu vc tng nhanh. Trc tc tng nhanh v nhu cu s dng in nh vy, nhm gim bt p lc kh khn khi phi tp trung huy ng mt lng vn khng l u t xy mi v ci to cc ngun v li in trong c nc, EVN ngh v khuyn khch cc tp on, tng cng ty, cc thnh phn kinh t cng tham gia u t xy dng cc ngun in. ng trc nhim v chnh tr, kinh t- x hi v cng l mt c hi u t to ln, Cng ty C phn Tp on c Long Giai Lai-mt doanh nghip lm n nng ng v hiu qu ti khu vc Ty nguyn, mnh dn u t, nghin cu, nhm tm kim v tin hnh cc th tc chun b u t, thc hin u t cho mt s d n thu in, trong c thu in ng Nai 6. Trn c s Bo co c hi u t do Cng ty C phn T vn xy dng in 1 (PECC1) lp thng 12/2007, Tp on c Long bo co Chnh ph v B Cng Thng ti vn bn s 433/BC-DLGL ngy 20/5/2008. Sau khi xem xt, Vn phng Chnh ph c vn bn s 4621/VPCP-KTN ngy 14/7/2008 ch o B Cng Thng hng dn Ch u t Lp d n u t thy in ng Nai 6 theo qui nh
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

hin hnh, trnh B Cng Thng thm nh, bo co Th tng Chnh ph xem xt, b sung vo quy hoch pht trin in lc quc gia. Nhm t c mc tiu pht trin hi ho v bn vng v kinh t-x hi v mi trng, gn li ch ca doanh nghip vi li ch ca quc gia, Tp on c Long Gia Lai k hp ng vi Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam, tin hnh cc bc nghin cu cn thit lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng giai on u t, nhm la chn ra c s v qui m cng nh phng n khai thc tim nng thu in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A mt cch hp l. Theo , s la chn ra v tr tuyn (on tuyn) v qui m, s khai thc sao cho va c hiu qu v kinh t, va phi gim thiu cc nh hng tiu cc ti mi trng, nht l rng phng h v Vn Quc gia Ct Tin. Thy in l ngun nng lng c th hi phc, c nh gi l ngun in nng sch v hon ho v khng to ra nhim mi trng. D n u t xy dng c bn ni chung, xy dng thy in ni ring thc cht l bi ton so snh c-Mt. Ci mt ln nht phi phn tch, nh gi trong thy in l nh gi tc ng mi trng v mc tiu pht trin bn vng. Vic xy dng cng trnh thu in s thay i cn bn ch dng chy ca sng, lm thay i mt phn mi trng t nhin cng nh mi trng kinh t x hi trong khu vc d n. Nhng nh hng ny s c nghin cu nh gi mt cch chi tit nhm tm ra cc gii php ti u gim thiu nhng nh hng tiu cc, to nn s cn bng bn vng gia pht trin kinh t v bo v mi trng. y chnh l mc ch ca bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng cho d n thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A. 1.2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM) 1.2.1. Cn c php l - Lut bo v mi trng Vit Nam c Quc hi nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005 v c hiu lc t ngy 1/7/2006. - Ngh nh ca Chnh ph 80 CP/2006/N/CP v vic qui nh chi tit v hng dn mt s iu ca lut Bo v mi trng ngy 9/8/2006. - Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 8/9/2006 ca B Ti nguyn Mi Trng hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v Cam kt bo v mi trng. - Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08 thng 12 nm 2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng) - Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP v sa i b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ngy 9 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng. - Ngh nh 160 CP/2005/N-CP ngy 27/12/2005 ca Chnh ph qui nh chi tit hng dn thi hnh lut Khong sn v lut sa i, b sung mt s iu ca lut khong sn. - Ngh quyt 66/2007/NQ-QH11 v d n, cng trnh quan trng quc gia trnh quc hi quyt nh ch trng u t. - Lut t ai c hiu lc t ngy 01/7/2004.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

- Lut rng v pht trin rng 2004. - Bn a hnh khu vc h cha v tuyn p t l 1:25000 h UTM - Bn thm thc vt do Vn Quc gia Ct Tin cung cp thng 11/2007 - Ngh nh s 197/2004/N-CP ngy 03/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v bi thng h tr v ti nh c khi nh nc thu hi t. - Lut Ti nguyn nc, ban hnh ngy 20 thng 05 nm 1998. - Ngh nh s 179/1999/N-CP, ngy 30 thng 12 nm 1999 ca Chnh ph quy nh vic thi hnh Lut Ti nguyn nc. - Thng t s 116/2004/TB-BTC ngy 07 thng 12 nm 2004 ca B Ti Chnh hng dn thc hin ngh nh s 197/2004/N-CP ngy 03/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v bi thng, h tr v TC khi nh nc thu hi t. - Tuyn tp 31 tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng theo qui nh s 35/2002/QBKHCNMT ngy 25/6/2002 ca B trng B khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng. - Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18 thng 12 v vic bt buc p dng cc tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng. - Cng vn s 3430/UBND ngy 24/5/2007 ca y ban nhn dn tnh Lm ng v vic: X nghip t doanh c Long (Gia Lai) ng k u t thy in ng Nai 6 trn a bn huyn Di Linh, Lm ng. - Cng vn s 3920/UBND ngy 14/6/2007 ca y ban nhn dn tnh Lm ng v vic: ngh Th tng Chnh ph cho php u t D n thy in ng Nai 6 trn a bn tnh Lm ng. - T trnh Th tng Chnh ph s 85/TT ngy 10/8/2007 ca Cng ty c phn tp on c Long Gia Lai v vic: xin kho st lp d n u t xy dng thy in ng Nai 6 huyn Ct Tin, tnh Lm ng. - Cng vn s 4997/VPCP-CN ngy 5/9/2007 ca vn phng Chnh ph v vic: Lp d n u t thy in ng Nai 6. - Lut xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003 ca Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. - Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12 thng 02 nm 2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh. - Ngh nh s 83/2009/N-CP ngy 15 thng 10 nm 2009 ca Chnh ph v sa i, b sung mt s iu Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12 thng 02 nm 2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh. - Cc vn bn s 5250/VPCP-KTN ngy 03 thng 8 nm 2009 v s 6163/VPCPKTN ngy 08 thng 9 nm 2009 ca Vn phng Chnh ph thng bo kin kt lun ca Ph Th tng Chnh ph Hong Trung Hi v vic ph duyt iu chnh , b sung Quy hoch bc thang thu in sng ng Nai, trong iu chnh d n thy in ng Nai 6 ph duyt trc y (cng sut lp my Nlm=180MW) thnh cc d n thy in ng Nai 6 (135MW) v Thy in ng Nai 6A(106MW). - Vn bn s 5117/Q-BCT ngy 14 thng 10 nm 2009 ca B Cng Thng, Quyt nh ph duyt iu chnh, b sung Quy hoch bc thang thu in sng ng Nai. - Hp ng kinh t k kt gia Cng ty C phn Tp on c Long Gia Lai v Cng ty C phn T vn xy dng in 4 v vic Kho st, lp d n u t xy dng cc d n Thu in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A. 1.2.2. Cc cn c k thut
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bo co TM thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A c lp trn c s ca cc ti liu k thut chnh sau: - Bo co chnh qui hoch bc thang thy in lu vc sng ng Nai do Cng ty T vn Xy dng in 2 xut bn thng 6/2001. - cng TM thy in ng Nai 6 do Cng ty c phn Tp on c Long Gia Lai ph duyt 6/2008. - Cc bo co chuyn ngnh ca thy in ng Nai 6 giai on bo co u t lp 8/2008: + Bo co chnh d n thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A + Bo co thy nng d n thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A + Nghin cu thy cng v thi cng d n thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A + Bo co a hnh a cht d n thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A + Bo co thy vn d n thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A + Bo co m t cng trnh d n u t thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A ca Cng ty C phn T vn xy dng in 4. 1.3. T chc thc hin TM 1.3.1. Phng php nh gi thc hin mt bo co TM c th s dng nhiu phng php, trong bo co ny cc phng php sau y s c p dng: - Phng php nghin cu v kho st hin trng: Kho st hin trng cht lng mi trng vng d n kt hp thu thp s liu, thng tin t cc ti liu lin quan v phn tch trong phng th nghim xc nh cc thng s v hin trng cht lng khng kh, nc, n ti khu t d n v khu vc xung quanh. - Phng php nhn dng: M t hin trng h thng mi trng, xc nh cc thnh phn ca phng n quy hoch nh hng ti mi trng thng qua vic s dng phng php lit k. - Phng php thng k: Thu thp v x l cc s liu v iu kin kh tng, thy vn, kinh t x hi ti khu vc d n. - Phng php so snh: nh gi cc tc ng trn c s so snh cc Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam. - Phng php lp bng lit k (checklist) v phng php ma trn (matrix): Phng php ny s dng lp mi quan h gia cc hot ng ca d n v cc tc ng mi trng. - Phng php iu tra x hi hc: Phng php ny s dng trong qu trnh phng vn cng ng ti a phng ti ni thc hin d n. - Phng php m hnh ton: Phng php ny dng m hnh ton hc m phng v tnh ton BOD v DO trn mng knh sng vi cc iu kin s dng nc phc tp. - nh gi nhanh: Da trn mt s phng php nh gi nhanh tc ng mi trng xc nh cc vn trng tm cn nh gi su i vi cc cng trnh v nhm cng trnh c xut thc hin bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng chi tit. - Phng php ma trn nh gi nhanh (RIAM): S dng phng php nh gi tc ng mi trng mt cch ch quan thng qua qu trnh nh lng tng i t cc chuyn gia trong cc lnh vc lin quan. Phng php ny c th nh gi nhanh v tng i r rng cc tc ng chnh.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bo co TM ny c xy dng da trn cc vn bn quy nh chung ca cc b chuyn ngnh c lin quan, tham kho n cc d n khc c ni dung nghin cu tng t, c bit t cc d n c s t vn ca cc chuyn gia mi trng quc t. Cn c vo iu kin thc t ca d n, chn v s dng Phng php ma trn nh gi nhanh (RIAM) v p dng phn mm RIAM (Rapid Impact Assesment Matrix) ca t chc DHI t hp nh gi (RIAM l mt phn mm chuyn dng cho cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng c cung cp t D n h tr nng cao nng lc cho cc vin ngnh nc do DANIDA an Mch ti tr) v chn phn mm DELTA:Delta l phn mm tnh dng chy v cht lng nc trn h thng knh sng, l s pht trin v k tha cc phn mm VRSAP, SAL, SALBOD ng thi chn lc v hc hi cc u im ca cc phn mm nc ngoi nh Mike 11, Ecolab, ISIS. Tc gi ca Delta l GS.TS Nguyn Tt c, cn b ca Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam. V mt kh nng tnh ton Delta tng ng vi b Mike 11+Ecolab nhng chy rt nhanh v n nh hn nhiu. Dng Delta c th tnh dng chy (chy xit, chy m, v p) v mt s yu t chnh ca cht lng nc nh mn, BOD, DO tng Nit, tng Pht pho trn h thng knh sng phc tp vi cc iu kin s dng nc khc nhau v cc cng trnh c th vn hnh theo cc mc tiu khc nhau. Mn hnh xut pht ca m hnh nh sau:

Hnh 1: M hnh ton DEL TA MODEL FOLOW& WATER QUALITY

Dng Phng php m hnh ton ca GS.TS. Nguyn Tt c tnh ton cn bng nc (s lng, cht lng, m phng trng thi dng chy trc v sau khi c cng trnh, m phng s c mi trng nh v p...) 1.3.2. Cc bc lp bo co thc hin bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng d n u t thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A, Vin quy hoch Thy li min Nam tin hnh trin khai thc hin cc ni dung sau:
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

iu tra, thu thp s liu, t liu v iu kin t nhin, ti nguyn thin nhin v kinh t x hi ca khu vc thc hin d n v vng nh hng. T chc kho st, iu tra hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng, o c v phn tch cc ch tiu mi trng t, nc, khng kh, thy sinh trong khu vc d n v vng ln cn. Phn tch, x l v tng hp cc s liu, t liu thu thp c. Tham vn kin cng ng. Trn c s cc dn liu, s liu thu thp thc t trong khu vc, cn c theo c s php l l cc lut, thng t, ngh inh, n v t vn. Tin hnh phn tch, nh gi cc tc ng ca d n i vi cc yu t mi trng t nhin - kinh t - x hi. xut cc bin php c th v tng hp trn c s thc t, kt hp vi cc l lun khoa hc hn ch cc tc ng tiu cc ca d n n mi trng. Hi tho ni b, tng hp cc s liu v lp bo co TM sau khi tho lun thng nht trong nhm cng tc thc hin. Gi bo co TM n ch u t v cc chuyn gia mi trng c nhng nhn xt gp b sung, nh gi s b. Chnh l b sung hon thin bo co ng tp v np ln c quan chc nng l B Ti Nguyn v Mi trng trnh duyt. 1.3.3. C quan t vn lp bo co TM n v lp bo co TM: Vin quy hoch Thu li min Nam S 271/3, ng An Dng Vng, Phng 3, Qun 5, TP. H Ch Minh. in thoi: 08.3 8320 179 hoc 08-3 835 0850 Fax: 08-3 835 1721 Website: www.siwrp.org.vn
Bng 1: Danh sch cc thnh vin tham gia lp bo co TM. TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 H v tn Nguyn Tt t Nguyn Ngc Anh Lng Quang X Nguyn Tt c Nguyn Xun Hin ng Thanh Lm H Trng Tin c Dng Trn K Nghim nh Thnh Phm Gia Hin Phm Vn Mnh Hc hm hc v K s chnh Thc s Tin s GS.Tin s Thc s NCS Tin s NCS Thc s K s Thc s Thc s Nhim v c giao Ch nhim ph trch chung Chuyn gia v Thu vn - Dng chy. Chuyn gia QH ngun nc Chuyn gia m hnh dng chy v CLN Chuyn gia Thy lc Chuyn gia Thu lc Chuyn gia Thy cng, thi cng Chuyn gia Thy Nng Chuyn gia Mi trng - Vit bo TM. Chuyn gia ti tiu Chuyn gia v ha hc Chuyn gia a hnh-a cht Trang 13

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Trn c Vinh Nguyn V Huy Nguyn Tin Dng Hong Trng Giang ng Kim Nga Nguyn nh Tin Lu Vn Thun Nguyn L Anh Tun Nguyn Huy Khi V Th L Hin Nguyn Nam Thng Phan Th Anh o

Thc s Thc s Thc s K s K s K s chnh K s chnh Thc s Thc s Thc s K s K s

Chuyn gia cng trnh thy Chuyn gia M hnh cht lng nc Chuyn gia x hi hc Kho st tham vn kin cng ng Phn tch nh gi hiu qu kinh t Chuyn gia v thy vn. Chuyn gia x l s liu v thy vn Chuyn gia a dng sinh hoc T chc trin khai hin trng, Tham gia GIS Phn tch mu t, nc, khng kh, vi sinh GIS - Tnh ton gii ta n b Th k d n

Ngoi ra, trong qu trnh xy dng bo co, nhm d n phi hp v nhn c s gip ca cc c quan chc nng, cc chuyn gia, cc ng nghip ca Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam cng vi Vin K thut bin- Vin Khoa hc thy li Vit Nam, Ban gim c rng Quc gia ct Tin, phng Cng ngh v Qun l Mi trng thuc Vin Sinh hc nhit i thc hin mt s phn vic lin quan cng s gip ca UBND tnh, cc S, Ban ngnh lin quan trong tnh Lm ng, k Nng, Bnh Phc; UBND huyn v cc phng, ban lin quan trong huyn Ct Tin, k Rlp, x ng Nai Thng, x Hng Bnh, cng mt s c quan hu quan khc.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

CHNG 1. M T TM TT D N
1.1. Tn d n Thy in ng Nai 6 K hiu cng trnh : T.10.02 1.2. Ch u t Cng ty c phn Tp on c Long Gia Lai a ch lin h: s 02 ng Trn Cn, phng Tr b , thnh ph PleiKu, tnh Gia Lai Ch tch hi ng qun tr: Bi Php in thoi: 059.3748367 Fax: 0593 747 366 1.3. V tr a l ca d n Cng trnh Thy in ng Nai 6 trong giai on thit k ny nghin cu cc phng n tuyn p tnh t thng lu v h lu nh sau: ng Nai 6 (5), ng Nai 6(4), ng Nai 6(3), ng Nai 6(2). Trong phng n tuyn p ng Nai 6(4) c phng n khai thc thm ngun nc t sui nhnh ak Keh b phi vi 2 phng n b tr nh my km theo l: thng v h lu ca sui ak Keh. Cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 (tuyn 5A), c b phi thuc x Hng Bnh, x ak sin, , huyn akRlp, tnh ak Nng ; b tri thuc x ng Nai thng, x Lc Bc, huyn Ct Tin, tnh lm ng. V tr xy dng tuyn xy dng cng trnh phng n kin ngh (tuyn 5) c ta a l theo h tha Quc gia VN 2000 nh sau:
Bng 2 : To v tr tuyn N6 phng n kin ngh To Tn im DD CD X(m) 1300388,321 1301088,853 Y(m) 384665,621 384933,492

Lu vc sng ng Nai nm trong khu vc khng ch bi ta 11o00- 12 o20 v Bc v 107o00 - 108o30 kinh ng. Tng din tch ca lu vc sng ng Nai l 38.610 km2 (khng k vng chu th sng ng Nai ), chiu di 476 km v h thp khong 2000 m. Sng ng Nai l mt trong nhng con sng ln nht min Nam Vit Nam, bt ngun t cao nguyn Lang Biang c cao khong 2000m v chy vo bin ng ca Soi Rp - G Cng. a hnh lu vc sng ng Nai tng i phc tp, phn ln din tch lu vc u nm trn cao nguyn Bo Lc c cao t 1000 m - 1500 m. Trong khi lng sng trong phn ny thng c cao thp hn rt nhiu (400m - 1200m), iu ny chng t mc ct x ca lng sng rt mnh. Mt phn din tch nm trong vng a hnh chuyn tip vi cao nguyn c cao gim nhanh to thnh sn n gi Ty Nam gy ma ln trong khu vc ny.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Th nhng trn lu vc sng ng Nai rt a dng, trong nhng thung lng thng c t bi tch aluvi, phn trung lu ca lu vc trn cao nguyn Bo Lc Di Linh a s l t bazan, vng ni cao c mt t t en, phn h lu thng c t ct hai bn b sng. Tng ph thc vt ca lu vc rt a dng, rng ch yu phn thng ngun v mt s dy ni cao vi a s rng l ti sinh. Ti nhng vng ni cao phn thng ngun a s l rng thng, thp dn l rng l to v rng tre, cc bi bi ca thung lng sng thng l lm bi, phn cn li din tch trn cao nguyn a s c khai thc trng tr, c ph v mt s loi cy khc. Vng lng h v khu vc tuyn cng trnh ng Nai 6 nm trong khu vc rng quc gia Ct Tin (khu vc Ct Lc). Mng li sng sui kh pht trin. Nhng sng nhnh ng k nht trong lu vc nghin cu gm c sng a Dng (p) 1200km2 nhp lu v tr sau i Ninh khong 10km, sng ak Nung (akTih) (p) 1140km2 nhp lu v tr pha Nam th trn Gia Ngha ca tnh ak Nng, sui arKeh 318km2 nhp lu sau p ng Nai 6 (4). Dn c phn b khng u, tp trung ch yu thung lng sng v cc thnh ph, th trn ven ng t. Mt s im dn c mi c thnh lp t sau nm 1975. c in ni bt ca lu vc sng ng Nai l c kh nhiu cng trnh khai thc ngun nc v ang c xy dng nh cng trnh thy in a Nhim (chuyn nc sang lu vc sng Ci Phan Rang), thy in i Ninh (chuyn nc sang lu vc sng Ly tnh Bnh Thun), thy in ng Nai 2, ng Nai 3&4 trn sng ng Nai ang thit k v thi cng, mt s cng trnh thy li, thy in nh nh Sui Vng, thy in a Dng 2 trn sng a Dng, thy in ak Tih 1&2 trn sng nhnh ak Nng, v.v

Hnh 2: Bn v tr thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A trn lu vc sng ng Nai Trang 16

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

c trng hnh thi lu vc sng tnh n cc tuyn cng trnh thy in trn h thng sng ng Nai c ch ra trong bng 3.
Bng 3 : c trng hnh thi lu vc tnh n cc tuyn cng trnh TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ran i Ninh ng Nai 2 ng Nai 3 ng Nai 6(5) ng Nai 6(4) ng Nai 6(3) arKeh Tuyn p Sng a Nhim a Nhim ng Nai ng Nai ng Nai ng Nai ng Nai arKeh Flv* (km2) 775 1158 1860 2441 4323 4311 4647 318 163.0 205.0 240 283.0 290.9 36.8 11.4 12.0 15.2 15.2 16.0 8.6 Ls (km) Blv (km)

Ghi ch: Flv Din tch lu vc; i vi tuyn i Ninh y l khng k lu vc Ran. Din tch lu vc n cc tuyn khc trn dng chnh sng ng Nai l tnh t sau p i Ninh; Ls- di sng; Blv chiu rng bnh qun lu vc. Bng 4: Cc cng trnh thu in trn dng chnh sng ng Nai TT Tn d n MNBBT MNC Vton b Nlm Etb MW 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 a Nhim i Ninh ng Nai 2 ng Nai 3 ng Nai 4 ng Nai 5 ng Nai 6 ng Nai 6A ng Nai 8 Tr An 160 300 78 180 340 150 125 100 195 400 106KWh 640 1178 339,6 594,9 1109,5 604,43 496,77 409 741,7 1730 m 1042 880 690 590 476 288 224 175 124 62 m 1018 860 675 570 474 286 219 170 112 50 106 m3 166,2 319,8 543,1 1423,6 337,2 106,33 64,32 31,17 1031,5 2765 Vhu ch 106 m3 156,3 251,7 239,6 863,3 16,7 8,35 15,51 9,67 922,8 2547 ang VH ang VH DAT ang XD ang XD DAT BCQH BCQH BCQH ang VH Ghi ch

(Ngun : Tp 1-Bo co tm tt DAT thu in ng Nai 5, PECC2 lp thng 11/2008)

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Cc phng n s khai thc thy nng Thy in ng Nai 6 v 6A c xem xt nghin cu t tuyn 1 (tuyn kin ngh trong Bo co qui hoch bc thang thy in ng Nai 2001) tr ln thng lu di khong 35km. Theo th t t h lu ln thng lu cc tuyn c t tn l t tuyn 1 n tuyn 5. Lu rng cc tuyn p 2 v 3 trong on tuyn nghin cu ny (do Cng ty C phn T vn Xy dng in 1 PECC 1 nghin cu) khng phi l cc tuyn 2 v 3 thy in ng Nai 6 trong Bo co qui hoch bc thang do Cng ty T vn xy dng in 2 lp nm 2001. Tuyn p 1 tuyn kin ngh ca thy in ng Nai 6 trong Bo co qui hoch nm 2001, c lng sng rng khong 60m, hai vai p kh soi c bit vai tri tuyn p c di t tng i bng phng. Tng chiu di tuyn p ng vi MNDBT 205m l 1000m. Nu chn tuyn p ny th khi dng nc s to ra vng ngp rng ln, nht l nhng bi bi gn ven sng v st cnh rng. Do vy, T vn xut xem xt nn dch tuyn p ln pha thng lu, ni c nhng on sng hp va rt ngn chiu di p, va t c nhng bi thoi phng thp ven sng. Qua xem xt trn bn 1:25.000, 1:10.000 v i kho st thc a dc tuyn sng ng Nai t h lu tuyn 1 ln thng lu n gn tuyn ng Nai 5 bc u xem xt cho thy, nu ch cn dch chuyn cng trnh t tuyn 1 ln pha thng lu khong 7.5km (tuyn p 2) th c nhiu u im so vi tuyn p 1, c th: (1) Gim chiu di tuyn p: Ti v tr tuyn p 2 lng sng rng khong 60-70m, hai bn b sng l vch dc. Tng chiu di tuyn p ng vi cao trnh 205m l 580m. (2)Gim din tch ngp lt t nhin ca lng h: Trn cng mt bng MNDBT = 205m, din tch ngp lt t nhin ca lng h ng vi tuyn p 1 l 1954ha, tuyn p 2 l 1208ha, gim 746ha. t trong din tch ngp lt lng h phi k n din tch ca khu bo tn thin nhin Ct Lc thuc Vn Quc gia Ct Tin, i vi tuyn p 1 ngp 732ha, tuyn p 2 ngp 450ha, gim 282ha. (3) Trnh xa hn c khu hot ng ca ng vt qu him (trong phi k n loi t gic mt sng). Khong cch t tuyn p 1 n khu hot ng ca t gic 1 sng khong 2.5km, tuyn p 2 khong 2.8km. Tuy nhin, vi tuyn p 2, mc ngp rng vn cn ln. gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc ca d n n mi trng m vn m bo d n c hiu qu kinh t, cc s phng n tuyn v qui m khai thc c xem xt c th gim thiu hn na mc ngp rng. Trn c s cc ti liu thy vn, a hnh, a cht v cc ti liu lin quan khc nghin cu trong giai on bo co u t, kt hp vi i kho st thc a, cc phng n s khai thc sau c so chn (Khi s 1 bc th gi l ng Nai 6; khi s 2 bc th bc trn gi l ng Nai 6, bc di l ng Nai 6A): (1) S khai thc 1 bc: Theo s ny nghin cu cho cc phng n sau: - S1.1: ng Nai 6 tuyn p 4; tuyn hm dn nc chnh bn b phi, nh my thng lu ca ra sui ake, MNDBT 200m. - S1.2: ng Nai 6 tuyn p 4; H cha chnh trn sng ng Nai ti tuyn p 4, h cha ph trn sui ake, tuyn hm thng gia 2 h b phi, hm dn
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nc chung c ca ly nc t h ph trn sui ake, nh my thng lu ca ra sui ake, MNDBT 200m; - S1.3: ng Nai 6 tuyn p 3, nh my sau p b phi, MNDBT 180m; (2) S khai thc 2 bc: - S2.1: Bc trn: ng Nai 6, tuyn p 4, nh my sau p b phi, MNDBT 205m; Bc di: ng Nai 6A, tuyn p 2, nh my sau p b phi, MNDBT 150m; - S2.2: Bc trn: ng Nai 6, tuyn p 5, nh my sau p b phi, MNDBT 224m; Bc di: ng Nai 6A, tuyn p 2, nh my sau p b phi, MNDBT 150m; - S2.3: Bc trn: ng Nai 6, tuyn p 5, nh my sau p b phi, MNDBT 224m; Bc di: ng Nai 6A, tuyn p 3, nh my sau p b phi, MNDBT 175m; Qui m cc phng n c xem xt trn c s: - Din tch chim t ca cng trnh chnh + cng trnh tm + h cha nh hn 200ha (bao gm c rng phng h bn b tri v khu vc ven Vn Quc gia Ct Tin bn b phi sng ng Nai). - Khng ngp chn thy in ng Nai 5 pha thng lu. Theo s liu kt qu nghin cu d n u t thy in ng Nai 5, cao thp nht ca ng quan h Q=f(Z) h lu nh my thy in ng Nai 5 ng vi Q=0 khong 224,5m. Do vy, trong giai on ny ly gii hn nghin cu qui m MNDBT ca h cha thy in ng Nai 6 l 224m. Phng n kin ngh: S khai thc la chn l s 2 bc, bc trn l ng Nai 6 (tuyn 5); bc di l ng Nai 6A (tuyn 3). Trong bc trn thy in ng Nai 6 (5) MNDBT = 224m, cng sut lp my (Nlm) 135 MW u tin u t trc v bc di ng Nai 6A (3) MNDBT = 175m, cng sut lp my (Nlm) 106 MW s tip tc u t (Ngun quyt nh b cng thng s 5117/Q-BCT)

Trang 19

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Ngun: Cng ty c phn t vn xy dng in 4. Hnh 3: S bc thang thy in trn dng chnh sng ng Nai

1.4. Phm vi vng d n Gm a bn huyn k RLp tnh k Nng, huyn Ct Tin tnh Lm ng. - Vng nh hng chnh ca d n bao gm: + Khu vc lng h: trong phm vi n MNDBT 224 m, thuc cc x: x Lc Bc Huyn Bo Lm, x ng Nai Thng - huyn Ct Tin - tnh Lm ng, x Hng Bnh - k RLp - tnh k Nng. + Khu vc mt bng cng trnh : trong phm vi xin cp t ca cng trnh thuc cc x: x Hng Bnh - k RLp - tnh k Nng, x ng Nai Thng - huyn Ct Tin - tnh Lm ng. + Khu vc xin cp t tm thi: trong phm vi xin cp t ca cng trnh thuc cc x: x Hng Bnh - k RLp - tnh k Nng, x ng Nai Thng - huyn Ct Tin - tnh Lm ng. - Cc phn t trong phm vi d n: Phm vi b tri l t rng do Vn Quc gia Ct Tin qun l; Phm vi b phi l t rng do Ban qun l rng phng h Nam Ct Tin qun l.

Trang 20

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 4: Bn lu vc sng ng Nai

1.5. Ni dung ch yu ca d n 1.5.1. Cp cng trnh Trn c s qui m cng trnh, iu kin a cht, thu vn, theo tiu chun TCXD VN 285: 2002, cp cng trnh c xt nh sau : + Bc trn ng Nai 6 (tuyn 5) - Cm u mi : Kt cu p bng b tng trn nn cng, c chiu cao ln nht 60,4 m, cp cng trnh l cp II. - Nh my thu in : Nh my thu in c cng sut lp t 125MW, cp cng trnh l cp II. + Bc di ng Nai 6A (tuyn 3) - Cm u mi : Kt cu p bng b tng trn nn cng, c chiu cao ln nht 41,5 m, cp cng trnh l cp III. - Nh my thu in : Nh my thu in c cng sut lp t 100 MW, cp cng trnh l cp II. + Tn sut thit k v kim tra : Vi cp thit k cng trnh l cp II, theo tiu chun TCXD VN 285: 2002, tn sut lu lng, mc nc ln nht tnh ton thit k cng trnh chnh l P = 0,5% v tn sut l kim tra l P= 0,1%. 1.5.2. Cc hng mc cng trnh T kt qu nghin cu la chn c cc thng s chnh ca phng n kin ngh xem trong bng 5

Trang 21

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 5 : Cc thng s ca thy in ng Nai 6 TT I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 III 1 2 IV 1 2 V 1 2 3 4 VI 1 2 3 VII 1 2 VIII Cc thng s A- THNG S CHUNG Cc c trng lu vc Cp cng trnh Din tch lu vc t nhin FTN Din tch lu vc hin ti FHT Chiu di sng chnh Ls Lng ma trung bnh nhiu nm X0 Lu lng trung bnh nhiu nm Q0 Moun dng chy nm M0 Tng lng ph sa bi lng hng nm Wbl max Lu lng nh l Q p: + p = 0,1% + p = 0.5% Tng lng l W29: + p = 0,1% + p = 0.5% H cha Mc nc dng bnh thng MNDBT Mc nc cht MNC MNTL max + Kim tra p=0,1% + Thit k p=0,5% Dung tch ton b h Wh Dung tch hu ch Whi Dung tch cht Wc Din tch mt h ng vi MNDBT Lu lng qua nh my Lu lng ln nht Qmax Lu lng m bo p=90% Qb Ct nc nh my Ct nc ln nht - nh nht Hmax - Hmin Ct nc tnh ton Htt Mc nc h lu nh my MNHL max ng vi l p = 0,1% MNHL max ng vi l p = 0,5% Khi NM lm vic vi Qmax MNHL min khi NM vi Q = 0,6 Qmax 1t my Cng sut Cng sut lp my Nlm Cng sut m bo Nb Cng sut trung bnh Ntb in lng in lng trung bnh nm E0 S gi s dng cng sut lp my Khi lng ch yu Trang 22 /v Gi tr

km km2 km mm m3/s l/s.km2 106 m3 m3/s m3/s 106 m3 106 m3 m m m m 106 m3 106 m3 106 m3 ha m3/s m3/s m m m m m m MW MW MW 106kWh Gi

Cp II 6.256 4.323 240 2.660 149 34,50 0,031 11.700 8.530 20.028 14.656 224,00 219,00 227,75 224,14 64,32 15,51 48,81 329,60 322,70 76,01 47,18 41,77 43,50 194,90 192,34 179,19 177,00 125 31,56 56,71 496,77 3.974

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 IX

Cc thng s

/v

Gi tr

X 1

3 4 I 1

o t 103 m3 2.240,41 3 3 p t 10 m 276,04 3 3 B tng CVC 10 m 454,66 3 Khoan phun 10 md 22,27 3 Ct thp 10 tn 11,915 3 Thit b 10 tn 4,124 Tng mc u t (gi qu II/2010) t ng 3.160,471 - Chi ph xy dng 1.172,154 - Chi ph thit b 930,225 - Chi ph bi thng, gii phng MB v TC 13,910 - Chi ph QLDA + T vn 83,913 - Chi ph khc : 396,097 - D phng 381,413 HIU CH D N (Gi bn in 4,5 USCent/kWh) Hiu ch kinh t: + ENPV t ng 942,53 + EIRR % 14,05 + B/C 1,40 276,13 Hiu ch ti chnh : + FNPV t ng 12,15 (Quan im Ch u t) + FIRR % 1,10 + B/C Gi thnh in nng /kWh 6362 Hon vn Nm 17 B- CC HNG MC p dng Hnh thc: p b tng trng lc b tri v p b tng trng lc b phi + p li gia. p dng CVC kt cu BTCT M20 v BT M20, li p l b tng M15, Mi thng lu m1=0 ; Mi h lu m2=0,75. Cao trnh nh p Chiu cao p ln nht B rng nh p Chiu di mt p dng CVC p trn m m m m 228,40 60,40 8 249,10

2 3 4 5 II 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Hnh thc: p trn mt ct fixrp, iu tit bng ca van cung. Kt cu BTCT M25 v Btng M15. Cao trnh ngng trn m 209,00 S ca van ca 5 Kch thc thng thu mi ca van (BxH) mxm 14 x 15 Cao trnh nh trn m 228,40 Chiu cao p trn ln nht m 45 3 Lu lng qua trn max: + ng vi l Ktra m /s 11.389,57 3 (P=0,1%) + ng vi l T k m /s 8.218,10 (P=0,5%) tr pin n B dy mi m 2,5 Trang 23

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

TT 9 10 11 III 1 2 3 4 5 6 IV 1 3 4 5 6 V 1 3 4 5 6 7 VI 1 2 3 4 5 6 VII 1 2 VIII 1 2 3 4

Cc thng s B dy mi tr pin kp B rng mt cu giao thng Chiu di mt p trn p dng li gia (vai p phi)

/v m m m

Gi tr 5,0 6+2x0,5 91

Hnh thc: p , c li chng thm bng t p B rng nh p m 8 Cao trnh nh p m 228,40 H s mi TL & HL p 1:1,6 Chiu cao p ln nht m 30,4 Chiu di mt p li gia m 52,6 Ca nhn nc Hnh thc: b tr ngang p bn b phi, gm 2 khoang dn nc vo 2 t my. Kt cu BTCT M25 Cao trnh ngng m 205,00 Cao trnh nh ( sn cng tc) m 228,40 Kch thc thng thu li chn rc, n x B x H m 4x7x14,5 Kch thc thng thu ca van vn hnh, n x B x m 2x7x7 H my thu in Nh Hnh thc: nh my h b tr sau p bn b phi. Kt cu : BTCT M25 Kiu turbin FRANCIS S t my t 2 Cao trnh lp my m 178,00 Cao trnh sn nh my m 196,50 Kch thc mt bng nh my (di x rng ) m 70,90x44,30 Knh x Hnh thc: Knh h, mt ct hnh thang. Kt cu: on u BTCT M20 Chiu di ton b knh x m 129,10 (Trong on chuyn tip - BTCT M200) m 44 H s mi knh 1,0 1,5 Cao y u knh m 175,60 Chiu rng y knh m 30 dc y knh % 0 Trm phn phi in ngoi tri (OPY) Cao trnh 218,00 Kch thc (di x rng) m 114,2x64,4 Cng trnh dn dng thi cng Hnh thc: Cng hp kn + knh h BTCT M20 Kch thc cng nx(BxH) m 2x6x8 Chiu di cng m 117,50 Chiu di knh h lu m 96,00 Trang 24

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

TT 5 6 7 8

Cc thng s dc cng Cao trnh ngng ca vo cng Cao trnh sn thp van Lu lng thit k cng

/v % m m m3/s

Gi tr 0 173,00 192,00 723

M t cc hng mc cng trnh chnh nh sau: Chiu rng nh p nh p c thit k vi chiu rng 8m c nhim v ch yu phc v vn chuyn v lp t thit b p trn, ca ly nc. nh p c thit k vi kt cu bng b tng M20 trn lp thn p b tng RCC mc M15. Phn xe chy trn nh p c thit k vi chiu rng 6m, pha thng h lu c l i b rng 1m, kt cu lan can cao 1m. Chiu sng nh p bng h thng n cao p b tr mp h lu nh p. Thot nc ma trn nh bng cc rnh ngang qua l i b pha h lu. Mt nh p c dc ngang 2% t thng lu v h lu. Nn p Nn p, bao gm c nn p dng, p trn v ca ly nc vo nh my thy in, c thit k t trn lp cng IB, IIA ca trn tch h tng La Ng (I2 ln). chng thm cho nn p nhm m bo n nh thm nn, gim p lc thm y p, thit k mn chng thm bng khoan pht xi mng nn p. Pha thng lu nn p c b tr 3 hng khoan pht su to mng chng thm, mt hng su 0,5H v hai hng su 0,35H (vi H l chiu cao ct nc) khong cch a = 3m. Pha sau mng chng thm c b tr cc l khoan thot nc thu nc thm v hnh lang trong thn p ti y p, trong hnh lang c b tr h thu bm cn. m bo an ton cho p, tng lin khi cho lp ngay di y p, hn ch hnh thnh cc mt yu trong nn p do h thng cc khe nt to nn, thit k h thng cc l khoan pht xi mng gia c nn p. Nn p c gia c bng khoan pht xi mng vi cc l khoan cch nhau 3m theo hai chiu trn ton mt nn p to thnh mng li, chiu su khoan pht thit k l 5m. Cc l khoan pht gia c c khoan thng ng n su 5m t cao thit k y mng p. Cng tc pht xi mng c thc hin sau khi lp b tng y p v phi kt thc trc khi thi cng b tng tip theo. Mt ct p khng trn p khng trn c kt cu ch yu l b tng truyn thng c b tr bn phn b phi, b tri v phn ngn cch ca ly nc vi p trn. p khng trn bng b tng CVC: cu to mt ct p nh sau: Cao trnh nh p: 228,40m.Chiu rng nh p: 8m. Mi thng lu thng ng t nh p xung n cao 184,00m; t cao 184,00m xung n y p c mi nghing vi dc 1:0.2. Mi h lu thng ng t cao nh p xung n cao 220,40m; t cao 220,40m xung n y p c mi nghing vi dc 1:0.75. Trong thn p c b tr hnh lang khoan pht xi mng, khoan gim p nn p v tiu nc thm qua p. Nn p t trn cng chc, lp IIA ca trm tch h tng La Ng (J2 ln). chng thm cho nn thit k mn chng thm bng khoan pht xi mng nn p, pha h lu mn xi mng chng thm c b tr mt hng cc l khoan gim p. bo m an
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

ton cho p, tng lin khi cho lp ngay di y p, thit k h thng cc l khoan pht xi mng gia c nn p. Mt ct p trn x l p trn c b tr gia lng sng vi kt cu l b tng trng lc, mt ct ngng trn kiu thc dng phixrp, tiu nng h lu bng b tiu nng. p trn c 5 ca van cung (khu ca van BxH = 14 x 15m), ng m bng xi lanh thu lc iu tit lu lng v mc nc. p trn c phn chia khe ln, to thnh 3 khi. Cao trnh nh trn (bng cao trnh nh p dng) : 228,40m. - Cao trnh ngng trn : 209,00m. - Tng chiu di trn nc : 70m. - Tng chiu di p trn k c tr pin : 91m. - Chiu cao p trn tnh n ngng trn : Ht = 45m - Chiu di b tiu nng : Lb = 98m - Chiu su b tiu nng : db = 3m - y ca p trn t trong i IIA ca trm tch h tng La Ng (J2 ln). Kt cu p trn nh sau : - Mt ng thng lu : B tng ct thp M20, dy 2,5m. - Mt cong trn : B tng ct thp M25, phn nh ngng dy 3 - 5m, phn cn li dy 2,5m. - Bn y b tng M20 dy 2m. - Phn li p : b tng M15. - Tr pin : B tng ct thp M25 ; dy 2,5m (Tr pin kp dy 5m). - Dm cu giao thng : B tng ct thp M30. Trong thn p trn b tr hnh lang khoan pht xi mng, khoan thot nc, tiu nc thn p ni lin vi cc hnh lang b tr p khng trn v c cng kt cu vi hnh lang phn p khng trn. X l nn p trn bng khoan phun chng thm, khoan gia c nn, khoan thu nc nn tng t nn p khng trn. Ca ly nc Hng mc ca nhn nc c b tr bn phi p trn theo hnh thc ca nhn nc ngang p, l mt thnh phn ca tuyn p lc, c vai tr nh p khng trn. Vic b tr ca nhn nc nh vy s lm gim khi lng cng trnh. Ca nhn nc gm 2 khoang ly nc vo 2 tuc bin Francis, mi khoang c mt tr pin gia. Cc thng s c bn ca ca nhn nc nh sau : - Kt cu ca nhn nc : B tng ct thp. - Cao trnh nh (sn cng tc) : 228,40m. - Cao trnh ngng : 205,0m. - Kch thc thng thu li chn rc n x B x H : 4 x 7 x 14,5m. - S ca van vn hnh : 2 ca. - S ca van sa cha : 2 ca. - Kch thc thng thu ca van vn hnh B x H : 7 x 7m. - Lu lng thit k qua ca nhn nc : Q = 322,70 m3/s. Kch thc ca vo ca nhn nc c b tr dng thu lc gim tn tht ca vo v cao trnh ngng c t m bo ly nc n nh khng to phu xoy trc ca nhn nc.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

tin hnh tnh ton thu lc, tnh ton n nh v ng sut y ca nhn nc. Kt qu tnh ton cho thy ca nhn nc nh thit k m bo iu kin v thu lc, n nh lt, trt v iu kin v ng sut nn trong mi trng hp. ng ng p lc Ni tip sau ca ly nc l 2 ng ng p lc dng h c ng knh trong D = 7.0m, c dc ng ng 1:0.75 ng ng thp c tnh ton chu lc hon ton. Bn ngoi ng ng c bc b tng ct thp M20. Tng chiu di ca tuyn ng ng ca ng Nai 6 l 45m. Nh my thy in Nh my thy in kiu nh my h, c kt cu bng b tng ct thp t bn b phi. Nh my gm 2 t my trc ng vi tua bin loi Francis bung xon bng kim loi. Tng cng sut lp my 125 MW. Knh x nh my thy in Knh x c nhim v chuyn tip m v tr v dng sng ng Nai lu lng dng chy sau khi pht in. Tuyn knh x bt u t cui nh my n ni gip sng ng Nai, di tng cng 150m. a cht y knh on dc ngc nm hon ton trn nn IIA, phn cui knh c mt phn nm trn lp t IA2. Knh c gia c bng b tng ct thp M20 ln n cao trnh 196,5m. Cc thng s k thut chnh ca knh x : - Hnh thc knh : Knh h, mt ct hnh thang. on u knh gia c BTCT M20. - Chiu di ton b knh x : 150m. - on chuyn tip (dc ngc 1 : 5) : 44m. - Cao y u on chuyn tip : 167,0m. - Cao y cui on chuyn tip : 175,6m. - H s mi knh : 1 : 1,0 1 : 1,5 - Chiu rng y knh : 30m - dc y knh : i = 0 Trm phn phi in ngoi tri Trm phn phi in 220 kV nm v tr u hi bn phi nh my. Kch thc trm L x B : 114,2 x 64,4m.Cao t nn trm : 218,0m. Bn ngoi trm c b tr rnh thot nc xung quanh, cng v hng ro bo v. ng vo trm nm trn ng vo p thun tin cho vic vn hnh sau ny. Cng x ct kt hp x l thi cng, vn hnh Cng x ct l cng trnh a chc nng: Trong giai on thi cng, c s dng dn dng thi cng. Trong giai on vn hnh, c s dng x bn ct lng ng trc khu vc ca ly nc v kt hp x l vn hnh, lm gim qui m cng trnh x mt, dn ti tit kim chi ph xy dng cng trnh. Cc thng s k thut chnh ca cng x ct nh sau: Qui m ca x ct: n x b x h = 2 x 5 x 7m; - Cao ngng ca: 170.0m vi ng Nai 6 - Cao nh bng cao nh p dng; - Ca vn hnh: 2 ca van vn hnh kch thc b x h = 5 x 7m, nng h bng xi lanh thy lc.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Ca van sa cha: Thng lu 2 ca van vn hnh c b tr 2 ca van sa cha. Kch thc v kt cu 2 ca van ny nh ca van vn hnh. Nng h 2 ca van ny bng vic s dng thit b ca 2 ca van vn hnh. 1.5.3. Khi lng v tin Khi lng thi cng:
Bng 6: Khi lng cng tc chnh thy in ng Nai 6
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Ni dung cng vic o t aQ+edQ o t IA1 o t IA2 o t phong ha IB o nguyn khi IIA p t chng thm p cc loi p t tn dng Dm lc Ct lc D b quai+ tng TC B tng M150 B tng M200 B tng ct thp M200 B tng ct thp M250 B tng ct thp M300 xy va M100 Gch xy tng dy 30 cm Bao ti tm nha ng Khoan pht chng thm Khon gia c nn Khoan neo anke Khoan thu nc nn Khoan BT thu n v 103m3 103m3 103m3 103m3 103m3 103m3 103m3 103m3 103m3 10 m
3 3

p v p BT b phi 83.05 845.95 76.17 45.84 37.38 22.2 37.03 6.61 2.84 2.84

p BT b tri 26.92 113.88 79.09 57.48 15.64

p trn 60.19 45.73 51.33 86.36 174.57

Ca nhn nc 2.03 6.48 9.72 11.75

Nh my v OPY 7.29 62.47 23.8 45.58

Knh x 10.89 6.39 29.44 20.94 22.22

Dn dng TC 26.83 4.81 17.02 22.92 110.29

Tng cng 217.19 1,016.76 321.99 267.06 417.42 22.2

5.24 19.96

34.33 150.67

76.6 177.24 2.84 2.84

103m3 103m3 10 m
3 3

92.5 51.3 15.83 9.4 30.3 8.35 7.9 86.81 5.01 18.61 94.33 5.09 26.86 0.31 37.55 0.22 0.01 0.4 0.09 6.01 4.09 2.28 1.49 3.39 2.61 11.45 2.58 5.65 10.87 0.57 0.83 0.37 0.39 0.88 0.78 0.32 1.5 0.88 0.79 1.74 20.74 0.08 4.22 4.85 25.17

92.5 193.45 34.03 68.22 158.73 0.22 0.41 0.09 20.45 10.94 11.32 10.87 2.14 1.99

103m3 103m3 103m3 103m3 103m3 103md 103md 103md 103md 103md 103md

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nc thn p 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Thp khng g ch Z Ct thp trn cc loi Thp lt ng ng Thp lan can Thp hnh cc loi Thit b c kh thy cng Thit b c kh thy lc 103md Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn 1,194.32 419.54 0.84 470.17 0.27 394.89 1.09 5,646.9 0.28 1,342.79 182.6 34 19.4 27.3 178.87 415.71 1,925.00 169.67 2,462.90 86.95 0.19 1,510.45 2.66 11,915.04 182.6 80.7 178.87 2,199.24 1,925.00

1.5.4. Cng tc dn dng thi cng Dn dng bng cng b phi, kch thc 2 6 8 m. Ma l dn lu lng l qua p ang xy d v cng dn dng. 1.5.5. Tin thi cng v iu kin thi cng: D kin cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 c thi cng trong vng 4 nm trong 1 nm chun b, c th cc m chnh nh sau: - Khi cng : Thng 10 nm chun b - Lp sng : Thng 12 nm xy dng 1 - Nt cng tch nc : Thng 6 nm xy dng 3 - Th thit b ng b, pht in t my s 1 : Thng 10 nm xy dng 3 - Hon thin, pht in t my s 2 : Thng 12 nm xy dng 3 Nhn chung iu kin thi cng thy in ng Nai 6 kh thun li, tin v cng thi cng hp l, cc n v thi cng trong nc hin nay hon ton c th thc hin c. 1.5.5.1. Cc cng trnh tm phc v thi cng 1) Mt bng thi cng a. Qui m khu ph tr: Qui hoch tng mt bng thi cng phi ph hp vi mt bng b tr cng trnh chnh, iu kin a hnh khu vc thng, h lu v hin trng vn quc gia Ct Tin v h thng ng giao thng trong v ngoi cng trnh. Khu ph tr v nh c b tr thnh 1 cm chnh h lu b phi tuyn cng trnh. + Cc hng mc ph tr v nh ch s dng trong mt thi gian ngn, do vy tr mt s hng mc c s dng sau khi kt thc cng trnh, kt cu cc hng mc ph tr s ch yu l kt cu tm, d dng lp t v tho d. Nh d kin c hai dng: nh hnh chnh (dng 1); nh xng (dng 2) Nh dng 1 c kt cu xy gch, v ko bng thp, mi lp phibr xi mng nn lng va xi mng, trn bng ct p. Nh dng 2 dng cho cc xng v kho. Cc nh xng dng khung kho lp tn, bao che bng tn. Kho bi gm c 3 dng: dng kn, c mi che v bi h. Dng kn dng cha nhng vt t qu gi chu tc ng ca nhit v m khng kh nh xi mng, cc thit b in, cc ph tng thay th cho cc thit b thi
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

cng. Kho kn c kt cu bao che bng gch, nn lng va xi mng, trn ct p, lp phibr xi mng. Dng kho c mi che ch c mi m khng c bao che dng cha nhng vt liu khng chu tc dng ca m nhng chiu nh hng ca nhit v nh sng mt tri nh cc loi g x v cc bn thnh phm g, st thp. Kt cu dng kho c mi che l khung kho, lp tn, nn lng va xi mng. Dng bi h khng c mi che khng chu nh hng ca nhit v m cng nh nh sng mt tri nh ct, . Bi h c ri x b dy 30 cm. Ngoi ra cn c mt s kho chuyn dng nh kho xng du, kho thuc nc kt cu ring ph hp. b. H thng giao thng: *Giao thng ngoi cng trng ng giao thng n cng trng nh my thy in ng Nai 6 thun li nht l ng b hng t thnh ph H Ch Minh theo ng quc l 13, quc l 14. Thy in ng Nai 6 c tng chiu di ng b t thnh ph H Ch Minh n cng trng l 211km. Trong , ng Quc l 13 t thnh ph H Ch Minh n quc l 14 c chiu di 79km, ng Quc l 14 t quc l 13 n x k Ru huyn k RLp tnh k Nng c chiu di 102 Km, ng giao thng t x k Ru n x k Sin hin trng l ng ri cp phi c chiu di khong 15 km, ng t x k Sin n cng trnh l tuyn ng c lm mi c chiu di khong 15km. *ng thi cng trong cng trng: - ng thi cng vn hnh: l tuyn ng vn hnh cng trnh sau ny, trong giai on thi cng c s dng lm ng thi cng. - ng tm c nh phc v thi cng: l cc tuyn ng tm ch phc v thi cng nhng c nh trong sut qu trnh thi cng. - ng phc v thi cng trong tng thi k thi cng: l cc ng ch tn ti trong tng thi k thi cng v chm dt nhim v khi ht thi k . Tng chiu di ng giao thng trong cng trng l 2,5km trong ch yu l ng tm phc v thi cng. Cu qua sng ng Nai: Do ng vo cc cng trnh nh my u bn phi, trong giai on xy dng cng trnh vic m bo giao thng ni lin b phi v b tri sng ng Nai l cn thit m bo tin thi cng cng trnh. D kin xy dng cu tm qua sng ng Nai ti h lu cc cng trnh, v tr xy dng cc cu tm cch tuyn cng trnh khong 0,4km. Cu c xy dng l cu cng c kt cu b tng ct thp, thy in ng Nai 6 cu c chiu di khong 125m. 2) Cp in thi cng Trn c s b tr mt bng thi cng cng trnh, cc c s phc v thi cng, khu nh cng nhn, khi lng xy lp v bin php thi cng ch yu xc nh vic cp in thi cng s tp trung bn b phi. Vic kho st, nghin cu chi tit h thng cp in thi cng v nhu cu in thi cng cho cng trnh s c thc hin trong cc giai on tip theo. 3) Cp nc thi cng Cp nc thi cng cng trnh gm cp nc sinh hot cho cn b, cng nhn xy dng cng trnh v cp nc k thut.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

* Cp nc sinh hot Nc s dng cho sinh hot ca cn b v cng nhn trn cng trng do cha c kho st nn d kin nc phc v cho n ung c cp t ngun nc ngm ti cc ging khoan. T cc ging khoan s xy dng ng ng cp nc n cc khu vc nh cp nc vo cc b chung cho tng khu vc. Trong giai on sau khi c cc kho st ngun nc t chy ca cc sui trong khu vc s quy hoch s dng ngun nc t chy phc v sinh hot nhm gim chi ph h thng cp nc sinh hot. * Cp nc k thut Cp nc k thut c d kin ly t ngun nc t chy ca cc sng sui gn khu vc xy dng cng trnh hoc nc bm t sng ng Nai hoc cc sui nh trong khu vc cng trnh. 4) H thng thng tin lin lc Vic m bo thng tin gia cng trng vi bn ngoi do h thng thng tin lin lc ca nh Cung cp m nhn. Ty theo nhu cu thng tin lin lc tng giai on thi cng, cc n v k hp ng dch v thng tin vi nh cung cp. 1.5.6. Vt liu xy dng Cng tc sn xut, khai thc vt liu xy dng: Vt liu s dng cho cng trnh gm hc cho xy lt, p v dm cho ct liu b tng. hc cho xy lt v p c th tn dng o h mng cng trnh chnh. dng lm dm cho ct liu b tng cn phi c tm kim, kho st trong khu vc cng trnh cc giai on thit k sau. Vt liu ct Ct cho b tng v cc nhu cu s dng ct nghin t hoc ct thin nhin. Vic xc nh vt liu ct cho ct liu b tng v cc nhu cu khc s c nghin cu y v chi tit cc giai on thit k sau. 1.5.7. Din tch chim t Tng din tch chim t d n thy in ng Nai 6 l :197,72 ha; trong : - Chim t lu di: 166,70 ha (Trong : Lng h 150,7ha; CT chnh 16 ha). - Chim t tm thi : 31,02 ha (S c san tr cho a phng trng rng nhm bo v mi trng). 1.5.8. Tng mc u t Tng mc u t ca d n Thu in ng Nai 6 l: 3160,47 t ng (Mt bng gi qu II nm 2010) Phng n huy ng vn nh sau: + Vn t c chim 30% tng vn u t + Vn vay 70% + Vay ngoi t mua thit b vi li sut 7%/nm. + Phn cn li vay thng mi trong nc vi li sut 13%/nm tnh trong ht thi gian tr n. C hai ngun vn vay u hon n v li trong thi gian xy dng, tr n gc v n li trong 17 nm k t khi cng trnh vo vn hnh.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

1.5.9. Cc ch s kinh t 1.5.9.1. Hiu ch kinh t v ti chnh - Hiu ch kinh t: Gi bn in, p dng theo quyt nh 2014/Q-NLDK ngy 13 thng 6 nm 2007 ca B trng B Cng nghip v hng dn tm thi ni dung tnh ton phn tch kinh t ti chnh u t cc d n ngun in theo ch gi chung cho ma l, ma kit 5.2 cent/kWh, cc ch tiu kinh t ca d n nh bng 7. - Hiu ch ti chnh. Trn c s c cu vn nh sau: + Vn t c ca ch u t: chim 30 % tng vn u t ca cng trnh. + Vn vay ngoi t c huy ng cho phn mua sm thit b nhp ngoi. Ngun vn ny d tnh vay vi li sut 7.0%/nm. + Phn cn li l vn vay thng mi c huy ng cho phn xy lp v cc khon chi ph khc. Ngun vn ny d tnh vay vi li sut 13%/nm. C hai ngun vn vay ny u hon n v li trong thi gian xy dng, tr n gc v n li trong 17 nm k t khi cng trnh vo vn hnh. Ch tiu ti chnh ca d n thu in ng Nai 6 vi gi bn in l 4,7 USCent/kWh.
Bng 7 :Ch tiu kinh t-ti chnh ca d n N 6 Ch tiu Ch tiu kinh t NPV (t ng) EIRR (%) B/C Ch tiu ti chnh NPV (t ng) EIRR (%) B/C Thy in ng Nai 6 942,53 14,05 1,4

276,13
12,15 1.10

Ghi ch: Ch tiu ti chnh ca ng Nai 6 c tnh vi gi bn in 4,7 USCent/kWh.

Cc ch tiu kinh t-ti chnh ca d n Cng trnh Thy in ng Nai 6 m bo kh thi c v mt kinh t & ti chnh.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

CHNG 2. IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T -X HI


2.1. iu kin t nhin v mi trng 2.1.1. iu kin v a l, a cht c im a hnh, a mo: Khu vc nghin cu thuc min ni thp, b phn ct mnh bi h thng sui dy c, sn i thung lng sng ng Nai c dc kh ln 25 n 500, ni tip vi a hnh tng i thoi ca cao nguyn bazan c cao 500-700m v sn thoi 10-150. H thng sng sui trong khu vc kh pht trin: sng ng Nai l mt trong nhng con sng ln nht ca min Nam Vit Nam, bt ngun t cao nguyn Liang Biang c cao khong 2000m v chy ra bin ng ca Soi Rp-G Cng, phn thng ngun ca sng c to thnh bi 3 sng chnh: sng a Nhim, sng Queyon v sng a Dng. Sng ng Nai on khu vc cng trnh c dng ngon ngoo theo hng chnh l hng ng-Ty (tuyn p 4, 3 v 2) sau chuyn hng Bc-Nam. Lng sng on cc phng n tuyn cng trnh rng 50 n 100m, lng sng gc l ri rc i ch c ph cui si v tng ln. c im a cht cng trnh: Theo bo co a cht do Cng ty C phn T vn Xy dng in 1 lp thng 8/2008: c im cu trc a cht v kin to khu vc nghin cu nm pha Nam khi nh Kon Tum thuc a khi Indosinia, thuc pha Ty i kin to Lt vi mng tin Cambri b chm su v hot ng ni la din ra mnh m trong J3-K1, trong Kainozoi hot ng phun tro bazan kh rm r v xy ra nhiu t v c h thng khe nt ln phng B-TN, t gy gn nht (t gy bc II Tuy Ha-C Chi) nm cch xa cng trnh t 10-20km, khng nh hng n vic la chn v b tr cc cng trnh. Theo ti liu cc h khoan kho st N 8 st mp sng bn b mi tuyn 2 su 22 n 27m gp ph hy kin to, chiu rng i ph hy bng 1m, b ph hy thnh t st ln dm sn. t gy c quy m bc IV a tng: theo t bn a cht t l 1/200.000 BLao (D-48-VI), khu vc nghin cu c phn b cc phn v a tng sau: - Gii Mezozoi Jura Trung, h tng La Ng (J2ln): l c nht trong khu vc, chng phn b dc theo lng v 2 bn b sng ng Nai, cc phng n tuyn u phn b ca h tng ny. - Gii Kainozoi-neogen, Pliocen thng-Pleistocen h, h tng Tc Trng (N2Q1 tt): bazan h tng Tc Trng phn b rng ri trn mt v trn cao. bazan c xt xen lp l rng, thnh phn ch yu l bazan olivin kim, ngoi ra cn hyalobazan olivin, plagiobazan v bazan tholeit, din l bazan rt hn ch. B dy n 150m. Do bazan phn b trn cao nn vi cc phng n tuyn c nh my sau p khng gp, ch phng n c tuyn ng hm v b tr cng trnh trn cao mi gp, nh phng n tuyn 4. - Trm tch t (aqiv): Trm tch sng sui v cc bi bi, thm sng khu vc nghin cu pht trin hn ch, ch yu ven sng sui, thnh phn gm cui si, ct, st. Chiu dy 0,5 n 10,0m. c im phong ha: Da vo c im thch hc ca , ngun gc thnh to khu vc, c im phong ha phn chia ra. - V phong ha pht trin trn phun tro bazan.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

- V phong ha pht trin trn trm tch ct bt kt, st kt.


Bng 8 : Phn chia t theo mc phong ha K Tn i hiu i tng i nguyn khi ( rt ti) IIB M t Ghi ch

i nt n ( ti)

IIA

i phong ha

IB

i phong ha mnh

IA2

i phong ha mnh lit

IA1

t tn tch

eQ

Khng thy khong vt phong ha, rt cng chc. Ch tiu c l rt cao, tnh thm rt nh v u khng thay i theo su. Khng thy khong vt phong ha, ti b mt khe nt i ch c i mu sc, cng chc-rt cng chc nt n mnh. Ch tiu c l rt cao, tnh thm thay i theo su. Phn ln hoc 1 phn thay i mu do phong ha v c th i ch mm yu so vi ti, cng chc-cng chc trung bnh. Ch tiu c l cao, tnh thm ln v thay i theo su. Di 50% b ph hy thnh t st. Phn ti hoc b bin mu tn ti nh nhng tng ri rc. t v cn gi c mu sc ca gc. Hn 50% b phn hy thnh t st, ct, mm yu. Cn gi c kin trc ban u ca gc. Ton b b tr thnh t, kin trc b ph hy hon ton, khong vt to b bin i hon ton, cn gi c cu trc ban u ca gc.

Da vo cu trc a cht, c im, kh nng tng tr vn ng nc ca t trong khu vc v mi quan h nc mt vi di t, c th chia ra 3 phc h cha nc chnh: - Phc h cha nc trong cc thnh to bi tch aluvi - Phc h cha nc trong t phun tro bazan h tng Tc Trng. - Phc h cha nc trong t trm tch. a/ Phc h cha nc trong cc thnh to aluvi v thm sng (aQ) Trong khu vc nghin cu cc thnh phn to aluvi gp cc thung lng sui ln v dng thm sng v bi bi ven sng ng Nai thnh phn thch hc l st, ct ln cui si v ct cui si, b dy dao ng 1 n 10m. Nc ngm cha v vn ng trong cc l hng ca t c quan h cht ch vi nc sng, sui bin dao ng ca nc ngm thay i theo ma. Do qui m phn b ca phc h dng t, nh nn t nh hng ti iu kin a cht cng trnh khu vc. b/ Phc h cha nc trong phun tro bazan h tng Tc Trng. t ca phc h cha nc ny u phn b trn cao cc phng n tuyn p. Nc cha v vn ng trong cc khe nt, l rng trong . Ngun cung cp ch
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

yu l nc ma, min thot l cc sn sui, c khi thp xung lp phong ha c pha di (lp t phong ha t trm tch). Mc nc dao ng theo ma rt mnh, ma ma mc nc ngm dng cao trong lp t ph edQ hoc trong i phong ha pha trn, ma kh mc nc ngm h thp trong i nt n hoc di lp phong ha c pha di. Mc vn ng v tng tr nc tt, phn b trn cao t nh hng n iu kin CCT khu vc nghin cu. c/ Phc h cha nc trong t trm tch h tng La Ng (J2 ln): Phc h cha nc phn b ton b cc phng n tuyn p, ti cc h khoan tuyn 2 v 4 tin hnh ly 6 mu nc phn tch thnh phn ha hc ca nc. Nc cha v vn ng trong cc i phong ha, nt n v dc theo cc t gy kin to. Ngun cung cp l nc ma, nc tng trn ngm xung. Min thot l cc khe sui b sng, mc nc giao ng mnh theo ma, mc tng tr vn ng nc km, tnh thm thay i theo tng i . T kt qu th nghim nc, mc nc v p nc trong cc h khoan, t trong khu vc thy rng ti tuyn p tuyn 4 (N6) i IIA v IIB ti nn p tnh thm rt nh. 1) iu kin a cht cng trnh cc phng n tuyn v vng h. Tuyn 2 v tuyn 3 di h lu l cc phng n nh my sau p, c iu kin CCT phc tp, do tuyn c lng sng rng, sn phi thoi, phn b ct bt kt st kt v phin st nm xen kp, b nn p mnh, lng sng c lp aQ dy v c dt gy bc IV ct qua, bn vai phi p c tng phong ha dy. i IB v IIA c tnh thm nc mnh cn x l. Tuyn 4 l phng n c ng hm c iu kin CCT t phc tp: tuyn p c lng sng hp, sn dc, phn b ct bt kt st v phin st nm xen kp b nn p mnh, hai bn vai p c tng phong ha n ht i IB dy 15 n 30m, lng sng c lp aQ mng, i IIA v IIB c tnh thm yu. Ca nhn nc c tng phong ha dy, nn ca nhn nc trong i IIA. Tuyn ng hm o trong i IIA, IIB ca trm tch, trn cao ph bazan kh thun li. Nh my thy in c sn dc, tng phong ha mng, nn nh my t trn i IB v IIA kh thun li. Tuyn 5 l phng n nh my sau p c iu kin CCT t phc tp, do tuyn c lng sng hp, sn dc, phn b ct bt kt st v phin st nm xen kp b nn p mnh, lng sng c lp aQ mng v hai bn vai p c tng c phong ha dy, cha c h khoan kho st. So snh CCT 4 phng n tuyn thy rng phng n tuyn 4 v 5 c iu kin CCT thun li hn, tuyn ngn, lp ct cui lng sng mng di l i IB v IIA, c 2 tuyn u c nhc im l tng ph bn 2 vai kh dy. H cha thy in ng Nai 6 v 6A vi mc nc dng bnh thng t 175 n 224m, 2 h l h min ni, di v hp, trong phm vi cc h cha phn b trm tch c tnh thm nc yu, phn hy gia sng ng Nai v cc sng sui khc u cao v xa nn kh nng thm mt nc cu h cha sang cc lu vc sng khc l khng c, kh nng mt nc h cha qua nn v vai p xung h lu l c. 2) ng t Theo bn kin to phn vng ng t khu vc t l 1/1000.000 ca vin Vt l a cu lp nm 2003, vng nghin cu c phng ng t cp Imax = 7 (MSK-64),
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nh gia tc nn a= 0,06-0,12g. V ng t ln nht l cp 7 do cn phi xem xt n nh hng ca ng t i vi cng trnh thy cng. 3) Khong sn a) Huyn k Rlp: Theo kt qu iu tra nghin cu ca Lin on a cht 6 (Cc a cht v khong sn Vit Nam), cc loi khong sn trn a bn huyn k Rlp khng nhiu. Ngoi mt s m c th khai thc phc v xy dng c bn, giao thng, thy li, cn li l qung Bxit phn b nhiu nht ti o Ngha, Nhn C tr lng kh ln, ang c cc nh u t trin khai xy dng nh my khai thc ch bin Bxit. b) Huyn Ct Tin: Trong vng d n c cc ti nguyn khong sn v vt liu xy dng vi mc chim t nh sau: t khai khong sn Atimol: 5 ha (x Tin Hong) t sn xut vt liu x, gm s: 65ha, trong : th trn ng Nai: 6ha, Ph M: 1ha, Qung Ngi: 10ha, T Ngha: 10ha, T Ngha 4ha, M Lm: 6ha, c Ph: 6,4ha, Phc Ct 1: 7ha, Phc Ct 2: 4ha, Gia Vin: 8ha, Nam Ninh: 5ha, ng Nai Thng: 8,6ha. 2.1.2. iu kin kh tng thy vn 2.1.2.1. Kh hu, kh tng Nhit khng kh: Nhit trung bnh hng nm ca khng kh trong lu vc thay i theo cao a hnh v kh n nh, nhit trung bnh nhiu nm Lt l 17,90C, Lin Khng l 21,20C, k Nng l 22,50C. Nhit trung bnh hng thng thay i t 15,80C-19,40C ( Lt), 19,40C22,80C (Lin Khng) v t 20,40C-24,00C (k Nng). Nhit trong ngy bin i ln hn nhiu, c bit trong cc thng ma kh bin nhit ngy m c th ln ti t 100C-120C. Thng lnh nht thng l thng XII v thng I, nhit thp nht trong thi k quan trc l 4,50C ( Lt), 7,90C (Lin Khng), 7,60C (k Nng). Thng nng nht thng l thng III, IV,V, nhit cao nht trong thi k quan trc l 29,80C ( Lt), 36,80C (Lin Khng), 36,60C (k Nng). Trong khu vc cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 a hnh c cao t 200-500m, nhit khng kh c nh gi theo ti liu trm kh tng k Nng v l trm kh tng gn khu vc xy dng cng trnh gn nht. m khng kh: m khng kh trung bnh nm trn lu vc kh n nh theo khng gian s m tng i trung bnh thng ma ma thay i t 80-90%, trong ma kh t 7080%. m tng i thp nht xut hin vo thi k ma kh, vi gi tr nh nht trong thi k quan trc l 3% ( Lt), 5% (Lin Khng), 13,0% (k Nng). Ma: Ch ma trong lu vc sng ng Nai kh phc tp, chu nh hng mnh m ca yu t a l, a hnh v bin i nhiu theo khng gian v thi gian. Ch ma y mang sc thi ca ch ma vng ven Nam Trung B: ma ma n
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

mun hn v tp trung hn, thng ko di khong 4 thng, t thng V n thng X. Trong vng ny vo cc thng XI, XII nhiu khi vn cn c ma ln. Lng ma bnh qun lu vc tnh n cc tuyn p ng Nai 6 c nh gi theo bn ng tr ma nm bng 2659mm. Gi: Vng xy dng cng trnh nm cch trm kh tng k Nng khong 40km v pha Ty Nam. y l trm kh tng gn cng trnh nht. V vy cc c trng v gi phc v thit k cng trnh c xc nh theo ti liu quan trc gi ti trm kh tng k Nng. Theo ti liu quan trc, gi c 2 ma l gi ma Ty Nam v Ty ko di t cui thng V n thng IX, tp trung ch yu vo thng VIII (tn sut 29,1%). Ma ng c gi chnh l gi ng Bc v ng t thng X n thng IV nm sau, trong thi k ny gi ng v ng Bc chim t 50%-90%. Tc gi trung bnh nm vo khong 1,5m/s. Tc gi ln nht quan trc c ti trm kh tng k Nng l 32m/s. Bc hi: Quan trc bc hi ti trm kh tng k nng ch c thc hin bng ng piche t nm 1978-2007. Theo ti liu quan trc ny lng bc hi ng Piche trung bnh nhiu nm bng 941mm. 2.1.2.2. c trng thy vn Ch dng chy nm ca sng ng Nai iu kin t nhin tng i phc tp, do dng sng di, chy qua nhng tiu vng a l khc nhau. Phn din tch thng lu pha ng Bc (lu vc sng a Nhim n ram) c ma l t thng IX n thng XII. Trn dng chnh ng Nai, cng trnh thy in a Nhim c vn hnh vo nm 1964, thy in i Ninh c vn hnh vo nm 2008. K t khi bt u vn hnh, hai bc thang h cha ny bnh thng chuyn hng sang lu vc khc, khng quay tr li sng ng Nai, ch khi c l ln mi x nc qua p trn tr v sng ng Nai. Trn dng chnh ng Nai ang thit k (giai on TKKT-TC) thy in ng Nai 2 v cm cng trnh thy in ng Nai 3-4 ang trong giai on thi cng, d kin pht in vo nm 2010. Trn mt s nhnh ca sng ng Nai v ang xy dng mt s cng trnh thy li in va v nh. Vi c im nh trn, dng chy nm nay ti cc tuyn cng trnh trn dng chnh ng Nai s c tnh ton vi phn din tch lu vc t sau p i Ninh, cn dng chy l c tnh vi ton b din tch lu vc k t u ngun sng a Nhim. nh gi cc c trng dng chy sng ng Nai ti cc tuyn p ng Nai 6 s dng nhng ti liu kh tng thy vn ca cc trm nm trong v vng quanh lu vc, c th l: - Ti liu quan trc kh tng: s dng ti liu thc o ti cc trm kh tng nh: k Nng, Lin Khng, Lt, Bo Lc, v cc trm o ma: Dran, Di Linh, B ng, Tc Trng, T Li - Ti liu quan trc thy vn: ti liu thy vn h a Nhim, ti liu thy vn ti cc trm thy vn k Nng, T Li. - Ngoi ra tham kho ti liu bo co kh tng thy vn ca cc cng trnh thy in trn dng chnh ng Nai nh: a Nhim (TKKT), i Ninh (TKTC), ng Nai 3-4 (TKKT), ng Nai 2 (NCKT) v mt s cng trnh trn cc ph lu ca ng Nai.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Dng chy nm: Dng chy nm cc tuyn p d kin ca d n thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A iu kin t nhin c xc nh theo phng php tng t thy vn, da vo trm thy vn T Li h lu. Xt v mt kh hu v a l thy vn, trm ny bo m iu kin tng t vi lu vc cc tuyn cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 v 6A. Dng chy thng v nm cc tuyn p d kin ca cng trnh Thy in ng Nai 6 v 6A thi k 1978-2007 c xc nh theo dng chy tng ng trm thy vn T Li.
Bng 9 : Phn phi trung bnh dng chy thng trong nm ti cc tuyn cng trnh Tuyn I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII N6(5) N6(4) N6,6A(3) N6A(2) arKeh TVT Li 42,7 26,6 20,7 28,5 56,0 135 232 407 42,8 26,7 20,8 28,6 56,2 135 233 409 46,2 28,8 22,4 30,8 60,6 146 251 440 46,9 29,2 22,8 31,3 61,5 148 255 447 88,0 54,8 42,8 58,8 115 278 478 839 407 408 440 447 839 368 370 398 405 760 186 187 201 204 384 TBN

90,6 166,6 91,0 167,3 98,1 180,3 99,6 183,1 187 343,8

3,15 1,98 1,53 2,11 4,14 10,0 17,2 30,1 30,1 27,3 13,8 6,72 12,3

Bng 10 : Cc c trng dng chy nm ti cc trm thy vn v tuyn cng trnh Qp (m3/s) 2 3 Tuyn Sng F*(Km ) Q0(m /s) Cv Cs 10% 50% 90% N6(5) N6(4) N6,6A(3) N6A(2) TVT Li ng Nai ng Nai ng Nai ng Nai ng Nai 4294 4311 4647 4719 8859 166,6 167,3 180,3 183,1 343,8 0,174 0,174 0,174 0,174 0,174 5Cv 5Cv 5Cv 5Cv 5Cv 205 206 222 226 423 162 163 176 179 335 133 134 144 146 274

Ghi ch*: Din tch lu vc cc tuyn trn dng chnh ng Nai l tnh t sau tuyn p i Ninh; Lu vc trm tv T Lai l tnh t sau tuyn p ram.

ng duy tr lu lng ngy m v lu lng bo m ng duy tr lu lng trung bnh ngy m cc tuyn p thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A c xy dng theo phng php chuyn i t ng duy tr lu lng thng v ng duy tr lu lng ngy cng tn sut. ng duy tr lu lng thng ti cc tuyn c xy dng theo chui lu lng thng xc nh trong phn tnh ton dng chy thng v nm trn y. H s chuyn i tung t ng duy tr thng v duy tr ngy m ly theo trm tng t T Li, da vo ti liu thc o thi k 1978-2007. i vi tuyn arKeh, tnh theo khu gia ng Nai 6 v 6A(3) v ng Nai 6(4). Kt qu tnh ton ng duy tr lu lng trung bnh ngy m cc tuyn p thy in ng Nai 6 v 6A c trnh by trong bng 11 di y.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 11 : ng duy tr lu lng trung bnh ngy m Q ngy m ti cc tuyn cng trnh, m3/s P% N6(5) N6(4) N6(5) N6,6A(3) 1 2 3 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 97 99 736 640 586 527 426 361 309 261 221 181 148 116 89,7 71,7 56,5 45,8 38,3 32,5 27,3 23,1 19,3 15,6 14,0 11,3 739 642 589 529 428 363 310 262 222 182 148 116 90,0 72,0 56,8 46,0 38,4 32,6 27,4 23,2 19,4 15,7 14,1 11,3 796 692 635 571 461 391 335 282 239 196 160 125 97,1 77,6 61,2 49,6 41,4 35,1 29,6 25,0 20,9 16,9 15,2 12,2 809 703 645 579 468 397 340 286 243 199 162 127 98,6 78,8 62,1 50,4 42,1 35,7 30,0 25,4 21,3 17,2 15,4 12,4

arKeh 53,9 47,3 43,5 39,8 31,2 26,5 23,7 18,9 16,1 13,3 11,4 8,52 6,72 5,30 4,16 3,41 2,84 2,37 2,08 1,70 1,42 1,1 1,04 0,85

Dng chy l: Lu lng nh l thit k: Cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A d kin l cng trnh cp 2, theo Tiu chun Vit Nam TCXD-285-2002 th tn sut tnh ton nh sau: - Tn sut thit k l: p = 0,5% - Tn sut kim tra l: p = 0,1%

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 12 : Lu lng nh l thit k tuyn p TT 1 2 3 4 Tuyn p ng Nai 6(5,4) p ng Nai 6&6A (3) p ng Nai 6A (2) p arKeh Qmaxp (m3/s) 0,1 11960 12110 12200 2980 0,5% 8550 8650 8720 2100 1% 7230 7320 7370 1760 5% 4610 4670 4710 1080 10% 3710 3760 3790 850

Tng lng l thit k: Tng lng l thit k ti cc tuyn cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 v 6A c xc nh cho iu kin t nhin (khi cha xy dng cc h cha pha thng lu) theo quan h lng l thi on ln nht vi nh l ln nht (Wmax ~ Qmax). Kt qu xc nh tng lng l thit k cho tn sut thit k (0,1%) v tn sut kim tra (0,5%) c trnh by trong bng 13 sau y:
Bng 13 : Tng lng l thit k tuyn p Qmaxp Tn sut Tuyn m3/s ng Nai 6 (5,4) ng Nai 6&6A (3) ng Nai6(2) 0,10% 0,50% 0,10% 0,50% 0,10% 0,50% 12480 8630 12630 8740 12730 8800 Wmaxp (106 m3/s) W1 884 611 894 619 901 623 W3 2298 1591 2326 1611 2344 1622 W5 3521 2436 3563 2467 3591 2484 W7 4655 3219 4710 3260 4748 3283

L thi cng: Kt qu tnh Qmax cc thi k kit ti cc tuyn p ng Nai 6 c trnh by trong bng 14.
Bng 14 : Lu lng ln nht cc thi k kit ti tuyn cng trnh Tn Qmaxp cc thi k (m3/s) Tuyn Sut XII-VI I-VI I-V I-IV ng Nai 6 (5,4) ng Nai 6&6A (3) ng Nai6(2) arKeh 5% 10% 5% 10% 5% 10% 5% 1300 1020 1330 1040 1340 1050 63,9 1250 1000 1280 1030 1290 1030 62,2 499 385 512 395 515 397 30,0 245 195 251 200 253 201 16,2

XII 625 502 61 515 645 518 29,0

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

10%

48,5

47,2

22,5

12,6

23,3

2.1.3. Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin 2.1.3.1. Hin trng mi trng nc nh gi hin trng mi trng trc khi tin hnh xy dng nh my thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A, n v t vn gim st mi trng tin hnh thu thp mu vt nh mu khng kh, mu nc mt, mu nc ngm v mu t trm tch. Vic thu thp mu phn tch nh gi hin trng cht lng mu vt trc khi xy dng. T c nhng gim st v xut cc gii php gim thiu tc ng mi trng trong thi im thi cng v d n nh my thy in i vo hot ng.

Trang 41

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 5: S v tr cng trnh Trang 42

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 6 :S v tr tuyn cng trnh Trang 43

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

1) Hin trng mi trng nc mt a. S lng v v tr thu mu Theo nh cng, s lng mu nc mt c thu trn dc tuyn sng ng Nai t tuyn d kin ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A. Cc v tr thu mu c b tr u, i din v in hnh trong khu vc d kin xy dng nh my thy in. Cc v tr thu mu c nh v bng my nh v v tinh cm tay nhm qun l chnh xc nhng v tr o c, qun l d liu v sau ny.
Bng 15: V tr thu mu nc mt TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 K hiu N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 Ta Kinh 10726'32.64"E 10724'18.25"E 10723'15.57"E 10721'25.83"E 10720'05.77"E 10717'56.23"E V 1145'38.94"N 1145'16.25"N 1146'18.75"N 1145'43.12"N 1144'54.66"N 1144'08.03"N

Trang 44

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 7: S cc v tr ly mu nc mt Trang 45

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

b. Phng php thu mu Thu mu xt nghim ch tiu l ha: - Khi ly mu chn v tr ly mu ph hp sao cho v tr ly mu l i din cho khu vc ly mu. - Dng my nh v ghi nhn v tr ly mu, chp nh v c ghi chp gi ngy thng nm ly mu v nhng quan st s b xung quanh khu vc ly mu. - Chai, can ly mu c ra k bng nc sch ngm trong acid HNO3 5% trong vng 24 gi. Sau ra sch bng nc v trng li bng nc ct 2 ln (nc ct tinh khit), trng li bng nc ti v tr cn ly mu. - t chai hoc can nha di mt nc 30 50cm, m nt can trnh khng kh bn ngoi vo trong dng c ly mu. Tay gi y bnh ly mu v mt tay m c bnh, t chai theo hng dng chy, nc t chy vo bnh. Trnh s nhim bn t tay vo bnh, khi nc xoy lm nhim bn t tay vo bnh th cn ly mu v tr khc. i vi dng nc ng yn th khua nh to dng chy nc chy vo trong bnh. Ly y nc vo trong bnh, thm cc cht hm mi trng cn thit theo tng ch tiu phn tch, trong qu trnh thm cn thm tht nhanh, y np v bo qun mu mang v phng th nghim phn tch.
Bng 16 : Ch tiu phn tch mu nc mt TT Ch tiu phn tch PO43-, N-NO3-, N-NH4, N-NO2, TSS, TDS, c, SO42-, Cl-, TOC, TN Fe tng s, Ca2+, Mg2+ Dng c Chai nha polyetylen Chai nha polyetylen Th tch (ml) 2000 iu kin bo qun Nhit t = 40C

125

0,5 ml HCl 1:1

Thu mu xt nghim ch tiu vi sinh: - Mu vi sinh vt ti cc trm quan trc c thu vo l thy tinh nt nhm 100ml c kh trng (m bo chai c sch). Cch ly mu nc phn tch vi sinh tng t nh phng php trn, nhng phi rt cn thn khng nhim bn bn ngoi vo mu. - Mu ly xong c bo qun bng thng trong iu kin lnh 4oC, sau c vn chuyn mang mu nc ny v trong ngy tin hnh phn tch ngay nhm m bo tnh chnh xc ca mu vt. c. Phng php phn tch - Gi tr pH: o bng my pH - dn (EC): o trc tip bng my o dn in - mn (S): o trc tip bng my o mn - Mu: phng php so mu cm quan - Mi: phng php cm quan - c: dng my o c
Trang 46

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Nhu cu oxy ha hc (COD) s dng phng php (Closed Reflux) v chun lng K2Cr2O7 d bng mui FAS (Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate) i vi mu c gi tr COD ln hn 10, v s dng phng php oxi ha bng KMnO4 i vi mu c gi tr COD nh hn 10. Oxy ha tan (DO): Phng php Winkler ci tin Nhu cu oxy sinh ha (BOD5): Phng php Winkler ci tin Amoni (N-NH4): Dng phng php so mu vi phng thc Phenol Nitroprusside v Alkali Hypochlorite Nitrit (N-NO2-): Dng phng php so mu vi thuc th l Sulfanilamide v N- (1-naphthyl)- ethylenediamine dihydrochloride Nitrat (N-NO3-): Dng phng php Cadmium Reduction Method, so mu vi thuc th l Sulfanilamide v N - (1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine dihydrochloride. Hydro sunfur (H2S): dng phng php chun Iod SO42-: S dng phng php o c (Turbidimetric method) trn nguyn tc SO42- to c huyn ph vi BaCl2 St (Fe2+, Fe3+): Dng phng php so mu (Phenanthroline Method) vi phng thc O. phenanthroline. Dng Hydroxilamin chuyn tan b st III trong nc v st II sau cho ln mu vi thuc th Phenanthroline Tng Photpho: Phng php quang ph dng thuc th Amoni molipdat Tng cht rn l lng (TSS): S dng phng php trng lng, lc nc qua giy lc (sy kh nhit 103 105oC) Tng cht rn ha tan (TDS): S dng phng php trng lng, ly phn nc lc c cn v sy kh nhit 180oC. Clorua (Cl-): Dng phng php Mohr, chun Cl- bng dung dch AgNO3, ch th K2Cr2O4. Canxi (Ca2+), Magi (Mg2+): Dng phng php chun bng EDTA vi cc cht th l Murexide v Eriochrome Black T. axit: dng phng php chun bng NaOH Nhm: S dng phng php chun bng NaOH kim tng: dng phng php chun vi axit kim carbonat: dng phng php chun vi axit Na+, K+: o trc tip bng my hp ph nguyn t.

Trang 47

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

d. Kt qu hin trng cht lng nc


Bng 17: Kt qu hin trng cht lng nc mt K hiu N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 pH 6,98 7,01 6,88 7,12 7,06 7,09 TSS 28,98 29,76 20,43 24,76 29,98 31,76 20 80 Tng N mg/l 0,88 1,32 2,09 2,11 1,54 1,73 0,25 0,65 0,82 0,97 1,02 1,15 1,54 1,42 1,87 1,32 1,89 1,02 1 2 6,86 6,28 7,79 6,18 7,01 7,18 6 2 Tng P FeTS DO BOD5 COD mgO2/l 4,60 5,18 6,76 6,51 5,87 5,98 <4 < 25 3,21 2,96 3,43 4,76 4,32 5,87 <10 <35 T.Coliform MPN/100ml 610 574 676 886 682 1054 5.000 10.000

TCVN 6 8,5 5942 5,5 9 1995

Gi tr pH (chua phn) pH ca nc biu th mi quan h gia nng H+ v OH-, biu th kh nng m ca nc; y l mt trong nhng thng s lun lun c xc nh trong mi trng nc. Vi gi tr pH thp gy nh hng n s sinh trng v pht trin ca cy trng, khu h ng vt thy sinh, tm c v thp hn na c th gy cht i vi ng thc vt thy sinh. Theo quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng - cht lng nc mt (QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT) quy nh i vi nc phc v cho sinh hot (ct A) gi tr pH dao ng t 6,0 8,5 v i vi nc phc v cho sn xut, cc mc ch khc (ct B) gi tr pH dao ng t 5,5 9,0 Theo kt qu phn tch hin trng cht lng nc cho thy, gi tr pH trong vng dao ng t 6,88 7,12. Nhn chung khng c s dao ng ln gia cc v tr quan trc, gi tr gia cc v tr quan trc sai khc nhau khong 0,3. iu chng t cht lng nc trn sng trong thi im quan trc cha c du hiu b nhim chua phn. Gi tr pH u nm trong quy chun cht lng ct A. iu ny c th gii thch trong thi im quan trc khng c ma v ngun t trong vng khng c du hiu ca t phn nn ngun nc trn sng thi on ny tng i tt.

Trang 48

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi tr pH trong mu nc mt
9.00 8.50 8.00 7.50 7.00 6.50 6.00 5.50 5.00 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6

Ct B Ct A
6.98 7.01 6.88 7.12 7.06 7.09

Gi tr pH

K hiu mu

Hnh 8: Biu gi tr PH trong mu nc mt

Hm lng cn trong nc Cn (cht rn l lng) l lng trong nc bao gm cc dng st, ph sa, cc cht keo hoc s pht trin ca thc, ng vt gy nn; s khng thun li cho ng v thc vt thy sinh v khi s gim kh nng xm nhp nh sng mt tri vo trong thy vc, lm hn ch vic quang hp ca thc vt thy sinh. S xi ha mt phn cc cht hu c c trong cn lm tng nhu cu xi ho trong nc gy thiu ht xi ha tan, c bit trong tng y. Khi hm lng cn l dng bn st l nguyn nhn gy hin tng trm tch tc ng n hin tng bi lng knh rch cng nh khu vc ca bin. y l mt trong nhng ch tiu quan trng nh gi cht lng cc ngun nc. Theo quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng - cht lng nc (QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT) quy nh i vi nc phc v cho sinh hot (ct A) gi tr cn l lng dao ng t 20 30mg/l v i vi nc phc v cho sn xut, cc mc ch khc (ct B) gi tr cn l lng dao ng t 50 100mg/l. Cc v tr thu mu nm trn sng v ngun nc trn cc sui v nn hm lng cn l lng trong nc thng rt thp, do chua b nhng tc ng vo cc lp t, , nn ngun nc tng i trong v sch. Theo kt qu cho thy, gi tr cn l lng trong nc dao ng t 20,43 n 29,98mg/l. Chng t hm lng cn l lng trong nc cn nm trong quy chun ct A ca cht lng nc mt. Ti v tr im N6 c hm lng cn khng tan trong nc vt so vi quy chun ca ct A, nhng vn nm trong gii hn gia ct A vi ct B ca cht lng nc mt. Cc v tr thu mu nm trn sng v ngun nc trn cc sui v nn hm lng cn l lng trong nc thng rt thp, do chua b nhng tc ng vo cc lp t, , nc ma ra tri, nn ngun nc ti cc v tr ny tng i trong v sch. Theo kt qu cho thy, gi tr cn l lng trong nc dao ng t 20,43 n 29,98mg/l. Chng t hm lng cn l lng trong nc cn nm trong quy chun ct A
Trang 49

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

ca cht lng nc mt. iu cho thy kh nng bi lng trn sng l tng i thp. Hm lng cn trong nc ln khi c xy ra ma v l do hin tng ra tri, bo mn lp t mt, tuy nhin khi dng chy trn sng l kh ln nn cc cht l lng s b cun tri v h lu, khng gy bi lng lng dn trn sng.
Biu gi tr cn ha tan trong mu nc mt
35 31.76 30 25 Gi tr TSS (mg/l) 20 15 10 5 0 N1 N2 N3 K h i u m u N4 N5 N6 28.98 29.76 24.76 20.43 29.98

Ct A

Hnh 9: Biu gi tr cn ha tan trong mu nc mt

Gi tr m tng s m l yu t rt cn thit cho s sinh trng v pht trin ca cy trng. Khi hm lng m trong nc cao (trong t cao) s l iu kin thun li cho cy trng pht trin, ngc li khi hm lng m trong nc (t) thp s gim s sinh trng v nng sut cy trng, thnh phn m tng s trong mi trng nc ch yu do thnh phn ca phn bn trong sn xut nng nghip, mt phn nh sinh ra trong mi trng t, cc thnh phn khc, ngun cht thi, Theo kt qu cho thy, hm lng m tng (nit tng s) s trong mi trng nc l tng i thp, gi tr dao ng t 0,88 2,11mg/l. iu chng t trn cc v tr thu mu rt xa cc khu vc canh tc nn ngun nc khng chu s tc ng ca thnh phn phn bn c cha gc N. Vi gi tr m tng s tng i thp s khng thun li cho s pht trin ca h thm thc vt rng trong khu vc nghin cu. iu ny phn nh ph hp vi thc t, mu nc thu trn sng v cc v tr ny nm su trong rng, cch xa cc khu dn c, khu vc sn xut nng nghip, nn ngun nc trn sng hu nh khng chu tc ng ca cc cht c t phn bn trong sn xut, dn n hm lng m trong mi trng nc l kh thp. y l iu khng thun li cho s sinh trng v pht trin ca cy trng cng nh thm ph trong khu vc.

Trang 50

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi tr tng nit trong mu nc mt


2.50

2.00 Gi tr Tng N (mg/l)

2.09

2.11

1.73 1.50 1.32 1.00 0.88 1.54

0.50

0.00 N1 N2 N3 K hi u m u N4 N5 N6

Hnh 10: Biu tng gi tr nito trong mu nc mt

Hm lng st tng s Nng st ho tan trong nc mt thng thng l khng ln v gim dn sau vi ngy k t khi tiu thot t trong cc tng t hoc ra tri trn lp t b mt ra knh mng; mt s vng ven bin lng st ha tan rt t hoc khng c m ch tn ti dng Fe3+ do qu trnh vn chuyn t trong h thng knh mng ni ng ra cc knh trc thi gian cho lng Fe2+ b oxy ha chuyn thnh Fe3+. i vi loi t phn pht trin lu i hu ht st tn ti di dng hemathite v Goethite tinh th mu nu . t phn mi pht trin c nhiu st th keo, vy hm lng st ha tan khi b ngp nc thng c gi tr ln. Theo quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng - cht lng nc (QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT) quy nh i vi nc phc v cho sinh hot (ct A) gi tr st dao ng t 0,5 1,0mg/l v i vi nc phc v cho sn xut, cc mc ch khc (ct B) gi tr st dao ng t 1,5 2,0 mg/l. Kt qu o c hin trng cht lng nc trn 6 v tr cho thy c n 50% v tr c gi tr st tng s nm gia quy chun ct A vi ct B v 50% v tr quan trc c gi tr st nm trong quy chun ca ct B. Trong t quan trc hm lng st tng trong nc dao ng t 1,02 1,89mg/l. Theo bn th nhng vng nghin cu ni ring v vng ng Nam B ni chung c thnh phn th nhng ch yu l dng t xm bc mu, ti xp nn c thnh phn phn st trong t nm mc trung bnh. iu c th kt lun rng trong thi im thu mu trn cc v tr quan trc ang c du hiu b nhim st tng trong nc. Tuy nhin, khu vc ny ch yu l rng v mt phn nh l t nng nghip nn cha tc ng nhiu n sn xut hay nng sut cy trng. Khi cng xung su v h lu th hm lng st tng s gim ng k do thy triu, cc ngun nc khc b sung,
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Cc v tr c gi tr st tng s cao do nh hng ca cc ngun nc t thng lu, cc sui v c nh hng ca phn nh. Tuy nhin, do y l khu vc khng ly nc cho sinh hot v sn xut nn vi hm lng st tng s ny cha gy nhng tc ng n sinh hot ca ngi dn.
Biu gi tr st tng s trong mu nc mt
2.50

2.00 1.87 Gi tr Fe TS (mg/l) 1.50 1.54

1.89

Ct B
1.32 1.02

1.42

1.00

Ct A
0.50

0.00 N1 N2 N3 K hi u m u N4 N5 N6

Hnh 11: Biu gi tr st trong mu nc mt

Gi tr DO DO l lng xy ha tan trong nc, lng xy ha tan trong nc lun thay i theo khng gian v thi gian. Do , hm lng xy ha tan c o ti hin trng nhm m bo chnh xc ca mu vt. Gi tr DO biu th cho cht lng ngun nc v thnh phn thy sinh cng nh h thy sinh trong nc, ngoi ra biu th dng chy hay nc tnh ca khu vc thu mu. Theo quy chun cht lng nc mt Vit Nam (QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT) quy nh i vi ct A (nc s dng cho sinh hot, c x l) c gi tr 6,0mgO2/l v i vi ct B (nc s dng cho mc ch khc) c gi tr 4,0mgO2/l. Gi tr DO trong nc ti cc v tr thu mu c gi tr dao ng t 6,18 7,79mgO2/l. Vi gi tr trn ngun nc c gi tr DO nm trong quy chun ct A ca cht lng nc mt. Cc v tr thu mu ngun nc lun c dng chy nn c s trao i xy trong nc, ngun nc cha c du hiu b ph dng, trong nc c thnh phn to sinh sng, nn hm lng DO trong nc kh cao. Vi gi tr DO trn phn nh ngun nc trn sng trong thi im thu mu cha c du hiu ca hin tng nhim ca cht hu c. Gi tr DO nm trong quy phm cht lng nc mt phc v cho sinh hot v sn xut.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi tr xy ha tan trong mu nc mt


8.00 7.00 6.00 Gi tr DO (mgO2/l) 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 N1 N2 N3 K hi u mu N4 N5 N6 6.86 6.28 6.18 7.79 7.01 7.18

Hnh 12: Biu gi tr oxi ha tan trong mu nc mt

Gi tr BOD5 Gi tr BOD5 l nhu cu xy ha trong 5 ngy xy ha cc cht hu c trong mi trng nc. BOD5 (Biochemical oxygen Demand- nhu cu oxy sinh ho) l lng oxy cn thit vi sinh vt oxy ho cc cht hu c theo phn ng:
Vi khun Cht hu c

O2

CO2

+ H2O

+ T bo mi

Sn phm trung gian

Trong mi trng nc, khi qu trnh oxy ho sinh hc xy ra th cc vi sinh vt s dng oxy ho tan, v vy xc nh tng lng oxy ho tan cn thit cho qu trnh phn hu sinh hc l php o quan trng nh gi nh hng ca mt dng thi i vi ngun nc. BOD5 c ngha biu th lng cc cht thi hu c trong nc c th b phn hu bng cc vi sinh vt. Theo quy chun cht lng nc mt Vit Nam (QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT) nhit 0 20 C quy nh i vi ct A (nc s dng cho sinh hot, c x l) gi tr BOD5 dao ng t 4,0mgO2/l 6,0 mgO2/l v i vi ct B (nc s dng cho mc ch khc) dao ng t 15,0mgO2/l 25,0mgO2/l. Theo kt qu phn tch cht lng nc cho thy, gi tr BOD5 trong thi im thu mu trn 6 v tr quan trc c gi tr dao ng t 4,6 6,76mgO2/l. iu chng t ngun nc trong khu vc trong thi im quan trc cha c du hiu nh hng ca cc cht hu c, ngun nc cha c du hiu nhim.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

8.00 7.00 6.00 (mgO2/l) 5.00 4.6 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 N1

Biu gi tr BOD 5 trong mu nc mt

6.76

6.51 5.87 5.98

5.18

Gi tr BOD

N2

N3 K hi u mu

N4

N5

N6

Hnh 13: Biu gi tr BOD5 trong mu nc mt

Gi tr tng coliform Mi sinh vt thch ng vi mi trng sng khc nhau v phn nh ng hin trng ca mi trng . Nhiu nhm sinh vt c s dng nh l sinh vt ch th nhim bn ngun nc. Trong nghin cu v nhim ngun nc cho thy tng coliform c s dng nh l vi sinh vt ch th nhim bn ca ngun nc. Theo quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng-cht lng nc (QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT) quy nh i vi nc phc v cho sinh hot (ct A) gi tr tng coliform dao ng t 2.500 5.000MPN/100ml v i vi nc phc v cho sn xut, cc mc ch khc (ct B)gi tr Total coliform dao ng t 7.500 10.000MPN/100ml. Ch tiu vi sinh trong nc biu th cho s nhim ngun nc bi phn ca ng vt mu nng. Theo kt qu cho thy, gi tr tng coliform trong nc trn cc v tr dao ng t 574 1054MPN/100ml. iu phn nh trong thi im thu mu ngun nc trn cc v tr quan trc cha c du hiu ca s nhim hu c v phn ca ng vt mu nng. iu ny hon ton ph hp vi thc t, cht lng ngun nc mt trong vng nghin cu hu nh khng chu tc ng ca cc ngun thi, phn ca ng vt mu nng, v khu vc ny ch yu rng, rng nguyn sinh v hu nh khng c dn sinh sng gn .

Trang 54

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi tr Total coliform trong mu nc mt


1200 1080 Gi tr Total coliform ( MPN/100l) 960 840 720 600 480 360 240 120 0 N1 N2 N3 K hi u mu N4 N5 N6 610 574 676 886 1054

682

Hnh 14: Biu gi tr total ciliform trong mu nc mt

Nhn xt din bin cht lng nc mt 1) Qua kt qu phn tch hin trng cht lng ngun nc mt trong khu vc nghin cu cho thy, ngun nc mt trong vng nhn chung tng i tt, cc gi tr u nm trong quy chun ca cht lng nc mt. iu c th gii thch l do vng nghin cu trn sng ng Nai cha c du hiu b nhim ca cc ngun thi, khu vc nghin cu cch rt xa khu dn c v nm su trong rng. Do , trc khi tin hnh xy dng cng trnh thy in ngun nc m bo cho vic cp nc cho sinh hot (cc nh my nc), tuy nhin qu trnh cp nc phi c qua x l m bo vi tiu chun nc sinh hot. Vi cht lng ngun nc ny th vic cp nc cho sn xut l tng i tt. Trong trng hp khi tin hnh xy dng cng trnh (thy in) s tc ng n cht lng ngun nc (do cc cht thi trong qu trnh o p, cht thi sinh hot ca cng nhn, ngun nc b c, hm lng cc cht l lng trong nc cao,...) th vic cp nc cho sinh hot s gp phi nhng kh khn nht nh. Tuy nhin, cc tc ng n ngun nc trn ch xy ra trong qu trnh thi cng, xy dng cng trnh. Khi tin hnh cung cp nc cho sinh hot cn phi theo di cht lng ngun nc v c nhng gii php x l m bo ph hp vi yu cu cung cp nc sinh hot. Trong trng hp cng trnh hon thnh v a vo s dng (h tch nc phc v pht in) c th nhn xt ngun nc trong trng hp ny cng s khng b tc ng nhiu v cht lng, ngun nc vn m bo cht lng cho vic cung cp nc cho sinh hot v sn xut (ngun nc chu rt t ca cc ngun thi). Tuy nhin, vic cung cp lng nc cho h du s b thay i ng k do h tch nc, pht in v x l khi cn thit.
Trang 55

2)

3)

4)

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

2) Hin trng mi trng nc ngm a. S lng v v tr thu mu Mu nc ngm c ly nhng h dn c ging khoan hoc ging o trn cc tuyn ng c ngi dn v sinh sng. S lng mu c thu theo ng vi cng l 6 mu. Cc v tr thu mu c nh v bng my nh v v tinh cm tay GPS gip cho vic qun l, truy cp, kim tra ti liu c thun li.
Bng 18 : V tr thu mu nc ngm TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 K hiu M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 Ta Kinh 10717'00.67"E 10714'50.74"E 10713'51.65"E 10719'40.99"E 10721'36.22"E 10740'56.98"E V 1150'59.23"N 1148'46.08"N 1147'24.73"N 1148'39.18"N 1135'06.01"N 1200'08.00"N

b. Phng php thu mu Chun b chai nha thu mu nc theo th tch quy phm phn tch cc ch tiu. Chai trc khi thu mu c ra sch bng nc sch v c trng qua nc ct. Mu nc c mc ln hay bm ln v thu mu ngay ti thi im ny.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 15: V tr thu mu nc ngm

Trang 57

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

c. Phng php phn tch Phng php phn tch cng tin hnh s l mu vt v phn tch trn cc my mc tng t nh i vi mu nc mt. d. Kt qu hin trng mi trng nc ngm
Bng 19 : Kt qu hin trng cht lng nc ngm TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 K hiu G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 pH 6,62 6,87 6,98 7,11 6,94 6,74 6,5 8,5 FeTS 0,56 1,43 4,54 4,78 2,54 1,23 15 NO32,08 1,67 3,65 5,57 2,65 6,89 45 Hg mg/l KPH KPH KPH KPH KPH KPH 0,001 Pb 0,011 0,032 0,043 0,023 0,042 0,047 0,05 Zn 1,43 0,97 2,54 4,65 1,43 2,32 5,0 T.Coliform F.Coliform MPN/100ml KPH 0,5 0,5 KPH KPH KPH 3 KPH KPH KPH KPH KPH KPH Khng

TCVN 5944 - 1995

Din bin pH pH ca nc biu th mi quan h gia nng H+ v OH-, biu th kh nng m ca nc; y l mt trong nhng thng s lun c xc nh trong mi trng nc. Theo quy chun quy nh i vi gi tr pH ca nc ngm c gii hn trong khong 6,5 8,5. Nu pH thp hn 6,5 nc c v chua v gy nh hng n cy trng, khu h ng vt thy sinh, tm c v thp hn na c th gy cht i vi c, cc loi ng thc vt thy sinh. Thng thng trong mi trng nc ngm c gi tr pH thp hn so vi mi trng nc mt. Nguyn nhn l do mi trng nc ngm hay b tc ng ca cc cht c cha phn v t tip xc vi mi trng khng kh. Theo kt qu phn tch cht lng ngun nc ngm trn 6 v tr thu mu cho thy gi tr pH trong nc dao ng t 6,62 7,11. Vi gi tr pH trn chng t ngun nc ngm trong nhng v tr quan trc khng b nh hng ca chua phn.

Trang 58

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi tr pH nc ngm
7.2 7.1 7.0 6.9 6.98 6.87 7.11

6.94

Gi tr pH

6.8 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.3 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 6.62 6.74

K hiu

Hnh 16: Biu gi tr PH nc ngm

Gi tr pH nm trong tiu chun cht lng nc ngm (TCVN 5944 - 1995). iu c th gii thch ngun nc ngm trong khu vc nghin cu khng b nh hng chua phn l do khu vc c thnh phn a cht, a tng ch yu l t v thnh phn ca vi. Hm lng st tng s trong nc Thng ngun nc ngm khng chu tc ng ca con ngi. Tuy nhin cc cht thi sn xut, cht thi sinh hot ca ngi v ng vt, phn bn ha hc... t a vo mi trng, theo thi gian ngm vo lng t, tch t dn v gy nhim ngun nc Rt nhiu ngun nc ngm hin nay b nhim bi cc hp cht hu c kh phn hy, vi trng gy bnh, kim loi nng trong t, d lng thuc bo v thc vt v khng loi tr cc cht phng x. Trong nc ngm st thng tn ti Fe2+ di dng mui tan Fe(HCO3)2, FeS, FeSO4... Vi hm lng st cao nc c mu vng, mi tanh, gy nh hng khng tt n cht lng nc sinh hot v sn xut. Theo quy chun cht lng nc ngm quy nh i vi gi tr FeTS ca nc ngm c gii hn l 5mg/l. Theo kt qu phn tch cho thy hm lng st trn cc v tr thu mu u c gi tr tng i thp, gi tr dao ng t 0,56mg/l 4,78mg/l. Vi gi tr trn hm lng st nm trong gii hn ca quy chun cht lng nc.

Trang 59

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi tr st tng s nc ngm


5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 4.54 4.78

Gi tr Fe (mg/l)

3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 0.56 1.43 2.54

TS

1.23

K hiu

Hnh 17: Biu gi tr st tng s nc ngm

Hm lng nitrat Nitrate NO3- l sn phm ca s chuyn ho NH4+ di tc dng ca Nitrobacter bacteria. Qu trnh chuyn ha do cc cht c gc NO gy ra theo nh s cc tin trnh trao i xy ra nh sau:
Vi khun Nitromonas Nitrobacte Kh nitrat

Protein

Oxy ha

NH3

Oxy ho

NO2

NO3-

N2

Theo quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng - cht lng nc ngm (QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT) quy nh i vi gi tr NO3- ca nc ngm c gii hn 15mg/l. Theo kt qu phn tch cht lng ngun nc ngm trn cc ging cung cp nc sinh hat cho thy, gi tr nitrat tng i thp, gi tr dao ng t 1,67 6,89mg/l. iu ny phn nh ngun nc ngm cha c du hiu b nh hng ca hm lng nitrat. iu phn nh ph hp vi thc t, dn c trong vng thu mu khng nhiu, mt dn s thp v lng cc cht thi, nc thi ra mi trng, mi trng nc mt khng ln, nn khng ngm gy nh hng n cht lng ngun nc ngm.

Trang 60

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi tr nitrat nc ngm


8.0 7.0 6.0
3 Gi tr NO (mg/l)

6.89

5.57 5.0 4.0 3.65 3.0 2.65 2.0 1.0 0.0 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 2.08 1.67

K hiu

Hnh 18: Biu gi tr nitrat nc ngm

Hm lng ch trong nc Nh chng ta bit hm lng ch c trong nc s gy nh hng n sc khe, h thn kinh ca con ngi khi s dng mt mt t l nht nh. Theo tiu chun cht lng nc ngm quy nh hm lng ch trong nc l 0,05mg/l. Theo kt qu cho thy, hm lng ch trong mi trng nc ngm ti nhng v tr thu mu c gi tr tng i thp, gia cc v tr c s dao ng tng i nh, dao ng khang 0,01mg/l. Gi tr dao ng t ch nm trong tiu chun ca cht lng nc ngm 0,01 0,047mg/l.
Biu hm lng ch trong nc ngm
0.050 0.047 0.043 0.040 0.042

Gi tr Pb (mg/l)

0.032 0.030

0.023 0.020

0.010

0.011

0.000 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6

K hiu

Hnh 19: Biu hm lng ch trong nc ngm

Trang 61

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hm lng km trong nc Theo tiu chun Vit Nam 5944 1995 quy nh hm lng km c trong nc ngm l 5,0mg/l. Theo kt qu phn tch cho thy, hm lng km trong mi trng nc ngm trn cc v tr thu mu c s sai khc nhau gia cc v tr quan trc, tuy nhin cc gi tr sai khc nhau ny khng ln, gi tr dao ng khong 1,0mg/l. Cng theo kt qu phn tch cho thy, gi tr km trong mi trng nc ngm kh thp, gi tr dao ng t 0,97 4,65mg/l. Vi gi tr trn cho thy rng hm lng km trong ngun nc ngm ti nhng v tr quan trc nm trong quy chun ca cht lng nc ngm. Ngun nc ngm cha c du hiu b nh hng ca hm lng km.
Biu hm lng km trong nc ngm
5.00 4.65 4.00

Gi tr Zn (mg/l)

3.00 2.54 2.00 1.43 1.00 0.97 1.43 2.32

0.00 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6

K hiu

Hnh 20: Biu hm lng km trong nc ngm

Nh chng ta bit, gi tr coliform l ch tiu ni ln nhim thnh phn phn ca ng vt mu nng c trong nc. Vi hm lng coliform ln s gy nhim ngun nc v l nhn t lm tng ngun ly truyn cc bnh nhim. Theo tiu chun cht lng nc ngm 5944 1995 quy nh, hm lng coliform trong nc l 3MPN/100ml. Thnh phn vi sinh vt trong mi trng nc ngm trong thi im quan trc trn cc v tr thu mu nc ging cung cp nc sinh hat hu nh khng pht hin thy xut hin thnh phn vi sinh trong ngun nc. C mt s v tr c xut hin ch s vi sinh vt, nhng gi tr trn cn kh thp, thp hn so vi tiu chun cht lng ngun nc ngm quy nh. iu c th gii thch ngun nc ngm trong cc v tr quan trc cha thy xut hin cc vi sinh vt ca phn ng vt mu nng hay nhim bi cht hu c gy nn.

Trang 62

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

2.1.3.2. Hin trng mi trng khng kh a. S lng v v tr thu mu S lng mu c o c ti 6 v tr theo nh cng. Mu khng kh c tin hnh o c ngay ti hin trng bng cc my mc, trang b trn t n ngay ti v tr d kin o. Cc v tr o nm trn cc tuyn ng giao thng, cc khu dn c, cc khu c nhiu dn c sinh sng. Cc v tr c nh v bng my nh v cm tay GPS. Cc v tr o khng kh nhm nh gi hin trng mi trng khng kh ca cc khu vc o v nhng tc ng ca vic xy dng thy in n mi trng khng kh trong khu vc v i sng ngi dn trong khu vc ny.
Bng 20 : V tr thu mu khng kh TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 K hiu K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 Ta Kinh 10719'40.85"E 10719'27.48"E 10720'27.92"E 10719'07.40"E 10721'03.92"E 10721'08.24"E V 1148'39.38"N 1147'01.81"N 1146'10.26"N 1145'38.95"N 1145'53.28"N 1148'42.14"N

Hnh 21: Hng gi ch o ca vng d n

Trang 63

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 22: V tr thu mu khng kh Trang 64

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

a. Phng php thu mu i vi mu khng kh, chiu cao ly mu cch mt t khong 1,5m. Mu c ly sau khi tri nng hoc ma t 2 n 3 gi, mi mu c ly t 30 pht n 2 gi. Hng gi chnh trong thi im o c l hng Ty Nam, ng Nam. Cc im thu mu nm trn trc chnh ca cc tuyn ng giao thng. Thi im thu mu thng vo lc tra hay lc chiu ti. y l 2 thi im m khng kh ni chung c nhng s thay i nhiu hn so vi cc thi im khc trong ngy. b. Phng php phn tch Nhit , m: Thit b: Themo/Hygometer. Tc gi: Airflow; Bi: Haz-Dust Kh Cacbon Dioxit (CO2), Cacbon monoxit (CO), Dioxit Lu hunh (SO2), Oxygen (O2), Dioxit Nit, (NO2), Nit monoxit (NO) Kh chy (Cathar), Hydro sulfua (H2S), c thu mu v o bng cc thit b: OLDHAM 62 ARRAS. Cc thit b o c cho kt qu trc tip trn cc my o chuyn dng. Ring ch tiu bi c x l qua phn mm ca hng HAZ-DUST do M sn xut.

My o bi trong khng kh

My o m khng kh

Thit b o nhit

Thit b o nhit a nng

Trang 65

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 21 : Tiu chun cht lng khng kh 5937 - 2005 Trung bnh (g/m3) Thng s 1 Gi SO2 CO NO2 O3 Bi l lng (TSP) Bi PM10 Pb 350 30000 200 180 300 8 Gi 10000 120 Trung bnh 24 Gi s hc 125 80 200 150 1,5 50 40 140 50 0,5 Phng php Hunh quang cc tm Quang ph hng ngoi khng phn tn Hunh quang ha hc pha kh Trc quang t ngoi Ly mu th tch ln phn tch khi lng Phn tch khi lng hoc tch quang Ly mu th tch ln v quang ph hp th nguyn t

c. Kt qu hin trng mi trng khng kh


Bng 22 : Kt qu hin trng mi trng khng kh Tc K Hng gi hiu gi m/s K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 N N N N N N 0,5 0,3 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,6 Nhit
0

m % 76,5 73,0 78,9 77,3 73,4 77,5

CO

NO2

SO2 g/m3

Bi Bi l T. n PM10 lng

. Rung

dBA 32,1 28,9 29,6 31,8 30,1 29,3 65,3 45,9 60,6 65,7 58,9 57,3 76-82 75-80 68-72 65-69 61-55 66-71 KPH KPH KPH KPH KPH KPH

27 28 27 28 27 27

230 489 213 342 167 198

12,4 15,3 17,4 18,8 15,5 16,8

23,1 21,6 24,8 23,4 20,8 24,1

Hng gi Trong thi on thu v o mu khng kh ngoi hin trng cho thy hng gi trong thi im ny l hng ng Nam l chnh, cn mt s hng khc c xy ra nhng khng r rng, ch nht thi trong mt thi an rt ngn. Tc gi Tc gi thng ph thuc vo thi im thu mu v thi tit trong thi on thu mu (chun b ma hay chiu ti,...). Theo kt qu o c trn 6 v tr dc theo cc tuyn ng mn dn vo khu vc d kin xy dng cho thy trong thi an ny tc gi nhn chung khng ln, tc gi dao ng t 0,3 0,6m/s.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Nhit Cc v tr quan trc mu khng kh nm su trong rng nn nhit trn cc v tr quan trc tng i thp, gi tr dao ng t 27 28oC. Vo thi im ma kh, nng nng nhng nhit trong khu vc vn tng i n nh v thp. Vo thi im ma ma nhit gim so vi ma kh t 3 50C. iu ny hon ton ph hp v khu vc nghin cu c h thm ph kh tt, ch yu l rng v cc tuyn ng mn dn vo t l rng che ph cng kh cao. m m l khi lng ca hi nc c trong 1m3 khng kh. m cng cao tng ng lng hi nc c trong mi trng khng kh cng nhiu v ngc li. m khng kh c trong mi trng khng ging nhau, c ni m ln (m t), c ni m thp (kh hn). m nh hng tng i ln v sinh trng, hnh thnh cc loi sinh vt v thc vt. m l mt trong nhng yu t ni ln c trng ca thi tit, m cng l yu t quan trng n s sinh trng v pht trin ca cy trng, ca thm ph. Do c im chung ca min ng Nam b ni chung c nn m tng i thp hn so vi cc vng khc, do a hnh cao, nm gn bin gii ca ng xch o. Qua kt qu cho thy, m trong thi on o c trn cc v tr quan trc dao ng t 73,0 79%. Kh CO Kh CO l mt loi kh c to ra khi cc nguyn liu thc vt b t chy v do cc cht t ca my mc s dng xng, du thi ra mi trng. Kh ny c th kt hp vi haemoglobin trong mu lm gim kh nng truyn dn oxy ca mu. Theo kt qu o c cho thy, hm lng kh CO trong mi trng khng kh ti nhng v tr quan trc c gi tr dao ng t 167 489g/l. Vi kt qu o c trn cho thy hm lng kh CO trong mi trng khng kh khng ln, nm trong tiu chun quy nh (tiu chun khng quy nh hm lng CO theo trung bnh s hc). iu c th gii thch hm lng kh CO trong mi trng khng kh thp l do cc v tr quan trc nm su trong rng, t c cc phng tin lu thng qua li, khng c khi bi ca cc phng tin lu thng, ca cc my mc chy xng hoc du. Kh NO2 Cng nh vi kh CO, kh NO2 trong khu vc quan trc c gi tr kh thp, thp hn so vi tiu chun quy nh cho mu khng kh ng vi trng hp trung bnh s hc. Gi tr kh NO2 trong mi trng khng kh khu vc quan trc dao ng t khong 12 18g/m3. Kh SO2 Hm lng kh SO2 trong thi im thu mu c gi tr dao ng t khong 21 24g/m3, vi gi tr ny hm lng kh SO2 trong mi trng khng kh ti thi im thu mu trn cc v tr quan trc c gi tr nh hn so vi tiu chun ca cht lng khng kh tnh cho bnh qun s hc. Hm lng bi Hm lng bi trong mi trng khng kh trn cc v tr quan trc c gi tr dao ng t 29 32g/m3. iu ny phn nh hm lng bi trong mi trng khng kh c
Trang 67

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

gi tr nh hn so vi tiu chun khng kh (bnh qun s hc quy nh hm lng bi PM 10 l 50g/m3.) Hm lng bi l lng Hm lng bi l lng trong mi trng khng kh sinh ra ch yu l do cc phng tin chuyn ch hoc cc xe c qua li trn nhng tuyn ng t, ,... gy ra. Bi l lng l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn gy ra cc bnh v h hp nh hng n sc khe con ngi. Hm lng bi l lng trong mi trng khng kh ti nhng v tr quan trc cho thy, trong thi im o c hm lng vi l lng kh thp, dao ng t 45 65g/m3. iu cho thy trong thi im quan trc trn cc v tr o c cht lng khng kh cha du hiu b nh hng bi hm lng bi l lng, do gi tr do c thp hn so vi tiu chun quy nh i vi hm lng bi l lng l 140g/m3 ca trung bnh s hc. iu c th gii thch ti nhng v tr thu mu khng kh cch xa khu dn c v nm trn tuyn ng mn, khu vc ny rt t phng tin v ngi dn qua li, hu nh khng c cc phng tin chuyn ch ( t, my ko,...) i qua nn khng c hin tng bi. Do , hm lng bi l lng trong thi im quan trc cc v tr o u c gi tr kh nh, nm trong tiu chun. Ting n Nh chng ta bit, ting n sinh ra trong mi trng, mi trng khng kh ch yu l do cc phng tin giao thng, phng tin chuyn ch, phng tin xy dng phc v sn xut,... Ting n l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh gy ra cc bnh v thch gic, trm cm, bnh kinh nin,... ca con ngi, gy nh hng n sc khe v sinh hat ca con ngi. Theo kt qu o c ting n trong khu vc nghin cu cho thy, thi im o c hu nh khng c cc lai my mc, phng tin gy ra ting n gn nn gi tr o c tng i thp, gi tr dao ng t 60 80dBA. y l gi tr nm trong ngng cho php ca con ngi. Ting n c gi tr thp l do cc v tr o c rt t cc phng tin qua li, khng c cc my mc di chuyn hay thi cng,... Cc v tr o c nm xa khu dn c v cc tuyn ng giao thng qua li. 2.1.3.3. Hin trng mi trng t trm tch a. S lng v v tr thu mu Mu t trm tch c thu trn lng sng ng Nai gn nhng v tr d kin xy dng nh my thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A. Tin hnh thu 6 v tr mu t trm tch tin hnh phn tch hin trng cht lng mu t bn y.

Trang 68

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 23 : V tr thu mu t Ta TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 K hiu 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kinh 10726'14.14"E 10724'48.70"E 10723'48.34"E 10722'29.31"E 10721'06.26"E 10719'32.79"E V 1145'50.76"N 1145'06.20"N 1145'57.21"N 1146'15.84"N 1145'07.07"N 1144'57.35"N

b. Phng php thu mu Gu ly mu t c th tch 0,04m3 lm bng ng c dy ko Dng c ly mu c ra sch bng nc tt c cht bn bm dnh Chn v tr ly mu thch hp nh sn th gu xung ly mu t. Ti mi v tr ly t 3 4 gu. Sau mi ln ly gu c ra sch bng nc. Mu sau khi ly ln c cho vo ti nilon, ct cht Trn phiu mu ghi: tn cng trnh kho st, k hiu mu, su ly mu, tn ngi ly mu, ngy thng nm ly mu. Khi vn chuyn mu n phng th nghim, mu c cho vo thng trng lng mi thng khng nn qu 40kg. Khi xp mu vo thng, chn gia cc mu l v bo hoc vt liu tng t sao cho tht cht kht. t mu cch thnh thng khong 3 4cm v khong cch gia cc mu l 2 3cm. Ngay di np thng t bng lit k (c gi trong giy khng thm nc). nh s thng, km ghi ch v k hiu cn lu : Trn, khng nm, khng o lt, trnh ma nng. Nu gi mu th ghi r a ch ngi gi, ni gi, a ch ngi nhn, ni nhn mu. Trnh mu chu s thay i t ngt ca nhit , trnh lm mt k hiu mu, trnh c nhng tc ng lc t bin. Mu em v phng th nghim c kim tra v s lng, k hiu mu, cng trnh, ngi ly mu v ngy thng nm nhn mu v trng thi ca mu. Mu c xp thnh hng theo th t, phiu mu hng ln trn, khng bt c vt g t ln mu. Mu t c phn tch nhanh ch tiu m, v c bo qun ni kh ro thong mt hong kh mu.

Trang 69

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 24: Hm lng ha cht c hi trong bn y Thng s Kim loi 0,50 mg/kg Cd 0,14 mg/kg Hg 35,0 mg/kg Cu 140 mg/kg Pb 25,0 mg/kg Ni 85,0 mg/kg Zn 37,0 mg/kg Cr Ha cht BVTV <2,00 g/l Aldrin <2,00 g/l Dieldrin <2,00 g/l Endrin <12,00 g/l DDT <2,00 g/l HCH <2,00 g/l Heptachlor Ngun: S liu TT Bo v mi trng (EPC) 2004 0,45 0,12 28,0 117,7 16,51 62,21 27,21 <2,47 <2,47 <2,47 <14,87 <2,47 <2,47 0,80 0,3 36 85 35 140 100 10 10 10 10 KCTC KCTC n v Nng bn y Nng quy v iu kin tiu chun Tiu chun H Lan

Trang 70

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 23: S v tr ly mu t

Trang 71

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

c. Kt qu hin trng mi trng t trm tch


Bng 25 : Kt qu hin trng mi trng t trm tch K hiu 1 2 3 4 5 6 pH 4,64 4,87 4,42 5,12 4,98 4,89 m % 45,7 49,6 43,9 52,4 49,3 50,5 Fe2+ 57,65 69,87 65,23 85,79 68,82 90,45 SO42110,5 137,8 98,9 145,5 85,7 62,5 Tng N mg/100g 45,23 24,53 27,86 40,54 38,65 45,32 P2O5 11,25 10,56 9,52 7,65 12,65 12,87 Al3+ 10,56 15,68 11,53 14,62 18,63 13,52

chua phn pH phn nh mc ra tri cc cation kim v kim th cng nh mc tch t cc cation st, nhm trong t. Gi tr pH(H2O) l pH o tc ng ca t v nc v pH mui trung tnh l pH(KCl). Theo kt qu o c gi tr pH trong mi trng t trm tch vng nghin cu cho thy, gi tr pH gia cc v tr o t c s dao ng ln, mc dao ng khong 1 n v. Gi tr pH trong t dao ng t 4,42 5,12. iu phn nh cht lng t trm tch trong vng nghin cu c du hiu b nh hng chua nh. c bit ti v tr im 3, iu ny cho thy ti v tr ny c hin tng nhim phn.
Biu gi tr pH trong t trm tch
5.2 5.12 5.0 4.87 4.8 4.98 4.89

Gi trpH

4.6

4.64

4.4

4.42

4.2

4.0 1 2 3 4 5 6

K hiu mu

Hnh 24: Biu gi tr PH trong t trm tch

m m t l khi nim biu th mi quan h gia nc trong t vi t. Ni cch khc, m biu th mc cha nc ca t, nc c th b gi rt cht xung quanh cc phn t ca t hoc di dng dung dch, dung dch cha nhiu
Trang 72

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

mui khong ha tan rt cn cho s sinh trng ca cy ci. Khi m trong t va cy ci sinh trng th cy ci c th hp th c nc d dng. m v cht hu c gi vai tr iu tit ph nhiu ca t. Theo kt qu nh gi m trong mi trng t trm tch ca cc v tr quan trc cho thy, m trong mu t trm tch c gi tr tng i cao, nh ti v tr im 4 c gi tr l 52,4mg/100g.
Biu gi tr m trong t trm tch
54.0 52.0 50.0 48.0 46.0 44.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 45.7 43.9 49.6 52.4 50.5 49.3

Gi tr m (mg/100g)

K hiu mu

Hnh 25: Biu gi tr m trong t trm tch

Hm lng st St trong t c th c ho tr II hoc III. Cc mui st ho tr II d tan, mt phn nh b thu phn lm cho t ho chua. Cc mui st III kh tan trong nc v cy kh hp th nh (FePO4), tuy nhin trong t la nc FePO4 c th b kh tr thnh Fe3(PO4)2 d tan, t c th cung cp ln d tiu cho cy trng. St l mt trong nhng nguyn t cn thit cho thc vt nhng cy s dng rt t. Thiu st cy khng th to c cht dip lc nhng nu hm lng st di ng trong t cao cng gy c cho cy. nhng vng t c phn ng kim yu vi qu trnh oxy ho din ra mnh th cy c th b thiu st do tnh di ng ca nguyn t ny qu thp. Hm lng st II trong mi trng t trm tch vng nghin cu nhn chung c s bin i gia cc v tr quan trc, gi tr dao ng khong 20mg/100g t, vi khong dao ng l khng ln. Hm lng st II trong t c gi tr dao ng t 57,65 90,45mg/100g t. Vi gi tr st II phn nh lp t trm tch cha c du hiu b nhim st nh, nguyn nhn do nhng lp t phn c cha st sinh ra.

Trang 73

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi tr st trong t trm tch


100.0 90.0 80.0 85.79 69.87 65.23 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 57.65 90.45

Gi tr Fe (mg/100g)

70.0

68.82

2+

K hiu mu

Hnh 26: Biu gi tr st trong t trm tch

Hm lng sulphate Hm lng sulphate trong mi trng t s l yu t nh hng n s pht trin ca thc vt. Hm lng sulphate cao s l tc nhn gy hn ch s sinh trng v pht trin ca h thc vt trong mi trng t v mi trng nc khi hm lng sulphate ny gii phng ra mi trng nc. Kt qu phn tch mu trm tch cho thy, gi tr sulphate trong mu trm tch c gi tr dao ng tng i ln gia cc v tr quan trc, gi tr dao ng khong 30mg/100g t. Qua kt qu cho thy, hm lng sulphate trong t trm tch khu vc nghin cu nhn chung khng cao, gi tr dao ng t 62 145mg/100g t. Vi gi tr trn th hm lng sulphate vn cha tc ng n s sinh trng v pht trin ca h thc vt v ng thi v tr thu mu nm di sng (ng Nai) nn kh nng tc ng n h thc vt l khng c.
Biu gi tr sulphate trong t trm tch
160.0 140.0 120.0 137.8 145.5

Gi tr SO4 (mg/100g)

110.5 100.0 80.0 60.0 40.0 20.0 0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 98.9 85.7 62.5

2-

K hiu mu

Hnh 27: Biu gi tr sulphate trong t trm tch Trang 74

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hm lng tng N Nit (m) l mt trong nhng nguyn t dinh dng quan trng i vi thc vt. Hu ht cc nit trong t u dng hu c (95-99%), ch mt phn dng v c (1-5%). a s cc t, hm lng nit trong cht mn chim khong 5%. Cy trng ch s dng nit trong t khi chuyn ho thnh dng v c. Nit tng l mt ch tiu thng c phn tch nh gi ph nhiu tim tng ca t. Theo kt qu phn tch cht lng t trm tch cho thy, hm lng m trong t bn y l tng i thp. Hm lng m trong t dao ng t 24 45mg/100g t v gia cc v tr quan trc khng c s sai khc nhau nhiu v gi tr. iu cho thy, t trm tch trn cc v tr quan trc thuc dng ngho m. iu ny hon ton d hiu, v khu vc nghin cu l rng nn thnh phn chnh trong mi trng t l mn v t chu nh hng ca cc cht thi, cc cht c cha gc N vo nn hm lng m trong mi trng t l kh thp. Vi gi tr m trn s l iu kin khng thun li cho h thc vt trong khu vc sinh trng v pht trin.
Biu gi tr tng N trong t trm tch
50.0 45.0 40.0 45.23 40.54 38.65 45.32

Gi tr Tng N (mg/100g)

35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 24.53 27.86

K hiu mu

Hnh 28: Biu gi tr N trong t trm tch

Hm lng P2O5 Hm lng ln d tiu (P2O5) l mt trong nhng ch tiu nh gi ph ca t, vi hm lng ln d tiu ln s l iu kin thun li cho s pht trin ca thc vt v ngc li. Tuy nhin, hm lng ln d tiu trong nc ln li l nhng tc nhn khng tt v n gy ph dng ngun nc v nh hng n s pht trin ca cc ng vt, cc thc vt khng c li pht trin, nhng cc thc vt c li kh pht trin hn. Photpho c tc dng rt quan trng trong dinh dng i vi thc vt, c bit l i vi s pht trin ca r v ht. Hm lng photpho trong t dao ng
Trang 75

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

trong khong 0,1 0,19% (P2O5). Trong tt c cc loi t, hm lng photpho cc tng di nh hn ng k so vi tng trn. Hm lng ln d tiu ch yu do qu trnh s dng cc loi phn bn, cc cht thi ra,... l chnh, ln trong t mi trng t nhin thng kh thp, khng cho thc vt hp th v pht trin. Theo kt qu cho thy, hm lng ln d tiu trong mu t trm tch c gi tr tng i thp v nhn chung t c s sai khc nhau nhiu gia cc v tr o c. Vi gi tr trn cho thy hm lng ln trong mi trng t trm tch l khng thun li cho s pht trin ca thc vt.
Biu gi tr ln d tiu trong t trm tch
14.0 12.0 11.25 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 10.56 9.52 7.65 12.65 12.87

Gi tr P2 O5 (mg/100g)

K hiu mu

Hnh 29: Biu gi tr ln d tiu trong t trm tch

Hm lng nhm Trong t nhm c trong thnh phn ca cc khong nguyn sinh, th sinh, phc cht hu c - v c v trong trng thi b hp ph (trong t chua). Khi cc khong nguyn sinh v th sinh b ph hy nhm c gii phng ra dng Al(OH)3 l dng keo v nh hnh, cng c th kt tinh. Trong mi trng chua vi pH < 5.0 hydroxyt nhm tr thnh dng di ng v xut hin trong dung dch di dng ion Al(OH)2+, Al(OH)+. Nhng ion ny gy nh hng khng tt n sinh trng ca thc vt. Theo kt qu phn tch hm lng Al3+ trong mi trng t trm tch trn 6 v tr quan trc khu vc d kin xy dng thy in cho thy, hm lng nhm tng i thp. gi tr nhm nhn chung t c s sai khc nhau nhiu gia cc v tr quan trc, hm lng nhm c gi tr dao ng t 10 18mg/100g t.

Trang 76

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Biu gi nhm trong t trm tch


20.0 18.0 16.0 15.68 14.62 13.52 10.56 11.53 18.63

Gi tr Al (mg/100g)

14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 1 2 3 4

3+

K hiu mu

Hnh 30: Biu gi tr Al trong t trm tch

Hnh 31: Bn cc bng ri cht c ha hc lu vc h Tr An Trang 77

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 32: Bn mc ri cht c ha hc

Nhn xt v tc ng ca cht ha hc trong khu vc Theo bn tn lu cht ha hc (DIOXIN) do qun i M di xung Min Nam Vit Nam cho thy:
Bng 26: Lng cc cht ha hc ri trong lu vc h Tr An TT 1 2 3 4 5 Tnh Lm ng ng Nai c Lak Bnh Phc Bnh Thun Tng cng DT tnh (km2) 9.787 5.837 19.569 6.838 7.956 Tng lng cht HH ri n v: Gal 523.795 1.343.565 119.364 448.529 90.560 2.525.813 Trong lng cht ha hc n v: Gal Da Cam 335.296 1.297.552 465.724 1.268.987 418.761 Xanh 65.003 46.741 41.015 44.293 35.694 Trng 155.004 941.010 181.603 98.457 906.603 Khc 2.000 64.889 21.077 12.550 41.251

1.005.940 26.143

1.456.889 114.247

Ngun: Vin khoa hc Thy li Min Nam

T bn v kt qu bng di v mc di trn cho thy, khu vc thc hin d n nm trn lu vc sng ng Nai nhng c mt di kh thp. 2.1.4. Mi trng sinh thi 2.1.4.1. a dng sinh hc ca Vn Quc gia Ct Tin

Trang 78

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Vn Quc gia Ct Tin thuc ba tnh ng Nai, Lm ng v Bnh Phc. Vn c thnh lp trn c s din tch khu rng cm Nam Ct Tin theo Quyt nh s 01/CT ngy 13/01/1992 ca Th tng Chnh ph. Th tng Chnh ph c quyt nh s 38/1998/Q-TTg ngy 16/02/1998 chuyn giao vn Quc gia Ct Tin cho B Nng nghip v PTNT qun l (vi phn m rng din tch). Phm vi vn c ta a l t 11022 n 11050 v Bc v t 107009 n 107035 kinh ng vi quy m din tch l 73.878ha (tnh ng Nai: 38.100ha, Lm ng: 30.635ha v Bnh Phc: 5.143ha) Mc tiu, nhim v ca vn l bo v h sinh thi rng, cc vng t ngp nc quan trng trong vn v bo v ngun gen ng thc vt qu him, bo tn qun th t gic mt sng, qun th voi v cc loi ng vt qu him khc cng nh bo v cnh quan thin nhin, thc hin nghin cu khoa hc, tuyn truyn, gio dc phc v cng tc bo tn Vn quc gia. Pht trin du lch sinh thi, n nh dn c gp phn to cng n vic lm, nng cao i sng cng ng dn a phng.

Ngun: BQL Vn Quc gia Ct Trang 79

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 33 : Bn hnh chnh vn Quc gia Ct Tin

Dn s: Theo s liu thng k, tnh ton hin nay c khong 20 vn ngi ang c tr v sinh sng trong vng. Tnh hnh dn sinh kinh t ca cc a phng trong vng c nh hng rt ln n vic qun l, bo v ti nguyn thin nhin ca Vn. 2.1.4.2. Tnh hnh s dng t ca VQGCT Kt qu iu tra, r sot hin trng cc loi t, loi rng ca VQG Ct Tin thng qua kim chng nh SPOTV nh sau:
Bng 27: Thng k din tch cc loi t, loi rng Vn quc gia Ct Tin STT I 1 1,1 1,2 1,3 2 II III 1 2 Loi t loi rng Tng din tch t nhin Din tch t c rng Rng t nhin Rng g Rng rt giu Rng giu Rng trung bnh Rng ngho Rng hn giao Rng hn giao g - l Rng hn giao l - g Rng l , tre na Rng trng t khng c rng t trng khng c ti sinh t trng c ti sinh t khc t nng nghip t khc Din tch (ha) 71.350 64.418 63.662 27.150 296 8.862 17.344 648 22.620 8.924 13.696 13.892 756 3.363 427 2.936 3.569 1.331 2.239 T l (%) 100 90,3 89,2 38,1 0,4 12,4 24,3 0,9 31,7 12,5 19,2 19,5 1,1 4,7 0,6 4,1 5,0 1,9 3,1

Ngun Phn vin iu tra quy hoch rng Nam b.

Cc hnh thc vi phm ph rng lm ry vn xy ra, do dn s trong vng gia tng, l cc x nm trong ranh gii VQG, cc x nm st ranh gii VQG v c ngi dn xm nhp VQG, khai thc ti nguyn, canh tc nng nghip, gy p lc ln cng tc qun l, bo v ti nguyn rng.
Bng 28: Danh sch cc t chc, h gia nh, c nhn ang s dng t ca VQGCT TT Tn t chc, h gia nh, c nhn ang s dng t Vn Quc gia Ct Tin a ch thng tr x Nam Ct Tin, huyn Tn Ph, tnh ng Nai S th t t bn S th t tha t Din tch s dng (m2) Mc ch s dng t bo tn ti nguyn ng thc vt rng

395.497.000

Trang 80

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Ngi dn ln chim Ngi dn sng trong Vn

p 4 x T Li, huyn Tn Ph, tnh ng Nai p 4 x c Lua, huyn Tn Ph, tnh ng Nai

473.000

Ln chim sn sut Nng lm nghip Sn sut Nng nghip

300.000

(Ghi ch: * Danh sch lp ring cho tng loi hnh s dng t ca nng lm trng: nhn khon t; mua vn cy, s dng t chung tri do mua n gia sc; thu t; mn t; ln chim t ai; tranh chp t ai; c nng lm trng giao t lm nh v vn cy, ao c).

1) Khu h thc vt a. Thnh phn loi Nghin cu v a dng sinh hc ca qun th rng Nam Ct Tin, ni d kin xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A, cho n nay, Vn Quc gia Ct Tin xc nh c 1.610 loi, 75 b, 162 h, 724 chi. Chia ra: Cy g ln: 176 loi. Cy g nh: 335 loi.Cy tiu mc (bi): 345 loi. Thm ti : 311. Dy leo: 238 loi. Thc vt ph sinh, k sinh: 143 loi. Khuyt thc vt: 62 loi. Cc loi cy g qy him (ngun gien qu him)
Bng 29 : Cc loi cy tm thy qun th rng Nam Ct Tin TT 1 2 3 4 Ngnh Ngnh Thng t (Lycopodiophyta) Ngnh dng x (Polypodiophyta) Ngnh Thng (Pinophyta) Ngnh ngc lan (Magnoliophyta) Tng cng Ngnh H u Fabaceae H T lan Orchidaceae H Thu du Eurphobiacear H C ph Rubiaceae H C Poaceae H Ci Cyperaceae H Long No lauraceae H C roi nga Verbenaceae H du tm Moraceae H Na Annonaceae H 2 17 20 123 162 Chi 46 45 34 36 43 9 13 11 6 19 Chi 5 5 11 703 724 Loi 11 50 8 1541 1610 Loi 133 118 96 92 72 55 42 42 40 38

Bng 30 : Danh snh 10 h thc vt c nhiu loi nht trong khu vc rng Ct Lc TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Cc loi thc vt c ghi nhn trong khu vc, ph dng sng ca chng c th hin nh sau: - Cy c tri trn cao>30m (Cy g ln Megaphanrophytes) c 196 loi. - Cy c tri trn cao t 8-30m (Cy g nh -Mesophanrophytes) c 375 loi.
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- Cy c tri trn cao t 2-8m (Cy bi -Microphanrophytes) c 385 loi. - Cy c tri trn cao t 0.25- 2m (Cy bi -Microphanrophytes) c 348 loi - Cc loi dy leo c 258 loi, chim 14,66% tng s loi c ghi nhn. - Cc loi thc vt ph sinh, k sinh c 143 loi. - Khuyt thc vt c 62 loi. H thc vt trong vng rt phong ph v tng i cao so vi cc vng khc Ty Nguyn. S loi thc vt bit trong qun th rng Nam Ct Tin l 1610, bng 21,2% tng s loi c mt ti Vit Nam v bng 69,7% s loi c mt ti min ng Nam B. bc h, c 162 h thc vt bc cao c mch bng 60% so vi tng s h c mt ti Vit Nam (270 h).
Bng 31 : So snh mc a dng thc vt qun th rng Nam Ct Tin vi cc khu bo tn thin nhin khc Ty Nguyn V tr Din tch H Chi Loi (ha) Vit Nam ng Nam B Chu Yang Sin Ngc Linh (Kon Tum) Khu BTTN Kon Ka King Qun th rng Nam Ct Tin Bi Doup-Ni B Ngc Linh (Qung Nam) 270 32 328 41 420 41 710 713500 73 912 18 430 142 156 131 162 126 122 475 537 452 724 288 260 7660 2229 876 874 652 1610 425 385

a dng v thc vt qun th rng Nam Ct Tin l kh cao so vi khu vc ph cn v cc a im khc Ty Nguyn. b. Tnh a dng v cc loi thc vt qu him Khu vc nghin cu l khu vc c gi tr a dng sinh hc cao ca Vit Nam Do c im a hnh thp, h sinh thi rng VQGCT c trng cho cc kiu h sinh thi rng ca cc tnh min ng Nam b m c trng l h sinh thi rng m nhit i thng xanh, vi cc loi cy g ch yu thuc h Du (Dipterocarpaceae), h u (Fabaceae) v h T vi (Lythraceae). Danh lc thc vt VQGCT xc nh c 1.610 loi thc vt bc cao c mch, 724 chi, 162 h, 75 b. Trong : cy g ln c 176 loi; cy g nh c 335 loi; cy bi c 345 loi; thm ti c 31 loi; dy leo c 238 loi; thc vt ph sinh, k sinh c 143 loi v khuyt thc vt c 62 loi. C 31 loi thc vt qu him c tn trong sch Vit Nam, 23 loi thc vt c ngun gen bn a - c hu VQG CT.

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Bng 32 : Danh sch cc loi thc vt qu him VQGCT STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Tn ph thng G G mt Mung en Cm lai B Ra Cm lai nam Cm lai ng nai Cm lai v Cm lai bng Cm lai en Cm lai Trc hoa nh Vy c Trc bm Cm lai dy Trc mt ht Cm xe Da Dng hng qu to Lan hong tho dt Cu tch Cm th Sn tuyt Vp nhiu hoa inh (thit inh) M tin M tin Thorel Li i Hong ng Chn chim bu dc Chn chim 8 l Song mt Tn khoa hc Afzelia xylocarpa Sindora siamea Cassia siamea Dalbergia bariensin Dalbergia cochinchinensis Dalbergia dongnaiensis Dalbergia mammosa Dalbergia olivieri Dalbergia nigresceus Dalbergia sp Dalbergia parviflora Dalbergia stipulacea Dalbergia entadoides Dalbergia rimosa Dalbergia cadenatensis Xylia xylocarpa Xylia xylocarpa var Kerrii Pterocarpus macrcarpus Dendrobium nobile Cibotium barometz Diospyros maritima Melanorrhoea laccifera Mesua floribunda Markhamia stipulata Strychnos nux vomica Strychnos thorelii Scaphium macropodium Fibraurea tinctoria Schefflera elliptica Schefflera octophylla Calamus platyacanthus N 18/HBT IIA IIA SVN V K V V V V E V V V V V V V V R R K R K V V V V V T K T T T V

IIA

IIA IA IIA

IIA

Bng 33 : Cc loi thc vt c ngun gen bn a - c hu VQG CT Tn ph thng Thin thin ng nai Thin thin (V tuyn) T ngc Hong tho Hng duyn Ngc vn sp Va ni khng l Hc nh trng Mao t Ct Tin Cch hoa sumatra C n Thorel Tn khoa hc Telectadium dongnaiensis Telectadium edules Dendrobium stuartii Dendrobium acerosum Dendrobium oligophyllum Dendrobium cerbidatum Vanilla aphylla Thunia alba Thrixspermum .sp Cleistanthus sumatranus Croton thorelli Trang 83

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12 U du thn ngn Cyperus brevicaulis 13 Kit tri t Carex hebecarpa 14 Xun tn maigay Swintonia maingayi 15 Th Hasselt Diospyros hasseltii 16 Da ng hnh Ficus consociata 17 Keo ng nai Acacia dongnaiensis 18 Chanh c ng nai Balearia dongnaiensis 19 Trm qut Sterculia hypochra 20 Ct mt ng nai Zollingeria dongnaiensis 21 Cm ng Nai Elaeocarpus dongnaiensis 22 Du bau Dipterrocapus dongnaiensis 23 Trang ng nai Ixonanthes dongnaiensis [Ngun: Danh lc thc vt rng, VQT CT,1999]

c. Cc kiu thm thc vt - Thm thc vt VQGCT c chia thnh 5 kiu chnh: Rng rm thng xanh nhit i m t b tc ng : u th l cc loi cy g thuc h Du (Dipterocarpaceae) nh: du ri (Dipterocarpus alatus), du lng (Dipterocarpus intricatus), cm lai b ra (Dalbergia bariensis), cm lai v (Dalbergia mammosa), g (Afzelia xylocarpa), ging hng (Pterocarpus macrocarpus), Rng thng xanh l rng ni trung bnh c phn b cao trn 900m l loi thm thc vt chim u th ti Qun th rng Nam Ct Tin. Loi rng ny chim a s bi cc loi cy l rng thuc cc h sau: Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Theaceae, Ericaceae, Myrtaceae v Araliaceae. Rng cy l rng thng xanh ni trung bnh thng phn thnh 3 tng. Theo cao c th chia thm thc vt ny ra cc ai tnh t cao so vi mt nc bin thp nht di 130m Ni Tng v cao nht 626m Ct Lc. Sng ng Nai di khong 90 km, bao quanh 1/3 chu vi ranh gii ca Vn to nn h thu vn phong ph v a dng. H bu khu trung tm khu vc Nam Ct Tin ni lin vi sng ng Nai bng con sui c Lua, cn chi tit cc ai xem trong ph lc Sinh thi. Rng l rng thng xanh na rng l: thnh phn cc loi cy g rng l trong ma kh nh: bng lng (Lagerstroemia calyculata), tung (Tetrameles nudiflora), rm (Anogeissus acuminata), Bao gm cc kiu rng thng xanh b suy thoi, rng ven sui b suy thoi, rng b suy thoi trn cc bnh nguyn, rng tre, bi rm c cy tha. Trong rng thng xanh b suy thoi v bi rm c cy tha chim din tch ng k. Rng thng xanh b suy thoi: Kiu sinh cnh ny c hnh thnh do nhng hot ng khng mang tnh bn vng ca con ngi, thng di hnh thc khai thc g. Tn rng che ph khng hon ton (tn ch che ph t 10 n 40%) v c nhiu nh sng cho tng di ca rng, khuyn khch s pht trin ca thm thc vt di tn. Khng c cc loi cy c gi tr kinh t cao v h thc vt b nhng loi mc nhanh v tin phong chim u th. Sinh cnh ny bao ph 32% din tch ca qun th rng Nam Ct Tin v ph bin nhng vng tip cn d dng c cao di 600 mt, gn khu dn c v nhng khu vc trc y c mt cao nhng loi c gi tr kinh t. Ti nhng vng khng b khai thc sau khi n g, cc loi cy mc nhanh v tin phong nh Mallotus apelta, Macaranga spp. v Trema orientalis
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chim u th trong thm thc vt. Cu trc ca sinh cnh ny kh phc tp v khng c s phn chia r rng gia cc tng rng. Tn cy ch che ph khong 80 n 90% Rng hn giao g, tre na: y l kiu ph th sinh nhn tc ca rng thng xanh v na rng l, do b la rng, cht c ho hc, rng b m tn v tre na xen vo. Rng tre na thun loi: y cng l kiu ph th sinh nhn tc, sau khi rng b ph lm nng ry b hoang ho, cc loi tre na xm nhp v pht trin. Thm thc vt t ngp nc: VQGCT c h t ngp nc kh phong ph, nm khu trung tm ca khu Nam Ct Tin, c din tch rng khong hn 3.000 ha vo ma ma v thu hp khong 100 150 ha vo ma kh. y l ni su nht ca cc bu nh Bu Su, Bu Chim, Bu C. Thm thc vt t ngp nc l sinh cnh thch hp ca loi c su xim, cc loi ng thc vt thu sinh, cc loi chim nc, cc loi c nc ngt, cc loi th ln cng thng qun c khu vc ny vo ma kh hng nm. H t ngp nc Bu Su c vai tr v chc nng quan trng i vi kinh t x hi v mi trng ca hn 50 vn ngi sng dc lu vc sng ng Nai. Cht lng nc tt, nc trung tnh, c kh nng s dng c. Ngy 04/08/2005, Ban Th k Cng c Ramsar Quc t ti Gland, Switzerland cng nhn vng t ngp nc Bu Su c tm quan trng quc t, l vng t ngp nc th 1499 ca th gii theo danh sch Ramsar, v l khu Ramsar th 2 ca Vit Nam. Trng c cy bi: l loi hnh c to ra t s thoi ho ca rng thng xanh. Trng cy bi bao gm cc trng thi c bn sau: - Loi bi a sng, gm c cc loi Mua lng (Melastoma villosum), Ngi (Ficus hispida), S t (Dillenia hookeri), Me rng (Phyllanthus emblica), Phn en (Phyllanthus af. Parvifolius), Ct Kh (Tephrosiavogelii). Bi rm c cy tha: Loi ny bao gm khu rng nh b c lp v nhng vng bi rm v c c nhng cy thn g ri rc. Loi sinh cnh ny chim 21% din tch ca qun th rng Nam Ct Tin. y l nhng khu vc canh tc trc y. Cc loi cy bi gm c Melastoma spp., Rhodomyrtus tamentosa v Dodonea viscosa. Mt vi cy nh thuc loi Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae v Verbeneceae cng xut hin y. Nu khng b tc ng, mt vi khu vc ca sinh cnh ny c th ti sinh t nhin thnh rng th sinh. - Dy leo trn, gm cc loi: n Chu Chu (Aralia armata), Th Phc Linh (Smilax glara), H Th (Streptocaulon griffthii), Bm Bm (Ipomea rubracoerulea), Ct Qa (Gymnopetalum cochinchinensis) - C thn tho, vi u hp chim u th l Lau (Saccharum spontaneum), sau n C L Tre (Panicum sarmentosum), C ui Chn (Setaria af. Bacbata), Ring Gi (Alpinia conchigera), C Lo (Eupatorium odoratum) Trng Tre Na: l loi rng th sinh phn mng ri rc trong vng nghin cu, phn b ch yu trn cc khu t rng b khai thc. Rng st, l nhng mng rng th sinh cn kit, c din tch khng ng k. Cy g cn st li phn b ri rc trn cc vng t trng, ang trong qu trnh b khai ph sn xut Nng nghip.

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Ngoi ra cn c Thm thc vt cy Nng nghip dc theo trin sng l h thc vt nc chy v thm thc vt cy n qu, cy Nng nghip. Cc loi cy nng nghip ch yu gm c cc loi la, khoai, sn. d. Cc khu bo tn thin nhin Trong phm vi lu vc cm cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 v ln cn c mt s khu bo tn thin nhin v Vn Quc gia (xem hnh bn v ph lc Sinh thi). 2) Khu h ng vt a. Thnh phn loi Theo kt qu nghin cu h ng vt Qun th rng Nam Ct Tin l c tng s 1521 loi, bao gm 113 loi th, 351 loi chim, 109 loi b st, 41 loi lng c v 756 loi cn trng, 159 loi c.
Bng 34 : a dng cc taxon th VQG CT STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nhm phn loi Cn trng C Lng c B st Chim Th Tng cng B 9 11 2 4 18 11 55 H 68 34 6 17 64 29 218 Loi 756 159 41 109 351 105 1.521 Cc loi qu him 2 8 3 20 31 39 103

So snh khu h ng vt Qun th rng Ct Tin vi mt s vng ph cn khc cho thy mc a dng v thnh phn loi nh sau:
Bng 35 : So snh mc a dng ca cc loi th, chim, b st v bm gia cc khu bo tn vng Ty Nguyn Cc loi Cc loi b st Cc loi cn V tr Cc loi chim th v lng c trng Bi Doup-Ni B 93 154 N/A N/A Chu Yang Sin 49 203 44 N/A Kon Ka King 42 160 51 209 Qun th rng Nam Ct Tin 105 351 150 756 Ngc Linh (Kon Tum) 52 190 63 236 Ngc Linh (Qung Nam) 51 171 40 N/A

Trong khu vc xung quanh lng h d kin, cng pht hin c mt s loi thc vt, ng vt qu him c trong trong sch Vit Nam, nh cc bng sau: Cc loi th cn c quan tm bo tn - Th: Gm 103 loi thuc 29 h, 11 b, trong c 25 loi c tn trong Sch Vit Nam (Hin VQG ch cn 3-5 c th t gic v c bo v, bo tn nghim ngt) Nhng loi th qu him qun th rng Nam Ct tin

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Bng 36 : Cc loi th cn c quan tm bo tn


TT Tn ph thng Tn khoa hc

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Cynopterus brachyotis IB R Rhinolophus borneensis R Myotis rosseti LR/nt Myotis siligorensis R Cynocephalus variegatus IB R Nycticebus pygmaeus IB V VU Macaca arctoides IIB V VU Macaca fascicularis IIB LR/nt Macaca mulatta IIB LR/nt Macaca nemestrina IIB V VU Rygathryx nigripes IB EN Hylobates gabriellae IB VU Cuon alpinus IIB E VU Ursus thibetanus IB E VU Ursus malayanus IB E DD Aonyx cinerea IB V LR/nt Lutra perspicillata IB V VU Arctictis binturong V Prionodon pardicolor IIB R Vivera megaspila IIB E Vivera tainguensis IIB V Catopuma temminckii IB E LR/nt Pardofelis nebulosa IB V VU Panthera tigris IB E EN Prionailurus bengalensis IB Prionailurus viverrinus R LR/nt Elephas maximus IB V EN Rhinocerossondaicus 29 T gic mt sng VN+* IB E CR annamiticus 30 Mang ln Megamuntiacus vuquangensis IB V 31 Cheo cheo nam dng Tragulus javanicus V * 32 B tt Bos gaurus IB E VU 33 B rng Bos javanicus IB V EN 34 Sn dng Naemorhedus sumatraensis IB V VU 35 T t Java Manis javanica IB LR/nt 36 Sc bay ln Petaurista philippensis IIB 39 Nhm ui ngn Hystrix brachyura VU Ghi ch: (*) Loi cn c bit u tin bo tn VQG Ct Tin EN=Nguy cp; VU=Sp b nguy; DD=Cha thng s theo tiu chun ca IUCN (1996); NE= Khng c nh gi; EI=c hu i vi khu vc ng Dng.

Di ch tai ngn* Di l sa en* Di r xt* Di tai s cao* Chn di Cu li nh Kh mt Kh ui di Kh vng Kh ui ln Ch v chn en* Vn m vng* Si Gu nga* Gu ch * Ri c vut b Ri c lng mt Cy mc Cy gm Cy ging m ln Cy ging ty nguyn+ Beo la Bo gm H* Mo rng Mo c Voi*

N 18 /HBT

SVN

IUCN

b. Khu h chim Chim: gm 348 loi thuc 64 h ca 18 b. Trong c 31 loi qu him c pht hin v c tn trong Sch Vit Nam.

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Bng 37: Danh sch cc loi chim qu him VQG Ct Tin TT Tn ph thng Tn khoa hc 1 C rn* Anhinga melanogaster 2 C lo n Mycteria leucocephala 3 Hc c trng Ciconia episcopus 4 C Chu Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus 5 Gi y Java Leptoptilos javanicus * 6 C qum cnh xanh Pseudibis papillosa 7 Le khoang c Nettapus coromandelianus * 8 Ngan cnh trng Cairina scutulata 9 Diu c u xm Icthyophaga ichthiaetus 10 Diu c b Icthyophaga humilis 11 Ct nh hng trng Polihierax insignis 12 G so ngc g* Arborophila charltoni 13 G so c hung* Arborophila davidi 14 Cng* Pavo multicus imperator * 15 G tin mt Polyplectron germaini * 16 G li vn Lophura nycthemera annamensis 17 G li hng ta* Lophura diardi 18 Su c tri Grus antigone 19 C ln rng Phodilus badius 20 D d phng ng Ketupa zeylonensis orientalis 21 Yn hng Collocalia fuciphaga 22 Yn ni Collocalia brevirostris 23 S m rng Halcycon capensis 24 S hung Halcycon coromanda * 25 Hng hong Buceros bicornis 26 Nic m vn Aceros undulatus 27 M rng xanh Psarisomus dalhousiae 28 M rng en Corydon sumatranus 29 ui ct bng Pitta nympha 30 ui ct bng vn Pitta eliiotii 31 Rng rc vng Ploceus hypoxantus LR/nt Ghi ch : VU=Sp b nguy ; NT=Sp b e do theo T chc bo tn chim Quc t (2000) ; RRS=Loi c phn b hp theo Stattersfield et al. 1998 ; NE=Khng c nh gi. N 18 SVN IUCN /HBT LR/nt R LR/nt IIB R E R IB V VU T V EN IIB LR/nt IIB LR/nt LR/nt IB LR/nt IB E CR IB R VU IB T VU IB T IB T LR/nt IB VU IIB T T T R T R T T T R R VU T

c. B st v lng c Kt qu kho st ti qun th vn Quc gia Ct Tin cho thy c tng s 79 loi b st lng c gm 23 loi b st thuc 17 h v phn h, (ph lc Sinh thi) trong c 4 b, 23 loi c tn trong Sch Vit Nam, nh: C Su Xim, Trn gm, Trn en, b e do ton cu (theo tiu chun ca IUCN 1996). - B st: Gm 79 loi thuc 17 h v phn h, - Lng th: Gm 41 loi thuc 6 h v 2 b

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Bng 38 : Cc loi b st qu him ti qun th rng Kon Plng Theo tiu chun Theo tiu chun Ch thch Tn khoa hc ca IUCN (1996) ca Anon. (1992) Acanthosaura crucigera Loi c phn b hp Varanus salvator V Python molurus NT V Naja naja T Ophiophagus hannah E Platysternon DD R megacephalum Indotestudo elongata VU V Manouria impressa VU V Bufo galeatus R Philautus adbitus Loi c phn b hp Polypedates feae T Rhacophorus bipuNc Loi c phn b hp Chtatus Ghi ch: VU=Sp b nguy; DD=Thiu thng s; NT=Gn b e do theo tiu chun ca IUCN (1996); E=Nguy cp; V=Sp b nguy; R=Him; T=B e do theo Anon (1992). Bng 39 : Cc loi c b st, ch nhi c hu ca Vit Nam c mt VQG CT STT Tn ph thng Tn khoa hc 1 Thch sng ngn vn lng Cyrtodactylus irregularis 2 Cc mt trung gian Megophrys intermedius 3 Nhi bu trung b Microhyla annamensis

- C: Gm trn 159 loi, thuc 34 h, trong c 10 loi mi cho Vit Nam, 1 loi nm trong Sch ca IUCN (c mn hay cn gi l c rng), 8 loi ca Sch Vit Nam nh c lng b, c chi, c lng nha, c lc bng, c rng,
Bng 40 : Danh sch cc loi c qu him VQG Ct Tin STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Tn ph thng C lng b C t mi C lng nha C lc bng C mn C may C cm C dung xanh Tn khoa hc Bagarius bagarius Morulius chrysophekadion Hemibagrus elongatus Ophiocephalus micropeltes Scleropages formusus Gyrinocheilus aymonieri Notopterus chitala Cosmocheilus harmandi N 18 /HBT SVN V T V T E R T T IUCN GT - EN

IB

- Cn trng: iu tra c 756 loi (trong c 457 loi bm), pht hin 59 loi mi cho Vit Nam, 2 loi ph mi cho khoa hc. Nhiu loi cn trng khc thu mu nhng cha nh danh c v thiu ti liu v thiu chuyn gia. Cn trng c trong danh lc sch VQG Ct Tin: C 5 loi trong : 1 loi cnh cng l loi B hung 3 sng Chalcosoma atlas Linnacus thuc h B hung Searabacidae (Coleoptera), c th c kch thc ln, mu en bng, con c phn u v ngc trc c ba sng di.
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4 loi thuc b cnh vy (Lepidoptera): + Troides helena ceberus (C&R.Felder) (Papilionidae) loi ny c kch thc ln, cnh trc c mu en, cnh sau mu vng, c chm en. Chng thng bay, u trn cc cy cao c hoa. + Kallima albofaseiata Moore (Nmphalidae) loi ny thng hot ng trong rng rm hay sui cn. + Zeuxidia masoni Moore (Amathusiidae) sng trong rng. Loi ny Ct Tin v mt s ni khc ca Vit Nam. + Stichophthalma uemurai (Amathusidae), bm ln sng rng rm. Cn trng c hu: Nhng loi ln u tin pht hin Vit Nam chng ti cho rng khng phi l nhng loi c hu Ct Tin c th l nhng loi cha xc nh c tn loi, mi ch xc nh c ging nh Cicindela spp. (Cicindelidae, Coleoptera) c n 5 loi, Orthogonius spp. c 2 loi, Megalodes sp., Scraites sp., Mastax sp., pterosticus sp., Chlaenius sp. (Carabidae, Coleoptera), Sagra spp. (Chrysomelidae), Synapsis sp. (Scarabacidae), nhiu mu vt thuc h xn tc (Cerambycidae), h b ci (Elateridae) cha xc nh c ging v loi. c bit l b cnh cng (Coleoptera) ln u trin thu c mu vt ti B Sa (1 mu), Tin Hong (1 mu) cha xc nh c h, mu ny c cu to ru rt khc vi cc mu cc loi cn trng khc (t cui c dng nh bo lc bnh) kch thc c th nh (khong trn di 1cm), mu en. cnh na (Heteroptera) c nhiu loi cha phn loi c: Brassivola sp, Edocla sp, Endocus sp, Sastrapada sp. (Reduviidae), Dolycoris sp. (Pentatomidae), Fitha sp. (Scutelleridae), Arocatus sp, Petalochis sp. (Lygaeidae). B cnh ging (Homoptera) c nhng loi ng ch cha phn loi c nh ve su u xanh Fulgora sp. (Fulgoridae), Platyloma sp. (Cicadidae) cha xc nh c loi.

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Ngun: BQL Vn Quc gia Ct Tin

Hnh 34: Bn thm thc vt rng quc gia Ct Tin

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Ngun: BQL Vn Quc gia Ct Tin Hnh 35: Bn hin trng rng - Vn Quc gia Ct Tin

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

2.1.5. nh gi chung v iu kin t nhin X hi rng ca VQGCT:

Ngun: BQL Vn Quc gia Ct Tin

To a l:

11o2050 11o5020 v Bc 107o0905 107o3520 kinh ng

Phm vi ranh gii: + Pha Bc v Ty Bc gip tnh c Lc v tnh Bnh Phc; + Pha Nam gip Cng ty Lm nghip La Ng ( ng Nai); + Pha ng c ranh gii l sng ng Nai, gip tnh Lm ng; + Pha Ty gip Lm trng Vnh An ( ng Nai). Cc kiu a hnh : - Kiu a hnh ni cao, sn dc : Ch yu pha Bc Vn Quc gia Ct Tin. cao so vi mt nc bin t 200- 600m, dc 15-200, c ni trn 300. a hnh l cc dng sn dc, phn b gia thung lng sng , sui v dng nh bng phng. Mc chia ct phc tp v cng l u ngun ca cc sui nh chy ra sng ng Nai. - Kiu a hnh trung bnh sn t dc: pha Ty Nam Vn Quc gia Ct Tin. cao so vi mt nc bin t 200 - 300m, dc 15 -200, chia ct cao. y l vng thng ngun ca nhiu con sui ln chy ra sng ng Nai nh sui aklua, atapok - Kiu a hnh i thp, bng phng: pha ng Nam Vn Quc gia Ct Tin. cao so vi mt nc bin 130-150m, dc 5-70. chia ct tha. - Kiu a hnh bc thm sng ng Nai v dng i bt p tip gip m h: cao so vi mt nc bin 130m, chy dc theo sng ng Nai v vng ven sng ng Nai pha Ty Bc Vn t khu vc gip ranh Bnh Phc- ng Nai n T Li, b rng khong 1.000m. - Kiu a hnh thm sui xen k vi h m: cao so vi mt nc bin thp hn 130m, nh cc bu nc: Bu C, Bu Chim, Bu Su.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

H thng sng sui Sng ng Nai l ranh gii t nhin bao bc pha Bc, pha Ty v pha ng Vn Quc gia Ct Tin vi chiu di khong 90 km, sng rng trung bnh khong 100 m, lu lng nc bnh qun khong 405m3/giy. Mc nc cao nht 8,03m, mc nc trung bnh 5m. Ma kit 2 - 3m. pha Bc, Ty Bc v phn pha ng t Bn c n T li thuyn my c th i li c. Trong Vn Quc gia Ct Tin c nhiu h sui ln nh: - aleh, a Rsoui, a MBri (khu vc Lc Bc). - a Dim bo, a Thai, a Ce Nac, a Nhor ( khu vc Ct Lc). - a Louha, a Bitt, a Bao, a Tapoh, a Sameth ( khu vc Nam Ct Tin). Cc h sui u chy ra sng ng Nai. Ton b din tch ca Vn Quc gia Ct Tin l lu vc trc tip ca h thy in Tr An. Phn pha Nam ca Vn l lu vc tip gip h. Do a hnh tng i bng phng, lng ma nhiu nn thng gy ra ngp ng nht l khu vc sui aklua. Trn cc h sui chnh thng c nc vo ma kh, cn phn thng ngun v cc sui nhnh, mt s sui nh ngn thng kh hn. Ma ma nc dng cao trong cc chn ni v thung lng khu vc Ct Lc v ngp trn trn din tch kh ln khu vc kh bng phng khu vc Nam Ct Tin. H bu c din tch nc ngp 2.500ha vo ma ma v thu hp li khong 100 - 150ha vo ma kh, y cng l ni su nht ca cc Bu: Bu C, Bu Chim, Bu Su. c im thy vn Vn Quc gia Ct Tin bao gm sng, sui, thc, gnh, thung lng, bu, m ly v cc vng bn ngp nc u hin din Vn Quc gia Ct Tin lm tng gi tr v tnh a dng sinh hc v tn to cnh quan thin nhin ca Vn Quc gia Ct Tin. 2.1.5.1. Thu li v cp nc Tt c cc im dn c sng trong Vn u khng c h thng cung cp nc sch, khong 80% ngi dn s dng ging cho sinh hot gia nh. Cho n nay vn cha c xt nghim v cht lng nc cc thn. Trong vng khng c thy li, vic canh tc ch yu da vo ngun nc tri. 2.1.5.2. Tnh hnh giao thng Nhn chung c s h tng giao thng trong vng c ci thin nh s h tr ca cc d n nh: D n 135, D n vng m, D n bo tn Vn Quc gia Ct Tin. Mng li ng s tng i u khp c th tip cn vi Vn k c trong v ngoi ranh gii Vn. Tuy nhin vn cn mt s ni ch i li c vo ma kh. Hu nh tt c cc thn u n c bng xe, t nht l bng xe my, c nhng ng mn dn n cc thn rt su trong Vn nh thn 4, thn 5. Vic s dng cc con ng mn ny c tc ng rt ln n sinh cnh ca cc loi ng vt hoang d v gy phn cch v mt sinh thi. Sng ng Nai thng c dng lm ng vn ti, tuy nhin ch c th i li mt s on do c nhiu ghnh thc. 2.1.5.3. Hot ng khai thc lm sn
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

a s cc ngi dn sinh sng ch yu nh vo cc sn phm nng nghip. Vo nhng thi v nng nhn hoc mt ma, mt s ngi vo rng khai thc lm sn, sn bt, by chim, th rng - Nhn chung, i sng ngi dn cn thp c v kinh t v vn ho, vic nh c ca h cha tht s n nh. Nhng ngi ny khng c quyn s hu t khu vc h ang nhng c xem nh nhng c dn nh c hp php trn thc t. 2.1.5.4. Gia tng dn s v sc p ln ti nguyn rng Theo bo co hin trng nm 2009 ca Vn Quc gia Ct Tin trn a bn 36 x, th trn ca 8 huyn thuc 4 tnh: ng Nai, Bnh Phc, Lm ng v c Nng. C khong 17 vn ngi ang c tr v sinh sng trong vng li v m. Trong , c khong 3.950 ngi ang sinh sng trong Vn. Khong 81% trong s ny sng ven ba rng, nhng c 5 lng sng tch bit su bn trong Vn. Nhng ngi ny khng c quyn s hu t khu vc h ang nhng c xem nh nhng c dn nh c hp php trn thc t. Nguyn nhn tng dn s ch yu l tng c hc do nn di c t do t ni khc n nh ng bo Chu M t huyn B ng tnh Bnh Phc. c bit l mt s ng bo dn tc Ty, Nng, Dao t vng ni pha Bc n lm cho tnh hnh dn s lun bin ng, an ninh trt t x h khng m bo gy sc p to ln n vic qun l, bo v ti nguyn thin nhin ca Vn.
Bng 41: Thng k din tch cc loi t, loi rng Vn quc gia Ct Tin STT I 1 1,1 1,2 1,3 2 II III 1 2 Loi t loi rng Tng din tch t nhin Din tch t c rng Rng t nhin Rng g Rng rt giu Rng giu Rng trung bnh Rng ngho Rng hn giao Rng hn giao g - l Rng hn giao l - g Rng l , tre na Rng trng t khng c rng t trng khng c ti sinh t trng c ti sinh t khc t nng nghip t khc Din tch (ha) 71.350 64.418 63.662 27.150 296 8.862 17.344 648 22.620 8.924 13.696 13.892 756 3.363 427 2.936 3.569 1.331 2.239 T l (%) 100 90,3 89,2 38,1 0,4 12,4 24,3 0,9 31,7 12,5 19,2 19,5 1,1 4,7 0,6 4,1 5,0 1,9 3,1

Ngun Phn vin iu tra quy hoch rng Nam b.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 42: Danh sch cc t chc, h gia nh, c nhn ang s dng t STT Tn t chc, h gia nh, c nhn ang s dng t a ch thng tr S th t t bn S th t tha t Din tch s dng (m2) Mc ch s dng t

x Nam Ct bo tn ti Tin, huyn nguyn Vn Quc gia 395.497.000 Tn Ph, 1 Ct Tin ng thc tnh ng vt rng Nai p 4 x T Ln chim Li, huyn Ngi dn ln sn sut 473.000 Tn Ph, 2 Nng chim tnh ng nghip Nai p 4 x c Lua, huyn Sn sut Ngi dn sng 3 Tn Ph, 300.000 Nng trong Vn tnh ng nghip Nai (Ghi ch: * Danh sch lp ring cho tng loi hnh s dng t ca nng lm trng: nhn khon t; mua vn cy, s dng t chung tri do mua n gia sc; thu t; mn t; ln chim t ai; tranh chp t ai; c nng lm trng giao t lm nh v vn cy, ao c).

2.1.5.5. Thun li Vn Quc gia Ct Tin nm gia 2 vng sinh hc a l chuyn tip t vng cao nguyn Trng Sn xung vng ng bng Nam b, do vy hi t cc lung h thc vt, h ng vt phong ph v a dng, c trng cho h sinh thi rng m nhit i thng xanh ca cc tnh min ng Nam b, Vit Nam, rt c ngha trong vic bo tn ngun gen ng thc vt qu him trong vng. 2.1.5.6. Kh khn Vn Quc gia Ct Tin do nhng c th khi thnh lp, nn gm 2 vng ring bit v c khong cch kh xa nhau (6 15 km) l Ct Lc v Ct Tin. Do , c nhng kh khn nht nh trong qun l bo v v vic di tr cc loi ng vt rng, nht l nhng loi th ln trong ni b Vn. 2.1.5.7. D bo nhu cu v bo tn v bo v mi trng sinh thi VQG Ct Tin c cng nhn l Khu d tr sinh quyn th 411 v Khu Ramsar th 1.499 ca th gii, do vy cc nhu cu v bo tn: Duy tr cc sinh cnh rng t nhin, cc u hp thc vt c trng ca vng ng Nam b v t ngp nc trc sc p ca s gia tng dn s, bin i kh hu. Bo v mi trng sng cho cc loi th qu him ln c VQG Ct Tin ang b suy gim v s lng nh voi, t gic. Cc loi b tt, c su nc ngt ang pht trin n nh, cn to mi trng tt pht trin v s lng.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Vic thnh lp Khu bo tn thin nhin v di tch Vnh Cu gp phn m rng phm vi hot ng ca cc loi ng vt hoang d, thun li cho cng tc bo tn. VQG Ct Tin c vai tr cc k quan trng i vi chc nng phng h u ngun, iu tit ngun nc ca sng ng Nai v an ninh mi trng ca vng kinh t trng im vng ng Nam b. 2.1.5.8. D bo nhu cu s dng t Din tch t trng cy nng nghip, iu thu hi, t d n di di ti nh c ti cc x Gia Vin (Thn Klo-Kich), x Tin Hong (Khu vc Thung C, thn 6), x Phc Ct 2 (Thn Phc Sn, Thn 3, Thn 4) ca huyn Ct Tin, tnh Lm ng; X ng H (khu vc a Bng Cua, thn 1, 2, 3) ca huyn B ng, tnh Bnh Phc, x c Lua (khu vc p 4/ Cu St) ca huyn Tn Ph, tnh ng Nai s a vo trng rng bng cc loi cy g ln, bn a tng che ph ca rng VQG Ct Tin. t cho xy dng c s h tng ti phn khu hnh chnh - dch v pht trin du lch v ngh dng, t m cc tuyn ng phc v tun tra, bo v rng v pht trin du lch thc hin theo ni dung Quyt nh s 104/Q- BNN ngy 27 thng 12 nm 2007 ca B Nng nghip v Pht trin Nng thn ban hnh quy ch qun l cc hot ng du lch sinh thi ti cc vn quc gia, khu bo tn thin nhin. ngh thu hi din tch t trng iu trong phm vi VQG ti x ng Nai Thng - huyn Ct Tin trng cy g ln, bn a thun tin cho cng tc qun l, bo v rng Vic xy dng cc nh my thy in ng Nai 6, ng Nai 6A: Din tch VQG b ngp bi lng h thy in l 137,5 ha, gm vng ngp lng h ca nh my thy in ng Nai 6 l 86,52 ha, vng ngp lng h ca nh my thy in ng Nai 6A l 50,55 ha. 2.1.5.9. Tc ng ca bin i kh hu ton cu Theo d bo ca y ban lin chnh ph v bin i kh hu, Vit Nam l mt trong 5 nc s chu nh hng nng n ca bin i kh hu v mc nc bin dng. Theo kch bn bin i kh hu, mc nc bin dng cho Vit Nam do B Ti nguyn v Mi trng xy dng v cng b vo thng 6/2009 cho thy, vo cui th k 21, nhit trung bnh nm nc ta tng khong 2,30C; tng lng ma nm v lng ma ma tng trong khi lng ma ma kh li gim xung. Nh vy, do nh hng ca bin i kh hu ton cu, iu kin thi tit v kh hu khu vc VQG Ct Tin cng s chu nh hng. Lng ma vo ma ma y s tng ln v ko theo l tnh trng l lt, xi l b sng, ph hy ng tun tra. Ma kh s ko di v khc lit hn, do nguy c chy rng, thiu nc cho cng tc cha chy v nc ung cho ng vt vo ma kh s gia tng. 2.1.5.10. nh gi v a dng sinh hc khu vc d n: Cc phng n tuyn p trong d n thy in ng Nai 6 nm st ranh gii khu vc Ct lc, VQGCT, Pha bc ca h thy in ng Nai 6 l rng phng h thuc vng m VQGCT. Bn phi tuyn p l vng m VQGCT nm x ng Nai, hun B ng, tnh Bnh Phc v x Hng Bnh, huyn k Rlp, tnh k Nng.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bn tri cc tuyn p l vng li VQGCT, thuc x Phc Ct 2 v x ng Nai thng, huyn Ct Tin, tnh Lm ng. Mc a dng sinh hc qun th rng Nam Ct Tin c nh gi kh cao so vi s liu ghi nhn c nm khu bo tn thin nhin khc Ty Nguyn. Vin quy hoch Thy li min Nam lm vic vi Ban qun l vn Quc gia Ct Tin v c cung cp ti liu v a dng sinh hc v qua ti liu TM giai on bo co u t ca cng ty xy dng c phn in 1, sau cng phi hp vi Vin k thut bin - Vin khoa hc thy li Vit Nam tin hnh t kho st thng 2 nm 2010 khu vc d n thu in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A. v qua thuyt minh d n u t T-N6 ca Cng ty c phn t vn xy dng in 4 m ch u t cung cp, kt qu nh sau: 1) Thc vt: Do tnh a dng v a hnh thp, h sinh thi rng VQGCT c trng cho cc kiu h sinh thi rng ca cc tnh min ng Nam b m c trng l h sinh thi rng m nhit i thng xanh, vi cc loi cy g ch yu thuc h Du (Dipterocarpaceae), h u (Fabaceae) v h T vi (Lythraceae). Trong khu vc d n thy in ng Nai 6, thng k c cng d n c 1610 loi thc vt, bc cao c mch thuc 75 b, 159 h v 701 chi.Thnh phn loi thc vt chim u th thuc v h u Fabaceae v h T Lan Orchidaceae. Trong s 159 h thng k c khu vc c 10 h c s loi nhiu nht gm: h u c s loi nhiu nht vi 133 loi thuc 46 chi, th 2 l h T Lan vi 118 loi thuc 45 chi, tip n l h Thu du vi 96 loi thuc 34 chi..v h dc xp th 10 l h Na vi 38 loi thuc 19 chi. Cc loi thc vt c ghi nhn trong khu vc, ph dng sng ca chng c th hin nh sau: - Cy c chi trn cao>30m(Cy g ln-Magaphanerophytes)c 375 loi. - Cy c chi trn cao t 8-30m(Cy g nh Mesophanerophytes) c 196 loi. - Cy c chi trn cao t 2-8m( cy bi-Microphanerophytes) c 375 loi. - Cy c chi trn cao t 0,25-2m(cy bi-Mocrophanephytes) c 348 loi. - Cc loi dy leo c 258 loi, chim 14,66% tng s loi ghi nhn - Cc loi thc vt ph sinh, k sinh c 143 loi. - Khuyt thc vt c 62 loi. Thm thc vt, h thc vt Trong khu vc d n thy in ng Nai 6 c 5 kiu thm thc vt chnh ,gm: Rng kn thng xanh ma ma nhit i : - Rng kn thng xanh ma nhit i trn t thp: Rng kn thng xanh ven sng sui thng phn b dc theo con sng, sui ln trong vng lu vc, thm thc vt rng trong kiu ph ny l nhng qun x thc vt a m. - Rng kn thng xanh ma ma nhit i ni thp :Kiu thm thc vt rng kn thng xanh ni thp .Cu trc ca kiu rng ny thng c 3 tng cy g .Cc h thc vt c trng l h Re, D, h Mc Lan, h Cm, h Xoan, h Du, h u, h Kim giao.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Rng tre na : Loi hnh rng ny cng c hnh thnh di tc ng ca con ngi thng trn t b b hoang sau khi lm nng ry. t trng sau nng ry c iu kin nh sng ph hp nn cc loi tre pht trin nhanh.Ch yu l cc loi tre, l , mun, tre gai, tre La Ng .Cc loi cy g phn b ri rc, c tr lng khng ng k v hu ht l cc loi cy g a sng mc nhanh nh: Ba soi, Cm, i phong t, cc loi a, si Rng hn giao, th nhn sinh tc: y l loi rng hnh thnh di tc ng ca con ngi .Rng nguyn sinh b tc ng, xut hin nhiu khong trng c nhiu nh sng nn cc loi tre xm nhp vo. Nguyn nhn c th so nh hng cht ha hc trong chin tranh, hoc con ngi khai thc g.Tre na mc tha, cn cy g i khi cng c loi c kch thc ln, cc loi cy g ph bin y l: Bng lng, Tng, Trai, Du mt, Sn huyt, D , D ci, Cm lai. Cc cy con ti sinh thng gp Sng, Cng, Hi mc. Kiu ny pht trin trn vng i ni thp v cao, c hnh thnh sau tc ng ca con ngi trn loi t ch yu l t xm bc trn ph sa c v t nu trn sa phim thch. Trng thi hn giao v l . Nhn chung, rng c 2 tng r rt: Tng cy g ln: Cao t 15-25 m, gm cy g ln ca rng giu cn st li v phn b ri rc. Ty theo ngun gc rng nguyn sinh v mc tc ng, loi cy trong tng rng c khc nhau. Ph bin cc loi cy g tng ny c th gp:Cy, Go, Di nga, i, C MaiNgoi ra cn c mt s loi cy g c gi tr nh:Bng lng, du lng, Du di, i, C maiNgoi ra, cn c mt s loi cy g c gi tr nh: Bng Lng, Du long, Du ri, Cm lai vxut hin ri rc trong trng thi ny.. Tng cy g nh: gm cy g v l mc hn giao, cao 7-12m, cy g vi s u th ca cc loi: Sung, Xoi rng, Ba, Lng mang. Tng cy bi:Thng mc ri rc, mt s loi nh Tam lang, Mycao t 2-5m Thm ti: Gm c mt s loi Rong, Ring, Le, Dng Xcao 0,5-1m Dy leo: Trung qun, Chc chu, Dy, Dy kim cang. Trng c v cy bi: Trng c v cy bi trong khu vc d n thng gp cc loi cy nh Sim, Mua, Ba Soi. t nng nghip Cc loi cy trng nng nghip ch yu y l: La nc, Rau mu, Sn

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nh 1: Rng thng xanh khu vc Ct Lc

nh 2: Rng tre na ven sng ng Nai

nh 3: Rng hn giao ven sng ng Nai

nh 4: Thm cy trng nng nghip ven sng ng Nai

nh 5: Trng c khu vc ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A Ngun: Nhm TM i thc a chp nm 2010

nh 6: Rng vng li vn quc gia

Hnh 36: Mt s hnh nh v cc kiu thm thc vt khu vc d n Trang 100

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

2) ng vt: thng k c khu vc nghin cu c 358 loi ng vt c xng sng trn cn, gm: Th: khu vc nghin cu c 66 loi th thuc 30 h v 10 b. Trong b n tht c s loi nhiu nht vi 18 loi ca 6 h, th hai l b gm nhm vi 17 loi ca 4 h. Cc b c s loi t nht l: Cnh da, Guc l, T t vi 1 loi ca 1 h. ng ch l loi t gic 1 sng phn b khu vc Ct Lc. Chim: khu vc nghin cu c 184 loi thuc 49 h v 18 b. Trong b s c s loi nhiu nht vi 90 loi ca 24 h, th hai l b S vi 13 loi ca 5 h. Cc b: Chim ln, B nng c s loi t nht vi 1 loi ca 1 h. ng ch l cc loi thuc b G c nhiu loi c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t. ch nhi: khu vc nghin cu c 31 loi thuc 6 h v 2 b. Trong b khng ui c s loi nhiu nht vi 30 loi ca 5 h v b khng chn c s loi t nht vi 1 loi ca 1 h. B st: thng k c khu vc nghin cu c 77 loi thuc 19 h v 2 b. Trong c b C vy c s loi nhiu nht vi 41 loi ca 10 h v b Ra c s loi t nht vi 5 loi ca 3 h. * Cc loi ng vt c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t: Trong s 358 loi ng vt c xng sng trn cn ghi nhn c khu vc d n c 50 loi c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t. Trong c 46 loi c ghi trong Sch Vit Nam (2007) v 28 loi c ghi trong Danh Lc IUCN (2007) + V th: c 26 loi c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t. Trong c 24 loi c ghi trong Sch Vit Nam (2007) v 14 loi c ghi trong Danh Lc IUCN (2007). + V chim: c 10 loi c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t. Trong c 9 loi c ghi trong Sch Vit Nam (2007) v 9 loi c ghi trong Danh Lc IUCN (2007). + V ch nhi: c 3 loi c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t. Trong c 2 loi c ghi trong Danh Sch Vit Nam (2007) v 1 loi c ghi trong Danh Lc IUCN (2007). + V b st: c 11 loi c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t. Trong c 11 loi c ghi trong Sch Vit Nam (2007) v 4 loi c ghi trong Danh Lc IUCN (2007). Chng trnh phc hi c su nc ngt ngoi t nhin Bu Su l chng trnh c thc hin th nghim u tin Vit Nam v trn th gii. n nay, bc u thnh cng bng vic pht hin nhiu c th c su con. Chng trnh c thc hin t nm 2001, Vn th 60 con c su trng thnh sau khi kim tra ADN v hun luyn phc hi bn nng t nhin nh bt mi, trng, nui con, ... * Thng tin v cc loi quan trng. - T Gic mt sng Vit Nam Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus T gic Java l mt trong nhng loi th ln ang b e da dit vong cao nht trn th gii. Trong Danh Lc IUCN (2007), Tn gic Java c xp vo mc e da cc k nguy cp (CR). T gic Java c ti 3 phn loi khc nhau (Groves&Guerin, 1980), nhng hin nay ch cn 2 phn loi sng st l phn loi Rhinoceros sondaicus hin ang sinh sng VQG Ujung Kulon thuc o Java (In
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nxia) v phn loi T gic mt sng Vit Nam (Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus) hin ang sinh sng ti VQG Ct Tin (Vit Nam). y l 2 phn loi c lp, sng cch bit nhau rt xa v v tr a l, do , c nhng c im thch nghi vi iu kin c th khc nhau ca 2 mi trng sng. Phn loi t gic mt sng Vit Nam trc y c phn b c Lo, Campuchia v Thi Lan. Nhng chng nhanh chng b tuyt dit cc nc ny. Vit Nam trc y, phn loi ny c phn b nhiu tnh sut t vng Ty Bc xung min Trung, ln Ty Nguyn v lan xung vng Bnh Thun, Lm ng, Sng B v ng Nai (ng Huy Hunh, 1986), nhng hin nay cng ch tn ti v phn b duy nht VQG Ct Tin, Khu vc Ct Lc, Lm ng. Theo kt qu nghin cu cng b th loi T Gic mt sng Vit Nam Rhinoceros sondaicus tng c khu vc sui Ti on gn sng ng Nai gn thn 4. Ngoi ra, nhng a im khc c thng tin v du chn, phn T gic nh thn 3 v cc vng ngp t nc ngt khc. T gic hin nay cn khong 3-5 c th, s lng loi suy gim v ang ng trc nguy c b tuyt chng.(Ngun t bo co hin trng Vn Quc gia Ct Tin 2008) - B tt Bos gaurus: B tt b e da dit vong trn ton cu mc s nguy cp (VU) v trong nc mc nguy cp (EN). Qun th b tt VQG Ct Tin c nh gi l mt trong nhng qun th quan trng nht Vit Nam (Murphy, 2004) v l mt qun th khe mnh (Ling, 2000). Chng hot ng c hai khu vc Nam Ct Tin v Ct Lc ca Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin. Hin nay, Chnh ph Vit Nam ang phi hp vi mt s t chc bo tn quc t thc hin chng trnh nghin cu bo tn b tt trn ton quc ni chung v VQG Ct Tin ni ring. - Ch v chn en Pygatryx nigripes Ch v chn en b e da cp EN (nguy cp) trn ton cu v cp EN (nguy cp) Vit Nam. y l loi th c hu ca Vit Nam v c phn b hp vng Nam Trung B. Ti VQG Ct Tin, cha c nh gi tnh trng qun th ca loi ny, nhng chng tng i d bt gp k c khu vc ln cn. - G so c hung Arborophila davidi Sch Vit Nam (2007): bc EN (nguy cp) Danh Lc IUCN (2007): bc EN (nguy cp) L loi chim c hu ca Vit Nam. Chng thng i thnh tng n nh t 35 con, bt gp cc rng tre, na v hn giao. Phn b cao t 200-600m. Trong t kho st thc a bt gp loi ny a phn rng thuc thn 3, thn 4 thuc khu vc Ct Lc. Theo kt qu kho st cc cc nghin cu c cng b trc y th loi G so c hung phn b a phn rng thuc khu vc KLo, khu vc Kit, thn 3, thn 4 v thn 5 thuc khu vc Ct Lc. - G so ngc g Arborophila charltoni: Sch Vit Nam (2007): bc LR cd (t nguy cp) Danh Lc IUCN (2007): bc NT (sp b e da) L loi chim c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t. Thng sng thnh i hay n nh t 3-5 con cc khu vc rng th sinh rm rp, rng hn giao, rng hi phc c thm thc vt rm rp Phn b cao khong di 1000m. Trong t kho st quan st c 1 ln khu vc thn 5 pha gn sng ng Nai. - G li trng Lophura nycthemera
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Sch Vit Nam (2007): bc LR (t nguy cp) Danh Lc IUCN (2007): khng G li trng thng sng thnh i hay n nh t 3-5 con cc loi rng nguyn sinh hoc th sinh. Phn b cao trn 300m. Trong t kho st th a bt gp G li trng khu vc sui Bo v Sut thuc Ct Lc. - Hng hong Buceros bicornis Sch Vit Nam (2007): bc VU (s nguy cp) Danh Lc IUCN (2007): bc NT (sp b e da) L loi c tm quan trng quc gia v quc t, thng sng thnh n nh t 35con, c lc bt gp n khong 10con cc loi rng thng xanh nguyn sinh v th sinh. Phn b cao ln ti 1500m. Nhng a im gp Hng hong gm: trm kim lm B Sa, sui Lnh (thn 3) thuc khu vc Ct Lc. Nhn chung s lng c th loi ny VQG Ct Tin cn t.
Bng 43 : Danh Lc ng vt c tm quan trng STT Tn b S h LP TH MAMMAIA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 B n su b Insectinora B Nhiu rng Scandentia B Cnh da Dermoptera B Di Chiroptera B Linh trng Primates B n tht Carnivora B Guc l Perissodactila B Guc chn Artiodactyla B T t Pholidota B gm nhm Rodentia LP CHIM AVES B chim ln Podicipediformes B B nng Pelecaniformes B Hc Ciconiiformes B Ngng Anseriformes B Ct Flaconiformes B G Galliformes B Su Gruiformes B R Charadriiformes B B cu Columbiformes 30 h 3 1 1 6 3 6 1 4 1 4 49 h 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 S loi 66 loi 4 2 1 10 6 18 1 6 1 17 184 loi 1 1 9 2 9 8 6 8 8

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20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

B Vt Psittaciformes B Cucu Cuculiformes B C Strigiformes B c mui Caprinmulgiformes B Yn Apodiformes B Nuc Trogoniformes B S Coraciiformes B G kin Piciformes B S Passeriformes LP CH NHI AMPHIBIA

1 1 1 1 1 1 5 2 24 6 h 5 1 19 h 10 3 104

2 7 4 2 3 2 13 9 90 31 loi 30 1 77 loi 41 5 358

28 29 30 31

B khng ui Anura B khng chn Gymnophiona LP B ST REPTILIA B C vy Squamata B Ra Testudunes Tng s

(Ngun: Bo co nh gi ban u v a dng sinh hc qun th rng Nam Ct Tin).

3) Khu h thy sinh vt C 4 mi e do ch yu nh hng n tnh a dng sinh hc ca qun th Vn Quc gia Ct Tin gm khai ph rng lm nng nghip, sn bn, khai thc qu mc cc sn phm phi g, hot ng khai thc g, cc khu rng b cch ly vi nhau. Trong , khai thc g c xc nh l mi e da ln nht i vi a dng sinh hc v vic xy dng v thc hin mt d n qun l rng bn vng v bin php gim thiu e da thch hp nht l c tnh kh thi cao Khu h thy sinh vt v c lu vc sng ng Nai thc cht khu h c vng Lm ng, k Nng, Bnh Phc rt phong ph c th t ti 126 loi. So snh vi s liu iu tra vo ma ma trn dng sng ng Nai vo thng 7/1999 trong khong 25km t x k Plao n sui a Su mi ghi nhn c 54 loi (H.. t v T.N. Tr, 2991), khu vc Bu Su thuc Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin vo thng 8 nm 2000 c 39 loi c (H.. t v T.N.Tr, 2001), cc thy vc khu Bo Tn Thin Nhin (KBTTN) Ct Lc, Huyn Ct Tin tnh Lm ng trong cc chuyn kho st nm 1997, 1998 c 100 loi (H..t, T.N.Tr, 2001), cc thy vc thuc Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin trong nm 2003 ca Vin Mi Trng v Pht trin bn vng c 72 loi c (Vin mi trng v pht trin bn vng, 5.2004). Tuy nhin ba loi c cm trch, c cm sng v c mi mm trn khng cn v pha di c p thy in Tr An chn. Ngoi ra, cc loi c kinh t nh trm c, chp, m trng, chim trng nc ngt, c basa, c tra, c bng tng, c tr phi, c r phi thng, c r phi vn v c r phi , c lc bng l c nui, ch c trong ao, h, m v lng b
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

hoc a t di h lu ln. Mt s loi sng cc h v m ly dng sinh ly c ti vng c Som, k Plao, Qung Kh nh c dic, c r, c sc bm, c tr vng, c tr trng, c qu (S.striata), c tru (C.lucius), c tht lt, c sc. Mc d vng ny khng b nh hng ca cc cht ha hc do chin tranh ha hc ca M li (kt qu phng vn ti cc x thuc lu vc h thy in), nhng vn cn c 1 con c tr khuyt tt (khng c 1 ru mp, nn c ch cn 7 ru), chim 20% s c tr thu c v bng 1,5% ton b s c thu c. y l loi c d n c v ng vt thi ra y. V th cn lu vn nhim do cc tc nhn gy t bin, tn d theo dng nc chy xung c thy vc. Thc vt ni ti cc thy vc trong lu vc sng ng Nai Trong t kho st thng 7 nm 2004 xc nh c 191 loi thc vt ph du (TVPD) gm: Cyanophyta (13 loi), Chrysophyta (2 loi), Xanthophyta (5 loi). S lng TVPD sui t 55.000 tb/m3. S lng TVPD cc h nh l 844.200 tb/m3 n 26.233.300 tb/m3. Cc loi thc vt ph du chim u th bao gm Synedrs ulna (trn sng), Melosira granulata, Diatoma elongatum, Gonatozygon kinahani ( h nh v sui). Ba loi sng tt mi trng axit yu l Melosira granulata, Peridinium lomnickii, Peridinopsis sp. Thng 7/2004 bt u ma ma, nc c. TVPD trn dng sng ng Nai c 34 loi vi mt t 8163 tb/l n 18368 tb/l. Theo iu tra ca Vin khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam- Vin Sinh hc Nhit i iu tra thu thp trong cc nm 2004, 2005 v 2006 xut bn thng 12 nm 2006 cho thy bng sau:
Bng 44 : Thc vt ni khu vc sng ng Nai Thi gian kho st S loi S lng (tb/l) 4/2004 5/2005 2/2006 12/2006 31-56 21-60 24-36 31-42 440-16.960 1.040-146.700 165.399-1.416.989 270-13.117 Loi chim u th To mt, to silic, to gip To mt, to silic, to gip To lam To silic, to lc, to lam

(Ngun: Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam)

ng vt ph du (VPD) ti cc thy vc trong lu vc sng ng Nai VPD trong cc lu vc thuc sng ng Nai vo thi im thng 7/2004 bao gm 67 loi. Trong Rtatoria c 31 loi, Cladocera 18 loi, Copepoda 10 loi, Ostracoda 2 loi, Protozoa 3 loi, Larva (u trng) 3 loi. Cc loi chim u th l: Asplanchna sieboldi, Lepadella patella, u trng Copepoda sng v sui, h nh. Trong cc sui cn c thm cc loi Lecane (Lecane) signifera, Chydorus barraoisi, Chydorus ovalis, Thermocyclops hyalinus. Trong cc h nh cn c thm cc loi Mesocyclops sp, Hexanthra mia, Lecane (Monostyla) bulla, Philodina roseola, Polyarthra vulgaris. Cng ging nh thc vt ph du, mt s loi VPD cng sng tt trong mi trng axit yu nh Lecane (Monostyla) bulla, Lepadella patella, Chydorus baroisi. ng vt khng xng sng y (N).
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V trong cc lu vc thuc h thy in ng Nai bao gm 53 loi (7/1999). Trong Oliochaeta c 1 loi, Hirudinea 1 loi, Crustacea 3 loi, Mollussca 7 loi, Insecta (u trng v con trng thnh) 41 loi.
Bng 45 : Cu trc thnh phn loi ng vt ni 4/2004 5/2005 2/2006 TT Nhm loi sl % sl % sl % 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Protozoa Rotatoria Cladocera Copepoda Ostracoda Isopoda Larva Tng cng 14 24 10 4 1 0 5 58 24,1 41,4 17,2 6,9 1,7 0 8,6 100 8 32 14 5 1 0 5 65 12,3 49,2 21,5 7,7 1,5 0 7,7 100 2 25 11 5 1 1 7 52 3,8 48,1 21,2 9,6 1,9 1,9 13,5 100 12/2006 sl 1 9 5 3 0 0 5 23 % 4,3 39,1 21,7 13 0 0 21,7 100 C 4 t sl 45 54 26 9 2 1 12 119 % 12,6 45,4 21,8 7,6 1,7 0,8 10,1 100

(Ngun: Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam- Vin sinh hc nhit i 12/2006)

S lng V ti cc thy vc trong lu vc trn sng ng Nai t 20 con/m2 n 650 con/m2. Ti cc sui V cao hn c t 50con/m2 n 650con/m2. Ti dng chnh sng ng Nai s lng V c 20con/m2 n 330con/m2. Ch yu V l u trng v con trng thnh a sng trong mi trng nc chy nh Ephemeroptera (Paraleptophbia sp, Heptagenia sp), Hemiptera (Heleocoris sp), Coleoptera (Gyrimus sp), Trichoptera, Odonata (Epallage sp), Chironomidae (Tanytarsus sp, Metriocnemus sp) v Simullidae-Diptera (Simunlinum sp). Qua kho st mt s vng sui v ch vo thng 7/2006 thy rng khu h thy sinh vt khng xng sng y c ln ni y gm c c bu (Pila conica), c vn, c, trng trc, trai, cua, tm. Cu trc thnh phn loi ca nhm ng vt ny lin tc c thay th v pht trin theo xu hng ca cc loi thch nghi vi mi trng nhim bn thay th cc loi thch nghi vi nc sch.
Bng 46: Cu trc thnh phn loi ng vt y 4/2004 5/2005 2/2006 12/2006 sl % sl % sl % sl % 1 Mollusca 7 16,3 8 40 7 58,3 7 25 2 Crustacea 5 11,6 4 20 2 16,7 0 0 3 Oligocheta 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3,6 4 Polychaeta 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 53,6 5 Aquaticinsecta 31 72,1 8 40 1 8,3 15 0 6 Larva 0 0 0 0 2 16,7 0 100 Tng cng 43 100 20 100 12 100 28 (Ngun: Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam - Vin sinh hc nhit i 12/2006) TT Nhm loi

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Vin quy hoch Thy li min Nam phi hp vi Vin k thut Bin - Vin khoa hc Thy li Vit Nam v tin hnh t kho st c nc ngt vo thng 3 nm 2010 nhm thu thp nhng thng tin v thnh phn cc loi c nc ngt t Ban Qun l rng Quc Gia Ct Tin, phc v cho cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng khu vc thu in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6 A Tuy nhin t kho st vo ma kh ny tng i ngn nn cha th thu thp c ht cc loi c di c sinh sn vo u ma ma. Kt qu iu tra v thu thp s liu t VQGCT (ph lc Sinh thi- phn khu h thu sinh vt). Cc loi c thu c thuc hai nhm chnh: nhm c ng v nhm c sui nh sau: Nhm c ng: bao gm cc loi c nc ngt ph bin min Trung v min Bc Vit Nam nh Ln ng, Dic mt , c chch bn, c r ng, c tr trng, c lc ng, c thc lc, c lia thia (tn khoa hc cc loi xem trong ph lc Sinh thi). Nhng loi ny thu c cc chn rung bc thang hay cc ao nh, h bom gn sui. Nhm c ny thch nghi vi i sng nc ng v thng sinh vo u ma ma Nhm c sui: bao gm cc loi c cn li thch nghi cao vi iu kin nc chy, cn nhu cu cao v ngun xy ha tan nh c loi c bm , c chch sui v.v. Nhng loi ny c kch c nh thch n cc loi rong ru bm trn cc hn . Ngoi ra cn c mt s loi c khc c kch c kh ln n rt ln thch nghi vi iu kin nc chy mnh v cn nhu cu cao v xy nh c nin, c chnh bng (Anguilla marmorata), c chnh nhn (Anquilla malgumora), c nga xm . - Nhm c sng: trong c mt loi nm trong sch IUCN (c mn hay cn gi l c rng), 8 loi nm trong sch Vit Nam nh c chin (Bagarius bagarius), c lc bng(Ophiocephalus micropeltes), c rng (Scleropages formosus), c may (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri), C dung bay (Cosmochilus harmandi) Nhiu loi c ln c gi tr kinh t nh c lng b (Bagarius spp.), c lng nha (Mystus nemurus), c lc bng (Channa micropeltes) mi con c th nng ti vi chc cn. Bn cnh vic khai thc ngun li c sui v c ng c kch c nh phc v cho nhu cu thc phm ti ch hng ngy, bng cc dng c khai thc nh m, lp, r nh xc c lng tong, c lia thia n v lm mm vi mng rng, b con cn s dng chi, li hay cu ging bt nhng loi c c kch c ln hn.

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Hnh 37 :V tr cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 v 6A

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Ngun: Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam Hnh 38 :Bn quy hoch lu vc sng ng Nai

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 39 :Bn hin trng thm thc vt vng d n

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

(Ngun: BQL Vn Quc gia Ct Tin) Hnh 40: Bn khu vc phn b ca b hoang d khu vc Ct Lc

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

(Ngun: BCTM Cng ty t vn in 1) Hnh 41 : S khu vc sinh sng ca T Gic mt sng

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

2.2. iu kin kinh t - x hi khu vc d n Khu vc xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 nm trong a bn huyn B ng tnh Bnh Phc, huyn k RLp tnh k Nng, huyn Ct Tin tnh Lm ng l cc huyn vng su, c kh nng pht trin kinh t ton din. Trong thy in, lm nghip v du lch sinh thi l nhng th mnh ni bt. Mt dn c tha tht, trnh dn tr thp vi nhiu tp qun sinh hot v sn xut cn lc hu.

Ngun: BQL Vn Quc gia Ct Tin Hnh 42 : Bn hnh chnh Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin

2.2.1. iu kin kinh t x hi huyn B ng 2.2.1.1. iu kin v kinh t. Huyn B ng nm cch trung tm tnh (Th x ng Xoi) 54km, cch thnh ph H Ch Minh 165km v pha Nam, c a hnh chuyn tip t cao nguyn xung ng bng theo hng t Ty Bc xung ng Nam. Pht trin kinh t x hi huyn B ng, nht l nng nghip phi gn cht vi cng nghip ch bin, bi y l ngnh kinh t mi nhn c nhiu tim nng to nn s gn b cht ch c trong xy dng v qun l khai thc, t hiu qu kinh t-x hi-mi trng bn vng nht. Nm 2009 GDP bnh qun u ngi ca huyn t: 9,5 triu ng/ngi/nm, bng

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

57,51% mc bnh qun ton tnh (16,52 triu ng/ngi/nm). i b phn lao ng l gin n, h ngho chim t l 16% (theo tiu ch mi 14,94%, s liu nm 2009). - Cng nghip: sn xut cng nghip - TTCN c vai tr rt quan trng trong tng th nn kinh t huyn B ng. Nhng ngnh cng nghip ch yu l: sn xut v ch bin thc phm, sn xut cng c cm tay, mc gia dng, sa cha c kh, sn xut vt liu xy dng, khai thc , ch bin ht iu, tinh bt m. Ton huyn hin c: 102 doanh nghip t nhn, cng ty c phn quy m nh, trang thit b cn lc hu. - Nng, lm nghip: gi tr sn xut ngnh nng nghip giai on 2006-2010 tng 0,9% so vi cng k (k hoch tng 8-9%), trong c cu GDP ca nng lm nghip, thy sn t mc trung bnh 57%. GTSX ngnh nng nghip nm 2009 c t 679,6 t ng. Do giai on 2006-2010 gi mt s nng sn nh c ph, cao su, ht iu c gi dn n thu nhp ca h nng dn c s ci thin, v trng trt chim t trng ln trong ngnh nng nghip. Do m chn nui pht trin rt chm so vi trng trt, v chim t trng thp. Trng trt: cy lu nm ch yu l cao su, iu, c ph, tiu. Cy n qu: cy nhn, xoi, chm chm, su ring l nhng cy n qu c din tch ln ca huyn. Cy hng nm: bp, khoai, m. Chn nui: tru b, ln, gia cm, nui trng thy sn Lm nghip: theo s liu kim k nm 2009 t lm nghip ca ton huyn l 76.665,7 ha trong rng trng 38.289ha (49,94%), rng phng h 32.977,6 ha (43,02%), rng c dng 5.399ha (12,04%). Sn xut lm nghip tp trung vo hai nhim v chnh l trng mi rng v bo v rng hin c, gn lin vi nh canh-nh c. Ngoi ra, cn lm tt cng tc chng chy rng, bo v rng phng h v rng c dng, x l nghim khc cc trng hp vi phm php lut v pht trin rng. - Thng mi, dch v: ngnh thng mi-dch v c bc pht trin nhng cn chm, cc hot ng lin kt doanh nghip tiu th nng sn c song cha mnh, c s h tng cn thiu v yu, thng tin lin lc cn nhiu kh khn, kt qu kinh doanh cn nhiu hn ch. GTSX thng mi-dch v chim t trng kh thp, c s vt cht ngnh thng mi dch v cha c s ci thin ng k. Tnh n cui nm 2008, ton huyn c 2.720 c s ng k kinh doanh thng mi dch v, 392 c s sn xut cng nghip ngoi quc doanh vi 2.984 lao ng, phn b tp trung ti cc khu vc trung tm nh TT.c Phong, Minh Hng, c Liu. Tng s lao ng tham gia cc hot ng thng mi, dch v ton huyn l trn 3000 ngi. Ngoi ra cc dch v: vn ti, bu in, ti chnh, ngn hng c nhiu ci tin thc y nn kinh t pht trin. UBND huyn ang tip tc phi hp vi cc n v t chc ku gi v trin khai cc th tc thu ht u t vo cc cm cng nghip v cc d n ln trn a bn huyn. H tng k thut: - Giao thng: h thng ng b hin nay ca huyn c nng cp v lm mi gii quyt nhu cu vn chuyn v i li ca nhn dn tng i m bo. Tiu chun cp ng c 32,7% l ng nha (mt rng t 4-9m), 67,3% ng cp phi si v ng t: 464km, ng nha 214km. Trn a bn huyn c quc l 14 chy t ng Xoi qua Th trn c Phong i k Lc vi chiu di qua huyn l 55,5km. ng tnh qun l (95km): tnh l 759,
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

tnh l 760, ng on kt-ng Nai, ng on kt-Thng nht, ng QL 14 c. ng huyn qun l: ng lin x bao gm 17 tuyn, chiu di 125,5km, mt ng 7m cp phi, lu thng km thun li v ma ma. ng x v th trn qun l tng chiu di 628km, trong ng nha 36km cn li hu ht l ng cp phi v ng t, ma ma lu thng gp nhiu kh khn. - in: Mng li in quc gia xung ti tt c cc x, trong cc x nm ven quc l c trn 80% s h dng in, cc x vng su t l h c in cn thp do dn c phn tn v c s h tng cn c nhiu kh khn. Huyn c 397km ng dy in trung th, 372km ng dy h th, 313 trm bin p c tng cng sut 12.500KVA. Ch yu l s dng cho sinh hot (57,3%), cng nghip v dch v khong 16,8%, tht thot in nng khong 12,5%. - Thy li: ton huyn c 06 cng trnh h cha v xy dng c 09 cng trnh p dng ln v nh c tng din tch 160,3ha v h thng knh mng 10,21ha cung cp nc cho sn xut nng nghip. Do c im a hnh B ng dc, chia ct nhiu nn hiu qu ti ca cc cng trnh thp. Ngoi ra cn c cc p dng nh theo ma v, h thng knh ti nc vi tng chiu di 2,2km din tch ti tiu phc v cho sn xut nng nghip rt nh. - Cp nc: Hin nay trn a bn huyn c 02 nh my cp nc sch: trm c Phong ti TT.c Phong ly nc t h Bi Mn vi cng sut 1.500 m3/thng v trm Ngha Trung ly nc t h ng Thoi vi cng sut cp 651 m3/thng. Theo kt qu thng k ca Phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng huyn B ng, t l ngi dn s dng ngun nc sinh hot hp v sinh trn ton huyn l 75%, ngun nc cp ch yu cho sinh hot hng ngy vn l nc ngm t cc ging khoan, ging o. - Thng tin lin lc: hin ti huyn c mt bu in trung tm th trn v 3 bu cc khu vc, 8 bu in vn ha x. Cng vic chuyn pht nhanh, bu phm bo m, h thng internet pht trin cha mnh. Tnh hnh ph sng in thoi di ng ch c th trn c Phong v cc x ln cn, cc x xa sng rt yu, kh nng lin lc km. 2.2.1.2. Vn ha, x hi Dn c: Theo nin gim thng k ca huyn B ng nm 2009 ton huyn c 134.895 ngi, mt dn s 90 ngi/km2, t l tng t nhin 1,63%, s ngi tui lao ng 63.871 ngi trong s ngi c kh nng lao ng 3.093 ngi. Gio dc: theo thng k, nm 2008 huyn c 247 lp mu gio, 41 trng ph thng trong 37 trng tiu hc v PTCS, 4 trng PTTH, gio vin trc tip ging dy 1.355 ngi, 28.000 hc sinh cc cp. Nm hc 2008-2009 s tr 6 tui ra lp 1 t t t 97,3%, t l ph cp gio dc t 97,2%, xt tt nghip tiu hc t 99,04%, xt tt nghip THCS t 93,1%, tt nghip THPT ton huyn t 85,1%, t l hc sinh b hc l 1,91% ch yu bc hc THCS. Vn tn ti hin nay ca ngnh gio dc Huyn l ngoi vic c s vt cht b xung cp cn c mt kh khn l thiu gio vin, c bit l vng su, vng xa, vng dn tc t ngi, vic gii quyt nh cho gio vin cn gp nhiu tr ngi, lm nh hng n s gn b vi ngh nghip ca i ng gio vin. Y t: c s y t huyn bao gm: 1 bnh vin a khoa qui m 70 ging v 14 trm y t v 2 phng khm khu vc, tng s ging bnh l 120 ging. S ging trn 1 vn dn l 11 ging (tnh Bnh Phc l 13 ging), s bc s trn 1 vn dn

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

l 2,8. Tng s cn b qun l, chuyn mn ngnh y t l: 161 ngi, bc s l 32 ngi, trong tuyn x 10 ngi, tuyn huyn l 22 ngi. C s vt cht, trang thit b ca ngnh y cn thiu v lc hu, cn c tng cng cn b y, bc s p ng nhu cu khm cha bnh ca dn. 2.2.2. iu kin kinh t huyn k Rlp 2.2.2.1. iu kin v kinh t Huyn k Rlp nm pha Ty-Nam tnh k Nng, cch trung tm th x Gia Nha theo quc l 14 khong 30km, gip vi cc tnh vng kinh t trng im pha Nam, cch thnh ph H Ch Minh 220km. Huyn k RLp ni lin vi tt c cc huyn trong tnh bi h thng quc l v tnh l, rt thun li cho vic pht trin kinh t, vn ha thng mi, dch v v du lch. Kinh t: Nm 2009 huyn k Rlp ch chim 9,74% din tch c tnh, dn s (74.017 ngi) chim 14,85% dn s tnh (dn s tnh k Nng nm 2009 l 498.422 ngi), nhng li chim t trng v kinh t trong tnh kh ln. Nm 2009, tc tng trng kinh t t 16,5%, trong cng nghip xy dng tng 47%, nng lm nghip tng 9,6%, dch v tng 31%. GDP bnh qun u ngi ca huyn nm 2009 t 14 triu ng/ngi/nm. Cng nghip: Nm 2009 trn a bn huyn c 252 c s sn xut cng nghip, trong 243 c s c th, cn li 9 c s t nhn. Phn theo ngnh cng nghip th c 8 c s cng nghip khai thc v cc loi m khc, 244 c s cng nghip ch bin trong 33 c s sn xut thc phm ung, 84 c s sn xut trang phc, 8 c s sn xut sn phm bng da, gi da, 5 c s sn xut sn phm bng g v lm sn, 9 c s sn xut sn phm khong phi kim loi, 21 c s sn xut ging t bn gh. V sn phm cng nghip ch yu dng s ch, n gin, hm lng cng ngh thp, phn ln c sn lng nh ch phc v dn sinh kinh t trn a bn huyn. Gi tr sn xut cng nghip trn a bn huyn nm 2009 t 61.987 triu ng. Nng, lm, thy sn: Ngnh nng nghip: hin nay nng nghip l ngnh c ngha kinh t ln nht i vi huyn k Rlp. Trong hnh thnh cc vng chuyn canh cy cng nhip di hn nh c ph, cao su, h tiu v cy iu, gp phn cung cp ngun nguyn liu cho cng nghip ch bin phc v tiu dng trong nc v xut khu. Gi tr sn xut nng nghip trn a bn huyn nm 2009 l: 484.492 triu ng. Trng trt: huyn c nhiu bin php khc phc hn hn, trong hng dn b con nng dn chuyn i c cu cy trng nn din tch gieo trng (DTGT) vn tng. Din tch nng nghip nm 2009 ca huyn l 38.676ha, chim 60,98% din tch t nhin trong din tch cy hng nm (la, ng, khoai, sn) 4.688ha, cy lu nm 33.821ha. Cy trng lu nm ch yu l c ph, h tiu, cao su, iu, cy n qu. Do ph hp vi iu kin t nhin trn a bn huyn nn cc loi cy trng chnh c sn lng tng l cy sn, c ph, h tiu, ht iu, lng thc Chn nui: ngnh chn nui trn a bn huyn k RLp trong thi gian qua pht trin kh, ph hp vi iu kin kinh t tng gia nh. n b, gia cm v nht l n d u tng nhanh. Nm 2009, ton huyn c 204 con tru, 2.941 con b, 18.370 con ln, 2.258 con d, 242.026 con gia cm. Hnh thc v quy m chn nui trn a

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

bn hin ch yu l h gia nh nh l, tn dng sn phm ph trong trng trt lm thc n v tn dng lao ng nhn ri, tuy nhin cng ang c chuyn i dn. Cc m hnh nui trang tri bc u c xu hng pht trin tch cc. Ngnh lm nghip: Ngnh lm nghip trong nhng nm qua ch trng tp trung vo 2 nhim v chnh l tng cng cng tc qun l bo v, chm sc rng t nhin v tin hnh giao t cho dn trng rng. Tng cng khu qun l v vy gim mt phn cc v ph rng lm ry, hn ch cc v chy rng v xm canh t lm nghip. Din tch lm nghip ton huyn l 17.129 ha chim 27,01% din tch t nhin, t rng v din tch rng giao cho cc h v t chc qun l 12.401ha. Ngnh thy sn: Ngnh thy sn hin c t trng rt nh trong nn kinh t huyn. Nm 2009 GTSX thy sn theo gi HH ch chim 0,06% GTSX ca ngnh NLN v sn lng thy sn ch t 130,4 tn ch yu l sn lng thy sn nc ngt nh c, tm Tim nng du lch: Trn a bn huyn c nhiu kh nng pht trin du lch. V phi vt th vn ha c l hi truyn thng ca ng bo dn tc nh: m tru, Dn mng la mi, Tm bao (m ci theo phong tc MNng), S thi, Dn ca, Dn v, v vt th c Cng ching, Nhc c dn tc, n , cnh quan rng, vn cy cng nghip di ngy, sui thc, h nc c th pht trin thnh cc du lch, vn ha sinh thi hp dn. Ngoi ra cn thit iu tra kho st, khai thc thm xy dng h thng cc im vui chi gii tr, ngh ngi phc v nhn dn trong huyn cng nh khch du lch. Thng mi, dch v: Thng mi, dch v trn a bn huyn thi gian qua pht trin kh nhanh, tuy nhin quy m cn nh, t chc cn manh mn, nh l, sn phm hng ha cha phong ph, cha a dng, cht lng cn thp, cn thiu thng tin th trng, cht lng, gi c. Ton huyn nm 2009 c 2.321 c s kinh doanh thng mi, du lch v khch sn nh hng trn a bn, tng mc bn l hng ha v doanh thu dch v trn a bn huyn 705.767 triu ng. H tng k thut: Giao thng: Trn a bn huyn c QL 14 xuyn sut theo chiu di huyn, l tuyn giao thng quan trng nht ca vng Ty Nguyn ni lin Duyn Hi Trung BTy Nguyn-Vng kinh t trng im pha Nam, ni vi ng xuyn , l u mi giao lu cc nc trong tng lai. n nm 2009, tng chiu di h thng ng b trn a bn huyn c: 1831km, trong nha ha l 598,7km, t t l nha ha bnh qun 32,69%. Nhn chung mng li giao thng kh hon chnh, hnh thnh cc trc giao thng i ngoi, i ni, cc ng trc chnh th, tuy nhin, hin ti cht lng cha tt, ng cp phi v ng t chim t l kh ln. Thy li: Hin nay trn a bn huyn c 28 cng trnh thy li, thy in, trong c 04 cng trnh thy in, vi nng lng ti ca cc cng trnh l 2.869ha, trong 2.407ha c ph, 367ha la v 95 h tiu. Tuy nhin, c 07 cng trnh trong s ny xung cp, h hng cn c u t nng cp. Nhn chung phn ln ngi dn da vo ngun nc ma, bm nc t sng sui, t khoan ging, o ging ly nc l chnh. Thc t cho thy, ma kh tnh trng thiu nc gay gt vn thng xuyn xy ra, nhiu nm thin tai hn hn lm tn tht rt ln cho nn kinh t ca huyn. in: n nm 2010, 100% s x, th trn trong huyn c in li quc gia

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Cp nc: Nc sinh hot hin ti ang s dng ngun nc ngm, khai thc ch yu bng cc ging khoan, ging o. T l dn s th trn Kin c s dng nc sch t khong 50,5%, ti khu vc nng thn t khong 30%. Trong 100% ng bo dn tc c nc sch. Trong thc t ngun nc bin ng theo ma rt r rt, ma kh lng nc xung mc thp, cn kit cho nn gp nhiu kh khn. Thng tin lin lc: Hin nay mng li thng tin lin lc c m rng thm, p ng nhu cu thng tin lin lc ca nhn dn a phng, gp phn rt ln trong pht trin kinh t v an ninh quc phng trn a bn huyn. H thng bu chnh vin thng c ch trng u t i mi v trang thit b, my mc, c s vt cht ngnh bu chnh vin thng v vy hot ng bu chnh vin thng trn a bn huyn pht trin kh nhanh, thng tin c nhanh chng, kp thi, thng sut trong huyn, n tt c cc a bn x. 2.2.2.2. Vn ha, x hi: Dn c: Dn s trn a bn huyn nm 2009 c 74.017 ngi, mt dn s 117 ngi/km2, t l tng dn s t nhin l 2,145%/nm. Hin nay ng bo dn tc thiu s trn a bn huyn c 2.096 h, 10.480 khu chim khong 15% dn s. Dn s trong tui lao ng ca huyn nm 2009 c 45.594 ngi, chim 61,6% tng s dn, s ngi c kh nng lao ng 44.182 ngi, lao ng ang lm vic trong cc ngnh kinh t 39.798 ngi, s ngi trong tui c kh nng lao ng ang i hc 4.673 ngi, s lao ng ang lm ni tr 942 ngi, s lao ng khng c vic lm l 142 ngi. Gio dc: Nm hc 2009-2010 Bc tiu hc c 22 trng, tng s hc sinh tiu hc l 8.609 vi 331 lp v 415 gio vin. Bc trung hc c s c 11 trng. Tng s hc sinh 6.123 vi 166 lp v 303 gio vin. Bc THPT c 3 trng, vi 2.889 hc sinh, vi 71 lp, 185 gio vin. Hin nay trn a bn huyn c cng nhn xa m ph cp gio dc tiu hc, ngnh gio dc a phng ang cn hon chnh h s cng nhn t chun ph cp THCS. Trng ph thng dn tc ni tr, trung tm gio dc thng xuyn, trng dy ngh hot ng t c nhng kt qu nht nh. S nghip gio dc-o to trn a bn huyn trong nhng nm qua tip tc c u t, xy dng v pht trin ton din. Cht lng gio dc c s chuyn bin tch cc v ngy cng c nng cao. Cng tc gio dc o c, l lun, hc i i vi hnh cho hc sinh tng bc c ch trng, tuy nhin, hin nay cng cn mt s vn cn quan tm l: gio vin, c s vt cht phc v dy v hc nh phng thc hnh, th vin,.cn thiu, v cn 37 phng hc tm xy dng t lu, nay xung cp cn c u t xy mi. Y t: Nm 2009 ton huyn c: 12 c s y t, trong : bnh vin l 01, trm y t x , th trn 11, s ging bnh 106 trong bnh vin l 70 ging, trm y t x, th trn l 36 ging. S cn b y t l 147 trong ngnh y l 137, ngnh dc l 10. Ngnh y t huyn thi gian qua thc hin tt nhim v ca mnh, thng xuyn hot ng y t cng ng nh gim st kim tra v sinh an ton thc phm, v sinh mi trng, phng chng dch bnh, c bit l dch cm gia cm, HIV/AIDS, tuy
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nhin, hin nay ngnh y t huyn cn gp nhiu kh khn thiu thn nh c s vt cht, trang thit b y t. i ng y bc s cn thiu v s lng v chuyn ngnh, nht l trm y t. Y hc c truyn cha c ch u t pht trin thch ng. Vn ha: Hot ng vn ha thng tin th dc th thao pht trin nhanh, truyn hnh trn a bn huyn kh phong ph v c nng cao v cht lng phc v kp thi cc nhim v chnh tr ti a phng v p ng mt phn nhu cu hng th vn ha ca nhn dn. Cng tc qun l Nh nc v vn ha, thng tin c y mnh. Cng tc bo tn, pht huy l hi, vn ha cng ching, nhc c dn tc, c quan tm thc hin thng xuyn. Nhn chung cc hot ng vn ha thng tin pht thanh, truyn hnh ca huyn c nhng kt qu tch cc, p ng c mt phn nhu cu ca ngi dn, cht lng cc hot ng c nng ln. Tuy nhin mc hng th vn ha ca nhn dn cha cao, cc cng trnh phc v sinh hot vn ha, phim nh, ni vui chi gii tr, nht l vng nng thn, vng ng bo cn nhiu hn ch, cn phi c tuyn truyn ph bin trong cng ng dn c mnh m hn na. Hin nay cc cng trnh phc v vui chi gii tr, th dc th thao cn thiu nhiu, ngay c ti trung tm huyn v nht l vng nng thn, vng ng bo dn tc t ngi. 2.2.3. iu kin kinh t x hi huyn Bo Lm 2.2.3.1. iu kin kinh t Huyn Bo Lm l mt huyn thuc cao nguyn Di Linh-Bo Lc, nm gia th x Bo Lc v huyn Di Linh. Thu nhp bnh qun u ngi mi t 2,7 triu ng/nm (tng ng 250 USD). Mc sng c s chnh lch gia cc vng, mt s bun vng ng bo dn tc vn cn tnh trng b thiu i 1-3 thng trong nm. Huyn Bo Lc u t cho cc x vng ng bo dn tc mi nm 8-10 t ng thc hin cc trng trnh nh canh nh c v pht trin kinh t x hi. Nn kinh t ca huyn Bo Lm ch yu l nng lm nghip. y l vng chuyn canh cy cng nghip ln ca tnh, cy trng chnh l ch, c ph du tm v mt s loi cy n qu khc. Trong tng gi tr sn phm, thu nhp nng nghip chim 80%, lm nghip 9,32%, cng nghip, tiu th cng nghip 4,36% v thng mi dchh v 6,32%. Nhp tng trng kinh t hng nm ca huyn t 10-12%, xp x bng mc bnh qun chung ca tnh. - Cng nghip Bo Lm c ngnh cng nghip ch bin, thng nghip dch v cha pht trin nn gi tr tng sn phm thu nhp t cha cao. Tuy nhin, huyn l ni c ngun ti nguyn khong sn giu nht tnh, chim 10% tng gi tr ti nguyn khong sn ca vng ng Nam B, trong th ngun ti nguyn Bauxit chim t l ln nht. Hin ti tp on cng nghip Than khong sn Vit Nam u t xy dng nh my Alumin phc v cng nghip khai thc Bauxit vi tr lng 630 ngn tn/nm, pht trin cng nghip luyn nhm l ngnh cng nghip th mnh pht trin kinh t-x hi ca huyn. - Nng, lm nghip

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

+ Nng nghip: Din tch t c kh nng nng nghip ton huyn l 36.000 ha, din tch cc loi cy cng nghip di ngy l 24.827 ha, trong c gn 18.219 ha cho thu hoch. Din tch ch c 8.920 ha vi hn 7.746 ha c thu hoch. Din tch c ph c 15.841 ha, din tch cho thu hoch l 10.473ha. Sn lng c ph nhn t 16.498 tn. Do ngnh du t gp kh khn nn din tch du ty hin nay ch cn khong 200 ha. Din tch cy n qu l 250 ha, ch yu l trng xen trong t th c v vn c ph, trong chim u th l su ring vi tng s 112.000 cy. + Lm nghip: Din tch t lm nghip l 91.462ha. Hu qu ca vic t nng ry n nay cn li 22.345 t trng, i trc. Huyn Bo Lm ang tch cc thc hin trng rng v giao khon qun l, bo v chm sc rng. Din tch rng trng c 3.030 ha, din tch rng c giao chm sc qun l l 26.449 ha(chim 32,4% din tch rng). Pht trin kinh t rng, xy dng kinh t vn rng ang gn kt cht ch vi cng tc nh canh, nh c pht trin kinh t vng ng bo dn tc. Mi h dn nhn chm sc bo v rng c to iu kin trng 1,5-2 ha cy cng nghip nhm n nh pht trin kinh t. - Tim nng du lch : a hnh huyn Bo Lm thuc vng sn nguyn tng i bng phng. cao trung bnh 900m so vi mt bin .V vy huyn Bo Lm c tim nng di do v thy li v thy in .Huyn c h cha nc Tn Rai Lc Thng v cm cng trnh thy in phc v cho ng bo dn tc x Lc Lm. Thc nc By Tng Lc Thnh v h thng thc nc Lc Bc khng ch l nhng cnh p, hng v m cn xy dng c cc cng trnh thy in phc v cho ng bo vng su, vng xa pha bc v pha nam ca huyn. - Thng mi v dch v Trn a bn c hn 1.000 c s thng mi v dch v, trong c 14 doanh nghip ngoi quc doanh hot ng ch yu vi ngnh ngh xy dng kinh doanh xng du, i l xe my, kim hon,.. - H tng k thut: + Giao thng :Quc l 20 cng tuyn ng lin tnh t Bo Lc n cng trnh thy in Hm Thun-a Mi to cho Bo Lm nhanh chng tip cn vi Tp.H Ch Minh, cc tnh min ng v vng duyn hi Nam Trung B. H thng ng giao thng ni b nhng nm gn y pht trin kh nhanh . ng t n tt c cc x trong huyn, ton huyn c 69km ng nha.Cc tuyn ng lm nghip, ng n cc n in ch, c ph trc y cng c nng cp dn .n nay c 127 km ng cp phi, hng trm cy s ng c tu sa phc v cho vic chuyn n cc x vng su, vng xa. Cc chng trnh nh canh, nh c chng trnh d n 327 cng dnh phn thch ng u t xy dng v cc x ca huyn. + Cp in:100% cc x c li in quc gia Lng ma hng nm rt ln, bnh qun 2.000-2.500mm.V vy huyn Bo Lm c tim nng di do v thy li v thy in. Bc u huyn xy dng c h cha

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nc Tn Rai Lc Thng v cm cng trnh thy in phc v cho ng bo dn tc x Lc Lm.Thc nc By Tng Lc Thnh v h thng thc nc Lc Bc khng ch l nhng cnh p m cn xy dng c cc cng trnh thy in phc v cho ng bo vng su, vng xa pha bc v pha nam huyn. + Thy li: Vi lng ma hng nm rt ln, bnh qun 2.000-2.500mm.Tr lng nc di do (t 8-10 t m3/nm), c kh nng p ng sinh hot, nng nghip v cng nghip ca ngi dn trong huyn ngay c trong ma kh, nng lng thy in di do nh a Nhim, Hm Thun a Mi, ng Nai 3, ng Nai 4 H cha nc Tn Rai Lc Thng v cm cng trnh thy in phc v cho ng bo dn tc x Lc Lm. + Cp nc: Huyn c h thng cp nc sinh hot tp trung, ch c h thng cp nc cc b ca mt s c quan on th trong huyn vi quy m 10-15m3/ngy m. Hin nay, 52% dn s trong huyn s dng nc sinh hot t ging o, s cn li s dng nc sng sui. + Thng tin lin lc: Nhn chung mng li bu cc, mng li in thoi v tt c cc x. Ti cc x u c sng v nghe c truyn thanh, xem c truyn hnh. 2.2.3.2. Vn ha, x hi a) Dn c Bo Lm thuc vng t rng, ngi tha,dn s ton huyn c 116.122 ngi, mt dn s 75 ngi/km2, t l tng dn s t nhin l 1,807%/nm. Hin trn a bn huyn c 19 dn tc thiu s ang sinh sng vi 7.442 h, gm 31.458 nhn khu (chim t l 30% dn s).Trong dn tc Chu M, Kho c 5.747 h, vi 26.058 khu chim 78,5% trong tng s khu ng bo dn tc thiu s. Ngoi ra cn c mt s dn tc t cc tnh pha Bc c chuyn n vng Bo Lm. b) Gio dc: Ton huyn c 60 trng hc trong c 4 trng trung hc ph thng, 1 trng ph thng dn tc ni tr, 1 trung tm gio dc thng xuyn v 54 trng ph thng c s, tiu hc, mm non. Do a hnh huyn Bo Lm cng kh phc tp, nhiu thn xa xi ho lnh nn hc sinh i hc gp nhiu kh khn.C s vt cht phng hc cn thiu thn, khng c phng hc chc nng dn n cng tc qun l ch o nng cao cht lng dy v hc cn nhiu kh khn. c) Y t: Mng li y t c phn b kh tt, c s trang thit b y . Trung tm y t huyn v h thng trm x x c bn p ng yu cu khm cha bnh ca ngi dn .Tuy nhin huyn cn c nhiu x cn kh khn do vy sc ht cc bc s v tuyn x l rt kh khn. d) Di tch lch s vn ha x Lc Bc pht hin c 2 b n .Cc nh kho c hc xc nh nhng hin vt ny c nin i cch y trn 2.000 nm. ng bo dn tc x Lc Bc, Lc Bo cn lu gi np sng trong cc nh di gm nhiu th h ng tc cng chung sng trong mt gia nh ln. 2.2.4. iu kin kinh t x hi huyn Ct Tin 2.2.4.1. iu kin v kinh t.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Huyn Ct Tin nm pha cc Nam ca tnh Lm ng, cch thnh ph Lt hn 200km v pha Nam, cch quc l 20 khong 42km v pha Ty-Nam. Huyn c 12 n v hnh chnh, trong c 1 th trn v 11 x vi tng din tch t nhin 42.657ha, dn s t nhin 37.500 ngi. Thi k 2006-2010 tc tng trng GDP bnh qun ton huyn t 13,2% nm, GDP bnh qun u ngi nm 2009 t 9,103 triu ng/nm. Cng nghip: Cng nghip ch yu l cng nghip ch bin nng sn v khai thc nguyn vt liu xy dng. Hin nay huyn c 27 c s, trong cng nghip khai thc tn thu ct lm vt liu xy dng c 7 c s vi sn lng khai thc bnh qun l 42.850m3/nm, 1 c s khai thc Antimon v 20 c s sn xut vt liu xy dng ch yu l gch ngi nung vi sn lng khong 4 triu vin/nm. Cng ngh dt may vi 120 c s may mc t nhn, 1 hp tc x tiu th cng nghip dch v th cm v 1 phn xng dt len xut khu. Cng nghip ch bin nng sn, thc phm vi 324 c s; bao gm cc lnh vc xay xt, lm u khun, lm bnh trng, xay bt, lm bn, s ch tr, s ch ht iu, sn xut ru trng, sn xut nc . Nng, lm nghip: Tuy huyn Ct Tin trng trt cn ph thuc vo iu kin t nhin, l lt hn hn xy ra vi xc sut cao nhng nng nghip huyn Ct Tin vn c tc pht trin kh cao, bnh qun trong 5 nm (2006-2010) t 9,99%, Tng din tch gieo trng 16.147,5ha chim 37,85% din tch t nhin. t c kh nng m rng pht trin nng nghip cn nhiu nhng hu ht c iu kin a hnh cao dc, ch yu ch thch hp cho pht trin cy lu nm. Hn na a bn phn phi xa khu vc dn c, c v tr lin k vi Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin nh x Phc Ct 2, ng Nai Thng Trng trt ch yu l cy la, ng. Ngoi ra trng ma, u, iu v trng du nui tm. Ct Tin l vng trng im sn xut lng thc ca tnh Lm ng, sn xut tng nhanh c v din tch, nng sut, sn lng v h s s dng rung t, trong din tch bnh qun tng 3,21% nm, nng sut tng bnh qun 3,16%/nm, sn lng tng 6,46% nm. Chn nui: Ch yu tru, b, ln, d, nga v gia cm. Ngoi ra cn nui trng thy sn. Lm nghip: Tng din tch t lm nghip 27.881,7ha chim 65,36% din tch t t nhin, rng trng 1848ha. Mc khai thc lm sn b hn ch v c xu hng gim dn. c im ch l t lm nghip Ct Tin nn i theo hng nng-lm kt hp, pht trin kinh t trang tri, tn dng ti a nng lc t ai, ng thi to qu t pht trin chn nui. Tim nng du lch: Ct Tin c tim nng du lch kh thun li nh: du lch sinh thi, nghin cu khoa hc Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin, khu di tch kho c hc Ct Tin, nghin cu vn ha lch s 14 dn tc anh em. Bn cnh c h cha nc kl (lng h 170,5ha) hon thnh v h cha nc a S (lng h 203,8ha) ang chun b xy dng, vi tng din tch 2 h 374,3ha l nhng thng cnh p gp phn to nn tim nng du lch ca vng Ct Tin. Thng mi v dch v:

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hin nay thng mi, du lch, dch v khc pht trin cha tng xng vi tim nng. Trn a bn ton huyn c 12 doanh nghip, 05 hp tc x, 1.350 c s hot ng thng mi v dch v vi cc ngnh ngh nh xy dng, kinh doanh xng du, kim hon, i l xe my, Tim nng du lch ln, nhng kt cu h tng cho du lch cha c u t xy dng. H tng k thut: Giao thng: ng b: tuyn ng tnh l 721 ni quc l 20 i qua huyn Huoai Th n vi trung tm huyn Ct Tin v i huyn B ng tnh Bnh Phc giao vi quc l 14. ng huyn l (cc tuyn ng lin x) c 10 tuyn ng vi tng chiu di l 72,14km, trong nha ha c 13,71km, ng cp phi 16,43km v ng t t nhin 42km. ng thy: tuyn ng giao thng thy chy qua huyn di 72,8km, phc v giao thng i li gia Ct Tin vi dn c ven sng thuc tnh ng Nai, Bnh Phc v 6 x trong huyn. Phng tin vn ti thy c thuyn my ch hng v ch khch, c 3 bn chnh vi lu lng xut bn 4-6 chuyn/ngy. Vic t chc vn ti v u t phng tin t pht nn cha m bo an ton. in: c 142km ng dy trung th, 202km ng dy h th. n nay 100 x c li in quc gia, nm 2009, tng s h dng in 7.858 h t t l s h dng in 83,70% tng s h trn ton huyn, c tnh n nm 2010 c 9.415 s h dng in. Thy li: hng lot cng trnh thy li c quy m va v nh c xy dng nh: p Bo, H M Trung, H kl, H Phc Trung cc trm bm ti Phc Ct 1, Ph M, Qung Ngi v ang chun b khi cng xy dng H S. Ngoi cc cng trnh trn, trong nhn dn cn u t hng trm p bi, hng ngn my bm ln nh, a tng din tch ch ng tui trong v ng xun hng nm tng nhanh t 2.500 ha nm 2005 ln 3.056 ha nm 2009, chim 37,4% din tch v c 2010 t 4.036 ha, chim 52,16% din tch. Vic qun l khai thc thy li cng c trin khai t chc thc hin v bc u t kt qu tt nhm duy tu, bo dng kp thi cc cng trnh c u t xy dng. Cp nc: hin ti cc huyn Ct Tin cha c h thng cp nc sinh hot tp trung, ch c h thng cp nc cc b ca mt s c quan on th trong huyn vi quy m 10-15m3/ngy m. Hin nay 53% dn s trong huyn s dng nc sinh hot t ging o, s cn li s dng nc sng sui. Thng tin lin lc: ton huyn c 1 bu cc, 1 trm vin thng, 1 bu in, 10 im bu in vn ha x, 25 trm BTS ca mng Mobifone, in lc, Viettel. S my in thoi c nh tng nhanh t 3.728 my nm 2006 ln 10.000 my nm 2009. in thoi c a v 100% x, th trn trong huyn, bnh qun t 20 my /100 dn, vt ch tiu nhim v ra. 2.2.4.2. Vn ha x hi: Dn c: Huyn Ct Tin l mt vng t mi, dn c hu ht mi di c t ni khc n, k c ng bo dn tc thiu s, do vy im xut pht ca nn kinh t nng nghip v nng thn thp. Hn na ng bo dn tc ti ch ca huyn ch yu l ngi Chu M v STring l nhng sc tc rt t ngi v c trnh dn tr cng
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nh nng lc sn xut kinh doanh theo c ch th trng thuc loi thp nht hin nay Ty Nguyn. Theo kt qu s b cuc tng iu tra dn s v nh ngy 01/04/2009, ton huyn c 37.085 ngi (n: 17.967 ngui) trong thnh th l 6.619 ngui, nng thn l 30.466 ngi, t l tng dn s t nhin nm 2009 l 1,27%, s ngi tui lao ng 21.500 ngi trong s lao ng lm ngh nng v lm nghip l: 12.876 ngi. Gio dc: Ton huyn c 30 trng hc trong 4 trng mn non, 14 trng tiu hc, 1 trng tiu hc v trung hc c s vi 176 lp, 8 trng trung hc c s, 3 trng trung hc ph thng v 1 trung tm gio dc thng xuyn. Qua 5 nm (20062010) tng s lp hc ph thng gim 23 lp: t 345 lp nm 2006 xung cn 322 lp nm 2010, trong : tiu hc gim 10 lp, trung hc c s gim 10 lp, trung hc ph thng gim 3 lp. Cht lng gio dc v o to ngy cng c nng cao. Ton huyn chm dt tnh trng hc ca 3. t l huy ng hc sinh ra lp hng nm ngy cng tng, t l hc sinh gii tng dn theo cc nm. Tng s hc sinh tt nghip bc tiu hc l 3.876 em, t t l tt nghip bnh qun l 97,28%; tt nghip bc trung hc ph thng l 2.725 em, t t l tt nghip bnh qun l 88,23%, trong c trn 20% vo cc trng i hc, cao ng. Vic u t xy dng c s vt cht cho gio dc hng nm u tng, cng tc xy dng i ng cn b gio vin ngy cng c ch trng. n nay ton huyn c 99% gio vin t chun. Bn cnh , trung tm gio dc thng xuyn c nhiu c gng trong xy dng c s vt cht v thc hin nhim v. Lin kt cc n v: S gio dc o to Lm ng, trng cao ng s phm Lt tin hnh o to kin thc tin hc, hng nghip dy ngh, o to bi dng cho gio vin, o to giy php li xe hon thnh tt ch tiu ra. Y t: Ton huyn c 1 trung tm y t mi c xy dng v a vo s dng nm 2007, c 2 phng khm khu vc v 10 trm y t x; khng cn tnh trng x trng v y t. Trung tm y t huyn c 3 phng chc nng v 5 khoa phng, c u t nhiu trang b k thut cao nh: my siu m, X quang, my xt nghim sinh ha nhiu ch s, my to xy, in tim. Ton huyn hin c 120 ging bnh, bnh qun c 32 ging/1 vn dn. Trong , trung tm y t 50 ging, phng khm a khoa khu vc 20 ging v trm y t x, th trn c 50 ging. n nay, mng li y t thn bn c hnh thnh v i vo hot ng c hiu qu. Ton huyn c 100% thn, bn c b tr cn b y t. C 100% trm y t x t chun quc gia. i ng y bc s ngy cng c nng cao c s lng v cht lng; s cn b y t tng bnh qun 7,2% mi nm. Hin ton ngnh y t c 152 cn b v 89 nhn vin y t thn bn, trong t bc s tr ln l 18 ngi. Vic b tr cn b y bc s cho tuyn c s y t x c ch trng; hin 100% s x trong huyn c trn 3 cn b y t, 25% s trm y t c s c bc s. Nm 2009 ton huyn cp 18.627 th khm, cha bnh cho ngui ngho theo quy nh. 2.3. Danh lam thng cnh khu vc d n Di tch lch s, di ch kho c:

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Mt th tn gio c: Vn Quc gia Ct Tin v ang c bit n bi thnh a Tin- Ni c khong 20 ngi n m, n thp Bc sn ng ng Nai. y l Thnh a B la mn gio c i vng t phng Nam. Ct Tin ang tr thnh im n ca du lch vn ha-lch s. Nhu cu tm hiu v ci ngun ca t tin xa khng nhng ang tng ln du khch Vit Nam m vn l ch tm n ca khch quc t. Cc bun lng c: Ch nhn ca vng t k th ny l nhng ngi M, ngi STing. Hng ngn nm sng trong cnh thin nhin hoang d, cng ng c dn c ny sn sinh v gi gn vn ha bn sc ring, cc bun lng hnh thnh, sng vi hnh thi kinh t s khai; t nng lm ry, chc l ta ht, h bt u lm la bng cch cho tru qun rung ri gieo s V cc ngh th cng nh rn st, dt vi, an gi cng ra i. Ngi STing u lu gi nhng huyn tch v ni Ch Reng, ni Mi, sui Sng , hang Thot Y vi c mt kho tng truyn c dn gian, ca dao, ht i rt phong ph. B con vn gi gn cc nghi l a thn nh: l m tru, l rc hn la, l cng ry,Ngi STing cn chi mt nhc c c o, l so diu. Vn cn nguyn mt khng gian vn ha cng ching, vn cn nguyn thuyn c mc, v du tch ca ngi nh di

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

CHNG 3. NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG
3.1. Tm tt cc hot ng chnh ca d n Xy dng cng trnh thu in ng Nai 6, s tc ng tch cc v tiu cc n mi trng t nhin cng nh x hi. Li ch khi cng trnh hon thnh l pht in, cung cp nc, chng l, tng sn lng, tng v cho nng nghip, pht trin cng nghip, du lch a phng... Tuy nhin ngoi nhng li ch to ln th s hnh thnh h cha vi dung tch cha ln cng em ti cc tc ng bt li nh ngp lm thay i mc ch s dng t ca vng m v vng li, thay i h sinh thi mi trng ca Vn Quc gia Ct Tin cng nh vng d n. Phm vi nghin cu bao gm: - Vng thng lu bao gm ton b lu vc sng sui, h cha n tuyn cng trnh phng n kin ngh trn sng ng Nai. - Vng mt bng xy dng cng trnh gm khu u mi v tuyn nng lng. - Vng h lu p dng trn sng ng Nai v khu vc h cha. - Vng h du nh my thy in v ph lu ln cn ca sng ng Nai. Bng sau y lit k cc tc ng c th xy ra ca d n n mi trng theo cc khu vc. Phn nh gi tc ng s trnh by theo 2 giai on c bn l Giai on chun b & thi cng cng trnh. Giai on th hai l Tch nc h cha v Vn hnh cng trnh. 3.2. Nhn dng cc tc ng
Bng 47: Cc vn mi trng chnh TT I 1 1.1 Cng vic Tc nhn nhim Tc ng tim tng Mc GIAI ON CHUN B Chun b mt bng n b gii ta Mt t, di di ch , thay i cch sng Tc ng n i sng sinh hot, tp qun v iu kin kinh t ca cc h gia nh ang sinh sng trong khu vc Tc ng n cc yu t kinh t x hi trong khu vc Gim h sinh thi cn khu vc lng h Mt mt phn din tch c tr ca ng vt Tc ng n s dng t v ti nguyn t trong vng ngp Thay i cnh quan khu Trung hn Khng th trnh khi C th gim thiu

1.2

Dn dp lng h

Cht b cy

Di hn Khng th trnh khi Khng th phc hi

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Cy b phn hy trong lng h

Cht thi rn t bi thu gom cy dn dp lng h 1.3

II 1 1.1

1.2

Xy dng cc Lm mi ng thi cng, cc cng cng trnh trnh ph tr ph tr GIAI ON THI CNG Tc ng t cc CT ph tr phc v cho cng tc thi cng C s gia - Rc thi sn - nhim mi trng khng cng g xut kh xung quanh - Bi, ting n - nhim cht lng nc sng ng Nai do rc thi C s bo tr - Du nht thi - nhim cht lng nc v sa cha sng ng Nai c kh, xe - nhim t, tng nc my ngm C s sn xut b tng Xng gia cng thp - Ting n, bi -

vc lng h nhim cht lng nc sng ng Nai Tc ng n h thy sinh nh hng n ngun li thy sn trong khu vc v khu vc h lu nhim t, tng nc ngm nhim cht lng nc sng ng Nai nhim khng kh, nc Xua ui h ng vt cn

Trung hn C th gim thiu

- Trung hn - C th gim thiu

- Trung hn, - C th gim thiu - Trung hn - C th khc phc, gim thiu

1.3

1.4

- Rc thi sn xut - Bi

1.5 Kho cha nhin liu, thuc n - Tp trung nhiu nguyn liu d chy, d bt la nh xng, du - S c pht n ca kho thuc n - Rc thi sinh hot - Nc thi sinh hot -

1.6

Khu nh , sinh hot ca cng nhn

nhim mi trng khng - Trung hn kh xung quanh - C th gim thiu nhim cht lng mi - Trung hn trng khng kh xung - C th gim quanh thiu nhim cht lng nc ng Nai Kh nng chy n - Trung hn C th nguy hi n tnh - C th gim mng con ngi, ti sn thiu Anh hng xu n mi trng v sc khe cng ng nhim t, tng nc Trung hn ngm C th gim thiu nhim cht lng nc sng ng Nai nhim cht lng mi trng khng kh xung

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

quanh - nh hng n sc khe ca cng nhn v nhn dn trong khu vc - Anh hng n li sng - Cc tp qun Vn ho v phong tc tp Vn ho v t nn qun ca c dn a x hi phng - - nh hng n sc khe ca cng nhn, nhn dn trong vng 2 Tc ng t cng tc thi cng xy dng cng trnh 2.1 Bc b lp - nhim t, tng nc - D lng thuc ngm bo v thc vt c t mt cc trong t m t, ; - nhim cht lng nc o ly t - Hm lng cc sng ng Nai p p, n ho cht c hi - Tai nn lao ng, c bit mn khai thc c trong t l t cng tc n mn xy, p p - Bi, ting n - nhim mi trng khng kh xung quanh - Kh thi t cc - nh hng n sc khe phng tin thi cng c gii ca cng nhn 2.2 Xy dng p - Bi - nhim cht lng mi chnh v p trng khng kh xung - Kh thi t cc trn quanh phng tin thi Xy dng nh cng c gii - nhim cht lng nc my in sng ng Nai - Cc loi ha Xy dng - Tai nn lao ng cht, vt liu turnen dn chuyn dng b dng tht thot - S c Chn dng III GIAI ON TCH NC VO H V VN HNH 3.1 Tch nc - Thay i ch - Thay i cnh quan vo h, vn Thy vn ca lu - Gim dng chy l, gia vc, c bit l hnh pht tng dng chy kit. in vng h lu - Cn tr di c ca mt s loi thy sinh t h lu ln v ngc li - Cn tr s di chuyn ca mt s loi ng vt - Tc ng n ch vi kh hu - Tc ng n sc khe

- Trung hn - C th gim thiu

- Trung hn - C th gim thiu

- Trung hn - C th gim thiu - Trung hn - C th gim thiu

- Di hn - Khng th trnh khi

- Di hn - Di hn

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

3.2

S c mi trng

V p

cng ng khu vc gn h Thay i c cu s dng t Tc ng ln qu trnh bi lng xi l h lu C th nh hng n ranh gii mn vng h lu sng ng Nai Gy ngp lt khu vc h lu cng trnh

- Khng th trnh khi - Di hn - C th gim thiu

- Ngn hn - C th gim thiu

3.3. nh gi cc tc ng xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6, rt nhiu hng mc cng trnh s c thc hin, tuy nhin cc phn vic chnh c th tm tt trong cc nhm cng tc sau: - Cc hot ng pht quang, thu dn v gii phng mt bng cng trng - Xy dng cc khu ln tri v tp trung cng nhn xy dng - Hnh thnh cc khu sn xut phc v thi cng v cc bi thi - Cc hot ng khai thc v vn chuyn vt liu xy dng - Cc hot ng san lp, o p v xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh chnh v cng trnh tm, cng tc lp t thit b Cc nhm cng tc trn c d nh hon thnh trong khong thi gian 3 nm, trong nm th 2 c xem l nm c khi lng cng vic ln nht. Tc ng ti cc thnh phn Mi trng ca cc hot ng trn gy ra nh sau: 3.3.1. Giai on chun b mt bng v thi cng 3.3.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi Khu mt bng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6. Khu mt bng thy in ng Nai 6 xy dng chim dng 47,02 ha trong c 16 ha l din tch vnh vin (5,58 ha Vn Quc gia Ct Tin; 10,42 ha ca x Hng Bnh, huyn k RLp, tnh k Nng); 31,02 ha l din tch tm thi (3,49 ha ca Vn Quc gia Ct Tin; 27,53 ha din tch ca x Hng Bnh). Din tch rng b chim dng khu vc ny l rng kn thng xanh, tre na, trng c cy bi, khng c loi cy qu him no cn bo v Trong giai on san lp mt bng v xy dng cng trnh in ng Nai 6 cc ngun tc ng chnh lin quan n cht thi l:

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 48 : Ngun tc ng ca d n n mi trng TT Cng vic Tc nhn nhim Xe san i mt bng, xe ti 1 San lp mt bng vn chuyn t, ct, ....

Ngun gy tc ng Bi, kh thi, ting n v rung Bi, kh thi, ting n v rung. Xy dng nh iu hnh, h Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu Nc thi sinh hot ca thng giao thng, thu dn xy dng ct, .... cng nhn. lng h Rc thi thu dn lng h v rc thi sinh hot. Bc v lp t mt cc m Bi, kh thi, ting n v Xe ti vn chuyn ct, rung. t, ; o ly t p p, n mn khai thc xy, p Cc hot ng n mn p Xy dng p chnh v p Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu Bi, kh thi, ting n trn xy dng. v rung. Xy dng nh my in Cht thi hot ng ca Nc thi sinh hot. Xy dng knh dn dng, cng nhn xy dng Cht thi sinh hot. ng ng p lc

3.3.1.2. nhim khng kh, ting n nhim t hot ng san i mt bng, khai thc vt liu xy dng Qu trnh thi cng cc cng trnh ph tr, ng thi cng, khai thc cc m vt liu xy dng v vn chuyn vt liu n cc bi tr ti cng trng, xy dng cng trnh chnh nn s tp trung mt lng ln xe t vn chuyn, my mc v thit b thi cng s l ngun gy nhim khng kh, tng ting n v tc ng n cnh quan khu vc. n gin ho tnh ton, tnh cho cc hot ng cc phng tin xy dng ti khu vc u mi vi khi lng cao im o t qu 2 nm th nht l 528 nghn m3, o 97,6 nghn m3. Khu vc nh my vi khi lng cao im o t qu 2 nm th nht l 172,8 nghn m3, o 156 nghn m3. S dng phng php tnh pht thi ca c (Emission Estimation Technique Manual- Australia) tnh cho ngun c nh dng du diezen nh sau: Ekpy, i =F*LF*EFi Trong : Ekpy, i l ti lng cht nhim i cho loi ng c tnh ton (kg/nm) LF - H s s dng EFi - H s pht thi cht nhim i theo loi ng c v nhin liu (kg/kg) i - Loi cht nhim

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Kt qu tnh ton cho hot ng o h mng p v khu vc nh my trong 1 qu nm thi cng cao im c trnh by trong bng 49
Bng 49 : Lng pht thi cc ngun c nh dng diezen Lng thi Lng thi Lng thi Lng thi Loi ngun khu nh khu u max khu u max khu nh thi my mi mi my 3 Cht thi (mg/s) (mg/s) (mg/m ) (mg/m3) CO 920 533 0,008 0,005 NOx 7560 4135 0,07 0,04 PM10 585 247 0,005 0,002 SO2 496 214 0,006 0,002 VOCs 693 383 0,005 0,003 TCVN 5937-2005 30 0,2 0,3 (TSP) 0,35 -

(Ngun: Handbook of emission, Non Industrial Source, Netherlands) Lng cht nhim do cc ngun thi vi khong cch tnh ton 0,2 km hu ht nm trong phm vi cho php. khong cch gn mc nhim s cao hn v nh hng ch yu n cng nhn lm vic trn cng trng. Trong thi im c nhiu hot ng khc din ra trn cng mt khu vc s c kh nng nhim cng hng. Ngun n gy nn t m : M v cc khu vc khoan, o phi s dng thuc n trong qu trnh thi cng. Cc loi vt liu n thng dng l thuc n Amonit A1 (ROCK-BLASTING AMMONITE) hoc thuc n nh tng (NT13 v NT31). Hot ng n mn gy tc ng ch yu n cht lng khng kh v ting n ti khu vc. Trong k thut n mn ch c khong 25% nng lng c dng ph v , phn nng lng cn li c phng thch vo mi trng xung quanh di dng sng tc thi nh cc sng chn ng, cc sng nn p khng kh, sng m thanh v lc y trong ct , bi kh. nh hng ca n mn b mt i vi nhng khu vc dn c gn m l mt vn cn phi ch , v chng c th xua ui chim, th. Khi n mn, t khi v ra thnh tng, cc, hn vi cc kch c khc nhau, trong s c ht c phn trm, phn mi ca mm c a vo khng kh gy nhim do bi. ng thi khi n mn loi Amonit, lng cc cht kh NO2 v CO sinh ra lan truyn vo khng kh. N mn lm rung ng gy nh hng n cht lng cc cng trnh xy dng. Chn ng tc thi to ra vi cng > 100dBA. Kh nng bn t 200m - 300m tnh t tm n mn.Ting n gy ra khi s dng vt liu n c kh nng nh hng n ngi lao ng trc tip v cho khu vc dn c ln cn. Ting n do n mn ph c th ln ti 95-100dB, thm tr t trn 115dB so vi TCVN 3985-1999 quy nh thi gian tip xc vi ting n trong ngy khng qu 1gi. Tuy nhin ti cng trng thi gian n mn ngn v thng t 12 gi n 12gi 30 v t 17gi n 17gi 30 pht, vo thi im cc hot ng ngng ngh nn mc tc ng khng ng k.
Bng 50 : n ca hot ng n mn theo khong cch ti ngun Cng vic N mn Khong cch (m) 15 95-115 30 109 60 103 120 97 240 91 480 85,5

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i vi cng tc n mn th bn knh nh hng ting n s khong 2 km.

Tuy nhin vi cng trnh Thy in ng Nai 6 m t ti thn Chu M, x Hng Bnh huyn kRLp cch trung tm cng trnh 15km, vi cng tc n mn th bn knh nh hng ting n s khong 2 km xung quanh khu vc m , ting n gy ra khi s dng vt liu n c kh nng nh hng n ngi lao ng trc tip v cho khu vc dn c ln cn m khng gy nh hng n VQGCT.. Ngun n gy nn t tuyn ng vn chuyn: Cc phng tin vn chuyn trn ng gm xe ti hng nng, xe cn trc, my xc, i v.v. Do cng trng kh xa khu dn c (20-30km) nn i tng b nh hng ch yu l ngi iu khin phng tin, my mc v cng nhn tham gia cc hot ng trn cng trng. Ring cc xe vn chuyn xi mng, st thp n khu ph tr nh my theo tuyn ng ti cng trnh s lm gia tng nhim bi n cho ngi dn sng ven tuyn ng ny. n ca cc phng tin vn chuyn trn cng trng dao ng trong khong 80-96 dB, thm ch c th t ti 100dB v ln hn khi hot ng tp trung vi mt cao. Tnh s b n theo phng php d bo mc n tng ng trung bnh ca dng xe thng tnh d bo Lin x c. Xy dng cng theo tiu chun cch mp ng 7,5m cao 1,5m sau hiu chnh cc iu kin khc ca dng giao thng. Cng thc nh sau: Leq(1 gi) = LeqTC+ Lai (dBA) Trong : Leq(1 gi)- mc n tng ng trung bnh dng xe . LeqTC- Mc n c trng trung bnh dng xe tiu chun (ng bng phng, tc trung bnh 40km/h; 60% l xe ti v xe khch). Lai - Tng h s hiu chnh cc iu kin khc vi iu kin chun. Kt qu tnh s b n cho ng n p dng cho dng xe chy 2 ca/ngy c hiu chnh phn trm xe nng, kt cu mt ng vv..th n trn tuyn ng n p dng l khong 79dB. Ting n s gim dn theo khong cch sang 2 pha ca ng theo khong cch nh sau.
Bng 51 : n cc loi ngun theo khong cch Mc n Mc n Mc n Thit b, xe khong cch khong cch khong cch 7.5m (dB) 15m (dB) 30m (dB) Xe t 79 73 67 My i 99 93 87 My khoan 93 87 81 My m b tng 91 85 79 My ca tay 88 82 76 My nn 86 80 74 My ng ba 81 75 69 My trn b tng 81 75 69 Ngun: L Trnh - nh gi tc ng mi trng - Phng php v ng dng(NXB Khoa hc v K thut)

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Bng 52 : Tiu chun tip xc vi ting n (TCVN 3985-1999) Thi gian ti a cho php tip xc vi ting Mc n cho php (dB) n 24 gi 8 gi 4 gi 2 gi 1 gi 30 pht 15 pht n cho php ti a 70 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

So vi tiu chun cho php tip xc vi ting n th mc n pht sinh do s vn hnh ca cc phng tin, my mc, thit b ti a im cch ngun pht 15m u vt tiu chun cho php. Trong phm vi ny (15m cch ngun) cng nhn khng c php lm vic lin tc trong 24 gi. Tm li : t v my mc thit b thi cng l nguyn nhn c bn to ngun bi v n trong khu vc cng trng v cc khu vc ln cn. Cc nh hng ny l tm thi, xy ra trong phm vi mt bng cng trnh v m vt liu. Do vy tc ng nh hng ch yu n ngi lao ng trn cng trng cn i vi khu dn c l khng nhiu. 3.3.1.3. nhim mi trng nc Qu trnh xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6, s tc ng ng k n cht lng nc trong khu vc cng nh vng h lu sng ng Nai. Ngun nhim c th t qu trnh phn hu ca cy ci b chm ngp trong lng h, du nht thi ca thit b thi cng, nc thi sinh hot ca lc lng cng nhn, t cht thi rn ca tt c cc hot ng. nhim t cc c s bo tr, sa cha thit b Trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng, cc phng tin thi cng c gii s c bo tr, sa cha. Vi mt cng trnh nh ng Nai 6 d kin s c mt xng bo tr sa cha vi cng sut khong 60 xe/nm. Cc thit b c yu cu thay nht nh k v chnh ngun nht ny l nguy c gy nhim ngun nc. Kh nng gy nhim c th d bo v c tnh nh sau: - C s nghin sng ti m 240.000 m3/nm - C s Betong 200m3/h. - Bi xe thng xuyn 90 xe. - S ln thay trung bnh cho 1 xe: 4 ln/nm. - S lng nht trung bnh s dng cho 1 ln thay: 18 lt/ln thay/xe. - Khi lng xe sa cha v bo tr trung bnh: 60 xe/nm. - Tng lng du nht pht thi ln nht mt nm: 4320 lt, hoc 360lt/thng.
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Kho xng du 100 tn. Kho thuc n 30 tn. Lng du nht thi nu khng c thu gom v x l thch hp s l ngun gy nhim tim tng n cht lng nc sng ng Nai, n mi trng t v nc ngm do qu trnh thm. nhim t rc, nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn nhim do cht thi t sinh hot khi thi cng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 i hi phi tp trung mt lng ln cng nhn (vo thi gian cao im c th ln ti 2.000 ngi). Lc lng ny hng ngy s thi ra mt lng cht thi rn v nc thi ng k. Mt s vn v rc v nc thi nh sau: Thnh phn ch yu trong rc thi sinh hot: - Cc hp cht c ngun gc hu c nh thc phm, rau qu, thc n d tha - Cc hp cht c ngun gc giy t cc loi bao gi ng n, thc ung. - Cc hp cht v c nh nha, plastic, PVC, thy tinh, - Kim loi nh v hp, Rc thi sinh hot gm rc thi t cc khu ln tri v c s dch v. Lng rc thi tnh trung bnh l 0,5-0,7 kg /ngi ngy m. Lng rc thi tnh cho thi k cao im vi 3470 ngi l 2082 kg/ ngy. Phn thi trong vng d n ph thuc vo s ngi c mt trn cng trng, vo thi k cao im l 1041 kg/ngy m. Lng pht thi bnh qun: 0,3 kg/ngi/ngy m. Cht thi ny nu khng c thu gom s vng vi trn mt t lm mt m quan, khu phn hu to mi kh chu v gy nhim ngun nc. Nh vy tng lng phn thi c tnh khong 1041 kg/ngy m, hoc khong 379 tn/nm. Vi thi gian lu tr, lm vic ca cng nhn tng i di (4 nm), nu khng c cc bin php thu gom x l rc thi sinh hot thch hp th y s l ngun gy nhim kh ln n cht lng nc sng ng Nai, cng nh mi trng t v nc ngm trong khu vc. nhim do cht thi t xy dng: Ti cc m vt liu, do bc v lp ph thc vt v thi cc khi t khng t cht lng s dng nn b mt khu vc thi cng trong ma ma s b ra tri t v theo nc ma chy trn chy v sng ng Nai, lm tng c. Cc hot ng nh t lp sng, nghin sng, hot ng my mc, t vn chuyn cng lm tng hm lng c cc on sng, sui ph cn. Cc loi ph liu nh giy xi mng, ni lng..c th lm cn tr dng chy, khi phn hu lm nhim ngun nc. Ngoi ra cn phi k n s nhim khng thng xuyn do du m t cc c s sa cha bo dng xe my v r r t cc my thi cng. Nh vy, cht thi rn t sinh hot v xy dng s gia tng nhim mi trng t v nc cc x c khu ph tr ca cng trnh. Tuy nhin tc ng ny xy ra cc b, tm thi v c th gim thiu. Khi cng trnh vo giai on hon thin, lp my cc tc ng ny s gim dn v s ht khi cng trnh vn hnh. Nc thi sinh hot Nc thi sinh hot ph thuc vo s lng cng nhn xy dng. Thnh phn nc thi ch yu cha cc loi vi khun, cc cht hu c, cc cht rn l lng. Kt
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qu phn tch nc thi sinh hot nhiu nm khu vc th v khu dn c ca b mn cp thot nc (H xy dng) c trnh by nh sau: nhim do cht thi t xy dng: Ti cc m vt liu, do bc v lp ph thc vt v thi cc khi t khng t cht lng s dng nn b mt khu vc thi cng trong ma ma s b ra tri t v theo nc ma chy trn, chy v sng ng Nai lm tng c. Cc hot ng nh t lp sng, nghin sng, hot ng my mc, t vn chuyn cng lm tng hm lng c cc on sng, sui ph cn. Cc loi ph liu nh giy xi mng, ni lng..c th lm cn tr dng chy, khi phn hu lm nhim ngun nc. Ngoi ra cn phi k n s nhim khng thng xuyn do du m t cc c s sa cha bo dng xe my v r r t cc my thi cng. Nh vy, cht thi rn t sinh hot v xy dng s gia tng nhim mi trng t v nc cc x c khu ph tr ca cng trnh. Tuy nhin tc ng ny xy ra cc b, tm thi v c th gim thiu. Khi cng trnh vo giai on hon thin, lp my cc tc ng ny s gim dn v s ht khi cng trnh vn hnh. Nc thi sinh hot Nc thi sinh hot ph thuc vo s lng cng nhn xy dng. Thnh phn nc thi ch yu cha cc loi vi khun, cc cht hu c, cc cht rn l lng. Kt qu phn tch nc thi sinh hot nhiu nm khu vc th v khu dn c ca b mn cp thot nc (H xy dng) c trnh by nh sau:
Bng 53 : Thnh phn v cht lng nc thi sinh hot khu dn c Nc thi STT Thng s phn tch n v cng chung 1 pH 7,0-7,8 2 TDS mg/l 100-250 3 DO mg/l 0,5-2,0 4 BOD5 mg/l 80-250 5 COD mg/l 120-400 6 Nit tng hp mg/l 5-30 7 Pht pho tng mg/l 1,5-3,5 8 Coliform MNP/100ml 104-107 Ngun: Trn c H - trng H Xy Dng Nc thi cng ring 7,2-7,8 150-350 0-1,5 150-350 180-600 8-35 1,5-4,5 105-107

S lng ngi trn cng trnh vo nm xy dng th hai l thi im cng nhn tp trung trn cng trng cao nht khong hn 2350 ngi, trung bnh hng ngy lng nc sinh hot bnh qun mi ngi l 120 lt/ngy.ngi, thi ra mi trng lng nc thi 80% lng nc dng cho sinh hot tc l thi ra 96 lt/ngi.ngy, vy tng lng nc thi s l: 220.560 lt/ngy, tng ng vi 220 m3. Trn c s ny tnh c ti lng cc cht nhim c trng t nc thi ra khu vc d n.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Thnh phn nc thi sinh hot ch yu cha cc loi vi khun, cc cht hu c, cc cht rn l lng, vi mt s c trng c bn nh sau:
Bng 54 : Thnh phn c trng ca nc thi sinh hot Cht nhim 1.Cht rn tng cng(TS) - Ha tan (TDS) - L lng (SS) 2. Cht rn lng c 3. BOD520 4. COD 5. Tng lng cc bon hu c 6. Tng Nit (tnh theo N) -Hu c - Amoni t do - Nitrt - Nitrt 7. Tng phtpho (tnh theoP) - Hu c - V c 8. Tng Coliform 9. Ccbon hu c bay hi n v Yu mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L No/100 mL g/L 350 250 100 5 110 250 80 20 8 12 0 0 4 1 3 6 7 10 - 10 <100 Nng Trung bnh 720 500 220 10 220 350 160 40 15 25 0 0 8 3 5 7 8 10 -10 100-400 Mnh 1200 850 350 20 400 500 290 85 35 50 0 0 15 5 10 7 9 10 -10 >400

Ngun: Wastewater Engineering. Treatment, Disposal, Reuse. Mc GRAW-HILL International Edition. Third Edition. 1991

Mc nhim ca nc thi sinh hot do hot ng ca cng nhn ti khu vc d n mc trung bnh ca bng trn. Ti lng cc cht nhim c trng t nc thi sinh hot c tnh ton v trnh by trong bng 55
Bng 55 : Ti lng cc cht nhim c trng t nc thi sinh hot Cht nhim Tng Nit Tng Pht pho SS COD BOD5
Ngun: VQHTLMN, 12/2009

Ti lng (kg/ngy) 8 1,6 44 70 44

Nhn xt: Ti lng cc cht nhim c trong nc thi sinh hot mc cao v thi gian lu tr ca cng nhn tng i di (4 nm). Do trong giai on xy dng d n nu khng c cc bin php x l thch hp s l ngun gy nhim tim tng n cht lng nc sng ng Nai, n mi trng t v nc ngm.

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

c im cc khu ph tr thu in ng Nai 6 l phn tn. Khu ln tri ca khu ph tr cm u mi nm bn b phi p chnh, nc thi t x v sui h lu p ri chy v sng ng Nai. Khu ln tri 2 phc v tuyn nng lng x nc thi v h lu sng ng Nai. Ngoi ra cn c nc thi t cc trm b tng, khu sn xut c tnh kim cao nu x trc tip c th lm tng kim nc sui v sng. Tc ng ny mang tnh cc b, tm thi v c th gim thiu, tuy nhin lng nc thi phi c thu gom v h thng x l nc thi tp chung v x l cho t chun ri mi c x vo ngun tip nhn. nhim do qu trnh phn hu hu c ca lp ph thc vt b ngp. Qu trnh tch nc vo h s lm ngp thm thc vt trong khu vc. Xc thc vt phn hu s lm nhim ngun nc h. Cc ch s nhim s c tnh ton qua cc ch s BOD, Pht pho v Nit. Tng sinh khi ca thm thc vt b ngp kt qu kho st v tnh ton cho thy tng sinh khi cc loi cy b ngp trong lng h l 9582 Tn. 3.3.1.4. nhim mi trng t Thay i mc ch s dng t Xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A, mt din tch t ng k i hi phi c chuyn mc ch s dng. Theo tnh ton ca cng ty T vn in I, vi mc nc dng bnh thng vi cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 l 224m th cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 lm nh hng 345 ha t cc loi trong mt din tch khong 150,7 ha t rng cc loi s b ngp l khu vc lng h v chin dng 24,00 ha t rng lm mt bng cng trnh, 194,3 l t sng sui bi . Nhng khng nh hng n h dn no. Vic xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 s dng ch yu l t lm nghip c rng, c bit l t rng VQGCT, t rng thuc vng li v vng m vn tc ng trong qu trnh thi cng n hot ng ca vn QGCT l vn rt nhy cm. Trong cc loi t trn, ti y cc loi cy c c pht sch v vy, khi tch nc, lp t ny tr nn bo ho v di tc ng ca s bin ng gia mc nc dng bnh thng v mc nc cht chng rt d st l. Lng t st l s gp phn y nhanh tc bi lng lng h. Do a hnh vng lng h kh dc, do vy, din tch vng bn ngp l khng nhiu, tuy nhin, din tch t c gia tng m tng ng k. Phn din tch t trng v sng sui khng chu tc ng ng k no.Tm li v t, din tch t phi chuyn i mc ch s dng khng ln (ch khong 345 ha), trong ch yu l t sng sui v hoang ho. Tuy nhin t l mt rng cho 01MW in thp hn so vi cc d n thy in khc trong khu vc ( T l ch khong 10ha rng/1KW). Nh vy l chp nhn c. Tc ng n Mi trng t ca d n l khng ng k, so vi qu t ca a phng. iu ny c th hin rt r trong cc bo co chnh quyn cc cp trong vng d n.

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 56: Tng hp din tch t nh hng thy in ng Nai 6 (PA kin ngh -tuyn 5A) -giai on DAT (MNDBT 224m) TT a danh t rng phng h Nam Ct Tin ( ha) 73.25 73.25 t rng Vn quc gia Ct Tin ( ha) 77.45 70.81 6.64 10.42 10.42 5.58 27.53 27.53 3.49 3.49 5.58 t sng sui, bi ( ha) 194.3 97.15 64.76 32.39 8.00 4.00 4.00 Tng ( ha) 345 170.4 135.57 39.03 24.00 14.42 9.58 31.02 27.53 3.49

KHU VC LNG H

1 2 3
B

x Hng Bnh x ng Nai Thng x Lc Bc


KHU VC CNG TRNH CHNH

1 2
C

x Hng Bnh x ng Nai Thng


KHU VC XIN CP T TM THI

1 2

x Hng Bnh x ng Nai Thng

Thay i ch thy vn dng chy Xy dng nh my thy in ng Nai 6 s lm thay i c bn ch thy vn dng chy ca cc sui h lu nh sui Darkeh . Nhng thay i ny c th tm tt nh sau: (2) Dng chy kit Ma kit thng bt u t thng XII v ko di n thng IV/V nm sau, khong 5- 6 thng ty tng vng: + Vng trung lu sng ng Nai v thng ngun sng La Ng, sng B ma kit ko di 5 thng. + Vng thng lu a Nhim ma kit ko di 8 thng. + Cc vng khc cn li c ma kit ko di 6 thng.
Bng 57 : S ln xut hin thng kit nht v module dng kit t thng I-V Thng Trm c trng I II III IV S ln 0 6 11 2 T l (%) 0,0 31,6 57,9 10,5 Mbq (l/s.km2) 11,1 7,92 6,98 13,37 Mmax (l/s.km2) 16,84 17,86 12,73 34,49 i Nga Nm 1994 1997 1997 1997 2 Mmin (l/s.km ) 7,41 4,14 3,02 4,14 Nm 1982 1982 1984 1987 S ln 0 2 11 9 T l (%) 0,0 8,7 47,8 39,2 Mbq (l/s.km2) 10,5 6,2 4,7 6,0 2 Mmax (l/s.km ) 15,2 10,1 7,1 13,0 T Pao Nm 1987 1997 1982 1982 Mmin (l/s.km2) 6,57 3,71 2,64 2,84 Nm 1989 1989 1998 1977

V 0 0,0 23,8 53,74 1997 6,02 1987 1 4,3 12,0 26,8 1986 4,00 1987

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Hng nm, lu lng kit nht trn cc sng sui thng ri vo thng III v IV (vng cao nguyn Bo Lc vo thng II v III). Dng chy kit LVHTSN kh nh do ma kh t ma v ko di. Module dng chy kit bnh qun thng kit nht ca lu vc khong 2-4 l/s.km2. Thng a Nhim, lu vc sng Si Gn, L Bung l nhng ni c dng chy kit ln, module t t 5-8 l/s.km2. Lu vc La Ng, trung lu sng ng Nai c module kit t 3-5 l/s.km2. Lu vc sng B v Vm C ng c module kit trung bnh t 2-3 l/s.km2. H lu a Nhim v mt s sng sui nh thuc h lu sng B c module kit nh nht, t 0,5-2,0 l/s.km2. vng ny, cc lu vc b di 50 km2 thng cho module kit di 0,5 l/s.km2, thm ch c ni nh khng ng k hoc bng khng. Nh vy, module kit khng nhng ph thuc vo lng ma m cn ph thuc vo iu kin a cht, th nhng v thm thc vt ca tng lu vc. Trn sng ng Nai, pha thng lu p, dng chy trn sng tr thnh ch h cha, vi mc bin ng kh cao trong ma kh. Nhng do nh my b tr sau p nn sau khi nc qua cc t my s c tr li dng chy cho sng. Nhng nu lch vn hnh x nc ca nh my b tr khng hp l s lm nh hng ti dng chy Mi trng ca sng ng Nai v khi s lm suy thoi h sinh thi t ngp nc v nh hng mc nc ngm ca h lu. Do on cn li, nh c s b sung ca cc sui nn nh hng khng ng k. Theo kt qu tnh ton dng chy kit vi tn sut 95% ca sng ti v tr ngay sau tuyn p l vo khong 5,8m3/s. Nh vy, theo kinh nghim ca mt s nc trn th gii1, m bo dng chy Mi trng cho pha h lu p cn dng chy ti thiu t 2 m3/s n 3,7 m3/s. Tuy nhin, xt iu kin thc t ca khu vc h lu dc hai bn b sng; cha pht hin thy cc loi sinh vt qu him, rng cy ch yu pht trin trn sn dc cao, khng chu nh hng t ngun nc sng. Mt khc, qua tnh ton kinh t ca cng ty T vn in I, nu phi x mt lng nc t 2 3m3/s, sn lng in b mt hng nm s trn 30.000.000 kwh, tng ng vi trn 20 t ng/nm. Xt nh hng ti Mi trng v hiu qu kinh t ca cng trnh, vic chn dng ng Nai l c th chp nhn c. Dng chy l Trn sng ng Nai, nh tc dng iu tit ca h cha nn dng chy l s c trit gim ng k (vi P= 0,5%, lu lng l l 8550 m3/s, trong khi lu lng trn tnh ton thit k trn cng tn sut ch 8534 m3/s) - Trn thng lu sng dng chy l gia tng so vi hin trng do tip nhn lng l x t trn ph v lu lng qua tuc bin. - Mc nc ngp ca h tnh t mp ngp n Vn QGCT khong 100200m do a hnh dc v b sng cao (xem bng 59 v hnh 43 v hnh 44). (2) Dng chy rn Trong giai on thi cng, lng t o thi ra kh ln. Lng t ny nu khng c tp trung, x l tt, di tc ng ca ma s b ra tri xung sng lm cho dng chy rn ca sng tng cao. Trong giai on tch nc, vn hnh, do lng

Flow The essential of Environmental flows, trang 14, 25

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

cc cht rn b ngn gi bi cc p, dng chy rn trn cc sui trong khu vc s b gim ng k v cc sui trong khu vc tc ng ny kh ln, trn v trong khi sng ng Nai l khng ng k. (2) a cht thy vn Nc ngm tng nng, trong khu vc s c nhng thay i ng k v lng. on sau p ca sng ng Nai, do dng chy kit gim s lm gim lng nc ngm tng nng. t ai tr nn kh cn hn, c bit l pha h lu. Khu vc xung quanh lng h v pha thng ngun, nh mc nc cha trong h dng cao, tng nc ngm tng nng s c b sung v dng cao. t ai quanh vng s c gia tng v m. 3.3.1.5. Tnh ton m phng DT ngp ng do l v so vi DT ngp lng h
S dng m hnh thu lc c lp v kim nh nh trn y m phng cc trng hp xy ra l t nhin, l x trn. Lu lng l tn sut v lu lng x trn c trnh by trong bng 58 sau y. Bng 58: Lu lng l t nhin tn sut v lu lng x trn thit k tuyn N6 L tn sut L tn sut L tn sut Lu lng x P=10% P=5% P=1% trn TK Tuyn Qmax T nh Qmax T nh Qmax T nh Qmax T nh (m3/s) (gi) (m3/s) (gi) (m3/s) (gi) (m3/s) (gi) N6A 3.610 47 4.570 47 7.270 47 8.589 Kt qu tnh ton din tch vn quc gia Ct Tin b ngp do l tn sut xut hin trong khong 10 nm (P10%) v 20 nm (P5%) mt ln trong khu vc lng h N6A ln hn din tch do h tch nc gy ngp. Trong lng h N6 din tch vn quc gia Ct Tin b ngp do l P10% v P5% gy ra khong 45-55 ha, nh vy din tch vn quc gia Ct Tin b ngp gia tng do h tch nc gy ra ch khong 22-32 ha. Bng 59: Thng k din tch vn QG Ct Tin b ngp do l v cc tuyn h Tiu khu/ Tuyn cng trnh Tiu khu 497 Tiu khu 504 Tiu khu 505 Khu 506 Tuyn N6A Tiu khu 506 Tiu khu 422 Tiu khu 421 Tiu khu 420 Tuyn N6 L P10% 15,88 4,28 10,95 4,75 35,86 5,30 16,72 14,01 9,51 45,54 Din tch ngp (ha) L P5% H tch nc 16,87 5,15 21,46 6,46 49,94 28,57 6,25 21,35 13,93 13,63 55,17 77,5 H tch nc gia tng so vi l P10%/P5%

Nh hn l

Tng 31,96 / 22,33

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Hnh 43: Phm vi ngp do l tn sut P5% v do h cha tch mc MNDBT tuyn N6

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hnh 44 : Phm vi ngp do l tn sut P5% v do h cha tch mc MNDBT tuyn N6

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3.3.1.6.

Tnh ton m phng ngp ng vng h lu

Vng Nam Ct Tin-a Hoai-T Li l vng t kh bng phng, l ni tp trung dn cu ng c v pht trin sn xut nng nghip. Theo kt qu nghin cu quy hoch phng chng l vng Nam Ct Tin-a Hoai-T Lai do Vin QHTLMN thc hin, c hnh nh phm vi ngp do l nm 2000 da theo kt qu m phng bng m hnh thu lc Mike11-GIS nh Hnh 45.

Hnh 45: M phng hin trng ngp nm 2000 vng Ct Tin-a Hoai-T Li Vi trng hp l thng ngun tn sut P5% c lu lng nh l ln hn 1,86 ln so vi l nm 2000, phm vi ngp vng Nam Ct Tin-a Hoai-T Li gia tng ch yu khu vc pha Bc (Phc Ct, DakLo). Phm vi ngp gia tng do l tn sut P5% c trnh by trn Hnh 46. Cao trnh mc nc dc sng trnh by trong bng 60.

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Hnh 46: Bn so snh ngp l tn sut P5% vi hin trng l 2000 Trong trng hp h N6 x trn vi lu lng thit k Q=8589 m3/s ln gp 1,88 ln so vi l tn sut P5% v gp 3,5 ln l nm 2000, mc ngp

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 60: Thng k mc nc l vng Nam Ct Tin-a Hoai-T Li do l nm 2000, l tn sut v x trn t thng lu V tr Phc Ct c Ph DakLo TB Ph M Dar Si ThacKhi Da T DaHoai Ni Thng T Li L trnh (km) 0.0 2.7 5.7 7.8 9.3 11.0 12.5 13.2 18.8 19.2 20.6 26.9 27.7 34.5 35.8 37.0 43.5 49.0 51.1 52.7 55.1 59.2 60.9 Cao trnh mc nc (m) L 2000 140.29 139.17 138.27 137.54 136.92 136.47 136.36 136.28 135.68 135.66 135.62 135.39 135.16 132.31 131.90 131.76 129.02 117.50 116.90 116.52 115.39 114.15 113.57 P10% 140.97 139.78 138.79 137.99 137.31 136.82 136.71 136.64 136.07 136.05 136.01 135.77 135.52 132.97 132.69 132.58 129.67 117.54 116.91 116.53 115.40 114.16 113.58 P5% X trn 142.01 145.17 140.82 144.00 139.73 142.67 138.87 141.73 138.21 141.02 137.86 139.36 137.77 139.31 137.70 139.26 137.27 138.80 137.26 138.24 137.23 137.18 137.00 137.03 136.69 136.00 134.85 133.80 134.74 133.70 134.69 133.65 131.35 130.20 118.27 124.20 117.13 123.80 116.73 123.40 115.71 122.20 114.58 121.60 114.03 121.00 Tng mc nc so vi l 2000(m) P10% 0.68 0.61 0.52 0.45 0.39 0.35 0.35 0.36 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.38 0.36 0.66 0.79 0.82 0.65 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 P5% 1.72 1.65 1.46 1.33 1.29 1.39 1.41 1.42 1.59 1.60 1.61 1.61 1.53 2.54 2.84 2.93 2.33 0.77 0.23 0.21 0.32 0.43 0.46 X trn 4.88 4.83 4.40 4.19 4.10 2.89 2.95 2.98 3.12 2.58 1.56 1.64 0.84 1.49 1.80 1.89 1.18 6.70 6.90 6.88 6.81 7.45 7.43

3.3.1.7. Xi mn b mt lu vc Kt qu nghin cu chuyn ngnh a cht ca Cng ty TVXD in 1 cho thy hot ng a cht ng lc vng nghin cu ch yu l hin tng trt l tng ph pht trin cc b quy m nh trong khu vc tuyn nng lng ti nhng ni sn dc tng ph dy. Vn xi mn lu vc, c bit l khu vc xy dng cng trnh s xy ra cc mc khc nhau thng qua cc hot ng xy dng v cc hot ng khc c th lit k nh sau: Tn tht thm thc vt, thm ph b mt do san i to mt bng thi cng khu vc u mi, m ng tn thu hoc thu dn thm thc vt trong khu vc h cha, ly ci, g v t rng lm ry o p, san i xy dng cng trnh u mi p chnh, p trn v tuyn nng lng, cc cng trnh ph tr, bi thi, bi cha ... Lm mi h thng cc ng giao thng thi cng, vn hnh c bit l tuyn ng t khu u mi n tuyn cng trnh, ng n nh my v knh dn h lu, bi tr... s phi bc lp th nhng, thm thc vt, san i, to taluy v t s hnh thnh
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

cc sn dc. Tt c cc yu t trn s to ln s xi mn b mt cho khu vc ny, c bit cc hot ng thc hin trong ma ma. Tc ng dy truyn do tp trung ng ngi. Trong thi k xy dng mt s lng cng nhn xy dng tp trung v khu vc d n. Cc nhu cu sinh hot, ngh ngi, gii tr, n tht th rng, nhu cu mua g qu, nhu cu mua cc loi ng vt ngm ru tng ln. Ngun nhu cu v cc sn phm rng tng ln, kh nng tiu th l rt d, khng phi vn chuyn xa, kh pht hin cc hot ng mua bn b lng ghp vo cc hot ng sn xut cng nghip. y l nhng nguyn nhn dy truyn rt kh nh gi nhng tc ng ny gim thiu c. 3.3.1.8. Tc ng n h sinh thi (B/E) Trc khi xy dng CTT ng Nai 6, cc tc ng bt li vi ng vt nh mt sinh cnh sng do xm ln t rng lm t canh tc, m ng giao thng nng thn, nn chy rng, khai thc ti nguyn rng (g, ci, cc sn phm phi g...), sn bt ng vt rng lm thc phm, lm thuc v s xm c ca mt s ngi dn khu vc ln cn vn t nhiu din ra a bn gp phn lm suy gim s lng cc loi ng vt hoang d trong khu vc. Khi xy dng cng trnh thu in ng vt trn cn b tc ng ch yu l do chim dng sinh cnh sng v nh hng ca ting n, s lm nh hng cho cc loi ng vt. Cc th ln s di chuyn n khu vc yn tnh v an ton hn nh cc khu bo tn v cc th nh chuyn ln cc khu rng ln cn cao hn cn li khng b cht. Cc hot ng xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 s tc ng ti cc thnh phn sinh hc sinh thi nh sau: Khi thu dn h to h cha th vic cht cy, thu dn mt bng: Khu vc h cha: Tc ng n h thc vt khu mt bng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 khi xy dng s lm gim din tch thm ph thc vt: Cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 vi phng n kin ngh (tuyn 5, nh my b phi, MNDBT 224m) H thy in ng Nai 6 s lm ngp khong 77,45 ha din tch ca cc loi thm ph thc vt ca vn Quc gia Ct Tin ( khu vc Ct Lc) chim khong 0,105% din tch vn Quc gia Ct Tin; 73,25 ha khu vc vng m Ct Lc hin nay do ban qu l rng phng h Nam Ct tin s NN&PTNT tnh k Nng qun l, trong c Din tch rng xanh trung bnh, rng hn giao b mt l rt nh ( Ngun bo co iu tra thit hi v bi thng h tr - CTCPTVXD4) , vi thnh phn loi ch yu l cc loi cy cong queo, su bnh, khng c gi tr. Din tch cn li ch yu l cc trng c, cy bi; vic hnh thnh mt h rng cng to iu kin giao thng thun li Lm tc tip cn d dng hn vi cc khu rng nguyn sinh cng l mt tc ng cn c quan tm; Qu trnh xy dng cng trnh thy in ci thin iu kin h tng c s trong khu vc, iu ny gp phn thc y qu trnh di dn t do, lm tng p lc ln ti nguyn Mi trng ni chung v thm ph thc vt ni ring. N cng l tc nhn chnh lm bin i cnh quan ca khu vc. Tng sinh khi chm ngp trong vng lng h

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Din tch thm thc vt s b ngp trong h thy in, theo phng php cc loi sinh khi cy ng ca kato, ogawa p dng cho h thy in ng Nai 6 (bc thang kin ngh u t trc) th tng sinh khi kh trong lng h theo cc loi sau:
Bng 61: Din tch ngp ca tng loi thm thc vt N-6 (ha) Rng kn Rng hn Rng na thng xanh giao va 224 50 51 Din tch rng (ha) Cy hng nm 8 Trng c cy bi 31

Nhn chung tc ng gim din tch thm ph thc vt c nh gi l khng th trnh khi song khng ng k, khng nh hng n thnh phn loi nhiu, cng nh tnh a dng ca h sinh thi y hu nh khng c loi thc vt qu him cn c bo v. Cn quan tm n vic qun l, x l vic khai thc ci g v sn bt ng vt c kh nng s tng theo s gia tng tm thi s lng cng nhn trong giai on xy dng, nh xy ra cc cng trnh thy in khc. Nhng nhng tc ng ny c bin php gim thiu c. Tc ng n cc sinh vt khc 1) Khu h chim Ting ng trong qu trnh thi cng cng trnh l tn hiu bo cho cc qun th chim di c i ni khc, do vy v mt c th loi, chng khng b nh hng. Tuy nhin, t v trng ca chng s b mt i do cng tc dn mt bng v vic tch nc. Vic tch nc s lm cho ton b din tch vn cy, trng c cy bi v rng tre na s tc ng nhiu ti cc loi chim c tp tnh chn nhng ni ny sinh sng. Nhng loi c kh nng di chuyn xa, c th di chuyn ti nhng khu vc khc trong vng, song i vi cc loi nh chim Tr, t c kh nng di chuyn xa, kim n trn t (cc loi ht, cn trng), ng trn cy v lm t di t nn s chu tc ng kh ln, chim trng thnh c th di chuyn ln cao, song s mt trng v chim non. i vi nhm chim nc, trc y do khu vc ny ch c sui v sn ni, khng c din tch t ngp nc ln nn t pht trin. Khi to h, din tch ngp nc tng ng k s l iu kin tt thu ht cc loi chim nc nh c, Dic, Bi c n sinh sng. 2) H th H ng vt trn cn li rt nhy cm v phn ng nhanh vi cc tc ng t cc hot ng ca con ngi. Nhng loi ng vt qu him, vi c im chung l s lng c th rt t, tp tnh hot ng kim n v sinh sn i hi mi trng sng rt ngt ngho, tc ng t bn ngoi do con ngi gy nn hu nh khng c. Trong qu trnh xy dng cng trnh, khu vc mt bng cng trnh, ting n do cc hot ng ca cc loi xe c gii nh xe i, my xc, t ch nguyn vt liu, gy ra nhng thay i v phn ng nhanh nhy ca cc loi ng vt, nht l cc loi chim v th. s lm cho cc loi th hong s di chuyn i ni khc; nhng loi th sinh sng trong hang s b e da nhiu hn; nhng tuyn ng thi cng chc chn s b phn ct qun c v nh hng ti tp tnh sn mi. Tuy nhin trong khu vc lng h do phn ln din tch thm ph thc vt l vn

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

cy, trng c, bi nav gn khu gip ranh vi dn c nn dng nh khng c th ln sinh sng, tuy nhin, vi mt s loi th nh v nhng loi th c tp tnh sng trong hang nh Nhm (Hylomys suilus), Di mc (Rhizomys pruinosus) v mt s loi chut rt d b cht ngt do khng kp di chuyn khi tch nc vo h; Cc loi th khc nh Sn Dng (Capricornis sumatraensis), Heo rng, Mo, Kh, Chn l nhng loi c kh nng di chuyn nhanh, xa, nn nh hng khng ng k. Chng c th chuyn sang khu vc khc. V tr tuyn p phng n kin ngh thy in ng Nai 6 pha Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin ch cch t nng nghip ca x ng Nai Thng huyn Ct Tin tnh Lm ng 267m. Hot ng sinh hot v nng nghip ca khu dn c x ng Nai Thng c nh hng nht nh n khu vc ln cn vn Quc Gia. Nn xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 vi vic bo v cht ch s gp phn tng cng c cng tc bo v v ngn nga hot ng ca con ngi nh hng n Vn Quc Gia. a. Cc tc ng ca d n ti cc loi ng vt qu him v T gic*: iu ng quan tm nht l loi T gic 1 sng Rhinoceros sondaicus vng rng Ct Lc (tnh Lm ng) chnh l vng c qui hoch nm trong vng hot ng sng ca loi ny vi c lng ca cc nh khoa hc hin ch cn t 3-5 c th. Theo cc ti liu cng b, nhng khu vc c thng tin v s c mt ca loi ny l sui Ti on gn sng ng Nai gn thn 4. Ngoi ra, nhng a im khc c thng tin v du chn, phn t gic nh thn 3, cc vng ngp nc nh nh Bu Khin, Bu Thin, Bu Su.( Ngun tin ly t bo co hot ng ca VQGCT 2008) Nhng vi phng n tuyn p 5 v tr chn p cch khu t gic 1 sng khong 11 km (xem hnh 41, s v tr cng trnh v khu sinh sng ca t gic 1 sng). Cc nghin cu v t gic v cc loi th ln ti Ct Lc ch ra vng phn b ca T gic 1 sng v cc loi th ln, loi th mng guc qu him nh B tt, B rng ti Ct Lc nm thuc vng k mu en) * Cc tc ng ti cc loi ng vt qu him: Cn c v tr p v a hnh thc t ca khu t gic v ng vt c th xem xt cc nh hng c th sau: 1. Mi trng khng kh trong vng sng ca t gic v cc loi th ln Khu vc mt bng cng trnh nm cch khu vc phn khu t gic tng i xa t chn tuyn p kin ngh thy in ng Nai 6, ng thi cng bn b tri cch khu vc t gic 11 km, s khng nh hng trc tip, ngoi ra cn cc loi th qu him nh vn en m vng, B tt, Gu ch 2. Nc Theo bn khu vc sinh sng ca t gic khng nm trong lu vc ca thy in ng Nai 6 nn ch thy vn: dng chy, mc ngp lt, lu lng dng chy ti cc sui, ch m ni sinh sng ca t gic khng b nh hng ca vic xy dng p thy in ng Nai 6. V th khu vc ngp nc Bu chim Bu Mui khong ni ung nc, ngh ngi ca t gic (vng trung tm ca khu vc k en) khng b nh hng bi s thay i ch thy vn p thy in. 3. Ngun thc n: Cng theo kt qu nghin cu v t gic ti Ct Lc th vic thi cng thy in ng Nai 6 khng nh hng trc tip ti vng kim n ca T gic. Din tch rng b ngp trong lng h khng thuc vng phn b, kim n ca T gic, cc loi thc vt b
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

ngp khng nh hng ti s sinh trng, pht trin ca thm thc vt trong khu vc sinh sng ca T gic. Nh vy ngun thc n ca t gic v mt s loi th mng guc qu him nh B tt, B rng khng b nh hng trc tip t cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6. 4. t, lp ph th nhng. Nh bit vng phn b ca T gic khng nm trong khu vc Thy in ng Nai 6. Khu mt bng cng trnh khng thuc lp ph th nhng trong vng sinh sng ca t gic cng khng b nh hng trc tip t vic xy dng p thy in ng Nai 6. Tuy nhin vic xy dng thy in ng Nai 6 s b nh hng n h sinh thi trong khu vc lm gin i din tch rng, nh hng n h sinh thi trong khu vc c bit l cc loi th qu him nh Vn en m vng, B tt Gu ch nhng vn c th c cc bin php gim thiu. 5. Ting n Trong cc nh hng ca vic xy dng p thy in ng Nai 6 th ting n l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn nh hng n cc loi ng vt sng gn khu vc cng trnh, tuy nhin khu T gic khng b nh hng. b. B st Trong khu vc lng h, phn ln cc loi b st sinh sng tp trung nhng cnh rng, hoc di cy ven b, bi rm gn ngun nc nh sng sui nhng i ni thp, y l sinh cnh c mc a dng sinh hc kh cao, khng nhng ch vi thc vt m c b st nht l nhm K vn (Varanus bengalensis nebulosa), Rn h mang (Naja naja), Cp nong (Bungarus fasciatus). Chng c phm vi hot ng hp, t c kh nng di chuyn xa nn mt s s b cht khi nc dng ln. S cn sng st s di c ln nhng cnh rng sn tip gip mt h vi iu kin qu trnh thi cng khng tc ng hay ph hy, chia ct nhng khu rng ven sui ny. Nhng loi c kh nng bi li c th di chuyn ti vng khc cao hn nhng chng phi i din vi qu trnh u tranh sinh tn khc lit ginh thc n v ni c tr do mt tp trung cao. Qu trnh cnh tranh ny khng ch din ra cc loi b st m cn din ra nhng loi th n tht, v nhiu loi th s tp trung vo y kim n. Cc loi sng di nc nh Cua inh (Trionyx cartilagineus), hoc kim n vng nc nh K hoa (Varanus salvator), Rn nc (Xenochrophis piscator), ngun c tng trong thi gian u s l ngun thc n cho chng. Cc loi ny rt thch nghi vi h sinh thi h cha. c. Cc loi lng c Khi cng trnh vn hnh, ty theo mc x l nhim ngun nc s gy ra nhng bin ng i vi qun th lng c y. Nhng bin i ny thng c hi, mc hi ty theo loi. Tp tnh sinh sn ca cc loi lng c l trng nhng vng nc t ng hoc mp sng c nc ng. V th, kh thun li cho chng khi c h thy in. Mt khc, nng nc trong thi gian bin thi chng sng trong mi tng nc v n cc loi phiu sinh vn rt phong ph trong thi k u thnh lp h cha. Cc vng ngp nc ca h thy in s l ni sinh sng rt tt cho cc loi lng c. d. H thy sinh
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

S suy gim lu tc dng nc, su ca mc nc, h l yu t lm thay i t thnh ca cc loi phiu sinh thc v ng vng lng h. H cha nc s l mt thy vc thun li cho nhiu loi c a nc tnh v chy nh pht trin. Trong nhng nm u cc loi sinh vt ph du pht trin mnh, ngun thc n di do, cc loi trong h c chp a nc tnh pht trin. Cc loi c d thuc hai b c nheo v c lc cng pht trin mnh. Khi xy dng thy in, dng sng on ny b chn li vic di chuyn ca c t di p ln b ct t. Mt h cha nc tng i ln hnh thnh th nhng bi ca cc loi c a nc chy s khng cn na. Do h cha c lu thng vi thng ngun nn cc loi c ny s di chuyn ln pha trn sinh sn. C th ni vic xy dng thy in ng Nai 6 gy tc ng n h thy sinh khu vc. Khu vc nh hng mnh nht l on sng ngay sau ni thi cng p. Tc ng ny l ng k trong giai on thi cng nhng ch mang tnh cc b (ch yu on sng xy dng p dng, p trn), mc nh hng thay i qua tng thi k xy dng v c th gim thiu. Nhn xt : Nh phn tch phn hin trng v phn nh gi cc tc ng sinh hc k trn, ta thy tnh a dng ca vng so vi cc vng khc ca Ty Nguyn, min ng Nam b v c nc l khng cao; cc tc ng ti h sinh thi trong khu vc l khng ln. Do vy tnh a dng sinh hc khu vc d n c phn b nh hng ng k tuy nhin cn phi c cc bin php gim thiu hu hiu. Qua ti liu v thc t cc cng trnh thi cng th cc tc ng khu vc ny nh sau : Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh, khu ph tr cm u mi v cm nh my chim dng mt s din tch t ai, trong c rng l ni c tr ca cc loi ng vt. Cc tuyn giao thng xy dng mi s lm chia ct cc ng di chuyn ca mt s loi ng vt hoang d nh ng n tuyn nng lng, thp iu p, knh dn... Cc khu ph tr u b tr trong khu vc khng c dn c sinh sng, tuy nhin nh in t cng trng, ln tri v ting n ca xe, thit b my mc, n mn ...tc ng n mi trng sng ca cc loi ng vt lm nhiu loi th tn ra khi vng. Cc loi th nh nh cy, chn, sc, chut..., cc loi chim v cc loi b st di chuyn hoc tn ra sinh sng cc trng c, trng cy bi quanh khu vc thi cng. Nhng loi c i sng gn lin vi nc nh: cc loi chim nc, k hoa, rn nc, cc loi thuc h ch nhi ... s di chuyn vo vng ven b sinh sng. Cc loi th ln phn b gn khu vc cng trnh nh kh, b tt, gu, c bit T Gic 1 sng ...s di chuyn n nhng vng rng ln cn. Khu Bo tn thin nhin Nam Ct Tin cch cng trnh 7 km vn ang c bo v tt trin vng s l khu vc sinh sng ca cc loi trn. Lu : Do th trng tng nhu cu cung cp cc c sn th rng v cc dc liu qu him khc t th rng nh mt gu, trn, kh, rn, tc k v.v. l nguyn nhn gia tng cc hnh vi by, sn bt tri php th rng, chim, v tt c cc loi ng vt khc. Cc hnh vi ny rt c th vt qua phm vi khu vc cng trng xm phm vo vng m sinh thi hoc khu bo tn thin nhin Nam Ct Tin, tuy nhin c th gim thiu. Khu mt bng cng trnh: Thy in ng Nai 6 xy dng chim dng 47,02 ha trong 16ha l din tch vnh vin (5,58 ha Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin, 10,42 ha x
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Hng Bnh, huyn k R lp tnh k Nng), 31,02 ha l din tch tm thi (3,49 ha Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin, 27,53 ha din tch x Hng Bnh). Din tch rng b chim dng khu vc ny l rng kn thng xanh, tre na, trng c cy bi, khng c loi cy qu him no cn c bo v. Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh ca thu in ng Nai 6 u nm ngoi vng li Vn Quc gia v khu bo tn thin nhin vi khong cch xa nn s b tc ng. Tc ng trn l khng ln, c th gim thiu v s ht dn khi kt thc thi k xy dng. Khi s n o gim i, rng phc hi th cc loi ng vt s dn dn tr li hot ng khu vc. 3.3.1.9. Tc ng n i sng kinh t x hi Thit hi t ai: Cng trnh thy in ng Nai lm ngp v chim dng 197,72 ha din tch t rng cc loi trong , chim dng lu di 166,70 ha trong 150,7 ha khu vc lng h, cng trnh chnh 16 ha, chim dng t tm thi l 31,03 ha s t ny s c hon nguyn th tr li cho a phng trng rng bo v mi trng d n khng lm nh hng n h dn no . Tng vic lm cho ngi dn a phng: Xut hin cc dch v bun bn nh, ch nh hng n ung v cc dch v gii tr khc khu vc xy dng Tiu th cng nghip (TTCN): Do s xut hin cng trng nn nhu cu xy dng sn xut dng c lao ng cm tay, hng tiu dng trong sinh hot cng tng ln to iu kin cho cc ngh khai thc vt liu ct si xy dng, ngh mc dn dng, sn xut dng c lao ng, xay xt c hnh thnh v pht trin . Pht trin c s h tng:Ngay trong giai on chun b cho cng trnh th giao thng i trc mt bc. Trong qu trnh thi cng cc vng ln cn cng c hng li v khi d n kt thc s li cho nhn dn a phng h thng c s h tng hon thin. ng giao thng vo khu vc cng trnh l mt thun li ln cho vic i li bun bn giao lu vn ha ca b con dn tc ngi MNng trong cc x Hng Bnh vi trung tm huyn k Rlp v cc vng khc v l tuyn ng khch n du lch sinh thi. Nng cp v m rng ng cng ci thin mng li in, trm bin p cung cp in cho thi cng v nng cp h thng thng tin lin lc s lm tng kh nng pht trin kinh t a phng, nng cao gi tr mt hng nng lm sn trong khu vc d n m trc tnh cht t cung t cp l chnh . Y t sc khe cng ng: Cc loi vt trung gian gy cc dch bnh nguy him rt ph bin trong vng d n. Mui v b cht gy ra cc loi bnh st rt, st xut huyt, st pht bang, st vim mng no. Rui l vt trung gian gy ra cc bnh ng rut t, kit l, a chy, giun sn, cc loi b cht gy bnh dch hch . H cha lm ngp thc vt, cy g trn mt h s l ni tr ng ca cc loi giun, c, b gy y l nhng vector mang mt s bnh nh st rt, kit l, tiu chy thng qua vic s dng nc h trong thi gian u h tch nc . Vn ha gio dc: D n s to c hi tm kim vic lm cho ngi n tui lao ng a phng vng d n v ln cn, gp phn nng cao nhn thc khoa hc, cng ngh trong lnh vc kinh t -x hi, tng thu nhp cho c nhn v mt s h dn giao thng thun li l cu ni ngi dn trong vng pht trin kinh t cng nh nng cao dn tr, nhn thc x hi vn cha c cung cp t cc phng tin thng tin i chng .

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

3.3.1.10. Ri ro i vi con ngi v ti sn Trn cng trng xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh c xy ra cc ri ro tai nn do s c khng an ton trong lao ng nh tai nn giao thng, do qu trnh cu vt t thit b, vn chuyn vt liu xy dng, l t , t vi, l lt, in git. Ti cc khu m khai thc vt liu , khu ph o h mng bng mn n, c th gy ra cc tai nn do vng, mt an ton n hoc cng tc cnh gii n mn khng nghim. Cc s c ny do s chp hnh quy trnh vn hnh my mc, an ton lao ng khng nghim. iu ny c th gy cht hoc thng vong con ngi, h hng thit b my mc. Nhn xt: C th ni vic xy dng d n thy in ng Nai 6 gy tc ng n h sinh thi khu vc. Khu vc nh hng mnh nht l on sng ngay sau ni thi cng p. Tc ng ny l ng k trong giai on thi cng nhng ch mang tnh cc b (ch yu on sng xy dng p dng, p trn), mc nh hng thay i qua tng thi k xy dng nhng vn c th gim thiu. 3.3.2. Giai on tch nc v khai thc s dng Khi h thy in ng Nai 6 tch nc s hnh thnh thm trong khu vc mt h sinh thi bn ngp, theo giai on nghin cu kh thi th h s c bao bc bi cc sn i c dc ln, lng h hp, do vy, n va c tnh cht h va c tnh cht sng. S giao ng ca mc nc trong h s to nn mt vng sinh thi bn ngp, y, t c m cao, b hoang khng sn xut nn cc loi tre na s pht trin nhanh cn lu n loi cy mai dng trong khu vc loi ny pht trin rt nhanh gy hi cho h sinh thi trong khu vc. Tng nng sut sn phm rng: Vic tr nc trong h lm tng m cho din tch xung quanh, lm cho cy pht trin nhanh hn, tt hn gp phn tng nng sut rng. Tc ng ny c nh gi l tch cc. 3.3.2.1. Thay i nh yu t kh hu, tng mc nc ngm Trong giai on vn hnh hi nc s lm du mt hn bu khng kh xung quanh h cha, c bit l vo ma kh. m t s tng ln to iu kin tt cho s tng trng v pht trin ca rng v cy trng xung quanh h cha. Tm li vic xy dng h cha thy in s tc ng tch cc kh hu xung quanh h . Ch mc nc sng t nhin ca sng ng Nai ph thuc vo lng ma l ch yu. Lng ma lu vc h cha ng Nai 6 trung bnh l 2659mm. Khi h ng Nai 6 hnh thnh to kh nng tng mc nc ngm xung quanh h cha, mc nc ngm h du p n nhp lu gim. Khi thy in ng Nai hot ng, dao ng mc nc ngm ph thuc vo ch vn hnh nh my thy in. 3.3.2.2. Bi lng v kh nng mt nc lng h a. Bi lng h cha Cng tc o c ph sa l lng ca sng ng Nai c tin hnh ti trm thy vn T Li t thng IV nm 1999 n nay (2007).Theo ti liu quan trc c ph sa bin i t 0.12g/m3 lu lng thp (50-80m3/s) n 1230g/m3 lu lng cao (15002000m3/s). c ph sa l lng thc o trung bnh nm bin i t 55.8g/m3(nm
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

2004) n 194.7 g/m3 (nm 2007). Theo tnh ton ca bo co thy vn c ph sa l lng trung bnh nhiu nm tnh ton ti T Li l po=169g/m3 Trong TKKT thy in ng Nai 3&4 v TKKT thy in ak Tih 1 b gi li 97%, ch cn 3% l x xung h lu, lng ph sa l lng qua h ak Tih 1 b gi li 85%, ch cn 15% x xung h du, ph sa di y qua cc h ng Nai 3 ,4 v ak Tih 1&2 b gi li 100% Nh vy lng ph sa l lng vo h thy in ng Nai 6 ch yu n t khu gia sau p ng Nai 3 v sau p akTih 2 hng nm b gi li 5% lng ph sa di y qua cc h pha thng lu (N3, N4, akTih, akTih 2) b gia 100%.Vi nhng tham s ph sa v dng chy trn y xc nh cc c trng dng chy ph sa n cc tuyn p ng Nai 6 hng nm nh trong bng 62 di y
Bng 62 : Cc c trng dng chy ph sa tuyn p
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 c Trng Lu lng nc t/bnh nm Lu lng PSLL t/bnh nm Tng lng PSLL Tng lng PSDD Tng lng ph sa vo h Th tch PSLL Th tch PSDD Tng th tch ph sa vo h K Hiu Q0LL R0LL W0LL W0DD W0PS V0LL V0DD V0PS Tr S ti cc tuyn n V N 6(5) N 6(4) m3/s 167 kg/s 10.34 106 t/nm 0.326 106 t/nm 0.031 6 10 t/nm 0.357 6 10 m3/nm 0.276 6 10 m3/nm 0.02 6 10 m3/nm 0.296 N 6&6A (3) 180 12.54 0.396 0.044 0.44 0.335 0.029 0.363 N 6(2) keh 183 13.01 0.411 0.047 0.458 0.347 0.031 0.378 12.3 2.08 0.066 0.013 0.079 0.056 0.008 0.064

Ghi ch:PSLL:ph sa l lng PSDD:ph sa di y

b. Kh nng thm mt nc h Thy in ng Nai 6 vi mc nc dng bnh thng 224m ti cc thnh di v hp, trong phm vi h cha phn phi trm tch c tnh thm nc yu phn thy gia sng ng Nai v cc sui khc u cao v xa nn kh nng thm mt nc ca h cha sang cc lu vc sng khc l khng c kh nng mt nc h cha qua nn v vai p xung h lu l c. 3.3.2.3. Tc ng n cht lng nc Vic hnh thnh h cha trn sng vi s thay i ch dng chy nn cht lng nc (bao gm c h cha v h du) cng bin ng .Tuy nhin ty thuc vo quy m h cha, a hnh lng sng, s bin i cht lng nc cng khc nhau. H ng Nai 6 l h dng chy lu lng ln, dung tch h nh, din tch mt h nh (tuyn kin ngh thy in ng Nai 6: lu lng hng nm l 165,7m3/s; dung tch h 61,5 triu m3, h c din tch nh 150,7 ha) S bin i cht lng nc h ng Nai 6 khng nh hng nhiu do ngp thm thc vt trong khu vc lng h, s nh hng c nh gi nh sau: Vi nhng ti liu quan trc c, vic nh gi s bin i cht lng nc thng qua vic nh gi hm lng cht hu c, cht dinh dng bng cch s dng ch s oxy ha tan trong nc. Trong cc h sinh thi nc, oxy ha tan (DO) biu th s phn
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

thnh chung c lin quan cht ch vi s c mt ca cc thnh phn chu s phn hy sinh hc v ng thc vt c trong h cha . Da trn nhng s liu thu thp v kho st c phn tch, tnh ton bn trn chng ti xc nh c lng sinh khi thc vt bnh qun trn 1 ha cho tng loi thm thc vt chnh trong vng nghin cu t c tnh c tng lng sinh khi thc vt b chm ngp trong vng lng h cn c vo din tch b ngp ca tng loi thm thc vt. Theo phng php cc loi sinh khi cy ng ca Kato, Oga Wa v cch tnh cng nh kt qu cho h thy in ng Nai 6 (bc thang d kin u t trc ) ng thi tham kho quy phm thit k kinh doanh rng (QPN6-84) km theo Q 682/QKT ngy 1/8/84 ca b Lm Nghip qua thu thp ti liu cch tnh ca cc d n Thy in trong vng c v qua tnh ton kim chng th tng sinh khi kh trong lng h theo cc loi sau:
Bng 63: Lng sinh khi s b ngp trong lng h ng Nai 6. Cy Rng kn Rng Rng hng thng Loi sinh khi hn giao na va nm xanh 649 6446 279 0 Thn (tn) 162 870 0 0 Cnh (tn) 23 129 0 12 L (tn) 107 580 56 3 R (tn) 0 226 0 0 C di tn rng (tn) 941 8250 335 15 Tng Trng c cy bi 0 0 36 5 0 41

Tng 7374 1032 200 751 226 9582

Tng sinh khi s b ngp trong lng h l 9582 tn. Nhng nh gi kh nng nhim hu c, c 3 phng php (PP) dn lng h s c t ra: - PP1: nguyn hin trng thm ph thc vt lng h - PP2: Cht b 75 % khi lng thm ph - PP3: Cht b 50% Khi lng thm ph - Khi lng, hm lng cc cht BOD, P, N theo cc Phng n Nhng theo thc t qua kho st cng nh cc d n thy in trn lu vc sng ng Nai, th d n Thy in ng Nai 6 chn phng php (PP2) cht b 75 % khi lng thm ph trn b mt khu vc lng h l hp l. Nh vy tng sinh khi cc loi thc vt trong lng h ng Nai 6 l 7356 tn. Lng xy xy ha ht cc cht hu c ca thc vt v t trong vng lng h l: d bo lng xy ha tan trong h ng Nai 6 cn thit phi tnh lng xy ha ht cc cht hu c ca thc vt v t trong vng lng h. d bo lng xy ha tan trong lng h ng Nai 6 cn thit phi tnh lng xy cn thit xy ha ht cc cht hu c ca thc vt v t trong vng h chng ti s dng cng thc thc nghim ca A.I.Denhinova. Cng thc nh sau: O2=(K0t.St+K0tv.Dtv)/1000 Trong : O2: lng xy cn thit xy ha ht cc cht hu c phn hy t thc vt v t ai ngp trong lng h.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

K0t: H s kinh nghim biu th lng xy cn thit xy ha ht cc cht hu c phn hy trong 1 tn trng thi kh ngp trong lng h. K0tv: H s kinh nghim biu th lng xy cn thit xy ha ht cc cht hu c phn hy trong 1 tn thc vt trng thi kh ngp trong lng h. Dtv: Sinh khi dng kh tuyt i cc thc vt ngp trong lng h Theo thc nghim h s K0tv ca tng b phn thc vt khc nhau i vi thn g (thn, cnh, d): K0tv=9,4kg/tn i vi l, c K0tv=60kg/tn i vi t nhit i K0t=48,8kg/ha
Bng 64: Lng xy ha trong ht cc cc cht hu c trong lng h Ngun hu c Thn Cnh L R C di tn rng t Tng n v 103 tn 103 tn 103 tn 103 tn 103 tn ha Lng hu c 7374 1032 200 751 226 323 K0 9.4 9.4 60 9.4 60 48.8 Lng xy mt(tn) 69 10 12 7 14 16 127

Theo tnh ton trn lng xy ha ht lng cht hu c c trong lng h l : 127 tn. Vi tng lng dng chy ma kit 364,4 triu m3, lng xy cn xy ha ht cc cht hu c tng ng vi 0,332mg/l. Nu ly gi tr hm lng xy ha tan trong nc sng trung bnh l 6,5 mg/l, lng xy cn li trong nc h cha l: 6,5 0,363 = 6,168 mg/l. So vi TCVN 5942 1995 cp nc sinh hot DO>6mg/l. Nh vy theo kt qu tnh ton cho thy khi h tch y nc sinh khi b ngp khng lm thay i cht lng nc nhiu so vi sng t nhin. Tuy nhin to cnh quan v m bo yu cu v thy lc ca cng trnh cn tin hnh thu dn sch thm thc vt trong phm vi 1 km trc p. 3.4. nh gi chung cc tc ng bng phng php RIAM Hin nay, thc hin vic nh gi tc ng Mi trng ca mt d n, ngi ta c th s dng rt nhiu phng php khc nhau, hoc tng hp cc phng php. Trong bo co ny phng php ma trn nh gi nhanh tc ng mi trng (RIAM Rapid Impact Assesement Matrix), mt phng php mi c chuyn giao t d n h tr nng cao nng lc cc vin ngnh nc ca DANIDA s c s dng. Trong qu trnh thc hin bo co, mt s phng php khc nh phng php m hnh d bo v mc nc, lu lng, xm nhp mn..., phng php phng on nhanh (da vo kinh nghim ca tp th cc chuyn gia chuyn ngnh d bo cc tc ng) cng s c phi hp p dng. Gii thiu tng qut v h thng nh gi tc ng mi trng RIAM nh sau: 3.4.1. H thng tiu ch nh gi RIAM Phng php ma trn nh gi tc ng mi trng nhanh (RIAM) c xy dng da trn vic nh r cc tiu chun nh gi tm quan trng cng nh cc tr s trung bnh, m vi n, cc gi tr bn nh lng cho tng tiu chun ny c th c so snh cung cp im chnh xc v c lp cho cc iu kin mi trng. Tc ng
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

ca cc hot ng t d n c nh gi cho cc thnh phn mi trng, v i vi mi thnh phn, vic cho im (s dng cc tiu chun c nh r) c quyt nh, n cung cp phm vi ca tc ng t thnh phn mi trng. Cc tiu chun nh gi tm quan trng c chia lm hai nhm: A v B, ngha v cch xc nh cc tiu chun c trnh by di y: (1) Nhm tiu ch (A) Tm quan trng ca iu kin (A1): L thc o tm quan trng ca iu kin c nh gi da trn cc gii hn/bin khng gian hoc li ch ca con ngi m n s nh hng. Thang nh gi nh sau: 4 = quan trng i vi cc li ch quc gia/quc t 3 = quan trng i vi cc li ch khu vc/quc gia 2 = quan trng i vi c khu vc nm ngoi a phng 1 = ch quan trng i vi a phng 0 = khng quan trng Mc thay i/ nh hng (A2): Biu din mc c li/ bt li ca mt tc ng hoc iu kin. + 3 = ch yu l li ch tch cc + 2 = ci thin ng k hin trng + 1 = ci thin hin trng + 0 = khng thay i/ nguyn trng - 1 = thay i tiu cc - 2 = thay i bt li ng k - 3 = ch yu lm thay i bt li (2) Nhm tiu ch (B) Tnh bn vng (B1): Xc nh mt iu kin hoc l tm thi, hoc lu di. Thang nh gi nh sau: 1 = khng thay i/ khng p dng c 2 = tm thi 3 = vnh cu Tnh c th thay i (B2): Xc nh kh nng thay i ca iu kin, l phng tin kim sot tc ng ca mt iu kin. 1 = khng thay i/ khng p dng c 2 = c th thay i 3 = khng th thay i Tnh tch ly (B3): Xc nh tc ng l trc tip duy nht hay c nh hng cng dn theo thi gian, l phng php nh gi mc n nh ca mt iu kin. 1 = khng thay i/ khng p dng c 2 = khng tch lu/ duy nht 3 = tch lu/ cng hng
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

(3) im s Mi trng im s Mi trng c tnh theo cng thc: ES= At x Bt, trong : At = A1 x A2 v Bt = B1 + B2 + B3 A v B, ngha v cch xc nh cc tiu chun c trnh by di y: (4) Cc thnh phn mi trng Phng php nh gi nhanh tc ng mi trng RIAM yu cu xc nh cc thnh phn chu tc ng mi trng theo 4 nhm sau: Thnh phn l ho (P/C): Bao gm tt c yu t vt l v ho hc ca mi trng, trong c c ngun ti nguyn thin nhin (phi sinh vt) c th cn kit v s suy thoi mi trng vt l do nhim. Thnh phn sinh hc - sinh thi (B/E): Bao gm tt c cc yu t sinh hc ca mi trng, c cc ngun ti nguyn t nhin c th ti to, bo tn sinh hc v c tng tc gia cc loi v nhim sinh quyn. Thnh phn Vn ho X hi (S/C): Bao gm cc yu t nh cc vn x hi tc dng ti tng c nhn v cng ng; cc yu t vn ho, bo v di sn v s pht trin ca cng ng. Thnh phn kinh t hot ng (E/O): Xc nh mt cch nh tnh cc li ch kinh t tm thi v lu di do mi trng thay i, tnh phc tp ca cng tc qun l d n trong phm vi cc hot ng d n. (5) Di phm vi RIAM Phng php RIAM da trn vic xy dng cc ma trn nh gi tc ng nhanh, bao gm cc biu din cc tiu ch s dng cho mi loi thnh phn c th, tnh ton cc ch s ES cho tng thnh phn. Cc ch s ES ring l c gp thnh cc di phm vi (RV). Cc di phm vi cho php so snh, nh gi tc ng ca tng phng n xut. Bng sau trnh by cc di phm vi dng trong RIAM.
Bng 65 : Cc di phm vi dng trong RIAM Gi tr di im mi trng Gi tr di (RV) (ch RIAM (ES) (RV) (s) ci) 108 n 72 E 5 71 n 36 D 4 35 n 19 C 3 10 n 18 B 2 1 n 9 A 1 0 N 0 -1 n -9 -A -1 -10 n -18 -B -2 -19 n -35 -C -3 -36 n -71 -D -4 -72 n -108 -E -5

M t di phm vi Ch yu l thay i/ tc ng tch cc Thay i/ tc ng tch cc Thay i/ tc ng tch cc trung bnh Thay i/ tc ng tch cc t thay i/ tc ng tch cc Khng thay i / khng p dng Thay i/ tc ng t tiu cc Thay i/ tc ng tiu cc Thay i/ tc ng tiu cc trung bnh Thay i/ tc ng tiu cc ng k Ch yu l thay i/ tc ng tiu cc

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

3.4.2. Kt qu nh gi bng phng php RIAM v cc tc ng n mi trng Bng cc tiu ch ca RIAM, xc nh cc yu t trong cc thnh phn Mi trng, s dng cc phn tch nh tnh phn trn, cc kt qu tnh ton t cc M hnh khc v chy phn mm RIAM chng ta s c kt qu nh gi tc ng ca d n ng Nai 6 ti cc thnh phn Mi trng trong cc giai on v tc ng tng hp di dng cc bng biu nh sau: a) Giai on chun b
B3 2 2 2 2 2 2 B3 2 2 2 2 B3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 B3 2 2 2 2

Bng 66 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Ho L (PC) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 B2 PC1 Cht lng nc -12 -B 2 -1 2 2 PC2 Cht lng khng kh -6 -A 1 -1 2 2 PC3 Ch thy vn, dng chy 0 N 1 0 2 2 PC4 Thay i din tch canh tc -8 -A 1 -1 3 3 PC5 Bi lng, xi l -7 -A 1 -1 2 3 PC6 iu kin vi kh hu -7 -A 1 -1 2 3 Bng 67 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Sinh hc sinh thi (BE) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 B2 BE1 H thy sinh ni chung, cc loi c ni -6 -A 1 -1 2 2 ring BE2 Thay i thm ph thc vt, gim DT -7 -A 1 -1 2 3 rng BE4 nh hng ti cc loi ng vt trn cn( -6 -B 1 -2 3 3 T Gic, b tt......) BE4 nh hng ti tnh a dng sinh hc 0 N 1 0 2 2 Bng 68 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Vn ho- X hi (SC) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 B2 SC1 Di chuyn nh , mt t -6 -A 1 -1 2 2 SC2 Phong tc tp qun 0 N 1 0 3 2 SC3 Cc dch v 6 A 1 1 2 2 SC4 i sng tinh thn ca ngi dn 6 A 1 1 2 2 SC5 H tng c s 6 A 1 1 2 2 SC7 Di tch lch s, danh lam thng cnh -6 -A 1 -1 2 2 SC7 Cc loi dch bnh -12 -B 2 -1 2 2 Bng 69 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Kinh t (EO) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 B2 EO1 Ti nguyn khong sn 0 N 1 0 2 2 EO3 Mt t canh tc, thay i hnh thc sn -6 -A 1 -1 2 2 xut EO3 Thu nhp ca ngi dn, ca a phng 6 A 1 1 2 2 EO4 Thu nhp ca ch u t, Nh nc -18 -B 3 -1 2 2

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 70: Tng hp im s cc thnh phn Mi trng giai on chun b -108 -71 -35 -18 -9 0 1 10 19 36 Range -72 -36 -19 -10 -1 0 9 18 35 71 Class -E -D -C -B -A N A B C D PC 0 0 0 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 BE 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 SC 0 0 0 1 2 1 3 0 0 0 EO 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Tng 0 0 0 4 9 4 4 0 0 0

72 108 E 0 0 0 0 0

b)

Giai on thi cng


B2 2 2 2 2 2 2 B2 2 2 2 2 B2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 B2 2 2 2 2 B3 2 2 2 2 2 2 B3 2 2 2 2 B3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 B3 2 2 2 2

Bng 71 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Ho L (PC) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 PC1 Cht lng nc -6 -A 1 -1 2 PC2 Cht lng khng kh -12 -B 2 -1 2 PC3 Ch thy vn, dng chy -12 -B 2 -1 2 PC4 Thay i din tch canh tc -7 -A 1 -1 3 PC5 Bi lng, xi l -12 -B 2 -1 2 PC6 iu kin vi kh hu -6 -A 1 -1 2 Bng 72 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Sinh hc sinh thi (BE) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 -6 -A 1 -1 2 BE1 H thy sinh ni chung, cc loi c ni ring -6 -A 1 -1 2 BE2 Thay i thm ph thc vt, gim DT rng -B 2 -1 2 BE3 nh hng ti cc loi ng vt trn cn -12 0 N 1 0 2 BE4 nh hng ti tnh a dng sinh hc Bng 73 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Vn ho- X hi (SC) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 -8 -A 1 -1 3 SC1 Di chuyn nh , mt t 0 N 1 0 2 SC2 Phong tc tp qun 6 A 1 1 2 SC3 Cc dch v 6 A 1 1 2 SC4 i sng tinh thn ca ngi dn 6 A 1 1 2 SC5 H tng c s -6 -A 1 -1 2 SC6 Di tch lch s, danh lam thng cnh -6 -A 1 -1 2 SC7 Cc loi dch bnh Bng 74 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Kinh t (EO) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 6 A 1 1 2 EO1 Ti nguyn khong sn Mt t canh tc, thay i hnh thc sn 14 B 1 2 3 EO3 xut Thu nhp ca ngi dn, ca a -6 -A 1 -1 2 EO3 phng -36 -D 3 -2 2 EO4 Thu nhp ca ch u t, Nh nc

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 75 : Tng hp im s cc thnh phn Mi trng giai on Thi cng -108 -71 -35 -18 -9 0 1 10 19 36 Range -72 -36 -19 -10 -1 0 9 18 35 71 Class -E -D -C -B -A N A B C D 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 PC 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 BE 0 0 0 0 3 1 3 0 0 0 SC 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 EO 0 1 0 4 9 2 4 1 0 0 Total

72 108 E 0 0 0 0 0

c)

Giai on vn hnh
A2 1 2 2 -1 -1 1 B1 3 3 3 3 2 3 B2 2 2 2 3 2 2 B3 2 2 2 2 2 2

Bng 76 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Ho L (PC) Components ES RB A1 PC1 Cht lng nc 21 C 3 PC2 Khng kh 28 C 2 PC3 Ch thy vn, dng chy 42 D 3 PC4 Din tch canh tc -8 -A 1 PC5 Bi lng, xi l -12 -B 2 PC6 iu kin vi kh hu 14 B 2

Bng 77 : Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Sinh hc sinh thi (BE) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 14 B 1 2 3 BE1 H thy sinh ni chung, cc loi c ni ring -7 -A 1 -1 3 BE2 Thay i thm ph thc vt, gim DT rng N 1 0 2 BE3 nh hng ti cc loi ng vt trn cn 0 0 N 1 0 2 BE4 nh hng ti tnh a dng sinh hc Bng 78: Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Vn ho- X hi (SC) Components ES RB A1 A2 B1 0 N 1 0 2 SC1 Di chuyn nh , mt t 0 N 1 0 2 SC2 Phong tc tp qun 7 A 1 1 3 SC3 Cc dch v 6 A 1 1 2 SC4 i sng tinh thn ca ngi dn H tng c s 12 B 1 2 2 SC5 14 B 1 2 3 SC6 Di tch lch s, danh lam thng cnh Cc loi dch bnh Bng 79: Cc yu t Mi trng thuc thnh phn Kinh t (EO) Components ES RB A1 -7 -A 1 EO1 Ti nguyn khong sn 24 C 2 EO2 Mt t canh tc, thay i hnh thc sn xut 12 B 1 EO3 Thu nhp ca ngi dn, ca a phng 63 D 3 EO4 Thu nhp ca ch u t, Nh nc

B2 2 2 2 2

B3 2 2 2 2

B2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B3 2 2 2 2 2 2

A2 -1 2 2 3

B1 3 2 2 3

B2 2 2 2 2

B3 2 2 2 2

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Bng 80 : Tng hp im s cc thnh phn Mi trng giai on Vn hnh -108 -71 -35 -18 -9 0 1 10 19 36 Range -72 -36 -19 -10 -1 0 9 18 35 71 Class -E -D -C -B -A N A B C D 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 PC 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 BE 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 SC 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 EO 0 0 0 1 3 4 2 5 3 2 Total TNG HP KT QU NH GI CC TC NG TI MT CA D N THY IN NG NAI 6 V NG NAI 6A THEO CC GIAI ON

72 108 E 0 0 0 0 0

Hnh 47 : Biu kt qu chy phn mm RIAM

3.4.3. Phn tch kt qu T cc bng biu c tng hp trn, ta c th nhn thy: cc giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng, cc tc ng ti cc yu t Mi trng l ln nht, trong cc yu t thuc thnh phn Mi trng Vt l, Sinh hc b tc ng nhiu nht. C 5 yu t thuc thnh phn Vt l c im s t (-)10 (-)18, ba yu t Sinh hc, hai yu t Kinh t v mt yu t Vn ho X hi c im nm trong gii (-) B, ngha l b tc ng tiu cc; mc tc ng t tiu cc, c 8 yu t thuc thnh phn Vt l, nm yu t Sinh hc, by yu t Vn ho X hi v hai yu t thuc thnh phn Kinh t. Ch c mt yu t thuc thnh phn Kinh t l b tc ng ng k, l giai on u t ban u, ch u t phi b ra mt s vn rt ln song cha n thi gian thu hi. Tuy

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

nhin, trong thc t tc ng ny c tnh ton trong phn hiu qu u t v cho thy khng phi l mt tc ng tiu cc. 3.4.4. Nhn xt cc tc ng chnh ca phng php RIAM. 3.4.4.1. Tc ng tch cc V Mi trng Vt l, tc ng tch cc nht l vic thay i ch thy vn dng chy ca cc sng ng Nai. Cng trnh c tc dng hn ch ngp l, kh nng gy ra l qut cho vng h lu vo ma l; gia tng kh nng cp nc ti, y mn cho vng sn xut nng nghip h lu. Ngoi ra, vic hnh thnh h cha nc ng Nai 6 s to ra mt vng kh hu mt m, trong lnh hn; b cp nhiu hn cho nc ngm tng nng, tng m cho t khu vc xung quanh lng h. a. Thnh phn Mi trng Sinh hc, tc ng tch cc l vic gia tng m s gp phn lm cho h thc vt pht trin thun li hn, kh nng chy rng gim phn no; h thy sinh s a dng hn: ngoi h thy sinh thch nghi vi Mi trng nc chy, nay c thm h thy sinh h; cc loi thy sn c tp qun sng ti cc vng nc ng cng c iu kin pht trin. Sn lng nh bt thy sn s gia tng ng k. b. Thnh phn Vn ho X hi: tc ng tch cc ti thnh phn Vn ho X hi trc tin phi k n l i sng tinh thn ca ngi dn trong khu vc c nng cao, thng qua vic c tip xc vi mt lc lng kh ng ca mt giai cp tin tin giai cp cng nhn. Thng qua chng trnh n b v ti nh c, ngi dn c n nh c ni mi vi mi iu kin u tin nghi hn, c th hng tt hn cc phc li x hi nh: in, ng, trng, trm, cp nc ; H cng c chuyn giao cc phng thc canh tc mi, vi hiu qu lao ng cao hn. c. Thnh phn Kinh t: Trc ht l hiu qu Kinh t ca ch u t, c th hin qua cc ch tiu Kinh t trnh by trn, l sn lng in ho vo mng Quc gia, gp phn pht trin cc ngnh Kinh t. 3.4.4.2. Cc tc ng tiu cc (a) Thnh phn Mi trng Vt l: Tc ng tiu cc ng k nht n thnh phn Mi trng Vt l l vic thay i ch thy vn dng chy ca sng ng Nai pha h lu p chnh, c bit l on ngay sau h lu p v vo ma kh. Cc tc ng khc c th k n l vn cht lng nc b nhim, trong cc giai on chun b thi cng v thi k u tch nc, l vn bi lng v xi l trong khu vc lng h v h lu, l vic thay i mc ch s dng ca mt din tch 197,72 ha din tch rng cc loi trong 150,7 ha khu vc lng h v chim dng 47,02 ha t rng lm mt bng cng trnh. Hnh thnh mt tiu vng kh hu: H cha c din tch mt ngp l 150,7 ha cha ln c nhng nh hng nht nh n ch kh hu ca vng nhng vi din tch mt thong ny nh l mt mt gng phn chiu mt phn bc x mt tri v cho php mt phn bc x cn li chiu xuyn qua, cung cp mt lng ln nng lng nh sng cho cc qun th thc vt thy sinh, n phin cc loi thc vt thy sinh ny quang hp hp thu CO2 v thi O2, gi vai tr thm lc khng kh. Ngoi ra mt thong bc hi c m rng t nhiu s ko theo lm thay i ch nhit m, ch gi trong mt din tch nht nh xung quanh h. (b) Thnh phn Mi trng Sinh hc: y l thnh phn chu tc ng nhiu nht t pha d n. Tc ng ng k u tin cng l i vi h sinh thi sau p chnh. Do
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

chn dng, sau nh my mc nc ngm s thay i nu lch x nc vn hnh nh my khng hp l vo ma kh h sinh thi ti khu vc ven sng s chuyn t h sinh thi t ngp nc thng xuyn, sang t ngp nc theo ma. Mt s loi sinh vt trn cn, di nc trong on ny s bin mt hoc phi chuyn i ni khc. Thm thc vt bi c, bi (phn ln nm trong lng h) l ni c tr, kim n ca mt s loi ng vt s b ngp chm trong nc. Vic ngp nc trn mt vng rng ln, s lm cho mt s loi mt ni sinh sng, lm cn tr s di chuyn t ni ny sang ni khc ca chng. Xy dng cng trnh thy in cng lm mt i mt lng cy rng, ting n, s tp trung ng ngi s lm cho cc loi ng vt phi trn i c ng ni khc. (c) Thnh phn Vn ho X hi: Tc ng ln nht ti thnh phn ny l vn mt t v di chuyn ch . Cng phi k n cc vn v bn sc vn ho ca cc Dn tc dn c sng y, t nhiu cc bn sc ny cng s b tc ng bi li sng ca hng ngn cng nhn tp trung v lm vic y, trong khng th khng c cc li sng khng lnh mnh, tri vi tp tc lu i ca a phng. Ngoi ra cng phi k n cc vn v dch bnh c th bng pht, s truyn nhim ly lan cc cn bnh th k Hnh thnh cc cm dn c mi: Hin nay do s pht trin dn s, vi nhng nhu cu cp thit nh v t ai canh tc. Phn ng, dn s s tp trung nhng ni gn ng giao thng vn ti, vng i thp. Nhng vng ni c dc cao, i ni him tr kh tip cn l nhng vng t cha khai ph cui cng cn li. Qu trnh xy dng cng trnh s to c s h tng tt hn i vo cc khu vc ni trn v to iu kin thc y di dn t do vo vng ny lm tng cng p lc ln ti nguyn v l tc nhn ch yu lm bin i cnh quan. Trc y nhiu nh gi cho rng sau khi hnh thnh cng trnh thy in, s hnh thnh cc cm im cng nghip v du lch xung quanh khu vc, nhng thc t nhiu cng trnh cho thy khng nh th. Ti nguyn v t ai s b khai thc cn kit v s b b hoang ha nu nh khng c mt d n phc hi no c trin khai. (d) Thnh phn Kinh t: Tc ng n thnh phn Kinh t d nhn thy nht vn l vn mt cc din tch canh tc. Hng trm h gia nh s b mt ton b, hoc mt phn din tch t canh tc ca mnh. H phi di chuyn n ch mi, khai khn t, lm quen vi a bn mi, vi cc phng thc canh tc mi. S khng d trnh khi vic mt s gia nh ti nh c s b kh khn v Kinh t trong giai on u ti nh c. 3.5. Kim tra trng thi dng chy v m phng s c mi trng bng M hnh ton DELTA MODEL FOLOW & WATER QUALITY. 3.5.1. Phn mm DELTA: Delta l phn mm tnh dng chy v cht lng nc trn h thng knh sng, l s pht trin v k tha cc phn mm VRSAP, SAL, SALBOD ng thi chn lc v hc hi cc u im ca cc phn mm nc ngoi nh Mike 11, Ecolab, ISIS. Tc gi ca Delta l GS.TS Nguyn Tt c, cn b ca Vin Quy hoch thy li min Nam. V mt kh nng tnh ton Delta tng ng vi b Mike 11+Ecolab nhng chy rt nhanh v n nh hn nhiu. Dng Delta c th tnh dng chy (chy xit, chy m, v p) v mt s yu t chnh ca cht lng nc nh mn, BOD, DO tng Nito, tng Pht pho trn h thng knh sng phc tp vi cc iu kin s dng nc khc nhau v
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

cc cng trnh c th vn hnh theo cc mc tiu khc nhau. Mn hnh xut pht ca m hnh nh sau: 3.5.2. M phng s c v p thy in ng Nai 6 Dng chy khi xy ra s c v p l m qu trnh rt phc tp. m phng dng chy khi xy ra s c v p no cn phn tch v la chn nhng m hnh thy lc ph hp [1,2]. Hin nay m hnh thy lc mt chiu pht trin rt mnh v c nhiu b chng trnh, c trong ln ngoi nc v vn ny, trong b chng trnh DELTA va mi c cp nht v hon thin t cc b chng trnh sn c nh VRSAP, SAL. c im ca DELTA l tnh c cc trng thi dng chy v s dng nc trong cc iu kin phc tp khc nhau trong bao gm c dng chy xit v cc dng cng trnh ph bin. Trong trng hp p thy in hin c hoc d kin xy dng trn cc dng sng h Vit nam th do iu kin chiu di h rt ln so vi chiu rng nn m hnh thy lc mt chiu cn c xem xt u tin nht l trong trng hp khng xem xt s vn hnh chi tit m ch cn xem xt tc ng do s c v p. Trong trng hp ny p c xem nh mt cng trnh. Thng lu p l h cha nc vi mc nc cao nht thit k, cn h lu p l h (cng rt di) hoc mt con sng m ta c th tnh c mc nc h lu khi vn hnh nh my. Khi xy ra v p s hnh thnh 2 loi sng: sng lan truyn ngc trong h thng lu v sng lan truyn thun xung h lu. Do pha thng lu l h ln nn sng lan truyn ngc t quan trng so vi sng truyn xung h lu vi mc nc ln v tc ln v cao. tnh ton m hnh tnh phi xt c s chy xit trong qu trnh pht trin vt v. M hnh DELTA xt trng hp ny. Chi tit m hnh DELTA c th xem trong hnh 48

Hnh 48: V d mt ct ngang ca p

Cc p thy in l cc p b tng ct thp chc chn vi cc ca x nc. Khi b s c p s b v dn dn v trong khong mt thi gian (mt vi chc pht), ty thuc vo kt cu p, mi c th v ht. Vi p thy in ng Nai 6 ta gi thit rng khong sau 20 pht p mi c th v hon ton. Quan h gia thi gian b v v din tch b v c gi nh trn hnh 49
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

v theo thi gian 1,00 0,90 0,80 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 0,17

Phn din tch

1,83

3,50

5,17

6,83

8,50 10,17 11,83 13,50 15,17 16,83 18,50 20,17 21,83 Pht

Dtich/time

Hnh 49: Quan h gia din tch p b v theo thi gian (pht)

Da vo mi quan h trn nhp vo din tch p trong m hnh DELTA. Trong s tnh p thy in ng Nai 6

Hnh 50: Cc bc thang thy in trn sng ng Nai

Mc d trong ti liu tham kho ca d n c nu 23 mt ct thy vn (t TV1 n TV23- p N6 ti mt ct TV12; Thng lu p t mt ct TV12 n mt ct TV23. p N6A ti mt ct TV2; thng lu N6A t mt ct TV2 n mt ct TV23), ch bit a hnh mt ct ngang t mt ct TV1 n TV19; khng c khong cch t TV1 ti TV11; s liu cao trnh y trong ti liu c khc nhau, a hnh chi tit v mt ct ngang ca on sng ng nai t N5-N6 v t N6-N8 khng c, cho nn tm ly
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

s liu dng chnh sng ng Nai (thng lu) c c t cc d n khc tm cho vic chy m hnh, cc kt qu chnh xc ch c c khi c s liu b sung. M hnh c chy cho 2 trng hp: 1) ng Nai 6-Phng n chn (tng ng vi tuyn 5, ti mt ct thy vn TV12) cch p ng Nai 5 (N5): 15,31Km; Cao trnh y ti tuyn 5 l 181m, (trong ti liu Thit k c s, Tp 2.1, thuyt minh kh tng thy vn l 168m) ti p N5 l 227,9m. Mc nc dng bnh thng l 224m Mc nc cht l 219m Cao trnh nh p: 228,4m Chiu cao p: phn b tng l 60,4m; chiu cao phn li l 30,4m Tng chiu rng trn k c tr pin l 91m 2) ng nai 6A: tng ng vi mt ct thy vn TV2, cch tuyn p ng Nai 6 c 11Km. Cc kt qu tnh theo s liu (c cung cp) nh sau: Kt qu tnh nh sau:

Hnh 51: tng gim mc nc (m) so vi trng thi x bnh thng

Hnh 51 l bin i mc nc khi v p so vi trng thi x bnh thng ca p ng Nai 6. Khi p t ngt b v th c ct sng cao hn 25m hnh thnh ngay ti v tr p. Ct sng ny lan truyn dn xung h lu v gim cao, ti v tr cch p gn 30Km mc nc cn dng gn 1m (0.94m). Trc p, do v tc thi, mt lng ln nc xung h lu lm xt mc nc c 13m v lan dn v thng lu. Vn tc dng chy t ti 7 n 27m/s. Mt s nhn xt:
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Trn y mi ch l cc kt qu s b, tuy nhin cc kt qu cng phn nh tnh hp l ca hin tng v p. Kt qu tnh cn c mt s s liu phi gi nh, v cha c bn cy im nn cha c th tnh c bn ngp lt. Cn c thm s liu a hnh hiu chnh kt qu.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

CHNG 4. BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG


4.1. Bin php gim thiu cc tc ng trong giai on chun b mt bng v thi cng d n 4.1.1. Gim thiu tc ng n ti nguyn t, cnh quan, xi mn b mt B tr hp l tng mt bng thi cng: Cm u mi khu ph tr c b tr tp trung cn cm nh my b tr khu ph tr phn tn nhm gim thiu khong cch vn chuyn vt liu. Cc khu ph tr khng s dng t sn xut v t . Cc ng thi cng ti cc khu vc dc ln thit k bm theo a hnh t nhin nhm gim p cao, o su ct x a hnh. Bin php ny p dng trit cho cc tuyn ng vo nh my, thp iu p; ng vo cc ca hm ph, hm giao thng v cc hm x; ng n ca ly nc v ng hm dn nc. S dng cc bin php n nh mi dc (mi o t m=1, mi p m =1,5) v gia c mi bng lt, xy, trng c gim thiu xi mn. Bin php thi cng hp l, tn dng ti a t o h mng, hm dn nc gim khai thc vt liu v vn chuyn, gim sc p vi cc bi thi. Tn dng o hm, h mng d kin khong 70%. chng xi mn b mt v gim bi lng lng h, tng tui th cng trnh, ngoi vic tng t l che ph rng v cht lng rng khu vc thng ngun sng, s p dng cc bin php sau : Vng h v mt bng cng trnh Trong thi gian thi cng cng nh vn hnh cng trnh a ra qui nh v cm t, cht ph rng. Kho st chi tit vng ven b h xc nh c th din tch v loi cy rng ph hp. Trng cy gy rng ven b gi t trnh st l b h. Trng cc di rng phng h ven b ko di tui th cng trnh. nhng ni c dc ln hn 250 s trng ht din tch dc, nhng ni c dc nh hn 250 trng di rng ven b rng t 10m tr ln (ven h tnh t MNDBT vo ti chn i). Din tch t bn ngp ca h cha kh ln. Vic tn dng t bn ngp canh tc d gy st l b h lm tng khi lng ct bn trong lng h khi tch nc tr li, nn phi c nghin cu phng thc canh tc ph hp. Nghim cm s dng khu vc ny cc loi phn bn ho hc, thuc tr su dit c trnh nhim nc h. Vng h du cng trnh: H du p trn sng ng Nai tim nng xi l l khng cao, nhng vic x nc trn t nhin cng s lm xi l khu vc h du. Do vy cc gii php cng trnh nh h tiu nng, tng li dng, mi phng c s dng v ni tip ra sng, sui l dng chy m s gim thiu tc ng ny. Lng sng l nn gc, xi mn t. B pha xi s dng tng ph thc vt chu nc. H du nh my trn knh dn: Sau khi pht in nh my dng nc gim nng lng, chy u, vn tc nh v c hng dng nn t gy xi mn nn v b.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Ngoi dng chy ln nh sng sui trn, gim thiu xi mn b mt do cc dng chy khc c th gy cc khu vc mi cao, o su nh trm phn phi in ngoi tri, nh my thu in , s thc hin gia c mi bng lt, xy hoc trng c. Gim thiu tc ng do thay i ch dng chy Ch u t cam kt tun th nghim ngt qui nh vn hnh h cha c ph duyt. Thng tin ng qui nh, kp thi cho cc cp chnh quyn v ngi dn h du khi x l nhm hn ch ti a thit hi. Duy tr dng chy 0,463 m3/s nhm duy tr h sinh thi nc on sng sau p TKT trong thi gian ma kh khng c ma. Phi hp cng a phng gim st dng chy v xi l b a ra bin php gim thiu hp l. Tt c cc hot ng ny s c cam kt vi nh thu xy dng cng trnh di s gim st ca a phng. 4.1.2. Gim thiu tc ng n mi trng khng kh, ting n Cng trnh thu in ng Nai 6 trong qu trnh xy dng vi khi lng ln s tp trung xe my c gii cng nh s dng vt liu n mt s khu vc chnh n khu ph tr nh my, m h lu p dng, khu vc ca ly nc, ng hm v cc khu vc o su khc. Ting n v bi trong qu trnh thi cng l khng th trnh khi. Ngun nhim tm thi v c th gim thiu c bng cch tun th cc quy nh trong qu trnh thi cng Cc bin php chung p dng gim thiu nhim mi trng khng kh trong qu trnh thi cng nh sau: - Mt bng khu , dch v v khu sn xut u c b tr hp l theo hng gi ch o vng d n l hng gi ng -Ty theo nguyn tc u tin khu vc c ngi nhm gim nhim bi n trong thi gian thi cng chnh l ma kh . - Cc kho vt liu n b tr m bo khong cch an ton theo tiu chun hin hnh i vi khu dn c v cng trng . Cc nh Thu c bin php t chc thi cng khoan n mn theo thi lng ph hp cng vi vic m bo an ton phng chng chy n theo tiu chun TCVN 3254:1989 v TCVN 3255:1986. - Nh Thu chu trch nhim trc ch u t v phn phi hp l thi gian thi cng, gi n mn khai thc vt liu v thi cng h mng cng nh phng tin xe my trnh n, rung cng hng theo TCVN 6962:2001 v rung ng v chn ng, TCVN 5948:1999 v mc n ti a cho php. - Kim tra cc thit b thi cng, xe my m bo ng tnh nng k thut, nin hn s dng gim ngun thi do r r xng, du m v ngun n theo TCVN 5949:1998 v mc n ti a cho php khu vc cng cng v dn c . - Nh Thu quy nh v vn chuyn vt liu t nh: Bi ng trong khi thi cng c gim bng bin php ti nc thng xuyn t nht 2 ln/ ngy ; Cc xe my thit b ch cc vt liu ri phi c bt kn; Cc vt liu bay bi nhiu khi xc ln xe c ti m. Khu vc p dng l cc tuyn ng thi cng cm u mi, ng thi cng cm tuyn nng lng, ng Ngc Tem n phu ph tr nh my - Tng din tch trng cy xanh khu dn c, tr s lm vic, khu ln tri ti cc khu ph tr cm u mi, khu ph tr nh my v cc ni c th iu ho kh hu cc b trong thi gian thi cng cng trnh.
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4.1.3. Gim thiu tc ng n cht lng nc Nh trnh by chng 3, c 3 ngun pht sinh tim tng chnh gy nhim ngun nc mt trong giai on xy dng d n, l sinh khi thc vt b chm trong lng h, nc thi sinh hot v du nht thi t cc c s bo tr phng tin thi cng. gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc ca cc ngun thi ny s c p dng cc bin php gim thiu kh nng gy nhim ca tng ngun, c th nh sau: Gim thiu tc ng n cht lng nc h v vng h du. Theo tnh ton d bo nhim nc th cn thit thu dn lng h trc khi tch nc trnh xut hin ph dng h cha m bo cht lng ngun nc v c li ch kinh t t cc hot ng giao thng, du lch, nui trng thu sn... sau ny. Cc vic sau y phi c thc hin nhm m bo cht lng nc h : 1. D tm v x l bom mn, vt n, cht c ho hc 2. Thu dn lng h mc 75% theo tnh ton. 3. Thu dn, d b nh v sinh, chung tri, ri vi, lp kn bng t st trc khi tch nc h; M m phi di chuyn n ni thch hp v x l v sinh khu vc ngha a sau khi bc d m m. Cc cng vic mc 1, 2, 3 cn c thc hin trc khi tch nc 30 ngy. Ch u t s p dng cc bin php c s dng cc h cha khc nh: - Hp ng vi qun i r ph bom mn, thu hi x l cht c ho hc. - Hp ng vi cc c quan chc nng a phng thu dn cc khu vc t cng - H tr cc h dn t thu dn, vn, cng trnh v sinh chung tri trc khi di di. 4. Kim sot cc loi phn bn cho cy trng b mt pha thng du h cha do cc loi phn bn ho hc c s dng trn thng du s c tch lu v quay vng trong h cha, thc y s pht trin cc loi rong to trong h, tng ph ho ca h cha. 5. Quan trc cht lng nc nhm pht hin kp thi cc bin i v cht lng nc trong khu vc v trong trng hp cn thit p dng tc thi cc bin php x l bo v mi trng nc. 4.1.3.1. Phn hu khi thc vt: i vi khi thc vt b phn hy, qua tnh ton phn trn cho thy: nu cht b 50% 75% lng cy trong h th kh nng nhim l khng ng k. Tuy nhin, nu nguyn thm ph, kh nng nhim v ph dng ho c th xy ra v theo kt qu tnh ton th qa trnh ny s mt t nht l hai nm (xem phn ph lc tnh ton kh nng lm sch ca h). Cc gii php nhm gim thiu cc tc ng tim tng t thm ph thc vt trong lng h c xut nh sau: Thc vt, cy ci trong h cn c dn dp, cht b. Phn cn li khng c vut qu 50%, m bo lng sinh khi cn li s tng ng vi kch bn 2 trong d bo mc nh hng ca sinh khi thc vt chm trong lng h n cht nc h ng Nai 6. Vic dn dp lng h nh vy cng ph hp vi quy nh ca y Ban Khoa hc K thut Nh nc, son tho cho vic thu dn lng h cha cng trnh thy Tr An, mt quy nh c ni r p dng cho cc h cha thy in, thy li, m hin nay cha c mt vn bn no mi hn quy nh ny.
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Cc thn, cnh cy cht b c s dng lm cht t, l cy c tri u trn mt t. i vi nh v sinh v chung tri hin hu ( nu c) trong khu vc tin hnh d b, nn ri vi, lp kn bng t st trc khi tch nc vo h. H ng Nai 6 c dung tch kh ln, kh nng trao i nc s rt ln, do kh nng t lm sch s cao. Cc bin php dn dp lng h c xut trn l kh thi, ph hp vi thc t. tin hnh thu dn lng h theo tiu chun nu trn, ch u t c th p dng mt s gii php thng c s dng cc h cha khc, nh: H tr kinh ph cho cc h dn t thu dn vn, cc cng trnh v sinh, chung tri ca h trc khi di di khi khu vc lng h. y l bin php kh thit thc v bn thn ngi dn cng mun tn thu thn v cnh cy lm g, ci. Hp ng vi cc c quan chc nng ca a phng (nh: Vn Quc Gia, chi Cc Kim Lm, cc Lm trng v.v...) thu dn ti cc khu vc t cng. Ngoi ra, gim kh nng nhim h cng c th p dng th nui mt s loi c thch hp. 4.1.3.2. Nc thi sinh hot Lng nc thi, kh nng nhim c tnh ton, d bo phn trn, khc phc, gim thiu tc ng ny, nc thi sinh hot phi c gom theo h thng chung, qua li loi rc vo b gom. T b gom, nc thi c bm qua b phn hy sinh hc hiu kh (dng m c nh). Ti y, trong iu kin sc kh lin tc cc vi sinh vt hiu kh bm trn b mt vt liu m s phn hy cc cht hu c trong nc thi. Sau , nc thi c a sang b lng lng cc cn bn. Nc thi sau khi lng c a sang ngn tip xc kh trng s dng Chlorine. Sau khi kh trng nc thi t tiu chun B v c thi ra sng. Qu trnh trn c tm tt theo s sau:
Nc thi Loi rc B gom B phn hy sinh hc hiu kh (FBR) Bn hi lu Ngn lng Chlorine Ngn kh trng Thi ra sng (T/C B TCVN 5945-1995) Trang 171

Kh

BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Nc sau khi x l, thi ra sng phi t tiu chun nc loi B, vi mt s tiu chun c th nh sau: - pH : 5,5 9,0 - BOD5 : 50 mg/l - COD : 100 mg/l - Tng N : 60 mg/l - Tng P : 6,0 mg/l - SS : 100mg/l 4.1.3.3. Du nht thi: Lng du m thi ch yu t c s bo tr v sa cha c kh, do vy cc gii php khng ch tc ng tim tng ca nhim du m thi c xut l: Thu gom trit ton b lng du m thi vo cc Phuy chuyn dng, lu tr tm ti cng trng cho n khi s lng (cho mt chuyn xe) th ch i bn cho c s thu mua du m ph thi. Tuyt i khng c du m trn lan ra khu vc xung quanh, c bit l xung sng, sui. 4.1.3.4. Bi thi vt liu: Trong khu vc d n s c cc bi thi, nhim v ca cc bi thi c coi nh l cc im trung chuyn. gim thiu cc tc ng tim tng n mi trng, c bit l qu trnh ra tri t do nc ma xung sng ng Nai, cn thc hin gii php: o mng tp trung xung quanh bi thi thu gom nc ma cun theo cc cht rn l lng v lng ng trc khi chy ra sng. Bin php ny c thc hin i vi cng trnh thy in Hm Thun - ami cho thy c hiu qu cao. Cc loi cht thi rn: C 2 ngun pht sinh cht thi rn c kh nng gy nhim ti Mi trng, l cht thi rn t cc x nghip ph tr v cht thi rn sinh hot. x l cht thi rn s sau c xut:
CTR (sinh hot, t cc c s gia cng sn xut )

Thu gom ti ngun (xe th s, xe ti nh)

Lu tr v lu chuyn

Bi chn lp

Thng hi

Chn lp

Phn loi, thu hi v ti ch

X l nc r r

Ph liu

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Ph liu thi t cc c s cng nghip, kho tng nh v bao xi mng , nilongc thu gom ti ch s dng. - t tha khng s dng th hon nguyn mt bng - Ti cc khu khai thc vt liu, bi tr vt liu v khu nghin sng s c rnh o xung quanh dn nc ma trn mt vo b lng thu gom t lm gim c trc khi chy ra sng Cht thi rn c thu gom tr ti cc im, sau thu gom ch v bi thi phn loi thu hi mt s ph liu c th ti s dng. Cc loi khng c kh nng ti s dng c em i chn lp. H chn lp phi m bo cc iu kin k thut, khng nm trong vng ngp v vng chu nh hng x l ca d n (rc thi sinh hot ch yu c thnh phn l cc cht hu c d phn hy v thi gian phn hy hon ton c th ko di 4 nm, do n giai on tch nc vo h th y s l ngun gy nhim tim tng n cht lng nc sng ng Nai), nn c chia ra nhiu , c h thng x l nc r bng phng php Treatment Wall. Nn h phi c ph lp chng thm, m bo thm khng vt qu 10-7cm/s. Sau mi lp rc xung phi tin hnh ph 1 lp t dy khong 10cm hn ch mi hi v s hot ng ca cc loi cn trng, rui, mui, chim chc. Theo kinh nghim ca mt s cng trnh, kch thc thc h chn lp rc c xut l 30m x 25m x 5m, c chia ra thnh 4 . 4.1.3.5. Gim thiu tc ng n h sinh thi Ngoi cc bin php gim thiu khi thit k hn ch nh hng ti a n rng v ng vt th bin php gim thiu quan trng i vi h sinh thi trong giai on xy dng l bin php qun l nghim ngt cc ngun ti nguyn. Ngoi phm vi khu vc chim dng lm mt bng cng trnh c cc nh thu khng s dng v lm tn hi n khu rng ln cn.Ch u t kt hp cc nh thu cng vi ban qun l Vn QGCT v Ban qun l rng QG Nam Ct Tin ban hnh cc quy nh c th v bo v h sinh thi trn cn i vi cng nhn trn cng trng nh: - Cm cht ph rng, t rng ly g lm ln tri, ci v cc mc ch khc - Nghim cm sn bt, bn, bun bn ng vt rng khu vc d n v khu ln cn.. - Phng v chng chy rng, cc my mc v phng tin lm vic trong rng phi c phng tin v trang thit b chng chy rng - Khng c bt k cht thi no vo sng ng Nai, cc sui v cc nhnh sui ni cc loi thy sinh sinh sng - Cung cp cho cng nhn xy dng cc dng c nu n khng dng ci nh ga hoc ni cm in. Nh ni trn, xy dng CTT ng Nai 6 s gy mt s tc ng tiu cc i vi mi trng sinh thi. gim nh cc tc ng ny trong giai on tch nc v vn hnh cn p dng mt s bin php sau hn ch n mc thp nht vic cht ph rng cng nh sn bt ng vt rng. Tng cng thi hnh php lut bo v rng, hp ng vi kim lm c bin php ngn nga tc ng tiu cc i vi khu bo tn. Cc nh thu c qui ch cng nhn thc hin quy ch bo v rng v ng vt rng. ng thi gio dc thc bo v thin nhin cho mi ngi dn trong vng.

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

1. Nng cp c s h tng, u t trang thit b v tng cng lc lng cho khu vc Ct Lc v Ban qun l rng Nam Ct Tin nng cao nng lc ca cc kim lm vin thc hin mt cch hiu qu cc nhim v qun l bo tn DSH ra hin nay, cng nh thc hin cc hot ng gim st, ngn nga v gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc ca D n thy in N6 i vi DSH trong tng lai cn yu. V vy, cn nng cao kin thc v nng lc bo tn cho cc kim lm vin v u t nng cp c s h tng ( ng Tun Tra, phng tin tun tra, b tr thm trm gc rng ti cc khu vc d n m ng vn chuyn my mc, trang thit b), nhm tng cng sc mnh cng nh lc lng bo v ca VQG trong vng D n. - Ti tr cho cc hot ng thc thi php lut c lin quan ti sn bt v bn ng vt hoang d c t ra thng qua K Hoch Bo V Mi Trng v nng cao nng lc - Lc lng kim lm cn bo v cc khu vc rng cn x l nghim cc trng hp vi phm. K hoch thnh lp cc nhm qun l v bo v rng cng ng cc x vng d n v c xem l mt phn b p cho cng tc bo tn . Vic ny khuyn khch to nn mi quan h gn gi vi mi trng v nng cao hiu bit v qun l rng cho cng nhn trong giai on xy dng 2. Kim sot nhim vng d n:Cc ngun tc ng gy nhim rt a dng, hot ng trn din rng v ko di trong nhiu nm lin do vy cn c thng xuyn theo di gim st kp thi pht hin v x l. V vy cn t chc cc kha o to tp hun v k nng gim st nhim mi trng, xy dng v thc hin k hoch kim sot nhim. 3. Tng cng tun tra bo v rng v phng chng chy rng : Ti nguyn rng ca vng d n khng nhng c cc gi tr bo tn cp quc gia v quc t m cn ngha kinh t rt to ln vi i sng ca cng ng dn c a phng nn lun c nguy c b xm hi. Hot ng ca D n thy in N6 s lm gia tng mc nghim trng ca cc nguy c ny v pht sinh thm nhng nguy c mi. V vy cc hot ng qun l bo v ti nguyn rng cn c thc hin tch cc hn, hiu qu hn. Khi tr thnh h cha th ngh khai thc c t nhin chuyn sang ngh c h cha. Sau y l xut mt s bin php gim thiu nhng tc ng tiu cc trong phm vi lng h: - Thu dn lng h, qun l ngun thi vng h. - Qun l v pht trin ngh c h cha. - Hng dn dn a phng khai thc c vi cc phng thc thch hp, thi gian ph hp vi ch thy vn v bo v ngun li, khng nh c bng mn, xung in, ha cht c - Pht ng trng v lm giu rng phi hp vi k hoch phc hi sinh cnh ca VQG Ct Tin cng c coi l mt phn b p cho cng tc bo tn ca d n thy in ng Nai 6, vic ny s gip xy dng mt hnh lang vng m nhm lm gim p lc n ti nguyn rng - K hoch bo v rng da vo cng ng c a ra nh l mt gii php b p bo tn thay v s dng chnh sch vay vn n b mt cy bng mt cy khi c mt d n nh hng ti rng. K hch b p bo tn s nng cao cht lng rng v bo v t thng qua trng cy lm giu rng, to cho rng c nng sut cao hn, bo v rng. S dng cc cch tip cn c s tham gia ca
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

quy hoch s dng t v giao t s c cng ng cc x u tin xut.Vic giao t chnh thc - Phc hi rng bng cch trng b sung v lm giu rng ang c tin hnh. Thc hin k hoch phc hi rng s gp phn nng cao cht lng rng v bo v t thng qua trng v lm giu rng. 4.1.3.6. Thm ph thc vt: Trong qu trnh thi cng trn nhng khu vc c rng thng xanh, cn phi hp vi chnh quyn a phng v kim lm qun l cht ch vic khai thc cc din tch rng cn cho cng trnh, trnh tnh trng khai thc vt din tch khng cn thit, ng thi gim st vic ph rng lm ry, khai thc g qu v cc cy ti nguyn, qu him ca c nhn v n v n theo trong vng d n khng khai thc lm qu t cc loi Phong lan rng. Rng rm thng xanh Vit Nam hin nay ngy cng ngho kit trc p lc dn s v pht trin kinh t, v vy n lc trong qu trnh lp k hoch cho mt d n thy in cn phi tnh ton n nhng phng n v kinh ph dnh cho vic phc hi li h sinh thi t nhin (rng t nhin, t ngp nc) tr li mt phn nhng g vn c ban u sau khi cng trnh hon thnh. Th d mt bng xy dng ln tri, ng vn chuyn tm thi, cc khu vc ly t , cc hm t, hm phc v cho cng trnh th sau khi hon thnh cng trnh cn phi c gii php phc hi nh tnh trng t nhin vn c ban u ca n, nu trc y l rng t nhin th phi trng rng li theo quan im phc hi sinh thi hc. Hin nay ngnh khoa hc phc hi cng ang bt u pht trin trn th gii v nc ta. Cng vic ny nn giao cho y ban Mi trng ca d n qun l v thc hin. Tch cc trng cy tng thm din tch thm ph l gii php tt nht gim thiu tc ng ti h thc vt trn cn. Ngoi ra cc gii php nh cm mi hnh ng cht ph cy rng trong giai on thi cng, tuyn truyn gio dc thc bo v rng cho i ng cng nhn, nhn dn trong vng cng ht sc cn thit. 4.1.3.7. Cc loi ng vt qu him: Cc loi ng vt trn cn phn ln s di chuyn khi khu vc trong thi gian thi cng. Bo v s cn li, cn phi c cc gii php nh cm sn bt, mua bn, n tht cc loi th di mi hnh thc. Ring vi khu vc khong 5 km sau p chnh, mc du thm thc vt y cha pht hin thy cc loi c gi tr cao v Kinh t, cng nh Khoa hc, song gim thiu tc ng ca vic mt nc trong ma kh ti h thc vt cn, cng nh thy sinh, pha T vn nn xem xt vic u t xy dng mt s p dng tr, iu tit nc trong ma kh m bo cho mc nc ngm pha h lu cng nh m bo cho h lu c c dng chy mi trng. Bn cnh vic gio dc an ton lao ng cho cng nhn trn cng trng, thit ngh cn a vic gio dc mi trng vo chng trnh tp hun, nhm nng cao thc bo v mi trng v tnh yu thin nhin, gp phn hn ch vic mua bn, trao i, n nhu cc loi ng vt rng, cng nh mua bn. V iu ny rt d kch thch nhu cu khai thc ca ngi bn a. 4.1.3.8. Ngun li thy sn

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Tc ng ti ngun li thy sn ca d n l khng ng k, song gim thiu c th vn ng nhn dn, chnh quyn a phng tch cc pht trin nui trng thy sn trong lng h. i vi mt s loi qu him, Nh nc ni chung v ch u t ni ring nn h tr iu tra, nh gi v nghin cu cc k thut nhn ging, nui v xy dng, qung b thng hiu. 4.1.4. Cc gii php gim thiu cc tc ng n thnh phn Vn Ha x hi Tc ng ln nht v mt X hi l vn Ti nh c. Do vy, lm tt cng tc n b, Ti nh c nh trnh by phn trn l gp phn gim thiu mt tiu cc, pht trin nh hng ny theo hng tch cc. Lm tt cng tc gio dc cng nhn h pht huy tnh tin phong ca giai cp v tng cng cc cuc tip xc, giao lu vi ngi dn a phng cng s hn ch c nhng tc ng tiu cc ti i sng tinh thn, phong tc tp qun ca ngi dn bn a. 4.1.5. Cc gii php gim thiu cc tc ng n lnh vc kinh t Phn ln nhng ngi dn chu nh hng ca d n u lm nng nghip, lm nghip, i sng hin ti ca h ht sc kh khn. Do vy, ci thin iu kin Kinh t cho nhng ngi dn phi di di, cn c bit ch ti vic khai hoang, ci to ng rung cho h trc khi h bt tay vo cng tc. Phi b tr t h sn xut, ng thi khng qun phi hp vi cc c quan khuyn nng ca a phng gip h lm quen vi cc loi ging, phng thc canh tc mi. Ngoi ra gim thiu kh khn cho h trong giai on di di, nn c mt s chnh sch h tr ca nh nc b sung cho nhn dn, cho cc t chc, cc c quan vng b nh hng bi d n. 4.1.6. Gim thiu ri ro trong thi cng v an ton lao ng 4.1.6.1. Thm d r ph bom mn Khu vc d n nh my thy in ng Nai 6 nm trong vng c chin tranh trc y. m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b trong thi cng v vn hnh CTT phi d tm v x l bom mn, vt n trong phm vi xy dng cng trnh theo cc mc cn thit. Ch d n hp ng trc tip vi b Quc phng tin hnh r ph bom mn trc khi xy dng cng trnh v tch nc h. Cc khu vc cn r ph bom mn l tt c din tch ca vng mt bng thi cng, cc khu ti nh c, khu vc khai thc vt liu nh m , m t. su v phm vi d mn theo qui nh hin hnh. Cc v tr quan trng v o su nh h mng p dng, m .... su d mn t 5m. Cc khu ph tr v ng thi cng- vn hnh su d mn t 3m. Cc khu vc khc trong phm vi cng trng c r ph bom mn nng hn t 0.3-0.5m... 4.1.6.2. Tm kim, thu dn cht c ho hc Cng trnh thu in ng Nai 6 nm trong khu vc b ri cht c ho hc trong chin tranh. Cht c ho hc tn ti rt bn vng trong t, nn nu c s lm nh hng sc kho ngi dn v ng vt trong vng d n cng nh cht lng nc h. Ch d n nn tm hiu chi tit v thu c quan chuyn mn tin hnh thm d cht c ho hc mc d hin cha c bo co v cht c ho hc khu vc ny. Vic tm kim v x l cht c ho hc s c c quan chuyn mn ca b Quc phng tin hnh trong vng ngp ca h thy in, vng mt bng cng trnh tr din tch lng sng, sui, cc khu dn c, din tch t canh tc, ni .
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Cng tc cn phi lm l vic trinh st tm kim t s b n trinh st k thut pht hin cht c ho hc, sau l bc ht, vn chuyn v c bin php tiu ty cc cht ny c trn mt t ln di lng t. 4.1.6.3. An ton lao ng Thc hin nghim chnh cc quy nh hin hnh v an ton lao ng. Mt s quy nh v an ton lao ng : TCVN 2289: 1978 Quy trnh sn xut. Yu cu chung v an ton TCVN 2290: 1978 Thit b sn xut. Yu cu chung v an ton TCVN 2293: 1978 Gia cng g. Yu cu chung v an ton TCVN 3288: 1979 H thng thng gi. Yu cu chung v an ton TCVN 4086: 1985 An ton in trong xy dng. Yu cu chung TCVN 3146: 1986 Cng tc hn in. Yu cu chung v an ton TCVN 3255: 1986 An ton n. Yu cu chung TCVN 5178: 1990 K thut an ton trong khai thc& ch bin l thin TCVN 3254: 1989 An ton chy. Yu cu chung TCVN 5738: 1993 H thng bo chy. Yu cu k thut TCVN 4431: 1987 Lan can an ton. iu kin k thut TCVN 5038: 1991 Quy phm an ton k thut trong xy dng TCVN 4244: 1986 Quy phm k thut an ton thit b nng TCVN 5863: 1995 Thit b nng. Yu cu an ton trong lp t, s dng TCVN 5866: 1995 Thit b nng. Cp thp, tang, rng rc, xch v a xch. Yu cu an ton TCVN 6155: 1996 Bnh chu p lc. Yu cu k thut an ton v lp t, s dng, sa cha TCXD 66: 1991 Vn hnh khai thc h thng cp thot nc. Yu cu an ton. Ban hnh qui ch c th v an ton lao ng trn cng trng cho ngi lao ng v an ton cho dn s ti. Cc tuyn giao thng t bin bo ti cc v tr hn ch tm nhn, dc ln v cc v tr nguy him khc. Tuyn truyn, gio dc ngi dn v quy nh an ton giao thng v phm vi thi cng, c bit ti cc khu vc c o p ln v khoan n mn. Cc thng bo ny c ph bin rng ri trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng. 4.1.6.4. Bo v sc khe cho cng nhn bo v sc khe cho cng nhn thi cng ti cng trng trong giai on xy dng d n cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6, cc bin php sau y c p dng: - Xy dng 01 trm y t ti khu vc d n. - Tp hun, hng dn cho cng nhn lao ng ti cng trng cc bin php t phng chng v bo v sc khe cho mnh.Trang b cc dng c bo h lao ng cn thit ti tng khu xy dng ring. - Trm y t s t chc khm nh k cho cng nhn trong giai on xy dng, tn xut 3 thng/ln. Ban iu hnh d n chu trch nhim lp ni quy m bo thc hin cc bin php chm sc sc khe, kim tra v sinh an ton thc phm theo quy nh ca b y t .Kim tra n c vn v sinh mi trng ln tri, khu lm vic x l cht thi ng theo quy nh phun thuc dit cn trng theo nh k.
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Kim sot dch bnh v bnh do t nn x hi trong khu vc c cng nhn xy dng, dn c thuc cc x Hng Bnh, huyn ak Rlp. D tr thuc tr v phng st rt, phun thuc dit mui trong nh v khu vc chung tri chn nui, vng nc t 1ln/nm, kim tra vic tm thuc mn chng mui Kim tra thc hin cung cp nc sch v xy dng nh v sinh khu cng nhn; kim tra vic ph liu, cht rn thi, lng v nhim khng kh lin quan n sc khe cng nhn v nhn dn trong khu vc. Cc c s y t a phng cng nh thu gim st ni dung ny 4.2. Cc gii php khc 4.2.1. Gii php khng ch cho cc kho cha nhin liu Vi 100 tn xng du lu trong kho i vi kho cha nhin liu s thc hin cc bin php khng ch sau: S hn ch ti a kh nng ngm ca cc du m thi xung t v cc tng nc ngm, thc hin cng tc ny s c ch kim tra cc bn cha nhin liu trc khi a vo s dng v c ch kim tra nh k trong thi gian khai thc, nht l i vi cc bn cha ngm. S xy dng h thng phng chng chy n ring cho khu vc kho cha nhin liu nh cc thit b phng chng chy, cc qui nh phng chng chy n, cc phng n hnh ng khi c s c chy n xy ra ... S xy dng h thng ng cng thu gom nc ma chy trn v thit k thi cng h thng tch du m cho nc ma chy trn t khu vc kho bi. Du m tht thot thu gom c s cho vo thng cha c np p trc khi chuyn sang c quan c chc nng x l. 4.2.2. Gii php khng ch cho kho thuc n Vi 30 tn thuc n trong kho hn ch ti a cc tc ng tiu cc do kho thuc n gy ra, cc bin php sau y c p dng: Thuc n phi c vn chuyn an ton vo cc kho cha thuc n. Kho cha thuc n phi m bo ng cc quy cch k thut. Phi c cc bin php phng chng chy n. Xy dng b chn xung quanh kho nhm hn ch cc tc ng ri ro i vi kho thuc n gy ra khi c s c. Phi c cc bin php gim st kho thuc n trong thi gian lu tr. Phi c nhn vin bo v v trng coi kho k lng, khi c s c phi bo co kp thi ln cp trn gii quyt. 4.2.3. Gii php cp nc sinh hot Trong thi gian thi cng xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 phi c ngun cung cp nc cho cc hot ng sinh hot ca cng nhn v cc hot ng xy dng khc. Theo kt qu phn tch hin trng cht lng nc ngm ti khu vc d n c trnh by trong chng III cho thy cht lng nc ngm y rt sch v m bo tiu chun cp nc cho sinh hot. Do phng n xut l s dng ngun nc ngm ti ch cung cp cho hot ng sinh hot thng qua cc ging khoan c khai thc tng nng.
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

4.2.4. Gim thiu tc ng n ti nguyn khong sn, di ch kho c: Vic pht hin di ch kho c l cng tc rt phc tp, trong mt thi on cng khng th iu tra pht hin c tt c cc di ch kho c ca vng d n. V vy, trong qu trnh xy dng CTT ng Nai 6 nu pht hin thy cc di tch, di vt, c vt, bo vt quc gia trong phm vi cng trnh, c bit l vng ngp h cha, ch u t phi hp c quan chuyn ngnh kho c t chc thm d, khai qut kho c v c bin php bo v hoc di chuyn di vt (khi cn thit). Tn thu ton b ngun khong sn nu pht hin c khi thi cng cng trnh. 4.3. Gim thiu tc ng ca ri ro v s c mi trng 4.3.1. M t cc nguyn nhn gy ra s c mi trng. Cc tai bin hoc ri do xy ra trong qu trnh thi cng cng trnh cng nh trong giai on vn hnh s dng do hot ng ca con ngi hoc bin i bt thng ca thin nhin, gy suy thoi mi trng nghim trng c nh ngha l cc s c mi trng. Hin tng ny thng xy ra do nhiu nguyn nhn: Bo, l lt, hn hn, nt t, ng t, st l t, ni la phun, ma axit, ma , bin i kh hu v thin tai khc. Ha hon, chy rng, s c k thut ( v p) gy nguy hi v mi trng 4.3.2. Bin php gim thiu s c mi trng. Phi c k hoch thc hin trin khai phng chng phi hp tt cc cp cc ngnh ch ng chun b phng tin, vt t, hu cn cho cng tc ng ph v khc phc hu qu thin tai, c k hoch kim tra cc cng trnh, duy tu, sa cha, nng cp nh l chut, mi o hang, khot l gy st l thn p, trn x l, v p. Vn ng v h tr cc h dn sng trong vng c kh nng b ngp khi c s c di di n ni an ton, t chc cc lp tp hun v pht cc ti liu truyn thng v s c mi trng. T chc trng mi cc khu vc rng phng h u ngun b cht ph, phng chng lt bo cho cc khu vc dn c sinh sng c nguy c b nh hng bi s c mi trng. C k hoch khc phc phng nga hn hn cho vng h du p t chc no vt kng mng b tr cc trm bm hoc c k hoch chuyn i ma v, thay i cc loi cy trng chu c kh hn tuyn truyn b con tit kim trong vic s dng nc m bo nc cho sn xut v sinh hot ca nhn dn trong vng. Ngoi vic thc hin nghim ngt cc qui trnh thi cng v an ton lao ng, phng chng chy nth cc cng vic sau l v cng quan trng. 4.3.3. Gim thiu tc ng do thay i ch dng chy Ch u t cam kt tun th nghim ngt qui nh vn hnh h cha c ph duyt. Thng tin ng qui nh, kp thi cho cc cp chnh quyn v ngi dn h du khi x l nhm hn ch ti a thit hi. Duy tr dng chy 0,463 m3/s nhm duy tr h sinh thi nc on sng sau p TKT trong thi gian ma kh khng c ma. Phi hp cng a phng gim st dng chy v xi l b a ra bin php gim thiu hp l. 4.3.4. Gim thiu cc tc ng n thng h du cng trnh

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Vic xy dng cng trnh s lm thay i dng chy ca sng ng Nai gy xi mn, st l t, lm thay i h sinh thi thy sinh, lm gim tnh a dng sinh hc, ngn cn cc loi c di chuyn v sinh sng. Khi cng trnh a vo vn hnh, ma ma tch nc v x l s c nguy c gy l lt cho vng h du, n ma kh c nguy c thiu nc nu ch x theo lch ca nh my m bo cho nh my hot ng s lm cho vng h du thiu nc gy nhim ngun nc khin mn vng h lu sng ng Nai s xm nhp su hn v vy : Cc ngnh cc cp, cc bn lin quan phi c k hoch, hp ng cht ch v a bin php gim thiu c hiu qu cho cc tc ng trn. 4.3.5. Tun th nghim ngt quy trnh thit k p m bo p lm vic an ton, n nh trong sut vng i cng trnh th cng tc tnh ton thit k p l v cng quan trng. Cc tiu chun tnh ton sau c p dng trong thit k pThy in ng Nai 6 Tiu chun tnh ton: Tiu chun chung: TCXD VN 285-2002 Tiu chun thit k p b tng v b tng ct thp 14TCN 56-88 Tiu chun thit k cng trnh trong vng c ng t CHu II-7-81* Tiu chun thit k nn cc cng trnh thy cng TCVN 4253-86 v CHu 2.02.02.85 S tnh: H s mi p thng lu, mi h lu, chiu rng nh p p dng c tnh n nh cho 1m theo chiu di p cao nn. p trn c tnh n nh cho mt khi p cao nn trung bnh Cc thng s chnh: Cng trnh cp 2; ng t cp 7; Cng khng ct gia b tng v nn IIA tnh theo cc ch tiu: Gc ma st trong (=400); Lc dnh n v (C=30 T/m2), Cng khng v nhu (Rcm=400T/m2); Bn ct: bc=0.61T/m3, =140; B tng: =2.4T/m3 Cc trng hp tnh: + T hp ti trng c bn: trong MNTL l MNDBT; MNHL (Qnmmax); p lc thm y p; p lc bn ct; p lc sng do gi ln nht + T hp ti trng c bn- X l thit k: trong MNTL l MN l thit k; MNHL l mc nc l tng ng; p lc thm y p; p lc bn ct + T hp ti trng c bit 1- Thit b tiu thot nc khng lm vic bnh thng: trong MNTL l MNDBT; MNHL thp nht; p lc thm y p khi thit b thot nc khng lm vic bnh thng; p lc bn ct + T hp ti trng c bit 2- L kim tra: trong MNTL l MN l kim tra; MNHL l mc nc l tng ng; p lc thm y p; p lc bn ct + T hp ti trng c bit 3- ng t theo hng nghing 300 v h lu: MNTL l MNDBT; MNHL thp nht; ng t theo hng nghing 300 v h lu; Lc tng thm do ng t tnh theo phng php ph tuyn tnh; p lc thm y p; p lc bn ct.

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

+ iu kin n nh v bn: NCx Ntt<=

mxR , trong : kn

H s t hp ti trng, Ntt: Ti trng tnh ton tng qut, R: Sc chu ti tng qut m: H s iu kin lm vic, kn: H s tin cy Theo h s an ton kin ngh: T hp ti trng c bn (K) =1.3; T hp ti trng c bit (K) =1.1. 4.4. Xy dng h thng quan trc p B tr h thng thit b quan trc theo di trng thi lm vic ca cng trnh t khi bt u thi cng v trong qu trnh vn hnh. Cc s liu quan trc c gi tr c bit quan trng trong vic nh gi trng thi lm vic thc t ca cng trnh trong qu trnh thi cng cng nh vn hnh c bin php x l kp thi nhng vn pht sinh. H thng thit b quan trc trng thi lm vic ca cng trnh bao gm: - Cc Pezomet quan trc p lc thm di nn cng trnh - Cc mc quan trc chuyn v - Cc thit b quan trc nhit trong khi b tng p trn - Cc thit b o ng sut trong b tng ti mt y p trn

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

CHNG 5. CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG


5.1. Chng trnh qun l v gim st mi trng Vic quan trc v gim st mi trng nhm m bo cc bin php phng chng v gim thiu nhim mi trng xut phi c thc hin. Gim st mi trng cung cp thng tin phn hi v cc tc ng mi trng do d n mang li. Quan trc mi trng cng gp phn nh gi hiu qu ca cc bin php gim thiu xut , kp thi pht hin cc vn ny sinh v tm bin php khc phc. 5.1.1. C s php l Qun l v gim st d n l mt cng tc bt buc ca Chnh ph Vit Nam trong qu trnh thc hin d n v khi d n i vo khai thc. Cc ti liu php l chnh c lin quan c lit k: - Lut Bo v Mi trng Vit Nam, do Quc hi CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005 v c hiu lc t ngy 1/7/2006 - Ngh nh ca Chnh ph 80 CP/2006/N/CP v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thc hin 1 s iu ca lut Bo v Mi trng. - Thng t s 08/2006/TT BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic Hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, TM v cam kt bo v mi trng. - Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08 thng 12 nm 2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng) 5.1.2. Chng trnh qun l mi trng 1) Giai on chun b v thi cng d n Chng trnh gim st v qun l mi trng thy in ng Nai 6 trong giai on chun b v thi cng s do Ch d n kt hp vi cc nh thu v chnh quyn a phng thc hin. Do yu cu chuyn mn v c thit b chuyn dng o c, phn tch, th nghim nn Ch d n s thu cc n v c chuyn mn, cc c quan t vn thc hin. a. Lp nhm qun l mi trng: Thnh lp ti mi cng trnh nhm qun l mi trng qun l, gim st tnh hnh thc hin k hoch v cc bin php gim thiu: xut cc bin php gim thiu b sung nu cn, nhm m bo tt cho mi trng khu vc v lp bo co gi S ti nguyn Mi trng tnh Lm ng, k Nng. Thnh phn nhm qun l mi trng gm: - i din Ch d n thy in: 01 ngi - i din ca cc nh thu xy dng v cc nh thu ph: 02 ngi. - i din ca chnh quyn a phng: 1 ngi - i din ca S ti nguyn mi trng tnh Lm ng: 1 ngi - i din ca S ti nguyn mi trng tnh k Nng: 1 ngi - i din ca Vn Quc gia Ct Tin, v cc khu qun l rng thuc khu vc xy dng cng trnh: 2 ngi.

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

b. o c kim tra cc yu t v mi trng v xut cc bin php gim thiu b sung Do yu cu c chuyn mn v c thit b chuyn dng o c, phn tch, th nghim nn ch d n s thu cc n v c chuyn mn, cc c quan t vn thc hin. c. Cng tc gim st v qun l mi trng ti hin trng Trn cng trng, Ban Qun l v cc nh thu thng xuyn lin lc vi nhau v c bo co v tnh trng thc hin cc cng tc gim thiu tc ng mi trng cng nh s c mi trng kp thi phi hp gii quyt. d. Lp bo co gim st mi trng - Bo co v p dng cc bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng - Bo co v vic qun l mi trng ti cng trng - Bo co gim st tc ng mi trng - Bo co nh gi chung v cng tc bo v mi trng 2) Giai on chun b v thi cng
Bng 81 : Cc bo co v hot ng qun l, gim st mi trng n v lp Tn sut Tn/Loi bo co bo co np bo co 1.Bo co v vic p dng cc bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng 2.Bo co v vic qun l mi trng ti cng trng 3.Bo co gim st tc ng mi trng 4.Bo co nh gi chung v cng tc bo v mi trng Cc nh thu xy dng Nhm qun l mi trng Nhm qun l mi trng Nhm qun l mi trng 6 thng/1 ln n v nhn bo co S TNMT Lm ng, k Nng S TNMT Lm ng, k Nng S TNMT Lm ng, k Nng S TNMT Lm ng, k Nng

6 thng/1 ln 6 thng/1 ln 6 thng/1 ln

3) Giai on vn hnh: Ban qun l nh my thy in ng Nai 6 s thnh lp mt b phn qun l mi trng ca mnh. Nhim v ca b phn ny l thu thp, x l cc thng tin v mi trng trong qu trnh vn hnh, nhm gim st mi thay i ca mi trng: bo co vi cc c quan qun l nh nc mi trng; v nu c th, x l kp thi cc s c mi trng, sau khi x l, cc thng tin ny c thng bo cho cc t chc lin quan. Hot ng gim st s c cc c quan t vn, cc chuyn gia v mi trng thc hin theo hp ng vi ch u t, i din l Ban qun l nh my thy in ng Nai 6

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

5.1.3. Chng trnh gim st mi trng Mc ch gim st mi trng l nh gi mc thay i v tc ng ca vic xy dng cng trnh, thc hin bin php gim nh ti mi trng. xut bin php gii quyt cc hin tng, din bin ngoi d kin hoc ri ro mi trng, thc y cc tc ng tch cc. 1) Giai on chun b v thi cng d n: a. Gim st mi trng khng kh: Quan trc mi trng khng kh trong thi gian thi cng gm bi lng tng cng, lng kh thi c hi NOx, SOx, COx , ting n, rung. Tn sut gim st 1 qu 1 ln trong thi gian 4 nm thi cng. V tr quan trc: 3 v tr cm u mi, 3 v tr cm nh my ti cc khu vc l ngun nhim chnh nh giao thng cng trng, m vt liu, bi thi. b. Gim st mi trng nc: Mc ch quan trc l gim st mi trng nc nhm pht hin kp thi cc bin i v cht lng nc trong khu vc v trong trng hp cn thit p dng tc thi cc bin php x l bo v mi trng nc. Cng tc quan trc mi trng nc c tun th theo quy trnh, quy phm hin hnh. Gim st cht lng nc sng trong thi gian thi cng. Cc ch tiu bao gm: nhit , pH, hm lng cn l lng, c, dn in, tng khong ha, oxy ha tan, DO, BOD5, COD, NH+4, NO-3, NO-2, PO3-4, Cl- , tng lng st, tng lng Coliform, thuc tr su, mt s kim loi nng. i vi gim st cht lng nc khu vc cng trnh ly mu nc sng, nc sinh hot v nc thi phn tch. Mi v tr ly 2 mu. Tn sut 3 thng 1 ln o trong 4 nm thi cng. c. Gim st mi trng sinh thi: Khi xy dng cng trnh, s tng nguy c xm hi ng vt v thc vt cc khu rng ln cn ngoi phm vi mt bng v h cha, nn cn c gim st mi trng sinh thi. Gim st sinh thi bao gm: Gim st vic phc hi cc din tch t sau khi s dng v trng mi mt s din tch rng v Gim st cc hot ng tri php nh sn bn, khai thc lm sn, vn chuyn v bun bn ng vt hoang d, thu hi cy rng trong giai on thi cng. c bit, trong vng d n c 2 nhm ng vt c ngha bo tn quc gia v quc t cao, nhng li c nhy cm rt cao vi tc ng ca thy in ng Nai 6, cn c theo di gim st cht ch l loi T gic mt sng v loi G so c hung. Cc hot ng gim st ny do nh thu xy dng kt hp vi Chi cc Kim lm, Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin, n v qun l rng thuc khu vc xy dng cng trnh thc hin. Gim st mi trng thy sinh vt cc sng khu vc thi cng nhm pht hin cc thay i v thnh phn loi v s lng. Lc lng thc hin l cc chuyn gia v c v thy sinh. Tn sut 6 thng/ln. Thi gian l 4 nm. Kinh ph do nh thu chu trch nhim. d. Gim st mi trng kh tng kh vn: Trong thi gian chun b v thi cng d n s tin hnh cng tc gim st mi trng thy vn: s bin i dng chy, cng v tn sut xut hin l, dng chy
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

ct bn, xi l b. Cng tc quan trc mi trng nc c tun th theo quy trnh, quy phm ngnh KTTV trc thuc B Ti nguyn & Mi trng. Tn sut gim st v quan trc trong thi gian thi cng v vn hnh l 3 thng/ln ti cc v tr t trm quan trc. e. Gim st xi mn t: V tr gim st l ni kh nng s xy ra xi mn b mt do qu trnh xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh khu MBCT: ti khu u mi xy p chnh v lu vc pha trn h. Tn sut 6 thng/ln. Thi gian l 4 nm. f. Gim st cng tc n b: Do cng trnh ng Nai 6 khng c h dn no phi di chuyn nn vic gim st n b l khng cn thit, nh hng ln nht l lm thit hi t rng phng h v rng c dng ca cc ban qun l rng phng h ng Nai, Nam Ct Tin, v Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin. Ch u t phi lm th tc chuyn i s dng t rng phng h v rng c dng sang mc ch lm thy in v n b ng theo quy nh ca nh nc. 2) Gim st trong qu trnh vn hnh: Trong giai on vn hnh cc tc ng mi trng xy ra mt phm vi rng: thng du, vng lng h, h du cng trnh. Thi gian tc ng ko di, nhiu tc ng cn tim n cho n nay cha th d bo ht c. D kin chng trnh gim st mi trng v x l hoc kin ngh x l kp thi cc s c mi trng ( nu c). Bo co v thay i mi trng v s c cng bin php x l cc t chc lin quan. Cc hot ng gim st s c cc c quan t vn, chuyn gia v mi trng thc hin theo hp ng vi Ch u t. a. Gim st cht lng mi trng nc: Gim st nh k: 2 ln/1 nm ti 2 v tr khu vc lng h v khu vc h lu, mi v tr ly 5 mu. b. Gim st mi trng sinh thi: Gim st mi trng sinh thi bao gm cc hot ng sau: Gim st vic phc hi cc din tch t b s dng sau khi cng trnh hon thnh, trng mi rng phng h ti khu vc ven h v Gim st cc hot ng tri php nh sn bn, khai thc lm sn, vn chuyn v bun bn ng vt hoang d, th hi cy rng, gim st hot ng ca loi T gic mt sng v loi G so c hung sau khi cng trnh i vo vn hnh. Cc hot ng gim st ny c thc hin hng nm v do Ch d n kt hp vi Chi cc Kim lm, Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin thc hin. Kinh ph do nh thu xy dng chu trch nhim. Gim st mi trng thy sinh vt vng lng h v khu vc h lu (sau p v sau nh my) nhm pht hin cc thay i v thnh phn loi v s pht trin ca chng sau khi c h. Lc lng thc hin l cc chuyn gia v c v thy sinh. Tn sut gim st 6 thng/ln. Thi gian l 10 nm. c. Gim st mi trng KTXH: Kt hp c quan chc nng a phng, thu thp cc ti liu quan v pht trin kinh t x hi nh i sng, thu nhp... vng d n, bo co trong bo co mi trng hng nm.
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

d. Gim st mi trng kh tng thy vn: Tip tc s dng mt s trm kh tng thy vn ang hot ng. Cc hng mc quan trc bao gm: s bin i dng chy, cng , tn sut xut hin l, dng chy ct bn, cht lng nc, xi l h du... Cn c cc nghin cu lin kt cng trnh iu tit ch thy vn vng. Cc h lin kt vi nhau thng qua h thng cc sui. Mc nc ca cc h trong ma ma, ma kh c nh hng rt ln n s DSH ca vng NN nh khu vc phc hi C Su nc ngt, h ng - thc vt rng thy sinh trong cc h. Khi nc b cn kit trong ma kh th m ca lp than bn v lp thm mc trn cc vng bn ngp gp nhng ngy nng, nng, hanh kh rt d gy chy, khi chy gy nguy c chy rng. Trc tnh hnh bin i kh hu ang din ra trn ton cu, ch ma gi bt thng, khi xy dng h thng cc cng trnh thy in trn sng ng Nai s lm h thp mc nc sng, nc ngm cng tt xung l nguy c l cn kit cc h nc ca khu vc. Cc h l ni cung cp mt phn nc ngt cho sn xut nng nghip ca x (trong vng ca VQG) v nc phc v cho phng chy, cha chy rng. Vic duy tr ch mc nc, m ca vng t ngp trong tng thi im trn c s iu tit ch thy vn ca tng bu v chung cc bu c lin kt vi nhau. 5.2. D kin kinh ph cho cc cng trnh, cng tc bo v mi trng 5.2.1. Danh mc cc cng trnh x l mi trng Cc cng trnh x l mi trng s c xy dng trc hay trong khi thi cng d n ( ty thuc vo tnh cht cc hng mc). Kinh ph thc hin s a vo gi tr cc gi thu v cc nh thu v cc nh thu s thc hin cc cng trnh x l mi trng. 5.2.2. X l nhim cht lng nc khi thi cng Do xng, du, m, nc thi trong xy dng, do nc thi trong sinh hot: kinh ph thc hin do nh thu Do rc thi xy dng: S dng bi thi ca d n. Ch u t thit k xy dng bi thi, kinh ph nm trong vn cng trnh. Do rc thi sinh hot Hp ng vi c quan mi trng a phng ni thc hin xy dng cng trnh vn chuyn v x l rc. X l rc thi sinh hot bao gm thu gom ph liu nhng vt liu c th ti s dng c v x l rc thi cn li. Ch u t thc hin hp ng vi cc n v v sinh mi trng a phng trong thi gian xy dng l 4 nm. Kinh ph tm tnh: 264 triu ng Lng 2 cng nhn * 4 nm * 2 khu ph tr c khu = 2ngi* 4nm* 2khu* 1triu ng* 12 thng = 192 triu ng. Chi ph vn chuyn rc v ni qui nh 1,5 triu ng*12 thng* 4 nm = 72 triu ng. 5.2.2.1. Kinh ph cho chng trnh gim st mi trng 5.2.2.2. Chng trnh qun l mi trng
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

1) Giai on chun b thi cng d n Qun l mi trng gm chi ph lng v cc chi ph i li , hp v vit bo co . Kinh ph tm tnh : 480 triu ng Lng 2 cn b *4 nm * 4,15 triu ng * 12 thng Chi ph hp , i li , vit bo co 20,4 triu ng * 4 nm 2) Giai on vn hnh Qun l mi trng gm chi ph lng v cc chi ph i li, hp v vit bo co . Kinh ph tm tnh : 720 triu ng Lng 1 cn b *10 nm * 4,15 triu ng * 12 thng Chi ph h, i li , vit bo co 22,2 triu ng * 10 nm 5.2.2.3. Chng trnh gim st mi trng 1) Giai on chun b thi cng d n a. Gim st mi trng khng kh Kinh ph tm tnh : 101 triu ng 4 nm *4 ln * 4 v tr *1,58 triu ng b. Gim st mi trng nc Kinh ph tm tnh : 232 triu ng Nc mt 4 nm *4 ln * 4 v tr *2 mu *1,6 triu ng Nc di t nm *4 ln * 4 v tr *1,7 triu ng c. Gim st mi trng sinh thi Kinh ph tm tnh : 1080 triu ng 2 tuyn sinh thi *2 ln * 4 nm * 63 triu 10 mu thy sinh *2 ln *4 nm * 0,9 triu d. Gim st mi trng kh tng thy vn Kinh ph trong xy dng cng trnh e. Gim st xi mn t Kinh ph trong xy dng cng trnh g. Gim st cng tc n b , ti nh c Kinh ph trong xy dng cng trnh h. Y t bo v sc khe : Kinh ph tm tnh : 600 triu ng gm Phun thuc tr mui cho khu vc nh cng nhn v dn sng trong vng ln cn ni xy dng cng trnh, cp pht thuc cha bnh thng thng. 2) Gim st trong qu trnh vn hnh a. Gim st cht lng mi trng nc Gim st nh k : 2 ln / nm ti 2 v tr khu vc lng h v h lu khu vc , mi v tr ly 5 mu , thc hin trong 10 nm. b. Gim st mi trng sinh thi Kinh ph tm tnh: 280 triu ng
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

2 tuyn sinh thi *2 ln *10 nm * 5 triu 10 mu thy sinh *2 ln *10 nm * 0,4 triu ng c. Gim st mi trng kh tng thy vn Trong kinh ph xy dng cng trnh d. Gim st vn QGCT Kinh ph tm tnh : 254 triu ng e. Gim st xi mn t Kinh ph tm tnh : 60 triu ng 1 ln *10 nm *6 triu ng g. Quan trc an ton p Kinh ph lp trm quan trc bao gm trong kinh ph xy dng cng trnh
Bng 82 : Tng hp chi ph mi trng TT I Cng vic Qun l mi trng Giai on thi cng Giai on vn hnh Cc bin php gim thiu Rc thi Thu dn v sinh lng h Y t Phc hi rng Cc hot ng gim st mi trng Giai on thi cng cng trnh Mi trng khng kh Mi trng nc mt ngm Sinh thi Giai on vn hnh Mi trng nc mt ngm Xi mn KTXH Sinh Thi Gim st VQGCT 1. Kinh ph xy 1 trm gc rng 2. Mua trang thit b, phng tin 3. Lng 2 nhn vin ( 3 nm) Tng cng chi ph mi trng (lm trn) Chi ph(106) 1200 480 720 2631 264 500 600 1267 2357 1413 101 232 1080 944 300 60 50 280 254 85 25 144 6188

II

III III.1

III.2

IV

Ghi ch : Phn tnh chi ph nu trn ch l c tnh ch u t tham kho, con s chnh xc, s do cc n v c ch u t hp ng thc hin cc hot ng tng ng lp d ton theo n gi ca nh nc, n gi khu vc ti thi im thc hin

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

CHNG 6. THAM VN KIN CNG NG


6.1. THAM VN KIN CNG NG Cn c theo quy nh ti khon 8 iu 20 Lut Bo v Mi trng Vit Nam c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005 v Ch tch nc cng b ngy 12/12/2005 v cn c phn IV Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08 thng 12 nm 2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng th Ch u t d n thu in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A gi cng vn s 14/TT-CT ca Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam n U Ban Nhn Dn cc x v U Ban Mt Trn T Quc cc x trong khu vc b nh hng trc tip bi d n bao gm: - X ng Nai Thng, X Phc Ct 2, huyn Ct Tin, tnh Lm ng. - X ng Nai, huyn B ng, tnh Bnh Phc, x Hng Bnh huyn k Rlp, tnh k Nng. Ti liu gi km cng vn. + Tm tt d n thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A + Tm tt nhng tc ng chnh n mi trng khi thc hin d n + Cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu + Phiu kin ca UBND x + Phiu kin ca UBMTTQ x Ni dung thng bo v vic tham vn kin ca chnh quyn a phng v cng trnh thu in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A v ngh chnh quyn a phng cho kin. Trong thi hn 15 ngy lm vic, k t ngy nhn c vn bn ngh tham gia kin, y ban nhn dn v y ban mt trn t quc cp x c trch nhim tr li ch d n bng vn bn kin ca mnh v cng b cng khai nhn dn bit. Qu thi hn nu trn, nu khng nhn c vn bn tr li th c xem l UBND cp x v i din cng ng dn c ng vi ch d n. Sau khi ca ch d n v Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam nhn c phiu kin tr li t UBND v UBMTTQ cc x b nh hng bi d n v i din Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam c mt cuc i thoi trao i v nhng vn c bn ca d n. Trong cuc i thoi, i din ca Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam trnh by nhng vn c bn ca d n nh: Mc ch ngha ca vic xy dng cng trnh: Cng trnh thu in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A ch yu l s dng dng chy c bn v li dng ct nc a hnh pht in nn nhim v chnh ca cng trnh l pht in vi cng sut lp my d kin ng Nai 6 l 125 MW, hng nm s sn xut ra lng in l 496,77triu kWh ho vo li in Quc gia; Cng trnh thu in ng Nai 6 c u t xy dng s to c hi pht trin kinh t khu vc, ci thin h thng c s h tng, to iu kin pht trin nng nghip, lm nghip, du lch cho a bn d n ni ring v cho Tnh ni chung. n v thc hin d n l : Cng ty c phn t vn in 4- tp on in lc Vit Nam v Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

a im xy dng cng trnh: Cc x ng Nai Thng, X Phc Ct 2, huyn Ct Tin, tnh Lm ng. X ng Nai, huyn B ng, tnh Bnh Phc, x Hng Bnh huyn k Rlp, tnh k Nng. Cc tc ng xu n mi trng ca D n v cc bin php gim thiu tc ng xu v mi trng. Nhng tc ng tch cc ca d n Sau khi nghe trnh by, chnh quyn a phng (UBND, UBMTTQ cc x ) tin hnh tho lun v thng nht a ra kin nh sau: Chnh quyn nhn dn cc x ht sc ng h ch trng u t d n v phm vi, v tr cng trnh d n. D n Thu in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A c thc hin s mang li nhiu li ch cho a phng t vic ci thin c s h tng cho n vic gii quyt cng n vic lm cho ngi dn lc nng nhn. Mt khi ngi dn c cng n vic lm th t nn ph rng lm nng ry s gim. Cng trnh h cha vi sc cha ln v mt thong rng lm mi trng thay i theo hng tch cc hn ng thi s sinh thm cc ngh mi nh nui trng thu sn, khai thc du lch v to ngun nc ti n nh cho sn xut nng nghip ca ngi dn vng d n; Qu trnh thc hin d n s em li ngun thu ngn sch cho a phng thng qua cc khon thu; D n nm cch xa khu dn c nn khng nh hng g v mi trng dn c. ngh ch d n u t thc hin cc yu cu sau: Thc hin ng chnh sch v bi thng thit hi theo quy nh ca Nh nc v ca tnh. u tin tuyn cng nhn vn hnh nh my sau ny cho ngi trn a bn x nh. Trong qu trnh thc hin d n cn phi hp cht ch vi chnh quyn a phng m bo an ninh x hi. Bin bn ca cuc i thoi ny s c nh km trong phn ph lc (Bin bn tham vn kin cng ng) 6.2. CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG 6.2.1. Trch nhin ca ch u t 1. Cng ty c phn Tp on c Long Gia Lai cam kt thc hin cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng xu nu trong chng 4, ng thi cam kt thc hin tt c cc bin php, quy nh chung v bo v mi trng c lin quan trong qu trnh trin khai thc hin d n. 2. Cc cng trnh x l nhim s c thit k trong giai on thit k k thut, c tin hnh xy dng trong qu trnh thi cng d n v m bo c xy dng hon chnh trc khi d n i vo hot ng. 3. Ch D n s thc hin y trch nhim c nu trong Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ban hnh ngy 09/08/2006 (iu 14) sau khi d n c ph duyt c th nh sau: - C vn bn bo co y ban nhn dn huyn B ng tnh Bnh Phc, huyn k R lp tnh k Nng, huyn Ct Tin, Bo Lm tnh Lm ng ni thc
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

hin d n v ni dung quyt nh ph duyt bo co nh gi Tc ng Mi trng (TM) km theo bn sao quyt nh ph duyt. Nim yt cng khai ti a im thc hin d n bn tm tt bo co TM c ph duyt, trong ch r: chng loi, khi lng cc loi cht thi; cng ngh, thit b x l cht thi; mc x l theo cc thng s c trng ca cht thi so vi tiu chun quy nh; cc bin php khc v bo v mi trng. Thit k, xy lp cc cng trnh x l mi trng. Trn c s s nguyn l ca cc cng trnh x l mi trng ra trong bo co TM c ph duyt, tin hnh vic thit k chi tit v xy lp cc cng trnh ny theo ng quy nh hin hnh v u t v xy dng; Sau khi thit k chi tit cc cng trnh x l mi trng ca d n c ph duyt, phi c vn bn bo co c quan Nh nc ph duyt bo co TM v k hoch xy lp km theo h s thit k chi tit ca cc cng trnh x l mi trng theo di v kim tra. Bo v mi trng trong qu trnh thi cng d n: Trong qu trnh thi cng d n, s trin khai thc hin cc bin php bo v mi trng, bin php gim thiu nhng tc ng tiu cc i vi mi trng do d n gy ra v tin hnh quan trc mi trng theo ng yu cu t ra trong bo co TM c ph duyt cng nh nhng yu cu khc nu trong quyt nh ph duyt bo co TM. Trong qu trnh trin khai cc hot ng thi cng ca d n c nhng iu chnh, thay i v cc ni dung, bin php bo v mi trng c ph duyt hoc xc nhn, phi c bo co bng vn bn gi c quan ph duyt hoc xc nhn v ch c php thc hin sau khi c kin chp nhn bng vn bn ca c quan ny. Trong qu trnh trin khai cc hot ng thi cng v vn hnh th nghim d n nu xy ra tnh trng nhim mi trng th phi dng ngay v bo co kp thi cho phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng cp huyn ni thc hin d n v c quan ph duyt bo co TM. C trch nhim hp tc v to iu kin thun li c quan qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng tin hnh cc hot ng gim st, kim tra vic thc hin cc ni dung, bin php bo v mi trng ca d n; cung cp y cc thng tin, s liu lin quan khi c yu cu. Vn hnh th nghim cc cng trnh x l mi trng. Sau khi vic xy lp cc cng trnh x l mi trng hon thnh v c nghim thu, tin hnh vn hnh th nghim cc cng trnh x l mi trng kim tra cc thng s v k thut v mi trng theo thit k t ra; Xy dng k hoch vn hnh th nghim v thng bo cho c quan ph duyt bo co TM, s ti nguyn v mi trng, phng ti nguyn v mi trng cp huyn v cng ng dn c ni thc hin d n b tr k hoch gim st, kim tra. Trng hp khng nng lc t tin hnh o c v phn tch cc thng s v k thut v mi trng, phi k hp ng vi t chc c nng lc chuyn mn, k thut thc hin vic o c v phn tch.

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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Sau khi kt thc vic vn hnh th nghim, bo co bng vn bn v ngh xc nhn kt qu vn hnh th nghim cc cng trnh x l mi trng gi c quan ph duyt bo co TM xc nhn. 4. Chng trnh quan trc, gim st mi trng v chng trnh o to v an ton mi trng s c thc hin trong thi gian thi cng v vn hnh d n. Kinh ph cho cc cng trnh x l, gim st mi trng v tp hun s c cng ty CP Tp on c Long m bo. 5. Trch nhim ca ch u t v n v thi cng thc hin ng, y cc ni dung nu trong bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng v cc yu cu ph duyt bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng. Thc hin ch bo co v mi trng theo quy nh ca php lut Chp hnh ch kim tra, thanh tra bo v mi trng. 6. Chng ti cam kt trong qu trnh hot ng ca d n, nu vi phm cng c quc t, cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam v xy ra cc s c mi trng th phi hon ton chu trch nhim trc php lut Nc Cng ha x hi Ch ngha Vit Nam. 6.2.2. Cam kt thc hin cc bin php, quy nh chung v mi trng c lin quan n d n - Cn c php l l Lut Bo v Mi trng Vit Nam c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005 v Ch tch nc cng b ngy 12/12/2005 v cc vn bn di lut c lin quan: Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP v/v quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng. Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08 thng 12 nm 2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng. Tiu chun cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh (TCVN 5937 - 2005). Nng ti a cho php ca mt s cht c hi trong trong khng kh xung quanh (TCVN 5938 - 2005). Mc n ti a cho php (TCVN 5948 - 1995). Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c - mc n ti a cho php (TCVN 5949 1995). Tiu chun cht lng nc mt (TCVN 5942 - 1995). Gii hn ti a cho php ca d lng ho cht bo v thc vt trong t (TCVN 5941 - 1995). Gii hn nhim cho php i vi nc thi sinh hot (TCVN 6772 - 2000). Chng ti xin bo m rng cc tiu chun, nh mc ca cc nc v cc t chc quc t c trch lc v s dng trong bo co ca chng ti u chnh xc v ang c hiu lc.

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

KT LUN V KIN NGH


7.1. KT LUN. Xy dng cng trnh thu in ng Nai 6 s tc ng n mi trng t nhin v x hi. Mt s tc ng tiu cc n mi trng l khng th trnh khi, tuy nhin cc tc ng tch cc lu di do cng trnh mang li vn chim u th. V mt tc ng ti mi trng ca cng trnh, thng qua vic nhn dng v nh gi, c th a ra mt s kt lun v kin ngh nh sau: 7.1.1. Cc tc ng tch cc Cng trnh c hiu qu Kinh t, X hi kh cao, gp phn tch cc vo vic b sung ngun in cho Quc gia v lm thay i b mt nng thn ca 3 tnh. Cng trnh nhn c s ng thun cao ca cc cp cc ngnh v chnh quyn v nhn dn a phng. Vic hnh thnh cng trnh thu in ng Nai 6 cng vi cng cc cng trnh khc trong h thng bc thang s gp phn hn ch cc thit hi do l gy ra. Thy in ng Nai 6 s mang li ngun nng lng in cho quc gia l 496,77 triu kWh/nm p ng mt phn nhu cu in ht sc cp bch ca sn xut v dn sinh. Thy in ng Nai 6 l dng thy in iu tit ngy, quy m h cha nh so vi quy m cng sut lp my 125MW s gim pht thi kh ra mi trng khong 275.000 tn CO2 l dng nng lng sch, tiu ch nh vy l chp nhn c. Hiu qu v mt kinh t, x hi l rt ln nh to iu kin pht trin KT-XH tnh Bnh Phc, Lm ng, k Nng v y nhanh tc pht trin kinh t, gp phn xa i gim ngho a phng c th l huyn k RLp, Ct Tin. Khi cc h thy in ng Nai 6 c hnh thnh th khu vc xung quanh h kh hu s c ci thin, mc nc ngm khu vc thng lu v vng h cha s c dng cao hn, m khng kh, t s c ci thin v nh vy thm thc vt ca Vn Quc Gia s tr nn tt hn, tng che ph thm thc vt hai bn h, s to iu kin cho a phng pht trin dch v du lch, a nhn dn cc vng dn tc tip cn gn hn vi cc vng khc trong v ngoi tnh. Mt tc ng tch cc d dng nhn thy na l: to thnh hng ro ngn cn hin tng vt sng sn bt th rng v cht cy, to ra ngun nc mt cho th ung nc, con ng vn hnh cng trnh s kt hp cng tc tun tra bo v rng. Hin nay v tr tuyn p cch khu t nng nghip x ng Nai Thng 267m, hot ng sinh hot sn xut ca ngi dn y tc ng n Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin t nhiu. Nn vic xy dng thy in ng Nai 6 vi vic bo v cht ch s gp phn vo vic tng cng cng tc bo v v ngn chn hot ng ca ngi dn khu vc ny n Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin. Sau khi kt thc xy dng cng trnh, khu vc cng trnh ng Nai 6 gia mt khu vc cnh quan thin nhin p cng vi nhng nt c trng vn ha phi vt th c vn ha l hi truyn thng ca ng bo dn tc nh: m tru, mng la mi, Tm bao v vt th c Cng Ching, cnh quan rng, vn cy cng nghip di ngy, sui thc chn tng, h nc, c th pht trin thnh du lch vn ha, sinh thi hp dn s l nhng im thu ht khch du lch trong nc v nc ngoi. Cng vi khu du lch khc nh khu du lch sinh thi Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin, khu di tch kho c hc Ct Tin, l nhng thng cnh p gp phn to nn tim nng du lch ca vng Ct Tin.
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Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

7.1.2. Cc tc ng tiu cc Nhn chung khi xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 nh hng n mi trng kinh t x hi l khng ng k, m ch yu l lm ngp din tch rng ca x Hng Bnh huyn k RLp, x ng Nai Thng huyn Ct Tin v nh hng n mi trng sinh thi ca Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin. Tng din tch t ngp trong h cha ng Nai 6 l 150,7 ha, ch yu l t rng. Ring thy in ng Nai 6 s lm ngp 77,45 ha rng thuc vng li chim 0,105% din tch rng Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin (73.878ha), 73,25 ha thuc vng m Ct Lc, chim dng 16 ha t rng lm khu mt bng cng trnh. Trong din tch t b chm ngp khng c nhng h sinh thi t nhin cn c bo v v trn cc din tch cng hu nh khng c cc loi thc vt qu him cn c bo v. Mt khc cc loi thc vt y l loi ph bin v phn b rng trong khu vc. Cc tc ng ca chng trnh n b v ti nh c, y thng l vn sinh t ca cc d n hin nay. Tuy nhin theo bo co nghin cu tin kh thi, kh thi d n Thy in ng Nai 6 do Cng ty T vn Xy dng in I lp thng 1/2009 th i vi cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6, vn ny khng ln, do s lung cc h phi di di hu nh khng c, din tch t canh tc ca 1 s h t chim dng, xm canh t ca vn Quc gia Ct Tin, phn ln l nhng ngi di c t cc vng khc n, nn tnh mu, tht i vi ni phi ra i cha cao. Mt khc, cc chnh sch n b, ti nh c u c bn bc cng khai, rng ri v nhn c s ng thun rt cao. Cc hot ng trong qu trnh thi cng ting n c nh hng n cc loi th v chim. Nhng vi cc bin php gim thiu nh: gim ting n do n mn (n mn bng cc v n nh, n om, ), ci xe c thay th bng ci in, b tr thi gian thi cng hp l trnh nhng ting n rung cng hng hn ch c nh hng n cc loi th v chim sng gn khu vc ny. iu ng quan tm nht l cc loi th qu him nh loi T gic 1 sng Rhinoceros sondaicus. Rng Ct Lc (tnh Lm ng) l khu vc c xc nh nm trong vng hot ng sng ca T gic. Theo c lng ca cc nh khoa hc hin nay ch cn t 3 -5 c th. Vi phng n tuyn p 5 th vic xy dng cng trnh s khng nh hng n mi trng sng ca T Gic. Do cc khu ph tr, bi thi, bi tr b tr ht cch xa khu vc sinh sng T gic 1 sng v cc loi th ln, khong cch t chn p ng Nai 6 n khu T gic l vo khong 11 km ngoi ra trong khu vc d n cn c 1 s loi th qu him nh Vn m en, B tt, Gu ch Ngoi ra cn c nhng tc ng do vic tp trung ng cng nhn nh hng n a dng sinh hc khu vc ln cn Vn Quc Gia nhng ch u t phi hp vi cc n v qun l ti nguyn thin nhin khu vc ny thc hin tt cc bin php gim thiu th nh hng l khng ng k. Trong thi gian xy dng cc hot ng khu vc mt bng cng trnh c kh nng lm nhim mi trng khng kh v nc. Cc bnh truyn nhim cng c nguy c bng pht, c bit cc bnh v ng tiu ha, h hp v mt s bnh x hi khc. Cc tc ng ny c th gim thiu. Pht sinh mu thun gia cc i tng s dng nc: Do c mc tiu, nhu cu, li ch v c thi gian, s lng nc s dng khc nhau, nn trong qu trnh vn hnh s khng trnh khi mu thun. 7.2. KIN NGH:
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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

Thy in ng Nai 6 d n c thc hin ng tin nh k hoch trnh Nh nc v c chnh ph ph duyt u t xy dng. Ch u t trnh b Nng Nghip v pht trin nng thn, Ban qun l rng phng h Nam Ct Tin, S Nng nghip v pht trin Nng thn tnh k Nng, Lm ng, Vn quc gia Ct Tin xem xt li ch tng hp ca d n v cho php thay i mc ch s dng t t din tch t rng thnh vng t ngp nc ca h cha. ngh chnh quyn a phng tnh k Nng, Lm ng, Bnh Phc trong vng d n Thy in ng Nai 6 thng bo cho tt c t chc, c nhn ngng ngay vic xy dng cc cng trnh kin c v trng cc loi cy c lu nm, trng rng trong phm vi vng ngp ngay sau khi c quyt nh ph duyt d n u t. Cc loi cy mu hng nm s ngng canh tc trc khi h tch nc 6 thng. V chnh quyn a phng 3 tnh gip Ch d n gii quyt kp thi vic khiu ni ca cc h b nh hng v gip , to iu kin cho h mau chng phc hi cuc sng thng qua chng trnh n b v ti nh c. Kin ngh chnh quyn a phng tnh k Nng, Lm ng, Bnh Phc v cc c quan qun l mi trng cc cp (B Ti nguyn & Mi trng, B nng nghip v pht trin Nng thn, S Ti nguyn & Mi trng, Chi cc kim lm, S Nng nghip v pht trin Nng thn ca cc tnh, Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin. Cc n v a phng: Ban qun l rng Nam Ct Tin x Hng Bnh huyn k R lp, trm kim lm B Sa x ng Nai Thng huyn Ct Tin trm kim lm x Lc Bc huyn Bo Lm Vn Quc Gia Ct Tin) kt hp thc hin cc bin php gim thiu tc ng v gim st mi trng khu vc d n. Vic xy dng cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6, gy tc ng khng ln ti Mi trng ca khu vc, tuy nhin, mt s tc ng l khng th trnh khi. khc phc, gim thiu cc tc ng cp trong phn nh gi, ch u t cam kt s p dng y cc gii php phng chng, gim thiu c xut phn trn, c bit l cc gii php cho dng chy trn sng ng Nai, on h lu p chnh, vn gii quyt bom mn, cht c chin tranh v chng trnh n b, ti nh c. Ngoi ra cc hot ng quan trc, gim st cng s sm c ch u t tin hnh hp ng vi cc c quan chuyn mn thc hin. Bng cc s liu quan trc, gim st trong qu trnh thc hin d n, ch u t s tin hnh cc nh gi tip theo c nhng gii php khc phc, gim thiu hp l, ng lc v hu hiu hn. Tm li cng trnh thy in ng Nai 6 hiu qu v mt Kinh t, X hi, kh thi v mt Mi trng. V vy, ngh cc cp c thm quyn sm ph duyt d n u t xy dng pha ch u t tin hnh cng tc n b, gii phng mt bng, xy dng cc khu ti nh canh, nh c v tin hnh k kt hp ng vi c quan chuyn mn thc hin cc cng tc nh xy dng cc khu TC, TC, r ph bom mn, tm kim, thu gom cc loi cht c do chin tranh li v trin khai thi cng trnh theo ng tin . Bo co ny khng bao gm phn nh gi cho h thng ng dy ti in (mt hng mc ca d n). Phn ny, pha ch u t s thc hin trong mt bo co ring. TPHCM, thng 9 nm 2010 PHN PH LC (Xem tp ph lc TM ng Nai 6 v 6A)

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BO CO D N U T CNG TRNH THY IN NG NAI 6

Tp 1 - Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng

TI LIU THAM KHO


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Bo co nghin cu tin kh thi, kh thi d n Thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A do Cng ty T vn Xy dng in I lp thng 1/2009. Bo co d n Thy in ng Nai 6 v ng Nai 6A giai on u t do Cng ty T vn Xy dng in IV lp thng 7/2010. Bo co kt qu iu tra, nh gi thit hi Phng n ti nh c vng nh hng D n do Cng ty T vn Xy dng in IV lp thng 7/2010. Ph lc Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng ca bo co nghin cu tin kh thi do Cng ty T vn Xy dng in I lp thng 1/2009 Bo co Quy hoch Pht trin v Bo v Ti nguyn nc lu vc sng ng Nai do Vin Quy hoch Thy li min Nam lp, nm 2005. Cc s liu v hin trng Mi trng khu vc d n do PVKSQHTLNB tin hnh kho st, thu thp vo thng 2/2010 v thng 6/2010. Cc s liu v hin trng mi trng tnh Bnh Phc, k Nng, ng Nai ca S Ti Nguyn Mi trng tnh, nm 2009, Bn cao s DEM (Digital Elevation Map) Nin gim thng k 2008 - 2009, Cc thng k tnh Bnh Phc, k Nng, ng Nai v cc huyn B ng, kRlp, Ct Tin. Cc bo co TM ca cc d n thy in nh: thy in i Ninh, thy in Thc M, thy in Cn n, Srok-Phu Ming, A Vng. Bo co nh gi hin trng, d bo bin i mi trng khu vc cng trnh Tr An v xut phng hng pht trin kinh t x hi trong vng. Cc tiu chun nh nc Vit Nam v Mi trng (TCVN -1995). Quy ch qun l cht thi nguy hi (155/1999/Q-TTg) ca Chnh ph ban hnh ngy 16/7/1999. Kh hu Vit Nam , Phm Ngc Ton, Phan Tt c, Nh xut bn khoa hc k thut, 1993, Bnh ngh nghip - GS L Trung, Nh xut bn Y hc, nm 1993. Flow The essentials of Environmental flows IUCN The World Conservation Union Assessment of sources of air, water, and land pollution, A guide to rapid source inventory techniques and their use in formulating environmental control strategies, Part I & II, Wolrd Health Organization, Geneva, 1993. Water quality criteria 1972, Environmental Study Board, National Academy of Sciences, Washington D,C, 1972. Canadian Water Quality Guidelines, 1994, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. Occupational Health, Recognizing and Preventing Work- Related Disease , Barry S,Levy , M,D, , David H,Wegman, M,D, 1988. Occupational health and safety in manufacturing industries , POLTEV, Moscow 1985, Waste water engineering, Treatment, Disposal, Reuse, Metcalf & Eddy, International Edition 1991. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 15th edition, 1981,

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

24. Sinh thi Mi trng ng dng, L Huy B, Lm Minh Trit, nh xut bn Khoa hc & K thut, thng 9 nm 2000.

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