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B GIO DC V O TO

CHNH THC

P N THANG IM
THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2012
Mn: TON; Khi A v khi A1
(p n thang im gm 04 trang)

Cu

p n

im

1
a) (1,0 im)
(2,0 im)
Khi m = 0, ta c: y = x 4 2 x 2 .
Tp xc nh: D = \.
S bin thin:

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Chiu bin thin: y ' = 4 x3 4 x; y ' = 0 x = 0 hoc x = 1.

Cc khong nghch bin: ( ; 1) v (0; 1); cc khong ng bin: (1; 0) v (1; + ).

Cc tr: Hm s t cc tiu ti x = 1, yCT = 1; t cc i ti x = 0, yC = 0.
Gii hn: lim y = lim y = + .
x

Bng bin thin:

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x+

x
y'

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1
th:

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1 O

1
b) (1,0 im)

Ta c y ' = 4 x 3 4( m + 1) x = 4 x ( x 2 m 1).
th hm s c 3 im cc tr khi v ch khi m + 1 > 0 m > 1 (*).
Cc im cc tr ca th l A(0; m 2 ), B( m + 1; 2m 1) v C ( m + 1; 2m 1).
JJJG
JJJG
Suy ra: AB = ( m + 1; ( m + 1) 2 ) v AC = ( m + 1; ( m + 1) 2 ).
JJJG JJJG
Ta c AB = AC nn tam gic ABC vung khi v ch khi AB. AC = 0
( m + 1) 4 ( m + 1) = 0. Kt hp (*), ta c gi tr m cn tm l m = 0.

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Cu

p n

im

2
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi ( 3 sin x + cos x 1) cos x = 0.
(1,0 im)

cos x = 0 x = + k (k ]).
2

3 sin x + cos x 1 = 0 cos x = cos

3
3
2
+ k 2 (k ]).
x = k 2 hoc x =
3

2
+ k 2 (k ]).
Vy nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = + k, x = k 2 v x =
2
3
3
3
3
( x 1) 12( x 1) = ( y + 1) 12( y + 1) (1)

(1,0 im) H cho tng ng vi:

12
12
+ y+
= 1.
(2)
x
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
3
T (2), suy ra 1 x 1 v 1 y + 1 x 1 v y + 1 .
2
2
2
2
2
2
3 3
Xt hm s f (t ) = t 3 12t trn ; , ta c f '(t ) = 3(t 2 4) < 0 , suy ra f(t) nghch bin.
2 2
Do (1) x 1 = y + 1 y = x 2 (3).
2
2
1
3
1
3
+ x
= 1 4 x 2 8 x + 3 = 0 x = hoc x = .
Thay vo (2), ta c x
2
2
2
2
1
3
3 1
Thay vo (3), ta c nghim ca h l ( x; y ) = ;
hoc ( x; y ) = ; .
2 2
2 2
dx
1
4
dx
t u = 1 + ln( x + 1) v dv = 2 , suy ra du =
v v = .
(1,0 im)
x +1
x
x

( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

1 + ln( x + 1)
I=
+
x
1

2 + ln 2
+
3

(
1

dx

x( x + 1)

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2 + ln 2
x
1
1
+ ln
dx =

3
x +1
x x +1

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1

2
2
= + ln 3 ln 2.
3
3
5
(1,0 im)

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n l gc gia SC v (ABC), suy ra SCH

n = 60o.
Ta c SCH
a
a 3
Gi D l trung im ca cnh AB. Ta c: HD= , CD =
,
6
2
a 7
a 21
HC = HD 2 + CD 2 =
, SH = HC.tan60o =
.
3
3

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1
1 a 21 a 2 3 a 3 7
=
VS . ABC = .SH .S ABC = .
.
.
3
3 3
4
12

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K Ax//BC. Gi N v K ln lt l hnh chiu vung gc

3
ca H trn Ax v SN. Ta c BC//(SAN) v BA = HA nn
2
3
d ( SA, BC ) = d ( B,( SAN )) = d ( H ,( SAN )).
2
Ta cng c Ax ( SHN ) nn Ax HK . Do
HK ( SAN ). Suy ra d ( H ,( SAN )) = HK .

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A
x

C
H
B

AH =

2a
a 3
, HN = AH sin 60o =
, HK =
3
3

SH .HN
2

SH + HN

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a 42
a 42
. Vy d ( SA, BC ) =
.
8
12

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Cu

p n

im

6
Ta chng minh 3t t + 1, t 0 (*).
(1,0 im)
Xt hm f (t ) = 3t t 1 , c f '(t ) = 3t ln 3 1 > 0, t 0 v f (0) = 0 , suy ra (*) ng.

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p dng (*), ta c 3 | x y | + 3 | y z | + 3 | z x | 3+ | x y | + | y z | + | z x |.
p dng bt ng thc | a | + | b | | a + b | , ta c:
(| x y | + | y z | + | z x |) 2 = | x y |2 + | y z |2 + | z x |2 + | x y |(| y z | + | z x |) + | y z |(| z x | + | x y |)

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+ | z x |(| x y | + | y z |) 2 | x y | + | y z | + | z x | .

Do | x y | + | y z | + | z x | 2 | x y |2 + | y z |2 + | z x |2 = 6 x 2 + 6 y 2 + 6 z 2 2 ( x + y + z ) .
2

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M x + y + z = 0, suy ra | x y | + | y z | + | z x | 6 x + 6 y + 6 z .
Suy ra P = 3 | x y | + 3 | yz | + 3 | zx | 6 x 2 + 6 y 2 + 6 z 2 3.
Khi x = y = z = 0 th du bng xy ra. Vy gi tr nh nht ca P bng 3.
Gi H l giao im ca AN v BD. K ng thng qua H
7.a
v song song vi AB, ct AD v BC ln lt ti P v Q.
(1,0 im)
t HP = x. Suy ra PD = x, AP = 3x v HQ = 3x.
A
B
Ta c QC = x, nn MQ = x. Do AHP = HMQ, suy ra
AH HM .
Hn na, ta cng c AH = HM .
M
3 10
Do AM = 2 MH = 2d ( M ,( AN )) =
.
H
2
Q
P
AAN, suy ra A(t; 2t 3).
C
D
11 2
7 2 45
3 10
N
+ 2t
=
MA =
t
2
2
2
2

) (

t 2 5t + 4 = 0 t = 1 hoc t = 4.
Vy: A(1; 1) hoc A(4;5).

JJJG
JJJG JJG
1
2 2
2
IH AB IH . a = 0 t 1 + 4t + t 1 = 0 t = IH = ; ; .
3 3
3
3
Tam gic IAH vung cn ti H, suy ra bn knh mt cu (S) l R = IA = 2 IH =

8
Do phng trnh mt cu cn tm l ( S ): x 2 + y 2 + ( z 3)2 = .
3

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2 6
.
3

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9.a
n(n 1)(n 2)
n 1
3
(1,0 im) 5Cn = Cn 5n =
6

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n = 7 (v n nguyn dng).
n

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JJG
8.a
Vc t ch phng ca d l a = (1; 2; 1). Gi H l trung im ca AB, suy ra IH AB.
JJJG
(1,0 im)
Ta c H d nn ta H c dng H (t 1; 2t ; t + 2) IH = (t 1; 2t ; t 1).

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7

7
2
2
1 x2 1
nx
x
Khi
=
= C7k
x 2
x k =0 2
14

7k

( 1x ) = (21)7kC7 x143k .
k

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k=0

S hng cha x5 tng ng vi 14 3k = 5 k = 3 .

Do s hng cn tm l

(1)3 .C73 5
35
x = x5 .
4
16
2
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Cu

p n

7.b
(1,0 im)

im

Phng trnh chnh tc ca (E) c dng:

y

2
O

x2
a2

y2
b2

= 1,

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vi a > b > 0 v 2a = 8. Suy ra a = 4.

A

Do (E) v (C) cng nhn Ox v Oy lm trc i xng v

cc giao im l cc nh ca mt hnh vung nn (E) v
(C) c mt giao im vi ta dng A(t ; t ), t > 0.

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A(C) t 2 + t 2 = 8, suy ra t = 2.

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A(2;2) ( E )

16
4
4
+
= 1 b2 = .
2
3
16 b

Phng trnh chnh tc ca (E) l

8.b
(1,0 im) M thuc d, suy ra ta ca M c dng M(2t 1; t; t + 2).

x2 y 2
+
= 1.
16 16
3

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MN nhn A l trung im, suy ra N(3 2t; 2 t; 2 t).

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N(P) 3 2t 2 t 2(2 t ) + 5 = 0 t = 2, suy ra M(3; 2; 4).

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ng thng i qua A v M c phng trnh :

x 1 y + 1 z 2
=
=
.
2
3
2

9.b
t z = a + bi (a, b \), z 1.
(1,0 im)
5( z + i )
= 2 i (3a b 2) + (a 7b + 6)i = 0
Ta c
z +1

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3a b 2 = 0
a = 1


a 7b + 6 = 0
b = 1.

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Do z =1+i. Suy ra w = 1 + z + z 2 =1+1+ i + (1+ i )2 = 2 + 3i.

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Vy w = 2 + 3i = 13.

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