TRNG RAU THY CANH GIA NH -----------------ThS.

. Trn Th Ba B mn Khoa Hc Cy Trng Khoa Nng Nghip & Sinh hc ng dng, Trng HCT

GII THIU Thy canh l k thut trng cy khng cn t m trng trc tip vo dung dch dinh dng. Dinh dng thy canh c chun ho theo tiu chun quc t khng nh hng n sc kho ngi tiu dng. y l phng php n gin gip ngi dn thnh ph c th t trng rau sch n, l mt th tiu khin nh chm sc cy hoa king, l cch th gin ca nhng ngi c cng lm vic cao nh hin nay, c bit ph hp vi ngi ln tui, ngi v hu v tr em.

X lch v rau mung thy canh, Cn Th

U IM 1. Khng phi lm t khng c c di. 2. Trng c nhiu v, c th tri v, khng cn ti. 3. Khng phi s dng thuc tr su bnh, tr c di.

4. Nng sut cao hn t 25% n 50%. 5. Sn phm hon ton sch ng nht. 6. Ngi ga yu tr em c th tham gia c hiu qu. 7. Khng tch ly cht c, khng gy nhim mi trng. IU KIN TRNG Tn dng mt bng sn thng, ban cng hay khong sn trc nh: - nh sng cho cy quang hp t nht 5-6 gi trong mt ngy. - Cn trnh nc ma dung dch dinh dng khng b pha long, c th lm mi che bng ni lng trng. - Cn phun nc 2-3 ln vo bui tra nng gt i vi rau n l. - Cn trnh cho cy khi b nght th: Khng bao gi cho dung dch ngp hon ton b r, cha phn na b r nm trn mt dung dch. I. VT LIU 1. Hp xp (45 x 60 x 15 cm) 2. Cht dinh dng 3. R nha gieo ht 4. Ht rau (x lch, rau mung, ci xanh, ci ngt, hng qu...) 5. X da, tro tru

6. Bnh phun nc II. TRNH T THAO TC 1. Chun b hp xp: Hp xp c sn en bn trong hoc lt ni long en ng dung dch. 2. Khoan l: Dng ng nc bng nha (c ng knh tng ng ming r) c l trn np hp, s l ph thuc vo tng loi cy trng: Rau mung, x lch, ci xanh, ... c th 24 l. 3. Chun b r gieo ht: Dng x da nhi di y r, nhi tro tru bn trn, t r vo cc l c trn np hp.

Chun b hp xp, sn en; Khoang l trn np ht; Chun b ro gieo ht

4. Gieo ht: 2-3 ht vo mi r su khong 1cm 5. Pha dung dch: Dinh dng c c ng trong chai, lc tht u vo thng xp, thm lng nc theo hng dn, sau khuy u. Mc nc cch ming thng t nht 2 cm. 6. Kt thc: t np hp c sn r nha gieo ht ln trn hp xp cha dng dch dinh dng, sao cho y r nha ngp trong dung dch t 1-2 cm.

Gieo 2 - 3 ht vo mi r; Pha dung dch dinh dng; t np hp ln thng

Ch : Theo di mc nc trong hp xp, cn pha dinh dng thm vo khi mc nc thp hn b r.

Thy canh l k thut trng cy khng dng t m trng trc tip vo dung dch dinh dng. K thut thy canh l mt trong nhng k thut tin b ca ngh lm vn hin i. Chn la mi trng t nhin thch hp cho cy pht trin l s s dng nhng cht thch hp cho s sinh trng v pht trin ca cy trnh c s pht trin ca c di, cn trng v bnh tt ly nhim t t Bn Tre hin cha c bn dung dch thy canh pha sn, tuy nhin bn c th tham kho mt s a ch TP H Ch Minh nh: Cty TNHH CNSH Si Gn Xanh,127 Nguyn Trng Tuyn F15, QPN. C th t pha ch dung dch thy canh nhng i hi phi c cn in t v trong mi trng c nhng nguyn t vi lng ch cn vi mg. Dung dch dinh dng cho cy t Mui Phn A: Ca(NO3)2 KNO3(A) Fe ETDA Phn B KNO3(B) KH2PO4 MgSO4 MnSO4 33,46 26,84 42,60 0,40 93,98 33,46 4,08 Trng lng (g)

ZnSO4 H3PO3 CuSO4 (NH4)4Mo7O24.4H2O

0,26 0,33 4,44 0,20

Dung dch thy canh rau mung v x lch nhit i ca DR.RESH Mui Phn A: Ca(NO3)2 KNO3 Fe ETDA Phn B KNO KH2PO4 MgSO4 MnSO4 ZnSO4 H3PO3 CuSO4 (NH4)4Mo7O24.4H2O 316,48 28,57 36,73 0,20 2,20 2,78 1,33 4,09 286,54 16,48 5,10 Trng lng (g)

Hng dn pha dung dch: -Ha tan phn A trong 1 lt nc. Ha tan cc mui phn B trong 1 lt nc. - s dng xc nh s lng dinh dng cn thit. lng nc mong mun vo trong 1 thng thch hp. Tnh ton xem phi pha bao nhiu v s pha dung dch vi t l 1:100 -u tin dung dch A vo trc, khuy mnh, sau dung dch B vo. Khng trn ln hai dung dch c c v nh vy s rt d dng xy ra phn ng nhanh chng lm bin cht dung dch dinh dng.