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It was an age of exploration and expansion abroad the Protestant reformation became more acceptable to the people It was also the end of the period when England was a separate realm
ELIZABETHAN ERA
The Elizabethan Age is viewed so highly because of
the periods before and after. It was a brief period of internal peace between : - the English reformation (it was driven initially by the political necessities of Henry VIII he decided to remove the Church of England from the authority of Rome. In 1534 Henry VIII was established the Supreme head of the Church of England.; there were battles between Protestants and Catholics ) - the battles between the Parliament and the monarchy in the 17th century.
astronomy, Substantial advancements were made in the fields of cartography and surveying /mapovn/. Much of this scientific and technological progress related to the practical skill of navigation. Noteworthy achievements in exploration Sir Francis Drake circumnavigated /obeplul/ the globe between 1577 and 1581, and Martin Frobisher explored the Arctic. The first English settlement of North America occurred in this erathe lost colony at Roanoke Island (established by Sir Walter Raleigh)
ELIZABETHAN THEATRE
Theatre was the focal point /ohnisko/ of the age acting was a part of public life Theatre was also the most democratic cultural institution Actors and playwrights often had the patronage of noblemen The main topic of the plays were tensions and problems of the society
ELIZABETHAN THEATRE
The Elizabethan Theatres started in the courtyards of Inns - they
were called Inn-yards (The Bull Inn, The Bell Savage and others)
When London authorities banned plays (1572) as a measure against the plague and all players were formally expelled from the city first permanent open-air theatres were constructed outside the jurisdiction of London
increased (The Globe, the Hope, the Rose, the Swan, the Curtain, the Fortune)
audience
Usually built of timber vulnerable to fire Audience capacity: 1500 3000 people The cost was usually 1-2 pennies
Indoor playhouses
However, profit dropped in the winter
as people would not come to the cold open arenas of these massive Elizabethan Theatres Playhouses were therefore used for many winter productions - they were indoor Elizabethan Theatres. The best known: The Blackfriars The Whitefriars The Cocpit They were smaller in size The capacity was up to 500 people
THEATRES IN LONDON
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
Shakespeares life
There are few facts known with certainty about William
Avon, England
children (his son Hamnet died of black plague at the age of 11) He was an actor, playwright and theatre enterpriser /provozovatel/ in London, owned property in both Stratford and London
known as the Lord Chamberlains men like others of the period, the company took its name from its aristocratic sponsor, in this case the Lord Chamberlain.
The group became popular enough that after the death
of Elizabeth and the coronation of James I (1603), the new monarch adopted the company and it became known as the Kings men, after the death of their previous sponsor.
Shakespeare died on 23 April 1616 at the age of 52.
Shakespeares plays
Tragedies: Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth
Historical plays: Richard II, Richard III, Henry IV, V, VI and VIII, King John,
Twelfth Night, As you like it, The Commedy of Errors, The Merry Wives of Windsor, Troilus and Cressida
Other Playwrights
Christopher Marlowe Tamburlain the Great
worn as pendants (pvsky), hanging from chains or ribbons from the neck or the waist
They remained hidden in the cases not to be seen by
anyone else
The miniature-wearing fashion is parallel with the sonnet-
writing fashion
The sonnet was, like the miniature, a jewel they were not
Shakespeares sonnets
Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets mainly in the 1590s - during
a young man
Some interprets claim that his sonnets to the young man are
life
Sonnet 18
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngZY8coaWMg
Shall I compare thee to a summers DAY? Thou art more lovely and more temperATE Rough winds do shake the darling buds of MAY And summers lease hath all too short a DATE Sometime too hot the eye of heaven SHINES And often is his gold complexion DIMMD And every fair from fair sometime deCLINES By chance or natures changing course unTRIMMD A B A B C D C D
E
F E F G G