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API 570 PIPING INSPECTION

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API 570 Piping Inspection Code

570
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API 570 COVERS IN-SERVICE INSPECTION OF PIPING

To fit in with the philosophy of ANSI B31.3 DESIGN CODE FOR PROCESS PIPING

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THE SCOPE OF API 570


Mandatory:Almost any metallic piping system:
Raw and finished oil products Raw and finished chemical products Hydrogen/fuel/flare gas systems Sour/waste systems etc

Optional:
Water,steam and condensate Piping related to mechanical equipment (pumps/compressors etc) Pressure vessels Domestic sewers etc Everything< in dia Non-metallic piping

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API 570 INSPECTION PRACTICES


Checks are needed for specific types of corrosion and cracking: 1. Injection points 2. Dead legs 3. CUI 4. Soil /Air(S/A) interfaces 5. Erosion and erosion/corrosion 6. SCC 7. Corrosion under linings 8. Fatigue cracking 9. Creep cracking 10. Brittle fracture 11. Freeze damage
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Well look at some of these in more detail

INJECTION POINTS
Why is particular inspection attention (and TMLs) needed at injection points ?

.and what are TMLs anyway


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INJECTION POINT INSPECTION AREAS


12in or 3D upstream
2nd change of flow direction downstream (or 7.6m after the first change)

This area is known as:The IPC(injection point circuit)

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API 570 INSPECTION METHODS

External visual

TMLs (4 quadrants)

Internal visuals
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DEADLEGS
Corrosion rates are higher around deadlegs

Redundant deadlegs should be removed

Deadleg

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CORROSION UNDER INSULATION (CUI)

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CORROSION UNDER INSULATION (CUI)

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CORROSION UNDER INSULATION (CUI)

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CORROSION UNDER INSULATION (CUI)


Almost total wastage of bolts

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CORROSION UNDER INSULATION (CUI)

API identifies the areas that are most susceptible to CUI

Near steam vents and deluge systems


Mist from cooling towers

Acid vapours

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CORROSION UNDER INSULATION (CUI)

All LCS pipework operating continually at 4<t<120 degC LCS pipework operating> 120 degC BUT INTERMITTENTLY Austenitic Stainless steel at 65-205 DegC (for SCC) Piping systems that vibrate a lot (insulation becomes damaged) Piping systems with damaged wrappings

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CORROSION UNDER FIXED LININGS In general ,API does not require removal of linings for inspectionsAS LONG AS THE LINING IS IN GOOD CONDITION

BUT
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SOIL/AIR INTERFACES

All interfaces without cathodic protection

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CORROSION UNDER INSULATION (CUI)

The API 570 rule is that you should inspect areas for CUI where the insulation is damaged
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RECOMMENDED EXTENT OF CUI EXAMINATION(BY CLASS)


% NDT on areas with damaged insulation % NDT on suspect areas within CUI temperature range 50% 33% 10%

Type of circuit

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3

75% 50% 25%

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EROSION AND EROSION-CORROSION LOCATIONS

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TMLS FOR EROSION/CORROSION Downstream of ..

Control valves (especially when there is flash-off Orifice plate Pump discharges Elbows Pipe features that produce turbulence

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EROSION/CORROSION

An example

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Erosion/Corrosion after flow-restriction features

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STRESS CORROSION CRACKING (SCC)

Rule: In most circumstances,SCC is due to

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SCC ON A GAS PIPELINE COMPONENT

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SCC ON A GAS PIPELINE COMPONENT

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What is this?

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25mm min radii

API 570 GUIDE ON REPAIR PATCHES

Repair patch

Max D/2

Not permitted
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API 570 GUIDE ON REPAIR PATCHES

Requires a full repair sleeve

Min 2D

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API 570 INSPECTION INTERVALS The maximum permitted interval depends on pipe class

Class 1:Highest risk/consequence


Class 2 : Medium risk
Class 3:

Low risk
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MAXIMUM API INSPECTION INTERVALS (BY CLASS)


Type of circuit Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Injection points S/A interfaces Thickness measurements 5 years 10 years 10 years 3 years External visual 5 years 5 years 10 years By class By class

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API 570 PIPING CLASSES

Class 1

Flammable services/flash-off leading to brittle fractur Explosive vapours after flash-off H2S gaseous Hydroflouric acid Piping over public roads

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API 570 PIPING CLASSES

Class 2
Most other process piping On-site hydrocarbons H2, fuel gas and natural gas On-site acid and caustics

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API 570 PIPING CLASSES

Class 3
Fluids that will not flash off (even if they are flammable) Distillate/product storage/loading lines Off-site acids and caustics
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API 570 SUMMARY

API 570 specifies the main points to look for Remember the pipe classes (and their inspection periods) Simple wall thickness determination

570
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